CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh-hans" lang="zh-hans"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.hrw.org:80/zh-hans/news/2012/09/06","20130212064619","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1360651579"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <title>中国：停止将难民驱逐出境 | Human Rights Watch</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <script type="text/javascript">var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime()</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619js_/http://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"></script> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2012/09/06"/> <meta name="keywords" content="Asia,Burma,China and Tibet,Refugees"/> <meta name="copyright" content="Human Rights Watch"/> <meta name="description" content="（曼谷）- 在致中国外交部的信函中，国际组织人权观察称，2012年8月底中国政府强迫至少4千名克钦族难民返回缅甸北部的战乱地区，这违背了国际法。中国政府在实施强迫驱回之前，并未向自称是难民的克钦人提供确定难民身份的程序。反而中国政府草率断言克钦人不是难民，并继续阻绝联合国难民署给予他们援助。同时中方还毫无根据地宣称缅政府和克钦独立军在克钦邦发生的冲突已“平息”。"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20130212064619cs_/http://www.hrw.org/modules/search/search.css?Y"/> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20130212064619cs_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css_6c83f747c843d88cab2c29d54662b761_0.css"/>   <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20130212064619js_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js_829136510e6e3e9c403b767b4b75aeae_2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <meta name="robots" content="noarchive"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Human Rights Watch - News" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/rss/news"> </head> <body class="hrw not-front not-logged-in page-node node-type-news one-sidebar sidebar-right i18n-zh-hans node-page sidebar-right"> <div id="header"> <div class="limiter clear-block"> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans" class="logo">HRW</a> <div class="right"> <div class="top clear-block"> <div class="i18n"><ul class="links"><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/ar">العربية</a></li><li class="active"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans">中文</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/en">English</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/fr">Français</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/de">Deutsch</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/ja">日本語</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/ru">Русский</a></li><li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/es">Español</a></li><li class="last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/languages">More +</a></li></ul></div> <div class="personas"></div> <div id="sm_links"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.twitter.com/hrw"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/twitter.gif"></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.youtube.com/humanrightswatch"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/youtube.gif"></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.facebook.com/humanrightswatch"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/facebook.gif"></a><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/rss"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/rss.gif"></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="limiter nav clear-block"> <ul class="links"> <li class="first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/home">首页</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news">新闻</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/publications">报告</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/multimedia">多媒体</a></li> <li class="last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/about">关于我们</a></li> </ul> <div class="search"><form action="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/search/apachesolr_search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post" id="search-form" class="search-form"> <div><div class="form-item" id="edit-keys-wrapper"> <label for="edit-keys">输入关键字：</label> <div class="container-inline"><div class="form-item" id="edit-keys-wrapper"> <input type="text" maxlength="255" name="keys" id="edit-keys" size="40" value="" class="form-text"/> </div> <input type="submit" name="op" id="edit-submit-1" value="搜索" class="form-submit"/> </div><div class="form-item" id="edit-apachesolr-search-detach-auto-language-filter-wrapper"> <label class="option" for="edit-apachesolr-search-detach-auto-language-filter"><input type="checkbox" name="apachesolr_search[detach_auto_language_filter]" id="edit-apachesolr-search-detach-auto-language-filter" value="1" class="form-checkbox"/> Search all languages</label> </div> <input type="hidden" name="apachesolr_search[queryvalues]" id="edit-apachesolr-search-queryvalues" value="[]"/> <input type="hidden" name="apachesolr_search[get]" id="edit-apachesolr-search-get" value="[]"/> </div> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" id="form-eb62a2c4f2f7cdd7a94b665d00d3ac50" value="form-eb62a2c4f2f7cdd7a94b665d00d3ac50"/> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" id="edit-search-form" value="search_form"/> </div></form> </div> </div> <div id="subnav" class="limiter clear-block"> <div id="section-title"> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news" title="新闻">新闻</a> </div> <div class="subnav"><ul class="menu"><li class="leaf first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/list/40" title="新闻稿">新闻稿</a></li> <li class="leaf