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Karpinski</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Pawel Karpinski"> <meta name="keywords" content="Pawel Karpinski"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Pawel Karpinski"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 39</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Pawel Karpinski</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Computational Fluid Dynamics Model of Various Types of Rocket Engine Nozzles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konrad%20Pietrykowski">Konrad Pietrykowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Bialy"> Michal Bialy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Karpinski"> Pawel Karpinski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radoslaw%20Maczka"> Radoslaw Maczka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nozzle is an element of the rocket engine in which the conversion of the potential energy of gases generated during combustion into the kinetic energy of the gas stream takes place. The design parameters of the nozzle have a decisive influence on the ballistic characteristics of the engine. Designing a nozzle assembly is, therefore, one of the most responsible stages in developing a rocket engine design. The paper presents the results of the simulation of three types of rocket propulsion nozzles. Calculations were made using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) in ANSYS Fluent software. The next types of nozzles differ in shape. The analysis was made of a conical nozzle, a bell type nozzle with a conical supersonic part and a bell type nozzle. Calculation results are presented in the form of pressure, velocity and kinetic energy distributions of turbulence in the longitudinal section. The courses of these values along the nozzles are also presented. The results show that the cone nozzle generates strong turbulence in the critical section. Which negatively affect the flow of the working medium. In the case of a bell nozzle, the transformation of the wall caused the elimination of flow disturbances in the critical section. This reduces the probability of waves forming before or after the trailing edge. The most sophisticated construction is the bell type nozzle. It allows you to maximize performance without adding extra weight. The bell type nozzle can be used as a starter and auxiliary engine nozzle due to its advantages. The project/research was financed in the framework of the project Lublin University of Technology-Regional Excellence Initiative, funded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (contract no. 030/RID/2018/19). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nozzle" title=" nozzle"> nozzle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rocket%20engine" title=" rocket engine"> rocket engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic%20flow" title=" supersonic flow"> supersonic flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106607/computational-fluid-dynamics-model-of-various-types-of-rocket-engine-nozzles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> The Charge Exchange and Mixture Formation Model in the ASz-62IR Radial Aircraft Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Magryta">Pawel Magryta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tytus%20Tulwin"> Tytus Tulwin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawe%C5%82%20Karpi%C5%84ski"> Paweł Karpiński</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ASz62IR engine is a radial aircraft engine with 9 cylinders. This object is produced by the Polish company WSK "PZL-KALISZ" S.A. This is engine is currently being developed by the above company and Lublin University of Technology. In order to provide an effective work of the technological development of this unit it was decided to made the simulation model. The model of ASz-62IR was developed with AVL BOOST software which is a tool dedicated to the one-dimensional modeling of internal combustion engines. This model can be used to calculate parameters of an air and fuel flow in an intake system including charging devices as well as combustion and exhaust flow to the environment. The main purpose of this model is the analysis of the charge exchange and mixture formation in this engine. For this purpose, the model consists of elements such: as air inlet, throttle system, compressor connector, charging compressor, inlet pipes and injectors, outlet pipes, fuel injection and model of fuel mixing and evaporation. The model of charge exchange and mixture formation was based on the model of mass flow rate in intake and exhaust pipes, and also on the calculation of gas properties values like gas constant or thermal capacity. This model was based on the equations to describe isentropic flow. The energy equation to describe flow under steady conditions was transformed into the mass flow equation. In the model the flow coefficient μσ was used, that varies with the stroke/valve opening and was determined in a steady flow state. The geometry of the inlet channels and other key components was mapped with reference to the technical documentation of the engine and empirical measurements of the structure elements. The volume of elements on the charge flow path between the air inlet and the exhaust outlet was measured by the CAD mapping of the structure. Taken from the technical documentation, the original characteristics of the compressor engine was entered into the model. Additionally, the model uses a general model for the transport of chemical compounds of the mixture. There are 7 compounds used, i.e. fuel, O2, N2, CO2, H2O, CO, H2. A gasoline fuel of a calorific value of 43.5 MJ/kg and an air mass fraction for stoichiometric mixture of 14.5 were used. Indirect injection into the intake manifold is used in this model. The model assumes the following simplifications: the mixture is homogenous at the beginning of combustion, accordingly, mixture stoichiometric coefficient A/F remains constant during combustion, combusted and non-combusted charges show identical pressures and temperatures although their compositions change. As a result of the simulation studies based on the model described above, the basic parameters of combustion process, charge exchange, mixture formation in cylinders were obtained. The AVL Boost software is very useful for the piston engine performance simulations. This work has been financed by the Polish National Centre for Research and Development, INNOLOT, under Grant Agreement No. INNOLOT/I/1/NCBR/2013. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aviation%20propulsion" title="aviation propulsion">aviation propulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AVL%20Boost" title=" AVL Boost"> AVL Boost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine%20model" title=" engine model"> engine model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20exchange" title=" charge exchange"> charge exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixture%20formation" title=" mixture formation"> mixture formation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50102/the-charge-exchange-and-mixture-formation-model-in-the-asz-62ir-radial-aircraft-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50102.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Designing an Exhaust Gas Energy Recovery Module Following Measurements Performed under Real Operating Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jerzy%20Merkisz">Jerzy Merkisz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Fuc"> Pawel Fuc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Lijewski"> Piotr Lijewski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Ziolkowski"> Andrzej Ziolkowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Czarkowski"> Pawel Czarkowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents preliminary results of the development of an automotive exhaust gas energy recovery module. The aim of the performed analyses was to select the geometry of the heat exchanger that would ensure the highest possible transfer of heat at minimum heat flow losses. The starting point for the analyses was a straight portion of a pipe, from which the exhaust system of the tested vehicle was made. The design of the heat exchanger had a cylindrical cross-section, was 300 mm long and was fitted with a diffuser and a confusor. The model works were performed for the mentioned geometry utilizing the finite volume method based on the Ansys CFX v12.1 and v14 software. This method consisted in dividing of the system into small control volumes for which the exhaust gas velocity and pressure calculations were performed using the Navier-Stockes equations. The heat exchange in the system was modeled based on the enthalpy balance. The temperature growth resulting from the acting viscosity was not taken into account. The heat transfer on the fluid/solid boundary in the wall layer with the turbulent flow was done based on an arbitrarily adopted dimensionless temperature. The boundary conditions adopted in the analyses included the convective condition of heat transfer on the outer surface of the heat exchanger and the mass flow and temperature of the exhaust gas at the inlet. The mass flow and temperature of the exhaust gas were assumed based on the measurements performed in actual traffic using portable PEMS analyzers. The research object was a passenger vehicle fitted with a 1.9 dm3 85 kW diesel engine. The tests were performed in city traffic conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20heat%20recovery" title="waste heat recovery">waste heat recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20simulation" title=" CFD simulation"> CFD simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pems" title=" pems"> pems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31045/designing-an-exhaust-gas-energy-recovery-module-following-measurements-performed-under-real-operating-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">574</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Simulation Research of Innovative Ignition System of ASz62IR Radial Aircraft Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miroslaw%20Wendeker">Miroslaw Wendeker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Kacejko"> Piotr Kacejko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariusz%20Duk"> Mariusz Duk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Karpinski"> Pawel