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data-v-7383efc4>OPINION | Even bare-minimum use of clean hydrogen will require hundreds of billions of dollars of investment</h1><p class="lead">Despite the difficulties of building out the clean H2 industry, we should not forget that the sector is indispensable for decarbonisation, says Fiona Simon</p><figure class="dn-image default article-top-image" data-load="eager"><picture class="ratio-3x2"><source type="webp" srcset="https://images.dngroup.com/image/eyJ3Ijo5ODAsImsiOiJiZDIwNTdjZjg3YTVhNmNjY2NlOTBlODcyNTQyNjM5YSIsImYiOiJ3ZWJwIiwiY3JvcCI6WzAsMywxNjAwLDEwNjZdLCJyIjoxLjUsIm8iOiJnbG9iYWwifQ=="><source type="jpeg" srcset="https://images.dngroup.com/image/eyJ3Ijo5ODAsImsiOiJiZDIwNTdjZjg3YTVhNmNjY2NlOTBlODcyNTQyNjM5YSIsImYiOiJqcGVnIiwiY3JvcCI6WzAsMywxNjAwLDEwNjZdLCJyIjoxLjUsIm8iOiJnbG9iYWwifQ=="><img alt="Fiona Simon, CEO of the Australian Hydrogen Council, giving the opening speech at the Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Summit in Brisbane last week." loading="eager" src="https://images.dngroup.com/image/eyJ3Ijo5ODAsImsiOiJiZDIwNTdjZjg3YTVhNmNjY2NlOTBlODcyNTQyNjM5YSIsImYiOiJ3ZWJwIiwiY3JvcCI6WzAsMywxNjAwLDEwNjZdLCJyIjoxLjUsIm8iOiJnbG9iYWwifQ==" fetchpriority="high"></picture><figcaption><span class="caption-below-image">Fiona Simon, CEO of the Australian Hydrogen Council, giving the opening speech at the Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Summit in Brisbane last week.</span><span class="credit">Photo: SEC</span></figcaption></figure><div class="dn-meta-data"><div class="dn-bylines-column" data-list><div class="dn-byline"><div class="author-content"><div class="author"><ul class="author-list"><li data-info-comma="," data-info-and="and">Fiona Simon</li></ul><div class="author-subtle"></div></div></div></div><span></span></div><div class="dn-published-and-buttons" data-list="reverse"></div><div class="dn-published-and-buttons" data-list="reverse"></div><span></span></div></div><div class="dn-content" data-zone="article-body"><script type="text/javascript"> if 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class="text" data-v-8c016434>Ammonia</span></a><a href="https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/tag/fertiliser" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="fertiliser" class="dn-link pill tag" data-v-8c016434><span class="text" data-v-8c016434>fertiliser</span></a><a href="https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/tag/Steel" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="Steel" class="dn-link pill tag" data-v-8c016434><span class="text" data-v-8c016434>Steel</span></a><a href="https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/tag/green_steel" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="green steel" class="dn-link pill tag" data-v-8c016434><span class="text" data-v-8c016434>green steel</span></a></div></div><div style="" class="interaction-group" data-zone="article-bottom" data-list><span></span></div><span></span><div class="dn-feed"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></div></div></div></div><footer class="dn-footer" data-zone="footer"><div class="footer-container"><div class="footer-logos"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" 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To read more about DN Media Group, <a href="https://www.dngroup.com/"> click here</a>. </p></div></footer></footer></div><script type="text/javascript"> if (!window.Zephr) window.Zephr = {}; if (!window.Zephr.outcomes) window.Zephr.outcomes = {}; window.Zephr.outcomes['dn-internal-users'] = { featureLabel: 'DN Internal Users', outcomeId: 'transformation/2', outcomeLabel: 'DN Non Internal Users' }; </script> <div id="teleports"></div><script