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aria-controls="toc-Källor-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Källor</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidare_läsning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidare_läsning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vidare läsning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidare_läsning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Massa- och pappersindustri</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 29 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A8_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82" title="صناعة اللب والورق – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صناعة اللب والورق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Целулозно-хартиена промишленост – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Целулозно-хартиена промишленост" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwydiant_mwydion_a_phapur" title="Diwydiant mwydion a phapur – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Diwydiant mwydion a phapur" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papir-_og_papirmasseindustri" title="Papir- og papirmasseindustri – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Papir- og papirmasseindustri" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papierindustrie" title="Papierindustrie – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Papierindustrie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tselluloosi-_ja_paberit%C3%B6%C3%B6stus" title="Tselluloosi- ja paberitööstus – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tselluloosi- ja paberitööstus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%87%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Βιομηχανία χαρτοπολτού και χαρτιού – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βιομηχανία χαρτοπολτού και χαρτιού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulp_and_paper_industry" title="Pulp and paper industry – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pulp and paper industry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industria_papelera" title="Industria papelera – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Industria papelera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B0_%D9%88_%D8%AE%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B0" title="صنعت کاغذ و خمیرکاغذ – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صنعت کاغذ و خمیرکاغذ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrie_papeti%C3%A8re" title="Industrie papetière – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Industrie papetière" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="कागज उद्योग – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कागज उद्योग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industri_pulp_dan_kertas" title="Industri pulp dan kertas – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Industri pulp dan kertas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industria_cartaria" title="Industria cartaria – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Industria cartaria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A2%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8" title="תעשיית הנייר – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תעשיית הנייר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industri_pulpa_dan_kertas" title="Industri pulpa dan kertas – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Industri pulpa dan kertas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papierindustrie" title="Papierindustrie – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Papierindustrie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A3%BD%E7%B4%99%E6%A5%AD" title="製紙業 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="製紙業" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papirindustri" title="Papirindustri – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Papirindustri" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qog%CA%BBoz_sanoati" title="Qogʻoz sanoati – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qogʻoz sanoati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%8F%D8%AF%DB%92_%D8%AA%DB%92_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B0_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%AA" title="گُدے تے کاغذ دی صنعت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گُدے تے کاغذ دی صنعت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Целлюлозно-бумажное производство – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Целлюлозно-бумажное производство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Индустрија