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[o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Founding_of_the_West_End_(Western_New_Town)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding_of_the_West_End_(Western_New_Town)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Founding of the West End (Western New Town) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding_of_the_West_End_(Western_New_Town)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Victorian_Extension" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Victorian_Extension"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 The Victorian Extension </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Victorian_Extension-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_North_West_End" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_North_West_End"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 The North West End </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_North_West_End-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_South_West_End" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_South_West_End"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 The South West End </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_South_West_End-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Recent history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Geography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Governance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture_and_community" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_and_community"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Culture and community </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture_and_community-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture and community subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_community-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Museums_and_Libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums_and_Libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Museums and Libraries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums_and_Libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art_galleries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_galleries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Art galleries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_galleries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Screen_and_stage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Screen_and_stage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Screen and stage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Screen_and_stage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_public_spaces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_public_spaces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Parks and public spaces </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_public_spaces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Architecture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clubs_and_societies" 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.geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=West_End,_Edinburgh&params=55.94814_N_3.21453_W_type:city(50000)_region:GB_dim:1000">55°56′53″N 3°12′52″W / 55.94814°N 3.21453°W / 55.94814; -3.21453</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Human settlement in Scotland</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1165525471">.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-label{width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place-other-names{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place td,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">West End</th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Melville_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358456.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Melville_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358456.jpg/240px-Melville_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358456.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Melville_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358456.jpg/360px-Melville_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358456.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Melville_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358456.jpg/480px-Melville_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_358456.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="424" /></a><div>Melville Street looking down towards West Register House</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="West End is located in the City of Edinburgh council area"><img alt="West End is located in the City of Edinburgh council area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Edinburgh_UK_location_map.svg/240px-Edinburgh_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Edinburgh_UK_location_map.svg/360px-Edinburgh_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Edinburgh_UK_location_map.svg/480px-Edinburgh_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1330" data-file-height="1384" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.744%;left:60.826%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="West End" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>West End</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Edinburgh_council_area" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Edinburgh council area">City of Edinburgh council area</a></div>Show map of the City of Edinburgh council area</div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><a href="/wiki/File:Scotland_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="West End is located in Scotland"><img alt="West End is located in Scotland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Scotland_location_map.svg/240px-Scotland_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Scotland_location_map.svg/360px-Scotland_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Scotland_location_map.svg/480px-Scotland_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="1483" /></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:77.721%;left:66.494%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="West End" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>West End</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></div>Show map of Scotland</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Scotland" title="Subdivisions of Scotland">Council area</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Edinburgh_(council_area)" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Edinburgh (council area)">City of Edinburgh</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EH2,_EH3_postcode_area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EH2, EH3 postcode area (page does not exist)">EH2, EH3</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0131</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Scotland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Scottish Fire and Rescue Service">Scottish</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Ambulance_Service" title="Scottish Ambulance Service">Scottish</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>List of places</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Scotland" title="List of places in Scotland">Scotland</a></dd> <dd></dd></dl></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=West_End,_Edinburgh&params=55.94814_N_3.21453_W_type:city(50000)_region:GB_dim:1000">55°56′53″N 3°12′52″W / 55.94814°N 3.21453°W / 55.94814; -3.21453</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The West End is an affluent district of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, which along with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh">New Town</a> and <a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Old Town</a> forms central Edinburgh, and Edinburgh's <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> The area boasts several of the city's hotels, restaurants, independent shops, offices and arts venues, including the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Filmhouse" title="Edinburgh Filmhouse">Edinburgh Filmhouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_International_Conference_Centre" title="Edinburgh International Conference Centre">Edinburgh International Conference Centre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_Edinburgh_-_The_Caledonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Waldorf Astoria Edinburgh - The Caledonian">Caledonian Hotel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TheWestEnd-2">[2]</a> The area also hosts art festivals and crafts fairs.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-edinburgh.org-5">[5]</a> Built as a western expansion of the New Town, the northern part of the West End sits on the <a href="/wiki/Water_of_Leith" title="Water of Leith">Water of Leith</a> river and forms part of Edinburgh's UNESCO World Heritage Site.<a href="#cite_note-WorldHeritage-6">[6]</a> The West End is contiguous with the rest of <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh">New Town</a> and is accordingly included in the <a href="/wiki/Conservation_area_(United_Kingdom)" title="Conservation area (United Kingdom)">New Town Conservation Area</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> As can be inferred therefore, this area of the city contains many buildings of great architectural beauty, primarily long rows and crescents of <a href="/wiki/Georgian_architecture" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian</a> <a href="/wiki/Terraced_houses" class="mw-redirect" title="Terraced houses">terraced houses</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> The West End also incorporates many of the <a href="/wiki/New_Town_Gardens" title="New Town Gardens">New Town Gardens</a>, a heritage designation since 2001.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The district is one of Edinburgh's most affluent areas, and includes many of the most expensive streets in Scotland's capital.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Many nations have their <a href="/wiki/Consulate" title="Consulate">consulates</a> in the West End. The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a> has its headquarters, Forbes House, in the district and the official residence of the <a href="/wiki/Moderator_of_the_General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland</a> is also located here.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> The West End district is immediately west of the rest of the New Town, and also the Old Town. It is bordered to the north by the <a href="/wiki/Stockbridge,_Edinburgh" title="Stockbridge, Edinburgh">Stockbridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dean_Village" title="Dean Village">Dean Village</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ravelston" title="Ravelston">Ravelston</a> districts, <a href="/wiki/Tollcross,_Edinburgh" title="Tollcross, Edinburgh">Tollcross</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fountainbridge" title="Fountainbridge">Fountainbridge</a> districts to the south, and <a href="/wiki/West_Coates" title="West Coates">West Coates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_Edinburgh" title="Haymarket, Edinburgh">Haymarket</a> and <a href="/wiki/Murrayfield" title="Murrayfield">Murrayfield</a> to the West. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_house_of_Easter_Coates_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1953972.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Old_house_of_Easter_Coates_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1953972.jpg/220px-Old_house_of_Easter_Coates_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1953972.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Old_house_of_Easter_Coates_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1953972.jpg/330px-Old_house_of_Easter_Coates_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1953972.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Old_house_of_Easter_Coates_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1953972.jpg/440px-Old_house_of_Easter_Coates_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1953972.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="486" /></a><figcaption>Easter Coates House</figcaption></figure> In 1615 <a href="/wiki/John_Byres_of_Coates" title="John Byres of Coates">John Byres</a> the city Treasurer built Easter Coates House to the west of the city. The house had a truly huge estate, stretching to <a href="/wiki/St_Cuthbert%27s_Church,_Edinburgh" title="St Cuthbert's Church, Edinburgh">St Cuthbert's Church</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The house was originally a <a href="/wiki/Estate_houses_in_Scotland" title="Estate houses in Scotland">Laird's house</a>, and as the city of Edinburgh grew, and John Byres became city Treasurer and <a href="/wiki/Bailie" title="Bailie">Bailie</a>, it became an early example of a <a href="/wiki/Burgher_(social_class)" title="Burgher (social class)">Burgher's</a> city mansion. The house is still standing as of the 21st century as the centre of the West End district.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding_of_the_West_End_(Western_New_Town)">Founding of the West End (Western New Town)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding of the West End (Western New Town)">edit</a>]</div> For the history and development of the rest of New Town see: <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh">New Town, Edinburgh</a>. In 1806, Shandwick Place was developed as a western extension of New Town's Princes Street, to the south of the Easter Coates House estate, by John Cockburn Ross, of <a href="/wiki/Shandwick" title="Shandwick">Shandwick</a> in <a href="/wiki/Easter_Ross" title="Easter Ross">Easter Ross</a>, who commissioned architect James Tait to come up with a plan for the west of New Town. It was eventually joined up with the newly built Maitland Street (started 1807), named after its developer and owner Sir Alexander Charles Maitland, 2nd baronet of <a href="/wiki/Clifton_Hall_School" title="Clifton Hall School">Cliftonshall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping2-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DSCN5960_25_Melville_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/DSCN5960_25_Melville_Street.jpg/220px-DSCN5960_25_Melville_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/DSCN5960_25_Melville_Street.jpg/330px-DSCN5960_25_Melville_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/DSCN5960_25_Melville_Street.jpg/440px-DSCN5960_25_Melville_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>25 Melville Street</figcaption></figure> Around 1800, the Easter Coates House estate was bought by William Walker, an <a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Advocates" title="Faculty of Advocates">Advocate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/White_Rod" title="White Rod">Gentleman Usher of the White Rod</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Parliament of Scotland">Estates of Parliament</a>, who sought to develop the east section of the estate, as a western extension of the then newly built <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh">New Town</a>.