My Life as a Plumber

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber","20230127195013","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1674849013"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"/><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["gov-bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"37b7ccb661",applicationID:"1089704227"};;(()=>{var __webpack_modules__={507:(__unused_webpack_module,__webpack_exports__,__webpack_require__)=>{"use strict";function detectPolyfillFeatures(){const featureStatus={};return checkAndAddFeature("Promise","PROMISE"),checkAndAddFeature("Array.prototype.includes","ARRAY_INCLUDES"),checkAndAddFeature("Object.assign","OBJECT_ASSIGN"),checkAndAddFeature("Object.entries","OBJECT_ENTRIES"),featureStatus;function checkAndAddFeature(funcString,featName){try{let func=eval("self."+funcString);-1!==func.toString().indexOf("[native code]")?featureStatus[featName]=Status.NATIVE:featureStatus[featName]=Status.CHANGED}catch{featureStatus[featName]=Status.UNAVAIL}}}__webpack_require__.d(__webpack_exports__,{n:()=>detectPolyfillFeatures});const Status={UNAVAIL:"NotSupported",NATIVE:"Detected",CHANGED:"Modified"}},2687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Z:()=>n});const n=(0,r(2141).ky)(16)},1719:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>n});var n=0,i=navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox[\/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);i&&(n=+i[1])},3524:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";let n;if(r.d(t,{H:()=>i}),r(8438).il){const e=document.createElement("div");e.innerHTML="\x3c!--[if lte IE 6]><div></div><![endif]--\x3e\x3c!--[if lte IE 7]><div></div><![endif]--\x3e\x3c!--[if lte IE 8]><div></div><![endif]--\x3e\x3c!--[if lte IE 9]><div></div><![endif]--\x3e",n=e.getElementsByTagName("div").length}var i;i=4===n?6:3===n?7:2===n?8:1===n?9:0},5970:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Mt:()=>_,C5:()=>s,OP:()=>j,Yu:()=>g,Dg:()=>f,CX:()=>u,GE:()=>b,sU:()=>I});var n={};r.r(n),r.d(n,{agent:()=>m,match:()=>x,version:()=>y});var i=r(4580);class o{constructor(e,t){return e&&"object"==typeof e?t&&"object"==typeof t?(Object.assign(this,t),void Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,r]=e;this[t]=r}))):console.error("setting a Configurable requires a model to set its initial properties"):console.error("setting a Configurable requires an object as input")}}const a={beacon:i.ce.beacon,errorBeacon:i.ce.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},c={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!c[e])throw new Error(`Info for ${e} was never set`);return c[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");c[e]=new o(t,a),(0,i.Qy)(e,c[e],"info")}const d={allow_bfcache:!1,privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},ajax:{deny_list:void 0,enabled:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},ssl:void 0,obfuscate:void 0,jserrors:{enabled:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0},page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0},session_trace:{enabled:!0},spa:{enabled:!0}},l={};function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");l[e]=new o(t,d),(0,i.Qy)(e,l[e],"config")}function _(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");var r=function(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");if(!l[e])throw new Error(`Configuration for ${e} was never set`);return l[e]}(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}const p={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},v={};function b(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");v[e]=new o(t,p),(0,i.Qy)(e,v[e],"loader_config")}const g=(0,i.mF)().o;var h=r(3524),w=r(9206),m=null,y=null;if(navigator.userAgent){var k=navigator.userAgent,P=k.match(/Version\/(\S+)\s+Safari/);P&&-1===k.indexOf("Chrome")&&-1===k.indexOf("Chromium")&&(m="Safari",y=P[1])}function x(e,t){if(!m)return!1;if(e!==m)return!1;if(!t)return!0;if(!y)return!1;for(var r=y.split("."),n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length;i++)if(n[i]!==r[i])return!1;return!0}var E=r(2141),S=r(8438);const O="NRBA_SESSION_ID";function A(){if(!S.il)return null;try{let e;return null===(e=window.sessionStorage.getItem(O))&&(e=(0,E.ky)(16),window.sessionStorage.setItem(O,e)),e}catch(e){return null}}var q=S.ZP?.XMLHttpRequest,C=q&&q.prototype;const T={};function j(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!T[e])throw new Error(`Runtime for ${e} was never set`);return T[e]}function I(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");var r;T[e]=new o(t,(r=e,{customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,features:{},loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:6===h.H?2e3:3e4,offset:(0,w.yf)(),onerror:void 0,origin:""+S.ZP?.location,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},sessionId:1==_(r,"privacy.cookies_enabled")?A():null,xhrWrappable:q&&C&&C.addEventListener&&!/CriOS/.test(navigator.userAgent),userAgent:n})),(0,i.Qy)(e,T[e],"runtime")}},8873:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{q:()=>n});const n=["1222","PROD"].filter((e=>e)).join(".")