CINXE.COM
Theophilus of Antioch
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <title>Theophilus of Antioch</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="finaldemo/layers.css" type="text/css"> <style type="text/css"> body { behavior: url("csshover.txt"); } body { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; } #menu ul, li, div { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; } LI:hover { Z-INDEX: 15; } UL UL { position: absolute; display: none; } LI:hover UL UL { DISPLAY: none; } LI:hover UL { DISPLAY: block; } LI:hover LI:hover UL { DISPLAY: block } li ul { position: absolute; display: none; } #menu ul, #menu li { margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; } ul li { position: relative; } #menu { line-height: 1px; font-size: 1px; } /* Styles for Menu Items */ li.topli ul a { display: block; padding-top: 3px; padding-left: 3px; padding-bottom: 3px; padding-right: 0px; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 10px; font-size: 10px; color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } li.submenu a { background-image: url("pic/arrow.gif"); background-position: right; background-repeat: no-repeat; z-index: 20; } li.submenu ul a { background-image: url("pic/spacer.gif"); z-index: 25; } li.topli li:hover a { color: rgb(73, 63, 40); background-color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } li.topli li:hover ul li a { color: rgb(246, 223, 190); background-color: rgb(73, 63, 40); } #menu li.submenu ul li:hover a { color: rgb(73, 63, 40); background-color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } #menu li { height: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: inherit; } /* Specific classes */ ul.topul { position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 20px; background-color: black; } li.topli { position: absolute; top: 0px; } div.topdiv1 { position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 1px; background-color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } div.topdiv2 { position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 1px; background-color: rgb(73, 63, 40); } ul.subul { position: absolute; top: -1px; background-color: black; } div.subdiv1 { position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 1px; background-color: rgb(246, 223, 190); } div.subdiv2 { position: absolute; top: 1px; left: 1px; background-color: rgb(73, 63, 40); } /* Fix some stuff with lists in the body of the page. */ #infolayer ul { position: relative; display: block; list-style-type: disc; list-style-position: outside; } #infolayer li { position: relative; display: list-item; } #infolayer ul li { margin-left: -16px; } #infolayer ol li { margin-left: -8px; } #infolayer a { color: #990033; } #infolayer a:visited { color: black; } #infolayer a:hover { color: red; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-4053514-1']); _gaq.push(['_setDomainName', 'none']); _gaq.push(['_setAllowLinker', true]); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); </script> </head> <body> <div id="whitetoplayer"> <div id="buythecd"><a href="http://earlywritings.com/buy/"><img src="pic/textanim.gif" alt="Get the CD Now!" width="108" height="39"></a></div> <div id="breadcrumbs"><p><a href="index.html">Home</a> <span><b>></b></span> <a href="churchfathers.html">Church Fathers</a> <span><b>></b></span> <b>Theophilus of Antioch</b></p></div> <form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box" target="_blank" style="position: absolute; top: 0px; right: 118px; height: 39px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; margin: 5px;"> <div style="background-color: rgb( 174, 134, 64 ); text-align: right; -moz-border-radius: 5px;"><div style="padding: 3px;"> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-2665675471425577:4654561773" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8" /> <input type="text" name="q" width="40" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> </div></div> </form> </div> <style> #ataglance div.info { margin-top: 6px; margin-bottom: 6px; } </style> <div id="infolayer"> <div id="textboundingbox"> <h1 id="textname">Theophilus of Antioch</h1> <div id="toprightad" style="float: right;"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- Top Right Article --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:336px;height:280px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-2665675471425577" data-ad-slot="8302713982"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <div id="ataglance" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: 0 px; width: 210px; border-style: groove; border-width: 4px; color: black; border-color: rgb( 174, 134, 64 ); background-color: rgb( 250, 240, 230 ); margin-top: 5px;"> <div style="padding: 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;" class="info"> <div style="text-align: center; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;"><b>At a Glance</b></div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"><div style="display: block; float: right; left: 0px; width: 75px;">Treatise</div> Genre<!--<a href="genre.html">Genre</a>-->: </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"><div style="display: block; float: right; left: 0px; width: 75px;">(3/5) ***</div> Reliability of Dating<!