целулозе и папира – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Индустрија целулозе и папира" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrija_celuloze_i_papira" title="Industrija celuloze i papira – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Industrija celuloze i papira" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paperiteollisuus" title="Paperiteollisuus – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paperiteollisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A2%C4%9F%C4%B1t_end%C3%BCstrisi" title="Kâğıt endüstrisi – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kâğıt endüstrisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Целюлозно-паперова промисловість – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Целюлозно-паперова промисловість" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%AA_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B0" title="صنعت گودا و کاغذ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="صنعت گودا و کاغذ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%A0%E7%B4%99%E6%A5%AD" title="造紙業 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="造紙業" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2283886#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:M%C3%B6rrum2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/M%C3%B6rrum2.jpg/300px-M%C3%B6rrum2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/M%C3%B6rrum2.jpg/450px-M%C3%B6rrum2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/M%C3%B6rrum2.jpg/600px-M%C3%B6rrum2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6dra_Cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Södra Cell">Södra Cells</a> massafabrik vid Mörrum i Blekinge.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Massa- och pappersindustrin</b> kallas den gren av <a href="/wiki/Skogsindustri" title="Skogsindustri">skogsindustrin</a> som med <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A4" title="Trä">ved</a> som råvara tillverkar <a href="/wiki/Pappersmassa" title="Pappersmassa">pappersmassa</a> och <a href="/wiki/Papper" title="Papper">papper</a>. Tillverkningen av massa och papper kan ske som integrerad produktion vid samma bruk, eller vid separata massa- respektive pappersbruk. </p><p>De flesta trädslag kan utnyttjas för pappersmassaframställning, vanliga är bland andra <a href="/wiki/Gran" title="Gran">gran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tall" title="Tall">tall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk" class="mw-redirect" title="Björk">björk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asp_(tr%C3%A4d)" title="Asp (träd)">asp</a> och <a href="/wiki/Eukalyptus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukalyptus">eukalyptus</a>. Pappersmassan kan framställas kemiskt, idag nästan enbart genom <a href="/wiki/Sulfatprocessen" title="Sulfatprocessen">sulfatprocessen</a>, tidigare genom <a href="/wiki/Sulfitprocessen" title="Sulfitprocessen">sulfitprocessen</a>. Pappersmassa kan även <a href="/wiki/Mekanisk_pappersmassaframst%C3%A4llning" title="Mekanisk pappersmassaframställning">framställas mekaniskt</a> med bland annat kvarnar eller slipar. I ett integrerat bruk kan pappersmassan pumpas direkt till en pappersmaskin, annars torkas massan i en <a href="/wiki/Torkmaskin" title="Torkmaskin">torkmaskin</a>. </p><p>Papperet tillverkas i en <a href="/wiki/Pappersmaskin" title="Pappersmaskin">pappersmaskin</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>Huvudartikel: <a href="/wiki/Papperets_historia" title="Papperets historia">Papperets historia</a></i></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sverige">Sverige</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Sverige" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Sverige"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Kramfors_flygbild_industrier_1960.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kramfors_flygbild_industrier_1960.tif/lossy-page1-250px-Kramfors_flygbild_industrier_1960.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kramfors_flygbild_industrier_1960.tif/lossy-page1-375px-Kramfors_flygbild_industrier_1960.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kramfors_flygbild_industrier_1960.tif/lossy-page1-500px-Kramfors_flygbild_industrier_1960.