<a href="#cite_note-deanvillage.org-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping1-18">[18]</a> In 1808 a plan for the West End Village was devised by the architect Robert Brown.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping1-18">[18]</a> Property in the West of the city was desirable to the wealthy early on because the winds carried smog, dust and pollution eastward.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Under the Brown plan Melville Street would form the centrepiece of the new Georgian West End Village, extending directly from the western facing side of <a href="/wiki/West_Register_House" title="West Register House">West Register House</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moray_Estate#Randolph_Place" title="Moray Estate">Randolph Place</a>. The street would be accessed to the south at Shandwick Place, from Coates Crescent by Walker Street, which would itself be intersected by William Street to create a Georgian <a href="/wiki/Grid_plan" title="Grid plan">grid</a> layout, with both roads named after William Walker. Construction began in 1813 on Coates Crescent. Brown also developed Atholl Crescent which faces Coates Crescent.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Melville Street was largely completed by the 1830s although the corner plots would remain unfinished until the 1860s.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping1-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> At the centre of Melville Street is a bronze statue of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Dundas,_2nd_Viscount_Melville" title="Robert Dundas, 2nd Viscount Melville">Robert Dundas, 2nd Viscount Melville</a> standing on two large stone steps.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-StatueCanmore-23">[23]</a> The William Walker estate abutted the estate of <a href="/wiki/James_Erskine,_Lord_Alva" title="James Erskine, Lord Alva">James Erskine, Lord Alva</a> and the Erskine Trustees, with Stafford Street forming the junction between the two estates. The Erskine family estate was developed alongside the Walker estate, but using <a href="/wiki/James_Gillespie_Graham" title="James Gillespie Graham">James Gillespie Graham</a> as the architect, instead of Brown. Gillespie Graham was the architect for the Earl of Moray and had designed the Moray Feu in the New Town, and was employed by Lord Alva to continue the New Town westward. Alva Street (named for Lord Alva), which serves as a continuation of William Street and the Georgian grid, was constructed in 1830 and is a rare and fine example of Gillespie Graham's Georgian work.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Stafford Street itself was a joint development between the Erskine and Walker Estates. This has led to some confusion over who was responsible for the design, Robert Brown (Walker's architect) or Gillespie Graham (Erskine's architect). Experts believe it was Brown, as the architecture is simpler, while Gillespie Graham was known for his grand, and often more expensive, works.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alva_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3642728.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Alva_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3642728.jpg/220px-Alva_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3642728.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Alva_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3642728.jpg/330px-Alva_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3642728.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Alva_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3642728.jpg/440px-Alva_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3642728.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption> A row of town houses on Alva Street, highlighting the <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">neoclassical</a> work of Gillespie Graham</figcaption></figure> Gillespie Graham was also tasked with designing Queensferry Street, part of the Erskine Estate, which acts as the junction between the New Town and the new West End development. The north of Queensferry Street is where the West End meets the <a href="/wiki/Moray_Estate" title="Moray Estate">Moray Feu</a>. Here Queensferry Street overlooks Randolph Crescent Garden, one of the <a href="/wiki/New_Town_Gardens" title="New Town Gardens">New Town Gardens</a>, and formerly the location of the estate of the Earl of Moray. Randolph Crescent Garden was not part of the Moray Feu Estate gardens, and the land was not feued, as the Earl of Moray had hoped to extend the Moray Feu into the West End here and build a new city mansion for himself. As such, in 1825 several houses around this area of the Moray Estate had been purchased by the Heriot Trust on the advice of Gillespie Graham. The intention was to knock some of the houses down in order to extend the garden and roads to create a grand entrance from the Moray Estate into the West End development. By 1829, however, it was agreed that the prospect of the feuars agreeing to demolition or deviation from the original Moray Feu plan was so remote that it was not worth pursuing the plan, and the houses were sold at a considerable loss. By 1867 Lord Moray had sold the Randolph Crescent garden to the Feuers at Randolph Crescent, however it remains managed separately from the other Moray Estate gardens.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-portal.historicenvironment.scot-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WilliamStreet-Edinburgh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/WilliamStreet-Edinburgh.jpg/220px-WilliamStreet-Edinburgh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/WilliamStreet-Edinburgh.jpg/330px-WilliamStreet-Edinburgh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/WilliamStreet-Edinburgh.jpg/440px-WilliamStreet-Edinburgh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Shops on William Street</figcaption></figure> Randolph Place provides access from Melville Street into <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Square" title="Charlotte Square">Charlotte Square</a> and from there on to <a href="/wiki/George_Street,_Edinburgh" title="George Street, Edinburgh">George Street</a> in the New Town via two unassuming passages either side of the <a href="/wiki/West_Register_House" title="West Register House">West Register House</a>, constructed between 1811 and 1814. Robert Adam's original plan for the building included a grand rear entrance onto Randolph Place. However, when the funds could not be found for Adam's design, architect <a href="/wiki/Robert_Reid_(architect)" title="Robert Reid (architect)">Robert Reid</a> was called in to modify the plan. The modified plan placed attenuated pavilions flanking a Diocletian window above a Venetian window at the rear of the building overlooking Randolph Place, and although architect <a href="/wiki/David_Bryce" title="David Bryce">David Bryce</a> later drew up plans to add towers to the pavilions, this work was never carried out. Randolph Place therefore became a comparatively unimpressive entrance from the West End's Melville Street, into Charlotte Square.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> At the north of Queensferry Road is Lynedoch Place, built on land owned by Major James Weir and broadly completed by 1823 by architect James Milne. The Georgian terraces here are stepped into the slope, and command views over the Deane. This is also the location of the <a href="/wiki/Drumsheugh_Baths_Club" title="Drumsheugh Baths Club">Drumsheugh Baths Club</a>.<a href="#cite_note-portal.historicenvironment.scot-28">[28]</a> From here the road also splinters onto the <a href="/wiki/Dean_Bridge" title="Dean Bridge">Dean Bridge</a> constructed much later by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Telford" title="Thomas Telford">Thomas Telford</a>, and capped on the south side by what is now Deanbrae House (formerly an inn), and to the north by the Holy Trinity Church built in the late 1830s.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> This Georgian era central part of the West End is sometimes also known as "Western New Town" or the "West End Village".<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> The southern area of the new West End was developed separately under several different landowners.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping1-18">[18]</a> Rutland Square had been developed from the 1830s under the auspices of its owner Provost <a href="/wiki/John_Learmonth" title="John Learmonth">John Learmonth</a> who also owned much of the nearby <a href="/wiki/Dean_Village" title="Dean Village">Dean Village</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping2-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Victorian_Extension">The Victorian Extension</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The Victorian Extension">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Mary%27s_Cathedral_from_Melville_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral_from_Melville_Street.jpg/220px-St_Mary%27s_Cathedral_from_Melville_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral_from_Melville_Street.jpg/330px-St_Mary%27s_Cathedral_from_Melville_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral_from_Melville_Street.jpg/440px-St_Mary%27s_Cathedral_from_Melville_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>St Marys Cathedral Edinburgh from Melville St</figcaption></figure> The area west of Manor Place remained undeveloped until the 1860s.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping2-14">[14]</a> One of the few exceptions was in 1850, when <a href="/wiki/Sheriff_of_the_Lothians_and_Peebles" title="Sheriff of the Lothians and Peebles">Sheriff of the Lothians and Peebles</a> George Napier bought some of the land on the west of the estate for construction of a new "Coates Hall", designed by David Bryce as a small Baronial house.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Other than this, William Walker left the land north and south of his Easter Coates House home as garden ground and it remained such until the 1870s.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping1-18">[18]</a> The estate was inherited by William's son, Sir Patrick Walker, who also inherited his father's office of White Rod of the Scottish Parliament (an ancient office similar to <a href="/wiki/Black_Rod" title="Black Rod">Black Rod</a> in England). Sir Patrick expanded the Easter Coates House, often incorporating historic carved stones he had collected from demolished historic buildings in the Old Town. As well as a number of inscriptions there is a round-arched doorway and an elaborate double window with a pediment above, which is said to have come from the French Ambassador's Chapel in the Cowgate.<a href="#cite_note-deanvillage.org-16">[16]</a> After his death the Easter Coates House estate would be inherited by Sir Patrick's two spinster daughters: Mary and Barbara Walker. Devout Episcopalians, they donated the garden of Easter Coates House, and fully underwrote the entire cost of building an Episcopalian Cathedral as a centrepiece for the whole West End at the end of Melville Street. There had not been an <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican</a>/<a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Episcopal</a> Cathedral in Edinburgh since the Anglican Scottish Episcopal Church was disestablished as the <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">Church of State</a> in 1690, when the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Edinburgh" title="Bishop of Edinburgh">Bishop of Edinburgh</a> and congregation were removed from <a href="/wiki/St_Giles%27_Cathedral" title="St Giles' Cathedral">St Giles' Cathedral</a>, which was handed over to the <a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterian</a> <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Work began on the cathedral in 1873 under the supervision of <a href="/wiki/Walker_Trustees" title="Walker Trustees">The Walker Trust</a> and opened in 1879. It was named <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Edinburgh_(Episcopal)" title="St Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh (Episcopal)">St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral</a>. The Walker's funds did not cover the cost of all three spires. The two front spires were not added until 1917.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The Walker Trustees also received the office of White Rod, to be granted to the serving Bishop of Edinburgh, who holds the office <a href="/wiki/Ex_officio_member" title="Ex officio member">ex-officio</a> to this day.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> In 2011 the Walker Trustees found the regalia of the White Rod in a safety deposit box in the <a href="/wiki/Dundas_House" title="Dundas House">Royal Bank of Scotland Headquarters</a> and donated it for exhibition to the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Scotland" title="National Museum of Scotland">National Museum of Scotland</a>. The <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Music_School" title="St Mary's Music School">St Mary's Music School</a> was opened in 1880 in the West End as the Song School of St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral in 1880 to educate choristers for the cathedral. Napier's New Coates Hall meanwhile was purchased and turned into <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Theological_College" title="Edinburgh Theological College">Edinburgh Theological College</a> - the music school would move to this building in 1994. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drumsheugh_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2638991.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Drumsheugh_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2638991.jpg/220px-Drumsheugh_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2638991.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Drumsheugh_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2638991.jpg/330px-Drumsheugh_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2638991.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Drumsheugh_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2638991.jpg/440px-Drumsheugh_Gardens_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2638991.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Drumsheugh Gardens</figcaption></figure> Buildings constructed after the latter half of the 19th century are generally regarded as 'the Victorian Extension' of the West End. This includes Drumsheugh Gardens. Designed by <a href="/wiki/John_Lessels" title="John Lessels">John Lessels</a>, they were built around a private garden in the late 1870s, the square was named for the gardens of Drumsehugh House, the estate of the Earls of Moray which once stood on Randolph Crescent in the <a href="/wiki/Moray_Estate" title="Moray Estate">Moray Feu</a> and stretched into this area of the West End.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Additional Victorian crescents and terraces were built around this northern section of the West End as the Walker family sold off the land to the west of Easter Coates House in the 1860s, usually with a private garden as their central focal point in much the same way as the <a href="/wiki/New_Town_Gardens" title="New Town Gardens">New Town Gardens</a>. These included the 1860s Rothesay Terrace by <a href="/wiki/John_Dick_Peddie" title="John Dick Peddie">Peddie and Kinnear</a>, and the 1870s Eglinton, Glencairn, Grosvenor and Lansdowne Crescents by <a href="/wiki/John_Chesser_(architect)" title="John Chesser (architect)">John Chesser</a>.