},1925:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{w:()=>i});const n={agentIdentifier:""};class i{constructor(e){if("object"!=typeof e)return console.error("shared context requires an object as input");this.sharedContext={},Object.assign(this.sharedContext,n),Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,r]=e;Object.keys(n).includes(t)&&(this.sharedContext[t]=r)}))}}},2071:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ee:()=>s});var n=r(4580),i=r(9010),o=r(9599),a="nr@context";let c=(0,n.fP)();var s;function u(){}function d(){return new u}function l(){(s.backlog.api||s.backlog.feature)&&(s.aborted=!0,s.backlog={})}c.ee?s=c.ee:(s=function e(t,r){var n={},c={},f={},_={on:b,addEventListener:b,removeEventListener:g,emit:v,get:w,listeners:h,context:p,buffer:m,abort:l,aborted:!1,isBuffering:y,debugId:r,backlog:t&&t.backlog?t.backlog:{}};return _;function p(e){return e&&e instanceof u?e:e?(0,i.X)(e,a,d):d()}function v(e,r,n,i,o){if(!1!==o&&(o=!0),!s.aborted||i){t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=p(n),u=h(e),d=u.length,l=0;l<d;l++)u[l].apply(a,r);var f=k()[c[e]];return f&&f.push([_,e,r,a]),a}}function b(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function g(e,t){var r=n[e];if(r)for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function w(t){return f[t]=f[t]||e(_,t)}function m(e,t){var r=k();_.aborted||(0,o.D)(e,(function(e,n){t=t||"feature",c[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))}function y(e){return!!k()[c[e]]}function k(){return _.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),c.ee=s)},3195:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{E:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(2071).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},4539:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{X:()=>o});var n=r(3195);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.E,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.E);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3585:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{bP:()=>c,iz:()=>s,m$:()=>a});var n=r(8438),i=!1;try{var o=Object.defineProperty({},"passive",{get:function(){i=!0}});n.ZP?.addEventListener("testPassive",null,o),n.ZP?.removeEventListener("testPassive",null,o)}catch(e){}function a(e){return i?{passive:!0,capture:!!e}:!!e}function c(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2];window.addEventListener(e,t,a(r))}function s(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2];document.addEventListener(e,t,a(r))}},2141:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Rl:()=>i,ky:()=>o});var n=r(8438);function i(){var e=null,t=0,r=n.ZP?.crypto||n.ZP?.msCrypto;function i(){return e?15&e[t++]:16*Math.random()|0}r&&r.getRandomValues&&(e=r.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var o,a="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",c="",s=0;s<a.length;s++)c+="x"===(o=a[s])?i().toString(16):"y"===o?(o=3&i()|8).toString(16):o;return c}function o(e){var t=null,r=0,n=self.crypto||self.msCrypto;n&&n.getRandomValues&&Uint8Array&&(t=n.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var i=[],o=0;o<e;o++)i.push(a().toString(16));return i.join("");function a(){return t?15&t[r++]:16*Math.random()|0}}},9206:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{nb:()=>s,os:()=>u,yf:()=>c,zO:()=>a});var n=r(1209),i=(new Date).getTime(),o=i;function a(){return n.G&&performance.now?Math.round(performance.now()):(i=Math.max((new Date).getTime(),i))-o}function c(){return i}function s(e){o=e}function u(){return o}},1209:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G:()=>n});const n=void 0!==r(8438).ZP?.performance?.timing?.navigationStart},745:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{s:()=>s,v:()=>u});var n=r(7036),i=r(1719),o=r(9206),a=r(1209),c=r(8438);let s=!0;function u(e){var t=function(){if(i.I&&i.I<9)return;if(a.G)return s=!1,c.ZP?.performance?.timing?.navigationStart}();t&&((0,n.B)(e,"starttime",t),(0,o.nb)(t))}},7036:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{B:()=>o,L:()=>a});var n=r(9206),i={};function o(e,t,r){void 0===r&&(r=(0,n.zO)()+(0,n.os)()),i[e]=i[e]||{},i[e][t]=r}function a(e,t,r,n){const o=e.sharedContext.agentIdentifier;var a=i[o]?.[r],c=i[o]?.[n];void 0!==a&&void 0!==c&&e.store("measures",t,{value:c-a})}},8547:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>i});var n=r(8438);const i={isFileProtocol:function(){let e=Boolean("file:"===(0,n.lW)()?.location?.protocol);e&&(i.supportabilityMetricSent=!0);return e},supportabilityMetricSent:!1}},9011:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{K:()=>o});var n=r(5970);const i=["ajax","jserrors","metrics","page_action","page_view_event","page_view_timing","session_trace","spa"];function o(e){const t={};return i.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0!==(0,n.OP)(t).disabled&&!1!==(0,n.Mt)(t,`${e}.enabled`)}(r,e)})),t}},8025:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>i});var n=r(2071);class i{constructor(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:[];this.agentIdentifier=e,this.aggregator=t,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.externalFeatures=r,this.blocked=!1}}},9010:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{X:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},8438:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ZP:()=>a,il:()=>n,lW:()=>c,v6:()=>i});const n=Boolean("undefined"!