Karpinski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research in the field of aircraft internal combustion engines is currently driven by the needs of decreasing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, while fulfilling the level of safety. Currently, reciprocating aircraft engines are found in sports, emergency, agricultural and recreation aviation. Technically, they are most at a pre-war knowledge of the theory of operation, design and manufacturing technology, especially if compared to that high level of development of automotive engines. Typically, these engines are driven by carburetors of a quite primitive construction. At present, due to environmental requirements and dealing with a climate change, it is beneficial to develop aircraft piston engines and adopt the achievements of automotive engineering such as computer-controlled low-pressure injection, electronic ignition control and biofuels. The paper describes simulation research of the innovative power and control systems for the aircraft radial engine of high power. Installing an electronic ignition system in the radial aircraft engine is a fundamental innovative idea of this solution. Consequently, the required level of safety and better functionality as compared to the today’s plug system can be guaranteed. In this framework, this research work focuses on describing a methodology for optimizing the electronically controlled ignition system. This attempt can reduce emissions of toxic compounds as a result of lowered fuel consumption, optimized combustion and engine capability of efficient combustion of ecological fuels. New, redundant elements of the control system can improve the safety of aircraft. Consequently, the required level of safety and better functionality as compared to the today’s plug system can be guaranteed. The simulation research aimed to determine the vulnerability of the values measured (they were planned as the quantities measured by the measurement systems) to determining the optimal ignition angle (the angle of maximum torque at a given operating point). The described results covered: a) research in steady states; b) velocity ranging from 1500 to 2200 rpm (every 100 rpm); c) loading ranging from propeller power to maximum power; d) altitude ranging according to the International Standard Atmosphere from 0 to 8000 m (every 1000 m); e) fuel: automotive gasoline ES95. The three models of different types of ignition coil (different energy discharge) were studied. The analysis aimed at the optimization of the design of the innovative ignition system for an aircraft engine. The optimization involved: a) the optimization of the measurement systems; b) the optimization of actuator systems. The studies enabled the research on the vulnerability of the signals to the control of the ignition timing. Accordingly, the number and type of sensors were determined for the ignition system to achieve its optimal performance. The results confirmed the limited benefits, in terms of fuel consumption. Thus, including spark management in the optimization is mandatory to significantly decrease the fuel consumption. This work has been financed by the Polish National Centre for Research and Development, INNOLOT, under Grant Agreement No. INNOLOT/I/1/NCBR/2013. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piston%20engine" title="piston engine">piston engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20engine" title=" radial engine"> radial engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ignition%20system" title=" ignition system"> ignition system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20model" title=" CFD model"> CFD model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engine%20optimization" title=" engine optimization"> engine optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50112/simulation-research-of-innovative-ignition-system-of-asz62ir-radial-aircraft-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Numerical Simulations for Nitrogen Flow in Piezoelectric Valve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Flaszynski">Pawel Flaszynski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Doerffer"> Piotr Doerffer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Holnicki-Szulc"> Jan Holnicki-Szulc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grzegorz%20Mikulowski"> Grzegorz Mikulowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Results of numerical simulations for transonic flow in a piezoelectric valve are presented. The valve is the main part of an adaptive pneumatic shock absorber. Flow structure in the valve domain and the influence of the flow non-uniformity in the valve on a mass flow rate is investigated. Numerical simulation results are compared with experimental data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneumatic%20valve" title="pneumatic valve">pneumatic valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transonic%20flow" title=" transonic flow"> transonic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulations" title=" numerical simulations"> numerical simulations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoelectric%20valve" title=" piezoelectric valve"> piezoelectric valve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29877/numerical-simulations-for-nitrogen-flow-in-piezoelectric-valve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Innovative Power Engineering in a Selected Rural Commune</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Sowa">Pawel Sowa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joachim%20Bargiel"> Joachim Bargiel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents modern solutions of distributed generation in rural communities aiming at the improvement of energy and environmental security, as well as power supply reliability to important customers (e.g. health care, sensitive consumer required continuity). Distributed sources are mainly gas and biogas cogeneration units, as well as wind and photovoltaic sources. Some examples of their applications in a selected Silesian community are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20security" title="energy security">energy security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mini%20energy%20centres" title=" mini energy centres "> mini energy centres </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20engineering" title=" power engineering"> power engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20supply%20reliability" title=" power supply reliability"> power supply reliability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51730/innovative-power-engineering-in-a-selected-rural-commune" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Information System for Early Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnostics Based on Multiscale Texture Gradient Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20S.%20Godlevsky">L. S. Godlevsky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20V.%20Kresyun"> N. V. Kresyun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20P.%20Martsenyuk"> V. P. Martsenyuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20Shakun"> K. S. Shakun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20V.%20Tatarchuk"> T. V. Tatarchuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20O.%20Prybolovets"> K. O. Prybolovets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20F.%20Kalinichenko"> L. F. Kalinichenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Karpinski"> M. Karpinski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Gancarczyk"> T. Gancarczyk </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Structures of eye bottom were extracted using multiscale texture gradient method and color characteristics of macular zone and vessels were verified in CIELAB scale. The difference of average values of L*, a* and b* coordinates of CIE (International Commision of Illumination) scale in patients with diabetes and healthy volunteers was compared. The average value of L* in diabetic patients exceeded such one in the group of practically healthy persons by 2.71 times (<em>P</em> < 0.05), while the value of a* index was reduced by 3.8 times when compared with control one (<em>P</em> < 0.05). b* index exceeded such one in the control group by 12.4 times (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The integrated index on color difference (Δ<em>E</em>) exceeded control value by 2.87 times (<em>P</em> < 0.05). More pronounced differences with Δ<em>E</em> were followed by a shorter period of MA appearance with a correlation level at -0.56 (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The specificity of diagnostics raised by 2.17 times (<em>P</em> < 0.05) and negative prognostic index exceeded such one determined with the expert method by 2.26 times (<em>P</em> < 0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20retinopathy" title="diabetic retinopathy">diabetic retinopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiscale%20texture%20gradient" title=" multiscale texture gradient"> multiscale texture gradient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20spectrum%20analysis" title=" color spectrum analysis"> color spectrum analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20diagnostics" title=" medical diagnostics"> medical diagnostics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116592/information-system-for-early-diabetic-retinopathy-diagnostics-based-on-multiscale-texture-gradient-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116592.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Leading People in a Digital Era: A Theoretical Study of Challenges and Opportunities of Online Networking Platforms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Korzynski">Pawel Korzynski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Times where leaders communicate mainly while walking along the hallways have passed away. Currently, millennials, people that were born between the early 1980s and the early 2000s, extensively use applications based on Web 2.0 model that assumes content creation and edition by all Internet users in a collaborative fashion. Leaders who are willing to engage their subordinates in a digital era, increasingly often use above-mentioned applications. This paper discusses challenges and opportunities that are related to leaders’ online networking. First, online networking-related terms that appeared in literature are analyzed. Then, types of online networking platforms for leaders and ways how these platforms can be used are discussed. Finally, several trends in online networking studies and extrapolation of some findings to leadership are explained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title="social media">social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20era" title=" digital era"> digital era</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20networking" title=" online networking"> online networking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52541/leading-people-in-a-digital-era-a-theoretical-study-of-challenges-and-opportunities-of-online-networking-platforms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52541.