--<a href="dating.html">Reliability of Dating</a>-->: </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"><div style="display: block; float: right; left: 0px; width: 75px;">(4/5) ****</div> Length of Text<!--<a href="lengthoftext.html">Length of Text</a>-->: </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"><div style="display: block; float: right; left: 0px; width: 75px;">Greek</div> Original Language: </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"> <div>Ancient Translations:</div> <div style="margin-left: 12px;"></div> </div> <div style="width: auto;" class="info"> <div>Modern Translations:</div> <div style="margin-left: 12px;"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p style="position: relative; display: inline; padding-top: 0px; margin-top: 5px;"></p> <h2>Estimated Range of Dating: 180-185 <span class="ce">A.D.</span></h2> <div><a href="index.html"><b>Chronological List of Early Christian Writings</b></a></div> <div>Discuss this text on the <a href="http://earlywritings.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=3">Early Writings forum</a>.</div> <h2>Text</h2> <ul style="margin-right: 220px;"> <li><a href="text/theophilus-book1.html">Book I</a></li> <li><a href="text/theophilus-book2.html">Book II</a></li> <li><a href="text/theophilus-book3.html">Book III</a></li> </ul> <h2>Resources</h2> <ul style="margin-right: 220px;"> <li><a href="info/theophilus.html">Roberts-Donaldson Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="info/theophilus-wace.html">Wace Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="tixeront/section1-2.html#theophilus">Handbook of Patrology: Theophilus of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="info/theophilus-cathen.html">Catholic Encyclopedia: Theophilus</a></li> </ul> <h2>Books</h2> <ul style="margin-right: 220px;"> <li>Rick Rogers, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0739101323/peterkirby">Theophilus of Antioch</a> (Lexington Books 2000)</li> </ul> <div><a href="books.html"><b>Recommended Books for the Study of Early Christian Writings</b></a></div> <h2>Information on Theophilus of Antioch</h2> <P> Theophilus of Antioch wrote c. 180-185 CE.</p> <div style="float: left; margin-right: 20px;"><script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <!-- Rectangle - left --> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:300px;height:250px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-2665675471425577" data-ad-slot="3495055140"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script></div> <h2>Some Contemporary Texts</h2> <ul style="display: table;"> <li><a href="galen.html">Galen</a> (175-190 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="celsus.html">Celsus</a> (178 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="viennalyons.html">Letter from Vienna and Lyons</a> (178 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="scillitan.html">Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs</a> (180 A.D.)</li> <li><b>Theophilus of Antioch</b> (180-185 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="actsapollonius.html">Acts of Apollonius</a> (180-185 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="bardesanes.html">Bardesanes</a> (180-220 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="kerygmatapetrou.html">Kerygmata Petrou</a> (180-220 A.D.)</li> <li><a href="hippolytus.html">Hippolytus of Rome</a> (180-230 A.D.)</li> </ul> </div> <div style='clear: both;'></div> <hr width="50%"> <p style="text-align: center">Go to the <a href="index.html">Chronological List</a> of all Early Christian Writings</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "ca-pub-2665675471425577"; /* Leaderboard-bot */ google_ad_slot = "4364046558"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script></p> <p style="text-align: center; font-size:135%;">Please <a href="http://earlywritings.com/buy/">buy the CD</a> to support the site, view it without ads, and get bonus stuff!</p> <div id="infoleft"></div> <div id="inforight"></div> <div id="footer"> <div id="footleft"></div> <div id="footright"></div> </div> <div id="whitebottomlayer"> <p id="copyrightnotice"><a href="index.html">Early Christian Writings</a> is copyright © <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- var months=new Array(13); months[1]="Jan."; months[2]="Feb."; months[3]="Mar."; months[4]="Apr."; months[5]="May"; months[6]="June"; months[7]="July"; months[8]="Aug."; months[9]="Sept."; months[10]="Oct."; months[11]="Nov."; months[12]="Dec."; var time=new Date(); var lmonth=months[time.getMonth() + 1]; var date=time.getDate(); var year=time.getYear(); if (year < 2000) year = year + 1900; document.write("2001-" + year); // --> </script> Peter Kirby <code><<a href="http://www.peterkirby.com/">E-Mail</a>></code>.</p> <iframe src="http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fpages%2Fearlychristianwritingscom%2F121187514627340&send=false&layout=box_count&width=55&show_faces=true&action=like&colorscheme=light&font&height=65" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="border:none; overflow:hidden; width:55px; height:65px; float: left; margin-left: 15px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe> <div style="float: left; margin-right: 10px;"> <!-- Place this tag where you want the +1 button to render. --> <div class="g-plusone"></div> <!