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4350" data-file-height="3583" /></a><figcaption>Flygfoto över Kramfors massavedsindustrier dit timret <a href="/wiki/Flottning" title="Flottning">flottades</a> på <a href="/wiki/%C3%85ngerman%C3%A4lven" title="Ångermanälven">Ångermanälven</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sveriges första pappersbruk kan ha anlagts redan på 1520-talet av <a href="/wiki/Hans_Brask" title="Hans Brask">Biskop Brask</a> i <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6derk%C3%B6ping" title="Söderköping">Söderköping</a>. Säkert vet man att <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Vasa" title="Gustav Vasa">Gustav Vasa</a> anlade ett bruk i <a href="/wiki/Norrstr%C3%B6m" title="Norrström">Norrström</a>, vilket <a href="/wiki/Gustav_II_Adolf" title="Gustav II Adolf">Gustav II Adolf</a> senare flyttade till <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uddby_kvarn" title="Uddby kvarn">Uddby kvarn</a> omnämns som Sveriges första finpappersbruk. Detta anlades 1621 på initiativ av <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Gustafsson_Oxenstierna" title="Gabriel Gustafsson Oxenstierna">Gabriel Gustafsson Oxenstierna</a>, samtidigt byggherre för <a href="/wiki/Tyres%C3%B6_slott" title="Tyresö slott">Tyresö slott</a>. På pappersbruket vid Uddby kvarn tillverkades skrivpapper, omslagspapper till artilleriets krutladdningar samt papper till Europas första sedlar, som var försedda med den särskilda vattenstämpeln ”BANCO”.<sup id="cite_ref-Uddby_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uddby-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Papperet framställdes ursprungligen av textil<a href="/wiki/Lump" title="Lump">lump</a>, och placeringen av pappersbruken bestämdes mycket av tillgången på <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A5vara" title="Råvara">råvaran</a>, liksom på krafttillgång. Fram till mitten av 1800-talet låg därför de flesta pappersbruken vid vattendrag i södra Sverige. Speciella <a href="/wiki/Lumpsamlare" title="Lumpsamlare">lumpsamlare</a> var anställda av pappersbruken för att samla in den viktiga råvaran. </p><p>År 1799 markerade fransmannen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Robert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Robert [inte skriven än]">Louis Roberts</a> uppfinning av den första primitiva pappersmaskinen starten på <a href="/wiki/Industrialisering" title="Industrialisering">industrialiseringen</a> av det tidigare hantverksmässigt utförda papperstillverkningen. </p><p>År 1831 fanns 91 pappersbruk i Sverige, samtliga fortfarande handpappersbruk. Året efter installerades landets första pappersmaskin vid <a href="/wiki/Klippans_bruk" title="Klippans bruk">Klippans pappersbruk</a>, inköpt från en specialverkstad i <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>. </p><p>I Sverige började industrin i slutet av 1850-talet att använda massa som tillverkats av <a href="/wiki/Massaved" title="Massaved">massaved</a> istället för den traditionella lumpen. Det gjordes möjligt genom den tyske vävaren <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Gottlob_Keller" title="Friedrich Gottlob Keller">Friedrich Gottlob Kellers</a> uppfinning av den så kallade <a href="/wiki/Papperets_historia#Råmaterial:_från_lump_och_växtfibrer_till_vedfibrer" title="Papperets historia">slipmetoden</a> för tillverkning av mekanisk trämassa. Det första <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A4sliperi" class="mw-redirect" title="Träsliperi">träsliperiet</a> i Sverige anlades 1857. Under 1870-talet kom nya processer för tillverkning av kemisk massa, vilket ledde till en kraftig kvalitetshöjning av slutprodukten. År 1886 fanns 35 svenska pappersbruk med sammanlagt 2 878 arbetare. 41 massafabriker försörjde dem vid samma tid med råvara. </p><p>Pappersbruken expanderade under 1900-talet, men <a href="/wiki/Industrikrisen_i_Sverige_under_1970-talet" title="Industrikrisen i Sverige under 1970-talet">industrikriserna under 1970- och 1980-talet</a> och förbättrade möjligheter till stordrift bidrog till en våg av nedläggningar. </p><p>Fördelningen mellan Sveriges 57 massa- och pappersbruk med integration och råvaruanvändning på bruksnivå såg år 2006 ut enligt följande: </p> <ul><li>Ointegrerade pappersbruk - 11 st (950 000 ton)</li> <li>Pappersbruk med returpappersanvändning - 8 st (620 000 ton)</li> <li>Pappersbruk integrerade med massatillverkning - 18 st (6 620 000 ton)</li> <li>Pappersbruk integrerade med massatillverkning och med returpappersanvändning - 7 st (4 150 000 ton)</li> <li>Massabruk för tillverkning av avsalumassa - 13 st (4 010 000 ton)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finland">Finland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Finland" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Finland"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>Huvudartikel: <a href="/wiki/Finl%C3%A4ndsk_massa-_och_pappersindustri" title="Finländsk massa- och pappersindustri">Finländsk massa- och pappersindustri</a></i></dd></dl> <p>Finland