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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Exodus 1:8 Then a new king, who did not know Joseph, came to power in Egypt.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/exodus/1-8.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/12/02_Exo_01_08.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Exodus 1:8 - Oppression by a New King" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Then a new king, who did not know Joseph, came to power in Egypt." /><script type="application/javascript" 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align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad8.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/exodus/1-7.htm" title="Exodus 1:7">◄</a> Exodus 1:8 <a href="/exodus/1-9.htm" title="Exodus 1:9">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/exodus/1.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />Then a new king, to whom Joseph meant nothing, came to power in Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/exodus/1.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Eventually, a new king came to power in Egypt who knew nothing about Joseph or what he had done.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/exodus/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then a new king, who did not know Joseph, came to power in Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/exodus/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/exodus/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/exodus/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/exodus/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/exodus/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/exodus/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />And a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/exodus/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph [nor the history of his accomplishments].<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/exodus/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />A new king, who did not know about Joseph, came to power in Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/exodus/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />A new king, who had not known Joseph, came to power in Egypt. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/exodus/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/exodus/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Many years later a new king came to power. He did not know what Joseph had done for Egypt, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/exodus/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />Now there arose a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/exodus/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Then a new king, who knew nothing about Joseph, began to rule in Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/exodus/1.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Then, a new king, who knew nothing about Joseph, came to power in Egypt. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/exodus/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Eventually a new king who was unacquainted with Joseph came to power in Egypt. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/exodus/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then a new king, who did not know Joseph, came to power in Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/exodus/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Then a new king, who did not know about Joseph, came to power over Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/exodus/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/exodus/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/exodus/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who didn’t know Joseph. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/exodus/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And there rises a new king over Egypt, who has not known Joseph,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/exodus/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And there riseth a new king over Egypt, who hath not known Joseph,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/exodus/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And a new king will arise over Egypt, who will not know Joseph.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/exodus/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />In the mean time there arose a new king over Egypt, that knew not Joseph: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/exodus/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />Meanwhile, there arose a new king over Egypt, who was ignorant of Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/exodus/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Then a new king, who knew nothing of Joseph, rose to power in Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/exodus/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/exodus/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Now there rose up a new king over Egypt who knew not Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/exodus/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And a new King arose over Egypt that had not known Yoseph.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/exodus/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/exodus/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And there arose up another king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/exodus/1-8.