CINXE.COM
Technology News | TechHQ | Latest Technology News & Analysis
<!doctype html><html class="no-js" lang="en-US"><head><meta charset="utf-8"> <!-- Force IE to use the latest rendering engine available --><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <!-- Mobile Meta --><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta class="foundation-mq"> <!--[if IE]><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/favicon.ico"> <![endif]--><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#f01d4f"><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/win8-tile-icon.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-57x57.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-60x60.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-72x72.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-76x76.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-114x114.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-120x120.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-144x144.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-152x152.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/apple-icon-180x180.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/android-icon-192x192.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="96x96" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/favicon-96x96.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/favicon-16x16.png"><link rel="manifest" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/manifest.json"><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"><meta name="application-name" content="TechHQ"/><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#f01d4f" /><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/mstile-144x144.png" /><meta name="msapplication-square70x70logo" content="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/mstile-70x70.png" /><meta name="msapplication-square150x150logo" content="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/mstile-150x150.png" /><meta name="msapplication-wide310x150logo" content="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/mstile-310x150.png" /><meta name="msapplication-square310x310logo" content="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/mstile-310x310.png" /><link rel="pingback" href="https://techhq.com/xmlrpc.php"><meta property="fb:pages" content="348609608954411"><meta property="fb:pages" content="186740891821"><meta property="fb:pages" content="301960393281716"><meta property="fb:pages" content="190038307741083"><meta property="fb:pages" content="281851075207216"><meta property="fb:pages" content="267280617017650"><meta property="fb:pages" content="534833413311215"><meta property="fb:pages" content="182236728506442"><meta property="fb:pages" content="703621843114719"><meta property="fb:pages" content="931049476973802"> <!-- HTML Meta Tags --><title>Technology News | TechHQ | Latest Technology News & Analysis</title><meta name="description" content="TechHQ is influential media, creating rich and relevant stories about technology and business. We're problem solvers, using technology to turn ideas into action"> <!-- Facebook Meta Tags --><meta property="og:url" content="https://techhq.com/"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:title" content="Technology News | TechHQ | Latest Technology News & Analysis"><meta property="og:description" content="TechHQ is influential media, creating rich and relevant stories about technology and business. We're problem solvers, using technology to turn ideas into action"> <!-- You can generate this image URL dynamically: https://ogcdn.net/c078a98b-9a33-4eaf-a5cf-e5ebf3ea450c/v1/{site_text}/{title_text}/{description_text}/{image_url}/og.png Replace the variables in the brackets with your own values and use this URL in the image tag below this comment. Ensure values are URL encoded. For more information, read: https://www.opengraph.xyz/blog/how-to-implement-dynamic-open-graph-images --><meta property="og:image" content="https://ogcdn.net/c078a98b-9a33-4eaf-a5cf-e5ebf3ea450c/v1/techhq.com/Technology%20News%20%7C%20TechHQ%20%7C%20Latest%20Technology%20News%20%26%20Analysis/TechHQ%20is%20influential%20media%2C%20creating%20rich%20and%20relevant%20stories%20about%20technology%20and%20business.%20We're%20problem%20solvers%2C%20using%20technology%20to%20turn%20ideas%20into%20action/https%3A%2F%2Fopengraph.b-cdn.net%2Fproduction%2Fimages%2F3e4c4099-51b2-4e33-a277-0d0006f4cb11.jpg%3Ftoken%3D25B10hvQ5qAZqfz5ZZ1TAwILUuBimusZN4im6o7oP7U%26height%3D800%26width%3D1200%26expires%3D33265169092/og.png"> <!-- Twitter Meta Tags --><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta property="twitter:domain" content="techhq.com"><meta property="twitter:url" content="https://techhq.com/"><meta name="twitter:title" content="Technology News | TechHQ | Latest Technology News & Analysis"><meta name="twitter:description" content="TechHQ is influential media, creating rich and relevant stories about technology and business. We're problem solvers, using technology to turn ideas into action"> <!-- You can generate this image URL dynamically: https://ogcdn.net/c078a98b-9a33-4eaf-a5cf-e5ebf3ea450c/v1/{site_text}/{title_text}/{description_text}/{image_url}/og.png Replace the variables in the brackets with your own values and use this URL in the image tag below this comment. Ensure values are URL encoded. For more information, read: https://www.opengraph.xyz/blog/how-to-implement-dynamic-open-graph-images --><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://ogcdn.net/c078a98b-9a33-4eaf-a5cf-e5ebf3ea450c/v1/techhq.com/Technology%20News%20%7C%20TechHQ%20%7C%20Latest%20Technology%20News%20%26%20Analysis/TechHQ%20is%20influential%20media%2C%20creating%20rich%20and%20relevant%20stories%20about%20technology%20and%20business.%20We're%20problem%20solvers%2C%20using%20technology%20to%20turn%20ideas%20into%20action/https%3A%2F%2Fopengraph.b-cdn.net%2Fproduction%2Fimages%2F3e4c4099-51b2-4e33-a277-0d0006f4cb11.jpg%3Ftoken%3D25B10hvQ5qAZqfz5ZZ1TAwILUuBimusZN4im6o7oP7U%26height%3D800%26width%3D1200%26expires%3D33265169092/og.png"> <!-- Meta Tags Generated via https://www.opengraph.xyz --> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MHFDGNQ');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --><!-- <script>function vqTrackId(){return '37ca546a-6a2e-4d3d-b299-870807d32aa2';} (function(d, e) { var el = d.createElement(e); el.sa = function(an, av){this.setAttribute(an, av); return this;}; el.sa('id', 'vq_tracking').sa('src', '//t.visitorqueue.com/p/tracking.min.js?id='+vqTrackId()).sa('async', 1).sa('data-id', vqTrackId()); d.getElementsByTagName(e)[0].parentNode.appendChild(el); })(document, 'script'); </script> <script> (function(ss,ex){ window.ldfdr=window.ldfdr||function(){(ldfdr._q=ldfdr._q||[]).push([].slice.call(arguments));}; (function(d,s){ fs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; function ce(src){ var cs=d.createElement(s); cs.src=src; cs.async=1; fs.parentNode.insertBefore(cs,fs); }; ce('https://sc.lfeeder.com/lftracker_v1_'+ss+(ex?'_'+ex:'')+'.js'); })(document,'script'); })('lYNOR8xEJBO7WQJZ'); </script> Leadinfo tracking code <script> (function(l,e,a,d,i,n,f,o){if(!l[i]){l.GlobalLeadinfoNamespace=l.GlobalLeadinfoNamespace||[]; l.GlobalLeadinfoNamespace.push(i);l[i]=function(){(l[i].q=l[i].q||[]).push(arguments)};l[i].t=l[i].t||n; l[i].q=l[i].q||[];o=e.createElement(a);f=e.getElementsByTagName(a)[0];o.async=1;o.src=d;f.parentNode.insertBefore(o,f);} }(window,document,"script","https://cdn.leadinfo.net/ping.js","leadinfo","LI-61648953083B9")); </script> <script>window._nQc="89733423";</script> <script async src="https://serve.albacross.com/track.js"></script> <script> !function(){var e="rest.happierleads.com/v3/script?clientId=n7Bitsx3mfcHHUt5qGe11J&version=3.0.0", t=document.createElement("script");window.location.protocol.split(":")[0]; t.src="https://"+e;var c=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; t.onload = function(){ new Happierleads.default }; c.parentNode.insertBefore(t,c)}(); </script>--> <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/101030411/TECHHQ_LDB_1', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/101030411/TECHHQ_LDB_3', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1595759386336-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/101030411/TECHHQ_MPU_1', [300, 250], 'div-gpt-ad-1595758569531-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/101030411/TECHHQ_LDB_2', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1595758634907-0').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/animate.css/3.5.2/animate.min.css"> <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.6.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/js/para.js"></script> <!-- Typekit Font --><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.typekit.net/nwf1rwt.css"><meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --><title>Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks</title><meta name="description" content="Wi-Fi HaLow technology boasts over 1 km range and can connect up to 8191 devices per access point, making it ideal for wireless IoT networks." /><link rel="canonical" href="https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/" /><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /><meta property="og:type" content="article" /><meta property="og:title" content="Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" /><meta property="og:description" content="Wi-Fi HaLow technology boasts over 1 km range and can connect up to 8191 devices per access point, making it ideal for wireless IoT networks." /><meta property="og:url" content="https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="TechHQ" /><meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/TechHQ-348609608954411/" /><meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-01-30T15:56:40+00:00" /><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-09-03T16:05:22+00:00" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px.jpg" /><meta property="og:image:width" content="1024" /><meta property="og:image:height" content="576" /><meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /><meta name="author" content="James Tyrrell" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@JT_bluebird1" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@techhq" /><meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /><meta name="twitter:data1" content="James Tyrrell" /><meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /><meta name="twitter:data2" content="4 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/"},"author":{"name":"James Tyrrell","@id":"https://techhq.com/#/schema/person/f6c92036618b582d0be584fd0e5062ae"},"headline":"Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks","datePublished":"2024-01-30T15:56:40+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-03T16:05:22+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/"},"wordCount":736,"publisher":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px.jpg","keywords":["agtech","IoT","Manufacturing","Medtech","Networks","wifi"],"articleSection":["Insights","Latest"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/","url":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/","name":"Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px.jpg","datePublished":"2024-01-30T15:56:40+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-03T16:05:22+00:00","description":"Wi-Fi HaLow technology boasts over 1 km range and can connect up to 8191 devices per access point, making it ideal for wireless IoT networks.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/#primaryimage","url":"https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px.jpg","contentUrl":"https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px.jpg","width":"1024","height":"576","caption":"KAPOW! Wi-Fi HaLow could be the superhero of wireless networks by supporting energy-efficient, long-range IoT applications."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://techhq.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"agtech","item":"https://techhq.com/tag/agtech/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://techhq.com/#website","url":"https://techhq.com/","name":"TechHQ","description":"Technology and business","publisher":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://techhq.