var tidigt i att bygga upp en industriell tillverkning av papper. Redan 1842 importerades den första pappersmaskinen för lumpbaserat papper från England av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frenckells_pappersfabrik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frenckells pappersfabrik [inte skriven än]">Frenckells pappersfabrik</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tammerfors" title="Tammerfors">Tammerfors</a>. </p><p>Som den träbaserade pappersindustrins fader i Finland räknas <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Idestam" title="Fredrik Idestam">Fredrik Idestam</a>. Han hade på hemresa från ingenjörsstudier i <a href="/wiki/Freiberg,_Sachsen" title="Freiberg, Sachsen">Freiberg</a> i <a href="/wiki/Sachsen" title="Sachsen">Sachsen</a> 1864 studerat verksamheten vid ett träsliperi i <a href="/wiki/Harz" title="Harz">Harzbergen</a> i Sachsen, som använt sig av pappersmaskiner som nyligen utvecklats av <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Gottlob_Keller" title="Friedrich Gottlob Keller">Friedrich Gottlob Keller</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Voelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Voelter [inte skriven än]">Heinrich Voelter</a>. Han fick koncession av tsaren 1865 och startade i början av 1866 ett träsliperi vid det nedre vattenfallet i Tammerforsen i <a href="/wiki/Tammerfors" title="Tammerfors">Tammerfors</a>. År 1868 flyttade han verksamheten till <a href="/wiki/Nokia_stad" title="Nokia stad">Nokia stad</a> och grundade där 1871 tillsammans med <a href="/wiki/Leo_Mechelin" title="Leo Mechelin">Leo Mechelin</a> <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia Ab</a> </p><p>Den finländska massa- och papperstillverkningen är världens tredje största och har ungefär samma omfattning i produktionskapacitet som den svenska och den japanska. Endast USA och Kanada tillverkar mer.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A4" title="Trä">Trä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massaved" title="Massaved">Massaved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfatprocessen" title="Sulfatprocessen">Sulfatprocessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulfitprocessen" title="Sulfitprocessen">Sulfitprocessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A4industri" class="mw-redirect" title="Träindustri">Träindustri</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noter">Noter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Noter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Uddby-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Uddby_1-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.is/20130703190754/http://www.tyreso.se/Se-och-gora/Upptack-Tyreso/Kulturhistoriska-miljoer/Uddby-kraftverk/">Tyresö kommun: Uddby kraftverk.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.skogssverige.se/vilka-lander-producerar-mest-timmer-pappersmassa-och-travirke">www.skogssverige.se baserat på statistik från </a><a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidare_läsning"><span id="Vidare_l.C3.A4sning"></span>Vidare läsning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Vidare läsning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Vidare läsning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFAmbrosianinnnn">Ambrosiani, Sune (nnnn). <i><span>Dokument rörande de äldre pappersbruken i Sverige</span></i>. Föreningen för svensk kulturhistoria. Böcker ; 1. Stockholm. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/11634782">11634782</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dokument+r%C3%B6rande+de+%C3%A4ldre+pappersbruken+i+Sverige&rft.aulast=Ambrosiani&rft.aufirst=Sune&rft.au=Ambrosiani%2C+Sune&rft.date=nnnn&rft.series=F%C3%B6reningen+f%C3%B6r+svensk+kulturhistoria.+B%C3%B6cker+%3B+1&rft.place=Stockholm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFArpi,_Gunnar1962">Arpi, Gunnar (1962). ”Massa och papper”. <i>Västernorrland : D. 1 ett sekel 1862-1962.</i> (1962): sid. 239-270 : ill..</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Massa+och+papper&rft.jtitle=V%C3%A4sternorrland+%3A+D.+1+ett+sekel+1862-1962.&rft.aulast=Arpi%2C+Gunnar&rft.au=Arpi%2C+Gunnar&rft.date=1962&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B239-270+%3A+ill.&rft.pub=1962&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/11810686">11810686</a></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFBosæus1945">Bosæus, Elis (1945). <i><span>Två brukspatroner Ekman och cellulosatekniken</span></i>. Industrihistorisk skriftserie, 0491-6697 ; 3. Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/410397">410397</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tv%C3%A5+brukspatroner+Ekman+och+cellulosatekniken&rft.aulast=Bos%C3%A6us&rft.aufirst=Elis&rft.au=Bos%C3%A6us%2C+Elis&rft.date=1945&rft.series=Industrihistorisk+skriftserie%2C+0491-6697+%3B+3&rft.place=Uppsala&rft.pub=Almqvist+%26+Wiksell&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFEjderbyHult,_Nils1976">Ejderby, Fritz; Hult, Nils (1976). <i><span>Papper och pappersmassa: en grundbok</span></i>. Markaryd: Sveriges skogsindustriförb. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/7633801">7633801</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91-7322-031-0" title="Special:Bokkällor/91-7322-031-0">ISBN 91-7322-031-0</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Papper+och+pappersmassa%3A+en+grundbok&rft.aulast=Ejderby&rft.aufirst=Fritz&rft.au=Ejderby%2C+Fritz&rft.au=Hult%2C+Nils&rft.date=1976&rft.place=Markaryd&rft.pub=Sveriges+skogsindustrif%C3%B6rb.&rft.isbn=91-7322-031-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFEkheimer2006">Ekheimer, Patrik (2006). <i><span>Tidningspapper av returpapper: den svenska massa- och pappersindustrins omvandling under senare delen av 1900-talet</span></i>. Göteborg: Chalmers tekniska högskola. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/10300940">10300940</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91-633-0067-2" title="Special:Bokkällor/91-633-0067-2">ISBN 91-633-0067-2</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tidningspapper+av+returpapper%3A+den+svenska+massa-+och+pappersindustrins+omvandling+under+senare+delen+av+1900-talet&rft.aulast=Ekheimer&rft.aufirst=Patrik&rft.au=Ekheimer%2C+Patrik&rft.date=2006&rft.place=G%C3%B6teborg&rft.pub=Chalmers+tekniska+h%C3%B6gskola&rft.isbn=91-633-0067-2&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFKassbergErlandsson,_Magdalena;_Gavelin,_Gunnar1998">Kassberg, Mats; Erlandsson, Magdalena; Gavelin, Gunnar (1998). <i><span>Massa och papper: en grundbok</span></i>. Markaryd: Skogsindustrins utbildning i Markaryd AB. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/7633933">7633933</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91-7322-233-X" title="Special:Bokkällor/91-7322-233-X">ISBN 91-7322-233-X</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Massa+och+papper%3A+en+grundbok&rft.aulast=Kassberg&rft.aufirst=Mats&rft.au=Kassberg%2C+Mats&rft.au=Erlandsson%2C+Magdalena%3B+Gavelin%2C+Gunnar&rft.date=1998&rft.place=Markaryd&rft.pub=Skogsindustrins+utbildning+i+Markaryd+AB&rft.isbn=91-7322-233-X&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFLundberg1921">Lundberg, Johan (1921). <i><span>Pappersmasseindustrien</span></i>. Natur och kultur, 99-0145096-9 ; 6. Stockholm. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/1436232">1436232</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pappersmasseindustrien&rft.aulast=Lundberg&rft.aufirst=Johan&rft.au=Lundberg%2C+Johan&rft.date=1921&rft.series=Natur+och+kultur%2C+99-0145096-9+%3B+6&rft.place=Stockholm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFRydberg1990">Rydberg, Sven (1990). <i><span>Papper i perspektiv: massa- och pappersindustri i Sverige under hundra år</span></i>. Historiska utskottets skriftserie, 0491-6697 ; 10. Stockholm: Skogsindustrierna. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/8376814">8376814</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91-7844-162-5" title="Special:Bokkällor/91-7844-162-5">ISBN 91-7844-162-5</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Papper+i+perspektiv%3A+massa-+och+pappersindustri+i+Sverige+under+hundra+%C3%A5r&rft.aulast=Rydberg&rft.aufirst=Sven&rft.au=Rydberg%2C+Sven&rft.date=1990&rft.series=Historiska+utskottets+skriftserie%2C+0491-6697+%3B+10&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=Skogsindustrierna&rft.isbn=91-7844-162-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFSjunnesson2006">Sjunnesson, Helene (2006). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3977">Papper av lump: studier av kontinuitet och förändring i nordisk pappersindustri från 1600-tal till 1900-tal</a></i>. Trita-HOT, 0348-4696 ; 2050. Stockholm: Kungl. Tekniska högskolan. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/10158004">10158004</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91-7178-358-X" title="Special:Bokkällor/91-7178-358-X">ISBN 91-7178-358-X</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3977">http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3977</a></span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Papper+av+lump%3A+studier+av+kontinuitet+och+f%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndring+i+nordisk+pappersindustri+fr%C3%A5n+1600-tal+till+1900-tal&rft.aulast=Sjunnesson&rft.aufirst=Helene&rft.au=Sjunnesson%2C+Helene&rft.date=2006&rft.series=Trita-HOT%2C+0348-4696+%3B+2050&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=Kungl.