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.infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="color: #202122;background-color: #E6E8FA; font-size: 125%;">"Madame George"</th></tr><tr class="description"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header description" style="color: #202122;background-color: #E6E8FA;"><a href="/wiki/Song" title="Song">Song</a> by <a href="/wiki/Van_Morrison" title="Van Morrison">Van Morrison</a></th></tr><tr class="description"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header description" style="color: #202122;background-color: #E6E8FA;">from the album <i> <a href="/wiki/Astral_Weeks" title="Astral Weeks">Astral Weeks</a> </i></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Released</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist">November 1968<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1968-11</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Recorded</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist">25 September 1968</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Music_genre" title="Music genre">Genre</a></th><td class="infobox-data category hlist"><a href="/wiki/Folk_rock" title="Folk rock">Folk rock</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"><span class="duration"><span class="min">9</span>:<span class="s">45</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">Label</a></th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Bros. Records">Warner Bros.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Songwriter" title="Songwriter">Songwriter(s)</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data hlist">Van Morrison</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Record_producer" title="Record producer">Producer(s)</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Merenstein" title="Lewis Merenstein">Lewis Merenstein</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header description" style="color: #202122;background-color: #E6E8FA;"><i><a href="/wiki/Astral_Weeks" title="Astral Weeks">Astral Weeks</a></i> <span class="nowrap">track listing</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">8 tracks</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ol><li>"<a href="/wiki/Astral_Weeks_(song)" title="Astral Weeks (song)">Astral Weeks</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Beside_You_(Van_Morrison_song)" title="Beside You (Van Morrison song)">Beside You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sweet_Thing_(Van_Morrison_song)" title="Sweet Thing (Van Morrison song)">Sweet Thing</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Avenue" title="Cyprus Avenue">Cyprus Avenue</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Way_Young_Lovers_Do" title="The Way Young Lovers Do">The Way Young Lovers Do</a>"</li> <li>"<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madame George</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ballerina_(Van_Morrison_song)" title="Ballerina (Van Morrison song)">Ballerina</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Slim_Slow_Slider" title="Slim Slow Slider">Slim Slow Slider</a>"</li></ol></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>"<b>Madame George</b>" is a song by Northern Irish singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Van_Morrison" title="Van Morrison">Van Morrison</a>. It appears on the album <i><a href="/wiki/Astral_Weeks" title="Astral Weeks">Astral Weeks</a></i>, released in 1968. The song features Morrison performing the vocals and acoustic guitar. It also features a double bass, flute, drums, <a href="/wiki/Vibraphone" title="Vibraphone">vibraphone</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/String_quartet" title="String quartet">string quartet</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recording_and_composition">Recording and composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Recording and composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Madame George" was recorded during the first <i>Astral Weeks</i> session that took place on 25 September 1968, at Century Sound Studios in New York City with <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Merenstein" title="Lewis Merenstein">Lewis Merenstein</a> as producer.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main theme of the song is contentious. Some believe it is about leaving the past behind. The character of Madame George is considered by many to be a <a href="/wiki/Drag_queen" title="Drag queen">drag queen</a>, although Morrison himself denied this in a <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i> interview.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later claimed that the character was based on six or seven different people: "It's like a movie, a sketch, or a short story. In fact, most of the songs on <i>Astral Weeks</i> are like short stories. In terms of what they mean, they're as baffling to me as to anyone else. I haven't got a clue what that song is about or who <i>Madame George</i> might have been."