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Palmerston Place forms a junction between the older Georgian West End and the newer Victorian Extension. It extends into Douglas Gardens, developed in the 1890s and bounding the Waters of Leith.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In 1881 a grand 56 metre <a href="/wiki/Bell_tower" title="Bell tower">campanile</a> was added to <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Chapel_(Edinburgh)" title="Charlotte Chapel (Edinburgh)">St George's West Church</a> at Shandwick Place, described as "one of the icons of Scottish presbyterianism". The original church had been designed by David Bryce, however the stunning campanile was the work of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rowand_Anderson" title="Robert Rowand Anderson">Sir Robert Rowand Anderson</a>, one of Scotland's most renowned architects of the era. Anderson modelled the campanile after the one on the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_San_Giorgio_Maggiore,_Venice" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice">Church of San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Palladio" title="Andrea Palladio">Andrea Palladio</a> in 1467.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_North_West_End">The North West End</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The North West End">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_from_the_French_Institute_-_geograph.org.uk_-_574783.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/View_from_the_French_Institute_-_geograph.org.uk_-_574783.jpg/220px-View_from_the_French_Institute_-_geograph.org.uk_-_574783.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/View_from_the_French_Institute_-_geograph.org.uk_-_574783.jpg/330px-View_from_the_French_Institute_-_geograph.org.uk_-_574783.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/View_from_the_French_Institute_-_geograph.org.uk_-_574783.jpg/440px-View_from_the_French_Institute_-_geograph.org.uk_-_574783.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Looking into the North of the West End over the Dean Bridge</figcaption></figure> One part of the Victorian extension curves around north up the Queensferry Road, over the <a href="/wiki/Dean_Bridge" title="Dean Bridge">Dean Bridge</a>, and overlooking the <a href="/wiki/Dean_Village" title="Dean Village">Dean Village</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dean_Gardens,_Edinburgh" title="Dean Gardens, Edinburgh">Dean Gardens</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lord_Provost_of_Edinburgh" title="Lord Provost of Edinburgh">Lord Provost of Edinburgh</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Learmonth" title="John Learmonth">John Learmonth</a> built the Dean Bridge around 1838 with engineer Thomas Telford to open up his lands in the north of the West End. With architect <a href="/wiki/John_Tait_(architect)" title="John Tait (architect)">John Tait</a>, Learmonth developed Clarendon Crescent, named after the <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Clarendon" title="Earl of Clarendon">Earl of Clarendon</a> and based on <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Playfair" title="William Henry Playfair">William Henry Playfair</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Regent_Terrace" title="Regent Terrace">Regent Terrace</a>. The crescent disguised this side of the <a href="/wiki/Dean_Bridge" title="Dean Bridge">Dean Bridge</a> by raising ground levels to create a level platform for building.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-historicenvironment1-47">[47]</a> Following the success of Clarendon Crescent, further plans were drawn up for the flanking streets, which were to be called Oxford Terrace and Cambridge Terrace, after Britain's then leading universities. This development became slowed due to a dispute concerned with the steep slope next to the Dean Bridge where Cambridge Terrace would be built. At the time the steep slope was then used for sheep grazing and in places, had become disfigured with piles of building spoil. A number of nearby residents began a public subscription to purchase the slope, to improve the land and prevent the construction of Cambridge Terrace. As the dispute dragged out the name Cambridge was usurped by a development south of <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a> and the eastern terrace was instead called Eton Terrace after <a href="/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College">Eton College</a>. The slope would be landscaped, and become known as <a href="/wiki/Dean_Gardens,_Edinburgh" title="Dean Gardens, Edinburgh">The Eton Terrace Garden</a> (later renamed the Dean Gardens).<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-historicenvironment1-47">[47]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clarendon_Crescent_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697531.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Clarendon_Crescent_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697531.jpg/220px-Clarendon_Crescent_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697531.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Clarendon_Crescent_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697531.jpg/330px-Clarendon_Crescent_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697531.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Clarendon_Crescent_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697531.jpg/440px-Clarendon_Crescent_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697531.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="413" /></a><figcaption>Clarendon Crescent</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eton_Terrace_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697493.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Eton_Terrace_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697493.jpg/220px-Eton_Terrace_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697493.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Eton_Terrace_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697493.jpg/330px-Eton_Terrace_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697493.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Eton_Terrace_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697493.jpg/440px-Eton_Terrace_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2697493.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption>Eton Terrace</figcaption></figure> Due to delays and the bankruptcy of the Learmonth family the development of the rest of this land was much delayed. Following the bankruptcy of the Learmonth family, the land was purchased by <a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Steel" title="Sir James Steel">Sir James Steel</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Lord_Provost_of_Edinburgh" title="Lord Provost of Edinburgh">Lord Provost of Edinburgh</a> who made his fortune in the building trade. The plan for this area had been drawn up by architect <a href="/wiki/John_Chesser_(architect)" title="John Chesser (architect)">John Chesser</a>. The plan called for rows of well proportioned townhouses in much the same way as Tait had done with Clarendon Crescent, creating a corresponding crescent opposite called Buckingham Terrace, however Chesser oversaw only the construction of Learmonth Terrace as Steel preferred to use his own architect.<a href="#cite_note-historicenvironment2-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> At the far end of Learmonth Terrace is Learmonth House, designed by architect <a href="/wiki/James_Simpson_(Scottish_architect)" title="James Simpson (Scottish architect)">James Simpson</a>. It was designed in 1891 for Arthur Sanderson, the famous whisky distiller. In 1925 it was purchased to be the Headquarters of <a href="/wiki/No._603_Squadron_RAF" title="No. 603 Squadron RAF">603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron, Royal Auxiliary Air Force</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-historicenvironment2-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_South_West_End">The South West End</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The South West End">edit</a>]</div> The South West End - south of Shandwick Place, and across from Kings Stable Road to what is now Morrison Street - was once known as the Kings Garden due to its position against <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a>. By the 1400s it was known as Orchard Field. A significant part of this land was purchased towards the end of the 18th century; half by the Grindlay brothers, tanners on King's Stable Road, and the remaining half by the <a href="/wiki/Merchant_Company_of_Edinburgh" title="Merchant Company of Edinburgh">Merchant Company</a>. A patchwork of estates soon developed between Castle Rock and the <a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_Edinburgh" title="Haymarket, Edinburgh">Haymarket</a> which would form the south of the West End.<a href="#cite_note-gov.scot-53">[53]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Morrison_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_490231.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Morrison_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_490231.jpg/220px-Morrison_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_490231.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Morrison_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_490231.jpg/330px-Morrison_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_490231.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Morrison_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_490231.jpg/440px-Morrison_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_490231.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption>Morrison Street and the Edinburgh International Conference Centre</figcaption></figure> Most of the South West End was developed later than the West End Village in the north. Through the early 1800s, proposed canal and railway developments, plus the uncertainty about the New Western Approach road to the Old Town, made the South West End less desirable, and delayed the implementation of a number of development proposals to extend the New Town and West End Georgian terraces southward to <a href="/wiki/Tollcross,_Edinburgh" title="Tollcross, Edinburgh">Tollcross</a>. By the 1820s only two such schemes had begun, one on Morrison Street and the other known as Gardener's Crescent. The matching crescent opposite was never constructed because of the railway.<a href="#cite_note-gov.scot-53">[53]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">neoclassical</a> church was built in 1831, designed by architect <a href="/wiki/David_Bryce" title="David Bryce">David Bryce</a> for the <a href="/wiki/United_Presbyterian_Church_(Scotland)" title="United Presbyterian Church (Scotland)">United Presbyterian Church</a>, later becoming <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Filmhouse" title="Edinburgh Filmhouse">St Thomas</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a>, which counted <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Thomson_(minister)" title="Andrew Thomson (minister)">Andrew Thomson</a> amongst its ministers. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:.00_1211_The_Caledonian_-_Edinburgh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/.00_1211_The_Caledonian_-_Edinburgh.jpg/220px-.00_1211_The_Caledonian_-_Edinburgh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/.00_1211_The_Caledonian_-_Edinburgh.jpg/330px-.00_1211_The_Caledonian_-_Edinburgh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/.00_1211_The_Caledonian_-_Edinburgh.jpg/440px-.00_1211_The_Caledonian_-_Edinburgh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1660" /></a><figcaption>The West End skyline from Princes Street Gardens</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Princes_Street_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Princes Street railway station">Edinburgh Princes Street railway station</a> was built in the West End in the 1890s, and features a large, grand, railway hotel. The station was closed in 1965 but the hotel remains. Edinburgh's first <a href="/wiki/Electricity_generation" title="Electricity generation">power station</a> was built on the southern edge of the West End at Dewar Place off Morrison Street between 1894 and 1895.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping3-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dewar-55">[55]</a> The power station was <a href="/wiki/Coal-fired_power_station" title="Coal-fired power station">coal-fired</a> using fuel from the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Caledonian_Railway" title="Caledonian Railway">Caledonian Railway</a> yards adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Princes_Street_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Princes Street railway station">Edinburgh Princes Street railway station</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EdinburghMapping3-54">[54]</a> While the power station has since been dismantled, the area still serves as one of the main electricity substations in Edinburgh and the site is covered with a false frontage.<a href="#cite_note-Dewar-55">[55]</a> By the late 19th and early 20th century the South West End began to obtain a reputation for the arts. Stradling the South West End, Tolcross and the Old Town, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Lyceum_Theatre" title="Royal Lyceum Theatre">Royal Lyceum Theatre</a> was constructed in 1883.<a href="#cite_note-gov.scot-53">[53]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Usher_Hall" title="Usher Hall">Usher Hall</a>, a concert venue, would open in 1914 also straddling the Old Town, Tolcross and West End.<a href="#cite_note-scottish-places.info-56">[56]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Caley_Picture_House" title="Caley Picture House">Caley Picture House</a> meanwhile opened in 1923, and though it closed in 1984, now being occupied by a <a href="/wiki/Wetherspoons" title="Wetherspoons">Wetherspoons</a> pub of the same name, the West End maintained a connection to cinema with the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Filmhouse" title="Edinburgh Filmhouse">Edinburgh Filmhouse</a> in 1979 in Bryce's old church. Access to the South West End from Shandwick Place is via the Lothian Road, which was built to give easy access from the west end and Princes Street to as far down as <a href="/wiki/Fountainbridge" title="Fountainbridge">Fountainbridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Meadows,_Edinburgh" title="The Meadows, Edinburgh">The Meadows</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Shandwick Place originally comprised a terrace of 19th-century palace-fronted tenements by James Tait. By the late 19th century however Shandwick Place was redeveloped by a number of private developments, around the same time as the construction of the railway and Caledonia Hotel, which has left the small street with a distinct architectural feel compared to the surrounding Georgian era buildings. Architect <a href="/wiki/John_McLachlan_(architect)" title="John McLachlan (architect)">John McLachlan</a> developed numbers 52, 54 and 56 as some of his first works as a sole practitioner.