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://techhq.com/#organization","name":"TechHQ","url":"https://techhq.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://techhq.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/techHQ_thumbnail.png","contentUrl":"https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/techHQ_thumbnail.png","width":"400","height":"350","caption":"TechHQ"},"image":{"@id":"https://techhq.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/TechHQ-348609608954411/","https://x.com/techhq","https://www.instagram.com/techhq","https://www.linkedin.com/company/28143964/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://techhq.com/#/schema/person/f6c92036618b582d0be584fd0e5062ae","name":"James Tyrrell","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://techhq.com/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/thumbnail_author-blue-James-Tyler-125x125.png","contentUrl":"https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/thumbnail_author-blue-James-Tyler-125x125.png","caption":"James Tyrrell"},"description":"James enjoys diving deep into the world of technology and business, writing about a wide range of topics from IoT smart cities to voice cloning, and everything in between. He's always on the lookout for interesting plays in the industry and can't wait to share the latest insights with TechHQ readers. You'll find him at Hybrid's headquarters in Bristol, UK.","sameAs":["https://www.linkedin.com/in/jwgtyrrell","https://x.com/JT_bluebird1"],"url":"https://techhq.com/author/james-tyrrellhybrid-co/"}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="TechHQ » Feed" href="https://techhq.com/feed/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="TechHQ » Comments Feed" href="https://techhq.com/comments/feed/" /> <!-- This site uses the Google Analytics by MonsterInsights plugin v9.2.2 - Using Analytics tracking - https://www.monsterinsights.com/ --> <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-TZMMGYJV2R" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.2.2'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/01\/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-TZMMGYJV2R', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-TZMMGYJV2R', {"forceSSL":"true","anonymize_ip":"true","link_attribution":"true","focus_keyword":"Wi-Fi HaLow","seo_score":"83","tags":"agtech,IoT,Manufacturing,Medtech,Networks,wifi","post_type":"post","category":"Latest","page_path":location.pathname + location.search + location.hash} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script> <!-- / Google Analytics by MonsterInsights --> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/techhq.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style><link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://techhq.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style><link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/contact-form-7.min.css?ver=6.0' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-polls-css' href='https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/wp-polls.min.css?ver=2.77.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-polls-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wp-polls .pollbar { margin: 1px; font-size: 6px; line-height: 8px; height: 8px; background-image: url('https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-polls/images/default/pollbg.gif'); border: 1px solid #c8c8c8; } </style><link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-frontend-css' href='https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/css/frontend.min.css?ver=4.15.19' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-flatpickr-css' href='https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/flatpickr/flatpickr.min.css?ver=4.15.19' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='ppress-select2-css' href='https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/select2/select2.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='site-css-css' href='https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/css/site-css.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-premium/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=9.2.2" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/techhq.com","hash_tracking":"true","v4_id":"G-TZMMGYJV2R"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/flatpickr/flatpickr.min.js?ver=4.15.19" id="ppress-flatpickr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/select2/select2.min.js?ver=4.15.19" id="ppress-select2-js"></script><link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://techhq.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://techhq.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/231741" /><link rel='shortlink' href='https://techhq.com/?p=231741' /><link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://techhq.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" /><link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://techhq.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F&format=xml" /> <!-- Bombora Tag --> <script> //ccm informer (function(f,i,c){var a=decodeURIComponent,e="",l="",o="||",g=";;",h="split",b="length",j="indexOf",k=0,n="localStorage",m="_ccmdt";f[c]=f[c]||{};function d(q){var p;if(f[n]){return f[n][q]||""}else{p=i.cookie.match(q+"=([^;]*)");return(p&&p[1])||""}}f[c].us={};e=a(d(m))[h](o);k=e[b];if(k>0){while(k--){l=e[k][h]("=");if(l[b]>1){if(l[1][j](g)>-1){f[c].us[l[0]]=l[1][h](g);f[c].us[l[0]].pop()}else{f[c].us[l[0]]=l[1]}}}}})(window,document,"_ml"); //ccm tag (function () { _ml = window._ml || {}; _ml.eid = '84460'; _ml.informer = { callback: function (gaSet,gaSend) { //call back when profile is loaded if (typeof ga != 'undefined' && _ml.us) { _ml.us.tp && _ml.us.tp.length > 0 && ga(gaSet, 'dimension1', _ml.us.tp[0]); _ml.us.cr && ga(gaSet, 'dimension2', _ml.us.cr); _ml.us.cs && ga(gaSet, 'dimension3', _ml.us.cs); _ml.us.dm && ga(gaSet, 'dimension4', _ml.us.dm); _ml.us.pc && _ml.us.pc.length > 0 && ga(gaSet, 'dimension5', _ml.us.pc[0]); _ml.us.sn && ga(gaSet, 'dimension6', _ml.us.sn); _ml.us.dcm && ga(gaSet, 'dimension7', _ml.us.dcm ); _ml.us.fa && ga(gaSet, 'dimension8', _ml.us.fa ); _ml.us.ins && _ml.us.ins.length > 0 && ga(gaSet, 'dimension9', _ml.us.ins[0]); _ml.us.pg && _ml.us.pg.length > 0 && ga(gaSet, 'dimension10', _ml.us.pg[0]); _ml.us.edu && ga(gaSet, 'dimension11', _ml.us.edu ); _ml.us.ind && ga(gaSet, 'dimension12', _ml.us.ind); //send custom event to ga ga(gaSend, {'hitType': 'event', 'eventCategory': 'CCM', 'eventAction': 'Loaded Profile', 'nonInteraction': 1}); } }, enable: true }; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0], cd = new Date(), mltag = document.createElement('script'); mltag.type = 'text/javascript'; mltag.async = true; mltag.src = 'https://ml314.com/tag.aspx?' + cd.getDate() + cd.getMonth() + cd.getFullYear(); s.parentNode.insertBefore(mltag, s); })(); </script> <!-- End Bombora Tag --> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) TechForge Analystics --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-N0GXFZY5DC"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-N0GXFZY5DC'); </script><link href="https://trinitymedia.ai/" rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" /><link href="https://vd.trinitymedia.ai/" rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" /><link rel="icon" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/cropped-techHQ_thumbnail-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /><link rel="icon" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/cropped-techHQ_thumbnail-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/cropped-techHQ_thumbnail-180x180.png" /><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/cropped-techHQ_thumbnail-270x270.png" /> <style></style> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> .main-featured-box { height:600px!important; } .opinion-box-1 { height:600px!important; } .opinion-box-1 img { padding:10px 0px; } #hompage-top-podcast { margin-top:10px!important; } #hompage-top-podcast .episode_image { display:none; } .gfrom-dark .gfield, .gfrom-dark .gfield_label, .gfrom-dark .name_first label, .gfrom-dark .name_last label, .gfrom-dark .gform_confirmation_message { color:white; } .techforge-dropdown .is-submenu-item { width:100%!important; float:left!important; padding-left: 0.5rem!important; } </style> <style> /*.ratiosquare.wp-post-image{ display:none; } .see-also{ height: 110px; min-height: 0px; }*/ .home .home-row-6 .group .comp-1 .content .avatar img, .home .home-row-6 .group .comp-2 .content .avatar img{ height: auto !important; max-height: 45px; width: auto; } @media screen and (min-width: 75em){ .home .home-row-1 .main-featured-box .main-title-area{ max-height: 260px; min-height: 210px; }} @media screen and (max-width:720px){ #div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595759386336-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595758634907-0{ -moz-transform: scale(0.75, 0.75); -webkit-transform: scale(0.75, 0.75); -o-transform: scale(0.75, 0.75); -ms-transform: scale(0.75, 0.75); transform: scale(0.75, 0.75); -moz-transform-origin: top left; -webkit-transform-origin: top left; -o-transform-origin: top left; -ms-transform-origin: top left; transform-origin: top left; margin: 5px 0 -20px 50px !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:550px){ #div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595759386336-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595758634907-0{ -moz-transform: scale(0.67, 0.67); -webkit-transform: scale(0.67, 0.67); -o-transform: scale(0.67, 0.67); -ms-transform: scale(0.67, 0.67); transform: scale(0.67, 0.67); -moz-transform-origin: top left; -webkit-transform-origin: top left; -o-transform-origin: top left; -ms-transform-origin: top left; transform-origin: top left; } } @media screen and (max-width:520px){ #div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595759386336-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595758634907-0{ -moz-transform: scale(0.62, 0.62); -webkit-transform: scale(0.62, 0.62); -o-transform: scale(0.62, 0.62); -ms-transform: scale(0.62, 0.62); transform: scale(0.62, 0.62); -moz-transform-origin: top left; -webkit-transform-origin: top left; -o-transform-origin: top left; -ms-transform-origin: top left; transform-origin: top left; margin: 5px 0 -45px 30px !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ #div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595759386336-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595758634907-0{ -moz-transform: scale(0.58, 0.58); -webkit-transform: scale(0.58, 0.58); -o-transform: scale(0.58, 0.58); -ms-transform: scale(0.58, 0.58); transform: scale(0.58, 0.58); -moz-transform-origin: top left; -webkit-transform-origin: top left; -o-transform-origin: top left; -ms-transform-origin: top left; transform-origin: top left; } } @media screen and (max-width:430px){ #div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595759386336-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595758634907-0{ -moz-transform: scale(0.51, 0.51); -webkit-transform: scale(0.51, 0.51); -o-transform: scale(0.51, 0.51); -ms-transform: scale(0.51, 0.51); transform: scale(0.51, 0.51); -moz-transform-origin: top left; -webkit-transform-origin: top left; -o-transform-origin: top left; -ms-transform-origin: top left; transform-origin: top left; margin: 0px 0 -61px 7px !