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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Koerdistan" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Koerdistan" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Koerdistan" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Staatkunde_en_geografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Staatkunde_en_geografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Staatkunde en geografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Staatkunde_en_geografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bevolking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bevolking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bevolking</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bevolking-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Bevolking-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bevolking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Taal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Taal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eerste_Wereldoorlog_en_interbellum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eerste_Wereldoorlog_en_interbellum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Eerste Wereldoorlog en interbellum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eerste_Wereldoorlog_en_interbellum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Na_1945" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Na_1945"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Na 1945</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Na_1945-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politiek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politiek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politiek</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politiek-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Politiek-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politiek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Irak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Irak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Iran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turkije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turkije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Turkije</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turkije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syrië" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syrië"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Syrië</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syrië-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Koerdistan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 113 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-113" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">113 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koerdistan" title="Koerdistan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koerdistan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdist%C3%A1n" title="Kurdistán – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Kurdistán" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كردستان – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كردستان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curdist%C3%A1n" title="Curdistán – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Curdistán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कुर्दिस्तान – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कुर्दिस्तान" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCrd%C3%BCstan" title="Kürdüstan – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kürdüstan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کوردوستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوردوستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Курдистан – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Курдистан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Курдыстан – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Курдыстан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Кюрдистан – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кюрдистан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="কুর্দিস্তান – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কুর্দিস্তান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%89%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%88%E1%A8%93%E1%A8%8A" title="ᨀᨘᨑᨉᨔᨈᨓᨊ – Buginees" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨀᨘᨑᨉᨔᨈᨓᨊ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%8C" title="Кхурдойчоь – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кхурдойчоь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کوردستان – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کوردستان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdist%C3%A1n" title="Kurdistán – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kurdistán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwrdistan" title="Cwrdistan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cwrdistan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurd%C4%B1stan_(m%C4%B1nt%C4%B1qa)" title="Kurdıstan (mıntıqa) – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kurdıstan (mıntıqa)" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Nedersorbisch" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Nedersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Κουρδιστάν – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κουρδιστάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdio" title="Kurdio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kurdio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdist%C3%A1n" title="Kurdistán – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kurdistán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کردستان – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کردستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koerdistan" title="Koerdistan – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Koerdistan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Chordast%C3%A1in" title="An Chordastáin – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Chordastáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdist%C3%A1n" title="Kurdistán – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kurdistán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Goa Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goa Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD" title="𐌺𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 – Gothisch" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuludiskana" title="Kuludiskana – Hawaïaans" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kuludiskana" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaïaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="כורדיסטן – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כורדיסטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कुर्दिस्तान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कुर्दिस्तान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdiszt%C3%A1n" title="Kurdisztán – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kurdisztán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Քուրդիստան – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քուրդիստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BArdistan" title="Kúrdistan – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kúrdistan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AB%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3" title="クルディスタン – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クルディスタン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdhistan" title="Kurdhistan – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kurdhistan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ქურთისტანი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქურთისტანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Kabylisch" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabylisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Күрдістан – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Күрдістан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%94%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84" title="쿠르디스탄 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쿠르디스탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curdistania" title="Curdistania – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Curdistania" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curdistan" title="Curdistan – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Curdistan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Ligurisch" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ເຄີດິສຖານ – Laotiaans" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຄີດິສຖານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistanas" title="Kurdistanas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kurdistanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdist%C4%81na" title="Kurdistāna – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kurdistāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordist%C3%A0na" title="Kordistàna – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kordistàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurut%C4%81nga" title="Kurutānga – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kurutānga" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Курдистан – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Курдистан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कुर्दिस्तान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कुर्दिस्तान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="کوردستون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کوردستون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="कुर्दिस्तान – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कुर्दिस्तान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curdistan" title="Curdistan – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Curdistan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Курдистан – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Курдистан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਕੁਰਦਿਸਤਾਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁਰਦਿਸਤਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdystan" title="Kurdystan – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kurdystan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کردستان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کردستان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کوردستان – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کوردستان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curdist%C3%A3o" title="Curdistão – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Curdistão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurthisuyu" title="Kurthisuyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kurthisuyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Курдистан – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Курдистан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Sardijns" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardijns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Tashelhiyt" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tashelhiyt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistani" title="Kurdistani – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kurdistani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Курдистан – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Курдистан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Saterfries" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="குர்திசுத்தான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குர்திசுத்தான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Курдистон – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Курдистон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="เคอร์ดิสถาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เคอร์ดิสถาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCrd%C3%BCstan" title="Kürdüstan – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kürdüstan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCrdistan" title="Kürdistan – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kürdistan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Көрдстан – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Көрдстан" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%DB%87%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="كۇردىستان – Oeigoers" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كۇردىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Oeigoers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Курдистан – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Курдистан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کردستان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کردستان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdiston" title="Kurdiston – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kurdiston" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kurdistan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="库尔德斯坦 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="库尔德斯坦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ქურთისტანი – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქურთისტანი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="קורדיסטאן – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קורדיסטאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="庫爾德斯坦 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="庫爾德斯坦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="庫爾德斯坦 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="庫爾德斯坦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coördinaten"><img alt="Coördinaten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/23px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/35px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Internet-web-browser.svg/46px-Internet-web-browser.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=nl&params=37_0_0_N_43_0_0_E_type:country&pagename=Koerdistan">37° 0′ NB, 43° 0′ OL</a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <caption class="notheme" style="font-size:large; margin-bottom:0.5em;"><b>Koerdistan<br />كوردستان</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">Regio in het Midden-Oosten </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <div style="display:grid; grid-template-columns:auto 50%; align-items:center; text-align:center;"> <div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Koerdistan"><img alt="Vlag van Koerdistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/100px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/150px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/200px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Coat_of_arms_of_Kurdistan_Regional_Government.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wapen van Koerdistan"><img alt="Wapen van Koerdistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Coat_of_arms_of_Kurdistan_Regional_Government.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kurdistan_Regional_Government.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Coat_of_arms_of_Kurdistan_Regional_Government.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kurdistan_Regional_Government.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Coat_of_arms_of_Kurdistan_Regional_Government.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_Kurdistan_Regional_Government.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1283" data-file-height="1262" /></a></span></div> <div><small>(<a href="/wiki/Vlag_van_Koerdistan" title="Vlag van Koerdistan">Details</a>)</small></div> <div><small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wapen_van_Koerdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wapen van Koerdistan (de pagina bestaat niet)">Details</a>)</small></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:white; color:inherit;" class="center" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Kurdish-inhabited_area_by_CIA_(1992).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Door Koerden bewoond gebied"><img alt="Door Koerden bewoond gebied" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kurdish-inhabited_area_by_CIA_%281992%29.jpg/260px-Kurdish-inhabited_area_by_CIA_%281992%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kurdish-inhabited_area_by_CIA_%281992%29.jpg/390px-Kurdish-inhabited_area_by_CIA_%281992%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kurdish-inhabited_area_by_CIA_%281992%29.jpg/520px-Kurdish-inhabited_area_by_CIA_%281992%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="982" data-file-height="802" /></a></span><br />Door Koerden bewoond gebied. </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Situering </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Locatie" title="Locatie">Locatie</a> </th> <td>Noordwesten van <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, Noorden en oosten van <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a>, noordoosten van <a href="/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië">Syrië</a>, zuidoosten van <a href="/wiki/Turkije" title="Turkije">Turkije</a>, zuidwesten van <a href="/wiki/Armeni%C3%AB" title="Armenië">Armenië</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Geografische_co%C3%B6rdinaten" title="Geografische coördinaten">Coördinaten</a> </th> <td><span class="coordinates plainlinks"><span