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Following this re-development, Shandwick Place was famed for its art galleries, and connection to the turn of the century <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Colourists" title="Scottish Colourists">Scottish Colourists</a> who worked in the area.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> By the early 20th Century, Shandwick Place was a bustling high end shopping street, which also featured the flagship car showroom for the Rossleigh Car Company. Rossleigh held a <a href="/wiki/Royal_warrant_of_appointment" title="Royal warrant of appointment">royal warrant</a> as Motor Engineers to the King, and sold <a href="/wiki/Daimler_Company" title="Daimler Company">Daimler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce" title="Rolls-Royce">Rolls-Royce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley</a>, and many other high end motor vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history">Recent history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Recent history">edit</a>]</div> Although initially built as a residential district, from the mid 20th century many of the buildings in the West End were predominantly used for offices. Retail uses are concentrated on Shandwick Place, West Maitland Street, William Street and Queensferry Street where the area abuts the <a href="/wiki/Moray_Estate" title="Moray Estate">Moray Estate</a>. William Street is the only street which has a continual commercial ground floor of 19th-century character. The West End of Edinburgh has been synonymous with the arts since the late 19th century. In 1876, the Albert Gallery was built on Shandwick Place, styled as the Albert Institute of the <a href="/wiki/Fine_art" title="Fine art">Fine Arts</a>. The institute was intended to promote the encouragement of fine art in general, and contemporary Scottish art in particular. Today it is used as offices.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SNGMA_The_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/SNGMA_The_Building.jpg/220px-SNGMA_The_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/SNGMA_The_Building.jpg/330px-SNGMA_The_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/SNGMA_The_Building.jpg/440px-SNGMA_The_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>SNGMA The Building</figcaption></figure> In 1984 the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Gallery_of_Modern_Art" title="Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art">Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art</a> opened at its present site, Modern One on Belford Road to the west of the West End Village. In March 1999, the National Galleries of Scotland opened Modern Two across the road from Modern One as a sister gallery.<a href="#cite_note-nationalgalleries.org-64">[64]</a> In 1998, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a> purchased a two-story townhouse, Number 2 Rothesay Terrace, in the West End for use as an official residence for the <a href="/wiki/Moderator_of_the_General_Assembly_of_the_Church_of_Scotland" title="Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland">Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> From 1999 until 2020, the address at 1 Melville Crescent served as the Edinburgh home of the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Secretary of State for Scotland">Secretary of State for Scotland</a>, until the office was moved to the Queen Elizabeth House building in the Old Town.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Prior to the UK's <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> vote the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> had their European Commission Representation in Scotland at 9 Alva Street in the West End.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> The office was closed and the flag taken down in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Around 2019, the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Edinburgh_Council" title="City of Edinburgh Council">City of Edinburgh Council</a> began to hold public consultations on improving the Randolph Place entrance onto Melville Street into the West End Village from Charlotte Square, via the passages either side of West Register House. Suggestions included removing parking, resurfacing the <a href="/wiki/Sett_(paving)" title="Sett (paving)">setts</a>, or the addition of green space and public art, and the possibility of a cycle route.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Gallery,_Shandwick_Place,_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1711553.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Albert_Gallery%2C_Shandwick_Place%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1711553.jpg/220px-Albert_Gallery%2C_Shandwick_Place%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1711553.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Albert_Gallery%2C_Shandwick_Place%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1711553.jpg/330px-Albert_Gallery%2C_Shandwick_Place%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1711553.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Albert_Gallery%2C_Shandwick_Place%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1711553.jpg/440px-Albert_Gallery%2C_Shandwick_Place%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1711553.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Albert Gallery, Shandwick Place</figcaption></figure> In the South West End, a complex of buildings was opened in the mid-1980s on the site that formerly housed the Princes Street Station goods shed. Called The Exchange, it was designed by <a href="/wiki/Terry_Farrell_(architect)" title="Terry Farrell (architect)">Sir Terry Farrell</a> and includes the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_International_Conference_Centre" title="Edinburgh International Conference Centre">Edinburgh International Conference Centre</a>, a Sheraton Grand hotel, a cutting edge Spa facility, bars and restaurants, and a number of offices for financial firms, lawyers, and banks.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> By 1984, the space opposite the Usher Hall in the West End (formerly the site of the goods shed for the Princes Street Railway Station) would be laid out as a new piazza-style square. The square was intended to connect the space around the Usher Hall with the space created by The Exchange development and adjoining buildings to create a large public space for the city's <a href="/wiki/List_of_Edinburgh_festivals" title="List of Edinburgh festivals">festivals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Festival_Fringe" title="Edinburgh Festival Fringe">fringe</a>. The success of the square has been mixed, with many critics claiming the busy Lothian Road makes the two spaces feel very separate. To counteract this criticism in 2019 plans were drawn up to part or fully pedestrianize the road by the square, and redirect traffic around this part of the Lothian Road.<a href="#cite_note-gov.scot-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-scottish-places.info-56">[56]</a> In 2021, due to the growth of the Edinburgh Film Festival, plans were submitted to build a contemporary tower caped in video-capable screens, with underground <a href="/wiki/Movie_theater" title="Movie theater">cinema</a> space and rooftop terraces, in Festival Square to be operated by the Edinburgh Film Festival organisers.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Access to the South West End, from Atholl Crescent and the West End tram stop, is via Canning Street. It appears the original intention for Canning Street was to extend the surrounding Georgian terraced properties. Number 2 Canning Street appears to have been built as a Georgian tenement. The plan seems to have been abandoned due to uncertainty around prospective rail, road and canal developments. Number 2 Canning Street was later converted to a whisky <a href="/wiki/Bonded_warehouse" title="Bonded warehouse">bonded warehouse</a> (it is as of 2022 a block of high end apartments). The gaps this left were filled in during the Victorian era, and later 1960s/70s with different priorities in mind. In recent years this has led to the assessment that these buildings - predominantly <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">infrastructure</a> and office space - are unsympathetic in terms of style, scale and massing with the rest of the area. These buildings, while overlooking the streets at ground floor level, do not provide activity and hence the streets have a feeling of emptiness. Attempts have been made in recent years to improve this street and increase foot traffic down it. At the rear of Canning Street for example, there are electricity sub stations which through the use of lighting have been turned into “public art”.<a href="#cite_note-gov.scot-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_map.png/220px-Edinburgh_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_map.png/330px-Edinburgh_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Edinburgh_map.png/440px-Edinburgh_map.png 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="573" /></a><figcaption>Map of the city, showing the West End - the section in orange inside the red line (the red line demarks the outline of the Edinburgh UNESCO World Heritage Site.)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Belford_Bridge,_Edinburgh,_Scotland,_UK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Belford_Bridge%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland%2C_UK.jpg/220px-Belford_Bridge%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland%2C_UK.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Belford_Bridge%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland%2C_UK.jpg/330px-Belford_Bridge%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland%2C_UK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Belford_Bridge%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland%2C_UK.jpg/440px-Belford_Bridge%2C_Edinburgh%2C_Scotland%2C_UK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5684" data-file-height="8039" /></a><figcaption>Water of Leith in the West End</figcaption></figure> The West End is located at the western edge of the centre of Edinburgh, to the west of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Old Town</a> and largely contiguous with the <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh">New Town</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Dean_Village" title="Dean Village">Dean Village</a> is surrounded by the north of the West End to its south, east, and west, sharing only its northern boundary with Ravelston. The West End is also bordered by the <a href="/wiki/Stockbridge,_Edinburgh" title="Stockbridge, Edinburgh">Stockbridge</a> district to the north east, and <a href="/wiki/Ravelston" title="Ravelston">Ravelston</a> district is to the north west. <a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_Edinburgh" title="Haymarket, Edinburgh">Haymarket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murrayfield" title="Murrayfield">Murrayfield</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Coates" title="West Coates">West Coates</a> are directly west of the West End. <a href="/wiki/Fountainbridge" title="Fountainbridge">Fountainbridge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tollcross,_Edinburgh" title="Tollcross, Edinburgh">Tollcross</a> are the districts to the south.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> The primarily Georgian section of the West End in the north forms part of Edinburgh's <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> along with the rest of the New Town.<a href="#cite_note-WorldHeritage-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:West_End_hotels,_Princes_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1325565.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/West_End_hotels%2C_Princes_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1325565.jpg/220px-West_End_hotels%2C_Princes_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1325565.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/West_End_hotels%2C_Princes_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1325565.jpg/330px-West_End_hotels%2C_Princes_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1325565.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/West_End_hotels%2C_Princes_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1325565.jpg/440px-West_End_hotels%2C_Princes_Street_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1325565.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Rutland Place</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Water_of_Leith" title="Water of Leith">Water of Leith</a> is the main river in Edinburgh city centre, and flows through the West End. The Belford Bridge is the main crossing into the West End from the west. The Dean Bridge, allows traffic to cross from the south of the West End into the North. Shandwick Place, Princes Street, Queensferry Road, and the Lothian Road all coalesce on the eastern side of the West End at Rutland Place, forming an important junction in Edinburgh. The positioning of the <a href="/wiki/Johnnie_Walker" title="Johnnie Walker">Johnnie Walker</a> building (formerly <a href="/wiki/House_of_Fraser" title="House of Fraser">Frasers</a>) and <a href="/wiki/St_John%27s,_Edinburgh" title="St John's, Edinburgh">St John's Church</a> on the New Town side, along with <a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_Edinburgh_-_The_Caledonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Waldorf Astoria Edinburgh - The Caledonian">The Caledonian Hotel</a> and The Rutland Hotel on the West End side, give this junction the feel of a large public square. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Governance">edit</a>]</div> The West End is served by the West End <a href="/wiki/Community_council#Scotland" title="Community council">Community Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> The south of the West End falls into the <a href="/wiki/City_Centre_(Edinburgh_ward)" title="City Centre (Edinburgh ward)">City Centre</a> council ward, while the north comes under the <a href="/wiki/Inverleith_(Edinburgh_ward)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inverleith (Edinburgh ward)">Inverleith</a> ward for elections to the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Edinburgh_Council" title="City of Edinburgh Council">City of Edinburgh Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The West End falls under the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Central_(Scottish_Parliament_constituency)" title="Edinburgh Central (Scottish Parliament constituency)">Edinburgh Central Scottish Parliament constituency</a>. For UK Parliamentary Elections, most of the West End falls under the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_North_and_Leith_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Edinburgh North and Leith (UK Parliament constituency)">Edinburgh North and Leith constituency</a>, while some of the south of the West End falls under either the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_South_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Edinburgh South West (UK Parliament constituency)">Edinburgh South West</a> or <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency)">Edinburgh West constituencies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> The West End is home to a large number of offices, shops, restaurants, bars and cultural venues.