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Van Morrison, speaking to biographer <a href="/wiki/Ritchie_Yorke" title="Ritchie Yorke">Ritchie Yorke</a> about the writing and meaning of the song, said in part: </p> <blockquote><p>"Madame George" was recorded live. The vocal was live and the rhythm section and the flute too and the strings were the only overdub. The title of the song confuses one, I must say that. The original title was "Madame Joy" but the way I wrote it down was "Madame George". Don't ask me why I do this because I just don't know. The song is just a stream of consciousness thing, as is "<a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Avenue" title="Cyprus Avenue">Cyprus Avenue</a>"..."Madame George" just came right out. The song is basically about a spiritual feeling.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>An earlier recording with slightly altered lyrics and a much swifter tempo changes the tone considerably from the <i>Astral Weeks</i> recording, which is downbeat and nostalgic; the earlier recording is joyous, and seems to be from the point of view of a partygoer who sees the titular character. This version surfaced on the 1973 release <i><a href="/wiki/T.B._Sheets_(album)" title="T.B. Sheets (album)">T.B. Sheets</a></i>, which compiled unreleased recordings Morrison had made for <a href="/wiki/Bang_Records" title="Bang Records">Bang Records</a> in 1967. </p><p>This song contains a number of references to places and events in Van Morrison's native <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Avenue" title="Cyprus Avenue">Cyprus Avenue</a> (also the title of another song on <a href="/wiki/Astral_Weeks" title="Astral Weeks">Astral Weeks</a>) is a tree lined, up-market residential street in east Belfast; "throwing pennies at the bridges down below" was a practice of Northern Irish Unionists as they travelled on the train from <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a> to <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> where the train crossed the River Boyne (site of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Boyne" title="Battle of the Boyne">Battle of the Boyne</a>, 1690); the train from Dublin arrived in Belfast at one end of <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Row" title="Sandy Row">Sandy Row</a>, a working class staunchly Unionist/Protestant street and neighbourhood. Fitzroy may be a reference to Fitzroy Avenue, a narrow residential street in Belfast between the <a href="/wiki/Ormeau_Road" title="Ormeau Road">Ormeau Road</a> and Rugby Road. </p><p>Comedian <a href="/wiki/Frankie_Boyle" title="Frankie Boyle">Frankie Boyle</a> suggested it was a song about Van Morrison's mother in a video on <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>. This is suggested by the line "With a childlike vision leaping into view Clicking, clacking of the high heeled shoe." Boyle suggests this is a child walking behind his mother down the street. This, according to Boyle is why Van Morrison is so miserable, as no one understands what he is saying. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The rock journalist <a href="/wiki/Lester_Bangs" title="Lester Bangs">Lester Bangs</a> wrote in 1979 that the song "is the album's whirlpool. Possibly one of the most compassionate pieces of music ever made, it asks us, no, arranges that we see the plight of what I'll be brutal and call a lovelorn drag queen with such intense empathy that when the singer hurts him, we do too." Bangs also remarks that "Morrison has said in at least one interview that the song has nothing to do with any kind of transvestite – at least as far as he knows, he is quick to add – but that's bullshit."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indeed, the lyrics contain the lines "In the corner playing dominoes in drag/The one and only Madame George". </p><p>Artist <a href="/wiki/Mark_Wallinger" title="Mark Wallinger">Mark Wallinger</a> said of "Madame George": "The sense of desire and loss expressed in this song is so sad because it dares one to try to hear it again as if for the first time. It describes our exile from our past. Radical, allusive, heartbreaking, and the ultimate three-chord trick."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1974, after he had recorded eight albums, Morrison told <a href="/wiki/Ritchie_Yorke" title="Ritchie Yorke">Ritchie Yorke</a> when he asked him what he considered his finest single track and the one that he enjoyed the most that it was: "Definitely 'Madame George', definitely. I'm just starting to realize it more and more. It just seems to get at you... it just lays right in there, that whole track. The vocals and the instruments and the whole thing. I like that one."