-- Place this tag after the last +1 button tag. --> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })(); </script> <div><a href="https://twitter.com/mrpeterkirby" class="twitter-follow-button" data-show-count="false" data-size="large" data-dnt="true">Follow @mrpeterkirby</a> <script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');</script></div> </div> <div id="buythecd"><a href="http://earlywritings.com/buy/"><img src="pic/textanim.gif" alt="Get the CD Now!" width="108" height="39"></a></div> <div style="width: 500px; font-size: 12px; margin-top: 8px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-left: 50px;"><div style="position: absolute; width: 40px; height: 40px;"><b>MLA<br>Style</b></div><div style="position: relative; left: 40px;"><p>Kirby, Peter. "Theophilus of Antioch." <i>Early Christian Writings</i>. <script language="JavaScript"> <!-- document.write(year + ". " + date + " " + lmonth + " " + year); // --> </script> <http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/theophilus.html>.</p></div></div> </div></div><div id="headlayer"> <div id="headleft"></div> <div id="headright"></div> <ul id="menu" style="position: absolute; margin-left: -149px; left: 50%; top: 83px; width: 0px; height: 0px;"> <li class="topli" style="left: 0px; width: 87px; height: 29px;"><a href="newtestament.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 87px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="New Testament"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 99px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 97px"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 96px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Gospels</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 51px; height: 67px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 49px; height: 65px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 48px; height: 64px;"> <li><a href="matthew.html">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="mark.html">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="luke.html">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="john.html">John</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="acts.html"><span>Acts</span></a></li> <li class="submenu"><a><span>Letters of Paul</span></a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 88px; height: 211px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 86px; height: 209px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 85px; height: 208px;"> <li><a href="romans.html">Romans</a></li> <li><a href="1corinthians.html">1 Corinthians</a></li> <li><a href="2corinthians.html">2 Corinthians</a></li> <li><a href="galatians.html">Galatians</a></li> <li><a href="ephesians.html">Ephesians</a></li> <li><a href="philippians.html">Philippians</a></li> <li><a href="colossians.html">Colossians</a></li> <li><a href="1thessalonians.html">1 Thessalonians</a></li> <li><a href="2thessalonians.html">2 Thessalonians</a></li> <li><a href="1timothy.html">1 Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="2timothy.html">2 Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="titus.html">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="philemon.html">Philemon</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="hebrews.html"><span>Letter to the Hebrews</span></a></li> <li class="submenu"><a><span>General Letters</span></a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 51px; height: 115px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 49px; height: 113px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 48px; height: 112px;"> <li><a href="james.html">James</a></li> <li><a href="1peter.html">1 Peter</a></li> <li><a href="2peter.html">2 Peter</a></li> <li><a href="1john.html">1 John</a></li> <li><a href="2john.html">2 John</a></li> <li><a href="3john.html">3 John</a></li> <li><a href="jude.html">Jude</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="revelation.html"><span>Revelation</span></a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="topli" style="left: 87px; width: 62px; height: 29px;"><a href="apocrypha.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 62px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="Apocrypha"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 115px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 113px;"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 112px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Gospels</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 131px; height: 163px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 129px; height: 161px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 128px; height: 160px;"> <li><a href="thomas.html">Gospel of Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="egerton.html">Egerton Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="gospelpeter.html">Gospel of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="oxyrhynchus840.html">Oxyrhynchus 840</a></li> <li><a href="gospelmary.html">Gospel of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="apostolorum.html">Epistula Apostolorum</a></li> <li><a href="infancyjames.html">Infancy Gospel of James</a></li> <li><a href="infancythomas.html">Infancy Gospel of Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="actspilate.html">Acts of Pilate</a></li> <li><a