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:375px){ #div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595759386336-0, #div-gpt-ad-1595758634907-0{ -moz-transform: scale(0.48, 0.48); -webkit-transform: scale(0.48, 0.48); -o-transform: scale(0.48, 0.48); -ms-transform: scale(0.48, 0.48); transform: scale(0.48, 0.48); -moz-transform-origin: top left; -webkit-transform-origin: top left; -o-transform-origin: top left; -ms-transform-origin: top left; transform-origin: top left; margin: 0px 0 -67px 4px !important; } } .mobile-advert-mpu, .mobile-advert{ display:none;} .large-3.medium-3.small-6.columns.no-thumb-teaser{height: 120px; position: relative; } .large-3.medium-3.small-6.columns.no-thumb-teaser .row.columns.single-date-shares{ position: absolute; bottom: 0; } } .mobile-advert { display: none; } span.shares.blue, .entry-content span.shares{ color: #009DC4; font-family: "klavika-web"; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; } .ad_label:before{ content: "Advertisement"; color: grey; display: block; margin-top: -15px; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; color: #4A4A4A; font-family: "PT-Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; letter-spacing: 0.1em; margin-bottom: 10px; } .infinite-block { padding-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 25px !important; } .home .home-row-4 .stories .second-latest-box .sponsored-stories .sponsored-box .sponsored-area .avatar{height:50px !important;} .mobile-advert-mpu{ height: auto; display:none; padding-bottom: 5px; } .ad-in-article { display:none; margin: 0px auto; } @media (max-width: 480px){ .special-section{ height: 290px; } .ad-in-article { display:block !important; } } @media (max-width: 480px){ .mobile-advert-mpu{ display:block !important; } .ad-in-article { display:block !important; } } </style><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <!-- Hotjar Tracking Code for https://techhq.com/ <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:1596974,hjsv:6}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); </script> --></head> <!-- Uncomment this line if using the Off-Canvas Menu --><body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-231741 single-format-standard"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MHFDGNQ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --><div class="ldb-advert"> <!-- /101030411/TECHHQ_LDB_1 --><div id='div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0' style='width: 728px; height: 120px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 10px 0px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1595758502395-0'); }); </script></div> <style> .archive-row-2 .main-row .wrapper-padding .mixed-teasers article .main-title-area .main-title h2{ font-size: 32px; line-height: 36px; } </style></div> <!-- previous mobile container location --><div class="off-canvas-wrapper"><header class="header sticky_header" role="banner"> <!-- This navs will be applied to the topbar, above all content To see additional nav styles, visit the /parts directory --> <!-- By default, this menu will use off-canvas for small and a topbar for medium-up --><div class="row"><div class="top-bar nav-offcanvas-topbar" id="top-bar-menu"> <a href="https://techhq.com"><div class="top-bar-logo large-4 show-for-medium"> <img class="js-lazy-image logo-main-nav logo-black" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/TECHHQ_LOGO_STRAP_RGB_WHITE.svg"> <img class="js-lazy-image logo-main-nav logo-white hide" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/techHQ-logo-colour.svg"></div><div class="top-bar-logo large-4 hide-for-medium"> <img class="js-lazy-image logo-main-nav logo-black" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/TECHHQ_LOGO_RGB_WHITE-02.svg"> <img class="js-lazy-image logo-main-nav logo-white hide" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/techHQ-logo-colour.svg"></div> </a> <!--<div class="cta-section"> <a href=""> <img class="cta show-for-medium" src=""> </a> <a href=""> <img class="cta show-for-medium" src=""> </a> <a href=""> <img class="cta show-for-medium" src=""> </a></div> --><div class="float-right hide-me-when-stuck"><div id="top-bar-left" class="top-bar-left float-left slide-in show-for-large"><ul id="menu-main-navigation" class="vertical medium-horizontal menu" data-responsive-menu="accordion medium-dropdown" data-close-on-click-inside="false"><li id="menu-item-175769" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-175769"><a href="https://techhq.com/category/insights/">Insights</a></li><li id="menu-item-172290" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-172290"><a href="https://techhq.com/latest-tech/">Latest</a></li><li id="menu-item-172286" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-172286"><a href="https://techhq.com/popular-tech/">Popular</a></li><li id="menu-item-175733" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-175733"><a target="_blank">Topics</a></li><li id="menu-item-233791" class="techforge-dropdown menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-233791"><a href="#">TechForge Sites</a><ul class="menu"><li id="menu-item-233794" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233794"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.artificialintelligence-news.com/">Artificial Intelligence News</a></li><li id="menu-item-233792" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233792"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.cloudcomputing-news.net/">Cloud Tech News</a></li><li id="menu-item-233797" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233797"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.developer-tech.com/">Developer Tech News</a></li><li id="menu-item-233795" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233795"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.edgecomputing-news.com/">Edge Computing News</a></li><li id="menu-item-233793" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233793"><a target="_blank" href="https://iottechnews.com/">IoT Tech News</a></li><li id="menu-item-233799" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233799"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.marketingtechnews.net/">Marketing Tech News</a></li><li id="menu-item-233800" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233800"><a target="_blank" href="https://techwireasia.com/">Tech Wire Asia</a></li><li id="menu-item-233798" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233798"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.telecomstechnews.com/">Telecoms Tech News</a></li><li id="menu-item-233796" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233796"><a target="_blank" href="https://blockchaintechnology-news.com/">The Block</a></li><li id="menu-item-233805" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233805"><a target="_blank" href="https://techforge.pub/">TechForge Publishing</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-234261" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-234261"><a href="https://techexevent.com/?utm_source=TechHQ&utm_medium=menu">Events</a></li><li id="menu-item-234429" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-234429"><a href="https://jobs.techhq.com/">Jobs</a></li></ul></div><div id="top-bar-right" class="top-bar-right slide-in show-for-large"><ul class="menu"><li><a href="https://twitter.com/techhq" target="_blank" ><img class="js-lazy-image social-icon-nav" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/header-icon-twitter.svg"></a></li><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/TechHQ-348609608954411/" target="_blank" ><img class="js-lazy-image social-icon-nav" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/header-icon-facebook.svg"></a></li><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/28143964/" target="_blank" ><img class="js-lazy-image social-icon-nav" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/header-icon-linkedin.svg"></a></li><li> <!-- animated search form --><div id="wrap"><form action="/advanced-search" method="post"> <input id="keyword" name="keyword" class="keyword" type="text" value="" placeholder="What are you searching for?"> <input id="search_submit" value="Submit" type="submit"> <input id="advsearch" name="advsearch" type="hidden" value="1" /></form></div> <!-- <a><i id="expand-search" class="fa fa-search search-icon-nav"></i></a>--></li></ul></div></div><div class="top-bar-right float-right hide-for-large hide-me-when-stuck"><ul class="menu"><li><a><i id="expand-search-mobile" class="fa fa-search search-icon-nav"></i></a></li><li class="li-menu-icon"><button id="burger-icon" class="menu-icon" type="button" data-toggle="off-canvas"></button></li> <!--<li><a data-toggle="off-canvas">Menu</a></li>--></ul></div><div class="top-bar-search float-left large-9 slide-out show-for-large hide-me-when-stuck"><form id="nav-search-disabled" action="/advanced-search" method="post"><div class="input-group large-12 medium-12 columns"> <span class="input-group-label"> <i class="fa fa-search search-icon-nav"></i> </span> <input id="keyword" name="keyword" class="input-group-field keyword" type="text" value="" placeholder="What are you searching for?"/> <span class="input-group-label"> <a><i id="collapse-search" class="fa fa-times search-icon-nav"></i></a> </span></div> <input id="advsearch" name="advsearch" type="hidden" value="1" /></form></div></div></div><div class="top-bar-search-mobile float-left slide-bottom hide-for-large"><form id="nav-search-mobile" action="/advanced-search" method="post"><div class="input-group large-12 medium-12 columns"> <span class="input-group-label"> <i class="fa fa-search search-icon-nav"></i> </span> <input id="keyword" name="keyword" class="input-group-field" type="text" value="" placeholder="What are you searching for?"/></div> <input id="advsearch" name="advsearch" type="hidden" value="1" /></form></div><div class="nav-primary-tags float-left large-12 slide-out show-for-large"><div class="row" data-equalizer="nav-pri-tags" data-equalize-on="medium"><h3>POPULAR TOPICS</h3><div class="large-3 columns" data-equalizer-watch="nav-pri-tags"> <a href="/tag/big-data"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Big Data</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/artificial-intelligence"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Artificial Intelligence</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/digital-marketing"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Digital Marketing</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/iot"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>IoT</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/security"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Security</span></div></a></div><div class="large-9 columns" data-equalizer-watch="nav-pri-tags"> <a href="/tag/social-media"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Social Media</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/automation"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Automation</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/productivity"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Productivity</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/supply-chain"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Supply Chain</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/digital-transformation"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Digital Transformation</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/e-commerce"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>E-commerce</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/payments"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Payments</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/analytics"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Analytics</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/business-intelligence"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Business Intelligence</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/apps"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Apps</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/cryptocurrency"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Cryptocurrency</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/cloud"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Cloud</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/fintech"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Fintech</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/ai"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>AI</span></div></a></div></div></div> <script> jQuery("#expand-search").click(function(){ jQuery("#top-bar-left").removeClass("slide-in"); jQuery("#top-bar-right").removeClass("slide-in"); jQuery("#top-bar-left").addClass("slide-out"); jQuery("#top-bar-right").addClass("slide-out"); if(jQuery(".top-bar-search").hasClass("slide-out")){ jQuery(".top-bar-search").removeClass("slide-out"); jQuery(".top-bar-search").addClass("slide-in"); } if(jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").hasClass("slide-out")){ jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").removeClass("slide-out"); jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").addClass("slide-in"); } }); jQuery("#collapse-search").click(function(){ if(jQuery(".top-bar-search").hasClass("slide-in")){ jQuery(".top-bar-search").removeClass("slide-in"); jQuery(".top-bar-search").addClass("slide-out"); } if(jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").hasClass("slide-in")){ jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").removeClass("slide-in"); jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").addClass("slide-out"); } jQuery("#top-bar-left").removeClass("slide-out"); jQuery("#top-bar-right").removeClass("slide-out"); jQuery("#top-bar-left").addClass("slide-in"); jQuery("#top-bar-right").addClass("slide-in"); }); jQuery("#expand-search-mobile").click(function(){ //close mobile menu if(jQuery(".header").hasClass("go-off-canvas")){ jQuery(".header").removeClass("go-off-canvas"); jQuery("#burger-icon").removeClass("fa fa-times search-icon-nav").addClass("menu-icon"); jQuery(".off-canvas").removeClass("is-open"); jQuery(".off-canvas").attr('aria-hidden', 'true'); jQuery(".js-off-canvas-overlay").removeClass("is-visible is-closable"); } if(jQuery(".top-bar-search-mobile").hasClass("slide-bottom")){ jQuery(".top-bar-search-mobile").removeClass("slide-bottom"); //jQuery(".top-bar-search-mobile").addClass("show"); jQuery("#expand-search-mobile").removeClass("fa-search"); jQuery("#expand-search-mobile").addClass("fa-times"); jQuery(".js-off-canvas-overlay").addClass("is-visible"); } else { jQuery(".top-bar-search-mobile").addClass("slide-bottom"); jQuery("#expand-search-mobile").removeClass("fa-times"); jQuery("#expand-search-mobile").addClass("fa-search"); jQuery(".js-off-canvas-overlay").removeClass("is-visible"); } }); jQuery("#burger-icon").click(function(){ //close search if(!jQuery(".top-bar-search-mobile").hasClass("slide-bottom")){ jQuery(".top-bar-search-mobile").addClass("slide-bottom"); jQuery("#expand-search-mobile").removeClass("fa-times"); jQuery("#expand-search-mobile").addClass("fa-search"); jQuery(".js-off-canvas-overlay").removeClass("is-visible"); } if(jQuery(".header").hasClass("go-off-canvas")){ jQuery(".header").removeClass("go-off-canvas"); jQuery("#burger-icon").removeClass("fa fa-times search-icon-nav").addClass("menu-icon"); } else { jQuery(".header").addClass("go-off-canvas"); jQuery("#burger-icon").removeClass("menu-icon").addClass("fa fa-times search-icon-nav"); } }); </script></header> <!-- end .header<div class="mobile-advert" style=""><div class="ad"></div></div>--><div class="off-canvas position-right" id="off-canvas" data-off-canvas><ul id="menu-main-navigation-1" class="vertical menu" data-accordion-menu><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-175769"><a href="https://techhq.com/category/insights/">Insights</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-172290"><a href="https://techhq.com/latest-tech/">Latest</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-172286"><a href="https://techhq.com/popular-tech/">Popular</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-175733"><a target="_blank">Topics</a></li><li class="techforge-dropdown menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-233791"><a href="#">TechForge Sites</a><ul class="vertical menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233794"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.artificialintelligence-news.com/">Artificial Intelligence News</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233792"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.cloudcomputing-news.net/">Cloud Tech News</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233797"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.developer-tech.com/">Developer Tech News</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233795"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.edgecomputing-news.com/">Edge Computing News</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233793"><a target="_blank" href="https://iottechnews.com/">IoT Tech News</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233799"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.marketingtechnews.net/">Marketing Tech News</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233800"><a target="_blank" href="https://techwireasia.com/">Tech Wire Asia</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233798"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.telecomstechnews.com/">Telecoms Tech News</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233796"><a target="_blank" href="https://blockchaintechnology-news.com/">The Block</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-233805"><a target="_blank" href="https://techforge.pub/">TechForge Publishing</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-234261"><a href="https://techexevent.com/?utm_source=TechHQ&utm_medium=menu">Events</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-234429"><a href="https://jobs.techhq.com/">Jobs</a></li></ul><div class="nav-primary-tags float-left large-12 slide-out"><div class="row" data-equalizer="nav-pri-tags" data-equalize-on="medium"><h3>POPULAR TOPICS</h3><div class="large-3 columns" data-equalizer-watch="nav-pri-tags"> <a href="/tag/big-data"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Big Data</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/artificial-intelligence"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Artificial Intelligence</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/digital-marketing"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Digital Marketing</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/iot"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>IoT</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/security"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Security</span></div></a></div><div class="large-9 columns" data-equalizer-watch="nav-pri-tags"> <a href="/tag/social-media"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Social Media</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/automation"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Automation</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/productivity"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Productivity</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/supply-chain"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Supply Chain</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/digital-transformation"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Digital Transformation</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/e-commerce"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>E-commerce</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/payments"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Payments</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/analytics"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Analytics</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/business-intelligence"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Business Intelligence</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/apps"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Apps</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/cryptocurrency"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Cryptocurrency</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/cloud"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Cloud</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/fintech"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>Fintech</span></div></a> <a href="/tag/ai"><div class="float-left nav-primary-tag-label"> <span>AI</span></div></a></div></div></div><ul class="menu social"><li><a href="https://twitter.com/techhq" target="_blank"><img class="social-icon-nav" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/header-icon-twitter.svg"></a></li><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/TechHQ-348609608954411/" target="_blank"><img class="social-icon-nav" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/header-icon-facebook.svg"></a></li><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/28143964/" target="_blank"><img class="social-icon-nav" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/header-icon-linkedin.svg"></a></li></ul></div><div class="off-canvas-content" data-off-canvas-content><div id="fb-root"></div> <script>(function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v2.10&appId=128390164441797"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script><div id="content"><div id="inner-content"><main id="main" class="article-feed" role="main"> <style> a { color: #141414; font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; } </style><article id="post-231741" class="article loop-single post-231741 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-insights category-latest tag-agtech tag-iot tag-manufacturing tag-medtech tag-networks tag-wifi" role="article" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting"> <!--<section class="entry-content float-left width_100pc" itemprop="articleBody"> --><section class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody"> <!-- row 1 --><div class="row single-row-1" data-equalizer data-equalize-on="medium"> <!-- social media icons --><div class="large-2 medium-2 columns social-media-icons" data-equalizer-watch><div class="social-icons-group sticky_column animated fadeIn"> <a href="#comments-231741"> <img class="social-icon-nav sticky_hide animated fadeIn" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-comments.svg"> </a> <!-- <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> --> <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="social-icon-nav sticky_hide animated fadeIn" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-twitter.svg"> </a> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="social-icon-nav sticky_hide animated fadeIn" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-linkedin.svg"> </a> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="social-icon-nav sticky_hide animated fadeIn" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-facebook.svg"> </a> <!-- <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> --> <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="cta show-for-medium sticky_show animated fadeIn" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/CTA-share-twitter.svg"> </a> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="cta show-for-medium sticky_show animated fadeIn" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/CTA-share-facebook.svg"> </a> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="cta show-for-medium sticky_show animated fadeIn" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/CTA-share-linkedin.svg"> </a></div></div> <!-- main area --><div class="large-7 medium-7 columns main-area" data-equalizer-watch> <!-- primary tag --><div class="row columns single-tag"> <!-- breadcrumbs --> <a class="primary-tag" href="https://techhq.com/tag/iot/" rel="tag"> IOT </a></div> <!-- title --><div class="row columns main-headlines"><h1 class="entry-title single-title animated fadeInUp" itemprop="headline"> Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks</h1></div> <!-- post summary --><div class="row columns post-summary"> Wi-Fi HaLow technology boasts over 1 km range and can connect up to 8191 devices per access point, making it ideal for building wireless IoT networks.</div> <!-- date & shares --><div class="row columns single-date-shares"> 30 January 2024</div></div><div class="large-3 medium-3 columns social-icons-mobile" data-equalizer-watch><div class="social-icons-group sticky_column"> <a href="#comments-231741"> <img class="social-icon-nav sticky_hide animated fadeInDown" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-comments.svg"> </a> <!-- <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> --> <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="social-icon-nav sticky_hide animated fadeInDown" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-twitter.svg"> </a> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" target="_blank"> <img class="social-icon-nav sticky_hide animated fadeInDown" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-linkedin.svg"> </a> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks"> <img class="social-icon-nav sticky_hide animated fadeInDown" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-facebook.svg"> </a> <!