id="text_coordinates"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=nl&params=37_33_30.64680_N_43_32_59.29688_E_type:city_scale:25000&pagename=Koerdistan">37°33'30,64680"NB, 43°32'59,29688"OL</a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" colspan="2">Algemeen </th></tr> <tr> <th>Inwoners </th> <td>70 tot 80 miljoen<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Oppervlakte" title="Oppervlakte">Oppervlakte</a> </th> <td>640.456 km² (schatting) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Taal" title="Taal">Taal</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Koerdisch" title="Koerdisch">Koerdisch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Volkeren" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkeren">Volkeren</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Koerden" title="Koerden">Koerden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turken" title="Turken">Turken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabieren" title="Arabieren">Arabieren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmenen" title="Turkmenen">Turkmenen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azeri%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Azeri's">Azeri's</a>,<a href="/wiki/Armeni%C3%ABrs" title="Armeniërs">Armeniërs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aramee%C3%ABrs" title="Arameeërs">Arameeërs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" colspan="2"> <table style="border-collapse:collapse;" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Koerdistan" title="Portaal:Koerdistan">Koerdistan</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Koerdistan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Koerdisch" title="Koerdisch">Koerdisch</a>: كوردستان [letterlijk <a href="/wiki/-stan" title="-stan">land</a> van de <a href="/wiki/Koerden" title="Koerden">Koerden</a>], vroeger <b>Curdia</b>, Latijn: <b>Corduene</b>) is een <a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis" title="Geschiedenis">historisch</a>-<a href="/wiki/Aardrijkskunde" title="Aardrijkskunde">geografische</a> <a href="/wiki/Regio" title="Regio">landstreek</a> in het noordoosten van het <a href="/wiki/Midden-Oosten" title="Midden-Oosten">Midden-Oosten</a> die sinds 1918 verdeeld is over <a href="/wiki/Turkije" title="Turkije">Turkije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kadjaren" title="Kadjaren">Perzië</a> (<a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>), <a href="/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië">Syrië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armeni%C3%AB" title="Armenië">Armenië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> en die voornamelijk bewoond wordt door Koerden met een <a href="/wiki/Aramee%C3%ABrs" title="Arameeërs">Aramese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabieren" title="Arabieren">Arabische</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turken" title="Turken">Turkse</a> en <a href="/wiki/Armeni%C3%ABrs" title="Armeniërs">Armeense</a> minderheid.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In bepaalde Koerdische steden dateert de stedelijke nederzetting uit de prehistorie, vooral <a href="/wiki/Piranshahr" title="Piranshahr">Piranshahr</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> met 8000 jaar stedelijke nederzetting en Arbil<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> met 6000 jaar stedelijke nederzetting. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Staatkunde_en_geografie">Staatkunde en geografie</h2></div> <p>De precieze grenzen zijn niet duidelijk, maar Koerdistan bestaat ongeveer uit <a href="/wiki/Turks-Koerdistan" title="Turks-Koerdistan">Turks-Koerdistan</a> (of Noord-Koerdistan, Bakur) in het zuidoosten van Turkije, <a href="/wiki/Iraaks-Koerdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraaks-Koerdistan">Iraaks-Koerdistan</a> (of Zuid-Koerdistan, Bashur) in noordelijk <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> (<a href="/wiki/Koerdische_Autonome_Regio" title="Koerdische Autonome Regio">Koerdische Autonome Regio</a> en enkele gebieden daarbuiten), <a href="/wiki/Iraans-Koerdistan" title="Iraans-Koerdistan">Iraans-Koerdistan</a> (of Oost-Koerdistan, Rojhelat) in noordwestelijk Iran (vooral <a href="/wiki/West-Azerbeidzjan" title="West-Azerbeidzjan">West-Azerbeidzjan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kordestan" title="Kordestan">Kordestan</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kermanshah_(provincie)" title="Kermanshah (provincie)">Kermanshah</a>), West-Koerdistan (<a href="/wiki/Rojava" title="Rojava">Rojava</a>) in het noordoosten van Syrië en een klein gebied in <a href="/wiki/Armeni%C3%AB" title="Armenië">Armenië</a>. </p><p>Het gebied heeft een geschatte oppervlakte van ongeveer 191.660 km² tot 392.000 km², afhankelijk van welke gebieden ertoe worden gerekend. Het bestaat voornamelijk uit <a href="/wiki/Berg_(aardrijkskunde)" class="mw-redirect" title="Berg (aardrijkskunde)">bergachtige</a> streken (<a href="/wiki/Zagrosgebergte" title="Zagrosgebergte">Zagros-</a> en <a href="/wiki/Taurus_(gebergte)" title="Taurus (gebergte)">Taurusgebergte</a>) en enkele lager gelegen <a href="/wiki/Woestijn" title="Woestijn">woestijnachtige</a> streken. Het gebied wordt bevloeid door de twee grote <a href="/wiki/Rivier" title="Rivier">rivieren</a> <a href="/wiki/Tigris" title="Tigris">Tigris</a> en <a href="/wiki/Eufraat" title="Eufraat">Eufraat</a>. </p><p>Sommige Koerdische nationalistische organisaties streven naar een onafhankelijke staat, bestaande uit enkele of alle van de gebieden met Koerdische meerderheden, terwijl andere organisaties streven naar grotere Koerdische autonomie binnen de bestaande nationale grenzen. Iraaks-Koerdistan kreeg als eerste de <a href="/wiki/Autonomie" title="Autonomie">autonome</a> status in 1970 door een overeenkomst met de Iraakse regering; haar status werd opnieuw bevestigd als een zelfstandige entiteit binnen de federale Iraakse republiek in 2005. Koerden die vechten in de <a href="/wiki/Syrische_Burgeroorlog" title="Syrische Burgeroorlog">Syrische Burgeroorlog</a> waren in staat om de controle over grote delen van het noordoosten van Syrië over te nemen, de gecreëerde de facto autonome regio heet Rojava. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bevolking">Bevolking</h2></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Koerden" title="Koerden">Koerden</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Het gebied is etnisch zeer divers. De grootste groep vormen de Koerden, vandaar de naamgeving. In Turks-Koerdistan leven daarnaast ook grote groepen <a href="/wiki/Turken" title="Turken">Turken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zaza_(volk)" title="Zaza (volk)">Zaza</a> en <a href="/wiki/Turkmenen" title="Turkmenen">Turkmenen</a>. Op het platteland in Zuidoost-Turkije leven ook nog relatief veel <a href="/wiki/Armeni%C3%ABrs" title="Armeniërs">Armeniërs</a> en <a href="/wiki/Aramee%C3%ABrs" title="Arameeërs">Arameeërs</a>. In Syrisch- en Iraaks Koerdistan is er eveneens een grote populatie <a href="/wiki/Turkmenen" title="Turkmenen">Turkmenen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabieren" title="Arabieren">Arabieren</a>, Arameeërs, Armeniërs en kleinere groepen <a href="/wiki/Jezidi%27s" title="Jezidi's">Jezidi's</a>. In Iraans-Koerdistan vormen de <a href="/wiki/Azerbeidzjanen" title="Azerbeidzjanen">Azeri</a> de grootste minderheid en is ook een kleine gemeenschap van <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joden</a> aanwezig. </p><p>Naar schatting zijn er ruim 30 miljoen Koerden, waarvan de meeste in Koerdistan zelf wonen; de overige Koerden wonen verspreid over <a href="/wiki/Azi%C3%AB" title="Azië">Azië</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Staten" title="Verenigde Staten">Verenigde Staten</a> en vooral <a href="/wiki/Europa_(werelddeel)" title="Europa (werelddeel)">Europa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taal">Taal</h3></div> <p>Het <a href="/wiki/Koerdisch" title="Koerdisch">Koerdisch</a> (<i>Kurdî</i>), waarvan meerdere varianten en <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialecten</a> bestaan, is net als het <a href="/wiki/Perzisch" title="Perzisch">Perzisch</a> een <a href="/wiki/Indo-Iraanse_talen" title="Indo-Iraanse talen">Indo-Iraanse taal</a>. Koerden vieren <a href="/wiki/Noroez" title="Noroez">Newroz</a> (het begin van de lente) wat een aanduiding is voor hun <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrisme" title="Zoroastrisme">zoroastrische</a> en <a href="/wiki/Indo-Europeanen" title="Indo-Europeanen">Indo-Europese</a> afkomst. Daarnaast wordt er het <a href="/wiki/Aramees" title="Aramees">Aramees</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armeens" title="Armeens">Armeens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turks" title="Turks">Turks</a> en <a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a> door verschillende minderheden gesproken. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Ancient_Kurdistan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Ancient_Kurdistan.png/270px-Ancient_Kurdistan.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Ancient_Kurdistan.png/405px-Ancient_Kurdistan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Ancient_Kurdistan.png 2x" data-file-width="438" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>Kaart van Koerdistan 1721</figcaption></figure> <p>Uit vondsten in <a href="/wiki/Jarmo" title="Jarmo">Jarmo</a> (Irak) kan men opmaken dat het gebied reeds in het 7e millennium voor Christus bewoond was. De eerste tekenen van een Koerdistan gaan terug naar ongeveer 3000 voor Christus. Het kreeg zijn huidige etnische structuur pas door de Perzische invallen van circa 800 voor Christus.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In de loop der tijd werden de Koerden geïntegreerd in en veroverd door vele volkeren. Het gebied werd in de <a href="/wiki/16e_eeuw" title="16e eeuw">16e eeuw</a> verdeeld tussen het <a href="/wiki/Ottomaanse_Rijk" title="Ottomaanse Rijk">Ottomaanse</a> en het <a href="/wiki/Safawiden" class="mw-redirect" title="Safawiden">Safawidenrijk</a> (1501-1736). In de tijd van de Ottomanen woonden de meeste <a href="/wiki/Koerden" title="Koerden">Koerden</a> in de buurt van <a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r_(stad)" title="Diyarbakır (stad)">Amed</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eerste_Wereldoorlog_en_interbellum">Eerste Wereldoorlog en interbellum</h3></div> <p>Na de val van het Ottomaanse Rijk aan het einde van de <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Wereldoorlog" title="Eerste Wereldoorlog">Eerste Wereldoorlog</a> werd in het <a href="/wiki/Verdrag_van_S%C3%A8vres" title="Verdrag van Sèvres">Verdrag van Sèvres</a>, dat eenzijdig werd opgesteld door de <a href="/wiki/Geallieerden_(Eerste_Wereldoorlog)" title="Geallieerden (Eerste Wereldoorlog)">geallieerden</a> onder leiding van de <a href="/wiki/Engelsen_(volk)" title="Engelsen (volk)">Engelsen</a> en <a href="/wiki/Fransen" title="Fransen">Fransen</a>, de Koerden (en ook andere volkeren zoals de <a href="/wiki/Armeni%C3%ABrs" title="Armeniërs">Armeniërs</a>) een eigen land beloofd. Dit verdrag is echter nooit geaccepteerd door de Turken. <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a> begon een <a href="/wiki/Turkse_Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog" title="Turkse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog">Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog</a> en verjoeg de geallieerden uit het huidige Turkije. De <a href="/wiki/Vrede_van_Lausanne_(1923)" title="Vrede van Lausanne (1923)">Vrede van Lausanne</a> was hiervan het gevolg.