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Genomic Imprinting as a Possible Epigenetic Cause of Esophageal Atresia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20B%C5%82och">M. Błoch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Karpi%C5%84ski"> P. Karpiński</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Gasperowicz"> P. Gasperowicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20P%C5%82oski"> R. Płoski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Lebioda"> A. Lebioda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Skiba"> P. Skiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rozensztrauch"> A. Rozensztrauch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Patkowski"> D. Patkowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20%C5%9Amigiel"> R. Śmigiel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The cause of the isolated form of esophageal atresia has been yet unknown. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to indicate epigenetic factors which may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of esophageal atresia. Methods: We recruited a group of 6 pairs of twins, among whom one of the twins developed EA. The selection of such a group for testing allows for excluding external factors (e.g., infections, drugs, toxins) as the cause of the birth defect. The analyzes were performed with the use of genetic material isolated from the whole blood and esophagus tissue of a patient with EA. The reduced representation bisulphite sequencing (RRBS) technique was used to study the change in the genomic imprinting -a change in the expression of genes, which may be the epigenetic cause of EA. Results: In the course of the analyzes, significant hypomethylation and hypermethylation regions were identified. 65 genes with probably increased expression and 65 with decreased expression were selected. These genes have not been marked in literature as possibly pathogenic in esophageal atresia. However, their participation in the pathogenesis of esophageal atresia cannot be clearly excluded. Conclusion: We suggest a role of hypomethylation or hypermethylation of selected genes as one of the possible epigenetic factors in EA pathogenesis. The use of the RRBS technique in the search for the cause of EA is pioneer research; therefore, it seems necessary to extend the research group to new patients with EA. Acknowledgment: The work was supported by the National Science Centre, Poland, under research project 2016/21/N/NZ5/01927. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esophageal%20atresia" title="esophageal atresia">esophageal atresia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epigenetics" title=" epigenetics"> epigenetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embryonic%20development" title=" embryonic development"> embryonic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgery" title=" surgery"> surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genes%20expression" title=" genes expression"> genes expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twins" title=" twins"> twins</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159473/genomic-imprinting-as-a-possible-epigenetic-cause-of-esophageal-atresia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Assessment of Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption from Means of Transport in Agriculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jerzy%20Merkisz">Jerzy Merkisz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Lijewski"> Piotr Lijewski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Fuc"> Pawel Fuc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maciej%20Siedlecki"> Maciej Siedlecki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Ziolkowski"> Andrzej Ziolkowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylwester%20Weymann"> Sylwester Weymann</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper discusses the problem of load transport using farm tractors and road tractor units. This type of carriage of goods is often done with farm vehicles. The tests were performed with the PEMS equipment (Portable Emission Measurement System) under actual traffic conditions. The vehicles carried a load of 20000 kg. This research method is one of the most desired because it provides reliable information on the actual vehicle emissions and fuel consumption (carbon balance method). For the tests, a route was selected that simulated a trip from a small town to a food-processing facility located in a city. The analysis of the obtained results gave a clear answer as to what vehicles need to be used for the carriage of this type of cargo in terms of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission" title="emission">emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport" title=" transport"> transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuel%20consumption" title=" fuel consumption"> fuel consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEMS" title=" PEMS"> PEMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30883/assessment-of-exhaust-emissions-and-fuel-consumption-from-means-of-transport-in-agriculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">530</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Using Machine Learning to Monitor the Condition of the Cutting Edge during Milling Hardened Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Twardowski">Pawel Twardowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maciej%20Tabaszewski"> Maciej Tabaszewski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Czy%C5%BCycki"> Jakub Czyżycki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main goal of the work was to use machine learning to predict cutting-edge wear. The research was carried out while milling hardened steel with sintered carbide cutters at various cutting speeds. During the tests, cutting-edge wear was measured, and vibration acceleration signals were also measured. Appropriate measures were determined from the vibration signals and served as input data in the machine-learning process. Two approaches were used in this work. The first one involved a two-state classification of the cutting edge - suitable and unfit for further work. In the second approach, prediction of the cutting-edge state based on vibration signals was used. The obtained research results show that the appropriate use of machine learning algorithms gives excellent results related to monitoring cutting edge during the process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milling%20of%20hardened%20steel" title="milling of hardened steel">milling of hardened steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%20wear" title=" tool wear"> tool wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibrations" title=" vibrations"> vibrations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185240/using-machine-learning-to-monitor-the-condition-of-the-cutting-edge-during-milling-hardened-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185240.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Application of Terminal Sliding Mode Control to the Stabilization of the Indoor Temperature in Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Skruch">Pawel Skruch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marek%20Dlugosz"> Marek Dlugosz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper starts with a general model of the temperature dynamics in buildings. The modelling approach relies on thermodynamics, in particular heat transfer, principles. The model considers heat loses by conduction and ventilation and internal heat gains. The parameters of the model can be determined uniquely from the geometry of the building and from thermal properties of construction materials. The model is presented using state space notation and this form is used in the control design procedure. A sliding surface is defined by the system output and the desired trajectory. The control law is designed to force the trajectory of the system from any initial condition to the sliding surface in finite time. The trajectory of the system after reaching the sliding surface remains on it. A simulation example is included to verify the approach and to demonstrate the achievable performance improvement by the proposed solution in the temperature control in buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title="modelling">modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building" title=" building"> building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20dynamics" title=" temperature dynamics"> temperature dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding-mode%20control" title=" sliding-mode control"> sliding-mode control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20surface" title=" sliding surface"> sliding surface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7032/application-of-terminal-sliding-mode-control-to-the-stabilization-of-the-indoor-temperature-in-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7032.