-- <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> --> <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="cta hide-for-medium sticky_show animated fadeInUp" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-twitter.svg"> </a> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks"> <img class="cta hide-for-medium sticky_show animated fadeInUp" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-facebook.svg"> </a> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" target="_blank"> <img class="cta hide-for-medium sticky_show animated fadeInUp" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-share-linkedin.svg"> </a></div></div></div> <!-- row 2 --><div class="row single-row-2" data-equalizer> <!-- featured image --><div class="large-9 medium-9 columns single-featured-image" data-equalizer-watch> <img width="861" height="484" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-861x484.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-861w484h size-thumb-861w484h wp-post-image" alt="Wi-Fi HaLow wireless networks can transmit as far as 3 km, go through walls, and connect over 8000 devices per access point." decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-861x484.jpg 861w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-300x169.jpg 300w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-768x432.jpg 768w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-560x315.jpg 560w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-223x126.jpg 223w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-800x450.jpg 800w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-375x210.jpg 375w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px-757x426.jpg 757w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Wi-FiHaLow_wireless_IoT_networks_1024px.jpg 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 861px) 100vw, 861px" /></div> <!-- author & caption --><div class="large-3 medium-3 columns single-author-caption" data-equalizer-watch> <!-- author --><div class="row columns single-author"><div class="large-5 medium-5 columns author-thumbnail"><div class="avatar"><img data-del="avatar" src='https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/thumbnail_author-blue-James-Tyler-125x125.png' class='avatar pp-user-avatar avatar-96wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar- photo ' height='96' width='96'/></div></div><div class="large-7 medium-7 columns author-details"><p class="author-name"> <a href="https://techhq.com/author/james-tyrrellhybrid-co/" title="Posts by James Tyrrell" rel="author">James Tyrrell</a></p><p class="author-twitter"> <img class="social-icon-nav" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-author-twitter.svg"> <a href="https://twitter.com/JT_bluebird1" target="_blank"> @JT_bluebird1 </a></p><p class="author-email"> <img class="social-icon-nav" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-author-mail.svg"> <a href="mailto:james.tyrrell@hybrid.co" target="_blank"> james.tyrrell@hybrid.co </a></p></div><div class="large-12 medium-12 columns author-cta"> <a class="button" href="https://techhq.com/author/james-tyrrellhybrid-co/"> All stories </a></div></div> <!-- caption --><div class="row columns single-caption"><p class="caption"> KAPOW! Wi-Fi HaLow could be the superhero of wireless networks by supporting energy-efficient, long-range IoT applications.</p></div></div></div> <!-- row 3 --><div class="row single-row-3"> <!-- left col --><div class="large-2 medium-2 columns empty-col"></div> <!-- main content --><div class="large-7 medium-7 columns single-content" id="article-body"> <!-- article --><table id="trinity-audio-table" style="width: 100%; display: table; border: none; margin: 0"><tr><td id="trinity-audio-tab" style="border: none;"><div id="trinity-audio-player-label"></div> <script nitro-exclude data-wpfc-render='false' data-cfasync='false' data-no-optimize='1' data-no-defer='1' data-no-minify='1' data-trinity-mount-date='2024-11-27 07:30:12' id='trinity_tts_wp_config'>var TRINITY_TTS_WP_CONFIG = {"cleanText":"Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks. Back in 2017, the IEEE published a networking standard that would enable wireless users to do some very clever things, such as connect more than 8000 devices to a single access point. Multiple devices supporting the wireless networking protocol, dubbed Wi-Fi HaLow (802.11ah), are starting to hit the market. And having Wi-Fi that\u2019s accessible from over 1 km away, together with other IoT-friendly features, is getting developers interested. A quick history of Wi-Fi\u23f8\u2587 Wi-Fi has become the de facto way for a huge number of devices to connect to the internet \u2013 so much so that you\u2019ll struggle to find a modern laptop with a built-in wired Ethernet port. And when we\u2019re talking about Wi-Fi, we\u2019re referring to an IEEE wireless Ethernet standard known as 802.11. Over the years, that standard has evolved to support faster data transmission rates and operate across higher frequency bandwidths. Also, since 2008, the updates have been numbered 4 (802.11n), 5 (802.11ac), and 6 (802.11ax). Wi-Fi 7 was officially certified by the Wi-Fi Alliance on 8 Jan 2024. However, there\u2019s a trade-off between range and data transmission rate, as home broadband users will be aware of. At 2.4 GHz, the wireless network will probably cover the whole house \u2013 unless you\u2019ve got some particularly thick walls in the way. However, at 5 GHz you may need to add a range extender. And by the time you get to the super-high throughput 6 GHz band supported by Wi-Fi 6 and 7, you\u2019ll find that transmission is limited even further. Wi-Fi HaLow was created to provide a low-power wide area network necessary to support the large-scale deployment of IoT devices \u2013 for example, in industrial settings inside and outside of large buildings \u2013 while retaining all of the advantages of wireless Ethernet. Use cases for Wi-Fi HaLow\u23f8\u2587 A great example of how Wi-Fi HaLow wireless networks can benefit warehousing and retail is electronic shelf edge labels. These devices \u2013 based on battery-powered LCD or electronic paper screens \u2013 can be easily managed via Wi-Fi HaLow, which not only accommodates thousands of connected devices, but also provides energy-efficient networking. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xd0e3nH0KzI The power-saving nature of Wi-Fi HaLow is well-suited to battery-powered clients, which dramatically broadens the scope of where IoT technology can be deployed. For example, systems could be ideal for agricultural applications, bringing IoT into the field and barn. The wide-area coverage is also well-suited for manufacturing, healthcare, and smart city applications \u2013 to list just a few more industrial IoT scenarios. Taiwan-based AsiaRF has shown how wearable Wi-Fi HaLow gateway devices turn smartphones into walkie-talkies, with numerous industrial use cases. According to the engineers involved in the test, voice communications were clear when participants were stationary and on the move, up to a range of 1.5 km. Morse Micro \u2013 a fabless semiconductor start-up \u2013 went even further and demonstrated that it was possible to hold a video call between devices at either end of Ocean Beach in California, US, using an 802.11ah wireless network with a 3 km reach. Also, unlike other long-range wireless networking solutions such as LoRaWAN, Wi-Fi HaLow has all of the authentication and encryption features of a regular Wi-Fi network \u2013 such as WPA3-strength passwords, which is a boost for security. Examples of 802.11ah chipsets -\u23f8\u2587 \tFn-Link 4108E-S Wi-Fi HaLow Module\u23f8\u2587 \tTaiXin Semiconductor TXW8301\u23f8\u2587 \tMorse Micro MM6108 SoC featuring radio, PHY, and MAC components\u23f8\u2587 \tNewracom 802.11 ah Wi-Fi HaLow System-On-a-Chip\u23f8\u2587 \tPalma Ceia SemiDesign PCS2100 Wi-Fi HaLow STA modem chip\u23f8\u2587 \tSilex Technology SX-NEWAH 802.11ah Wi-Fi Solution for IoT Devices\u23f8\u2587 Circling back to how Wi-Fi HaLow is capable of supporting small battery-powered devices, UK telecommunications training provider MPIRICAL does a good job of explaining what's happening under the hood. The first option is for the network to store data on behalf of connected devices until they wake up. An alternative is for devices and access points to negotiate a schedule, which means that clients can power down and dramatically extend their battery life. If all goes to plan, this should be great news for supporting large-scale IoT developments \u2013 particularly across relatively inaccessible areas. Having a long battery life could give the go-ahead to projects that were previously thought to be unviable using older Wi-Fi infrastructure. Looking to learn more? Explore the Upcoming IoT Tech Expo Want to learn about the IoT from industry leaders? Check out IoT Tech Expo taking place in Amsterdam, California, and London.\u00a0 ","headlineText":"Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks","articleText":"Back in 2017, the IEEE published a networking standard that would enable wireless users to do some very clever things, such as connect more than 8000 devices to a single access point. Multiple devices supporting the wireless networking protocol, dubbed Wi-Fi HaLow (802.11ah), are starting to hit the market. And having Wi-Fi that\u2019s accessible from over 1 km away, together with other IoT-friendly features, is getting developers interested. A quick history of Wi-Fi\u23f8\u2587 Wi-Fi has become the de facto way for a huge number of devices to connect to the internet \u2013 so much so that you\u2019ll struggle to find a modern laptop with a built-in wired Ethernet port. And when we\u2019re talking about Wi-Fi, we\u2019re referring to an IEEE wireless Ethernet standard known as 802.11. Over the years, that standard has evolved to support faster data transmission rates and operate across higher frequency bandwidths. Also, since 2008, the updates have been numbered 4 (802.11n), 5 (802.11ac), and 6 (802.11ax). Wi-Fi 7 was officially certified by the Wi-Fi Alliance on 8 Jan 2024. However, there\u2019s a trade-off between range and data transmission rate, as home broadband users will be aware of. At 2.4 GHz, the wireless network will probably cover the whole house \u2013 unless you\u2019ve got some particularly thick walls in the way. However, at 5 GHz you may need to add a range extender. And by the time you get to the super-high throughput 6 GHz band supported by Wi-Fi 6 and 7, you\u2019ll find that transmission is limited even further. Wi-Fi HaLow was created to provide a low-power wide area network necessary to support the large-scale deployment of IoT devices \u2013 for example, in industrial settings inside and outside of large buildings \u2013 while retaining all of the advantages of wireless Ethernet. Use cases for Wi-Fi HaLow\u23f8\u2587 A great example of how Wi-Fi HaLow wireless networks can benefit warehousing and retail is electronic shelf edge labels. These devices \u2013 based on battery-powered LCD or electronic paper screens \u2013 can be easily managed via Wi-Fi HaLow, which not only accommodates thousands of connected devices, but also provides energy-efficient networking. https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xd0e3nH0KzI The power-saving nature of Wi-Fi HaLow is well-suited to battery-powered clients, which dramatically broadens the scope of where IoT technology can be deployed. For example, systems could be ideal for agricultural applications, bringing IoT into the field and barn. The wide-area coverage is also well-suited for manufacturing, healthcare, and smart city applications \u2013 to list just a few more industrial IoT scenarios. Taiwan-based AsiaRF has shown how wearable Wi-Fi HaLow gateway devices turn smartphones into walkie-talkies, with numerous industrial use cases. According to the engineers involved in the test, voice communications were clear when participants were stationary and on the move, up to a range of 1.5 km. Morse Micro \u2013 a fabless semiconductor start-up \u2013 went even further and demonstrated that it was possible to hold a video call between devices at either end of Ocean Beach in California, US, using an 802.11ah wireless network with a 3 km reach. Also, unlike other long-range wireless networking solutions such as LoRaWAN, Wi-Fi HaLow has all of the authentication and encryption features of a regular Wi-Fi network \u2013 such as WPA3-strength passwords, which is a boost for security. Examples of 802.11ah chipsets -\u23f8\u2587 \tFn-Link 4108E-S Wi-Fi HaLow Module\u23f8\u2587 \tTaiXin Semiconductor TXW8301\u23f8\u2587 \tMorse Micro MM6108 SoC featuring radio, PHY, and MAC components\u23f8\u2587 \tNewracom 802.11 ah Wi-Fi HaLow System-On-a-Chip\u23f8\u2587 \tPalma Ceia SemiDesign PCS2100 Wi-Fi HaLow STA modem chip\u23f8\u2587 \tSilex Technology SX-NEWAH 802.11ah Wi-Fi Solution for IoT Devices\u23f8\u2587 Circling back to how Wi-Fi HaLow is capable of supporting small battery-powered devices, UK telecommunications training provider MPIRICAL does a good job of explaining what's happening under the hood. The first option is for the network to store data on behalf of connected devices until they wake up. An alternative is for devices and access points to negotiate a schedule, which means that clients can power down and dramatically extend their battery life. If all goes to plan, this should be great news for supporting large-scale IoT developments \u2013 particularly across relatively inaccessible areas. Having a long battery life could give the go-ahead to projects that were previously thought to be unviable using older Wi-Fi infrastructure. Looking to learn more? Explore the Upcoming IoT Tech Expo Want to learn about the IoT from industry leaders? Check out IoT Tech Expo taking place in Amsterdam, California, and London.