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Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. </p> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>Even while globally blocked, you will <i>usually</i> still be able to edit pages on <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a>. </p> </div> <div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div style="font-size: 16px;"> <p>If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. 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A punching bag is usually cylindrical and filled with various materials of suitable hardness. ==History== [[File:1892 The Lively Sparring Bag - Peck & Snyder, New York - The Spalding Athletic Library.jpg|thumb|upright|An 1892 advertisement for The Lively Sparring Bag<ref name=SpaldingAthleticLibrary_189212>{{cite magazine |title=Bowling |url=http://www.hucosystems.com/articles/First%20Job.htg/bowling2.pdf |magazine=Spalding's Athletic Library |volume=1 |issue= 3 |publisher=American Sports Publishing Company |date=December 1892 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327135438/http://www.hucosystems.com/articles/First%20Job.htg/bowling2.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2020 |location=New York |url-status=dead }} (advertisement in monthly magazine)</ref>]] Punching bags have been used in [[martial arts]] and [[swordplay]] for the entire [[recorded history|written history]] of military training.<ref name="PD">{{Citation | surname=DePasquale| given=Peter|title=The Boxer's Workout | year=1990 | page=176|publisher=Fighting Fit|location=California|isbn=0-9627050-0-4 }}</ref> Similar apparatus in Asian martial arts include the Okinawan [[makiwara]] and the Chinese [[Muk Yan Jong|mook jong]], which may have padded striking surfaces attached to them.<ref name="BL"/> In martial arts and combat sports—such as [[karate]], [[taekwondo]], and [[Muay Thai]]—"heavy" bags, standing bags, and similar apparatuses have been adapted for practicing kicking and other striking maneuvers in addition to developing punching technique.<ref name="BL">{{Citation|title=Bruce Lee's Fighting Method,Vol. 2: Basic Training|page=128|year=1977|location=California|publisher=Ohara|isbn=0-89750-051-2|author-link=Bruce Lee|surname=Lee|given=Bruce}}</ref> ==Construction== Punching bags are often filled with [[Cereal|grains]], sand, rags, or other material, and are usually hung from the ceiling or affixed to a stand.<ref name="bag-contents">{{cite web|url=http://www.nbc30.com/news/13331924/detail.html?rss=har&psp=weird-news|title=NBC 30 Connecticut|date=2007-05-16|work=Family's Punching Bag Holds Smelly Surprise|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927180014/http://www.nbc30.com/news/13331924/detail.html?rss=har&psp=weird-news|archive-date=September 27, 2007|url-status=dead|access-date=2007-05-26}}</ref> Other bags have an internal bladder to allow them to be filled with air or water. The design of a punching bag allows it to take repeated and constant physical abuse without breaking. The bag must also absorb the impact of blows without causing harm to the user. ==Types== There are different types of punching bags, with different names based on their size, use and mounting method. Almost all punching bags are covered with either [[leather]] or synthetic materials such as [[vinyl (fabric)|vinyl]] which resist abrasion and [[mildew]]. [[Canvas]] can also be used as a bag material where there is lower use and [[humidity]]. [[File:US Navy 110325-N-7544A-044 Master-at-Arms 2nd Class Nancy Mora works out on a speed bag.jpg|thumb|Woman working out with a speed bag (AKA, speedball)]] {{anchor|speed bag}} [[File:Expert bag punching (1903).webm|thumb|thumbtime=1|Gus Keller, 1903]] '''Speed bags''' (AKA, speedballs) are small, air-filled bags anchored at the top to a rebound platform parallel to the ground. Speed bags help a fighter learn to keep their hands up, improve [[Eye–hand coordination|hand-eye coordination]], and learn to shift weight between feet when punching. They are also known as speedballs or speed ball bags. They are generally filled with air and fitted around a tight [[polyurethane|PU]]-based or leather material. They come in various sizes, ranging from the large {{cvt|13|x|10|in|cm}} and {{cvt|12|x|9|in|cm}}, midsize {{cvt|11|x|8|in|cm}}, {{cvt|10|x|7|in|cm}} and {{cvt|9|x|6|in|cm}}, to the small {{cvt|8|x|5|in|cm}}, {{cvt|7|x|4|in|cm}} and {{cvt|6|x|4|in|cm}}. Generally the larger the bag, the slower it is and the more force is required to keep it going. Large bags are used more for building strength and [[endurance]], while smaller bags allow the training athlete to focus on faster hand speed, timing and coordination. Beginners might view this bag more as a "control bag", not a speed bag, for they will not be able to punch both quickly and repetitively until they gain control over their swinging force and speed. A boxer normally hits the speed bag from the front with his or her fists, but it is also possible to use fists and elbows to hit the bag from all around it, including the front, back and sides. In this method the user may perform many diverse punching combinations that create improvised rhythmic accents. Although speed bags are normally hung vertically, recently the additional method of hanging a bag horizontally on a wall has regained popularity. This was very popular during the early twentieth century, specifically the 1920s–1940s era. The same punching skills may be used on the horizontal bag that are used when it hangs vertically. A '''coordination bag''' is a new{{When|date=April 2021}} type of speed bag that moves unpredictably rather than rhythmically. Additionally, due to the tedious mounting and anchoring necessary when installing a traditional speed bag platform, a '''portable speed