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">549</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Technical and Economic Environment in the Polish Power System as the Basis for Distributed Generation and Renewable Energy Sources Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Sowa">Pawel Sowa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joachim%20Bargiel"> Joachim Bargiel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bogdan%20Mol"> Bogdan Mol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Luszcz"> Katarzyna Luszcz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article raises the issue of the development of local renewable energy sources and the production of distributed energy in context of improving the reliability of the Polish Power System and the beneficial impact on local and national energy security. The paper refers to the current problems of local governments in the process of investment in the area of distributed energy projects, and discusses the issues of the future role and cooperation within the local power plants and distributed energy. Attention is paid to the local communities the chance to raise their own resources and management of energy fuels (biomass, wind, gas mining) and improving the local energy balance. The material presented takes the issue of the development of the energy potential of municipalities and future cooperation with professional energy. As an example, practical solutions used in one of the communes in Silesia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20generation" title="distributed generation">distributed generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mini%20centers%20energy" title=" mini centers energy"> mini centers energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy%20sources" title=" renewable energy sources"> renewable energy sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20of%20supply%20of%20rural%20commune" title=" reliability of supply of rural commune "> reliability of supply of rural commune </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24234/technical-and-economic-environment-in-the-polish-power-system-as-the-basis-for-distributed-generation-and-renewable-energy-sources-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">600</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Permanent Magnet Generator – One Phase Regime Operation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Pistelok">Pawel Pistelok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article presents the concept of an electromagnetic circuit of a 3-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet generator designed for a single phase operation. A cross section of electromagnetic circuit and a field-circuit model of generator used for computations are shown. The paper presents comparative analysis of simulation results obtained for two different versions of generator regarding construction of armature winding. In the first version of generator the voltages generated in each of three winding phases have different rms values (different number of turns in each of phases), three winding phases are connected in series and one phase load is connected to the two output terminals of generator. The second version of generator is very similar, i.e. three winding phases are connected in series and one phase load is powered by generator, but in this version the voltages generated in each of winding phases have exactly the same rms values (the same number of turns in each of phases). The time waveforms of voltages, currents and electromagnetic torques in the airgaps of two machine versions for rated power are shown. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20magnet%20generator" title="permanent magnet generator">permanent magnet generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20magnets" title=" permanent magnets"> permanent magnets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronous%20generator" title=" synchronous generator"> synchronous generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration" title=" vibration"> vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=course%20of%20torque" title=" course of torque"> course of torque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20phase%20work" title=" single phase work"> single phase work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unsymmetrical%20operation%20point" title=" unsymmetrical operation point"> unsymmetrical operation point</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serial%20connection%20of%20winding%20phase" title=" serial connection of winding phase"> serial connection of winding phase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29809/permanent-magnet-generator-one-phase-regime-operation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">695</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Portfolio Selection with Active Risk Monitoring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marc%20S.%20Paolella">Marc S. Paolella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Polak"> Pawel Polak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper proposes a framework for large-scale portfolio optimization which accounts for all the major stylized facts of multivariate financial returns, including volatility clustering, dynamics in the dependency structure, asymmetry, heavy tails, and non-ellipticity. It introduces a so-called risk fear portfolio strategy which combines portfolio optimization with active risk monitoring. The former selects optimal portfolio weights. The latter, independently, initiates market exit in case of excessive risks. The strategy agrees with the stylized fact of stock market major sell-offs during the initial stage of market downturns. The advantages of the new framework are illustrated with an extensive empirical study. It leads to superior multivariate density and Value-at-Risk forecasting, and better portfolio performance. The proposed risk fear portfolio strategy outperforms various competing types of optimal portfolios, even in the presence of conservative transaction costs and frequent rebalancing. The risk monitoring of the optimal portfolio can serve as an early warning system against large market risks. In particular, the new strategy avoids all the losses during the 2008 financial crisis, and it profits from the subsequent market recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort" title="comfort">comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crises" title=" financial crises"> financial crises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portfolio%20optimization" title=" portfolio optimization"> portfolio optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20monitoring" title=" risk monitoring"> risk monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28504/portfolio-selection-with-active-risk-monitoring" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">525</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Surface Roughness Formed during Hybrid Turning of Inconel Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Twardowski">Pawel Twardowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadeusz%20Chwalczuk"> Tadeusz Chwalczuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szymon%20Wojciechowski"> Szymon Wojciechowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inconel 718 is a material characterized by the unique mechanical properties, high temperature strength, high thermal conductivity and the corrosion resistance. However, these features affect the low machinability of this material, which is usually manifested by the intense tool wear and low surface finish. Therefore, this paper is focused on the evaluation of surface roughness during hybrid machining of Inconel 718. The primary aim of the study was to determine the relations between the vibrations generated during hybrid turning and the formed surface roughness. Moreover, the comparison of tested machining techniques in terms of vibrations, tool wear and surface roughness has been made. The conducted tests included the face turning of Inconel 718 with laser assistance in the range of variable cutting speeds. The surface roughness was inspected with the application of stylus profile meter and accelerations of vibrations were measured with the use of three-component piezoelectric accelerometer. The carried out research shows that application of laser assisted machining can contribute to the reduction of surface roughness and cutting vibrations, in comparison to conventional turning. Moreover, the obtained results enable the selection of effective cutting speed allowing the improvement of surface finish and cutting dynamics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20machining" title="hybrid machining">hybrid machining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel%20alloys" title=" nickel alloys"> nickel alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20roughness" title=" surface roughness"> surface roughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turning" title=" turning"> turning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibrations" title=" vibrations"> vibrations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72095/surface-roughness-formed-during-hybrid-turning-of-inconel-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Microstructure of Ti – AlN Composite Produced by Selective Laser Melting </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaroslaw%20Mizera">Jaroslaw Mizera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Wisniewski"> Pawel Wisniewski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryszard%20Sitek"> Ryszard Sitek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is an advanced additive manufacturing technique used for producing parts made of wide range of materials such as: austenitic steel, titanium, nickel etc. In the our experiment we produced a Ti-AlN composite from a mixture of titanium and aluminum nitride respectively 70% at. and 30% at. using SLM technique. In order to define the size of powder particles, laser diffraction tests were performed on HORIBA LA-950 device. The microstructure and chemical composition of the composite was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The chemical composition in micro areas of the obtained samples was determined by of EDS. The phase composition was analyzed by X-ray phase analysis (XRD). Microhardness Vickers tests were performed using Zwick/Roell microhardness machine under the load of 0.2kG (HV0.2). Hardness measurements were made along the building (xy) and along the plane of the lateral side of the cuboid (xz). The powder used for manufacturing of the samples had a mean particle size of 41μm. It was homogenous with a spherical shape. The specimens were built chiefly from Ti, TiN and AlN. The dendritic microstructure was porous and fine-grained. Some of the aluminum nitride remained unmelted but no porosity was observed in the interface. The formed material was characterized by high hardness exceeding 700 HV0.2 over the entire cross-section. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selective%20Laser%20Melting" title="Selective Laser Melting">Selective Laser Melting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Composite" title=" Composite"> Composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title=" microhardness"> microhardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122336/microstructure-of-ti-aln-composite-produced-by-selective-laser-melting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Validation Study of Radial Aircraft Engine Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Grabowski">Lukasz Grabowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tytus%20Tulwin"> Tytus Tulwin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Geca"> Michal Geca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Karpinski"> P. Karpinski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the radial aircraft engine model which has been created in AVL Boost software. This model is a one-dimensional physical model of the engine, which enables us to investigate the impact of an ignition system design on engine performance (power, torque, fuel consumption). In addition, this model allows research under variable environmental conditions to reflect varied flight conditions (altitude, humidity, cruising speed). Before the simulation research the identifying parameters and validating of model were studied. In order to verify the feasibility to take off power of gasoline radial aircraft engine model, some validation study was carried out. The first stage of the identification was completed with reference to the technical documentation provided by manufacturer of engine and the experiments on the test stand of the real engine. The second stage involved a comparison of simulation results with the results of the engine stand tests performed on a WSK ’PZL-Kalisz’. The engine was loaded by a propeller in a special test bench. Identifying the model parameters referred to a comparison of the test results to the simulation in terms of: pressure behind the throttles, pressure in the inlet pipe, and time course for pressure in the first inlet pipe, power, and specific fuel consumption. Accordingly, the required coefficients and error of simulation calculation relative to the real-object experiments were determined. Obtained the time course for pressure and its value is compatible with the experimental results. Additionally the engine power and specific fuel consumption tends to be significantly compatible with the bench tests. The mapping error does not exceed 1.5%, which verifies positively the model of combustion and allows us to predict engine performance if the process of combustion will be modified. The next conducted tests verified completely model. The maximum mapping error for the pressure behind the throttles and the inlet pipe pressure is 4 %, which proves the model of the inlet duct in the engine with the charging compressor to be correct. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1D-model" title="1D-model">1D-model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aircraft%20engine" title=" aircraft engine"> aircraft engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50036/validation-study-of-radial-aircraft-engine-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Improved Postprandial Response and Feeling of Satiety After Consumption of Sour Cherry Pomace Enriched Muffins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanna%20Bajerska">Joanna Bajerska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylwia%20Mildner-Szkudlarz"> Sylwia Mildner-Szkudlarz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20G%C3%B3rnas"> Pawel Górnas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalija%20Segli%C5%86ac"> Dalija Segliņac</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sour cherry pomace (CP) by-products obtained during fruit processing, was used to replace the wheat flour in muffin formula on the levels 20% (CP20) and 30% (CP30). The sensory profile of this muffins were characterized, and their impact on glycemic response and appetite sensation were studied. Randomized crossover study where test subjects were given either plain muffin (PM) or CP20 or CP30 during 2 different occasions. In the first study test muffins with equivalent of 50 g available carbohydrate were consumed. Blood glucose was measured before and up to 120 min after consuming the test muffins. To study satiety response in the second trial of the test muffins (portion 1700 kJ per serve) were ingested. Sensory analysis was performed earlier by a sensory panel consisting of 10 well-trained individuals. It is acceptable to incorporate CP into a muffin formula at concentrations up to 30%. With the CP muffins treatment, the glucose responses were significantly lower at 30, 45 and 60 min of the intervals also the incremental peak glucose was 0.40 mmol/L and 0.60 mmol/L lower than for PM. CP20 and CP30 also improved satiety as compared to PM. CP can be a good functional ingredient of functional bakery products to assist in managing glucose levels and satiety in healthy individuals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muffins" title="muffins">muffins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postprandial%20glucose" title=" postprandial glucose"> postprandial glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20analysis" title=" sensory analysis"> sensory analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satiety%20sour%20cherry%20pomace" title=" satiety sour cherry pomace"> satiety sour cherry pomace</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28402/improved-postprandial-response-and-feeling-of-satiety-after-consumption-of-sour-cherry-pomace-enriched-muffins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> An Approach for Vocal Register Recognition Based on Spectral Analysis of Singing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandra%20Zysk">Aleksandra Zysk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Badura"> Pawel Badura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recognizing and controlling vocal registers during singing is a difficult task for beginner vocalist. It requires among others identifying which part of natural resonators is being used when a sound propagates through the body. Thus, an application has been designed allowing for sound recording, automatic vocal register recognition (VRR), and a graphical user interface providing real-time visualization of the signal and recognition results. Six spectral features are determined for each time frame and passed to the support vector machine classifier yielding a binary decision on the head or chest register assignment of the segment. The classification training and testing data have been recorded by ten professional female singers (soprano, aged 19-29) performing sounds for both chest and head register. The classification accuracy exceeded 93% in each of various validation schemes. Apart from a hard two-class clustering, the support vector classifier returns also information on the distance between particular feature vector and the discrimination hyperplane in a feature space. Such an information reflects the level of certainty of the vocal register classification in a fuzzy way. Thus, the designed recognition and training application is able to assess and visualize the continuous trend in singing in a user-friendly graphical mode providing an easy way to control the vocal emission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title="classification">classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singing" title=" singing"> singing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20analysis" title=" spectral analysis"> spectral analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocal%20emission" title=" vocal emission"> vocal emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocal%20register" title=" vocal register"> vocal register</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65464/an-approach-for-vocal-register-recognition-based-on-spectral-analysis-of-singing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Verification of the Necessity of Maintenance Anesthesia with Isoflurane after Induction with Tiletamine-Zolazepam in Dogs Using the Dixon's up-and-down Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Lachowska">Sonia Lachowska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agnieszka%20Antonczyk"> Agnieszka Antonczyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanna%20Tunikowska"> Joanna Tunikowska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Kucharski"> Pawel Kucharski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bartlomiej%20Liszka"> Bartlomiej Liszka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Isoflurane is one of the most commonly used anaesthetic gases in veterinary medicine. Due to its numerous side effects, intravenous anaesthesia is more often used. The combination of tiletamine with zolazepam has proved to be a safe and pharmacologically beneficial combination. Analgesic effect, fast induction time, effective myorelaxation, and smooth recovery are the main advantages of this combination of drugs. In the following study, the authors verified the necessity of isoflurane to maintain anaesthesia in dogs after the use of tiletamine-zolazepam for induction. 12 dogs were selected to the group with the inclusion criteria: ASA (American Society of Anaesthesiology) I or II. Each dog received premedication intramuscularly with medetomidine-butorfanol (10 μg/kg, 0,1 mg/kg respectively). 15 minutes from premedication, preoxygenation lasting 5 minutes was started. Anaesthesia was induced with tiletamine-zolazepam at the dose of 5 mg/kg. Then the dogs were intubated and anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane. Initially, MAC (Minimum Alveolar Concentration) was set to 0.7 vol.