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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verfassungsgerichtshof_von_Rum%C3%A4nien" title="Verfassungsgerichtshof von Rumänien – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Verfassungsgerichtshof von Rumänien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corte_Constitucional_de_Rumania" title="Corte Constitucional de Rumania – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Corte Constitucional de Rumania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cour_constitutionnelle_de_Roumanie" title="Cour constitutionnelle de Roumanie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cour constitutionnelle de Roumanie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahkamah_Konstitusi_Rumania" title="Mahkamah Konstitusi Rumania – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mahkamah Konstitusi Rumania" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corte_costituzionale_della_Romania" title="Corte costituzionale della Romania – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Corte costituzionale della Romania" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtea_Constitu%C8%9Bional%C4%83_a_Rom%C3%A2niei" title="Curtea Constituțională a României – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Curtea Constituțională a României" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Конституционный суд Румынии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конституционный суд Румынии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" 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class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #Ededed;">Constitutional Court of Romania</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Constitutional Court of Romania<br /><span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">Curtea Constituțională a României</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #aaa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Curtea_Constitutionala_CCR_Bun-300x300.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Curtea_Constitutionala_CCR_Bun-300x300.svg/220px-Curtea_Constitutionala_CCR_Bun-300x300.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Curtea_Constitutionala_CCR_Bun-300x300.svg/330px-Curtea_Constitutionala_CCR_Bun-300x300.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Curtea_Constitutionala_CCR_Bun-300x300.svg/440px-Curtea_Constitutionala_CCR_Bun-300x300.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1992</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_the_Parliament" title="Palace of the Parliament">Palace of the Parliament</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Composition method</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate selection</a> (3 members)<br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamber of Deputies of Romania">Chamber of Deputies selection</a> (3 members)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President selection</a> (3 members)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authorised by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Romania" title="Constitution of Romania">Constitution</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Appeal" title="Appeal">Appeals from</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data">1992 – 2003: <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Parliament</a><br />2003 – present: none</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Judge term length</th><td class="infobox-data">9 years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of positions</th><td class="infobox-data">9</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ccr.ro/">http://www.ccr.ro/</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #Ededed;">President of the Constitutional Court of Romania</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currently</th><td class="infobox-data">Marian Enache</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Since</th><td class="infobox-data">2022</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lead position ends</th><td class="infobox-data">2025</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Constitutional Court of Romania</b> (<a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>: <i lang="ro">Curtea Constituțională a României</i>) is the institution which rules on whether the laws, decrees or other bills enacted by <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romanian</a> authorities are in conformity with the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Romania" title="Constitution of Romania">Constitution</a>. </p><p>It consists of nine members serving nine-year terms which cannot be extended, with three members each appointed by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Chamber of Deputies</a>. Three members are renewed every 3 years. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Powers">Powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_Court_of_Romania&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the Article 146 of the Constitution, the Constitutional Court exercises the following powers:<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>to adjudicate on the constitutionality of laws, before promulgation, upon notification by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President of Romania</a>, by the President of either Chamber of <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Parliament</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Romania" title="Government of Romania">Government</a>, the <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Cassation_and_Justice" title="High Court of Cassation and Justice">Supreme Court of Justice</a>, by a number of at least 50 Deputies or at least 25 Senators, as well as, <i>ex officio</i>, on initiatives to revise the Constitution</li> <li>to adjudicate on the constitutionality of the Standing Orders of Parliament, upon notification by the President of either Chamber, by a parliamentary group or a number of at least 50 Deputies or at least 25 Senators</li> <li>to decide on exceptions brought to the <a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Courts of Romania">Courts of law</a> as to the unconstitutionality of laws and orders</li> <li>to guard the observance of the procedure for the election of the President of Romania and to confirm the ballot returns</li> <li>to ascertain the circumstances which justify the interim in the exercise of office of President of Romania, and to report its findings to Parliament and the Government</li> <li>to give advisory opinion on the proposal to suspend the President of Romania from office</li> <li>to guard the observance of the procedure for the organization and holding of a <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a>, and to confirm its returns</li> <li>to check on compliance with the conditions for the exercise of the legislative initiative by citizens</li> <li>to decide on objections of unconstitutionality of a <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Romania" title="List of political parties in Romania">political party</a></li> <li>to carry out also other duties stipulated by the organic law of the Court.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics series</a></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="border-top:1px #fafafa solid; border-bottom:1px #fafafa solid; background:#efefef; background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); padding:0.2em;"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Romania" title="Politics of Romania">Politics of Romania</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms of Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Romania.