CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Severus of Antioch - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"83036e57-ce87-4ce6-b47e-2b26b079c5be","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Severus_of_Antioch","wgTitle":"Severus of Antioch","wgCurRevisionId":1258615851,"wgRevisionId":1258615851,"wgArticleId":290585,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from July 2017","Articles containing Greek-language text","Articles containing Syriac-language text","Articles containing Arabic-language text","Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from May 2024","Articles with permanently dead external links", "CS1 errors: periodical ignored","CS1 errors: missing title","CS1 maint: date and year","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the DCBL with Wikisource reference","S-bef: 'before' parameter includes the word 'created'","Template:Succession box: 'before' parameter includes the word 'created'","465 births","538 deaths","Oriental Orthodox saints","Oriental Orthodox theology","Church Fathers","Syriac Patriarchs of Antioch from 512 to 1783","5th-century Byzantine bishops","6th-century Byzantine bishops","6th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops","6th-century Christian saints","6th-century Christian theologians","People from Roman Syria","Byzantine Anatolians","Saints from Anatolia","Ancient Christians involved in controversies","Miracle workers","5th-century Christian saints","5th-century Christian theologians","Byzantine jurists","Patriarchs of Antioch","6th-century Byzantine writers","6th-century jurists","Nature of Jesus Christ","Syrian Christian saints","Hymnographers"], "wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Severus_of_Antioch","wgRelevantArticleId":290585,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q729105", "wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js", "ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Severus.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="2438"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Severus.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1625"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1300"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Severus of Antioch - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Severus_of_Antioch rootpage-Severus_of_Antioch skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Severus+of+Antioch" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Severus+of+Antioch" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Severus+of+Antioch" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Severus+of+Antioch" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Biography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early life and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monkhood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monkhood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Monkhood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monkhood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Patriarch_of_Antioch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Patriarch_of_Antioch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Patriarch of Antioch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Patriarch_of_Antioch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exile_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exile_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Exile and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exile_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manichaeism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manichaeism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Manichaeism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manichaeism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Severus of Antioch</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A" title="سويرس الأنطاكي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سويرس الأنطاكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sever_d%27Antioquia" title="Sever d'Antioquia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sever d'Antioquia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severos_z_Antiochie" title="Severos z Antiochie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Severos z Antiochie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severus_von_Antiochia" title="Severus von Antiochia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Severus von Antiochia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%AE%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Σεβήρος Αντιοχείας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σεβήρος Αντιοχείας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severo_de_Antioqu%C3%ADa" title="Severo de Antioquía – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Severo de Antioquía" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B7%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%87" title="سوروس انطاکیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوروس انطاکیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9v%C3%A8re_d%27Antioche" title="Sévère d'Antioche – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sévère d'Antioche" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D6%87%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BD_%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%84%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB" title="Սևերոս Անտիոքացի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սևերոս Անտիոքացի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sever_Antiohijski" title="Sever Antiohijski – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sever Antiohijski" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severus_dari_Antiokhia" title="Severus dari Antiokhia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Severus dari Antiokhia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severo_di_Antiochia" title="Severo di Antiochia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Severo di Antiochia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სევეროს ანტიოქელი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სევეროს ანტიოქელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%89" title="ساويرس الانطاكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ساويرس الانطاكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severus_van_Antiochi%C3%AB" title="Severus van Antiochië – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Severus van Antiochië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AA%E3%82%AD%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AE%E3%82%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B9" title="アンティオキアのセウェロス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンティオキアのセウェロス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewer_z_Antiochii" title="Sewer z Antiochii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sewer z Antiochii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severo_de_Antioquia" title="Severo de Antioquia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Severo de Antioquia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Севир Антиохийский – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Севир Антиохийский" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severos_z_Antiochie" title="Severos z Antiochie – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Severos z Antiochie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Севир Антиохијски – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Севир Антиохијски" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sever_Antiohijski" title="Sever Antiohijski – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sever Antiohijski" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severos_av_Antiokia" title="Severos av Antiokia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Severos av Antiokia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Север Антіохійський – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Север Антіохійський" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%A1%E5%85%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%A1%9E%E7%BB%B4%E9%B2%81" title="安条克的塞维鲁 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="安条克的塞维鲁" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q729105#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Severus_of_Antioch" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Severus_of_Antioch"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Severus_of_Antioch" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Severus_of_Antioch" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&oldid=1258615851" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Severus_of_Antioch&id=1258615851&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSeverus_of_Antioch"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSeverus_of_Antioch"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Severus_of_Antioch&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Severus_of_Antioch" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Severus_of_Antioch" hreflang="en"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q729105" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Saint and 37th Patriarch of Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;color: #202122; background-color: #DFB0DF;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;">Saint</div><br /><div style="display:inline" class="fn">Severus the Great</div><br /><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;">Crown of Syrian</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader role"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Antioch_and_All_the_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarch of Antioch and All the East"> Patriarch of Antioch and all of the East</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Severus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Severus.jpg/220px-Severus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="447" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Severus.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="284" data-file-height="577" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Church</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Installed</th><td class="infobox-data">16 November 512</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Term ended</th><td class="infobox-data">5 February 538</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Flavian_II_of_Antioch" title="Flavian II of Antioch">Flavian II of Antioch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sergius_of_Tella" title="Sergius of Tella">Sergius of Tella</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">c. 459/465<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Sozopolis,_Pisidia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sozopolis, Pisidia">Sozopolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Roman Empire">Eastern Roman Empire</a><br />(modern-day <a href="/wiki/Uluborlu" title="Uluborlu">Uluborlu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isparta_Province" title="Isparta Province">Isparta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">5 February 538<br /><a href="/wiki/Sakha,_Egypt" title="Sakha, Egypt">Xois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Roman Empire">Eastern Roman Empire</a><br />(modern-day <a href="/wiki/Sakha,_Egypt" title="Sakha, Egypt">Sakha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Buried</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Enaton" title="Enaton">Zogag Monastery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Denomination</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodoxy</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Sainthood</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Feast day</th><td class="infobox-data">8 February (Coptic Church),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 29 September (Syriac Orthodox)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venerated in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodox Churches</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="Category:Oriental Orthodoxy"> a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy"><span style="color:7a2cfe;font-size:14pt">Oriental Orthodoxy</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristCopticArt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png/100px-ChristCopticArt.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/ChristCopticArt.png 1.5x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="263" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#7a2cfe; color:#FFFFFF;"> Oriental Orthodox churches</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Church" title="Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_of_Cilicia" title="Holy See of Cilicia">Cilicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo" title="Orthodox Tewahedo">Orthodox Tewahedo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Eritrean</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Independent churches</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a>: <a href="/wiki/British_Orthodox_Church" title="British Orthodox Church">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a>: <a href="/wiki/Malabar_Independent_Syrian_Church" title="Malabar Independent Syrian Church">Malabar Independent</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Autonomous churches</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a>: <a href="/wiki/French_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="French Coptic Orthodox Church">French Coptic Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian</a>: <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_Syrian_Christian_Church" title="Jacobite Syrian Christian Church">Jacobite Syrian Christian Church</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">History and theology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="History of Oriental Orthodoxy">History of Oriental Orthodoxy</a>:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_history" title="Coptic history">Coptic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Christianity" title="Timeline of Orthodox Tewahedo Christianity">Tewahedo history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Christianity" title="Syriac Christianity">Syriac history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christians" title="Saint Thomas Christians">Saint Thomas Christians</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Ecumenical Councils:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Constantinople" title="First Council of Constantinople">Constantinople I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ephesus" title="Council of Ephesus">Ephesus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Ephesus" title="Second Council of Ephesus">Ephesus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Council_of_Ephesus" title="Third Council of Ephesus">Ephesus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Dvin" title="First Council of Dvin">Dvin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Dvin" title="Second Council of Dvin">Dvin II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Council_of_Dvin" title="Third Council of Dvin">Dvin III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Council_of_Dvin" title="Fourth Council of Dvin">Dvin IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Manzikert" title="Council of Manzikert">Manzikert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Capharthutha" title="Council of Capharthutha">Capharthutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Shirakavan" title="Council of Shirakavan">Shirakavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Hromkla" title="Council of Hromkla">Hromkla</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Theology:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miaphysitism" title="Miaphysitism">Miaphysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Theology">Oriental Orthodox Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Chalcedonian_Christianity" title="Non-Chalcedonian Christianity">Non-Chalcedonian Christianity</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Liturgy and practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"> <ul><li>Anaphora & Rites:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandrian Rite">Alexandrian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_of_Saint_Gregory" title="Anaphora of Saint Gregory">Anaphora of Saint Gregory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_James" title="Liturgy of Saint James">Liturgy of Saint James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Basil" title="Liturgy of Saint Basil">Liturgy of Saint Basil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_Cyril" title="Liturgy of Saint Cyril">Liturgy of Saint Cyril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurobo" title="Holy Qurobo">Holy Qurobo</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Calendars:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Armenian_Apostolic_Church)" title="Calendar of saints (Armenian Apostolic Church)">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Bible:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">Peshitta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Coptic