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hierin komen de woorden "Koerden", "Koerdistan" of "<a href="/wiki/Koerdisch" title="Koerdisch">Koerdisch</a>" niet voor; alhoewel er veel artikelen waren die over onder meer de Koerden gingen, werden ze niet bij naam genoemd (artikelen 38 t/m 44 waarborgden de rechten van minderheden, maar vooral die van "niet-moslimminderheden"). </p><p>Omdat "Koerd" zeggen - oftewel alles wat ermee te maken had - verboden was, werden Koerden sinds de jaren 1930 officieel "Bergturken" genoemd. Dit leidde tot hevige opstanden zoals de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Opstand_van_Sheik_Said&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opstand van Sheik Said (de pagina bestaat niet)">Opstand van Sheik Said</a> of de <a href="/wiki/Opstand_van_Dersim" title="Opstand van Dersim">Opstand van Dersim</a>. Deze opstanden werden door de Turkse regering allemaal bruut neergeslagen. Door het hele land werden Koerden vervolgd en geëxecuteerd, onder wie ook <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheik_Said_Piran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheik Said Piran (de pagina bestaat niet)">Sheik Said Piran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De aanvoerder van de Opstand van Dersim, <a href="/wiki/Seyid_Riza" title="Seyid Riza">Seyid Riza</a>, werd met andere Koerdische leiders en strijders opgehangen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Na_1945">Na 1945</h3></div> <p>In 1946 riepen Koerden onder leiding van <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Barzani" title="Mustafa Barzani">Mustafa Barzani</a>, gesteund door Russische bezettingstroepen, de <a href="/wiki/Republiek_Mahabad" title="Republiek Mahabad">Republiek Mahabad</a> uit in Noord-Iran. Echter, zodra de <a href="/wiki/Russen_(volk)" title="Russen (volk)">Russen</a> zich terugtrokken maakte het Iraanse leger een einde aan de republiek. Barzani vluchtte naar de Sovjet-Unie, maar mocht na de val van de Iraakse monarchie in 1958 terugkeren naar Irak. Evenwel werden de beloften aan zijn partij KDP voor autonomie voor de Iraakse Koerden niet nagekomen. </p><p>In de jaren 80 begon de <a href="/wiki/PKK" class="mw-redirect" title="PKK">PKK</a> onder leiding van <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Abdullah Öcalan</a> een gewapende strijd voor een onafhankelijk Koerdistan. De strijd heeft al meer dan 30.000 doden gekost maar nog geen Koerdische autonomie opgeleverd. De Koerden in het tegenwoordig Turkije werden voor een groot deel door de <a href="/wiki/Turken" title="Turken">Turken</a> geassimileerd. Veel Koerden uit Turkije (Noord-Koerdistan) kunnen dan ook geen Koerdisch meer spreken. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politiek">Politiek</h2></div> <p>Veel Koerden streven er al sinds het begin van de <a href="/wiki/20e_eeuw" title="20e eeuw">20e eeuw</a> naar om hun volk te verenigen in een onafhankelijke <a href="/wiki/Staat_(politiek)" title="Staat (politiek)">staat</a>. Deze wens domineert de Koerdische <a href="/wiki/Politiek" title="Politiek">politiek</a> in de betrokken landen. Heden ten dage zijn er zowel <a href="/wiki/Pacifisme" title="Pacifisme">pacifistische</a> Koerdische organisaties als Koerden die gewapend strijd voeren met als doel <a href="/wiki/Autonomie" title="Autonomie">autonomie</a> voor Koerdistan. Op 25 september 2017 sprak een niet-bindend <a href="/wiki/Referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="Referendum">referendum</a> zich met ruim 92% voor een onafhankelijk Koerdistan uit.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Irak">Irak</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Autonomous_Region_Kurdistan-en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Autonomous_Region_Kurdistan-en.png/260px-Autonomous_Region_Kurdistan-en.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Autonomous_Region_Kurdistan-en.png/390px-Autonomous_Region_Kurdistan-en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Autonomous_Region_Kurdistan-en.png/520px-Autonomous_Region_Kurdistan-en.png 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="1044" /></a><figcaption>Kaart van Iraaks-Koerdistan.</figcaption></figure> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Koerdische_Autonome_Regio" title="Koerdische Autonome Regio">Koerdische Autonome Regio</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>In het noorden van Irak (Zuid-Koerdistan) hebben de Koerden gedeeltelijke autonomie gekregen, mede dankzij het ineenstorten van het centraal gezag van <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hoessein" title="Saddam Hoessein">Saddam Hoessein</a> tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Irakoorlog" title="Irakoorlog">Irakoorlog</a> (sinds 2003) en de militaire steun geboden door de <a href="/wiki/Multinationale_troepenmacht_in_Irak" title="Multinationale troepenmacht in Irak">Multinationale troepenmacht in Irak</a>. Sedertdien wint Iraaks-Koerdistan geleidelijk aan autonomie, met als belangrijke politieke kwestie de status van de oliestad <a href="/wiki/Kirkoek_(plaats)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kirkoek (plaats)">Kirkoek</a>, die formeel buiten de Koerdische regio valt maar er mogelijk bij aan zal sluiten. Iraaks-Koerdistan heeft de afgelopen jaren wereldwijd diplomatieke banden aangeknoopt, met als een van de belangrijkste landen buurland Turkije. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iran">Iran</h3></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Iraans-Koerdistan" title="Iraans-Koerdistan">Iraans-Koerdistan</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Ook wel <b>Oost-Koerdistan</b> genoemd en omvat het noordwesten van <a href="/wiki/Kordestan" title="Kordestan">Kordestan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kermanshah_(provincie)" title="Kermanshah (provincie)">Kermanshah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilam_(provincie)" title="Ilam (provincie)">Ilam</a> en delen van <a href="/wiki/West-Azerbeidzjan" title="West-Azerbeidzjan">West-Azerbeidzjan</a>. Van de twaalf tot vijftien miljoen Iraanse Koerden is een groot deel <a href="/wiki/Sjiisme" title="Sjiisme">sjiitisch</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turkije">Turkije</h3></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Turks_Koerdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Turks Koerdistan">Turks Koerdistan</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Als gevolg van de staatsgreep van <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a>, waaruit de <a href="/wiki/Turkije" title="Turkije">Republiek Turkije</a> werd uitgeroepen, werd Turkije een <a href="/wiki/Panturkisme" title="Panturkisme">panturkische</a> staat die de rechten van minderheden zoals de Koerden en <a href="/wiki/Aramee%C3%ABrs" title="Arameeërs">Arameeërs</a> niet wilde erkennen. De Koerden werden behandeld als tweederangsburgers. Ze werden "bergturken" genoemd, die werd verboden om het <a href="/wiki/Koerdisch" title="Koerdisch">Koerdisch</a> te spreken en ze mochten zichzelf niet <a href="/wiki/Koerdisch" title="Koerdisch">Koerdisch</a> noemen.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Het taboe op de naam van Koerdistan en de Koerden in de politiek werd begin 21e eeuw doorbroken. De regering van <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a> heeft, mede met het oog op <a href="/wiki/Turkije_en_de_Europese_Unie" title="Turkije en de Europese Unie">Turkse EU-toetreding</a>, hervormingen doorgevoerd ten aanzien van de Koerden. Hoewel de PKK verboden en bestreden blijft, worden andere Turks-Koerdische partijen toegelaten. Door de hoge <a href="/wiki/Kiesdrempel" title="Kiesdrempel">kiesdrempel</a> slagen Koerdische kandidaten er vooralsnog niet in met een partij in het Turkse <a href="/wiki/Parlement" title="Parlement">parlement</a> te komen, maar door als onafhankelijke partij op te komen en na de verkiezingen een <a href="/wiki/Fractie_(politiek)" title="Fractie (politiek)">fractie</a> te vormen in het parlement kunnen Koerden steeds meer deelnemen aan de Turkse politiek. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syrië"><span id="Syri.C3.AB"></span>Syrië</h3></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Rojava" title="Rojava">Rojava</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <p>Tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Syrische_Burgeroorlog" title="Syrische Burgeroorlog">Syrische Burgeroorlog</a> hebben de Syrische Koerden kans gezien om een autonoom gebied te realiseren, genaamd <a href="/wiki/Rojava" title="Rojava">Rojava</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Koerdistan</b> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Vlag </th> <th>Naam </th> <th>Hoofdstad </th> <th>Dialect </th> <th>UTC </th> <th>Status </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/40px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/60px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/80px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turks-Koerdistan" title="Turks-Koerdistan">Turks-Koerdistan</a> (Noord-Koerdistan) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r_(stad)" title="Diyarbakır (stad)">Diyarbakir</a> </td> <td>Kurmancî </td> <td>+3 </td> <td>Geen autonomie </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/40px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/60px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/80px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iraans-Koerdistan" title="Iraans-Koerdistan">Iraans-Koerdistan</a> (Oost-Koerdistan) </td> <td>- </td> <td>Soranî en Pahlavanî </td> <td>+3.30 </td> <td>Geen autonomie </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/80px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Koerdische_Autonome_Regio" title="Koerdische Autonome Regio">Iraaks-Koerdistan</a> (Zuid-Koerdistan) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Erbil_(stad)" title="Erbil (stad)">Erbil</a> </td> <td>Soranî en Pahlavanî </td> <td>+3 </td> <td>Autonome regio </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Rojava.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Rojava.svg/40px-Flag_of_Rojava.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Rojava.svg/60px-Flag_of_Rojava.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Rojava.svg/80px-Flag_of_Rojava.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rojava" title="Rojava">Syrisch-Koerdistan</a> (West-Koerdistan) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ain_Issa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ain Issa (de pagina bestaat niet)">Ain Issa</a> </td> <td>Kurmancî </td> <td>+3 </td> <td>Autonome regio </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2></div> <p>Koerdistan wordt in het voetbal vertegenwoordigd door het <a href="/wiki/Koerdisch_voetbalelftal_(mannen)" title="Koerdisch voetbalelftal (mannen)">Koerdisch voetbalelftal</a>. Het speelt soms internationale wedstrijden. Het team bestaat vooral uit spelers uit de Iraakse Koerdische Autonome Regio. Onder auspiciën van de voetbalbond <a href="/wiki/NF-Board" class="mw-redirect" title="NF-Board">NF-Board</a> bereikten de Koerden tweemaal de finale van het <a href="/wiki/VIVA-wereldkampioenschap_voetbal" title="VIVA-wereldkampioenschap voetbal">VIVA-wereldkampioenschap</a> <a href="/wiki/Voetbal" title="Voetbal">voetbal</a>, waar het zowel in 2009 als in 2010 verloor van <a href="/wiki/Padaniaans_voetbalelftal_(mannen)" title="Padaniaans voetbalelftal (mannen)">Padanië</a>. </p> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111022113/http://assembly.coe.int/Main.asp?link=/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc06/EDOC11006.htm">The cultural situation of the Kurds</a>, Raad van Europa, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190901085129/https://persiadigest.com/en/news/3850/piranshahrs-8000-year-old-artifacts-unearthed">Piranshahr's 8000-year old artifacts unearthed</a>, persiadigest.com, 7 januari 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190222170355/https://newspakistan.tv/8000-years-old-artifacts-unearthed-in-iran/">8,000 years old artifacts unearthed in Iran</a>, newspakistan.tv, 7 januari 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190510142946/https://www.dgkhan.com/8000-years-old-artifacts-unearthed-in-piranshahr/">8,000 years old artifacts unearthed in Piranshahr</a>, dgkhan.com, 7 januari 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/10/world/middleeast/iraq-erbil-citadel.html">After 6,000 Years of Human Habitation, One Family and Lots of Mice</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, 10 oktober 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230309113638/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/10/world/middleeast/iraq-erbil-citadel.