<a href="#cite_note-TheWestEnd-2">[2]</a> In recent history the West End has become associated with <a href="/wiki/Bohemianism" title="Bohemianism">Bohemianism</a> and the arts. The <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Filmhouse" title="Edinburgh Filmhouse">Edinburgh Filmhouse</a> opened in the 1970s and is home to the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_International_Film_Festival" title="Edinburgh International Film Festival">Edinburgh International Film Festival</a>, the world's oldest continually running film festival.<a href="#cite_note-edinburgh.org-5">[5]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Scottish_Arts_Club&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Scottish Arts Club (page does not exist)">The Scottish Arts Club</a>, which opened in 1873 has retained a home on 24 Rutland Square.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> The West End is also home to a number of venues for the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Festival_Fringe" title="Edinburgh Festival Fringe">Edinburgh Festival Fringe</a>, as well as hosting the Edinburgh Festival West End Fair, Edinburgh's largest Arts, Crafts and Design Fair.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Gallery_of_Modern_Art" title="Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art">Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art</a> has both galleries in the West End - Modern One and Modern Two - to the west of the West End Village.<a href="#cite_note-nationalgalleries.org-64">[64]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rutland_Square._-_geograph.org.uk_-_72360.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Rutland_Square._-_geograph.org.uk_-_72360.jpg/220px-Rutland_Square._-_geograph.org.uk_-_72360.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Rutland_Square._-_geograph.org.uk_-_72360.jpg/330px-Rutland_Square._-_geograph.org.uk_-_72360.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Rutland_Square._-_geograph.org.uk_-_72360.jpg/440px-Rutland_Square._-_geograph.org.uk_-_72360.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Rutland Square - home to a number of consulates</figcaption></figure> The West End is popular with tourists, and has several <a href="/wiki/Hotels" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotels">hotels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hostels" class="mw-redirect" title="Hostels">hostels</a>, including the Bonham (on Drumsheugh Gardens), the Edinburgh Grosvenor (on Grosvenor Street), the Guards Hotel, and the Haymarket Hub hotel (on Haymarket Street), and the Thistle Hotel (on Manor Place). William Street has become a popular tourist shopping destination, mainly because of the 19th-century-style shopfronts. It is known for its upmarket independent fashion boutiques comparable to London's <a href="/wiki/Notting_Hill" title="Notting Hill">Notting Hill</a>. It has also become a location sought after by <a href="/wiki/Location_scouting" title="Location scouting">location scouts</a> in the film industry.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> The food and drink sector is also prominent in the West End, with a number of restaurants across the district, and the Edinburgh tasting room of fine wine merchant <a href="/wiki/Justerini_%26_Brooks" title="Justerini & Brooks">Justerini & Brooks</a> on Alva Street.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> The West End contains several <a href="/wiki/Consulate" title="Consulate">consulates</a> and <a href="/wiki/High_commissioner_(Commonwealth)" title="High commissioner (Commonwealth)">High Commissions</a>, including those of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (on Eglinton Crescent), <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> (on Manor Place), <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (on Drumsheugh Gardens), <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> (on Rutland Square), and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> (on Melville Street).<a href="#cite_note-GermanyConsulate-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-SwissConsulate-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-TurkishConsulate-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-IndiaConsulate-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-NorwayConsulate-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-NZConsulate-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-ItalyConsulate-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-RussiaConsulate-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-TaiwanConsulate-97">[97]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_International_Conference_Centre" title="Edinburgh International Conference Centre">Edinburgh International Conference Centre</a> is located in the South West End in the Exchange District, a regenerated business district that opened in the mid-1990s. Large employers in the West End include <a href="/wiki/Standard_Life" title="Standard Life">Standard Life</a>, whose headquarters is located on the western side of Lothian Road.<a href="#cite_note-StandardLife-98">[98]</a> The Exchange Tower in the West End is central Edinburgh's tallest building.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> This part of the West End is also home to <a href="/wiki/News_media" title="News media">news media</a> outlets and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Scotland-based_production_companies" title="List of Scotland-based production companies">film and television production companies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_community">Culture and community</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Culture and community">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Usher_Hall,_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_149973.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/The_Usher_Hall%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_149973.jpg/220px-The_Usher_Hall%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_149973.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/The_Usher_Hall%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_149973.jpg/330px-The_Usher_Hall%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_149973.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/The_Usher_Hall%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_149973.jpg/440px-The_Usher_Hall%2C_Edinburgh_-_geograph.org.uk_-_149973.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The Usher Hall from Festival Square, separated by the Lothian Road</figcaption></figure> The West End is associated with a number of arts movements, and is one of the key locations during the Edinburgh Fringe Festival. The district has also been <a href="/wiki/Gay_villages_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Gay villages in the United Kingdom">associated</a> with the <a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBTQ</a> community, and hosts a number of highly rated LGBTQ friendly hotels. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums_and_Libraries">Museums and Libraries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Museums and Libraries">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Incorporated_Trades_of_Edinburgh" title="Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh">Museum of the Incorporated Trades of Edinburgh</a> - the ancient body of craftsmen of Edinburgh with a history dating back past 1424 - is at their headquarters at Ashfield House, number 61 Melville Street in the West End Village. On the ground floor there are four rooms, three of which house the museum collection of artefacts and the Convenery's Hall; the fourth room houses the library and archive.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> The Library of Mistakes established by group of Edinburgh financiers, "founded to promote the study of financial history" and "dedicated to learning from financial fiascos and failures" is on Melville Street Lane in the West End.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_galleries">Art galleries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Art galleries">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Gallery_of_Modern_Art" title="Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art">Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art</a> lies on the far north-western edge of the West End, adjacent to the Dean Village.<a href="#cite_note-Gallery-106">[106]</a> The Gallery is split across two buildings; the former <a href="/wiki/John_Watson%27s_Institution" title="John Watson's Institution">John Watson's Institution</a> known as Modern One and <a href="/wiki/Modern_Two" title="Modern Two">Modern Two</a> in a former orphan hospital.<a href="#cite_note-Gallery-106">[106]</a> They can be accessed from the West End by foot via a footbridge on the Water of Leith walkway, or road via the Belford Bridge in the Dean Village. There are also a number of private art galleries across the district. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Screen_and_stage">Screen and stage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Screen and stage">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Filmhouse" title="Edinburgh Filmhouse">Edinburgh Filmhouse</a> is based in the West End of Edinburgh and hosts the Edinburgh Film Festival. The <a href="/wiki/Usher_Hall" title="Usher Hall">Usher Hall</a> concert venue, <a href="/wiki/Traverse_Theatre" title="Traverse Theatre">Traverse Theatre</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Lyceum_Theatre" title="Royal Lyceum Theatre">Royal Lyceum Theatre</a> are on the South West End and Old Town border in Festival Square, separated by the Lothian Road. The South West End is also home to the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_International_Conference_Centre" title="Edinburgh International Conference Centre">Edinburgh International Conference Centre</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parks_and_public_spaces">Parks and public spaces</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Parks and public spaces">edit</a>]</div> The West End Village contains several parks and gardens within the <a href="/wiki/New_Town_Gardens" title="New Town Gardens">New Town Gardens</a> heritage designation, but the majority are in private ownership. Private green areas include the <a href="/wiki/Dean_Gardens,_Edinburgh" title="Dean Gardens, Edinburgh">Dean Gardens</a>, Drumsheugh Gardens (named after the <a href="/wiki/Francis_Stuart,_10th_Earl_of_Moray" title="Francis Stuart, 10th Earl of Moray">Earl of Moray's</a> home Drumsheugh), Rothesay Terrace Gardens, Magdala Crescent Gardens, and Eglinton and Glencairn Crescents’ Gardens (opened 1877).<a href="#cite_note-Drumsheugh-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-Parks&Gardens-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-Eglinton-109">[109]</a> Rutland Square is a private square gardens completed in the 1830s.<a href="#cite_note-RutlandSquare-110">[110]</a> Atholl Crescent Gardens (sometimes known as Coates Crescent Gardens) are public gardens within the New Town Garden heritage designation laid out in a crescent form in the 1820s, divided by Shandwick Place.<a href="#cite_note-AthollCrescent-111">[111]</a> The gardens contain a large memorial statue of <a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">William Ewart Gladstone</a> by <a href="/wiki/James_Pittendrigh_Macgillivray" title="James Pittendrigh Macgillivray">James Pittendrigh Macgillivray</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GlastoneMemorial-112">[112]</a> The statue was unveiled in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> in 1917 and moved to its present location in 1955.<a href="#cite_note-GlastoneMemorial-112">[112]</a> On the north West End, and Easter Coates border is the Edinburgh Life Tribute at the AIDS Memorial Park on the Water of Leith. Since World AIDS Day 2004, the 'Life Tribute' is a place has been dedicated to remember all those affected by HIV/AIDS. It's a permanent site, situated on the Water of Leith Walkway, behind the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Gallery_of_Modern_Art" title="Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art">Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Architecture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1-_14_Atholl_Crescent_in_Edinburgh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/1-_14_Atholl_Crescent_in_Edinburgh.jpg/220px-1-_14_Atholl_Crescent_in_Edinburgh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/1-_14_Atholl_Crescent_in_Edinburgh.jpg/330px-1-_14_Atholl_Crescent_in_Edinburgh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/1-_14_Atholl_Crescent_in_Edinburgh.jpg/440px-1-_14_Atholl_Crescent_in_Edinburgh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3088" data-file-height="2056" /></a><figcaption>Georgian terrace houses on Atholl Crescent in Edinburgh</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Cockburn_Association" title="Cockburn Association">Cockburn Association</a> (Edinburgh Civic Trust) is prominent in campaigning to preserve the architectural integrity of the West End. The West End is a large draw to tourists and visitors to Edinburgh. The Georgian architecture of the New Town and the West End together form the largest area of Georgian architecture in Europe, and it is part of what gives Edinburgh its UNESCO World Heritage Site status. It was referred to as "the Scottish Enlightenment in stone" and "the Athens of the North".<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Both the medieval Easter Coates House and later gothic St Mary's Cathedral provide a contrast to the Georgian architecture. The West End has a heritage trail that includes signs exploring famous places and residents of the West End.<a href="#cite_note-WorldHeritage-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clubs_and_societies">Clubs and societies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Clubs and societies">edit</a>]</div> A number of clubs and societies are based in the West End, including <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Club,_Edinburgh" title="Conservative Club, Edinburgh">The Scottish Liberal Club</a> (after their relocation from Princes Street), the <a href="/wiki/Scots_Guards" title="Scots Guards">Scots Guards Club</a>, the Scottish Arts Club (founded in 1873), and the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Chess_Club" title="Edinburgh Chess Club">Edinburgh Chess Club</a>.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> A number of sports clubs also exist in the West End, including the <a href="/wiki/Drumsheugh_Baths_Club" title="Drumsheugh Baths Club">Drumsheugh Baths Club</a>, and the Edinburgh Sports Club - a racket sports club opened in 1936.