type="application/json" data-nuxt-data="nuxt-app" data-ssr="true" id="__NUXT_DATA__">[["ShallowReactive",1],{"data":2,"state":4,"once":14,"_errors":15,"serverRendered":8,"path":17,"pinia":18},["ShallowReactive",3],{},["Reactive",5],{"$scolor-mode":6,"$snuxt-i18n-meta":10,"$svue-query":11},{"preference":7,"value":7,"unknown":8,"forced":9},"dark",true,false,{},{"mutations":12,"queries":13},[],[],["Set"],["ShallowReactive",16],{},"/analysis/opinion-even-bare-minimum-use-of-clean-hydrogen-will-require-hundreds-of-billions-of-dollars-of-investment/2-1-1711896",["Reactive",19],{"commonStore":20,"articlesStore":25,"profileLoginStore":274},{"isAppView":21,"previousRouteName":23},["EmptyRef",22],"false",["EmptyRef",24],"\"\"",{"currentArticle":26,"loading":270,"articleBodyWithoutInjectElements":271},["Ref",27],["Reactive",28],{"api":29,"id":30,"title":31,"originalTitle":31,"dataLayout":32,"type":33,"subType":33,"state":34,"excludeFromNews":9,"intro":35,"canonicalSlug":17,"publishedAt":36,"firstPublishedAt":36,"updatedAt":36,"leadAsset":37,"body":59,"bodyLength":210,"byline":211,"metadata":220,"tags":225,"categories":255,"relatedCompanies":264,"publication":265,"imagePosition":269,"accessLevel":133,"mobileImagePosition":269},"global-article","2-1-1711896","OPINION | Even bare-minimum use of clean hydrogen will require hundreds of billions of dollars of investment","text-first","news","published","Despite the difficulties of building out the clean H2 industry, we should not forget that the sector is indispensable for decarbonisation, says Fiona Simon","2024-09-19T07:42:45Z",{"type":38,"src":39,"caption":40,"credit":41,"imageCrops":42,"pointOfInterest":53},"picture","https://images-global.nhst.tech/image/a1JKVXFYQW9USGcwQXZVOEJ2L2ljWkNBUFJybW1YR3hrL1dWWmxIT0FnTT0=/nhst/binary/bd2057cf87a5a6cccce90e872542639a","Fiona Simon, CEO of the Australian Hydrogen Council, giving the opening speech at the Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Summit in Brisbane last week.","Photo: SEC",{"2x1":43,"free":48,"3x2":50},[44,45,46,47],0,134,1600,800,[44,44,46,49],1070,[44,51,46,52],3,1066,{"originalWidth":46,"originalHeight":49,"x":54,"y":44,"width":55,"height":56,"centerX":57,"centerY":58},0.165,0.66875,1,0.499375,0.5,[60,63,65,67,85,87,89,99,101,105,107,109,123,125,127,144,146,148,150,152,154,156,175,177,179,181,202,204,206,208],{"type":61,"html":62},"text","The energy transition is a contested space: values collide on every possible point, and even science is seen to be subjective. And for hydrogen, all it takes is a dip into the debates about it on LinkedIn to see that there are a great many strongly held, but opposite, views, based on often very different interests and assumptions.",{"type":61,"html":64},"Despite this, we can take some comfort that common views about the future hydrogen industry are emerging. These are:",{"type":61,"html":66},"1) We will need hydrogen in the energy transition for its chemical uses:",{"type":68,"header":69,"items":70},"related","",[71],{"type":33,"id":72,"title":73,"url":74,"accessLevel":75,"picture":76},"2-1-1711640","ANALYSIS | Maturing hydrogen sector embraces realism, admits green H2 is expensive and focuses on hard-to-abate sectors","https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/analysis/analysis-maturing-hydrogen-sector-embraces-realism-admits-green-h2-is-obscenely-expensive-and-focuses-on-hard-to-abate-sectors/2-1-1711640","paywall",{"type":38,"src":77,"caption":78,"credit":41,"imageCrops":79,"pointOfInterest":84},"https://images-global.nhst.tech/image/a1JKVXFYQW9USGcwQXZVOEJ2L2ljWkNBUFJybW1YR3hrL1dWWmxIT0FnTT0=/nhst/binary/bde08d9f05d6a8e705442a51bd7553c7","Rupert Maloney, centre, speaking at the Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Summit alongside Australian Hydrogen Council CEO Fiona Simon and Safoir founder David Lloyd.",{"2x1":80,"free":82,"3x2":83},[44,81,46,47],57,[44,44,46,49],[44,51,46,52],{"originalWidth":46,"originalHeight":49,"x":54,"y":44,"width":55,"height":56,"centerX":57,"centerY":58},{"type":61,"html":86},"\u003Cul> \u003Cli>To make ammonia and the nitrogen fertilisers that keep half the world alive. This use needs to be decarbonised.\u003C/li> \u003Cli>To decarbonise ironmaking — producing Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) with hydrogen will be a necessary means to decarbonise the first part of the steelmaking process.