%. After 15 minutes equilibration, MAC was determined using Dixon’s up-and-down method. Painful stimulation including compressions of paw pad, phalange, groin area, and clamping Backhaus on skin. Hemodynamic and ventilation parameters were measured and noted in 2 minutes intervals. In this method, the positive or negative response to the noxious stimulus is estimated and then used to determine the concentration of isoflurane for next patient. The response is only assessed once in each patient. The results show that isoflurane is not necessary to maintain anaesthesia after tiletamine-zolazepam induction. This is clinically important because the side effects resulting from using isoflurane are eliminated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaesthesia" title="anaesthesia">anaesthesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dog" title=" dog"> dog</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isoflurane" title=" Isoflurane"> Isoflurane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=The%20Dixon%27s%20up-and-down%20method" title=" The Dixon's up-and-down method"> The Dixon's up-and-down method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tiletamine" title=" Tiletamine"> Tiletamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zolazepam" title=" Zolazepam"> Zolazepam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137036/verification-of-the-necessity-of-maintenance-anesthesia-with-isoflurane-after-induction-with-tiletamine-zolazepam-in-dogs-using-the-dixons-up-and-down-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> A Survey of the Sleep-Disturbed Bedroom Environmental Factors and the Occupants Bedroom Windows or Door Opening Behaviors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chenxi%20Liao">Chenxi Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mizuho%20Akimoto"> Mizuho Akimoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariya%20Bivolarova"> Mariya Bivolarova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sekhar%20Chandra"> Sekhar Chandra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaojun%20Fan"> Xiaojun Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Lan"> Li Lan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelle%20Laverge"> Jelle Laverge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Wargocki"> Pawel Wargocki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The bedroom environment plays an important role in maintaining good sleep quality, which is vital for humans health and next-day performance. A survey of the sleep-disturbed bedroom environmental factors and the occupants’ bedroom windows (BW) or bedroom door (BD) opening behaviors was launched in the capital region of Denmark in 2020 by an online questionnaire. People were asked if they were disturbed by too warm temperature, too cool temperature, noise, or stuffy air during sleep. Also, they reported their BW or the BD opening behaviors in the morning, afternoon, evening, and during sleep. A total of 512 responses were received. Too warm temperature was reported the most among the four sleep-disturbed factors, following too cool temperature, noise, and stuffy air. Whether or not opening BW or the BD was commonly used to improve or change the bedroom environment. The respondents who were disturbed by too warm temperature during sleep opened BW for a longer time in the morning compared to those who were never disturbed by it (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01-1.62). Those who were disturbed by too cool temperatures tended to open BW less frequently in the morning (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.97-1.57). They preferred keeping BW open in the whole day if they realized stuffy air disturbing their sleep, although only a few of them still opened BW during sleep. Those who were disturbed by too cool temperature (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63-0.92) and noise (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66-0.96) were more likely to sleep with the BD open in a lesser frequency. Opening BW, increasing ventilation rates, could relieve disturbing by stuffy air during sleep, but induced other sleep-disturbed factors such as too cool in winter and noise. Also, opening BW only when people were not sleep was not sufficient to exempt disturbing by stuffy air during sleep. Using mechanical ventilation in bedrooms is necessary to ensure good air quality and meanwhile to avoid thermal discomfort and noise during sleep. Future studies are required to figure out the required flow rate of fresh air of mechanical ventilation during sleep. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bedroom%20environmental" title="bedroom environmental">bedroom environmental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survey" title=" survey"> survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupants%20behaviors" title=" occupants behaviors"> occupants behaviors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=windows" title=" windows"> windows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=door" title=" door"> door</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129305/a-survey-of-the-sleep-disturbed-bedroom-environmental-factors-and-the-occupants-bedroom-windows-or-door-opening-behaviors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Impact of Ventilation Systems on Indoor Air Quality in Swedish Primary School Classrooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarka%20Langer">Sarka Langer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Despoina%20Teli"> Despoina Teli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blanka%20Cabovska"> Blanka Cabovska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan-Olof%20Dalenb%C3%A4ck"> Jan-Olof Dalenbäck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lars%20Ekberg"> Lars Ekberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Bek%C3%B6"> Gabriel Bekö</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Wargocki"> Pawel Wargocki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Giraldo%20Vasquez"> Natalia Giraldo Vasquez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of various ventilation systems on indoor climate, air pollution, chemistry, and perception. Measurements of thermal environment and indoor air quality were performed in 45 primary school classrooms in Gothenburg, Sweden. The classrooms were grouped into three categories according to their ventilation system: category A) natural or exhaust ventilation or automated window opening; category B) balanced mechanical ventilation systems with constant air volume (CAV); and category C) balanced mechanical ventilation systems with variable air volume (VAV). A questionnaire survey about indoor air quality, perception of temperature, odour, noise and light, and sensation of well-being, alertness focus, etc., was distributed among the 10-12 years old children attending the classrooms. The results (medians) showed statistically significant differences between ventilation category A and categories B and C, but not between categories B and C in air change rates, median concentrations of carbon dioxide, individual volatile organic compounds formaldehyde and isoprene, in-door-to-outdoor ozone ratios and products of ozonolysis of squalene, a constituent of human skin oils, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and decanal. Median ozone concentration, ozone loss -a difference between outdoor and indoor ozone concentrations- were different only between categories A and C. Median concentration of total VOCs and a perception index based on survey responses on perceptions and sensations indoors were not significantly different. In conclusion, ventilation systems have an impact on air change rates, indoor air quality, and chemistry, but the Swedish primary school children’s perception did not differ with the ventilation systems of the classrooms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20air%20pollutants" title="indoor air pollutants">indoor air pollutants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20climate" title=" indoor climate"> indoor climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20chemistry" title=" indoor chemistry"> indoor chemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20change%20rate" title=" air change rate"> air change rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177851/impact-of-ventilation-systems-on-indoor-air-quality-in-swedish-primary-school-classrooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Magnetic Nanoparticles Coated with Modified Polysaccharides for the Immobilization of Glycoproteins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kinga%20Mylkie">Kinga Mylkie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Nowak"> Pawel Nowak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marta%20Z.%20Borowska"> Marta Z. Borowska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most important proteins in human serum responsible for drug binding are human serum albumin (HSA) and α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP). The AGP molecule is a glycoconjugate containing a single polypeptide chain composed of 183 amino acids (the core of the protein), and five glycan branched chains (sugar part) covalently linked by an N-glycosidic bond with aspartyl residues (Asp(N) -15, -38, -54, -75, - 85) of polypeptide chain. This protein plays an important role in binding alkaline drugs, a large group of drugs used in psychiatry, some acid drugs (e.g., coumarin anticoagulants), and neutral drugs (steroid hormones). The main goal of the research was to obtain magnetic nanoparticles coated with biopolymers in a chemically modified form, which will have highly reactive functional groups able to effectively immobilize the glycoprotein (acid α1-glycoprotein) without losing the ability to bind active substances. The first phase of the project involved the chemical modification of biopolymer starch. Modification of starch was carried out by methods of organic synthesis, leading to the preparation of a polymer enriched on its surface with aldehyde groups, which in the next step was coupled with 3-aminophenylboronic acid. Magnetite nanoparticles coated with starch were prepared by in situ co-precipitation and then oxidized with a 1 M sodium periodate solution to form a dialdehyde starch coating. Afterward, the reaction between the magnetite nanoparticles coated with dialdehyde starch and 3-aminophenylboronic acid was carried out. The obtained materials consist of a magnetite core surrounded by a layer of modified polymer, which contains on its surface dihydroxyboryl groups of boronic acids which are capable of binding glycoproteins. Magnetic nanoparticles obtained as carriers for plasma protein immobilization were fully characterized by ATR-FTIR, TEM, SEM, and DLS. The glycoprotein was immobilized on the obtained nanoparticles. The amount of mobilized protein was determined by the Bradford method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycoproteins" title="glycoproteins">glycoproteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilization" title=" immobilization"> immobilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20nanoparticles" title=" magnetic