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Always a favorite of <a href="/wiki/Rock_critic" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock critic">rock critics</a>, "Madame George" is one of <a href="/wiki/The_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame%27s_500_Songs_that_Shaped_Rock_and_Roll" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll">The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll</a> and it was listed as No. 467 on the All Time 885 Greatest Songs compiled in 2004 by <a href="/wiki/WXPN" title="WXPN">WXPN</a> (88.5 FM) from listener's votes<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and No. 356 in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Madame George appears in the "Black Boys on Mopeds" lyrics of <a href="/wiki/Sin%C3%A9ad_O%27Connor" title="Sinéad O'Connor">Sinéad O'Connor</a>: "England's not the mythical land of Madame George and roses" suggesting that she is a legendary figure. <a href="/wiki/David_Gray_(British_musician)" title="David Gray (British musician)">David Gray</a> pays tribute to the song on the final track of his album <i><a href="/wiki/White_Ladder" title="White Ladder">White Ladder</a></i>, with his cover version of the <a href="/wiki/Soft_Cell" title="Soft Cell">Soft Cell</a> song, "<a href="/wiki/Say_Hello,_Wave_Goodbye" title="Say Hello, Wave Goodbye">Say Hello, Wave Goodbye</a>", which ends similarly and even borrows lyrics "Through the rain, hail, sleet and snow, say goodbye. Get on the train, the train and say goodbye". In <a href="/wiki/David_A._Stewart" class="mw-redirect" title="David A. Stewart">David A. Stewart</a> and the Spiritual Cowboy's song "Out of Reach", from the album <i>Honest</i>, there is a line that goes: "Madame George got played today, she almost forgot she could feel that way". Although not a direct imitation, the riff that the string quartet repeats at the end of the song is mimicked at the end of <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Born_to_Run_(Bruce_Springsteen_song)" title="Born to Run (Bruce Springsteen song)">Born to Run</a>" (one of several indicators that Morrison had great influence on Springsteen), confirmed by Springsteen himself on <a href="/wiki/Desert_Island_Discs" title="Desert Island Discs">Desert Island Discs</a> talking to <a href="/wiki/Kirsty_Young" title="Kirsty Young">Kirsty Young</a>. The American rock band <a href="/wiki/Hat_On,_Drinking_Wine" title="Hat On, Drinking Wine">Hat On, Drinking Wine</a> takes their name from a lyric from the song: "He's much older now/With hat on, drinking wine." </p><p>When singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Joan_Armatrading" title="Joan Armatrading">Joan Armatrading</a> appeared on <a href="/wiki/Desert_Island_Discs" title="Desert Island Discs">Desert Island Discs</a> talking to <a href="/wiki/Sue_Lawley" title="Sue Lawley">Sue Lawley</a> on 29 January 1989, "Madame George" was selected as one of the eight records she would like to take to her desert island, and also as the one favoured record she would most want to save if the other seven were lost.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Singer/songwriter <a href="/wiki/Harry_Styles" title="Harry Styles">Harry Styles</a> has cited it as one of his favorite songs, and <a href="/wiki/Astral_Weeks" title="Astral Weeks">Astral Weeks</a> as his favorite album.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is included on the soundtrack of the Steve McQueen thriller “Widows” 2018. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_releases">Other releases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Other releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Madame George" was featured on Morrison's album <i><a href="/wiki/Astral_Weeks_Live_at_the_Hollywood_Bowl" title="Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl">Astral Weeks Live at the Hollywood Bowl</a></i>, released in 2009 to celebrate forty years since <i>Astral Weeks</i> was first released. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Covers">Covers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Covers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull" title="Marianne Faithfull">Marianne Faithfull</a> performed this song on the 1994 Van Morrison tribute album <i><a href="/wiki/No_Prima_Donna:_The_Songs_of_Van_Morrison" title="No Prima Donna: The Songs of Van Morrison">No Prima Donna: The Songs of Van Morrison</a></i>. Faithfull's version also plays over the closing credits of Dagmar Hirtz's film <i>Moondance</i> (1995). Faithfull's version of the song was also released as a single in 1994, with Morrison's "<a href="/wiki/Queen_of_the_Slipstream" title="Queen of the Slipstream">Queen of the Slipstream</a>" as the <a href="/wiki/B-side" class="mw-redirect" title="B-side">B-side</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Buckley" title="Jeff Buckley">Jeff Buckley</a> recorded a cover version of this song.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Orchard" title="Energy Orchard">Energy Orchard</a> covered "Madame George" on their 1993 album, <i><a href="/wiki/Shinola_(Energy_Orchard_album)" title="Shinola (Energy Orchard album)">Shinola</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Snow_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoebe Snow (musician)">Phoebe Snow</a> covered "Madame George" on her 1998 album <i>I Can't Complain</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Bell" title="Eric Bell">Eric Bell</a> released a live cover of the song on his album <i>Live Tonite...Plus!