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Romania.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Coat_of_arms_of_Romania.svg/240px-Coat_of_arms_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="970" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Romania" title="Constitution of Romania">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Referendums <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1991_Romanian_constitutional_referendum" title="1991 Romanian constitutional referendum">1991 <span style="font-size:85%;">(adoption)</span></a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2003_Romanian_constitutional_referendum" title="2003 Romanian constitutional referendum">2003 <span style="font-size:85%;">(amendments)</span></a></dd></dl></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Constitutional Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Romania" title="Government of Romania">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Romania" title="List of presidents of Romania">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Iohannis" title="Klaus Iohannis">Klaus Iohannis</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Prime Minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Romania" title="List of heads of government of Romania">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <ul><li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Romania" title="Government of Romania">Cabinet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ciolacu_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciolacu Cabinet">current</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Romanian_governments" title="List of Romanian governments">list</a>)</li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Parliament</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Romania" title="President of the Senate of Romania">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ciuc%C4%83" title="Nicolae Ciucă">Nicolae Ciucă</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Standing_Bureau_of_the_Senate_of_Romania" title="Standing Bureau of the Senate of Romania">Standing Bureau</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamber of Deputies of Romania">Chamber of Deputies</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Romania" title="President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Suciu" title="Daniel Suciu">Daniel Suciu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Standing_Bureau_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Romania" title="Standing Bureau of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania">Standing Bureau</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Romania" title="Judiciary of Romania">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Cassation_and_Justice" title="High Court of Cassation and Justice">High Court of Cassation and Justice</a></div></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Constitutional Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Ombudsman" title="Romanian Ombudsman">Ombudsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_judicial_reform" title="Romanian judicial reform">Judicial reform</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Romania" title="List of political parties in Romania">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Parliamentary <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">National Liberal Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PNL)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)" title="Social Democratic Party (Romania)">Social Democratic Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PSD)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Save_Romania_Union" title="Save Romania Union">Save Romania Union</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(USR)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Freedom,_Unity_and_Solidarity_Party" title="Freedom, Unity and Solidarity Party">Freedom, Unity and Solidarity Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PLUS)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Union_of_Romanians" title="Alliance for the Union of Romanians">Alliance for the Union of Romanians</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(AUR)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(UDMR)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Humanist_Power_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanist Power Party">Humanist Power Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PPU)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Nationhood_Party" title="Romanian Nationhood Party">Romanian Nationhood Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PNR)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Romanian_ethnic_minority_parties" title="Romanian ethnic minority parties">Other ethnic-minority parties</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <ul><li>Non-parliamentary <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Movement_Party" title="People's Movement Party">People's Movement Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PMP)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/PRO_Romania" title="PRO Romania">PRO Romania</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PRO)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania_Party" title="Greater Romania Party">Greater Romania Party</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PRM)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Party_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecologist Party of Romania">Ecologist Party of Romania</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PER)</span></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Romania" title="Elections in Romania">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Electoral_Authority_(Romania)" title="Permanent Electoral Authority (Romania)">Permanent Electoral Authority</a></li> <li>Recent elections <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Presidential: <a href="/wiki/2014_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2014 Romanian presidential election">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2019 Romanian presidential election">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024%E2%80%9325_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2024–25 Romanian presidential election"><i>2024–25</i></a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Legislative: <a href="/wiki/2016_Romanian_parliamentary_election" title="2016 Romanian parliamentary election">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Romanian parliamentary election">2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Romanian_parliamentary_election" title="2024 Romanian parliamentary election">2024</a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Local: <a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Romanian_local_elections" title="2024 Romanian local elections">2024</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2028_Romanian_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2028 Romanian local elections (page does not exist)"><i>Next</i></a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>European: <a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2019 