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_practice">Medical practice</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Medical practice">edit</a>]</div> The West End Medical Practice is the local GP surgery under <a href="/wiki/NHS_Scotland" title="NHS Scotland">NHS Scotland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WestEndMedical-121">[121]</a> Designed by <a href="/wiki/Page/Park_Architects" class="mw-redirect" title="Page/Park Architects">Page\Park Architects</a>, the practice opened in 2014 in a new purpose built complex at a cost of £4 million.<a href="#cite_note-WestEndMedical2-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Transport">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_trams,_Shandwick_Place.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Edinburgh_trams%2C_Shandwick_Place.JPG/220px-Edinburgh_trams%2C_Shandwick_Place.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Edinburgh_trams%2C_Shandwick_Place.JPG/330px-Edinburgh_trams%2C_Shandwick_Place.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Edinburgh_trams%2C_Shandwick_Place.JPG/440px-Edinburgh_trams%2C_Shandwick_Place.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Edinburgh trams, Shandwick Place</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rail">edit</a>]</div> Since the closure of the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Princes_Street_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Princes Street railway station">Princes Street railway station</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haymarket_railway_station" title="Haymarket railway station">Haymarket</a> station on the West End/<a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_Edinburgh" title="Haymarket, Edinburgh">Haymarket</a> border serves as the nearest railway station for most of the area. The station opened in 1842 and was the original <a href="/wiki/Terminal_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Terminal station">terminus</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_and_Glasgow_Railway" title="Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway">Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway</a>, however as the line was extended it became an intermediate station on the extension to <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Princes_Street_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Princes Street railway station">Princes Street Railway Station</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Waverley_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Waverley railway station">Edinburgh Waverley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Haymarket1-123">[123]</a> An extensive refurbishment of Haymarket Station, with the addition of a new concourse and entrance was completed in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-Haymarket2-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tram">Tram</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Tram">edit</a>]</div> The island tram stop at Coates Crescent on Shandwick Place was named West End - Princes Street prior to opening at the request of local traders.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> As this stop sits on a <a href="/wiki/Railroad_switch" title="Railroad switch">switching point</a>, it can act as an eastern terminus when Princes Street is closed to traffic. The Princes Street suffix was dropped in 2019 and the stop is now known as West End.<a href="#cite_note-HWestEndTram-126">[126]</a> West End <table class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:97%; border-top: 0px none;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="vertical-align: middle; width: 30%; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-left: none; border-bottom: none;">Preceding station </th> <th style="border: none; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">  </th> <th style="vertical-align: middle; border: none; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Trams" title="Edinburgh Trams">Edinburgh Trams</a> </th> <th style="border: none; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">  </th> <th style="vertical-align: middle; width: 30%; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-right: none; border-bottom: none;">Following station </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: middle; text-align:center; border-left: 0px none; border-right: 1px #aaa solid; border-top: 1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:0px none;"><a href="/wiki/Princes_Street" title="Princes Street">Princes Street</a> towards <a href="/wiki/Newhaven,_Edinburgh" title="Newhaven, Edinburgh">Newhaven</a> </td> <td style="background:#8D122A; color:inherit; border-left: 0px none; border-right: 0px none; border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:0px none;">  </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; border-left: 1px #aaa solid; border-right: 1px #aaa solid; border-top:solid 1px #aaa; border-bottom:0px none;">Newhaven - Edinburgh Airport </td> <td style="background:#8D122A; color:inherit; border-left: 0px none; border-right: 0px none; border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:0px none;">  </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align: middle; text-align:center; border-left: 1px #aaa solid; border-right: 0px none; border-top: 1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:0px none;"><a href="/wiki/Haymarket_railway_station" title="Haymarket railway station">Haymarket</a> towards <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Airport_tram_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburgh Airport tram stop">Airport</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buses">Buses</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Buses">edit</a>]</div> The Shandwick Place/ Maitland Street corridor is well-served by <a href="/wiki/Lothian_Buses" title="Lothian Buses">Lothian Buses</a> and other operators with destinations out with Edinburgh. All buses eastwards go to <a href="/wiki/Princes_Street" title="Princes Street">Princes Street</a>, where there are easy links to the Lothian Road corridor. Westward routes split at Haymarket: either to the Gorgie/Dalry district or westwards to Roseburn, Murrayfield, and Corstorphine. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stewart%27s_Melville_College_2015.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Stewart%27s_Melville_College_2015.JPG/220px-Stewart%27s_Melville_College_2015.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Stewart%27s_Melville_College_2015.JPG/330px-Stewart%27s_Melville_College_2015.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Stewart%27s_Melville_College_2015.JPG/440px-Stewart%27s_Melville_College_2015.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Stewart's Melville College</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Music_School" title="St Mary's Music School">St Mary's Music School</a> is a mixed <a href="/wiki/Music_schools_in_Scotland" title="Music schools in Scotland">music school</a> in the West End, established in 1880.<a href="#cite_note-Edge-127">[127]</a> The Song School and Walpole Hall are listed buildings, containing murals by <a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Anna_Traquair" title="Phoebe Anna Traquair">Phoebe Anna Traquair</a> and designed by the architects <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rowand_Anderson" title="Robert Rowand Anderson">Robert Rowand Anderson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lorimer" title="Robert Lorimer">Robert Lorimer</a> respectively.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> The West End has no <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Scotland" title="Education in Scotland">State primary or secondary schools</a> within its geographical area; the nearest primary schools are Dalry Primary School in <a href="/wiki/Dalry,_Edinburgh" title="Dalry, Edinburgh">Dalry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tollcross_Primary_School" title="Tollcross Primary School">Tollcross Primary School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tollcross,_Edinburgh" title="Tollcross, Edinburgh">Tollcross</a>, and the nearest secondary schools are <a href="/wiki/Boroughmuir_High_School" title="Boroughmuir High School">Boroughmuir High School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Broughton_High_School,_Edinburgh" title="Broughton High School, Edinburgh">Broughton High School</a>. Torphichen Street School was a combined infant and juvenile school in the West End built in 1887, but it was closed in the 20th century and converted to offices.<a href="#cite_note-TorSchool-129">[129]</a> The West End is well served for <a href="/wiki/Private_school" title="Private school">private schools</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stewart%27s_Melville_College" title="Stewart's Melville College">Stewart's Melville College</a>, an independent day and boarding school established in 1832 (at one time based on Melville Street) now sits on the northern border of the district with Ravelston.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Several other private schools, such as <a href="/wiki/Fettes_College" title="Fettes College">Fettes College</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_School,_Edinburgh" title="St George's School, Edinburgh">St George's School</a> lie within walking distance in neighboring districts of the West End Village.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palmerston_Place_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4401336.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Palmerston_Place_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4401336.jpg/220px-Palmerston_Place_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4401336.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Palmerston_Place_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4401336.jpg/330px-Palmerston_Place_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4401336.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Palmerston_Place_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4401336.jpg/440px-Palmerston_Place_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4401336.jpg 2x" data-file-width="502" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Palmerston Place Church Edinburgh (completed 1875)</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Edinburgh_(Episcopal)" title="St Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh (Episcopal)">St Mary's Cathedral</a> is a late 19th-century <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a> in the West End.<a href="#cite_note-StMarys-132">[132]</a> It is designed in the <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic style</a> by <a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Gilbert_Scott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir George Gilbert Scott">Sir George Gilbert Scott</a> and is a Category A <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed building</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> Reaching 90 metres (295 ft), its spire makes the building the <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_Edinburgh" title="List of tallest buildings and structures in Edinburgh">tallest in the Edinburgh urban area</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Chapel_(Edinburgh)" title="Charlotte Chapel (Edinburgh)">St George's West Church</a>, formerly of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a>, now a Baptist chapel, is located on the corner of Shandwick Place and Stafford Street in the West End. Construction of the church began in 1867 to designs by <a href="/wiki/David_Bryce" title="David Bryce">David Bryce</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Baroque" title="Roman Baroque">Roman Baroque</a> style.<a href="#cite_note-StGeorgeWest-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-StGeorgeWest2-136">[136]</a> The 56m tower in the south-west corner was completed by 1882 under <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rowand_Anderson" title="Robert Rowand Anderson">Robert Rowand Anderson</a>, in the form of a Venetian campanile, modeled on that of <a href="/wiki/San_Giorgio_Maggiore" title="San Giorgio Maggiore">San Giorgio Maggiore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-StGeorgeWest-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-StGeorgeWest2-136">[136]</a> Palmerston Place Church is an <a href="/wiki/Italianate_architecture" title="Italianate architecture">Italianate</a>-style church designed by <a href="/wiki/John_Dick_Peddie" title="John Dick Peddie">John Dick Peddie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kinnear" title="Charles Kinnear">Charles Kinnear</a>, and completed in 1875.<a href="#cite_note-PalmPlaceChurch-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> Services are provided by the Church of Scotland.<a href="#cite_note-PalmChurchWebsite-139">[139]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output 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0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotland.org.uk/guide/places/randolph-crescent">"Randolph Crescent Visitor Guide, Hotels, Cottages, Things to do in Scotland"</a>. scotland.org.uk.</cite><span 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The Scottish Episcopal Church.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Scottish+Episcopal+Church&rft.atitle=Terms+%26+Conditions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotland.anglican.org%2Fterms-conditions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> The Closes and Wynds of Edinburgh: The Old Edinburgh Club </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotland.org.uk/guide/castles/easter-coates-house">"Easter Coates House"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Easter+Coates+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotland.org.uk%2Fguide%2Fcastles%2Feaster-coates-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EdinburghMapping2-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EdinburghMapping2_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdinburghMapping2_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EdinburghMapping2_14-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFleetMacCannell2018" class="citation book cs1">Fleet, Chris; MacCannell, Daniel (2018). 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Drumsheughgardens.org.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Drumsheughgardens.org.uk&rft.atitle=About+us&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdrumsheughgardens.org.uk%2FHistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thebonham.com/about/history/#:~:text=The%20Drumsheugh%20Gardens%20triangle%20was,as%20a%20mere%20£6000">"The History of The Bonham"</a>. Thebonham.com. Retrieved 25 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thebonham.com&rft.atitle=The+History+of+The+Bonham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthebonham.com%2Fabout%2Fhistory%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520Drumsheugh%2520Gardens%2520triangle%2520was%2Cas%2520a%2520mere%2520%C2%A36000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB28676">"23-37 (Inclusive Numbers) Drumsheugh Gardens, Including Mews, Boundary Walls and Ancillary Buildings to Rear (Lynedoch Place Lane) (Lb28676)"</a>. Portal.historicenvironment.scot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portal.historicenvironment.scot&rft.atitle=23-37+%28Inclusive+Numbers%29+Drumsheugh+Gardens%2C+Including+Mews%2C+Boundary+Walls+and+Ancillary+Buildings+to+Rear+%28Lynedoch+Place+Lane%29+%28Lb28676%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB28676&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB29667">"1, 2 Rothesay Terrace (Lb29667)"</a>. Portal.historicenvironment.scot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portal.historicenvironment.scot&rft.atitle=1%2C+2+Rothesay+Terrace+%28Lb29667%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB29667&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB28658">"1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Douglas Gardens, Including Railings (Lb28658)"</a>. Portal.historicenvironment.scot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Portal.historicenvironment.scot&rft.atitle=1%2C+2%2C+3%2C+4%2C+5+Douglas+Gardens%2C+Including+Railings+%28Lb28658%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB28658&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scotsman.com/news/kirk-gives-its-blessing-sale-st-georges-894725">"Kirk gives its blessing to sale of St George's"</a>. Scotsman.