bag''' platform that installs in a doorway has been created. Designed so that downward pressure stabilizes this portable speed bag platform, it can be installed and removed through a tension system that allows for use in any doorway. '''Swerve balls/floor-to-ceiling balls/double-end bags''' are almost the same as speed bags, with the only differences being that the bag' size, shape and material may be different, and that the cable system is attached to both the ceiling and a clip on the floor — when the boxer makes any strike on the ball, it reacts by swinging fast towards them, the object being to swerve, punch, dodge and improve co-ordination. The harder and faster these bags are hit, the more they rebound and react in different motions and angles, thus giving broader practice to the fighter. Double-floor to ceiling balls which allow for training body-head combinations also exist.<ref name="PD"/><ref name="BL"/> '''Maize bags''' or '''slip bags''' are not punched with great force, but are used in [[boxing training]] to improve the athlete's head motion and ability to evade an opponent's punch, their name deriving from the fact that traditionally they are filled with [[maize]]. A '''heavy bag''' is a larger, cylindrical bag, usually suspended by chains or ropes and used for practicing powerful body punches, and can be used to toughen hands or any other limb used to hit the bag.<ref name="PD"/><ref name="BL"/> Heavy bags are for developing power; technique is best learned on the punch mitts or pads. Some variants of heavy bag are a Banana Bag used in Muay Thai, which is longer than a regular heavy bag and is used to train low kicks and [[Knee (strike)|knee strikes]], and a slim line bag that is thinner than a heavy bag.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ehrliche-tests.de/boxsack-stehend-top-10/|date=January 2021|title=Standing punching bag|language=de}}</ref> '''Freestanding heavy bags''' are heavy bags mounted on a weighted pedestal rather than being hung from above. The base is typically filled with sand or water to give more stability to the bag and prevent it from moving around. While they serve the same purpose as hanging heavy bags, they can also be toppled over and used for ground-and-pound practice.<ref>{{cite web|date=January 2021|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/192945/self-defence-circular.pdf|title=Use of force in self defence at place of residence|author=Ministry of Justice}}</ref> Other variations on the standard heavy bag include horizontal suspension from both ends to practice [[uppercut]] punches, and non-cylindrical shapes. Freestanding reflex bags (freestanding speed bags) also exist. '''Uppercut bags''' began to appear towards the beginning of the 21st century. With so many different variations of bags and training equipment for boxing taking off, the uppercut bag was and is still a common sight in clubs and gyms. Designed for uppercut practice, [[Jab|jabbing]], curl punching and quick bursts of high and low punching practice, it allows the fighter to punch at different lengths, different speeds and different forces compared to the standard average 4-foot straight PU (polyurethane) punching bags. Some types of uppercut bags: An '''angle bag''' a variant of uppercut bag used for training [[Hook (boxing)|hooks]] and uppercuts; an '''uppercut horizontal punching tag''', '''teardrop bag''', '''body snatcher/wrecking ball bag''' or '''bowling pin bag''' are used for training knees and uppercuts. A '''wall bag''' is a type of bag that is attached to a wall and can be used for training hooks and uppercuts. [[File:USMC-100114-M-1909N-064.jpg|thumb|A "body opponent bag" on a pedestal mount]] Body-shaped training aids such as the modern "'''body opponent bag'''" are made primarily of synthetic materials, and punching bags are sometimes mounted on a weighted pedestal rather than hanging from above. These bags try to simulate a live opponent while providing an opportunity to practice vital area strikes which are generally unsafe to perform on a sparring partner. These are not considered punching bags in the strict sense, but modern versions of apparatus such as the [[Muk Yan Jong|wooden man apparatus]] of Chinese [[Wing Chun]], the medieval [[quintain (jousting)|quintain]], and target dummies used in modern [[bayonet]] training. Large inflatable [[balloon]]s with weighted bases are another kind of punching bag, often painted with a picture and sold as a children's toy. ==Safety precautions== {{manual|section|date=July 2012}} Heavy bags are typically filled with dense material which have little "give" (e.g., packed sand, grains, etc.); in order to avoid injury, hand protection ([[Boxing glove|boxing gloves]], bag gloves, training gloves, hand wraps, etc.) is used during practice. Powerful strikes to the heavy bag are not recommended for inexperienced, or younger athletes (<18 female, <21 male), as risk of [[sprain]], [[muscle strain|strain]], or bone-plate damage may adversely affect bone structures. It is highly recommended to carefully focus strikes to reduce chance of injury (such as [[boxer's fracture]]).<ref name="PD"/><ref name="BL"/> ==See also== {{Portal|Martial arts}} {{Commons category|Punching bags}} {{Wiktionary|punching bag}} *[[Strength tester machine]] – some of these machines utilize a punching bag ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Articles containing video clips]] [[Category:Boxing]] [[Category:Exercise equipment]] [[Category:Martial arts equipment]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ambox" title="Template:Ambox">Template:Ambox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Ambox&action=edit" title="Template:Ambox">view source</a>) (template editor protected)</li><li><a 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