</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Ursula Burns<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Morrison" title="Van Morrison">Van Morrison</a> – vocals, <a href="/wiki/Steel-string_acoustic_guitar" title="Steel-string acoustic guitar">acoustic guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Davis_(double_bassist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Davis (double bassist)">Richard Davis</a> – double bass</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Kay" title="Connie Kay">Connie Kay</a> – drums</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Payne_(musician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Payne (musician) (page does not exist)">John Payne</a> – flute</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Fallon" title="Larry Fallon">Larry Fallon</a> – string arrangements</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Heylin, Can You Feel the Silence?, p. 518</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vanmorrison.net/reviews/1970.html">1970 Rolling Stone Interview</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Uncut_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncut Magazine">Uncut Magazine</a> July 2005 issue</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yorke, Into the Music, pp. 60–61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLester_Bangs" class="citation web cs1">Lester Bangs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090204014331/http://personal.cis.strath.ac.uk/~murray/astral.html">"Lester Bangs on <i>Astral Weeks</i>"</a>. personal.cis.strath.ac.uk. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.briankennedy.co.uk/html/discography/singles/single.htm">the original</a> on 17 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discography+singles&rft.pub=briankennedy.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.briankennedy.co.uk%2Fhtml%2Fdiscography%2Fsingles%2Fsingle.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadame+George" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.klarnet.net/jeff_buckley--madame_george_free_mp3_downloads_79023.htm">"Jeff Buckley – madame george"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeff+Buckley+%E2%80%93+madame+george&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.klarnet.net%2Fjeff_buckley--madame_george_free_mp3_downloads_79023.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadame+George" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.triste.co.uk/artkennedy.htm">"Bap Kennedy – Triste article"</a>. triste.com.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bap+Kennedy+%E2%80%93+Triste+article&rft.pub=triste.com.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.triste.co.uk%2Fartkennedy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadame+George" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121103111212/http://www.billboard.com/album/phoebe-snow/i-can-t-complain/282090/review#/album/phoebe-snow/i-can-t-complain/282090/review">"I Can't Complain Album Review"</a>. billboard.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.billboard.com/album/phoebe-snow/i-can-t-complain/282090/review#/album/phoebe-snow/i-can-t-complain/282090/review">the original</a> on 3 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+Can%27t+Complain+Album+Review&rft.pub=billboard.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Falbum%2Fphoebe-snow%2Fi-can-t-complain%2F282090%2Freview%23%2Falbum%2Fphoebe-snow%2Fi-can-t-complain%2F282090%2Freview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadame+George" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/p55566/songs/all-songs">"allmusic:Eric Bell:Songs"</a>. allmusic.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=allmusic%3AEric+Bell%3ASongs&rft.pub=allmusic.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fp55566%2Fsongs%2Fall-songs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadame+George" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailie,_Stuart2008" class="citation web cs1">Bailie, Stuart (7 January 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/radioulster/2008/01/astral_weeks_wondrous_days.shtml">"Astral Weeks, Wondrous Days"</a>. bbc.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Astral+Weeks%2C+Wondrous+Days&rft.pub=bbc.co.uk&rft.date=2008-01-07&rft.au=Bailie%2C+Stuart&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fblogs%2Fradioulster%2F2008%2F01%2Fastral_weeks_wondrous_days.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMadame+George" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Heylin" title="Clinton Heylin">Heylin, Clinton</a> (2003). <i>Can You Feel the Silence? Van Morrison: A New Biography</i>, Chicago Review Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55652-542-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-55652-542-7">1-55652-542-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritchie_Yorke" title="Ritchie Yorke">Yorke, Ritchie</a>, (1975). <i>Into The Music</i>, London:Charisma Books, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85947-013-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-85947-013-X">0-85947-013-X</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madame_George&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://personal.cis.strath.ac.uk/~murray/astral.html">Lester Bangs: Astral Weeks</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090204014331/http://personal.cis.strath.ac.uk/~murray/astral.html">Archived</a> 4 February 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/song/t2742227">Allmusic Review</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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