\u00a0 ","metadata":{"author":"James Tyrrell"},"pluginVersion":"5.11"};</script><div class='trinityAudioPlaceholder' data-trinity-mount-date='2024-11-27 07:30:12'><div class='trinity-tts-pb' dir='ltr' style='font: 12px / 18px Verdana, Arial; height: 80px; line-height: 80px; text-align: left; margin: 0 0 0 82px;'> <strong style='font-weight: 400'>Getting your <a href='//trinityaudio.ai' style='color: #4b4a4a; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 700;'>Trinity Audio</a> player ready...</strong></div></div></td></tr></table><p>Back in 2017, the IEEE published a networking standard that would enable wireless users to do some very clever things, such as connect more than 8000 devices to a single access point. Multiple devices supporting the wireless networking protocol, dubbed Wi-Fi HaLow (802.11ah), are starting to hit the market. And having Wi-Fi that’s accessible from over 1 km away, together with other IoT-friendly features, is getting developers interested.</p><h2>A quick history of Wi-Fi</h2><p>Wi-Fi has become the de facto way for a huge number of devices to connect to the internet – so much so that you’ll struggle to find a modern laptop with a built-in wired Ethernet port. And when we’re talking about Wi-Fi, we’re referring to an IEEE wireless Ethernet standard known as 802.11.</p><div class='mobile-advert-mpu' style='background:#fff'><div class='ad-in-article'><div style='text-align: center' id='in-article'> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.display('in-article');}); </script></div></div></div><p>Over the years, that standard has evolved to support faster data transmission rates and operate across higher frequency bandwidths. Also, since 2008, the updates have been numbered 4 (802.11n), 5 (802.11ac), and 6 (802.11ax). <a href="https://www.wi-fi.org/news-events/newsroom/wi-fi-alliance-introduces-wi-fi-certified-7">Wi-Fi 7 was officially certified by the Wi-Fi Alliance on 8 Jan 2024</a>.</p><div class="see-also left"><div class="row columns" data-equalizer="left230632"><h3 class="read-next-title">READ NEXT</h3><a href=https://techhq.com/2023/12/how-can-we-define-5g-in-terms-of-business-and-enterprise-use-cases/><div class="large-12 medium-12 small-4 columns see-also-thumbnail" data-equalizer-watch="left230632"><img decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/5g-business-use-cases-include-robotics-and-automation-1024px-150x150.jpg" class="ratiosquare wp-post-image" alt="5G business use cases" srcset="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/5g-business-use-cases-include-robotics-and-automation-1024px-150x150.jpg 150w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/5g-business-use-cases-include-robotics-and-automation-1024px-361x361.jpg 361w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/5g-business-use-cases-include-robotics-and-automation-1024px-160x160.jpg 160w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/5g-business-use-cases-include-robotics-and-automation-1024px-167x167.jpg 167w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/5g-business-use-cases-include-robotics-and-automation-1024px-409x409.jpg 409w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/5g-business-use-cases-include-robotics-and-automation-1024px-125x125.jpg 125w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></div><div class="large-12 medium-12 small-8 columns see-also-text" data-equalizer-watch="left230632"><h4>Defining 5G in terms of business and enterprise use cases</h4></div></a></div></div><p>However, there’s a trade-off between range and data transmission rate, as home broadband users will be aware of. At 2.4 GHz, the wireless network will probably cover the whole house – unless you’ve got some particularly thick walls in the way. However, at 5 GHz you may need to add a range extender. And by the time you get to the super-high throughput 6 GHz band supported by Wi-Fi 6 and 7, you’ll find that transmission is limited even further.</p><p>Wi-Fi HaLow was created to provide a low-power wide area network necessary to support the large-scale deployment of IoT devices – for example, in industrial settings inside and outside of large buildings – while retaining all of the advantages of wireless Ethernet.</p><h2>Use cases for Wi-Fi HaLow</h2><p>A great example of how Wi-Fi HaLow wireless networks can benefit warehousing and retail is electronic shelf edge labels. These devices – based on battery-powered LCD or electronic paper screens – can be easily managed via Wi-Fi HaLow, which not only accommodates thousands of connected devices, but also provides energy-efficient networking.</p><p><iframe loading="lazy" title="Wi-Fi HaLow 1000+ Device Network Demo" width="1200" height="675" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/xd0e3nH0KzI?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe><br /> The power-saving nature of Wi-Fi HaLow is well-suited to battery-powered clients, which dramatically broadens the scope of where IoT technology can be deployed. For example, systems could be ideal for agricultural applications, bringing IoT into the field and barn. The wide-area coverage is also well-suited for manufacturing, healthcare, and <a href="https://techhq.com/2022/09/v2x/">smart city applications</a> – to list just a few more industrial IoT scenarios.</p><p><a href="https://www.asiarf.com/">Taiwan-based AsiaRF</a> has shown how wearable Wi-Fi HaLow gateway devices turn smartphones into walkie-talkies, with numerous industrial use cases. According to the engineers involved in the test, voice communications were clear when participants were stationary and on the move, up to a range of 1.5 km. Morse Micro – a fabless semiconductor start-up – went even further and demonstrated that it was possible to hold a video call between devices at either end of Ocean Beach in California, US, using <a href="https://www.morsemicro.com/2024/01/23/morse-micro-demonstrates-worlds-longest-range-wi-fi-halow-solution-reaching-3-kilometers/">an 802.11ah wireless network with a 3 km reach</a>.</p><p>Also, unlike other long-range wireless networking solutions such as LoRaWAN, Wi-Fi HaLow has all of the authentication and encryption features of a regular Wi-Fi network – such as WPA3-strength passwords, which is a boost for security.</p><h3>Examples of 802.11ah chipsets –</h3><ul><li><a href="https://www.fn-link.com/4108E-S-Wi-Fi-HaLow-Module-pd766894388.html">Fn-Link 4108E-S Wi-Fi HaLow Module</a></li><li><a href="https://en.taixin-semi.com/Product?prouctSubClass=33">TaiXin Semiconductor TXW8301</a></li><li><a href="https://www.morsemicro.com/products/">Morse Micro MM6108 SoC featuring radio, PHY, and MAC components</a></li><li><a href="https://newracom.com/products/nrc4792">Newracom 802.11 ah Wi-Fi HaLow System-On-a-Chip</a></li><li><a href="https://www.pcsemi.com/products/pcs2100-wi-fi-halow-iot-sta-client/">Palma Ceia SemiDesign PCS2100 Wi-Fi HaLow STA modem chip</a></li><li><a href="https://www.silextechnology.com/wi-fi-halow-80211ah">Silex Technology SX-NEWAH 802.11ah Wi-Fi Solution for IoT Devices</a></li></ul><p>Circling back to how Wi-Fi HaLow is capable of supporting small battery-powered devices, <a href="https://www.mpirical.com/">UK telecommunications training provider MPIRICAL</a> does a good job of explaining what’s happening under the hood. The first option is for the network to store data on behalf of connected devices until they wake up. An alternative is for devices and access points to negotiate a schedule, which means that clients can power down and dramatically extend their battery life.</p><p>If all goes to plan, this should be great news for supporting large-scale IoT developments – particularly across relatively inaccessible areas. Having a long battery life could give the go-ahead to projects that were previously thought to be unviable using older Wi-Fi infrastructure.</p><p><b>Looking to learn more? Explore the Upcoming IoT Tech Expo</b></p><p><a href="https://www.iottechexpo.com/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="alignnone wp-image-233559" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/iot-tech-expo-world-728x-90-02-300x37.png" alt="" width="876" height="108" srcset="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/iot-tech-expo-world-728x-90-02-300x37.png 300w, https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/iot-tech-expo-world-728x-90-02.png 728w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 876px) 100vw, 876px" /></a></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Want to learn about the IoT from industry leaders? Check out </span><a href="https://www.iottechexpo.com/?utm_source=TechHQ&utm_medium=article-referral"><span style="font-weight: 400;">IoT Tech Expo</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> taking place in Amsterdam, California, and London. </span></p></p> <br><div class="row columns single-tail"> <!-- secondary tags --><div class="large-6 medium-12 small-12 columns secondary-tags"> <a class="secondary-tag button" href="https://techhq.com/tag/agtech" rel="tag"> Agtech </a> <a class="secondary-tag button" href="https://techhq.com/tag/manufacturing" rel="tag"> Manufacturing </a></div> <!-- social sharing --><div class="large-6 medium-12 small-12 columns social-icons"> <span class="share">SHARE</span><ul><li> <a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" target="_blank"> <img class="social-icon-nav" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/facebook-icon.svg"> </a></li><li> <!-- <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> --> <a href="http://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Wi-Fi+HaLow+runs+rings+around+old-style+wireless+networks&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href,'targetWindow','toolbar=no,location=0,status=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=600,height=400'); return false;"> <img class="social-icon-nav" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/twitter-icon.svg"> </a></li><li> <a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" target="_blank"> <img class="social-icon-nav" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/linkedin-icon.svg"> </a></li><li> <a href="http://www.reddit.com/submit?urlhttps://techhq.com/2024/01/wi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks/&title=Wi-Fi HaLow runs rings around old-style wireless networks" target="_blank"> <img class="social-icon-nav" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/reddit-icon.svg"> </a></li></ul></div></div> <!-- author tablet mobile --><div class="row columns author-tablet-mobile"> <!