last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/list/41" title="评论">评论</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> <div id="page"> <div class="limiter clear-block"> <div class="sidebar sidebar-right"> <div id="block-views-sidebar-block_2" class="clear-block block block-views"> <div class="bcontent"><div class="view view-sidebar view-id-sidebar view-display-id-block_2 view-dom-id-3"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <div class="views-field-field-copy-image-fid"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://twitter.com/hrw_chinese"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media/images/copy/banner_twitter_chinese2.jpg" width="322" height="61" class="imagefield imagefield-field_copy_image"/></a></span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field-field-copy-image-fid"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://on.fb.me/VpvMS0"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media/images/copy/banner_facebook_chinese2.jpg" width="322" height="61" class="imagefield imagefield-field_copy_image"/></a></span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-field-copy-image-fid"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://hrw.org/zh-hans/node/108134"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media/images/copy/1201_MM_Kachin_1627 small.jpg" width="314" height="209" class="imagefield imagefield-field_copy_image"/></a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-body"> <div class="field-content">缅甸：“诉不尽的苦”图片故事</div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-views-news-block_1" class="clear-block block block-views"> <h6 class="block-title clear-block">最新要闻</h6> <div class="bcontent"><div class="view view-news view-id-news view-display-id-block_1 view-block-latest-news view-dom-id-4"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2013/01/31/2013">2013世界人权报告：阿拉伯之春后的人权挑战</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-news-subtitle-value"> <span class="field-content">如何建立尊重人权的民主体制取代专制独裁</span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">1月 31, 2013</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2013/01/31">中国：政府压制不断增长的人权诉求</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-news-subtitle-value"> <span class="field-content">社会紧张升高；持续使用重刑、任意拘押</span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">1月 31, 2013</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2013/01/15">厄立特里亚：矿业投资者恐涉及强迫劳动</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-news-subtitle-value"> <span class="field-content">遭遇相关争议的一家加拿大业者处理失当</span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">1月 15, 2013</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-4 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2013/01/08">中国：劳教制度应彻底废除</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-news-subtitle-value"> <span class="field-content">官方宣布“停用”释择善而从迹象</span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">1月 8, 2013</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-5 views-row-odd"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2013/01/04">中国：网管加严导致寒蝉效应</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-news-subtitle-value"> <span class="field-content">网络匿名与隐私权再遇挑战</span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">1月 4, 2013</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-6 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2012/12/19/12">中国：12人荣获著名言论自由奖项</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-news-subtitle-value"> <span class="field-content">赫尔曼・哈米特奖表扬遭受迫害的作家</span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">12月 19, 2012</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-7 views-row-odd"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2012/12/11-0">苏丹：平民描述遭袭击的伤亡情况</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-news-subtitle-value"> <span class="field-content">阿盟和联合国应寻求人权调查</span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">12月 11, 2012</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-8 views-row-even views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2012/12/10-2">帝国大厦向人权观察致敬</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-news-subtitle-value"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">12月 10, 2012</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="more-link"> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/list/all">更多新闻 »</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-views-sidebar-block_1" class="clear-block block block-views"> <div class="bcontent"><div class="view view-sidebar view-id-sidebar view-display-id-block_1 view-dom-id-5"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-body"> <div class="field-content"><script charset="utf-8" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619js_/http://widgets.twimg.com/j/2/widget.js"></script> <script> new TWTR.Widget({ version: 2, type: 'profile', rpp: 2, interval: 30000, width: 322, height: 300, theme: { shell: { background: '#999999', color: '#ffffff' }, tweets: { background: '#ffffff', color: '#42210a', links: '#0270b5' } }, features: { scrollbar: false, loop: false, live: false, behavior: 'all' } }).render().setUser('hrw_chinese').start(); </script></div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main" class="clear-block"> <div class="page-tools"> <div class="clear-block"> <ul class="links inline"><li class="node_translation_en first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/09/06/china-stop-expelling-refugees" title="China: Stop Expelling Refugees" class="translation-link"><div class="label">Available in: </div> English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ja"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/ja/news/2012/09/06-0" title="中国：難民の送還を停止せよ" class="translation-link">日本語</a></li> <li class="print_html"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/print/news/2012/09/06" title="Display a printer-friendly version of this page." class="print-page" rel="nofollow">Print</a></li> <li class="share last"><span><div class="popup-links"><span class="popup-trigger">与朋友分享</span><ul class="links"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&t=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Share on Facebook." class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/facebook.png" width="16" height="16"/> Facebook</a></li> <li class="service-links-linkedin"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83&summary=%EF%BC%88%E6%9B%BC%E8%B0%B7%EF%BC%89-+%E5%9C%A8%E8%87%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8%E7%9A%84%E4%BF%A1%E5%87%BD%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E4%BA%BA%E6%9D%83%E8%A7%82%E5%AF%9F%E7%A7%B0%EF%BC%8C2012%E5%B9%B48%E6%9C%88%E5%BA%95%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%BC%BA%E8%BF%AB%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%914%E5%8D%83%E5%90%8D%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E6%97%8F%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8%E5%8C%97%E9%83%A8%E7%9A%84%E6%88%98%E4%B9%B1%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%EF%BC%8C%E8%BF%99%E8%BF%9D%E8%83%8C%E4%BA%86%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%B3%95%E3%80%82%0D%0A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%9C%A8%E5%AE%9E%E6%96%BD%E5%BC%BA%E8%BF%AB%E9%A9%B1%E5%9B%9E%E4%B9%8B%E5%89%8D%EF%BC%8C%E5%B9%B6%E6%9C%AA%E5%90%91%E8%87%AA%E7%A7%B0%E6%98%AF%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E7%9A%84%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E4%BA%BA%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E7%A1%AE%E5%AE%9A%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E3%80%82%E5%8F%8D%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%8D%89%E7%8E%87%E6%96%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%AF%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%EF%BC%8C%E5%B9%B6%E7%BB%A7%E7%BB%AD%E9%98%BB%E7%BB%9D%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%B2%E7%BB%99%E4%BA%88%E4%BB%96%E4%BB%AC%E6%8F%B4%E5%8A%A9%E3%80%82%E5%90%8C%E6%97%B6%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B9%E8%BF%98%E6%AF%AB%E6%97%A0%E6%A0%B9%E6%8D%AE%E5%9C%B0%E5%AE%A3%E7%A7%B0%E7%BC%85%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%92%8C%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%86%9B%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E5%B7%B2%E2%80%9C%E5%B9%B3%E6%81%AF%E2%80%9D%E3%80%82&source=Human+Rights+Watch" title="Publish this post to LinkedIn" class="service-links-linkedin" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/linkedin.png" width="16" height="16"/> LinkedIn</a></li> <li class="service-links-printmail"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/printmail/news/2012/09/06" title="Send to a friend" class="service-links-printmail" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/icons/mail.png" width="21" height="22"/> Email</a></li> <li class="service-links-reddit"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://reddit.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Submit this post on reddit.com." class="service-links-reddit" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/reddit.png" width="16" height="16"/> Reddit</a></li> <li class="service-links-stumbleupon"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Thumb this up at StumbleUpon" class="service-links-stumbleupon" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/stumbleit.png" width="16" height="16"/> StumbleUpon</a></li> <li class="service-links-twitter"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&text=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Share this on Twitter" class="service-links-twitter" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/twitter.png" width="16" height="16"/> Twitter</a></li> <li class="service-links-tic-google-plus-one"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/https://plusone.google.com/_/+1/confirm?hl=en&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06" title="Publicly recommend on Google +" class="service-links-tic-google-plus-one" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/google_plus_one.png" width="16" height="16"/> Google +</a></li> <li class="service-links-tumblr last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.tumblr.com/share/link?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&name=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Share on Tumblr" class="service-links-tumblr" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/tumblr.png" width="16" height="16"/> Tumblr</a></li> </ul></div></span></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="content" class="clear-block"> <div class="node clear-block node-page ntype-news"> <div class="header"> <h6 class="node-title"> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2012/09/06" title="中国：停止将难民驱逐出境">中国：停止将难民驱逐出境</a> </h6> </div> <h6 class="node-subtitle">强迫克钦人返回缅甸违反国际法</h6> <div class="info"> <div class="meta date"> <span class="created">2012年09月06年</span> </div> </div> <div class="content clear-block filter-text"> <div class="widget-links"><ul class="widget-list"><li class="service-links-twitter-widget