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=39" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/exodus/1.htm">Oppression by a New King</a></span><br> <span class="reftext">8</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/2319.htm" title="2319: ḥā·ḏāš (Adj-ms) -- New. From chadash; new.">Then a new</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ- (N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">king,</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">who</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: lō- (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">did not</a> <a href="/hebrew/3045.htm" title="3045: yā·ḏa‘ (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- A primitive root; to know; used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially.">know</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3130.htm" title="3130: yō·w·sêp̄ (N-proper-ms) -- Future of yacaph; let him add; Joseph, the name of seven Israelites.">Joseph,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6965.htm" title="6965: way·yā·qām (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To arise, stand up, stand. A primitive root; to rise.">came to power</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">in</a> <a href="/hebrew/4714.htm" title="4714: miṣ·rā·yim (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Ham, also his desc. and their country in N.W. Africa. Dual of matsowr; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt.">Egypt.</a> </span><span class="reftext">9</span>“Look,” he said to his people, “the Israelites have become too numerous and too powerful for us.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/7-18.htm">Acts 7:18</a></span><br />Then another king, who knew nothing of Joseph, arose over Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/105-25.htm">Psalm 105:25</a></span><br />whose hearts He turned to hate His people, to conspire against His servants.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/15-13.htm">Genesis 15:13</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Abram, “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a land that is not their own, and they will be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/47-11.htm">Genesis 47:11</a></span><br />So Joseph settled his father and brothers in the land of Egypt and gave them property in the best part of the land, the district of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/47-27.htm">Genesis 47:27</a></span><br />Now the Israelites settled in the land of Egypt, in the region of Goshen. They acquired property there and became fruitful and increased greatly in number.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/50-24.htm">Genesis 50:24</a></span><br />Then Joseph said to his brothers, “I am about to die, but God will surely visit you and bring you up from this land to the land He promised on oath to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/26-6.htm">Deuteronomy 26:6</a></span><br />But the Egyptians mistreated us and afflicted us, putting us to hard labor.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/7-6.htm">Acts 7:6</a></span><br />God told him that his descendants would be foreigners in a strange land, and that they would be enslaved and mistreated four hundred years.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/41-39.htm">Genesis 41:39-41</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Since God has made all this known to you, there is no one as discerning and wise as you. / You shall be in charge of my house, and all my people are to obey your commands. Only with regard to the throne will I be greater than you.” / Pharaoh also told Joseph, “I hereby place you over all the land of Egypt.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/41-44.htm">Genesis 41:44</a></span><br />And Pharaoh declared to Joseph, “I am Pharaoh, but without your permission, no one in all the land of Egypt shall lift his hand or foot.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/41-55.htm">Genesis 41:55</a></span><br />When extreme hunger came to all the land of Egypt and the people cried out to Pharaoh for food, he told all the Egyptians, “Go to Joseph and do whatever he tells you.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/50-8.htm">Genesis 50:8</a></span><br />along with all of Joseph’s household, and his brothers, and his father’s household. Only their children and flocks and herds were left in Goshen.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/50-22.htm">Genesis 50:22</a></span><br />Now Joseph and his father’s household remained in Egypt, and Joseph lived to the age of 110.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/50-26.htm">Genesis 50:26</a></span><br />So Joseph died at the age of 110. And they embalmed his body and placed it in a coffin in Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/5-2.htm">Exodus 5:2</a></span><br />But Pharaoh replied, “Who is the LORD that I should obey His voice and let Israel go? I do not know the LORD, and I will not let Israel go.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">Now there arose up a new king over Egypt, which knew not Joseph.</p><p class="hdg">a new king.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/ecclesiastes/2-18.htm">Ecclesiastes 2:18,19</a></b></br> Yea, I hated all my labour which I had taken under the sun: because I should leave it unto the man that shall be after me… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/ecclesiastes/9-15.htm">Ecclesiastes 9:15</a></b></br> Now there was found in it a poor wise man, and he by his wisdom delivered the city; yet no man remembered that same poor man.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/acts/7-18.htm">Acts 7:18</a></b></br> Till another king arose, which knew not Joseph.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/1-5.htm">Egypt</a> <a href="/exodus/1-6.htm">Joseph</a> <a href="/genesis/45-22.htm">New</a> <a href="/exodus/1-7.htm">Power</a> <a href="/genesis/46-5.htm">Riseth</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/1-15.htm">Egypt</a> <a href="/exodus/13-19.htm">Joseph</a> <a href="/exodus/19-1.htm">New</a> <a href="/exodus/1-9.htm">Power</a> <a href="/exodus/12-30.htm">Riseth</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-1.htm">The children of Israel, after Joseph's death, increase.