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op 9 maart 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Erbil">ERbil</a> in de <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230610134251/https://www.britannica.com/place/Erbil">Gearchiveerd</a> op 10 juni 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ines.es/the-oldest-inhabited-city-of-humanity/">Erbil, the oldest inhabited city</a>, ines.es, 12 juli 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230609205516/https://ines.es/the-oldest-inhabited-city-of-humanity/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 9 juni 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://persiadigest.com/en/news/3850/piranshahrs-8000-year-old-artifacts-unearthed">https://persiadigest.com/en/news/3850/piranshahrs-8000-year-old-artifacts-unearthed</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201106044517/https://persiadigest.com/en/news/3850/piranshahrs-8000-year-old-artifacts-unearthed">Gearchiveerd</a> op 6 november 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://newspakistan.tv/8000-years-old-artifacts-unearthed-in-iran/">https://newspakistan.tv/8000-years-old-artifacts-unearthed-in-iran/</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230306142018/https://newspakistan.tv/8000-years-old-artifacts-unearthed-in-iran/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 6 maart 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190510142946/https://www.dgkhan.com/8000-years-old-artifacts-unearthed-in-piranshahr/">Gearchiveerde kopie</a>. Gearchiveerd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-05-10">10 mei 2019</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-09-01">1 september 2019</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/10/world/middleeast/iraq-erbil-citadel.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/10/world/middleeast/iraq-erbil-citadel.html</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230309113638/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/10/world/middleeast/iraq-erbil-citadel.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op 9 maart 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Arbil">https://www.britannica.com/place/Arbil</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180821150814/https://www.britannica.com/place/Arbil">Gearchiveerd</a> op 21 augustus 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ines.es/the-oldest-inhabited-city-of-humanity/">https://ines.es/the-oldest-inhabited-city-of-humanity/</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230609205516/https://ines.es/the-oldest-inhabited-city-of-humanity/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 9 juni 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://assembly.coe.int/Main.asp?link=/Documents/WorkingDocs/Doc06/EDOC11006.htm">Raad van Europa: The cultural situation of the Kurds</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993-2002) s.v. <i>Koerdistan [geschiedenis]</i>. Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140611094708/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-19783806.html">highbeam.com/...</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101006210933/http://www.kurdmania.com/scheich_said_rebellion.html">kurdmania.com/...</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/4940336/definitieve-uitslag-referendum-bevestigt-wens-onafhankelijk-koerdistan.html">Definitieve uitslag referendum bevestigt wens onafhankelijk Koerdistan</a> NU.nl, 27 september 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230430130340/https://www.nu.nl/buitenland/4940336/definitieve-uitslag-referendum-bevestigt-wens-onafhankelijk-koerdistan.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op 30 april 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/daily/feb99/kurdprofile.htm">Who Are the Kurds?</a>, <i>The Washington Post</i>, februari 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220122043604/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/daily/feb99/kurdprofile.htm">Gearchiveerd</a> op 22 januari 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mediawerkgroepsyrie.wordpress.com/2012/07/19/syrische-leger-draagt-stad-kobani-over-aan-koerdisch-bestuur/">Syrische leger draagt stad Kobani over aan Koerdisch bestuur</a>, Mediawerkgroep Syrië, 19 juli 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230430130338/https://mediawerkgroepsyrie.wordpress.com/2012/07/19/syrische-leger-draagt-stad-kobani-over-aan-koerdisch-bestuur/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 30 april 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210604090619/https://www.aljazeera.com/program/episode/2012/10/13/murat-karayilan-hoping-for-a-kurdish-spring/">Murat Karayilan: Hoping for a Kurdish Spring</a>, Al Jazeera, 13 oktober 2012</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kurdistan#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Kurdistan">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" 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