href="diatessaron.html">Diatessaron</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Gospel Fragments</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 156px; height: 131px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 154px; height: 129px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 153px; height: 128px;"> <li><a href="oxyrhynchus1224.html">Oxyrhynchus 1224</a></li> <li><a href="secretmark.html">Fayyum Fragment</a></li> <li><a href="gospelegyptians.html">Gospel of the Egyptians</a></li> <li><a href="gospelhebrews.html">Gospel of the Hebrews</a></li> <li><a href="gospelebionites.html">Gospel of the Ebionites</a></li> <li><a href="gospelnazoreans.html">Gospel of the Nazoreans</a></li> <li><a href="traditionsmatthias.html">Traditions of Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="dura.html">Dura-Europos Gospel Harmony</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Apostolic Acts</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 158px; height: 131px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 156px; height: 129px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 155px; height: 128px;"> <li><a href="preachingpeter.html">Preaching of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="actspeter.html">Acts of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="actsjohn.html">Acts of John</a></li> <li><a href="actspaul.html">Acts of Paul</a></li> <li><a href="actsandrew.html">Acts of Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="actspetertwelve.html">Acts of Peter and the Twelve</a></li> <li><a href="contender.html">Book of Thomas the Contender</a></li> <li><a href="actsthomas.html">Acts of Thomas</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Martyrologies</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 203px; height: 115px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 201px; height: 113px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 200px; height: 112px;"> <li><a href="martyrdompolycarp.html">Martyrdom of Polycarp</a></li> <li><a href="esra.html">Fifth and Sixth Books of Esra</a></li> <li><a href="carpus.html">Acts of Carpus, Papylus, and Agathonice</a></li> <li><a href="viennalyons.html">Letter from Vienna and Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="scillitan.html">Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="actsapollonius-2.html">Acts of Apollonius</a></li> <li><a href="actsperpetua.html">Acts of Perpetua and Felicitas</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="didache.html">Didache</a></li> <li><a href="apocalypsepeter.html">Apocalypse of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="didascalia.html">Didascalia</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="topli" style="left: 149px; width: 52px; height: 29px;"><a href="gnostics.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 52px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="Gnostics"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 99px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 97px;"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 96px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Dialogues with Jesus</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 116px; height: 115px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 114px; height: 113px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 113px; height: 112px;"> <li><a href="sophia.html">Sophia of Jesus Christ</a></li> <li><a href="secretjames.html">Secret James</a></li> <li><a href="gospelmary.html">Gospel of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="dialoguesavior.html">Dialogue of the Savior</a></li> <li><a href="gospelsavior.html">Gospel of the Savior</a></li> <li><a href="jeu.html">Books of Jeu</a></li> <li><a href="pistis.html">Pistis Sophia</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Apocalypses</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 138px; height: 67px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 136px; height: 65px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 135px; height: 64px;"> <li><a href="apocalypsejames2.html">2nd Apocalypse of James</a></li> <li><a href="nhlapocalypsepaul.html">Coptic Apocalypse of Paul</a></li> <li><a href="apocalypsejames1.html">1st Apocalypse of James</a></li> <li><a href="nhlapocalypsepeter.html">Coptic Apocalypse of Peter</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Acts</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 158px; height: 51px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 156px; height: 49px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 155px; height: 48px;"> <li><a href="actspetertwelve.html">Acts of Peter and the Twelve</a></li> <li><a href="contender.html">Book of Thomas the Contender</a></li> <li><a href="petertophilip.html">Letter of Peter to Philip</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>More Nag Hammadi</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 189px; height: 131px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 187px; height: 129px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 186px; height: 128px;"> <li><a href="apocryphonjohn.html">Apocryphon of John</a></li> <li><a href="gospeltruth.html">Gospel of Truth</a></li> <li><a href="treatiseres.html">Treatise on the Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="gospelphilip.html">Gospel of Philip</a></li> <li><a href="trimorphic.html">Trimorphic Protennoia</a></li> <li><a href="authoritative.html">Authoritative Teaching</a></li> <li><a href="eighthninth.html">Discourse on the Eighth and the Ninth</a></li> <li><a href="melchizedek.html">Melchizedek</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Quoted Authors</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 111px; height: 115px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 109px; height: 113px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 108px; height: 112px;"> <li><a href="basilides.html">Basilides</a></li> <li><a href="naassene.html">Naassene Fragments</a></li> <li><a href="valentinus.html">Valentinus</a></li> <li><a href="marcion.html">Marcion</a></li> <li><a href="epiphanes.html">Epiphanes</a></li> <li><a href="ophite.html">Ophite Diagrams</a></li> <li><a href="gospeljudas.html">Gospel of Judas</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>More Quoted Authors</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 111px; height: 99px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 109px; height: 97px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 108px; height: 96px;"> <li><a href="ptolemy.html">Ptolemy</a></li> <li><a href="isidore.html">Isidore</a></li> <li><a href="theodotus.html">Theodotus</a></li> <li><a href="heracleon.html">Heracleon</a></li> <li><a href="apelles.html">Apelles</a></li> <li><a href="cassianus.html">Julius Cassianus</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="topli" style="left: 201px; width: 85px; height: 29px;"><a href="churchfathers.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 85px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="Church Fathers"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 147px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 145px;"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 144px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Apostolic Fathers</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 163px; height: 147px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 161px; height: 145px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 160px; height: 144px;"> <li><a href="didache.html">Didache</a></li> <li><a href="barnabas.html">Epistle of Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="1clement.html">First Clement</a></li> <li><a href="shepherd.html">Shepherd of Hermas</a></li> <li><a href="ignatius.html">Ignatius of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="polycarp.html">Polycarp to the Philippians</a></li> <li><a href="2clement.html">Second Clement</a></li> <li><a href="diognetus.html">Epistle of Mathetes to Diognetus</a></li> <li><a href="martyrdompolycarp.html">Martyrdom of Polycarp</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Apologists</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 120px; height: 99px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 118px; height: 97px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 117px; height: 96px;"> <li><a href="aristides.html">Aristides</a></li> <li><a href="justin.html">Justin Martyr</a></li> <li><a href="tatian.html">Tatian</a></li> <li><a href="octavius.html">Minucius Felix</a></li> <li><a href="athenagoras.html">Athenagoras of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="theophilus.html">Theophilus of Antioch</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Quoted Authors</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 123px; height: 147px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 121px; height: 145px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 120px; height: 144px;"> <li><a href="papias.html">Papias</a></li> <li><a href="quadratus.html">Quadratus</a></li> <li><a href="aristo.html">Aristo of Pella</a></li> <li><a href="apollinaris.html">Claudius Apollinaris</a></li> <li><a href="melito.html">Melito of Sardis</a></li> <li><a href="hegesippus.html">Hegesippus</a></li> <li><a href="dionysius.html">Dionysius of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="rhodon.html">Rhodon</a></li> <li><a href="theophiluscaesarea.html">Theophilus of Caesarea</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>More Quoted Authors</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 136px; height: 147px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 134px; height: 145px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 133px; height: 144px;"> <li><a href="bardesanes.html">Bardesanes</a></li> <li><a href="maximus.html">Maximus of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="polycrates.html">Polycrates of Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="victor.html">Victor I</a></li> <li><a href="pantaenus.html">Pantaenus</a></li> <li><a href="antimontanist.html">Anonymous Anti-Montanist</a></li> <li><a href="serapion.html">Serapion of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="apollonius.html">Apollonius</a></li> <li><a href="caius.html">Caius</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="irenaeus.html">Irenaeus of Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="hippolytus.html">Hippolytus of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="clement.html">Clement