first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&count=horizontal&via=&text=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83&counturl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06" class="twitter-share-button service-links-twitter-widget" title="Tweet This" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Tweet Widget</span></a></li> <li class="service-links-facebook-like"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&layout=button_count&show_faces=false&action=like&colorscheme=light&width=90&height=21&font=&locale=" title="I Like it" class="service-links-facebook-like" rel="nofollow"><span style="display:none;">Facebook Like</span></a></li> <li class="service-links-printmail last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/printmail/news/2012/09/06" title="Send to a friend" class="service-links-printmail" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/icons/mail.png" width="21" height="22"/> Email</a></li> </ul></div><div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-related-images"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="view view-nodereference-related-images view-id-nodereference_related_images view-display-id-block_2 view-dom-id-1"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-field-imagefile-fid"> <span class="field-content"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media/images/photographs/burma_yunnan_04.JPG" rel="lightbox[field_imagefile][<p>云南一处露天工业用地成了几百名克钦族难民的栖身之处。难民白天需要从事临时工、寻找粮食和药品，所以白天人数寥寥无几。</p>]" class="imagefield imagefield-lightbox2 imagefield-lightbox2-scale-300x imagefield-field_imagefile imagecache imagecache-field_imagefile imagecache-scale-300x imagecache-field_imagefile-scale-300x"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/imagecache/scale-300x/media/images/photographs/burma_yunnan_04.JPG"/></a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-field-image-caption-value"> <div class="field-content"><div><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/media/images/photographs/burma_yunnan_04.JPG" rel="lightbox[field_imagefile]" class="image-enlarge">Enlarge</a></div> <p>云南一处露天工业用地成了几百名克钦族难民的栖身之处。难民白天需要从事临时工、寻找粮食和药品，所以白天人数寥寥无几。 </p></div> </div> <div class="views-field-field-copyright-value"> <span class="field-content">© 2012 人权观察</span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fieldgroup group-news-additional"> <div class="content"><div class="field field-type-filefield field-field-upload-file"> <div class="field-label">Downloadable Resources: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="filefield-file"><img class="filefield-icon field-icon-application-pdf" alt="application/pdf icon" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/filefield/icons/application-pdf.png"/><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/related_material/Kachin pushbacks letter to Chinese FM August 2012 Final SR_1.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=95727" title="Kachin pushbacks letter to Chinese FM August 2012 Final SR.pdf">China: Letter Regarding the Forced Return of Kachin Refugees from Yunnan Province</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-nodereference field-field-related-content"> <div class="field-label">相关资料: </div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <div class="view view-reference-views-formatter view-id-reference_views_formatter view-display-id-reference_field_1 news-related-materials view-dom-id-2"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2012/03/20-0">缅甸：克钦邦未受益于改革</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">三月, 2012</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-2 views-row-even"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/reports/2012/06/26">孤立无援</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">六月, 2012</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content"></span> </div> </li> <li class="views-row views-row-3 views-row-odd views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news/2012/06/25-0">中国/缅甸：克钦族难民缺乏援助、面临虐待</a></span> </div> <div class="views-field-created"> <span class="field-content">六月, 2012</span> </div> <div class="views-field-tid"> <span class="field-content">声明</span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fieldgroup group-pullquote"> <div class="content"><div class="field field-type-text field-field-news-pullquote"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> <p>中国政府非但不尊重国际法中关于难民的相关条款，中方似乎还试图改写这些条文。鉴于中国将在未来几年内建立自己的确定难民身份的程序，国际标准亟需得到捍卫，而非不予理会。</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-type-text field-field-news-pullquote-author"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item odd"> 难民部主任比尔•菲力克(Bill Frelick) </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="node-body"><p>（曼谷）- 在致中国外交部的<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/node/109952">信函</a>中，国际组织人权观察称，2012年8月底中国政府强迫至少4千名克钦族难民返回<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/burma">缅甸</a>北部的战乱地区，这违背了国际法。</p> <p>中国政府在实施强迫驱回之前，并未向自称是难民的克钦人提供确定难民身份的程序。反而中国政府草率断言克钦人不是难民，并继续阻绝联合国难民署给予他们援助。同时中方还毫无根据地宣称缅政府和克钦独立军在克钦邦发生的冲突已“平息”。</p> <p>“中方非但不尊重国际法中关于难民的相关条款，中国政府似乎还试图改写这些条文。”难民部门主任<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/bios/bill-frelick">比尔•菲力克</a>说“鉴于<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/asia/china">中国</a>将在未来几年内建立自己的确定难民身份的程序，国际标准亟需得到捍卫，而不是被忽略。”</p> <p>人权观察敦促中国政府遵守国际法，确保克钦族难民不会被强迫驱回缅甸，并向他们开放人道主义援助通道。中方政府还须允许由联合国难民署来确定难民身份，或设立符合国际法的自行评估程序。</p> <p><strong>背景</strong></p> <p>缅甸军队和克钦独立军于2011年6月在缅甸北部克钦邦，中国投建的一处水电大坝附近爆发敌对行动。此一战斗结束了缅甸和克钦独立组织之间长达17年的停火协议，并导致超过7万5千名克钦人流离失所。缅甸军队迫使成千上万的平民离开家园，逃往缅境内克钦独立组织或政府控制的地区以及中国。