Bible">Coptic Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenian Bible">Armenian Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Tewahedo Bible">Orthodox Tewahedo Bible</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Cross:</li></ul> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_cross" title="Coptic cross">Coptic cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Cross" title="Armenian Cross">Armenian Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christian_cross" title="Saint Thomas Christian cross">St. Thomas Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_cross" title="Ethiopian cross">Ethiopian cross</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Major figures</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addai_of_Edessa" title="Addai of Edessa">Mor Addai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abgar_V" title="Abgar V">Abgar V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_the_Illuminator" title="Gregory the Illuminator">Gregory the Illuminator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Saints" title="Nine Saints">Nine Saints of Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiridates_III_of_Armenia" title="Tiridates III of Armenia">Tiridates III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Awgin" title="Mar Awgin">Mar Awgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezana_of_Axum" title="Ezana of Axum">Ezana of Axum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frumentius" title="Frumentius">Frumentius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenoute" title="Shenoute">Shenoute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesrop_Mashtots" title="Mesrop Mashtots">Mesrop Mashtots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dioscorus_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria">Dioscorus of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Severus of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_(Copt)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham (Copt)">Abraham of Farshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yared" title="Yared">Yared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Tanner" title="Simon the Tanner">Simon the Tanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Narek" title="Gregory of Narek">Gregory of Narek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerses_IV_the_Gracious" title="Nerses IV the Gracious">Nerses IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_the_Syrian" title="Michael the Syrian">Michael the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Hebraeus" title="Bar Hebraeus">Bar Hebraeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekle_Haymanot" title="Tekle Haymanot">Tekle Haymanot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giyorgis_of_Segla" title="Giyorgis of Segla">Giyorgis of Segla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Mar Thoma I">Mar Thoma I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorios_Abdal_Jaleel" title="Gregorios Abdal Jaleel">Gregorios Abdal Jaleel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geevarghese_Mar_Gregorios_of_Parumala" class="mw-redirect" title="Geevarghese Mar Gregorios of Parumala">Geevarghese Gregorios</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abuna" title="Abuna">Abuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicos" title="Catholicos">Catholicos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicos_of_India" title="Catholicos of India">Catholicos of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch"> Patriarch of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maphrian" title="Maphrian">Maphrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_ecclesiastical_titles" title="Ethiopian ecclesiastical titles">Ethiopian titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Church-Ordinance" title="Apostolic Church-Ordinance">Apostolic Church-Ordinance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_monasticism" title="Coptic monasticism">Coptic monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Coptic_saints" title="List of Coptic saints">Coptic saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debtera" title="Debtera">Debtera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coonan_Cross_Oath" title="Coonan Cross Oath">Coonan Cross Oath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_chant" title="Ethiopian chant">Ethiopian chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_of_Nineveh" title="Fast of Nineveh">Fast of Nineveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Fasting and abstinence of the Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_in_the_Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Fasting and abstinence in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Tewahedo fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timkat" title="Timkat">Timkat</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.2em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Links and resources</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;padding-top:0;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="Category:Oriental Orthodoxy">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Oriental Orthodoxy">Media</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Oriental_Orthodox_Church_templates" title="Category:Oriental Orthodox Church templates">Templates</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Oriental Orthodoxy">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oriental_Orthodox_sidebar" title="Template:Oriental Orthodox sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oriental_Orthodox_sidebar" title="Template talk:Oriental Orthodox sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oriental_Orthodox_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oriental Orthodox sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Severus the Great of Antioch</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Σεβῆρος</span>; <a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">Syriac</a>: <span lang="syr" dir="rtl">ܣܘܝܪܝܘܣ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ</span>),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also known as <b>Severus of Gaza</b><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the <b>Crown of Syrians</b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Syriac: <span lang="syr" dir="rtl">ܬܓܐ ܕܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Syriac-language romanization"><i lang="syr-Latn">Tagha d'Suryoye</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">تاج السريان</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Taj al-Suriyan</i></span>), was the <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Antioch" title="Patriarch of Antioch">Patriarch of Antioch</a>, and head of the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a>, from 512 until his death in 538. He is venerated as a saint in the <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Church">Oriental Orthodox Church</a>, and his feast day is <a href="/wiki/8_February" class="mw-redirect" title="8 February">8 February</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Severus was born in the city of <a href="/wiki/Sozopolis,_Pisidia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sozopolis, Pisidia">Sozopolis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pisidia" title="Pisidia">Pisidia</a> in c. 459,<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum92_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum92-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or c. 465,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> into an affluent <a href="/wiki/Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian">Christian</a> family, however, later <a href="/wiki/Miaphysitism" title="Miaphysitism">Miaphysite</a> sources would assert that his parents were <a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">pagan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Witakowski_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Witakowski-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was a <a href="/wiki/Senate" title="Senate">senator</a> in the city,<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his paternal grandfather,<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum92_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum92-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also named Severus,<sup id="cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NADMOSC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the Bishop of Sozopolis and had attended the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ephesus" title="Council of Ephesus">Council of Ephesus</a> in 431.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Severus' hagiography, he was named after his paternal grandfather as he had received a vision in which he was told, "the child who is for your son will strengthen <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Orthodoxy</a>, and his name will be after your name".<sup id="cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NADMOSC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After his father's death,<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 485, Severus travelled to <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a> in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> to study grammar, rhetoric,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and philosophy,<sup id="cite_ref-Witakowski_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Witakowski-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in both Greek and Latin.<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Alexandria, he met <a href="/wiki/Zacharias_of_Mytilene" class="mw-redirect" title="Zacharias of Mytilene">Zacharias of Mytilene</a>, a fellow student and friend, who persuaded him to read the works of <a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Basil_of_Caesarea" title="Basil of Caesarea">Basil of Caesarea</a>, in particular his correspondence with <a href="/wiki/Libanius" title="Libanius">Libanius</a>. According to Zacharias, whilst students at <a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria">Alexandria</a>, he and Severus discovered and destroyed a hoard of pagan idols at the neighbouring city of <a href="/wiki/Menouthis" title="Menouthis">Menouthis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the autumn of 486,<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus travelled to <a href="/wiki/Berytus" title="Berytus">Berytus</a> in <a href="/wiki/Phoenice_(Roman_province)" title="Phoenice (Roman province)">Phoenicia</a> and studied law and philosophy at the <a href="/wiki/Law_school_of_Berytus" title="Law school of Berytus">law school</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he was later joined by Zacharias in 487.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Berytus, Severus and Zacharias led the expulsion of necromancers and enchanters from the city, and Severus began to dedicate his free time to studying the works of the <a href="/wiki/Fathers_of_the_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Fathers of the Church">Fathers of the Church</a>. At this time, he joined a group of students led by a certain Evagrius who prayed together at the Church of the Resurrection every evening. Severus was convinced to be baptised, as he had not yet undergone baptism due to Pisidian custom in which men could not be baptised until they had grown a beard.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 488,<sup id="cite_ref-Witakowski_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Witakowski-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was baptised at the Church of Saint <a href="/wiki/Leontius,_Hypatius_and_Theodulus" title="Leontius, Hypatius and Theodulus">Leontius</a> at <a href="/wiki/Tripoli,_Lebanon" title="Tripoli, Lebanon">Tripolis</a> with Evagrius as his sponsor.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monkhood">Monkhood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Monkhood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Severus subsequently adopted an ascetic life whereby he rejected bathing and adopted fasting. He initially intended to return to Pisidia and practise law, however, after a pilgrimage to the Church of Saint Leontius in Tripolis, the head of <a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a> at <a href="/wiki/Homs" title="Homs">Emesa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, he resolved to join Evagrius and become a monk.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus entered the monastery of <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Iberian" title="Peter the Iberian">Peter the Iberian</a> near <a href="/wiki/Maiuma_(city)" title="Maiuma (city)"> Maiuma</a> in <a href="/wiki/Palaestina_Prima" title="Palaestina Prima">Palestine</a>, a prominent centre of <a href="/wiki/Non-Chalcedonian_Christianity" title="Non-Chalcedonian Christianity">non-Chalcedonianism</a>, and remained there for several years.<sup id="cite_ref-Youssef_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youssef-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later joined a monastic brotherhood in the desert near <a href="/wiki/Bayt_Jibrin" title="Bayt Jibrin">Eleutheropolis</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Archimandrite" title="Archimandrite">archimandrite</a> Mamas.<sup id="cite_ref-Venables1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Venables1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus practised asceticism in the desert until c. 500,<sup id="cite_ref-Youssef_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youssef-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at which time he became ill and was convinced to recover at the Monastery of Saint Romanus in <a href="/wiki/Maiuma_(city)" title="Maiuma (city)"> Maiuma</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he was ordained a priest by Epiphanius, Bishop of <a href="/wiki/Magydus" title="Magydus">Magydus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Youssef_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youssef-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Maiuma, Severus received his inheritance from his parents; he shared the property with his brothers, donated most of his share to the poor,<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance3_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and constructed a monastery.<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On a walk outside the city, Severus came upon a hermit who left his cave to call out, "welcome to you Severus, teacher of Orthodoxy, and Patriarch of Antioch", despite never meeting Severus, the hermit thus prophesied Severus' ascension to the patriarchal throne.<sup id="cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NADMOSC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He remained at his monastery until 507/508, at which time Nephalius, a <a href="/wiki/Chalcedonian_Christianity" title="Chalcedonian Christianity"> Chalcedonian</a> monk, arrived at Maiuma and preached against Severus and other non-Chalcedonians.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 508, Nephalius wrote an <i>apologia</i> of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Council of Chalcedon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance4_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to which Severus replied in his two <i>Orationes ad Nephalium</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Youssef_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youssef-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Elias_I_of_Jerusalem" title="Elias I of Jerusalem">Elias of Jerusalem</a> commissioned Nephalius to expel non-Chalcedonian monks from their monasteries in Palestine, and Severus was sent to <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> to complain to <a href="/wiki/List_of_Byzantine_emperors" title="List of Byzantine emperors">Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Anastasius_I_Dicorus" title="Anastasius I Dicorus">Anastasius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Severus travelled to <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> alongside 200 non-Chalcedonian monks,<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and gained favour with the emperor soon after his arrival.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance4_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Macedonius_II_of_Constantinople" title="Macedonius II of Constantinople">Macedonius II of Constantinople</a> attempted to sway Anastasius to support the Council of Chalcedon and presented the emperor with a collection of edited excerpts from the works of <a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a>, an important Father of the Church who had died prior to the council.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance4_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus, however, wrote <i>Philalethes</i>, and refuted Macedonius as the work of Cyril presented to the emperor was shown to be taken out of context.