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-8.htm">The more they are oppressed by a new king, the more they multiply.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">15. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-15.htm">The godliness of the midwives in saving the male children alive.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/1-22.htm">Pharaoh commands the male children to be cast into the river</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/1.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/exodus/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Then a new king</b><br>This phrase introduces a significant transition in the narrative of Israel's history in Egypt. The "new king" signifies a change in leadership and policy. Historically, this may refer to a shift in dynasties, possibly the rise of the Hyksos or a native Egyptian dynasty that sought to reassert control. This change marks the beginning of Israel's oppression, setting the stage for the Exodus. Theologically, it underscores the theme of God's sovereignty over political changes and His unfolding plan for His people.<p><b>who did not know Joseph</b><br>Joseph, once a prominent figure in Egypt, had saved the nation from famine and was highly esteemed. The phrase "did not know Joseph" suggests a deliberate disregard for his contributions and the covenantal relationship between Joseph's family and Egypt. This ignorance or willful neglect leads to the Israelites' enslavement. It highlights the transient nature of human favor and the importance of remembering God's past deliverances. This forgetfulness contrasts with God's faithfulness and serves as a warning against neglecting God's works and people.<p><b>came to power in Egypt</b><br>The rise to power of this new king in Egypt marks a pivotal moment in the biblical narrative. Egypt, a powerful and influential nation, becomes the setting for Israel's suffering and eventual deliverance. This phrase emphasizes the geopolitical context of the time, where Egypt was a dominant force in the ancient Near East. Theologically, it sets the stage for God's demonstration of His power over the mightiest empire of the time, foreshadowing the plagues and the Exodus. It also prefigures Christ's ultimate victory over sin and death, as God delivers His people from bondage.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/n/new_king_of_egypt.htm">New King of Egypt</a></b><br>This refers to a Pharaoh who ascended to the throne and did not have any regard or knowledge of Joseph's contributions to Egypt. His lack of awareness or acknowledgment of Joseph's legacy sets the stage for the Israelites' oppression.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/j/joseph.htm">Joseph</a></b><br>Joseph was a Hebrew who rose to prominence in Egypt, becoming second in command to Pharaoh. His leadership during a time of famine saved Egypt and surrounding nations, including his own family, the Israelites.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>A powerful ancient civilization where the Israelites lived and prospered during Joseph's time. However, with the rise of the new king, Egypt becomes a place of bondage for the Israelites.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/i/israelites.htm">Israelites</a></b><br>The descendants of Jacob (Israel) who initially found favor in Egypt due to Joseph's position but later became enslaved under the new Pharaoh's rule.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/transition_of_power.htm">Transition of Power</a></b><br>The change in leadership marks a significant shift in the Israelites' circumstances, from favor to oppression, highlighting the impermanence of political alliances and human favor.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_impermanence_of_human_favor.htm">The Impermanence of Human Favor</a></b><br>Human favor is fleeting and can change with new leadership or circumstances. Our ultimate trust should be in God's unchanging nature rather than in human institutions or leaders.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_remembering_history.htm">The Importance of Remembering History</a></b><br>The new king's ignorance of Joseph's contributions underscores the importance of remembering and honoring the past. As believers, we should be diligent in remembering God's faithfulness throughout history.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_changing_times.htm">God's Sovereignty in Changing Times</a></b><br>Even when circumstances change and seem unfavorable, God remains sovereign. He can use difficult situations to fulfill His purposes, as seen in the eventual deliverance of the Israelites.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_leadership.htm">The Role of Leadership</a></b><br>Leadership can significantly impact the lives of people. As Christians, we should pray for our leaders and seek to influence our communities positively, remembering that leadership is a stewardship from God.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_did_moses_mean_by_'let_my_people_go'.htm">What did Moses mean by "Let my people go"?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_does_the_ankh_symbol_represent.htm">What does the ankh symbol represent?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_defines_bioethics.htm">What role did Egyptians play in biblical narratives?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/can_christians_befriend_non-christians.htm">What evidence supports the historical occurrence of the Exodus?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(8) <span class= "bld">There arose up a new king.