人权观察已<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/reports/2012/03/20/untold-miseries">纪录</a>在案：自2011年6月起缅军开始对克钦村庄进行袭击，把村庄夷为平地并抢夺财物。缅甸士兵在进行审问时威胁虐待平民、强奸克钦族妇女、使用杀伤人员地雷、以及在前线强征劳动力，其中包括年仅14岁的儿童。</p> <p>流离失所的克钦人在缅甸和中国都得不到足够的保护。人权观察在去年记录了几起中国当局驱回难民（强迫返回）的案例，包括两次中国政府勒令估约300名克钦难民返回缅甸。自战争开始以来，中国当局屡次将寻求庇护的克钦人拒之于边境之外，并强迫他们返回战乱地区。</p> <p>人权观察之所以认为2011年6月以来进入中国的克钦人可被称为“难民”，是由于他们都是因克钦邦的军事冲突和人权侵犯而逃离故土的，回到克钦邦将对他们的生命造成严重的威胁。中国是<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49da0e466.html">1951年难民公约</a>和1967年议定书的缔约国，另外还签署了其他国际人权条约，包括禁止成员国“以任何手段”强迫难民返回那些由于他们的“种族、宗教信仰、国籍以及持特定社会和政治观点”会对他们的“生命和自由”产生威胁的地方。不驱回原则是对难民进行保护的基础，这也是中国对难民所具有的法律义务之根本。</p> </div><div class="translation-links"><div class="label">Also available in:</div> <ul class="translation-list"><li class="node_translation_en first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/news/2012/09/06/china-stop-expelling-refugees" title="China: Stop Expelling Refugees" class="translation-link">English</a></li> <li class="node_translation_ja last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/ja/news/2012/09/06-0" title="中国：難民の送還を停止せよ" class="translation-link">日本語</a></li> </ul></div><div class="service-links"><div class="service-label">Share </div><ul class="links"><li class="service-links-facebook first"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&t=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Share on Facebook." class="service-links-facebook" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/facebook.png" width="16" height="16"/> Facebook</a></li> <li class="service-links-linkedin"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83&summary=%EF%BC%88%E6%9B%BC%E8%B0%B7%EF%BC%89-+%E5%9C%A8%E8%87%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8%E7%9A%84%E4%BF%A1%E5%87%BD%E4%B8%AD%EF%BC%8C%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E4%BA%BA%E6%9D%83%E8%A7%82%E5%AF%9F%E7%A7%B0%EF%BC%8C2012%E5%B9%B48%E6%9C%88%E5%BA%95%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%BC%BA%E8%BF%AB%E8%87%B3%E5%B0%914%E5%8D%83%E5%90%8D%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E6%97%8F%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8%E5%8C%97%E9%83%A8%E7%9A%84%E6%88%98%E4%B9%B1%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%EF%BC%8C%E8%BF%99%E8%BF%9D%E8%83%8C%E4%BA%86%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%B3%95%E3%80%82%0D%0A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%9C%A8%E5%AE%9E%E6%96%BD%E5%BC%BA%E8%BF%AB%E9%A9%B1%E5%9B%9E%E4%B9%8B%E5%89%8D%EF%BC%8C%E5%B9%B6%E6%9C%AA%E5%90%91%E8%87%AA%E7%A7%B0%E6%98%AF%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E7%9A%84%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E4%BA%BA%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E7%A1%AE%E5%AE%9A%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E3%80%82%E5%8F%8D%E8%80%8C%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%8D%89%E7%8E%87%E6%96%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%8D%E6%98%AF%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%EF%BC%8C%E5%B9%B6%E7%BB%A7%E7%BB%AD%E9%98%BB%E7%BB%9D%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%B2%E7%BB%99%E4%BA%88%E4%BB%96%E4%BB%AC%E6%8F%B4%E5%8A%A9%E3%80%82%E5%90%8C%E6%97%B6%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B9%E8%BF%98%E6%AF%AB%E6%97%A0%E6%A0%B9%E6%8D%AE%E5%9C%B0%E5%AE%A3%E7%A7%B0%E7%BC%85%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%92%8C%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%86%9B%E5%9C%A8%E5%85%8B%E9%92%A6%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%91%E7%94%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81%E5%B7%B2%E2%80%9C%E5%B9%B3%E6%81%AF%E2%80%9D%E3%80%82&source=Human+Rights+Watch" title="Publish this post to LinkedIn" class="service-links-linkedin" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/linkedin.png" width="16" height="16"/> LinkedIn</a></li> <li class="service-links-printmail"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/printmail/news/2012/09/06" title="Send to a friend" class="service-links-printmail" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/themes/hrw/images/icons/mail.png" width="21" height="22"/> Email</a></li> <li class="service-links-reddit"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://reddit.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Submit this post on reddit.com." class="service-links-reddit" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/reddit.png" width="16" height="16"/> Reddit</a></li> <li class="service-links-stumbleupon"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Thumb this up at StumbleUpon" class="service-links-stumbleupon" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/stumbleit.png" width="16" height="16"/> StumbleUpon</a></li> <li class="service-links-twitter"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&text=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Share this on Twitter" class="service-links-twitter" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/twitter.png" width="16" height="16"/> Twitter</a></li> <li class="service-links-tic-google-plus-one"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/https://plusone.google.com/_/+1/confirm?hl=en&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06" title="Publicly recommend on Google +" class="service-links-tic-google-plus-one" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/google_plus_one.png" width="16" height="16"/> Google +</a></li> <li class="service-links-tumblr last"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://www.tumblr.com/share/link?