nanoparticles"> magnetic nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polysaccharides" title=" polysaccharides"> polysaccharides</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137368/magnetic-nanoparticles-coated-with-modified-polysaccharides-for-the-immobilization-of-glycoproteins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Detection of Phoneme [S] Mispronounciation for Sigmatism Diagnosis in Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Krecichwost">Michal Krecichwost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zauzanna%20Miodonska"> Zauzanna Miodonska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Badura"> Pawel Badura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diagnosis of sigmatism is mostly based on the observation of articulatory organs. It is, however, not always possible to precisely observe the vocal apparatus, in particular in the oral cavity of the patient. Speech processing can allow to objectify the therapy and simplify the verification of its progress. In the described study the methodology for classification of incorrectly pronounced phoneme [s] is proposed. The recordings come from adults. They were registered with the speech recorder at the sampling rate of 44.1 kHz and the resolution of 16 bit. The database of pathological and normative speech has been collected for the study including reference assessments provided by the speech therapy experts. Ten adult subjects were asked to simulate a certain type of stigmatism under the speech therapy expert supervision. In the recordings, the analyzed phone [s] was surrounded by vowels, viz: ASA, ESE, ISI, SPA, USU, YSY. Thirteen MFCC (mel-frequency cepstral coefficients) and RMS (root mean square) values are calculated within each frame being a part of the analyzed phoneme. Additionally, 3 fricative formants along with corresponding amplitudes are determined for the entire segment. In order to aggregate the information within the segment, the average value of each MFCC coefficient is calculated. All features of other types are aggregated by means of their 75th percentile. The proposed method of features aggregation reduces the size of the feature vector used in the classification. Binary SVM (support vector machine) classifier is employed at the phoneme recognition stage. The first group consists of pathological phones, while the other of the normative ones. The proposed feature vector yields classification sensitivity and specificity measures above 90% level in case of individual logo phones. The employment of a fricative formants-based information improves the sole-MFCC classification results average of 5 percentage points. The study shows that the employment of specific parameters for the selected phones improves the efficiency of pathology detection referred to the traditional methods of speech signal parameterization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-aided%20pronunciation%20evaluation" title="computer-aided pronunciation evaluation">computer-aided pronunciation evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sibilants" title=" sibilants"> sibilants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sigmatism%20diagnosis" title=" sigmatism diagnosis"> sigmatism diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20processing" title=" speech processing"> speech processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65531/detection-of-phoneme-s-mispronounciation-for-sigmatism-diagnosis-in-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Repeatable Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates from SERSitive for Wide Range of Chemical and Biological Substances</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Ksiezopolska-Gocalska">Monika Ksiezopolska-Gocalska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Albrycht"> Pawel Albrycht</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Holyst"> Robert Holyst</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a technique used to analyze very low concentrations of substances in solutions, even in aqueous solutions - which is its advantage over IR. This technique can be used in the pharmacy (to check the purity of products); forensics (whether at a crime scene there were any illegal substances); or medicine (serving as a medical test) and lots more. Due to the high potential of this technique, its increasing popularity in analytical laboratories, and simultaneously - the absence of appropriate platforms enhancing the SERS signal (crucial to observe the Raman effect at low analyte concentration in solutions (1 ppm)), we decided to invent our own SERS platforms. As an enhancing layer, we have chosen gold and silver nanoparticles, because these two have the best SERS properties, and each has an affinity for the other kind of particles, which increases the range of research capabilities. The next step was to commercialize them, which resulted in the creation of the company ‘SERSitive.eu’ focusing on production of highly sensitive (Ef = 10⁵ – 10⁶), homogeneous and reproducible (70 - 80%) substrates. SERStive SERS substrates are made using the electrodeposition of silver or silver-gold nanoparticles technique. Thanks to a very detailed analysis of data based on studies optimizing such parameters as deposition time, temperature of the reaction solution, applied potential, used reducer, or reagent concentrations using a standardized compound - p-mercaptobenzoic acid (PMBA) at a concentration of 10⁻⁶ M, we have developed a high-performance process for depositing precious metal nanoparticles on the surface of ITO glass. In order to check a quality of the SERSitive platforms, we examined the wide range of the chemical compounds and the biological substances. Apart from analytes that have great affinity to the metal surfaces (e.g. PMBA) we obtained very good results for those fitting less the SERS measurements. Successfully we received intensive, and what’s more important - very repetitive spectra for; amino acids (phenyloalanine, 10⁻³ M), drugs (amphetamine, 10⁻⁴ M), designer drugs (cathinone derivatives, 10⁻³ M), medicines and ending with bacteria (Listeria, Salmonella, Escherichia coli) and fungi. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title="nanoparticles">nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERS" title=" SERS"> SERS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERS%20applications" title=" SERS applications"> SERS applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERS%20substrates" title=" SERS substrates"> SERS substrates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERSitive" title=" SERSitive"> SERSitive</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86926/repeatable-surface-enhanced-raman-spectroscopy-substrates-from-sersitive-for-wide-range-of-chemical-and-biological-substances" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Analysis of the Operating Load of Gas Bearings in the Gas Generator of the Turbine Engine during a Deceleration to Dash Maneuver</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zbigniew%20Czyz">Zbigniew Czyz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Magryta"> Pawel Magryta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mateusz%20Paszko"> Mateusz Paszko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper discusses the status of loads acting on the drive unit of the unmanned helicopter during deceleration to dash maneuver. Special attention was given for the loads of bearings in the gas generator turbine engine, in which will be equipped a helicopter. The analysis was based on the speed changes as a function of time for manned flight of helicopter PZL W3-Falcon. The dependence of speed change during the flight was approximated by the least squares method and then determined for its changes in acceleration. This enabled us to specify the forces acting on the bearing of the gas generator in static and dynamic conditions. Deceleration to dash maneuvers occurs in steady flight at a speed of 222 km/h by horizontal braking and acceleration. When the speed reaches 92 km/h, it dynamically changes an inclination of the helicopter to the maximum acceleration and power to almost maximum and holds it until it reaches its initial speed. This type of maneuvers are used due to ineffective shots at significant cruising speeds. It is, therefore, important to reduce speed to the optimum as soon as possible and after giving a shot to return to the initial speed (cruising). In deceleration to dash maneuvers, we have to deal with the force of gravity of the rotor assembly, gas aerodynamics forces and the forces caused by axial acceleration during this maneuver. While we can assume that the working components of the gas generator are designed so that axial gas forces they create could balance the aerodynamic effects, the remaining ones operate with a value that results from the motion profile of the aircraft. Based on the analysis, we can make a compilation of the results. For this maneuver, the force of gravity (referring to statistical calculations) respectively equals for bearing A = 5.638 N and bearing B = 1.631 N. As overload coefficient k in this direction is 1, this force results solely from the weight of the rotor assembly. For this maneuver, the acceleration in the longitudinal direction achieved value a_max = 4.36 m/s2. Overload coefficient k is, therefore, 0.44. When we multiply overload coefficient k by the weight of all gas generator components that act on the axial bearing, the force caused by axial acceleration during deceleration to dash maneuver equals only 3.15 N. The results of the calculations are compared with other maneuvers such as acceleration and deceleration and jump up and jump down maneuvers. This work has been financed by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20bearings" title="gas bearings">gas bearings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helicopters" title=" helicopters"> helicopters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=helicopter%20maneuvers" title=" helicopter maneuvers"> helicopter maneuvers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbine%20engines" title=" turbine engines"> turbine engines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50082/analysis-of-the-operating-load-of-gas-bearings-in-the-gas-generator-of-the-turbine-engine-during-a-deceleration-to-dash-maneuver" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Development