</span>--A king of a new dynasty might seem to be intended. Some suppose him to be Aahmes I., the founder of the eighteenth dynasty of Manetho; others suggest Rameses II., one of the greatest monarchs of the nineteenth. The present writer inclines to regard him as Seti I., the father of this Rameses, and the son of Rameses I. Seti, though not the actual founder of the nineteenth dynasty, was the originator of its greatness. (See Excursus I. "On Egyptian History, as connected with the Book of Exodus," at the end of this Book.)<p><span class= "bld">Which knew not Joseph.</span>--It seems to be implied that, for some considerable time after his death, the memory of the benefits conferred by Joseph upon Egypt had protected his kinsfolk. But, in the shifts and changes incident to politics--especially to Oriental politics--this condition of things had passed away. The "new king" felt under no obligation to him, perhaps was even ignorant of his name. He viewed the political situation apart from all personal predilections, and saw a danger in it.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 8.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">There arose up a new king</span>. It is asked, Does this mean merely another king, or a <span class="accented">completely different</span> king, one of a new dynasty or a new family, not bound by precedent, but free to adopt and likely to adopt quite new principles of government? The latter seems the more probable supposition; but it is probable only, not certain. Assuming it to be what is really meant, we have to ask, What changes of dynasty fall within the probable period of the Israelite sojourn in Egypt, and to which of them is it most likely that allusion is here made? Some writers (as Kalisch) have supposed the Hyksos dynasty to be meant, and the "new king" to be Set, or Salatis, the first of the Hyksos rulers. But the date of Salatis appears to us too early. If Joseph was, as we suppose, the minister of Apophis, the last Hyksos king, two changes of dynasty only can come into consideration - that which took place about <span class="date">B.C. 1700</span> (or, according to some, <span class="date">B.C. 1600</span>), when the Hyksos were expelled; and that which followed about three centuries later, when the eighteenth dynasty was superseded by the nineteenth. To us it seems that the former of these occasions, though in many respects suitable, is <p><span class="note_emph">(a)</span> too near the going down into Egypt to allow time for the multiplication which evidently took place before this king arose (see ver. 7), and <p><span class="note_emph">(b)</span> unsuitable from the circumstance that the first king of this dynasty was not a builder of new cities (see ver. 11), but only a repairer of temples. We therefore conclude that the "new king" was either Rameses I., the founder of the nineteenth dynasty, or Seti I., his son, who within little more than a year succeeded him. It is evident that this view receives much confirmation from the name of one of the cities built for the king by the Hebrews, which was Raamses, or Rameses, a name now appearing for the first time in the Egyptian dynastic lists. <span class="cmt_word">Who knew not Joseph</span>. Who not only had no personal know]edge of Joseph, but was wholly ignorant of his history. At the distance of from two to three centuries the benefits conferred by Joseph upon Egypt, more especially as they were conferred under a foreign and hated dynasty, were forgotten. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/exodus/1-8.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Then a new</span><br /><span class="heb">חָדָ֖שׁ</span> <span class="translit">(ḥā·ḏāš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adjective - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2319.htm">Strong's 2319: </a> </span><span class="str2">New</span><br /><br /><span class="word">king,</span><br /><span class="heb">מֶֽלֶךְ־</span> <span class="translit">(me·leḵ-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">who</span><br /><span class="heb">אֲשֶׁ֥ר</span> <span class="translit">(’ă·šer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Pronoun - relative<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_834.htm">Strong's 834: </a> </span><span class="str2">Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that</span><br /><br /><span class="word">knew</span><br /><span class="heb">יָדַ֖ע</span> <span class="translit">(yā·ḏa‘)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3045.htm">Strong's 3045: </a> </span><span class="str2">To know</span><br /><br /><span class="word">nothing</span><br /><span class="heb">לֹֽא־</span> <span class="translit">(lō-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb - Negative particle<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> </span><span class="str2">Not, no</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Joseph,</span><br /><span class="heb">יוֹסֵֽף׃</span> <span class="translit">(yō·w·sêp̄)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3130.htm">Strong's 3130: </a> </span><span class="str2">Joseph -- 'he increases', a son of Jacob, also the name of several Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">came to power</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיָּ֥קָם</span> <span class="translit">(way·yā·qām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6965.htm">Strong's 6965: </a> </span><span class="str2">To arise, stand up, stand</span><br /><br /><span class="word">in</span><br /><span class="heb">עַל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Egypt.</span><br /><span class="heb">מִצְרָ֑יִם</span> <span class="translit">(miṣ·rā·yim)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4714.htm">Strong's 4714: </a> </span><span class="str2">Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/exodus/1-8.htm">Exodus 1:8 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/exodus/1-8.htm">OT Law: Exodus 1:8 Now there arose a new king over (Exo. 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