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fzh-hans%2Fnews%2F2012%2F09%2F06&name=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%9A%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2%E5%B0%86%E9%9A%BE%E6%B0%91%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E5%87%BA%E5%A2%83" title="Share on Tumblr" class="service-links-tumblr" rel="nofollow"><img src="/web/20130212064619im_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/all/modules/contrib/service_links/images/tumblr.png" width="16" height="16"/> Tumblr</a></li> </ul></div><div class="news-terms"><div class="label">More reporting on:</div> <ul class="news-term-list"><li class="taxonomy_term_9 first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/asia">亚洲,</a></li> <li class="taxonomy_term_135"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/burma">缅甸,</a></li> <li class="taxonomy_term_137"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/asia/china">中国和西藏,</a></li> <li class="taxonomy_term_677 last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/refugees">难民</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer"> <div class="limiter clear-block"> <div class="clear-block"><a href="#header" class="back-to-top">Back to top</a></div> <div class="nav"> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/rss" class="rss-link">RSS</a> <div class="pipe-links"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/home">首页</a> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/news">新闻</a> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/publications">报告</a> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/multimedia">多媒体</a> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/about">关于我们</a> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/contact">Contact Us</a> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/http://ff.hrw.org/">Film Festival</a></div> </div> <div class="footer-blocks clear-block"> <div id="block-views-hrw_footer-block_1" class="clear-block block block-views"> <div class="bcontent"><div class="view view-hrw-footer view-id-hrw_footer view-display-id-block_1 view-dom-id-6"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field-body"> <div class="field-content">人权观察<br/> 纽约总部<br/> 地址：350 Fifth Avenue, 34th Floor<br/> New York, NY 10118-329<br/> USA电话：1-(212) 290-4700</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-tic-5" class="clear-block block block-tic"> <div class="bcontent"><div class="col-left clear-block"><strong class="vocab-header"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/regions">分类 - 地区</a></strong><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/africa">非洲</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/americas">美洲</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/asia">亚洲</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/europe/central-asia">欧洲和中亚</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/middle-east/n-africa">中东和北非</a></li> <li class="last last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/united-states">美国</a></li> </ul></div><strong class="vocab-header"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/browse_by_country">分类 - 国家</a></strong></div><div class="col-right clear-block"><strong class="vocab-header"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topics">分类 - 主题</a></strong><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/arms">武器</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/business">商业</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/childrens-rights">儿童权利</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/counterterrorism">反恐</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/disability-rights">残疾人权利</a></li> <li class="last last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/environment">环境</a></li> </ul></div><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/esc-rights">经济、社会和文化权利</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/free-speech">Free Speech</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/health">健康</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/international-justice">国际司法</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/lgbt-rights">同性恋者、双性恋者及变性者权利</a></li> <li class="last last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/migration">Migration</a></li> </ul></div><div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first first"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/refugees">难民</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/terrorism">恐怖主义</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/torture">酷刑</a></li> <li class=""><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/united-nations">联合国</a></li> <li class="last last"><a href="/web/20130212064619/http://www.hrw.org/zh-hans/topic/womens-rights">妇女权利</a></li> </ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="sub-footer"> <div class="limiter clear-block"> <div class="pipe-links"></div> <div class="footer-message"> © Copyright 2013, Human Rights Watch </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var _sf_async_config=Drupal.settings.chartbeat; (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('language', 'javascript'); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('src', (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20130212064619/https://s3.amazonaws.com/" : "http://") + "static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js"); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20130212064619js_/http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js_fb159dffecff87923d54d37d385ca2fa_0.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> </body> </html>