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scotsman.com&rft.atitle=Kirk+gives+its+blessing+to+sale+of+St+George%27s&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scotsman.com%2Fnews%2Fkirk-gives-its-blessing-sale-st-georges-894725&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edinphoto.org.uk/0_buildings_s/0_buildings_-_st_georges_west.htm">"Buildings - St George's West, Shandwick Place, Edinburgh"</a>. Edinphoto.org.uk. Retrieved 25 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Edinphoto.org.uk&rft.atitle=Buildings+-+St+George%27s+West%2C+Shandwick+Place%2C+Edinburgh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edinphoto.org.uk%2F0_buildings_s%2F0_buildings_-_st_georges_west.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB29247">"9-24 (Inclusive Numbers) Learmonth Terrace, Including Railings (Lb29247)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=9-24+%28Inclusive+Numbers%29+Learmonth+Terrace%2C+Including+Railings+%28Lb29247%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB29247&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-historicenvironment1-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-historicenvironment1_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-historicenvironment1_47-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB28544">"1-22 (Inclusive Nos) Clarendon Crescent and 1, 1A Oxford Terrace, Including Railings (Lb28544)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1-22+%28Inclusive+Nos%29+Clarendon+Crescent+and+1%2C+1A+Oxford+Terrace%2C+Including+Railings+%28Lb28544%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB28544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB28737">"1-13 (Inclusive Nos) Eton Terrace, Including Railings (Lb28737)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1-13+%28Inclusive+Nos%29+Eton+Terrace%2C+Including+Railings+%28Lb28737%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB28737&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deangardens.org/library.asp">"The Dean Gardens | Description and History"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Dean+Gardens+%26%23124%3B+Description+and+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deangardens.org%2Flibrary.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-historicenvironment2-50">^ <a 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Numbers) Buckingham Terrace, Including Railings and Boundary Walls (Lb28405)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1-34+%28Inclusive+Numbers%29+Buckingham+Terrace%2C+Including+Railings+and+Boundary+Walls+%28Lb28405%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB28405&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.doorsopendays.org.uk/places/edinburgh/603-city-of-edinburgh-squadron-royal-auxiliary-air-force/">"603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron, Royal Auxiliary Air Force"</a>.</cite><span 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href="https://www.gov.scot/binaries/content/documents/govscot/publications/factsheet/2018/06/city-edinburgh-council-planning-authority-core-documents/documents/conservation-character-appraisals/west-end/west-end/govscot%3Adocument/West_End_Conservation_Area_Character_Appraisal.pdf">"West End Conservation Area Character Appraisal"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 19 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CHESTER+STREET+AND+PALMERSTON+PLACE%2C+ST+MARY%27S+CATHEDRAL+%28EPISCOPAL%29%2C+WALPOLE+HALL+AND+SONG+SCHOOL+%28Category+A+Listed+Building%29+%28LB27448%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB27448&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TorSchool-129"><a href="#cite_ref-TorSchool_129-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB43888" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB43888">"TORPHICHEN STREET, FORMER TORPHICHEN STREET EDUCATION CENTRE, INCLUDING JANITOR'S HOUSE, GATES, GATEPIERS, BOUNDARY WALLS AND RAILINGS (Category B Listed Building) (LB43888)"</a>. Retrieved 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TORPHICHEN+STREET%2C+FORMER+TORPHICHEN+STREET+EDUCATION+CENTRE%2C+INCLUDING+JANITOR%27S+HOUSE%2C+GATES%2C+GATEPIERS%2C+BOUNDARY+WALLS+AND+RAILINGS+%28Category+B+Listed+Building%29+%28LB43888%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB43888&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scotlandsboardingschools.org.uk/schools/fettes-college/">"Fettes College | Scotland's Boarding Schools"</a>. Scotlandsboardingschools.org.uk. Retrieved 25 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scotlandsboardingschools.org.uk&rft.atitle=Fettes+College+%26%23124%3B+Scotland%27s+Boarding+Schools&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscotlandsboardingschools.org.uk%2Fschools%2Ffettes-college%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stge.org.uk/about/how-to-find-us/">"Find Us, Map, Routes & Directions - St George's Girls School Edinburgh"</a>. Stge.org.uk. Retrieved 25 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stge.org.uk&rft.atitle=Find+Us%2C+Map%2C+Routes+%26+Directions+-+St+George%27s+Girls+School+Edinburgh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stge.org.uk%2Fabout%2Fhow-to-find-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-StMarys-132"><a href="#cite_ref-StMarys_132-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_Scotland" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/88783">"Edinburgh, Coates, Palmerston Place, St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral (88783)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Canmore_(database)" title="Canmore (database)">Canmore</a>. Retrieved 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore&rft.atitle=Edinburgh%2C+Coates%2C+Palmerston+Place%2C+St+Mary%27s+Episcopal+Cathedral+%2888783%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F88783&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB27441" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB27441">"Palmerston Place, Cathedral Church of St. Mary (Episcopal) (Category A Listed Building) (LB27441)"</a>. Retrieved 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Palmerston+Place%2C+Cathedral+Church+of+St.+Mary+%28Episcopal%29+%28Category+A+Listed+Building%29+%28LB27441%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB27441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307023817/https://www.emporis.com/buildings/110847">"St. Mary's Episcopal Cathedral"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Emporis" title="Emporis">Emporis</a>. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Emporis&rft.atitle=St.+Mary%27s+Episcopal+Cathedral&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.emporis.com%2Fbuildings%2F110847&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-StGeorgeWest-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-StGeorgeWest_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-StGeorgeWest_135-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_Scotland" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/146453">"Edinburgh, 58 Shandwick Place, St George's West Church (146453)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Canmore_(database)" title="Canmore (database)">Canmore</a>. Retrieved 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore&rft.atitle=Edinburgh%2C+58+Shandwick+Place%2C+St+George%27s+West+Church+%28146453%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F146453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-StGeorgeWest2-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-StGeorgeWest2_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-StGeorgeWest2_136-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB27367" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB27367">"SHANDWICK PLACE ST. GEORGES WEST CHURCH, (CHURCH OF SCOTLAND) (Category A Listed Building) (LB27367)"</a>. Retrieved 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SHANDWICK+PLACE+ST.+GEORGES+WEST+CHURCH%2C+%28CHURCH+OF+SCOTLAND%29+%28Category+A+Listed+Building%29+%28LB27367%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB27367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PalmPlaceChurch-137"><a href="#cite_ref-PalmPlaceChurch_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_Scotland" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/120746">"Edinburgh, 12 Palmerston Place, Palmerston Place Church (120746)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Canmore_(database)" title="Canmore (database)">Canmore</a>. Retrieved 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore&rft.atitle=Edinburgh%2C+12+Palmerston+Place%2C+Palmerston+Place+Church+%28120746%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F120746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_ScotlandLB27220" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB27220">"12 PALMERSTON PLACE, PALMERSTON PLACE CHURCH INCLUDING WALL AND RAILINGS (Category A Listed Building) (LB27220)"</a>. Retrieved 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=12+PALMERSTON+PLACE%2C+PALMERSTON+PLACE+CHURCH+INCLUDING+WALL+AND+RAILINGS+%28Category+A+Listed+Building%29+%28LB27220%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.historicenvironment.scot%2Fdesignation%2FLB27220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PalmChurchWebsite-139"><a href="#cite_ref-PalmChurchWebsite_139-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://palmerstonplacechurch.com/brief-history/">"Our History"</a>. Palmerston Place Church. 22 May 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+History&rft.pub=Palmerston+Place+Church&rft.date=2017-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpalmerstonplacechurch.com%2Fbrief-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWest+End%2C+Edinburgh" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=West_End,_Edinburgh&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westendfair.co.uk/about">About the West End Fair</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Residential_areas_in_the_Edinburgh_(settlement)_urban_area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Areas_of_Edinburgh" title="Template:Areas of Edinburgh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Areas_of_Edinburgh" title="Template talk:Areas of Edinburgh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Areas_of_Edinburgh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Areas of Edinburgh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Residential_areas_in_the_Edinburgh_(settlement)_urban_area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Residential areas in the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_and_cities_in_Scotland_by_population#Settlements" title="List of towns and cities in Scotland by population">settlement</a>) urban area</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbeyhill" title="Abbeyhill">Abbeyhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bingham,_Edinburgh" title="Bingham, Edinburgh">Bingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnington,_Edinburgh" title="Bonnington, Edinburgh">Bonnington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broughton,_Edinburgh" title="Broughton, Edinburgh">Broughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunstane" title="Brunstane">Brunstane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigentinny" title="Craigentinny">Craigentinny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigmillar" title="Craigmillar">Craigmillar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duddingston" title="Duddingston">Duddingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Road_(street)" title="Easter Road (street)">Easter Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Junction_Street" title="Great Junction Street">Great Junction Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joppa,_Edinburgh" title="Joppa, Edinburgh">Joppa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leith" title="Leith">Leith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leith_Docks" class="mw-redirect" title="Leith Docks">Leith Docks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lochend,_Edinburgh" title="Lochend, Edinburgh">Lochend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalene,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Magdalene, Edinburgh">Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meadowbank,_Edinburgh" title="Meadowbank, Edinburgh">Meadowbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountcastle,_Edinburgh" title="Mountcastle, Edinburgh">Mountcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niddrie,_Edinburgh" title="Niddrie, Edinburgh">Niddrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northfield,_Edinburgh" title="Northfield, Edinburgh">Northfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piershill" title="Piershill">Piershill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilrig" title="Pilrig">Pilrig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portobello,_Edinburgh" title="Portobello, Edinburgh">Portobello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restalrig" title="Restalrig">Restalrig</a></li> <li>Willowbrae</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Harbour,_Edinburgh" title="Western Harbour, Edinburgh">Western Harbour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edinburgh_urban_area_(settlement_area).