of the Squamate Egg Tooth on the Basis of Grass Snake Natrix natrix Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mateusz%20%20Hermyt">Mateusz Hermyt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Kaczmarek"> Pawel Kaczmarek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weronika%20Rupik"> Weronika Rupik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The egg tooth is a crucial structure during hatching of lizards and snakes. In contrast to birds, turtles, crocodiles, and monotremes, egg tooth of squamate reptiles is a true tooth sharing common features of structure and development with all the other teeth of vertebrates. The egg tooth; however, due to its function, exhibits structural differences in relation to regular teeth. External morphology seems to be important in the context of phylogenetic relationships within Squamata but up to date, there is scarce information concerning structure and development of the egg tooth at the submicroscopical level. In presented studies detailed analysis of the egg tooth development in grass snake has been performed with the usage of light (including fluorescent), transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Grass snake embryo’s heads have been used in our studies. Grass snake is common snake species occurring in most of Europe including Poland. The grass snake is characterized by the presence of single unpaired egg tooth (as in most squamates) in contrast to geckos and dibamids possessing paired egg teeth. Studies show changes occurring on the external morphology, tissue and cellular levels of differentiating egg tooth. The egg tooth during its development changes its curvature. Initially, faces directly downward and in the course of its differentiation, it gradually changes to rostro-ventral orientation. Additionally, it forms conical dentinal protrusions on the sides. Histological analysis showed that egg tooth development occurs in similar steps in relation to regular teeth. It undergoes initiation, bud, cap and bell morphological stages. Analyses focused on describing morphological changes in hard tissues (mainly dentin and predentin) of egg tooth and in cells which enamel organ consists of. It included: outer enamel epithelium, stratum intermedium, inner enamel epithelium, odontoblasts, and cells of dental pulp. All specimens used in the study were captured according to the Polish regulations concerning the protection of wild species. Permission was granted by the Local Ethics Commission in Katowice (41/2010; 87/2015) and the Regional Directorate for Environmental Protection in Katowice (WPN.6401.257.2015.DC). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hatching" title="hatching">hatching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organogenesis" title=" organogenesis"> organogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reptile" title=" reptile"> reptile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Squamata" title=" Squamata"> Squamata</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87266/development-of-the-squamate-egg-tooth-on-the-basis-of-grass-snake-natrix-natrix-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Features of Normative and Pathological Realizations of Sibilant Sounds for Computer-Aided Pronunciation Evaluation in Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuzanna%20Miodonska">Zuzanna Miodonska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Krecichwost"> Michal Krecichwost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Badura"> Pawel Badura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sigmatism (lisping) is a speech disorder in which sibilant consonants are mispronounced. The diagnosis of this phenomenon is usually based on the auditory assessment. However, the progress in speech analysis techniques creates a possibility of developing computer-aided sigmatism diagnosis tools. The aim of the study is to statistically verify whether specific acoustic features of sibilant sounds may be related to pronunciation correctness. Such knowledge can be of great importance while implementing classifiers and designing novel tools for automatic sibilants pronunciation evaluation. The study covers analysis of various speech signal measures, including features proposed in the literature for the description of normative sibilants realization. Amplitudes and frequencies of three fricative formants (FF) are extracted based on local spectral maxima of the friction noise. Skewness, kurtosis, four normalized spectral moments (SM) and 13 mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) with their 1st and 2nd derivatives (13 Delta and 13 Delta-Delta MFCC) are included in the analysis as well. The resulting feature vector contains 51 measures. The experiments are performed on the speech corpus containing words with selected sibilant sounds (/ʃ, ʒ/) pronounced by 60 preschool children with proper pronunciation or with natural pathologies. In total, 224 /ʃ/ segments and 191 /ʒ/ segments are employed in the study. The Mann-Whitney U test is employed for the analysis of stigmatism and normative pronunciation. Statistically, significant differences are obtained in most of the proposed features in children divided into these two groups at p < 0.05. All spectral moments and fricative formants appear to be distinctive between pathology and proper pronunciation. These metrics describe the friction noise characteristic for sibilants, which makes them particularly promising for the use in sibilants evaluation tools. Correspondences found between phoneme feature values and an expert evaluation of the pronunciation correctness encourage to involve speech analysis tools in diagnosis and therapy of sigmatism. Proposed feature extraction methods could be used in a computer-assisted stigmatism diagnosis or therapy systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-aided%20pronunciation%20evaluation" title="computer-aided pronunciation evaluation">computer-aided pronunciation evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sigmatism%20diagnosis" title=" sigmatism diagnosis"> sigmatism diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20signal%20analysis" title=" speech signal analysis"> speech signal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20verification" title=" statistical verification"> statistical verification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65569/features-of-normative-and-pathological-realizations-of-sibilant-sounds-for-computer-aided-pronunciation-evaluation-in-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65569.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Preparation of Silver and Silver-Gold, Universal and Repeatable, Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Platforms from SERSitive</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Albrycht">Pawel Albrycht</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Ksiezopolska-Gocalska"> Monika Ksiezopolska-Gocalska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Holyst"> Robert Holyst</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a technique of growing importance not only in purely scientific research related to analytical chemistry. It finds more and more applications in broadly understood testing - medical, forensic, pharmaceutical, food - and everywhere works perfectly, on one condition that SERS substrates used for testing give adequate enhancement, repeatability, and homogeneity of SERS signal. This is a problem that has existed since the invention of this technique. Some laboratories use as SERS amplifiers colloids with silver or gold nanoparticles, others form rough silver or gold surfaces, but results are generally either weak or unrepeatable. Furthermore, these structures are very often highly specific - they amplify the signal only of a small group of compounds. It means that they work with some kinds of analytes but only with those which were used at a developer’s laboratory. When it comes to research on different compounds, completely new SERS 'substrates' are required. That underlay our decision to develop universal substrates for the SERS spectroscopy. Generally, each compound has different affinity for both silver and gold, which have the best SERS properties, and that's what depends on what signal we get in the SERS spectrum. Our task was to create the platform that gives a characteristic 'fingerprint' of the largest number of compounds with very high repeatability - even at the expense of the intensity of the enhancement factor (EF) (possibility to repeat research results is of the uttermost importance). As specified above SERS substrates are offered by SERSitive company. Applied method is based on cyclic potentiodynamic electrodeposition of silver or silver-gold nanoparticles on the conductive surface of ITO-coated glass at controlled temperature of the reaction solution. Silver nanoparticles are supplied in the form of silver nitrate (AgNO₃, 10 mM), gold nanoparticles are derived from tetrachloroauric acid (10 mM) while sodium sulfite (Na₂O₃, 5 mM) is used as a reductor. To limit and standardize the size of the SERS surface on which nanoparticles are deposited, photolithography is used. We secure the desired ITO-coated glass surface, and then etch the unprotected ITO layer which prevents nanoparticles from settling at these sites. On the prepared surface, we carry out the process described above, obtaining SERS surface with nanoparticles of sizes 50-400 nm. The SERSitive platforms present highly sensitivity (EF = 10⁵-10⁶), homogeneity and repeatability (70-80%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrodeposition" title="electrodeposition">electrodeposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERS" title=" SERS"> SERS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERSitive" title=" SERSitive"> SERSitive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERS%20platforms" title=" SERS platforms"> SERS platforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SERS%20substrates" title=" SERS substrates"> SERS substrates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86919/preparation-of-silver-and-silver-gold-universal-and-repeatable-surface-enhanced-raman-spectroscopy-platforms-from-sersitive" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Karpinski&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pawel%20Karpinski&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 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