-- author pic --><div class="medium-2 small-2 columns author-pic"><div class="avatar"><img data-del="avatar" src='https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/thumbnail_author-blue-James-Tyler-125x125.png' class='avatar pp-user-avatar avatar-96wp-user-avatar wp-user-avatar- photo ' height='96' width='96'/></div></div> <!-- author details --><div class="medium-7 small-7 columns author-details"><p class="author-name"> <a href="https://techhq.com/author/james-tyrrellhybrid-co/" title="Posts by James Tyrrell" rel="author">James Tyrrell</a></p><p class="author-twitter"> <img class="social-icon-nav" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-author-twitter.svg"> <a href="https://twitter.com/JT_bluebird1" target="_blank"> @JT_bluebird1 </a></p><p class="author-email"> <img class="social-icon-nav" src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/icon-author-mail.svg"> <a href="mailto:james.tyrrell@hybrid.co" target="_blank"> james.tyrrell@hybrid.co </a></p></div> <!-- author cta --><div class="medium-3 small-3 columns author-cta"> <a class="button" href="https://techhq.com/author/james-tyrrellhybrid-co/"> All stories </a></div></div> <br> <br></div> <!-- sidebar --><div class="large-3 medium-3 columns popular-stories show-for-medium"><div class="side-bar-advert-1"> <!-- /101030411/TECHHQ_MPU_1 --><div id='div-6'> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-6'); }); </script></div> <!--<div id='div-gpt-ad-1520939459600-0' style='height:250px; width:300px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1520939459600-0'); }); </script></div> --></div> <!-- sidebar --><div id='linked-site' style="margin: 40px auto; width:300px;"> <a href="https://www.iottechexpo.com/global/?utm_source=TechHQ&utm_medium=mpu" target="_blank"><img src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/IoT-Expo-Global-300x6004-1.png" alt="TechEx AI Expo promo" /></a></div> <!-- /101030411/TECHHQ_MPU_1 --><div id='div-gpt-ad-1595758569531-0' style='width: 300px; height: 250px;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1595758569531-0'); }); </script></div> <!--<div id='widget-display' style="margin: 0 auto; position: relative;margin-left:-10px;width:130%" class='jobbioapp'></div> <script async src="https://widgets.jobbio.com/partner_fluid_widgets_v1.6.1/display.min.js" id="jobbio-display-script"></script> <script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () { jobbio_display.widget({ slug: 'tech-hq-jobs', container: 'widget-display', style: 'sidebar', count: 5, type: 'multiple', content: 'jobs', searchTerm: 'tech', }); }, false); </script> --></div></div> <br> <!-- row 5 --><div class="row expanded single-row-5"><div class="row"> <!-- read more --><div class="large-4 medium-4 columns read-more"><div class="thumb-box"> <a href="https://techhq.com/2024/11/the-enduring-legacy-of-the-osi-model-in-a-cloud-first-world/"> <img width="359" height="196" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/global-connections-background-social-media-banner-359x196.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-359w196h size-thumb-359w196h wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><br/> <span class="title">The enduring legacy of the OSI model in a cloud-first world</span> </a></div><p class="date">26 November 2024</p></div><div class="large-4 medium-4 columns read-more"><div class="thumb-box"> <a href="https://techhq.com/2024/11/nvidia-ceo-confident-in-the-future-of-global-tech-collaboration/"> <img width="359" height="196" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Nvidia-CEO-confident-in-the-future-of-global-tech-collaboration-359x196.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-359w196h size-thumb-359w196h wp-post-image" alt="Nvidia CEO confident in the future of global tech collaboration" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><br/> <span class="title">Nvidia CEO confident in the future of global tech collaboration</span> </a></div><p class="date">25 November 2024</p></div><div class="large-4 medium-4 columns read-more"><div class="thumb-box"> <a href="https://techhq.com/2024/11/microsoft-365-link-heralds-a-subscription-based-operating-model-for-pcs/"> <img width="359" height="196" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/microsoft-365-link-hero-image-359x196.jpg" class="attachment-thumb-359w196h size-thumb-359w196h wp-post-image" alt="Illustrative image for article on the Microsoft 365 Link's announcement." decoding="async" loading="lazy" /><br/> <span class="title">Microsoft’s Link computer pushes Azure business model</span> </a></div><p class="date">22 November 2024</p></div></div></div> <!-- row 6<div class="row expanded single-row-6"><div class="row"><div id='div-4' style="text-align: center;margin-top: 30px;"> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-4'); }); </script></div></div></div> --></section> <!-- end article section --></article> <!-- end article --></main> <!-- end #main --><div class="large-12 medium-12"> <!-- status elements --><div class="scroller-status"><div class="infinite-scroll-request loader-ellips"></div><p class="infinite-scroll-last"><hr></p><p class="infinite-scroll-error"></p></div> <!-- pagination has path --><p class="pagination"> <a class="pagination__next" href="#"></a></p></div></div> <!-- end #inner-content --></div> <!-- end #content --> <!--<div id='widget-display' style="margin: 0 auto; position: relative; max-width: 60%;" class='jobbioapp'></div> <script async src="https://widgets.jobbio.com/partner_fluid_widgets_v1.6.1/display.min.js" id="jobbio-display-script"></script> <script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function () { jobbio_display.widget({ slug: 'tech-hq-jobs', container: 'widget-display', style: 'sidebar', count: 5, type: 'multiple', content: 'jobs', searchTerm: 'y', }); }, false); </script> --><footer class="footer hyb-footer" role="contentinfo" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/WPFooter"><div id="inner-footer" class="row"><div class="row columns footer-row-1"><div class="large-6 medium-6 columns footer-left"><div class="row columns footer-left-1"> <img src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/TECHHQ_LOGO_RGB_WHITE-02.svg"/></div><div class="row columns footer-left-2"> <a href="https://twitter.com/techhq"><img class="js-lazy-image" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/footer-twitter-icon.svg"/></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/TechHQ-348609608954411/"><img class="js-lazy-image" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/footer-facebook-icon.svg"/></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/28143964/"><img class="js-lazy-image" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/footer-linkedin-icon.svg"/></a> <a href="https://www.reddit.com/"><img class="js-lazy-image" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/footer-reddit-icon.svg"/></a></div><div class="row columns footer-left-3"> <a href="/about">About</a> <a href="/advertise">Advertise with us</a> <a href="/about">Contact</a></div></div><div class="large-6 medium-6 columns footer-right"><div class="row columns footer-right-1"> <a href="https://techforge.pub/" target="_blank"> <img class="logo js-lazy-image" style="width:160px;" data-src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/techforge-logo-new-white-2.png"/> </a></div><div class="row columns footer-right-2"></div><div class="row columns footer-right-3"> <a class="footer-brands" href="https://techforge.pub/" target="_blank">TechForge Media</a> <!-- <a class="footer-careers" href="http://hybrid.co/careers/" target="_blank">Jobs @ Hybrid.co</a> --></div><div class="row columns footer-right-4 hide-for-medium"> Bristol <img class="js-lazy-image" data-src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/shape-hybrid.png"> Kuala Lumpur <img class="js-lazy-image data-src="/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/shape-hybrid.png"> Sydney</div></div></div><div class="row columns footer-row-2"><div class="large-6 medium-6 columns footer-left"> © 2024 Copyright TechForge Media | All Rights Reserved</div><div class="large-6 medium-6 columns footer-right"> <a href="/terms-of-use">Terms of use</a> <a href="/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a></div></div></div> <!-- end #inner-footer --></footer> <!-- end .footer --></div> <!-- end .main-content --></div> <!-- end .off-canvas-wrapper --> <script> $(window).bind('scroll',function(e){ parallaxScroll(); }); function parallaxScroll(){ var scrolled = $(window).scrollTop(); $('.main-article .post').css('top',(0-(scrolled*.25))+'px'); // $('.home #sidebar1').css('top',(0-(scrolled*.55))+'px'); $('.sub-article').css('top',(0-(scrolled*.75))+'px'); } </script> <!-- Matomo --><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; _paq.push(['setVisitorCookieTimeout', 2592000]); _paq.push(['setSessionCookieTimeout', 1800]); _paq.push(['setReferralCookieTimeout', 864000]);_paq.push(['trackPageView']);_paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']);_paq.push(['alwaysUseSendBeacon']);_paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', "\/\/techhq.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/matomo\/app\/matomo.php"]);_paq.push(['setSiteId', '1']);var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.type='text/javascript'; g.async=true; g.src="\/\/techhq.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/matomo\/matomo.js"; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); /* ]]> */ </script> <!-- End Matomo Code --> <script type="text/javascript">function showhide_toggle(e,t,r,g){var a=jQuery("#"+e+"-link-"+t),s=jQuery("a",a),i=jQuery("#"+e+"-content-"+t),l=jQuery("#"+e+"-toggle-"+t);a.toggleClass("sh-show sh-hide"),i.toggleClass("sh-show sh-hide").toggle(),"true"===s.attr("aria-expanded")?s.attr("aria-expanded","false"):s.attr("aria-expanded","true"),l.text()===r?(l.text(g),a.trigger("sh-link:more")):(l.text(r),a.trigger("sh-link:less")),a.trigger("sh-link:toggle")}</script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ if ( typeof(jQuery) !== 'undefined' ) { jQuery( document ).ready(function(){ function monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load() { if ( ( typeof(__gaTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gaTracker && __gaTracker.hasOwnProperty( "loaded" ) && __gaTracker.loaded == true ) || ( typeof(__gtagTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gtagTracker ) ) { (function(factory) { factory(jQuery); }(function($) { /* Scroll Depth */ "use strict"; var defaults = { percentage: true }; var $window = $(window), cache = [], scrollEventBound = false, lastPixelDepth = 0; /* * Plugin */ $.scrollDepth = function(options) { var startTime = +new Date(); options = $.extend({}, defaults, options); /* * Functions */ function sendEvent(action, label, scrollDistance, timing) { if ( 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject || 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent ) { return; } var paramName = action.toLowerCase(); var fieldsArray = { send_to: 'G-TZMMGYJV2R', non_interaction: true }; fieldsArray[paramName] = label; if (arguments.length > 3) { fieldsArray.scroll_timing = timing MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } else { MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } } function calculateMarks(docHeight) { return { '25%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.25, 10), '50%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.50, 10), '75%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.75, 10), /* Cushion to trigger 100% event in iOS */ '100%': docHeight - 5 }; } function checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing) { /* Check each active mark */ $.each(marks, function(key, val) { if ( $.inArray(key, cache) === -1 && scrollDistance >= val ) { sendEvent('Percentage', key, scrollDistance, timing); cache.push(key); } }); } function rounded(scrollDistance) { /* Returns String */ return (Math.floor(scrollDistance/250) * 250).toString(); } function init() { bindScrollDepth(); } /* * Public Methods */ /* Reset Scroll Depth with the originally initialized options */ $.scrollDepth.reset = function() { cache = []; lastPixelDepth = 0; $window.off('scroll.scrollDepth'); bindScrollDepth(); }; /* Add DOM elements to be tracked */ $.scrollDepth.addElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.merge(options.elements, elems); /* If scroll event has been unbound from window, rebind */ if (!scrollEventBound) { bindScrollDepth(); } }; /* Remove