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edinburgh's Old and New Towns"><img alt="Edinburgh's Old and New Towns" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg/300px-Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg/450px-Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg/600px-Edinburgh_urban_area_%28settlement_area%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1562" data-file-height="1031" /></a><figcaption>Edinburgh's Old and New Towns</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alnwickhill" title="Alnwickhill">Alnwickhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackford,_Edinburgh" title="Blackford, Edinburgh">Blackford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braid_Hills" title="Braid Hills">Braid Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruntsfield" title="Bruntsfield">Bruntsfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdiehouse" title="Burdiehouse">Burdiehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canongate,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Canongate, Edinburgh">Canongate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrick_Knowe" title="Carrick Knowe">Carrick Knowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comiston" title="Comiston">Comiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumbiedykes" title="Dumbiedykes">Dumbiedykes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernieside" title="Fernieside">Fernieside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilmerton" title="Gilmerton">Gilmerton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenbank,_Edinburgh" title="Greenbank, Edinburgh">Greenbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_Edinburgh" title="Haymarket, Edinburgh">Haymarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calton_Hill" title="Calton Hill">Hillside and Calton Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberton,_Edinburgh" title="Liberton, Edinburgh">Liberton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchmont" title="Marchmont">Marchmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moredun" title="Moredun">Moredun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morningside,_Edinburgh" title="Morningside, Edinburgh">Morningside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortonhall" title="Mortonhall">Mortonhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh">New Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newington,_Edinburgh" title="Newington, Edinburgh">Newington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Old Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prestonfield,_Edinburgh" title="Prestonfield, Edinburgh">Prestonfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sciennes" title="Sciennes">Sciennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Southhouse">Southhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southside,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Southside, Edinburgh">Southside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Inch,_Edinburgh" title="The Inch, Edinburgh">The Inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Grange,_Edinburgh" title="The Grange, Edinburgh">The Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tollcross,_Edinburgh" title="Tollcross, Edinburgh">Tollcross</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">West End</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baberton" title="Baberton">Baberton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balerno" title="Balerno">Balerno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankhead,_Edinburgh" title="Bankhead, Edinburgh">Bankhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaly" title="Bonaly">Bonaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broomhouse,_Edinburgh" title="Broomhouse, Edinburgh">Broomhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesser,_Edinburgh" title="Chesser, Edinburgh">Chesser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovenstone" title="Clovenstone">Clovenstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colinton" title="Colinton">Colinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currie" title="Currie">Currie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craiglockhart" title="Craiglockhart">Craiglockhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalry,_Edinburgh" title="Dalry, Edinburgh">Dalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairmilehead" title="Fairmilehead">Fairmilehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firrhill" title="Firrhill">Firrhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountainbridge" title="Fountainbridge">Fountainbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgie" title="Gorgie">Gorgie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenhill,_Edinburgh" title="Greenhill, Edinburgh">Greenhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juniper_Green" title="Juniper Green">Juniper Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsknowe" title="Kingsknowe">Kingsknowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longstone,_Edinburgh" title="Longstone, Edinburgh">Longstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchiston" title="Merchiston">Merchiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrayburn" class="mw-redirect" title="Murrayburn">Murrayburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxgangs" title="Oxgangs">Oxgangs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkhead,_Edinburgh" title="Parkhead, Edinburgh">Parkhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polwarth,_Edinburgh" title="Polwarth, Edinburgh">Polwarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roseburn" title="Roseburn">Roseburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saughton,_Edinburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Saughton, Edinburgh">Saughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandon,_Edinburgh" title="Shandon, Edinburgh">Shandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sighthill,_Edinburgh" title="Sighthill, Edinburgh">Sighthill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slateford" title="Slateford">Slateford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stenhouse,_Edinburgh" title="Stenhouse, Edinburgh">Stenhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Calders" title="The Calders">The Calders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wester_Hailes" title="Wester Hailes">Wester Hailes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balgreen" title="Balgreen">Balgreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnton,_Edinburgh" title="Barnton, Edinburgh">Barnton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackhall,_Edinburgh" title="Blackhall, Edinburgh">Blackhall</a></li> <li>Boswall</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canonmills" title="Canonmills">Canonmills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cammo" title="Cammo">Cammo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clermiston" title="Clermiston">Clermiston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comely_Bank" title="Comely Bank">Comely Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corstorphine" title="Corstorphine">Corstorphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigleith,_Edinburgh" title="Craigleith, Edinburgh">Craigleith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cramond" title="Cramond">Cramond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crewe_Toll" title="Crewe Toll">Crewe Toll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davidson%27s_Mains" title="Davidson's Mains">Davidson's Mains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Village" title="Dean Village">Dean Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drumbrae" title="Drumbrae">Drumbrae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drylaw" title="Drylaw">Drylaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Craigs" title="East Craigs">East Craigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldenacre" title="Goldenacre">Goldenacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracemount" title="Gracemount">Gracemount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granton,_Edinburgh" title="Granton, Edinburgh">Granton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverleith" title="Inverleith">Inverleith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muirhouse" title="Muirhouse">Muirhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murrayfield" title="Murrayfield">Murrayfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newhaven,_Edinburgh" title="Newhaven, Edinburgh">Newhaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilton,_Edinburgh" title="Pilton, Edinburgh">Pilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravelston" title="Ravelston">Ravelston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverknowes" title="Silverknowes">Silverknowes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Gyle" title="South Gyle">South Gyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockbridge,_Edinburgh" title="Stockbridge, Edinburgh">Stockbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity,_Edinburgh" title="Trinity, Edinburgh">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warriston" title="Warriston">Warriston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Lothian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Musselburgh" title="Musselburgh">Musselburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fisherrow" title="Fisherrow">Fisherrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inveresk" title="Inveresk">Inveresk</a></li> <li>Levenhall</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monktonhall" class="mw-redirect" title="Monktonhall">Monktonhall</a></li> <li>Pinkie</li> <li>Stoneybank</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallyford" title="Wallyford">Wallyford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Areas_of_Edinburgh" title="Areas of Edinburgh">Areas of Edinburgh</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom">World Heritage Sites in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> <ul><li>as part of <a href="/wiki/Great_Spa_Towns_of_Europe" title="Great Spa Towns of Europe">Great Spa Towns of Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blenheim_Palace" title="Blenheim Palace">Blenheim Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canterbury_Cathedral" title="Canterbury Cathedral">Canterbury Cathedral</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_Augustine%27s_Abbey" title="St Augustine's Abbey">St Augustine's Abbey</a> and <a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_Church,_Canterbury" title="St Martin's Church, Canterbury">St Martin's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornwall_and_West_Devon_Mining_Landscape" title="Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape">Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derwent_Valley_Mills" title="Derwent Valley Mills">Derwent Valley Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_Castle" title="Durham Castle">Durham Castle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Durham_Cathedral" title="Durham Cathedral">Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_(Roman_Empire)" title="Limes (Roman Empire)">Frontiers of the Roman Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Wall" title="Hadrian's Wall">Hadrian's Wall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ironbridge_Gorge" title="Ironbridge Gorge">Ironbridge Gorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodrell_Bank_Observatory" title="Jodrell Bank Observatory">Jodrell Bank Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurassic_Coast" title="Jurassic Coast">Jurassic Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Gardens" title="Kew Gardens">Kew Royal Botanic Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_District" title="Lake District">Lake District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich" title="Greenwich">Maritime Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a> and <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> including <a href="/wiki/St_Margaret%27s,_Westminster" title="St Margaret's, Westminster">St Margaret's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltaire" title="Saltaire">Saltaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonehenge,_Avebury_and_Associated_Sites" title="Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites">Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studley_Royal_Park" title="Studley Royal Park">Studley Royal Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fountains_Abbey" title="Fountains Abbey">Fountains Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stonehenge-Green.jpg/100px-Stonehenge-Green.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stonehenge-Green.jpg/150px-Stonehenge-Green.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Stonehenge-Green.jpg/200px-Stonehenge-Green.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="355" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Scotland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Scotland">Scotland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town,_Edinburgh" title="Old Town, Edinburgh">Edinburgh Old Town</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Town,_Edinburgh" title="New Town, Edinburgh">New Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forth_Bridge" title="Forth Bridge">Forth Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limes_(Roman_Empire)" title="Limes (Roman Empire)">Frontiers of the Roman Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonine_Wall" title="Antonine Wall">Antonine Wall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Neolithic_Orkney" title="Heart of Neolithic Orkney">Heart of Neolithic Orkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Lanark" title="New Lanark">New Lanark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Kilda,_Scotland" title="St Kilda, Scotland">St Kilda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Wales" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Wales">Wales</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaenavon_Industrial_Landscape" title="Blaenavon Industrial Landscape">Blaenavon Industrial Landscape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castles_and_Town_Walls_of_King_Edward_in_Gwynedd" title="Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd">Castles and Town Walls of King Edward I in Gwynedd</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaumaris_Castle" title="Beaumaris Castle">Beaumaris Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caernarfon_Castle" title="Caernarfon Castle">Caernarfon Castle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caernarfon_town_walls" title="Caernarfon town walls">Town Walls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conwy_Castle" title="Conwy Castle">Conwy Castle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conwy_town_walls" title="Conwy town walls">Town Walls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlech_Castle" title="Harlech Castle">Harlech Castle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontcysyllte_Aqueduct" title="Pontcysyllte Aqueduct">Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate_industry_in_Wales" title="Slate industry in Wales">The Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Ireland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant%27s_Causeway" title="Giant's Causeway">Giant's Causeway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British Overseas Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gorham%27s_Cave" title="Gorham's Cave">Gorham's Cave Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Island" title="Gough Island">Gough Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inaccessible_Island" title="Inaccessible Island">Inaccessible Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson_Island_(Pitcairn_Islands)" title="Henderson Island (Pitcairn Islands)">Henderson Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s,_Bermuda" title="St. George's, Bermuda">Town of St George and Related Fortifications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Former_UNESCO_World_Heritage_Sites" title="Former UNESCO World Heritage Sites">Former</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Maritime_Mercantile_City" title="Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City">Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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