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance4_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance4-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Constantinople, Severus became friends with <a href="/wiki/Julian_of_Halicarnassus" title="Julian of Halicarnassus">Julian</a>, Bishop of <a href="/wiki/Halicarnassus" title="Halicarnassus">Halicarnassus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Zissis_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zissis-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Severus' influence, in 510, Anastasius allowed non-Chalcedonians to retake their monasteries, and, in 510/511, the emperor issued a <i>typos</i> (edict) that adopted the non-Chalcedonian interpretation of the <i><a href="/wiki/Henotikon" title="Henotikon">Henotikon</a></i> as law.<sup id="cite_ref-Horn_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horn-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Macedonius' deposition and his succession by <a href="/wiki/Timothy_I_of_Constantinople" title="Timothy I of Constantinople">Timothy I</a>, a non-Chalcedonian, in August 511, Severus returned to his monastery in Palestine.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Patriarch_of_Antioch">Patriarch of Antioch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Patriarch of Antioch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 512, <a href="/wiki/Flavian_II_of_Antioch" title="Flavian II of Antioch">Flavian II</a>, Patriarch of Antioch, was deposed by Anastasius,<sup id="cite_ref-Horn_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horn-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a synod was held at <a href="/wiki/Laodicea_in_Syria" title="Laodicea in Syria">Laodicea in Syria</a> to elect a successor.<sup id="cite_ref-Witakowski_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Witakowski-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus was elected on 6 November and consecrated at the <a href="/wiki/Domus_Aurea_(Antioch)" title="Domus Aurea (Antioch)">Great Church of Antioch</a> on 16 November.<sup id="cite_ref-Allen_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The consecration ceremony was attended by the bishops Dionysius of Tarsus, Nicias of Laodicea, <a href="/wiki/Philoxenus_of_Mabbug" title="Philoxenus of Mabbug">Philoxenus of Hierapolis</a>, Peter of Beroea, Simeon of Chalcis, Marion of Sura, Eusebius of Gabbula, Silvanus of Urima, Sergius of Cyrrhus, John of Europus, Philoxenus of Doliche, and Iulianus of Salamias.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the consecration ceremony, he affirmed the councils of <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea</a>, <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Constantinople" title="First Council of Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ephesus" title="Council of Ephesus">Ephesus</a>, and the <i>Henotikon</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance5_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance5-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite orders from Anastasius to not act or speak against the Council of Chalcedon,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus condemned the council, as well as Pope <a href="/wiki/Leo%27s_Tome" title="Leo's Tome">Leo's Tome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nestorius" title="Nestorius">Nestorius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eutyches" title="Eutyches">Eutyches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_of_Tarsus" title="Diodorus of Tarsus">Diodorus of Tarsus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_of_Mopsuestia" title="Theodore of Mopsuestia">Theodore of Mopsuestia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibas_of_Edessa" title="Ibas of Edessa">Ibas of Edessa</a>, Barsauma, and Cyrus and John of Aigai.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance5_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance5-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Severus could not be heard due to shouting and commotion, and he signed a declaration of faith at the ceremony's conclusion.<sup id="cite_ref-Allen_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allen-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon his consecration, Severus had the baths at the patriarchal palace destroyed and the cooks sent away, in keeping with his abstinence from luxurious bathing and eating.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance5_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance5-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was accepted as Patriarch of Antioch by Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Timothy_I_of_Constantinople" title="Timothy I of Constantinople">Timothy I of Constantinople</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_II_(III)_of_Alexandria" title="Pope John II (III) of Alexandria">Pope John</a> of Alexandria, but Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Elias_I_of_Jerusalem" title="Elias I of Jerusalem">Elias of Jerusalem</a> and other bishops refused to acknowledge him.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Couriers taking synodical letters from Severus to Jerusalem were expelled from the city by <a href="/wiki/Sabbas_the_Sanctified" title="Sabbas the Sanctified">Sabbas</a> and a crowd congregated at the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Church of the Holy Sepulchre">Church of the Holy Sepulchre</a> and chanted, "anathema to Severus and his fellow communicants".<sup id="cite_ref-Evans_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, Severus was popular amongst the population of the province of <a href="/wiki/Syria_Prima" title="Syria Prima">Syria Prima</a>, which had largely adopted non-Chalcedonianism, whereas the province of Syria Secunda, which was home to a large Greek population who favoured Chalcedonianism, was hostile towards Severus.<sup id="cite_ref-Evans_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A synod was held at <a href="/wiki/Tyre,_Lebanon" title="Tyre, Lebanon">Tyre</a> in Phoenicia in c. 514, at which the Council of Chalcedon and Leo's Tome was denounced, and Severus declared that the <i>Henotikon</i> had annulled the acts of the Council of Chalcedon.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance5_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance5-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus began to exchange letters with Sergius the Grammarian at this time as Sergius had written to Antoninus, Bishop of <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a>, who had asked Severus to respond.<sup id="cite_ref-Youssef229_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youssef229-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sergius argued that the Synod of Tyre had made serious concessions to Chalcedonians,<sup id="cite_ref-Youssef229_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youssef229-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to which Severus responded with a treatise against Sergius.<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As patriarch, Severus and <a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Apamea" title="Peter of Apamea">Peter</a>, Archbishop of <a href="/wiki/Apamea,_Syria" title="Apamea, Syria">Apamea</a>, were alleged to have hired Jewish mercenaries to kill 250 Chalcedonian pilgrims and leave their bodies unburied by the roadside.<sup id="cite_ref-Knezevich_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knezevich-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chalcedonians also claimed that the monasteries that the pilgrims had fled to were set alight and the monks that had protected them were also killed.<sup id="cite_ref-Knezevich_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knezevich-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 514 and 518,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_of_Caesarea_(theologian)" title="John of Caesarea (theologian)">John of Caesarea</a> wrote an <i>apologia</i> of the Council of Chalcedon in response to Severus' <i>Philalethes</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Youssef229_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youssef229-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus wrote a treatise in defence of <i>Philalethes</i>, and began work on a reply to <a href="/wiki/John_of_Caesarea_(theologian)" title="John of Caesarea (theologian)">John of Caesarea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exile_and_death">Exile and death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Exile and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following Anastasius' death and his succession by Emperor <a href="/wiki/Justin_I" title="Justin I">Justin I</a> in July 518, the bishops of Syria Secunda travelled to Constantinople and clamoured for Severus' deposition.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Justin demanded Severus affirmed the Council of Chalcedon, to which he refused,<sup id="cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NADMOSC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the emperor subsequently ordered Irenaeus, <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_the_East" title="Diocese of the East">Count of the East</a>, to arrest Severus and cut out his tongue.<sup id="cite_ref-Knezevich_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knezevich-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Theodora_(6th_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodora (6th century)">Theodora</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Justinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Justinian">Justinian</a>, Justin's nephew and heir, discovered Justin's orders and warned Severus.<sup id="cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NADMOSC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 September 518,<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus fled <a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a> by boat to Alexandria, where he was well received by <a href="/wiki/Pope_of_the_Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Timothy_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Timothy IV">Timothy III of Alexandria</a> and the city's inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-Knezevich_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knezevich-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus' arrival in Egypt is celebrated by the <a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic Orthodox Church</a> on 12 October.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite his deposition, Severus did not cease to be seen as the legitimate Patriarch of Antioch by non-Chalcedonians.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his exile in Egypt, Severus resided at the <a href="/wiki/Enaton" title="Enaton">monastery of the Ennaton</a> with Pope Timothy,<sup id="cite_ref-Zissis_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zissis-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is known to have performed a number of miracles.<sup id="cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NADMOSC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He completed his three volume book,<sup id="cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>liber contra impium grammaticum</i>, against John of Caesarea in c. 519.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance5_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance5-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his exile, Julian of Halicarnassus also took up residence at the monastery of the Ennaton and exchanged letters with Severus on the topic of the body of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Christ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whereas Julian had adopted aphthartodocetism, which argued that the body of Christ was incorruptible, Severus argued that the body of Christ was corruptible until the resurrection.<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He wrote five treatises against Julian,<sup id="cite_ref-Zissis_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zissis-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who responded in <i>peri aphtharsias</i> and an <i>apologia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The non-Chalcedonian community was quickly divided between "Severians", followers of Severus, and <a href="/wiki/Aphthartodocetae" title="Aphthartodocetae">aphthartodocetae</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Chapman_9-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and divisions remained unresolved until 527.<sup id="cite_ref-Youssef229_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Youssef229-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Severians were also known as the <i>Pthartolatrae</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Emperor Justinian, who succeeded his uncle Justin in 527, held a three-day synod at the <a href="/wiki/Boukoleon_Palace" title="Boukoleon Palace">Palace of Hormisdas</a> in the spring of 532 at Constantinople to restore unity to the church through dialogue between five Chalcedonians and five or more non-Chalcedonians.<sup id="cite_ref-Evans111_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans111-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The emperor invited Severus and promised immunity,<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance5_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance5-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, he chose not to attend on the grounds of age and as he was accused of corruption and bribery, which he vehemently denied.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In c. 534, the non-Chalcedonian community faced further division with the separation of the <a href="/wiki/Agnoetae" title="Agnoetae">Themistians</a> from the Severians. Their leader, Themistius, a deacon at Alexandria, saw himself as defending the Severan view, nevertheless, a new sect was founded after him<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2009_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2009-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStokes1887_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStokes1887-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> advocating a more extreme belief of Christ's corruptibility.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the invitation of Justinian, in the winter of 534/535,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus travelled to Constantinople alongside Peter of Apamea and the monk <a href="/wiki/Zooras" class="mw-redirect" title="Zooras">Zooras</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Roche_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roche-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this time, <a href="/wiki/Anthimus_I_of_Constantinople" title="Anthimus I of Constantinople">Anthimus</a>, Archbishop of <a href="/wiki/Trabzon" title="Trabzon">Trebizond</a>, was consecrated Patriarch of Constantinople and refused to affirm the Council of Chalcedon.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance6_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance6-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus successfully convinced Anthimus to adopt a position in line with himself and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Theodosius_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Theodosius I of Alexandria">Pope Theodosius I of Alexandria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Evans111_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans111-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Severus' fortunes were quickly overturned as <a href="/wiki/Pope_Agapetus_I" title="Pope Agapetus I">Pope Agapetus I</a> of Rome arrived at Constantinople in March 536.<sup id="cite_ref-Evans111_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans111-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Agapetus swayed Justinian to adopt a firm Chalcedonian position and Anthimus was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Menas_of_Constantinople" title="Menas of Constantinople">Menas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance6_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance6-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menas held <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constantinople_(536)" title="Council of Constantinople (536)">a synod from 2 May to 4 June</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Roche_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roche-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the conclusion of which Severus, Anthimus, Peter of Apamea, and Zooras were excommunicated.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 August 536, Justinian issued an edict that charged Severus, Anthimus, Peter, and Zooras with <a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eutychianism" title="Eutychianism">Eutychianism</a>, banned Severus' books,<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance6_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance6-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and banished them from the capital and all major cities.