European Parliament election in Romania">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Romania">2024</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2029_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2029 European Parliament election in Romania (page does not exist)"><i>Next</i></a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Romania" title="Administrative divisions of Romania">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macroregions_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Macroregions of Romania">Macroregions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Development_regions_of_Romania" title="Development regions of Romania">Development regions</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Romania" title="Counties of Romania">Counties</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_areas_in_Romania" title="Metropolitan areas in Romania">Metropolitan areas</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Romania">Municipalities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sectors_of_Bucharest" title="Sectors of Bucharest">Sectors</a></li><li><br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Romania">Cities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_Romania" title="Communes of Romania">Communes</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Romania" title="Foreign relations of Romania">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China%E2%80%93Romania_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China–Romania relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Romania–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><br /><a href="/wiki/Moldova%E2%80%93Romania_relations" title="Moldova–Romania relations">Moldova</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Moldova_and_Romania" title="Unification of Moldova and Romania">unification movement</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Romania–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Romania–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_missions_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic missions of Romania">Embassies</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romanian_politicians" title="List of Romanian politicians">Politicians</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Romania" title="List of heads of state of Romania">Heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Romania_by_time_in_office" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of Romania by time in office">Presidents by time in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of Romania">Prime Ministers</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#efefef;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Romania" title="Template:Politics of Romania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Romania" title="Template talk:Politics of Romania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Romania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Romania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Members">Members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_Court_of_Romania&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_structure">Current structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_Court_of_Romania&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Current structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Appointer </th> <th>Name<br /><small>(Office)</small> </th> <th>Term start </th> <th>Term end </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marian_Enache_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marian Enache (politician) (page does not exist)">Marian Enache</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_Enache" class="extiw" title="ro:Marian Enache">ro</a>]</span> <p><small><b>(President)</b></small> </p> </td> <td>2016 <p><small><b>(2022)</b></small> </p> </td> <td>2025 <p><small><b>(2025)</b></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cristian_Deliorga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cristian Deliorga (page does not exist)">Cristian Deliorga</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristian_Deliorga" class="extiw" title="ro:Cristian Deliorga">ro</a>]</span> </td> <td>2019 </td> <td>2028 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laura-Iuliana_Sc%C3%A2ntei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laura-Iuliana Scântei (page does not exist)">Laura-Iuliana Scântei</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura-Iuliana_Sc%C3%A2ntei" class="extiw" title="ro:Laura-Iuliana Scântei">ro</a>]</span> </td> <td>2022 </td> <td>2031 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamber of Deputies of Romania">Chamber of Deputies</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Attila_Varga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Attila Varga (page does not exist)">Attila Varga</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attila_Varga" class="extiw" title="ro:Attila Varga">ro</a>]</span> </td> <td>2016 </td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gheorghe_Stan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gheorghe Stan (page does not exist)">Gheorghe Stan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gheorghe_Stan" class="extiw" title="ro:Gheorghe Stan">ro</a>]</span> </td> <td>2019 </td> <td>2028 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dimitre-Bogdan_Licu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dimitre-Bogdan Licu (page does not exist)">Dimitre-Bogdan Licu</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogdan_Licu_(jurist)" class="extiw" title="ro:Bogdan Licu (jurist)">ro</a>]</span> </td> <td>2022 </td> <td>2031 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livia-Doina_Stanciu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livia-Doina Stanciu (page does not exist)">Livia-Doina Stanciu</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livia-Doina_Stanciu" class="extiw" title="ro:Livia-Doina Stanciu">ro</a>]</span> </td> <td>2016 </td> <td>2025 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elena-Simina_T%C4%83n%C4%83sescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elena-Simina Tănăsescu (page does not exist)">Elena-Simina Tănăsescu</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elena-Simina_T%C4%83n%C4%83sescu" class="extiw" title="ro:Elena-Simina Tănăsescu">ro</a>]</span> </td> <td>2019 </td> <td>2028 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihaela_Ciochin%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihaela Ciochină (page does not exist)">Mihaela Ciochină</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihaela_Ciochin%C4%83" class="extiw" title="ro:Mihaela Ciochină">ro</a>]</span> </td> <td>2022 </td> <td>2031 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_Court_of_Romania&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since it was created in 1992, the Constitutional Court had the following composition.