+Tekniska+h%C3%B6gskolan&rft.isbn=91-7178-358-X&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.kb.se%2Fresolve%3Furn%3Durn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Akth%3Adiva-3977&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"> <i><span>Skogsindustrins historia</span></i>. Stockholm: Skogsindustrierna. 1990. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/911590">911590</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Skogsindustrins+historia&rft.date=1990&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=Skogsindustrierna&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFSpade2015">Spade, Bengt (2015). ”Pappers- och massaindustrier”. <i><span>Industri i förändring : nedslag i svensk industrihistoria</span></i>. TNF-bok ; 172. Stockholm: Trafik-nostalgiska förlaget. sid. 130-159. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/17831430">17831430</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/9789186853655" title="Special:Bokkällor/9789186853655">ISBN 9789186853655</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Pappers-+och+massaindustrier&rft.atitle=Industri+i+f%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndring+%3A+nedslag+i+svensk+industrihistoria&rft.aulast=Spade&rft.aufirst=Bengt&rft.au=Spade%2C+Bengt&rft.date=2015&rft.series=TNF-bok+%3B+172&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B130-159&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=Trafik-nostalgiska+f%C3%B6rlaget&rft.isbn=9789186853655&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFStreyffert1942">Streyffert, Thorsten (1942). <i><span>Den norrländska träförädlingsindustrien</span></i>. Stockholm. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/10917324">10917324</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Den+norrl%C3%A4ndska+tr%C3%A4f%C3%B6r%C3%A4dlingsindustrien&rft.aulast=Streyffert&rft.aufirst=Thorsten&rft.au=Streyffert%2C+Thorsten&rft.date=1942&rft.place=Stockholm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/woodpulp">Sweden as producer of wood goods, pulp, paper, tar, and other forest products.</a></i>. Stockholm: Sv. teknologfören:s förlag. 1920. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/1659353">1659353</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://runeberg.org/woodpulp">https://runeberg.org/woodpulp</a></span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweden+as+producer+of+wood+goods%2C+pulp%2C+paper%2C+tar%2C+and+other+forest+products.&rft.date=1920&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=Sv.+teknologf%C3%B6ren%3As+f%C3%B6rlag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fruneberg.org%2Fwoodpulp&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book"> <i><span>Svenska pappersbruksföreningen 1923-1948: minnesskrift vid 50-årsjubileet</span></i>. Stockholm. 1948. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/8206821">8206821</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Svenska+pappersbruksf%C3%B6reningen+1923-1948%3A+minnesskrift+vid+50-%C3%A5rsjubileet&rft.date=1948&rft.place=Stockholm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Massa-_och_pappersindustri"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skogsindustrierna.org/">Skogsindustrierna</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paperprovince.com/">The Paper Province</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timbercommunity.com/">Timbercommunity</a> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&oldid=54244288">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Massa-_och_pappersindustri&oldid=54244288</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Industri" title="Kategori:Industri">Industri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Industrihistoria" title="Kategori:Industrihistoria">Industrihistoria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Tr%C3%A4industri" title="Kategori:Träindustri">Träindustri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pappersmassatillverkning" title="Kategori:Pappersmassatillverkning">Pappersmassatillverkning</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Papperstillverkning" title="Kategori:Papperstillverkning">Papperstillverkning</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Skogsbruk" title="Kategori:Skogsbruk">Skogsbruk</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 17 december 2023 kl. 00.21.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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