<sup id="cite_ref-Roche_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roche-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Severus fled Constantinople with the aid of Empress Theodora and returned to Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrance6_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrance6-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resided at the residence of Dorotheus in the city of <a href="/wiki/Xois" class="mw-redirect" title="Xois">Sakha</a> until his death on 5 February 538.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Relocation_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Relocation-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dorotheus had Severus' body moved to the <a href="/wiki/Enaton" title="Enaton">Zogag Monastery</a>, and the relocation of his body is celebrated on 19 December.<sup id="cite_ref-Relocation_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Relocation-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manichaeism">Manichaeism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Manichaeism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Severus of Antioch's 123rd homily is famously anti-<a href="/wiki/Manichaean" class="mw-redirect" title="Manichaean">Manichaean</a>. It has been lost in its original Greek version but a Syriac translation has been preserved. Parts of Severus' 123rd homily was translated and presented, together with the original Syriac text, by Kugener and Cumont.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this work he mentions an unnamed book by <a href="/wiki/Mani_(prophet)" title="Mani (prophet)">Mani</a>, which is possibly <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pragmateia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Pragmateia">The Pragmateia</a></i>, a Manichaean work now lost (this is however not certain; see doubts expressed in Baker-Brian 2011: 82-83). Although he opposed the Manichaeans, as he writes "From where did the Manichaeans, who are more wicked than any other, get the idea of introducing two principles, both uncreated and without beginning, that is good and evil, light and darkness, which they also call matter?",<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> his direct citations and explanations of Manichaean beliefs are considered a valuable source by Western scholarship, as the works he cites from are otherwise lost, and his citations of Manichaean texts are among the longest we possess.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copticchurch.net/synaxarium/6_9.html">"Amshir 9 : Lives of Saints : Synaxarium - CopticChurch.net"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amshir+9+%3A+Lives+of+Saints+%3A+Synaxarium+-+CopticChurch.net&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.copticchurch.net%2Fsynaxarium%2F6_9.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurtin2015" class="citation book cs1">Curtin, D. P. (July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XbbYEAAAQBAJ"><i>Jacobite Arab Synaxarium- Volume I</i></a>. Dalcassian Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781088061237" title="Special:BookSources/9781088061237"><bdi>9781088061237</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jacobite+Arab+Synaxarium-+Volume+I&rft.pub=Dalcassian+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2015-07&rft.isbn=9781088061237&rft.aulast=Curtin&rft.aufirst=D.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXbbYEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeanne-Nicole_Mellon_Saint-Laurent2016" class="citation web cs1">Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent (17 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://syriaca.org/person/51">"Severus of Antioch"</a>. <i>Qadishe: A Guide to the Syriac Saints</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Qadishe%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Syriac+Saints&rft.atitle=Severus+of+Antioch&rft.date=2016-08-17&rft.au=Jeanne-Nicole+Mellon+Saint-Laurent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsyriaca.org%2Fperson%2F51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Evans (2000), p. 106</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFemorales2016" class="citation web cs1">emorales (17 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atla.com/blog/the-biography-of-patriarch-severus-of-antioch-512-538-written-by-the-syriac-orthodox-patriarch-cyriacus-of-tikrit-793-817/">"The Biography of Patriarch Severus of Antioch (512-538) Written by the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch Cyriacus of Tikrit (793-817)"</a>. <i>Atla</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atla&rft.atitle=The+Biography+of+Patriarch+Severus+of+Antioch+%28512-538%29+Written+by+the+Syriac+Orthodox+Patriarch+Cyriacus+of+Tikrit+%28793-817%29&rft.date=2016-05-17&rft.au=emorales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.atla.com%2Fblog%2Fthe-biography-of-patriarch-severus-of-antioch-512-538-written-by-the-syriac-orthodox-patriarch-cyriacus-of-tikrit-793-817%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barsoum92-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum92_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum92_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Barsoum (2003), p. 92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sources that state Severus' birth in c. 465: <ul><li>Gregory (1991)</li> <li>Menze (2012)</li> <li>Witakowski (2004), p. 115</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-Witakowski-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Witakowski_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Witakowski_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Witakowski_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Witakowski_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Witakowski (2004), pp. 115-116</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chapman-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chapman_9-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapman (1911)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NADMOSC-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NADMOSC_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neamericandiocese.org/feasts-memorials.69/st-severus-of-antioch.aspx"><i>St. Severus of Antioch</i></a>. Northeast American Diocese of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Menze (2012)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barsoum93-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barsoum93_12-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Barsoum (2003), p. 93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Youssef-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Youssef_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Youssef_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Youssef_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Youssef_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Youssef (2015), p. 228</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Venables1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Venables1_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Venables (1911a)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Torrance3-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance3_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance3_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Torrance (1998), p. 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Torrance4-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance4_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance4_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance4_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance4_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Torrance (1998), p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Horn (2006), pp. 108-109</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zissis-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zissis_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zissis_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zissis_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zissis (1987)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Horn-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Horn_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Horn_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Horn (2006), p. 110</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Allen-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Allen_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Allen_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Allen & Hayward (2004), p. 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Honigmann (1947), p. 157</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Torrance5-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance5_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance5_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance5_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance5_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance5_22-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance5_22-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Torrance (1998), p. 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Horn (2006), p. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Evans-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Evans_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Evans_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Evans (2000), p. 107</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Youssef229-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Youssef229_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Youssef229_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Youssef229_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Youssef229_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Youssef (2015), p. 229</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Knezevich-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Knezevich_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knezevich_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knezevich_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knezevich_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Knezevich (1991)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kazhdan (1991)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Venables (1911b)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.copticchurch.net/synaxarium/2_2.html#1"><i>The Coming of Saint Severus, Patriarch of Antioch, to Egypt</i></a>. Coptic Orthodox Church Network</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arthur (2008), p. 102</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Constantelos (1987)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bates (1852), p. 137</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Evans111-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Evans111_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Evans111_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Evans111_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Evans (2000), p. 111</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arthur (2008), p. 108</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2009-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrossLivingstone2009_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrossLivingstone2009">Cross & Livingstone 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStokes1887-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStokes1887_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStokes1887">Stokes 1887</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frend (1991)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Torrance (1998), pp. 5-6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roche-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roche_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roche_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roche_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Roche (2003)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Torrance6-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance6_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance6_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance6_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Torrance6_40-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Torrance (1998), p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bacchus (1913)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Evans (2000), p. 184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Relocation-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Relocation_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Relocation_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.copticchurch.net/synaxarium/4_10.html"><i>The Relocation of the Body of St. Severus, Patriarch of Antioch</i></a>. Coptic Orthodox Church Network</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kugener & Cumont 1912</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baker-Brian 2011: 82</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gardner & Lieu 2004: 161</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kugener & Cumont 1912: 83f.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrossLivingstone2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/F._L._Cross" title="F. L. Cross">Cross, F. L.</a>; <a href="/wiki/E._A._Livingstone" class="mw-redirect" title="E. A. Livingstone">Livingstone, E. A.</a>, eds. (2009) [2005]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780192802903.001.0001/acref-9780192802903-e-143">"Agnoetae"</a>. <i>The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church</i> (3rd rev. ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280290-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280290-3"><bdi>978-0-19-280290-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Agnoetae&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+the+Christian+Church&rft.edition=3rd+rev.&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-19-280290-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780192802903.001.0001%2Facref-9780192802903-e-143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStokes1887" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Stokes, G. T. (1887). "Themistius (1)". In William Smith; Henry Wace (eds.). <i>A Dictionary of Christian Biography</i>. Vol. 4. London: John Murray. p. 898.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Themistius+%281%29&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Christian+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pages=898&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1887&rft.aulast=Stokes&rft.aufirst=G.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllenHayward2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Allen" title="Pauline Allen">Allen, Pauline</a>; <a href="/wiki/Charles_T._R._Hayward" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles T. R. Hayward">Hayward, Charles T. R.</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w92AAgAAQBAJ"><i>Severus of Antioch</i></a>. London-New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-56780-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-56780-5"><bdi>978-1-134-56780-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Severus+of+Antioch&rft.place=London-New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-134-56780-5&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft.au=Hayward%2C+Charles+T.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw92AAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArthur2008" class="citation book cs1">Arthur, Rosemary A. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uHF9op0hvbMC&q=severus&pg=PA116"><i>Pseudo-Dionysius as Polemicist: The Development and Purpose of the Angelic Hierarchy in Sixth Century Syria</i></a>. Ashgate Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-6258-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-6258-7"><bdi>978-0-7546-6258-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pseudo-Dionysius+as+Polemicist%3A+The+Development+and+Purpose+of+the+Angelic+Hierarchy+in+Sixth+Century+Syria&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-6258-7&rft.aulast=Arthur&rft.aufirst=Rosemary+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuHF9op0hvbMC%26q%3Dseverus%26pg%3DPA116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBacchus1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Bacchus, Francis Joseph (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Mennas"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Mennas">"Mennas" </a></span>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mennas&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Bacchus&rft.aufirst=Francis+Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker-Brian" class="citation book cs1">Baker-Brian, Nicholas J. <i>Manichaeism. An ancient faith rediscovered</i>. t&t clark.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manichaeism.+An+ancient+faith+rediscovered&rft.pub=t%26t+clark&rft.aulast=Baker-Brian&rft.aufirst=Nicholas+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarsoum2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_I_Barsoum" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum">Barsoum, Ignatius Aphrem</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Barsoum2000HistorySyriacLit"><i>The Scattered Pearls: A History of Syriac Literature and Sciences, trans. Matti Moosa, 2nd rev. ed</i></a>. Gorgias Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Scattered+Pearls%3A+A+History+of+Syriac+Literature+and+Sciences%2C+trans.