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul>",{"type":61,"html":88},"2) Hydrogen as a direct fuel is more contested, but it is still valid. Hydrogen is being used to replace diesel for remote power needs. It is still in the mix as a means to decarbonise heavy road transport and smaller aircraft. And practical challenges in full electrification keep buses and even passenger fleets as meaningful hydrogen prospects, and maybe even more so in Australia than other places. ",{"type":90,"promoboxType":91,"template":92,"view":69,"design":93,"title":94,"selectedImage":95,"hideImage":9,"text":96,"buttonLabel":97,"url":98},"promobox","feature,news","Accelerate Hydrogen - Hydrogen Insight","green","Stay ahead on hydrogen with our free newsletter","https://static1.dn.no/promobox/2023/06/30/01/54/01/a394ba3c-fddb-9ce9-401f-927ab32716be.jpg","Keep up with the latest developments in the international hydrogen industry with the free Accelerate Hydrogen newsletter.\n\nSign up now for an unbiased, clear-sighted view of the fast-growing hydrogen sector.","Sign up now","https://rechargenews.us1.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=9ce2040dca4d38f9282025975&id=1c1e9d119f",{"type":61,"html":100},"Collectively, matters of efficiency, infrastructure needs, and viable alternatives are being worked through, as well as hybrids between batteries and hydrogen.",{"type":102,"injected":8,"id":103,"label":104,"minHeight":-1,"class":-1},"ad","hydrogen_netboard-article-1","Article continues below the advert",{"type":61,"html":106},"3) Hydrogen as a chemical feedstock for future fuels also hold promise:",{"type":61,"html":108},"\u003Cul> \u003Cli>feedstock for ammonia or methanol for future shipping fuels – hydrogen is needed for both pathways;\u003C/li> \u003Cli>feedstock for the aviation fuels of the future — the e-SAF [sustainable aviation fuel made from green hydrogen and captured carbon] when we need to scale beyond biogenic feedstocks, and right now as a supporting act to process biogenic feedstocks.\u003C/li> \u003C/ul>",{"type":68,"header":69,"items":110},[111],{"type":33,"id":112,"title":113,"url":114,"accessLevel":75,"picture":115},"2-1-1708126","'Historic deal' | Germany to hold special $444m auction exclusively for Australian green hydrogen imports through H2Global","https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/production/historic-deal-germany-to-hold-special-444m-auction-exclusively-for-australian-green-hydrogen-imports-through-h2global/2-1-1708126",{"type":38,"src":116,"caption":117,"credit":41,"imageCrops":118,"pointOfInterest":122},"https://images-global.nhst.tech/image/a1JKVXFYQW9USGcwQXZVOEJ2L2ljWkNBUFJybW1YR3hrL1dWWmxIT0FnTT0=/nhst/binary/14b77ab251913d2cc19d742fd001c81f","Anja Hajduk speaking at the Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Summit in Brisbane this morning.",{"2x1":119,"free":120,"3x2":121},[44,45,46,47],[44,44,46,49],[44,51,46,52],{"originalWidth":46,"originalHeight":49,"x":54,"y":44,"width":55,"height":56,"centerX":57,"centerY":58},{"type":61,"html":124},"These use cases may not meet early hopes for a ‘hydrogen society’ or ‘hydrogen economy’. However, even if these are the niche uses, they are enormous. Producing the volumes of hydrogen required for these uses will need terawatts of new power and further hundreds of billions of dollars of investment in production capabilities, industrial facilities and associated infrastructure. These uses alone will require close attention to priorities, efficiencies, and sequencing to be feasible, and scaling up will take years.",{"type":61,"html":126},"The nature of what might be a ‘hydrogen economy’ will also vary by nation. For example, Australia will most likely not be a hydrogen economy but an electrified economy; a weather-dependent, renewables-plus-storage economy, with hydrogen playing an important supporting role to get the electrons to where and when they are needed (including as hydrogen derivatives). We can do this because of our vast renewable electricity potential.",{"type":68,"header":69,"items":128},[129],{"type":33,"id":130,"title":131,"url":132,"accessLevel":133,"picture":134},"2-1-1708976","Australia