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_oxsmtzf43m0aek3swno93nuzuz5cq6u"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Attila_Varga" coords="915,783,1033,807" title="Attila Varga" alt="Attila Varga" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Livia_Stanciu" coords="912,743,1037,767" title="Livia Stanciu" alt="Livia Stanciu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mona_Pivniceru" coords="827,724,959,748" title="Mona Pivniceru" alt="Mona Pivniceru" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Daniel_Morar" coords="834,704,952,728" title="Daniel Morar" alt="Daniel Morar" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Stefan_Minea" coords="736,685,854,709" title="Stefan Minea" alt="Stefan Minea" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Petre_L%C4%83z%C4%83roiu" coords="690,665,835,689" title="Petre Lăzăroiu" alt="Petre Lăzăroiu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Marian_Enache_(politician)" coords="863,646,988,670" title="Marian Enache (politician)" alt="Marian Enache (politician)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Valer_Dorneanu" coords="729,626,861,650" title="Valer Dorneanu" alt="Valer Dorneanu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Valentin%2DZolt%C3%A1n_Pusk%C3%A1s" coords="599,607,797,631" title="Valentin-Zoltán Puskás" alt="Valentin-Zoltán Puskás" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Tudorel_Toader" coords="616,587,747,611" title="Tudorel Toader" alt="Tudorel Toader" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Augustin_Zegrean" coords="528,568,673,592" title="Augustin Zegrean" alt="Augustin Zegrean" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Toni_Grebl%C4%83" coords="720,548,838,572" title="Toni Greblă" alt="Toni Greblă" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Iulia_Antoanella_Motoc" coords="605,528,790,552" title="Iulia Antoanella Motoc" alt="Iulia Antoanella Motoc" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Ion_Predescu" coords="492,509,610,533" title="Ion Predescu" alt="Ion Predescu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Acsinte_Gaspar" coords="534,489,666,513" title="Acsinte Gaspar" alt="Acsinte Gaspar" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Aspazia_Cojocaru" coords="528,470,673,494" title="Aspazia Cojocaru" alt="Aspazia Cojocaru" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Nicolae_Cochinescu" coords="423,450,582,474" title="Nicolae Cochinescu" alt="Nicolae Cochinescu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Ioan_Vida" coords="356,431,454,455" title="Ioan Vida" alt="Ioan Vida" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Petre_Ninosu" coords="411,411,529,435" title="Petre Ninosu" alt="Petre Ninosu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/%C5%9Eerban_Viorel_St%C4%83noiu" coords="358,392,549,416" title="Şerban Viorel Stănoiu" alt="Şerban Viorel Stănoiu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Kozsok%C3%A1r_G%C3%A1bor" coords="332,372,477,396" title="Kozsokár Gábor" alt="Kozsokár Gábor" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Constantin_Doldur" coords="313,353,464,377" title="Constantin Doldur" alt="Constantin Doldur" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Lucian_St%C3%A2ngu" coords="295,333,426,357" title="Lucian Stângu" alt="Lucian Stângu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Costic%C4%83_Bulai" coords="241,313,373,337" title="Costică Bulai" alt="Costică Bulai" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Nicolae_Popa" coords="215,294,334,318" title="Nicolae Popa" alt="Nicolae Popa" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Lucian_Mihai" coords="248,274,366,298" title="Lucian Mihai" alt="Lucian Mihai" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Romul_Petru_Vonica" coords="195,255,354,279" title="Romul Petru Vonica" alt="Romul Petru Vonica" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Florin_Bucur_Vasilescu" coords="197,235,382,259" title="Florin Bucur Vasilescu" alt="Florin Bucur Vasilescu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Ioan_Muraru" coords="59,216,171,240" title="Ioan Muraru" alt="Ioan Muraru" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Ioan_Deleanu" coords="118,196,236,220" title="Ioan Deleanu" alt="Ioan Deleanu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Victor%2DDan_Zl%C4%83tescu" coords="148,177,320,201" title="Victor-Dan Zlătescu" alt="Victor-Dan Zlătescu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mihai_Constantinescu" coords="148,157,320,181" title="Mihai Constantinescu" alt="Mihai Constantinescu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Viorel%2DMihai_Ciobanu" coords="68,138,240,162" title="Viorel-Mihai Ciobanu" alt="Viorel-Mihai Ciobanu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Antonie_Iorgovan" coords="26,118,171,142" title="Antonie Iorgovan" alt="Antonie Iorgovan" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Fazak%C3%A1s_Miklos" coords="69,98,208,122" title="Fazakás Miklos" alt="Fazakás Miklos" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Ion_Filipescu" coords="99,79,224,103" title="Ion Filipescu" alt="Ion Filipescu" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Vasile_Gionea" coords="99,59,224,83" title="Vasile Gionea" alt="Vasile Gionea" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_oxsmtzf43m0aek3swno93nuzuz5cq6u" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/oxsmtzf43m0aek3swno93nuzuz5cq6u.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Past_presidents">Past presidents</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_Court_of_Romania&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Past presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Vasile Gionea (1992–1995)</li> <li>Ioan Muraru (1995–1998)</li> <li>Lucian Mihai (1998–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Popa_(judge)" title="Nicolae Popa (judge)">Nicolae Popa</a> (2001–2004)</li> <li>Ioan Vida (2004–2010)</li> <li>Augustin Zegrean (2010–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valer_Dorneanu" title="Valer Dorneanu">Valer Dorneanu</a> (2016–2022)</li> <li>Marian Enache (2022–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_Court_of_Romania&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Romania" title="Judiciary of Romania">Judiciary of Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Cassation_and_Justice" title="High Court of Cassation and Justice">High Court of Cassation and Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_According_to_Higher_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Rule According to Higher Law">Rule According to Higher Law</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_Court_of_Romania&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.presidency.ro/en/the-constitution-of-romania">"The Constitution of Romania"</a>. <i>President of Romania</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=President+of+Romania&rft.atitle=The+Constitution+of+Romania&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidency.ro%2Fen%2Fthe-constitution-of-romania&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitutional+Court+of+Romania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccr.ro/default.aspx?page=composition/present-judges">Current composition of the Constitutional Court</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100618004332/http://www.ccr.ro/default.aspx?page=composition%2Fpresent-judges">Archived</a> 2010-06-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccr.ro/default.aspx?page=composition/former-judges">Former judjes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100629063021/http://www.ccr.ro/default.aspx?page=composition%2Fformer-judges">Archived</a> 2010-06-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adevarul.ro/actualitate/politica/Negocieri_dure_pentru_trei_judecatori_constitutionali_0_224977839.html">Adevărul</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span 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