+Matti+Moosa%2C+2nd+rev.+ed.&rft.pub=Gorgias+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Barsoum&rft.aufirst=Ignatius+Aphrem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FBarsoum2000HistorySyriacLit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBates1852" class="citation book cs1">Bates, William (1852). <i>College Lectures on Ecclesiastical History, 3rd ed</i>. John W Parker & Son.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=College+Lectures+on+Ecclesiastical+History%2C+3rd+ed.&rft.pub=John+W+Parker+%26+Son&rft.date=1852&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrock1975" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_P._Brock" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian P. Brock">Brock, Sebastian P.</a> (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y4DetAEACAAJ">"Some New Letters of the Patriarch Severos"</a>. <i>Studia Patristica</i>. <b>12</b>: 17–24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-0581-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-0581-2"><bdi>978-0-8028-0581-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studia+Patristica&rft.atitle=Some+New+Letters+of+the+Patriarch+Severos&rft.volume=12&rft.pages=17-24&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-0581-2&rft.aulast=Brock&rft.aufirst=Sebastian+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy4DetAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrock2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_P._Brock" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian P. Brock">Brock, Sebastian P.</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.degruyter.com/view/book/9781463216634/10.31826/9781463216634-002.xml">"Jacob the Annotator: Jacob's Annotations to His Revised Translation of Severus' Cathedral Homilies"</a>. <i>Studies on Jacob of Edessa</i>. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press. pp. 1–13. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31826%2F9781463216634-002">10.31826/9781463216634-002</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4632-1663-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4632-1663-4"><bdi>978-1-4632-1663-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jacob+the+Annotator%3A+Jacob%E2%80%99s+Annotations+to+His+Revised+Translation+of+Severus%E2%80%99+Cathedral+Homilies&rft.btitle=Studies+on+Jacob+of+Edessa&rft.place=Piscataway%2C+NJ&rft.pages=1-13&rft.pub=Gorgias+Press&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31826%2F9781463216634-002&rft.isbn=978-1-4632-1663-4&rft.aulast=Brock&rft.aufirst=Sebastian+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fview%2Fbook%2F9781463216634%2F10.31826%2F9781463216634-002.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrock2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_P._Brock" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian P. Brock">Brock, Sebastian P.</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rrS9CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32">"A Letter from the Orthodox Monasteries of the Orient Sent to Alexandria, Addressed to Severos"</a>. <i>Severus of Antioch: His Life and Times</i>. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 32–46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30799-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30799-5"><bdi>978-90-04-30799-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+Letter+from+the+Orthodox+Monasteries+of+the+Orient+Sent+to+Alexandria%2C+Addressed+to+Severos&rft.btitle=Severus+of+Antioch%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.place=Leiden-Boston&rft.pages=32-46&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-90-04-30799-5&rft.aulast=Brock&rft.aufirst=Sebastian+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrrS9CwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrock2016" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_P._Brock" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian P. Brock">Brock, Sebastian P.</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TwKJDAEACAAJ">"Miaphysite, not Monophysite!"</a>. <i>Cristianesimo Nella Storia</i>. <b>37</b> (1): 45–52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-15-26168-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-15-26168-7"><bdi>978-88-15-26168-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cristianesimo+Nella+Storia&rft.atitle=Miaphysite%2C+not+Monophysite%21&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=45-52&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-88-15-26168-7&rft.aulast=Brock&rft.aufirst=Sebastian+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTwKJDAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrock2017" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_P._Brock" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian P. Brock">Brock, Sebastian P.</a> (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Beth-Mardutho/hugoye-data/master/pdf/vol20/HV20N1Brock.pdf">"Patriarch Severos' Letter on his Flight from Antioch in 518"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies</i>. <b>20</b> (1): 25–50. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31826%2Fhug-2018-200103">10.31826/hug-2018-200103</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:212688775">212688775</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hugoye%3A+Journal+of+Syriac+Studies&rft.atitle=Patriarch+Severos%27+Letter+on+his+Flight+from+Antioch+in+518&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=25-50&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31826%2Fhug-2018-200103&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A212688775%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Brock&rft.aufirst=Sebastian+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2FBeth-Mardutho%2Fhugoye-data%2Fmaster%2Fpdf%2Fvol20%2FHV20N1Brock.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapman1911" class="citation journal cs1">Chapman, John (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10489b.htm">"Monophysites and Monophysitism"</a>. <i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Monophysites+and+Monophysitism&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F10489b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConstantelos1987" class="citation journal cs1">Constantelos, Demetrios J. (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/julian-halicarnassus">"Julian of Halicarnassus"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Religion</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religion&rft.atitle=Julian+of+Halicarnassus&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Constantelos&rft.aufirst=Demetrios+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fenvironment%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Fjulian-halicarnassus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Allan_Stewart_Evans" title="James Allan Stewart Evans">Evans, J. A. S.</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/document/240551324/The-Age-of-Justinian-the-Circumstances-of-Imperial-Power-Routledge-2000"><i>The Age of Justinian: The Circumstances of Imperial Power</i></a>. Routledge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Age+of+Justinian%3A+The+Circumstances+of+Imperial+Power&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=J.+A.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdocument%2F240551324%2FThe-Age-of-Justinian-the-Circumstances-of-Imperial-Power-Routledge-2000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrend1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Hugh_Clifford_Frend" class="mw-redirect" title="William Hugh Clifford Frend">Frend, W. H. C.</a> (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu/cdm/ref/collection/cce/id/87">"Agnoetae"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Aziz_Suryal_Atiya" title="Aziz Suryal Atiya">Aziz Suryal Atiya</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Coptic_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="The Coptic Encyclopedia">The Coptic Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 1. New York: Macmillan Publishers. cols. 70b–71a.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Agnoetae&rft.btitle=The+Coptic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=cols.+70b-71a&rft.pub=Macmillan+Publishers&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Frend&rft.aufirst=W.+H.+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccdl.libraries.claremont.edu%2Fcdm%2Fref%2Fcollection%2Fcce%2Fid%2F87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardnerLieu" class="citation book cs1">Gardner, Iain; Lieu, Samuel N. C. <i>Manichaean Texts from the Roman Empire</i>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manichaean+Texts+from+the+Roman+Empire&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.aulast=Gardner&rft.aufirst=Iain&rft.au=Lieu%2C+Samuel+N.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregory1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_E._Gregory" title="Timothy E. Gregory">Gregory, Timothy E.</a> (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001/acref-9780195046526-e-4932?rskey=B9iuTH&result=2"><i>Severos</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195046526.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6"><bdi>978-0-19-504652-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Severos&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195046526.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-504652-6&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Timothy+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195046526.001.0001%2Facref-9780195046526-e-4932%3Frskey%3DB9iuTH%26result%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHongimann1947" class="citation journal cs1">Hongimann, Ernest (1947). "The Patriarchate of Antioch: A Revision of Le Quien and the Notitia Antiochena". <i>Traditio</i>. <b>5</b>: 135–161. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0362152900013544">10.1017/S0362152900013544</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27830138">27830138</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:151905022">151905022</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Traditio&rft.atitle=The+Patriarchate+of+Antioch%3A+A+Revision+of+Le+Quien+and+the+Notitia+Antiochena&rft.volume=5&rft.pages=135-161&rft.date=1947&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A151905022%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27830138%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0362152900013544&rft.aulast=Hongimann&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorn2006" class="citation book cs1">Horn, Cornelia B. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6GQTDAAAQBAJ&q=Darling,+R.+(1982)+The+Patriarchate+of+Severus+of+Antioch&pg=PA20"><i>Asceticism and Christological Controversy in Fifth-Century Palestine: The Career of Peter the Iberian</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-927753-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-927753-7"><bdi>978-0-19-927753-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Asceticism+and+Christological+Controversy+in+Fifth-Century+Palestine%3A+The+Career+of+Peter+the+Iberian&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-927753-7&rft.aulast=Horn&rft.aufirst=Cornelia+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6GQTDAAAQBAJ%26q%3DDarling%2C%2BR.%2B%281982%29%2BThe%2BPatriarchate%2Bof%2BSeverus%2Bof%2BAntioch%26pg%3DPA20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKazhdan1991" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_E._Gregory" title="Timothy E. Gregory">Kazhdan, Alexander</a> (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001/acref-9780195046526-e-2628?rskey=GrH4gj&result=3"><i>John of Caesarea</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195046526.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6"><bdi>978-0-19-504652-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+of+Caesarea&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195046526.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-504652-6&rft.aulast=Kazhdan&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780195046526.001.0001%2Facref-9780195046526-e-2628%3Frskey%3DGrH4gj%26result%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnezevich1991" class="citation journal cs1">Knezevich, Linda (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/cce/id/1739/rec/2">"Severus of Antioch"</a>. <i>The Coptic Encyclopedia</i>. <b>7</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Coptic+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Severus+of+Antioch&rft.volume=7&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Knezevich&rft.aufirst=Linda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccdl.libraries.claremont.edu%2Fcdm%2Fsingleitem%2Fcollection%2Fcce%2Fid%2F1739%2Frec%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKugenerCumont1912" class="citation book cs1">Kugener, M.-A.; Cumont, Franz (1912). <i>Recherches sur le Manichéisme. II Extrait de la CXXIIIè Homélie de Sévère d'Antioche</i>. Lamertin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Recherches+sur+le+Manich%C3%A9isme.+II+Extrait+de+la+CXXIII%C3%A8+Hom%C3%A9lie+de+S%C3%A9v%C3%A8re+d%27Antioche&rft.pub=Lamertin&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Kugener&rft.aufirst=M.-A.&rft.au=Cumont%2C+Franz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenze2012" class="citation book cs1">Menze, Volker (2012). "Severus of Antioch". John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781444338386.wbeah12190">10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah12190</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-3838-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-3838-6"><bdi>978-1-4443-3838-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Severus+of+Antioch&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9781444338386.wbeah12190&rft.isbn=978-1-4443-3838-6&rft.aulast=Menze&rft.aufirst=Volker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span>; <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyendorff1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Meyendorff" title="John Meyendorff">Meyendorff, John</a> (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6J_YAAAAMAAJ"><i>Imperial unity and Christian divisions: The Church 450-680 A.D.</i></a> Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88141-055-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88141-055-6"><bdi>978-0-88141-055-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imperial+unity+and+Christian+divisions%3A+The+Church+450-680+A.D.&rft.place=Crestwood%2C+NY&rft.pub=St.+Vladimir%27s+Seminary+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-88141-055-6&rft.aulast=Meyendorff&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6J_YAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoche2003" class="citation journal cs1">Roche, P. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/peter-apamea">"Peter of Apamea"</a>. <i>New Catholic Encyclopedia</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Peter+of+Apamea&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Roche&rft.aufirst=P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Freligion%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Fpeter-apamea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTorrance1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Iain_Torrance" title="Iain Torrance">Torrance, Iain</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h2hKAwAAQBAJ&q=Christology+After+Chalcedon:+Severus+of+Antioch+and+Sergius+the+Monophysite"><i>Christology After Chalcedon: Severus of Antioch and Sergius the Monophysite</i></a>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57910-110-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57910-110-7"><bdi>978-1-57910-110-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christology+After+Chalcedon%3A+Severus+of+Antioch+and+Sergius+the+Monophysite&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-1-57910-110-7&rft.aulast=Torrance&rft.aufirst=Iain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh2hKAwAAQBAJ%26q%3DChristology%2BAfter%2BChalcedon%3A%2BSeverus%2Bof%2BAntioch%2Band%2BSergius%2Bthe%2BMonophysite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Wikisource" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenables1911a" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Venables" title="Edmund Venables">Venables, Edmund</a> (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Severus, patriarch of Antioch"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_Christian_Biography_and_Literature_to_the_End_of_the_Sixth_Century/Severus,_patriarch_of_Antioch">"Severus, patriarch of Antioch" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wace_(priest)" title="Henry Wace (priest)">Wace, Henry</a>; Piercy, William C. (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Christian_Biography_and_Literature_to_the_End_of_the_Sixth_Century" title="Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century">Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century</a></i> (3rd ed.). London: John Murray.