unveils new national hydrogen strategy with green H2 target of 15 million tonnes a year","https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/policy/australia-unveils-new-national-hydrogen-strategy-with-green-h2-target-of-15-million-tonnes-a-year/2-1-1708976","open",{"type":38,"src":135,"caption":136,"credit":137,"imageCrops":138,"pointOfInterest":143},"https://images-global.nhst.tech/image/a1JKVXFYQW9USGcwQXZVOEJ2L2ljWkNBUFJybW1YR3hrL1dWWmxIT0FnTT0=/nhst/binary/483ac172163e659069b1ad30f69350a3","Climate and energy minister Chris Bowen speaking at the Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Summit on Friday.","Photo: Mathilde Elshof/SEC",{"2x1":139,"free":141,"3x2":142},[44,140,46,47],70,[44,44,46,49],[44,51,46,52],{"originalWidth":46,"originalHeight":49,"x":54,"y":44,"width":55,"height":56,"centerX":57,"centerY":58},{"type":61,"html":145},"Other countries, and particularly those that are more dependent on imports, are working through their options. And the questions are still live about the right mix of alternatives, at what price, with what carbon emissions acceptance and in what timeframe.",{"type":102,"injected":8,"id":147,"label":104,"minHeight":-1,"class":-1},"hydrogen_netboard-article-2",{"type":61,"html":149},"So given all this, what are the myths to bust?",{"type":61,"html":151},"First, it is a myth that hydrogen is a choice, and that we can choose to not develop this industry. We cannot get to net zero without hydrogen.",{"type":61,"html":153},"The good news is that we are seeing a convergence of views that we must move ahead and now we have more sophisticated thinking about how we do it.",{"type":61,"html":155},"Second, it is, and would be a myth, that the hydrogen industry has failed because some projects have been delayed, or proponents have pulled out of projects.",{"type":68,"header":69,"items":157},[158],{"type":33,"id":159,"title":160,"url":161,"accessLevel":75,"picture":162},"2-1-1708130","Initial phases of two giant BP green hydrogen projects in Australia will not produce any H2","https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/production/initial-phases-of-two-giant-bp-green-hydrogen-projects-in-australia-will-not-produce-any-h2/2-1-1708130",{"type":38,"src":163,"caption":164,"credit":41,"imageCrops":165,"pointOfInterest":174},"https://images-global.nhst.tech/image/VDg1cjRNUjJnNUQ0T1dOUlVmTHJGWTR4QUV4dUxTQ3ZRVy9NZ3EyTnNVYz0=/nhst/binary/8f5ce73d01e38a9e1aa8ee4d58f36e3d","Lucy Nation (in pink) speaking during a panel session at the Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Summit in Brisbane this morning.",{"2x1":166,"free":168,"3x2":169},[44,167,46,47],217,[44,44,46,49],[170,171,172,173],169,108,1379,919,{"originalWidth":46,"originalHeight":49,"x":54,"y":44,"width":55,"height":56,"centerX":57,"centerY":58},{"type":61,"html":176},"The good news is that this is a normal process (but a lack of carbon pricing and demand incentives does not help). We are learning from experience and unpacking the devilish detail on project-specific risks and challenges. We are finding the pathways to progress rather than perfection, for phasing over expecting one grand leap in progress.",{"type":61,"html":178},"Third, it is a myth that all hydrogen end uses are locked down and we all know what we need and by when. There is still room for end uses to expand or contract, based on a complex host of factors. The required volumes are also very much a matter of whose model you use.",{"type":61,"html":180},"The good news is that we have started to converge on general pros and cons for hydrogen in different use cases. We are paying better attention to demand side needs and timeframes, customer willingness and capacity to pay, and the right policy settings to support these.",{"type":68,"header":69,"items":182},[183],{"type":33,"id":184,"title":185,"url":186,"accessLevel":133,"picture":187},"2-1-1708924","‘Construction’ starts on Fortescue’s first commercial-scale green hydrogen