of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="tertullian.html">Tertullian</a></li> <li><a href="origen.html">Origen</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="topli" style="left: 286px; width: 41px; height: 29px;"><a href="other.html"><img src="pic/spacer.gif" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 85px; height: 29px; border: 0px;" alt="Other"></a> <ul class="topul" style="width: 133px; height: 115px;"> <div class="topdiv1" style="width: 131px; height: 113px;"><div class="topdiv2" style="width: 130px; height: 112px;"> <li class="submenu"><a>Pagan and Jewish</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 105px; height: 195px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 103px; height: 193px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 102px; height: 192px;"> <li><a href="mara.html">Mara bar Serapion</a></li> <li><a href="josephus.html">Josephus</a></li> <li><a href="pliny.html">Pliny the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="suetonius.html">Suetonius</a></li> <li><a href="tacitus.html">Tacitus</a></li> <li><a href="fronto.html">Fronto</a></li> <li><a href="lucian.html">Lucian of Samosata</a></li> <li><a href="aurelius.html">Marcus Aurelius</a></li> <li><a href="galen.html">Galen</a></li> <li><a href="celsus.html">Celsus</a></li> <li><a href="talmud.html">Talmud</a></li> <li><a href="philostratus.html">Philostratus</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Jewish/Christian</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 117px; height: 83px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 115px; height: 81px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 114px; height: 80px;"> <li><a href="patriarchs.html">The Twelve Patriarchs</a></li> <li><a href="sibylline.html">Non-Pagan Sibyllines</a></li> <li><a href="odes.html">Odes of Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="elchasai.html">Book of Elchasai</a></li> <li><a href="ascension.html">Ascension of Isaiah</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li class="submenu"><a>Hypothesized Sources</a> <ul class="subul" style="left: 129px; width: 117px; height: 51px;"> <div class="subdiv1" style="width: 115px; height: 49px;"><div class="subdiv2" style="width: 114px; height: 48px;"> <li><a href="passion.html">Passion Narrative</a></li> <li><a href="q.html">Sayings Gospel Q</a></li> <li><a href="signs.html">Signs Gospel</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> <li><a href="antimarcion.html">Anti-Marcionite Prologues</a></li> <li><a href="muratorian.html">Muratorian Canon</a></li> <li><a href="kerygmatapetrou.html">Kerygmata Petrou</a></li> <li><a href="abercius.html">Inscription of Abercias</a></li> </div></div> </ul> </li> </ul> </div><![if !IE]><script language="JavaScript"> <!-- var view = document.defaultView; var symboltab = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,8704,0,8707,0,0, 8715,0,0,8727,0,0,8722,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,8773,913,914,935,8710,917,934,915,919,921, 977,922,923,924,925,927,928,920,929,931,932,933,962, 8486,926,936,918,0,8756,0,8869,0,8254,945,946,967, 948,949,966,947,951,953,981,954,955,956,957,959,960, 952,961,963,964,965,982,969,958,968,950,0,0,0,8764,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,978,8242,8804,8725,8734,402,9827,9830, 9829,9824,8596,8592,8593,8594,8595,176,177,8243, 8805,215,8733,8706,8226,247,8800,8801,8776,8230,0, 0,8629,8501,8465,8476,8472,8855,8853,8709,8745,8746, 8835,8839,8836,8834,8838,8712,8713,8736,8711,174,169, 8482,8719,8730,8901,172,8743,8744,8660,8656,8657, 8658,8659,9674,9001,174,169,8482,8721,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,9002,8747,8992,0,8993,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0]; function convNode(n) { var n1; if (n == null) return; if (n.nodeType == 3) { elem = n.parentNode; var st = view.getComputedStyle(elem, null); var val = st.getPropertyValue('font-family'); if (val.toLowerCase() == 'symbol') { var s0 = n.data, s1 = '', len = s0.length, ch; for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { ch = s0.charCodeAt(i); if (ch < 256 && symboltab[ch] != 0) ch = symboltab[ch]; s1 += String.fromCharCode(ch); } n.data = s1; } } n1 = n.firstChild; while (n1 != null) { convNode(n1); n1 = n1.nextSibling; } } convNode(document); // <![endif]--> </script><!--[if IE]> <script language="JavaScript">var sURL = unescape(window.location.pathname); function refresh() {window.location.href = sURL;}</script> <script language="JavaScript1.1">function refresh() {window.location.replace( sURL );}</script> <script language="JavaScript1.2">function refresh() {window.location.reload( false );}</script> <script language="JavaScript">window.onresize = refresh;</script> <![endif]--> <!-- Javascript tag: --> <!-- begin ZEDO for channel: EarlyChristianWritings - CLB , publisher: Early Christian Writings , Ad Dimension: Pixel/Popup - 1 x 1 --> <script language="JavaScript"> var zflag_nid="305"; var zflag_cid="39404/39401/1"; var zflag_sid="4519"; var zflag_width="1"; var zflag_height="1"; var zflag_sz="15"; var zflag_click="[INSERT_CLICK_TRACKER_MACRO]"; </script> <script language="JavaScript" src="http://c5.zedo.com/jsc/c5/fo.js"></script> <!-- end ZEDO for channel: EarlyChristianWritings - CLB , publisher: Early Christian Writings , Ad Dimension: Pixel/Popup - 1 x 1 --> </body> </html>