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Severus%2C+patriarch+of+Antioch&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Christian+Biography+and+Literature+to+the+End+of+the+Sixth+Century&rft.place=London&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Venables&rft.aufirst=Edmund&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date and year (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_date_and_year" title="Category:CS1 maint: date and year">link</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Wikisource" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVenables1911b" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Venables" title="Edmund Venables">Venables, Edmund</a> (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century/Petrus, bp. of Apamea"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_Christian_Biography_and_Literature_to_the_End_of_the_Sixth_Century/Petrus,_bp._of_Apamea">"Petrus, bp. of Apamea" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wace_(priest)" title="Henry Wace (priest)">Wace, Henry</a>; Piercy, William C. (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Christian_Biography_and_Literature_to_the_End_of_the_Sixth_Century" title="Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century">Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century</a></i> (3rd ed.). London: John Murray.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Petrus%2C+bp.+of+Apamea&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Christian+Biography+and+Literature+to+the+End+of+the+Sixth+Century&rft.place=London&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=John+Murray&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Venables&rft.aufirst=Edmund&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date and year (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_date_and_year" title="Category:CS1 maint: date and year">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWitakowski2004" class="citation book cs1">Witakowski, Witold (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mUppV49qw6AC&q=severus+of+antioch">"Severus of Antioch in Ethiopian Tradition"</a>. <i>Studia Aethiopica</i>. Harrassowitz Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-447-04891-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-447-04891-0"><bdi>978-3-447-04891-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Severus+of+Antioch+in+Ethiopian+Tradition&rft.btitle=Studia+Aethiopica&rft.pub=Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-3-447-04891-0&rft.aulast=Witakowski&rft.aufirst=Witold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmUppV49qw6AC%26q%3Dseverus%2Bof%2Bantioch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoussef2015" class="citation book cs1">Youssef, Youhanna Nessim (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9zOkBgAAQBAJ&q=Bishop+Epiphanius+of+Magydos+in+Pamphilia&pg=PA228">"Severus of Antioch"</a>. <i>Wiley Blackwell Companion to Patristics</i>. John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-43871-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-43871-8"><bdi>978-1-118-43871-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Severus+of+Antioch&rft.btitle=Wiley+Blackwell+Companion+to+Patristics&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-118-43871-8&rft.aulast=Youssef&rft.aufirst=Youhanna+Nessim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9zOkBgAAQBAJ%26q%3DBishop%2BEpiphanius%2Bof%2BMagydos%2Bin%2BPamphilia%26pg%3DPA228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZachhuber2018" class="citation book cs1">Zachhuber, Johannes (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/25704705">"Personhood in Miaphysitism: Severus of Antioch and John Philoponus"</a>. <i>Personhood in the Byzantine Christian Tradition: Early, Medieval, and Modern Perspectives</i>. London: Routledges. pp. 29–43.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Personhood+in+Miaphysitism%3A+Severus+of+Antioch+and+John+Philoponus&rft.btitle=Personhood+in+the+Byzantine+Christian+Tradition%3A+Early%2C+Medieval%2C+and+Modern+Perspectives&rft.place=London&rft.pages=29-43&rft.pub=Routledges&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Zachhuber&rft.aufirst=Johannes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F25704705&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZissis1987" class="citation journal cs1">Zissis, Theodore (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/severus-antioch">"Severus of Antioch, trans. Philip M. McGhee"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Religion</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religion&rft.atitle=Severus+of+Antioch%2C+trans.+Philip+M.+McGhee&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Zissis&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fenvironment%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Fseverus-antioch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolfram2001" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Wolfram, Gerda (2001). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000025529">"Severus of Antioch"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Grove_Music_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Grove Music Online">Grove Music Online</a></i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.25529">10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.25529</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0"><bdi>978-1-56159-263-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Severus+of+Antioch&rft.btitle=Grove+Music+Online&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.25529&rft.isbn=978-1-56159-263-0&rft.aulast=Wolfram&rft.aufirst=Gerda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordmusiconline.com%2Fgrovemusic%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.001.0001%2Fomo-9781561592630-e-0000025529&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/page/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoussef2016" class="citation book cs1">Youssef, Youhanna Nessim (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211017062456/https://repository.divinity.edu.au/2878/1/_Youssef_Severus_Book__my_chapter.pdf">"Hymns of Severus of Antioch and the Coptic Theotokia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. In D'Alton, John; Youssef, Youhanna Nessim (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rrS9CwAAQBAJ"><i>Severus of Antioch: His Life and Times</i></a>. Leiden: <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30799-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30799-5"><bdi>978-90-04-30799-5</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.divinity.edu.au/2878/1/_Youssef_Severus_Book__my_chapter.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 17 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hymns+of+Severus+of+Antioch+and+the+Coptic+Theotokia&rft.btitle=Severus+of+Antioch%3A+His+Life+and+Times&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-90-04-30799-5&rft.aulast=Youssef&rft.aufirst=Youhanna+Nessim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepository.divinity.edu.au%2F2878%2F1%2F_Youssef_Severus_Book__my_chapter.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASeverus+of+Antioch" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;">Titles of <a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Flavian_II_of_Antioch" title="Flavian II of Antioch">Flavian II</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Patriarchs_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Patriarchs of Antioch">Patriarch of Antioch</a> </b><br />512–518 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Jew" title="Paul the Jew">Paul the Jew</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">office created</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Syriac_Patriarchs_of_Antioch_from_512_to_1783" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Syriac Patriarchs of Antioch from 512 to 1783">Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch</a> </b><br />512–538 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sergius_of_Tella" title="Sergius of Tella">Sergius of Tella</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_Patriarchs_of_Antioch" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="Template:Patriarchs of Antioch"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="Template talk:Patriarchs of Antioch"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs of Antioch"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_Patriarchs_of_Antioch" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Patriarchs_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Patriarchs of Antioch">List</a> of <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Antioch" title="Patriarch of Antioch">Patriarchs of Antioch</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Antioch" title="Church of Antioch">Church of Antioch</a> before 518</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter I</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 37</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 53</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evodius" title="Evodius">Evodius</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 53</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 69</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 70</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 107</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodion_of_Antioch" title="Herodion of Antioch">Herodion</a> (107–127)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_of_Antioch" title="Cornelius of Antioch">Cornelius</a> (127–154)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros_of_Antioch" title="Eros of Antioch">Eros</a> (154–169)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_of_Antioch" title="Theophilus of Antioch">Theophilus</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 169</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 182</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_of_Antioch" title="Maximus of Antioch">Maximus I</a> (182–191)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serapion_of_Antioch" title="Serapion of Antioch">Serapion</a> (191–211)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asclepiades_of_Antioch" title="Asclepiades of Antioch">Ascelpiades</a> (211–220)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philetus_of_Antioch" title="Philetus of Antioch">Philetus</a> (220–231)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebinnus_of_Antioch" title="Zebinnus of Antioch">Zebinnus</a> (231–237)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylas_of_Antioch" title="Babylas of Antioch">Babylas</a> (237–ca. 250)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Fabius</a> (253–256)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_of_Antioch" title="Demetrius of Antioch">Demetrius</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 256</span>–?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Samosata" title="Paul of Samosata">Paul of Samosata</a> (260–268)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domnus_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Domnus I">Domnus I</a> (268–273)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timaeus_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timaeus of Antioch (page does not exist)">Timaeus</a> (273–282)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyril_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyril of Antioch (page does not exist)">Cyril I</a> (283–303)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrannus_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyrannus of Antioch (page does not exist)">Tyrannus</a> (304–314)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vitalis_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vitalis of Antioch (page does not exist)">Vitalis</a> (314–320)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philogonus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philogonus (page does not exist)">Philogonus</a> (320–323)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Antioch" title="Eustathius of Antioch">Eustathius</a> (324–330)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulinus_I_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulinus I of Antioch (page does not exist)">Paulinus I</a> (330)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eulalius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eulalius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Eulalius</a> (331–332)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euphronius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euphronius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Euphronius</a> (332–333)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flacillus_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flacillus of Antioch (page does not exist)">Flacillus</a> (333–342)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_I_of_Antioch" title="Stephen I of Antioch">Stephen I</a> (342–344)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leontius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leontius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Leontius</a> (344–358)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudoxius_of_Antioch" title="Eudoxius of Antioch">Eudoxius</a> (358–359)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Annanios_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annanios of Antioch (page does not exist)">Annanios</a> (359)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_of_Antioch" title="Meletius of Antioch">Meletius</a> (360–361)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Homoian group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Euzoius (361–378)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorotheus_of_Antioch" title="Dorotheus of Antioch">Dorotheus</a> (378–381)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Meletian group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meletius_of_Antioch" title="Meletius of Antioch">Meletius</a> (362–381)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavian_I_of_Antioch" title="Flavian I of Antioch">Flavian I</a> (381–404)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porphyrus_of_Antioch" title="Porphyrus of Antioch">Porphyrus</a> (404–412)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander of Antioch (page does not exist)">Alexander</a> (412–417)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eustathius_of_Antioch" title="Eustathius of Antioch">Eustathian group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paulinus_II_of_Antioch" title="Paulinus II of Antioch">Paulinus II</a> (362–388)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evagrius_of_Antioch" title="Evagrius of Antioch">Evagrius</a> (388–393)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apollinaris_of_Laodicea" title="Apollinaris of Laodicea">Apollonarist group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Vitalis (376–?)