project","https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/production/-construction-starts-on-fortescue-s-first-commercial-scale-green-hydrogen-project/2-1-1708924",{"type":38,"src":188,"caption":189,"credit":190,"imageCrops":191,"pointOfInterest":199},"https://images-global.nhst.tech/image/MldQWDFFOUpOYWNjaExDc0Uzd2FLQTROci9VN1M3TmZzTnk5SU5DaW1kND0=/nhst/binary/0446e96a9936755547f5c802e1ee1104","An aerial photo of Fortescue's 2GW electrolyser factory in Gladstone, Queensland, which lies adjacent to the PEM50 project","Photo: Fortescue",{"2x1":192,"free":194,"3x2":196},[44,193,46,47],201,[44,44,46,195],1198,[44,197,46,198],67,1063,{"originalWidth":46,"originalHeight":195,"x":200,"y":44,"width":201,"height":56,"centerX":57,"centerY":58},0.125,0.74875,{"type":61,"html":203},"In conclusion, we are still collectively — and here I mean globally, regionally, nationally, locally — finding the right ways to plan for and implement, the transition away from fossil fuels.",{"type":61,"html":205},"As evidence of failures and successes build up over time, I believe we have cause to feel positive, because to know that this is hard, but this is what it takes, is surely better than not having started.",{"type":61,"html":207},"We know we need to build this industry, and we are doing what it takes to get there.",{"type":61,"html":209},"\u003Ci>Fiona Simon is the CEO of the Australian Hydrogen Council. This is an excerpt from her opening speech at the Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Summit in Brisbane, Australia, on 12 September, and is reprinted with permission.\u003C/i>",28,{"authors":212,"options":219},[213],{"type":214,"name":215,"source":216,"sourceId":217,"userName":218,"hasAuthorPage":9},"author","Fiona Simon","drpublish","13111","66eaec0fba745",{"signOffText":69,"publishedLocation":69},{"DataLayout":32,"lockedForEditing":9,"scheduledDateOnPrint":69,"syncWithDeskNet":9,"digitalPriority":69,"publishedPrint":9,"importBatchId":69,"sourcePackageType":221,"pageNumberPrint":44,"actualPrintDate":69,"topic":44,"mainCategory":222,"theme":69,"sourceArticleType":223,"escenicSourceId":224},"Story","Analysis","story","urn:newsml:dn.no:20240918:1711896-text",[226,230,232,234,236,239,242,244,246,248,250,252],{"name":227,"label":227,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Chemicals","Sector","1",{"name":231,"label":231,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Ammonia",{"name":233,"label":233,"type":228,"relevance":229},"fertiliser",{"name":235,"label":235,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Steel",{"name":237,"label":238,"type":228,"relevance":229},"green_steel","green steel",{"name":240,"label":241,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Road_transport","Road transport",{"name":243,"label":243,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Trucks",{"name":245,"label":245,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Buses",{"name":247,"label":247,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Cars",{"name":249,"label":249,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Aviation",{"name":251,"label":251,"type":228,"relevance":229},"Shipping",{"name":253,"label":253,"type":254,"relevance":229},"Australia","Location",[256,259,262],{"id":257,"title":258,"default":9},"industrial","Industrial",{"id":260,"title":261,"default":9},"transport","Transport",{"id":263,"title":222,"default":8},"analysis",[],{"name":266,"title":267,"url":268,"external":9},"hydrogen","Hydrogen Insight","https://www.hydrogeninsight.com","auto",["EmptyRef",22],["Ref",272],["Reactive",273],[60,63,65,67,85,87,89,99,105,107,109,123,125,127,144,148,150,152,154,156,175,177,179,181,202,204,206,208],{"loginStatus":275,"companyLogin":279},["Ref",276],["Reactive",277],{"isLoggedIn":9,"username":69,"firstName":69,"lastName":69,"ncpIdHash":69,"products":278,"isSubscriber":9,"isTotalSubscriber":9},[],["Ref",280],["Reactive",281],{"access":9,"adminLink":69,"adminLinkText":69}]</script> <script>window.__NUXT__={};window.__NUXT__.config={public:{appBaseUrl:"http://127.0.0.1:3000",timezone:"Europe/Oslo",timeFormat:"D. 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