DOM elements currently tracked */ $.scrollDepth.removeElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.each(elems, function(index, elem) { var inElementsArray = $.inArray(elem, options.elements); var inCacheArray = $.inArray(elem, cache); if (inElementsArray != -1) { options.elements.splice(inElementsArray, 1); } if (inCacheArray != -1) { cache.splice(inCacheArray, 1); } }); }; /* * Throttle function borrowed from: * Underscore.js 1.5.2 * http://underscorejs.org * (c) 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors * Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license. */ function throttle(func, wait) { var context, args, result; var timeout = null; var previous = 0; var later = function() { previous = new Date; timeout = null; result = func.apply(context, args); }; return function() { var now = new Date; if (!previous) previous = now; var remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0) { clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; previous = now; result = func.apply(context, args); } else if (!timeout) { timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); } return result; }; } /* * Scroll Event */ function bindScrollDepth() { scrollEventBound = true; $window.on('scroll.scrollDepth', throttle(function() { /* * We calculate document and window height on each scroll event to * account for dynamic DOM changes. */ var docHeight = $(document).height(), winHeight = window.innerHeight ? window.innerHeight : $window.height(), scrollDistance = $window.scrollTop() + winHeight, /* Recalculate percentage marks */ marks = calculateMarks(docHeight), /* Timing */ timing = +new Date - startTime; checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing); }, 500)); } init(); }; /* UMD export */ return $.scrollDepth; })); jQuery.scrollDepth(); } else { setTimeout(monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load, 200); } } monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load(); }); } /* End MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/siteground-optimizer-assets/swv.min.js?ver=6.0" id="swv-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7 = { "api": { "root": "https:\/\/techhq.com\/wp-json\/", "namespace": "contact-form-7\/v1" }, "cached": 1 }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/siteground-optimizer-assets/contact-form-7.min.js?ver=6.0" id="contact-form-7-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-polls-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var pollsL10n = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/techhq.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","text_wait":"Your last request is still being processed. Please wait a while ...","text_valid":"Please choose a valid poll answer.","text_multiple":"Maximum number of choices allowed: ","show_loading":"1","show_fading":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/siteground-optimizer-assets/wp-polls.min.js?ver=2.77.2" id="wp-polls-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="ppress-frontend-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var pp_ajax_form = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/techhq.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","confirm_delete":"Are you sure?","deleting_text":"Deleting...","deleting_error":"An error occurred. Please try again.","nonce":"334ecab401","disable_ajax_form":"false","is_checkout":"0","is_checkout_tax_enabled":"0","is_checkout_autoscroll_enabled":"true"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-user-avatar/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=4.15.19" id="ppress-frontend-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/vendor/what-input/dist/what-input.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="what-input-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/siteground-optimizer-assets/foundation-js.min.js?ver=6.2.3" id="foundation-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/js/infinite-scroll.pkgd.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="infinite-scroll-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/siteground-optimizer-assets/site-js.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="site-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/uploads/siteground-optimizer-assets/lazyload2-js.min.js?ver=1.0.5" id="lazyload2-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/js/jquery.sticky-kit.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="sticky-kit-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/plugins/trinity-audio/js/the_content-hook-script.js?ver=6.7.1" id="the_content-hook-script-js"></script> <script nitro-exclude data-wpfc-render='false' data-cfasync='false' data-no-optimize='1' data-no-defer='1' data-no-minify='1' data-trinity-mount-date='2024-11-27 07:30:12' type="text/javascript" src="https://trinitymedia.ai/player/trinity/13daddd8463ca0d756832685400bf54b/?integrationType=wordpress&postHashV2=6215e8dc8197436a342a7b60495d4bac39678e89&language&voiceGender=m&pageURL=https%3A%2F%2Ftechhq.com%2F2024%2F01%2Fwi-fi-halow-runs-rings-around-old-style-wireless-networks%2F&ver=6.7.1" id="trinity-player-js"></script> <script> jQuery(".sticky_header").stick_in_parent({parent: 'body', offset_top:0, sticky_class: 'header_is_stuck' }) .on("sticky_kit:stick", function(e) { // jQuery(".top-bar-logo").html('<a href="https://techhq.com"><img class="logo-main-nav" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/logo-techHQ.png"></a>'); // jQuery(".logo-white").removeClass('hide'); // jQuery(".logo-black").addClass('hide'); }) .on("sticky_kit:unstick", function(e) { // jQuery(".top-bar-logo").html('<a href="https://techhq.com"><img class="logo-main-nav show-for-medium" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/TECHHQ_LOGO_STRAP_RGB_WHITE.svg"><img class="logo-main-nav hide-for-medium" src="https://techhq.com/wp-content/themes/correspondent/assets/images/TECHHQ_LOGO_RGB_WHITE-02.svg"></a>'); // jQuery(".logo-black").removeClass('hide'); // jQuery(".logo-white").addClass('hide'); }); </script> <script> jQuery(".menu-item-175733").click(function(){ if(jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").hasClass("slide-out")){ jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").removeClass("slide-out"); jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").addClass("slide-in"); jQuery(".menu-item-175733").addClass("expanded"); } else if(jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").hasClass("slide-in")){ jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").removeClass("slide-in"); jQuery(".menu-item-175733").removeClass("expanded"); jQuery(".nav-primary-tags").addClass("slide-out"); } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery('#inner-box').on('click', function() { console.log('click'); fbq('track', 'ViewContent', { value: 1, currency: 'usd', content_ids: 'iframe', content_type: 'iframe_hover' }); jQuery(this).css('display', 'none'); }); </script></body></html> <!-- end page --> <script> // Function to generate unique names for slots var nextSlotId = 1; var nextMpu2SlotId = 1; var sidebarIndex = 0; var articleIndex = 0; var nextExtraSlotId = 1; function generateNextSlotName() { var id = nextSlotId++; return 'adslot' + id; } function generateMpu2NextSlotName() { var id = nextMpu2SlotId++; return 'admpu2slot' + id; } function generateExtraNextSlotName() { var id = nextExtraSlotId++; return 'extraslot' + id; } // Function to add content to page, mimics real infinite scroll // but keeps it much simpler from a code perspective. function moreContent() { // Generate next slot name var slotName = generateNextSlotName(); var slotMpu2Name = generateMpu2NextSlotName(); var slotExtraName = generateExtraNextSlotName(); // Create a div for the slot var slotDiv = document.createElement('div'); slotDiv.id = slotName; // Id must be the same as slotName var slotMpu2Div = document.createElement('div'); slotMpu2Div.id = slotMpu2Name; // Id must be the same as slotName var slotExtraDiv = document.createElement('div'); slotExtraDiv.id = slotExtraName; // Id must be the same as slotName slotExtraDiv.setAttribute("style", "height:250px;width:300px;margin: 0 auto;float:left;margin-left:10px;margin-bottom:15px;"); sidebarIndex++; var x = document.getElementsByClassName("sidebar"); var c = x[sidebarIndex].children; c[0].append(slotDiv); c[2].append(slotMpu2Div); articleIndex++; var x = document.getElementsByClassName("loop-single"); var c = x[articleIndex].children; var gc = c[0].children; //gc[1].appendChild(slotExtraDiv); c[0].insertBefore(slotExtraDiv, gc[2]); var gc = c[0].children; c[0].removeChild(gc[3]); // Define the slot itself, call display() to // register the div and refresh() to fetch ad. googletag.cmd.push(function() { var slot = googletag.defineSlot('/101030411/Tech-MPU1', [300, 250], slotName). setTargeting("test","infinitescroll"). addService(googletag.pubads()); // Display has to be called before // refresh and after the slot div is in the page. googletag.display(slotName); googletag.pubads().refresh([slot]); }); googletag.cmd.push(function() { var slot = googletag.defineSlot('/101030411/Tech-MPU2', [300, 250], slotMpu2Name). setTargeting("test","infinitescroll"). addService(googletag.pubads()); // Display has to be called before // refresh and after the slot div is in the page. googletag.display(slotMpu2Name); googletag.pubads().refresh([slot]); }); googletag.cmd.push(function() { var slot = googletag.defineSlot('/101030411/PMP_targeting_MPU_2', [300, 250], slotExtraName). setTargeting("test","infinitescroll"). addService(googletag.pubads()); // Display has to be called before // refresh and after the slot div is in the page. googletag.display(slotExtraName); googletag.pubads().refresh([slot]); }); } var nextPenSlugs = ["https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/suse-german-linux-provider-rebrand-name-changes-launches-ai-service\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/the-enduring-legacy-of-the-osi-model-in-a-cloud-first-world\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/nvidia-ceo-confident-in-the-future-of-global-tech-collaboration\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/apple-and-google-bad-for-uk-business-on-mobile\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/microsoft-365-link-heralds-a-subscription-based-operating-model-for-pcs\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/this-is-how-to-make-more-money-in-2025\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/82-of-hackers-believe-ai-threats-evolving-faster-than-security\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/big-investments-in-ai-may-soon-end-for-this-flawed-technology\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/why-big-tech-is-betting-big-on-ai-in-2024\/","https:\/\/techhq.com\/2024\/11\/will-apples-100m-indonesia-gambit-save-the-iphone-16\/"]; function getPenPath() { var slug = nextPenSlugs[ this.loadCount ]; if ( slug ) { //return 'http://54.144.245.35' + slug; return slug; } } //-------------------------------------// // init Infinte Scroll var container = jQuery('.article-feed').infiniteScroll({ path: getPenPath, append: '.article', status: '.scroller-status', hideNav: '.pagination' }); // use event for v2 callback container.on( 'append.infiniteScroll', function( event, response, path, items ) { jQuery('#content').foundation(); FB.XFBML.parse(); jQuery( "p:has(iframe)" ).addClass( "responsive-embed" ); jQuery(".social-icons-group.sticky_column").stick_in_parent({parent: '.entry-content', offset_top: 150, sticky_class: 'is_stuck' }) .on("sticky_kit:stick", function(e) { jQuery(".social-icons-group.sticky_column.is_stuck .sticky_hide").addClass('fadeOutUp'); }) .on("sticky_kit:unstick", function(e) { jQuery(".social-icons-group.sticky_column .sticky_hide").removeClass('fadeOutUp'); }); var copy_ldb_ad = jQuery(".advert").first().html(); jQuery(".advert").html(copy_ldb_ad); moreContent(); }); jQuery(".social-icons-group.sticky_column").stick_in_parent({parent: '.entry-content', sticky_class: 'is_stuck' }) .on("sticky_kit:stick", function(e) { jQuery(".social-icons-group.sticky_column.is_stuck .sticky_hide").addClass('fadeOutUp'); }) .on("sticky_kit:unstick", function(e) { jQuery(".social-icons-group.sticky_column .sticky_hide").removeClass('fadeOutUp'); }); jQuery(document.body).trigger("sticky_kit:recalc"); </script>