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodotus_of_Antioch" title="Theodotus of Antioch">Theodotus</a> (417–428)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Antioch" title="John I of Antioch">John I</a> (428–442)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domnus_II_of_Antioch" title="Domnus II of Antioch">Domnus II</a> (442–449)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_II_of_Antioch" title="Maximus II of Antioch">Maximus II</a> (449–455)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil of Antioch (page does not exist)">Basil</a> (456–458)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acacius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acacius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Acacius</a> (458–461)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrius_of_Antioch" title="Martyrius of Antioch">Martyrius</a> (461–469)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Fuller" title="Peter the Fuller">Peter II</a> (469–471)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_(Chalcedonian_patriarch_of_Antioch)" title="Julian (Chalcedonian patriarch of Antioch)">Julian</a> (471–476)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Fuller" title="Peter the Fuller">Peter II</a> (476)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_II_Codonatus_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John II Codonatus of Antioch (page does not exist)">John II Codonatus</a> (476–477)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_II_of_Antioch" title="Stephen II of Antioch">Stephen II</a> (477–479)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendion" title="Calendion">Callandion</a> (479–485)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Fuller" title="Peter the Fuller">Peter II</a> (485–488)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patriarch_Palladius_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patriarch Palladius of Antioch (page does not exist)">Palladius</a> (488–498)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flavian_II_of_Antioch" title="Flavian II of Antioch">Flavian II</a> (498–512)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Severus I</a> (512–518)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" style="background: #ffffff;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FFFF66;;background: #FFFF66;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Template:Patriarchs of the Syriac Orthodox Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Template talk:Patriarchs of the Syriac Orthodox Church"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Patriarchs of the Syriac Orthodox Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Patriarchs_of_the_Syriac_Orthodox_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Syriac_Orthodox_patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="List of Syriac Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch">Patriarchs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">6th–9th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Severus I</a> (512–538)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergius_of_Tella" title="Sergius of Tella">Sergius of Tella</a> (c. 544–c. 547; c. 557–560)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Black" title="Paul the Black">Paul II</a> (c. 551/564–578)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_III_of_Callinicum" title="Peter III of Callinicum">Peter III</a> (578/581–591)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_I_(Miaphysite_patriarch_of_Antioch)" title="Julian I (Miaphysite patriarch of Antioch)">Julian II</a> (591–594)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_I_Gammolo" title="Athanasius I Gammolo">Athanasius I Gammolo</a> (594/595–631)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_III_of_the_Sedre" title="John III of the Sedre">John III</a> (631–648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_(Syriac_Orthodox_patriarch_of_Antioch)" title="Theodore (Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch)">Theodore</a> (649–666/667)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severus_II_bar_Masqeh" title="Severus II bar Masqeh">Severus II bar Masqeh</a> (667/668–680/684)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_II_Baldoyo" title="Athanasius II Baldoyo">Athanasius II Baldoyo</a> (683/684–687)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_II_the_Roman" title="Julian II the Roman">Julian III</a> (687–707/708)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_I_of_Antioch" title="Elias I of Antioch">Elias I</a> (709–723/724)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_III_(Syriac_Orthodox_patriarch_of_Antioch)" title="Athanasius III (Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch)">Athanasius III</a> (724–739/740)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwannis_I" title="Iwannis I">Iwannis I</a> (739/740–754/755)</li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Isaac_I_of_Antioch" title="Isaac I of Antioch">Isaac I</a> (755–756)†</small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_Sandalaya" title="Athanasius Sandalaya">Athanasius Sandalaya</a> (756–758)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_of_Beltan" title="George of Beltan">George I</a> (758/759–789/790)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_of_Raqqa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John of Raqqa (page does not exist)">John of Raqqa</a> (758–762)†</small></li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_of_Dara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David of Dara (page does not exist)">David of Dara</a> (762–774)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_of_Antioch" title="Joseph of Antioch">Joseph</a> (790–791/792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quriaqos_of_Tagrit" title="Quriaqos of Tagrit">Quriaqos</a> (793–817)</li> <li><small>Abraham (807/808–837)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_I_Telmaharoyo" title="Dionysius I Telmaharoyo">Dionysius I Telmaharoyo</a> (818–845)</li> <li><small>Simeon (c. 837)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Antioch" title="John IV of Antioch">John IV</a> (846/847–873/874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_II" title="Ignatius II">Ignatius II</a> (878–883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodosius_Romanus" title="Theodosius Romanus">Theodosius Romanus</a> (887–896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_II_of_Antioch" title="Dionysius II of Antioch">Dionysius II</a> (896/897–908/909)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">10th–13th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_V_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John V of Antioch (page does not exist)">John V</a> (910–922)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_I_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil I of Antioch (page does not exist)">Basil I</a> (923–935)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_VI_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John VI of Antioch (page does not exist)">John VI</a> (936–953)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iwannis_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iwannis II (page does not exist)">Iwannis II</a> (954–957)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_III_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius III of Antioch (page does not exist)">Dionysius III</a> (958–961)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_I_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham I of Antioch (page does not exist)">Abraham I</a> (962–963)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_VII_Sarigta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John VII Sarigta (page does not exist)">John VII Sarigta</a> (965–985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_IV_Salhoyo" title="Athanasius IV Salhoyo">Athanasius IV Salhoyo</a> (986/987–1002/1003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_VIII_bar_Abdoun" title="John VIII bar Abdoun">John VIII bar Abdoun</a> (1004–1030/1031/1033)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_IV_Yahyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius IV Yahyo (page does not exist)">Dionysius IV Yahyo</a> (1031–1042)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_IX_bar_%CA%BFAbdun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John IX bar ʿAbdun (page does not exist)">John IX bar ʿAbdun</a> (1042/1048/1049–1057)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athanasius_V_Yahyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athanasius V Yahyo (page does not exist)">Athanasius V Yahyo</a> (1057/1058–1062/1064)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_X_bar_Shushan" title="John X bar Shushan">John X bar Shushan</a> (1063/1064–1072/1073)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_II_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil II of Antioch (page does not exist)">Basil II</a> (1074–1075)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_bar_%CA%BFAbdun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John bar ʿAbdun (page does not exist)">John bar ʿAbdun</a> (1075–1076/1077)†</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_V_La%CA%BFzar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius V Laʿzar (page does not exist)">Dionysius V Laʿzar</a> (1077–1078/1079)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iwannis_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iwannis III (page does not exist)">Iwannis III</a> (1086–1087/1088)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_VI_of_Antioch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius VI of Antioch (page does not exist)">Dionysius VI</a> (1088–1090)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_VI_bar_Khamoro" title="Athanasius VI bar Khamoro">Athanasius VI bar Khamoro</a> (1090/1091–1129)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XI_bar_Mawdyono" title="John XI bar Mawdyono">John XI bar Mawdyono</a> (1129/1130–1137)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_VII_bar_Qatra" title="Athanasius VII bar Qatra">Athanasius VII bar Qatra</a> (1138/1139–1166)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_the_Syrian" title="Michael the Syrian">Michael I Rabo</a> (1166–1199)</li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Theodore_bar_Wahbun" class="mw-redirect" title="Theodore bar Wahbun">Theodore bar Wahbun</a> (1180–1193)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Athanasius VIII">Athanasius VIII</a> (1199–1207)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_II_the_Younger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael II the Younger (page does not exist)">Michael II the Younger</a> (1199/1200–1215)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XII_of_Antioch" title="John XII of Antioch">John XII</a> (1207/1208–1219/1220)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_III_David" title="Ignatius III David">Ignatius III David</a> (1222–1252)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_VII_%CA%BFAngur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius VII ʿAngur (page does not exist)">Dionysius VII ʿAngur</a> (1252–1261)†</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_XIII_bar_Ma%27dani" title="John XIII bar Ma'dani">John XIII bar Ma'dani</a> (1252–1263)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_IV_Yeshu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius IV Yeshu (page does not exist)">Ignatius IV Yeshu</a> (1264–1282/1283)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philoxenus_I_Nemrud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philoxenus I Nemrud (page does not exist)">Philoxenus I Nemrud</a> (1283–1292)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_II_of_Antioch" title="Michael II of Antioch">Michael II</a> (1292–1312)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">Patriarchs of Mardin,<br /> 1293–1445</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_bar_Wahib" title="Ignatius bar Wahib">Ignatius bar Wahib</a> (1293–1333)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Ismail" title="Ignatius Ismail">Ignatius Ismail</a> (1333–1365/1366)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Shahab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Shahab (page does not exist)">Ignatius Shahab</a> (1365/1366–1381)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Abraham_bar_Gharib" title="Ignatius Abraham bar Gharib">Ignatius Abraham bar Gharib</a> (1381/1382–1412)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Behnam_Hadloyo" title="Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo">Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo</a> (1412–1445)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">Patriarchs of Melitene,<br /> 1293–1360</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Constantine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Constantine (page does not exist)">Ignatius Constantine</a> (1292–1293)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Philoxenus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Philoxenus (page does not exist)">Ignatius Philoxenus</a> (1349–c. 1360)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarchs_of_Tur_Abdin" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriarchs of Tur Abdin">Patriarchs of Tur Abdin</a>,<br />1364–1844</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Saba_I" title="Ignatius Saba I">Ignatius Saba I</a> (1364–1389)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu I</a> (1389–1418)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Mas%CA%BFud_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Masʿud I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Masʿud I</a> (1418–1420)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Enoch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Enoch (page does not exist)">Ignatius Enoch</a> (1421–1444/1445)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Qumo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Qumo (page does not exist)">Ignatius Qumo</a> (1444/1446–1454/1455)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu II</a> (1455–1460)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Philoxenus_Aziz_bar_Sobto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Philoxenus Aziz bar Sobto (page does not exist)">Ignatius Philoxenus Aziz bar Sobto</a> (1460–1482)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Saba_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Saba II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Saba II</a> (1482–1488/1489)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_John_Quphar_%CA%BFEnwardoyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius John Quphar ʿEnwardoyo (page does not exist)">Ignatius John Quphar ʿEnwardoyo</a> (1489–1492/1493)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas%CA%BF%C5%ABd_II_of_%E1%B9%ACur_%CA%BFAbdin" title="Masʿūd II of Ṭur ʿAbdin">Ignatius Masʿud II</a> (1492/1493–1494/1509/1512)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu III (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu III</a> (1515–1524)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Simon_of_Hattakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Simon of Hattakh (page does not exist)">Ignatius Simon of Hattakh</a> (1524–1551)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Jacob_of_Hesna_d%E2%80%99Kifa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Jacob of Hesna d’Kifa (page does not exist)">Ignatius Jacob of Hesna d’Kifa</a> (1551–1571)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Sohdo_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Sohdo of Midyat (page does not exist)">Ignatius Sohdo of Midyat</a> (1584–1621)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Abdallah_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Abdallah of Midyat (page does not exist)">Ignatius Abdallah of Midyat</a> (c. 1628)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Habib_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Habib of Midyat (page does not exist)">Ignatius Habib of Midyat</a> (1674–1707)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Denho_of_Arnas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Denho of Arnas (page does not exist)">Ignatius Denho of Arnas</a> (1707–1725)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Barsawmo_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Barsawmo of Midyat (page does not exist)">Ignatius Barsawmo of Midyat</a> (1740–1791)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Aho_of_Arbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Aho of Arbo (page does not exist)">Ignatius Aho of Arbo</a> (1791–1816)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Isha%CA%BFya_of_Arbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Ishaʿya of Arbo (page does not exist)">Ignatius Ishaʿya of Arbo</a> (1791–1816)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_Isaac_of_Azekh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Severus Isaac of Azekh (page does not exist)">Severus Isaac of Azekh</a> (1804–1816)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_of_Arnas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph of Arnas (page does not exist)">Joseph of Arnas</a> (1805–1834)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barsawmo_of_Hbob&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barsawmo of Hbob (page does not exist)">Barsawmo of Hbob</a> (1816–1839)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirza_of_Beth_Sbirino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirza of Beth Sbirino (page does not exist)">Mirza of Beth Sbirino</a> (1816–1842)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregory_Zaitun_Ghomo_of_Midyat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory Zaitun Ghomo of Midyat (page does not exist)">Gregory Zaitun Ghomo of Midyat</a> (1821–1844)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Severus_Abd_al-Nur_of_Arbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Severus Abd al-Nur of Arbo (page does not exist)">Severus Abd al-Nur of Arbo</a> (1834–1839)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">14th–17th centuries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_III_Yeshu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael III Yeshu (page does not exist)">Michael III Yeshu</a> (1313–1349)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_III_Gabriel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil III Gabriel (page does not exist)">Basil III Gabriel</a> (1349–1387)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philoxenus_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philoxenus II (page does not exist)">Philoxenus II</a> (1387–c. 1421)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_IV_Simon" title="Basil IV Simon">Basil IV Simon</a> (1421/1422–1444/1445)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Behnam_Hadloyo" title="Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo">Ignatius Behnam Hadloyo</a> (1445–1455)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Khalaf_Ma%CA%BFdnoyo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Khalaf Maʿdnoyo (page does not exist)">Ignatius Khalaf Maʿdnoyo</a> (1455/1456–1484)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_John_XIV" title="Ignatius John XIV">Ignatius John XIV</a> (1484–1493)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Noah_of_Lebanon" title="Ignatius Noah of Lebanon">Ignatius Noah of Lebanon</a> (1493/1494–1509)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu I</a> (1509–1510/1519)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Jacob_I" title="Ignatius Jacob I">Ignatius Jacob I</a> (1510/1512–1517/1519)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_David_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius David I (page does not exist)">Ignatius David I</a> (1519–1521)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Abdullah_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Abdullah I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Abdullah I</a> (1521–1557)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Ni%27matallah" title="Ignatius Ni'matallah">Ignatius Ni'matallah</a> (1557–1576)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_David_II_Shah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius David II Shah (page does not exist)">Ignatius David II Shah</a> (1576–1591)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Pilate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Pilate (page does not exist)">Ignatius Pilate</a> (1591–1597)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Hidayat_Allah" title="Ignatius Hidayat Allah">Ignatius Hidayat Allah</a> (1597/1598–1639/1640)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Simon_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Simon I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Simon I</a> (1640–1653)</li> <li><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Shukrallah_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Shukrallah I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Shukrallah I</a> (1640–1670)†</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Yeshu_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Yeshu II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Yeshu II</a> (1653/1655–1661)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Abdulmasih_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Abdulmasih I (page does not exist)">Ignatius Abdulmasih I</a> (1661/1662–1686)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_George_II" title="Ignatius George II">Ignatius George II</a> (1687–1708)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFFF66;;width:1%">18th century–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Isaac_II" title="Ignatius Isaac II">Ignatius Isaac II</a> (1709–1722)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Shukrallah_II" title="Ignatius Shukrallah II">Ignatius Shukrallah II</a> (1722/1723–1745)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_George_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius George III (page does not exist)">Ignatius George III</a> (1745/1746–1768)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_George_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius George IV (page does not exist)">Ignatius George IV</a> (1768–1781)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Matthew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Matthew (page does not exist)">Ignatius Matthew</a> (1782–1817/1819)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_John&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius John (page does not exist)">Ignatius John</a> (1817–1818)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_George_V&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius George V (page does not exist)">Ignatius George V</a> (1819–1836/1839)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Elias_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Elias II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Elias II</a> (1836/1839–1847)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Jacob_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Jacob II (page does not exist)">Ignatius Jacob II</a> (1847–1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Peter_IV" title="Ignatius Peter IV">Ignatius Peter IV</a> (1872–1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Abded_Mshiho_II" title="Ignatius Abded Mshiho II">Ignatius Abdulmasih II</a> (1894/1895–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Abded_Aloho_II" title="Ignatius Abded Aloho II">Ignatius Abdullah II</a> (1906–1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Elias_III" title="Ignatius Elias III">Ignatius Elias III</a> (1917–1932/1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_I_Barsoum" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum">Ignatius Aphrem I Barsoum</a> (1933–1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Jacob_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Jacob III">Ignatius Jacob III</a> (1957–1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Zakka I Iwas">Ignatius Zakka I Iwas</a> (1980–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Aphrem_II" title="Ignatius Aphrem II">Ignatius Aphrem II</a> (2014–Present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background: #FFFF66;"><div>† Illegitimate<br /> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729105#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729105#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729105#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000083689261">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/31142837">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/419159474316427662491">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/746159234541603371860">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1846865/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11879681X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n89630595">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11984870v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11984870v">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Severus : Antiochenus"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/SBLV274791">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35194605">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Severus"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mub20211119110&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1244234">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/963358">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073727024">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90369992">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/jgvxtfd21n3691v">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810558227805606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/40802">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007267972705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/13958135">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/860042">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd11879681X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11879681X">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027907805">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6zc9v6r">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&oldid=1258615851">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&oldid=1258615851</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:465_births" title="Category:465 births">465 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:538_deaths" title="Category:538 deaths">538 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oriental_Orthodox_saints" title="Category:Oriental Orthodox saints">Oriental Orthodox saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oriental_Orthodox_theology" title="Category:Oriental Orthodox theology">Oriental Orthodox theology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Church_Fathers" title="Category:Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Syriac_Patriarchs_of_Antioch_from_512_to_1783" title="Category:Syriac Patriarchs of Antioch from 512 to 1783">Syriac Patriarchs of Antioch from 512 to 1783</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_Byzantine_bishops" title="Category:5th-century Byzantine bishops">5th-century Byzantine bishops</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_Byzantine_bishops" title="Category:6th-century Byzantine bishops">6th-century Byzantine bishops</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_Oriental_Orthodox_archbishops" title="Category:6th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops">6th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_Christian_saints" title="Category:6th-century Christian saints">6th-century Christian saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_Christian_theologians" title="Category:6th-century Christian theologians">6th-century Christian theologians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Roman_Syria" title="Category:People from Roman Syria">People from Roman Syria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Byzantine_Anatolians" title="Category:Byzantine Anatolians">Byzantine Anatolians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Saints_from_Anatolia" title="Category:Saints from Anatolia">Saints from Anatolia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Christians_involved_in_controversies" title="Category:Ancient Christians involved in controversies">Ancient Christians involved in controversies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Miracle_workers" title="Category:Miracle workers">Miracle workers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_Christian_saints" title="Category:5th-century Christian saints">5th-century Christian saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5th-century_Christian_theologians" title="Category:5th-century Christian theologians">5th-century Christian theologians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Byzantine_jurists" title="Category:Byzantine jurists">Byzantine jurists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Patriarchs_of_Antioch" title="Category:Patriarchs of Antioch">Patriarchs of Antioch</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_Byzantine_writers" title="Category:6th-century Byzantine writers">6th-century Byzantine writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:6th-century_jurists" title="Category:6th-century jurists">6th-century jurists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nature_of_Jesus_Christ" title="Category:Nature of Jesus Christ">Nature of Jesus Christ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Syrian_Christian_saints" title="Category:Syrian Christian saints">Syrian Christian saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hymnographers" title="Category:Hymnographers">Hymnographers</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_July_2017" title="Category:Use dmy dates from July 2017">Use dmy dates from July 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Greek-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Greek-language text">Articles containing Greek-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Syriac-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Syriac-language text">Articles containing Syriac-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1913_Catholic_Encyclopedia_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference">Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_May_2024" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from May 2024">Articles with dead external links from May 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_title" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing title">CS1 errors: missing title</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_date_and_year" title="Category:CS1 maint: date and year">CS1 maint: date and year</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_DCBL_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the DCBL with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the DCBL with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:S-bef:_%27before%27_parameter_includes_the_word_%27created%27" title="Category:S-bef: 'before' parameter includes the word 'created'">S-bef: 'before' parameter includes the word 'created'</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Template:Succession_box:_%27before%27_parameter_includes_the_word_%27created%27" title="Category:Template:Succession box: 'before' parameter includes the word 'created'">Template:Succession box: 'before' parameter includes the word 'created'</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 November 2024, at 18:03<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Severus_of_Antioch&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-74cfd","wgBackendResponseTime":172,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.098","walltime":"1.437","ppvisitednodes":{"value":7102,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":190177,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8009,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":208153,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1241.645 1 -total"," 12.02% 149.295 1 Template:Oriental_Orthodox_sidebar"," 10.88% 135.036 1 Template:Reflist"," 10.69% 132.766 21 Template:Cite_book"," 10.28% 127.607 4 Template:Langx"," 10.09% 125.328 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 8.57% 106.350 1 Template:Authority_control"," 7.95% 98.733 3 Template:Cite_web"," 6.47% 80.276 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.40% 79.420 2 Template:Succession_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.639","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17657687,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\nanchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAllenHayward2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArthur2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBacchus1911\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaker-Brian\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBarsoum2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBates1852\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrock1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrock2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrock2016\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFBrock2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChapman1911\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFConstantelos1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrossLivingstone2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCurtin2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEvans2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrend1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGardnerLieu\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGregory1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHongimann1947\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHorn2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJeanne-Nicole_Mellon_Saint-Laurent2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKazhdan1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKnezevich1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKugenerCumont1912\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMenze2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeyendorff1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoche2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStokes1887\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTorrance1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVenables1911a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVenables1911b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWitakowski2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWolfram2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYoussef2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYoussef2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZachhuber2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZissis1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFemorales2016\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite CE1913\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite DCBL\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 21,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 9,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 3,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Severus I of Antioch\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 1,\n [\"Google books\"] = 1,\n [\"Grove Music subscription\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox Christian leader\"] = 1,\n [\"Langx\"] = 4,\n [\"Oriental Orthodox sidebar\"] = 1,\n [\"Patriarchs of Antioch\"] = 1,\n [\"Patriarchs of the Syriac Orthodox Church\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-rel\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 2,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Succession box\"] = 2,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.eqiad.main-58964749cd-85khn","timestamp":"20241203082218","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Severus of Antioch","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Severus_of_Antioch","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q729105","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q729105","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-08-06T19:47:40Z","dateModified":"2024-11-20T18:03:40Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e5\/Severus.jpg","headline":"Patriarch of Antioch"}</script> </body> </html>