=typeof window&&window.document),i=Boolean("undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator);let o=(()=>{if(n)return window;if(i){if("undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope)return globalThis;if(self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope)return self}throw new Error("New Relic browser agent shutting down due to error: Unable to locate global scope. This is possibly due to code redefining browser global variables like `self` and `window`.")})();const a=o;function c(){return o}},9599:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t){var r=[],i="",o=0;for(i in e)n.call(e,i)&&(r[o]=t(i,e[i]),o+=1);return r}},248:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$c:()=>s,Ng:()=>u,RR:()=>c});var n=r(5970),i=r(1925),o=r(8547),a={regex:/^file:\/\/(.*)/,replacement:"file://OBFUSCATED"};class c extends i.w{constructor(e){super(e)}shouldObfuscate(){return s(this.sharedContext.agentIdentifier).length>0}obfuscateString(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return e;for(var t=s(this.sharedContext.agentIdentifier),r=e,n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n].regex,o=t[n].replacement||"*";r=r.replace(i,o)}return r}}function s(e){var t=[],r=(0,n.Mt)(e,"obfuscate")||[];return t=t.concat(r),o.T.isFileProtocol()&&t.push(a),t}function u(e){for(var t=!1,r=!1,n=0;n<e.length;n++){"regex"in e[n]?"string"!=typeof e[n].regex&&e[n].regex.constructor!==RegExp&&(console&&console.warn&&console.warn('An obfuscation replacement rule contains a "regex" value with an invalid type (must be a string or RegExp)'),r=!0):(console&&console.warn&&console.warn('An obfuscation replacement rule was detected missing a "regex" value.'),r=!0);var i=e[n].replacement;i&&"string"!=typeof i&&(console&&console.warn&&console.warn('An obfuscation replacement rule contains a "replacement" value with an invalid type (must be a string)'),t=!0)}return!t&&!r}},4580:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{EZ:()=>u,Qy:()=>s,ce:()=>o,fP:()=>a,gG:()=>d,mF:()=>c});var n=r(9206),i=r(8438);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return i.ZP?.NREUM||(i.ZP.NREUM={}),void 0===i.ZP?.newrelic&&(i.ZP.newrelic=i.ZP.NREUM),i.ZP.NREUM}function c(){let e=a();if(!e.o){var t=self,r=t.XMLHttpRequest;e.o={ST:setTimeout,SI:t.setImmediate,CT:clearTimeout,XHR:r,REQ:t.Request,EV:t.Event,PR:t.Promise,MO:t.MutationObserver,FETCH:t.fetch}}return e}function s(e,t,r){let i=a();const o=i.initializedAgents||{},c=o[e]||{};return Object.keys(c).length||(c.initializedAt={ms:(0,n.zO)(),date:new Date}),i.initializedAgents={...o,[e]:{...c,[r]:t}},i}function u(e,t){a()[e]=t}function d(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),c(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},584:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{N:()=>i,e:()=>o});var n=r(3585);function i(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]&&arguments[1];return void(0,n.iz)("visibilitychange",r);function r(){if(t){if("hidden"!=document.visibilityState)return;e()}e(document.visibilityState)}}function o(){return"hidden"===document.visibilityState?-1:1/0}},8539:e=>{e.exports=function(e,t,r){t||(t=0),void 0===r&&(r=e?e.length:0);for(var n=-1,i=r-t||0,o=Array(i<0?0:i);++n<i;)o[n]=e[t+n];return o}}},__webpack_module_cache__={},inProgress,dataWebpackPrefix;function __webpack_require__(e){var t=__webpack_module_cache__[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var r=__webpack_module_cache__[e]={exports:{}};return __webpack_modules__[e](r,r.exports,__webpack_require__),r.exports}__webpack_require__.m=__webpack_modules__,__webpack_require__.n=e=>{var t=e&&e.__esModule?()=>e.default:()=>e;return __webpack_require__.d(t,{a:t}),t},__webpack_require__.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)__webpack_require__.o(t,r)&&!__webpack_require__.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},__webpack_require__.f={},__webpack_require__.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(__webpack_require__.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(__webpack_require__.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),__webpack_require__.u=e=>e+"."+__webpack_require__.h().slice(0,8)+"-1222.js",__webpack_require__.h=()=>"95d4308d836c4fa71ea6",__webpack_require__.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),inProgress={},dataWebpackPrefix="NRBA:",__webpack_require__.l=(e,t,r,n)=>{if(inProgress[e])inProgress[e].push(t);else{var i,o;if(void 0!==r)for(var a=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),c=0;c<a.length;c++){var s=a[c];if(s.getAttribute("src")==e||s.getAttribute("data-webpack")==dataWebpackPrefix+r){i=s;break}}i||(o=!0,(i=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",i.timeout=120,__webpack_require__.nc&&i.setAttribute("nonce",__webpack_require__.nc),i.setAttribute("data-webpack",dataWebpackPrefix+r),i.src=e),inProgress[e]=[t];var u=(t,r)=>{i.onerror=i.onload=null,clearTimeout(d);var n=inProgress[e];if(delete inProgress[e],i.parentNode&&i.parentNode.removeChild(i),n&&n.forEach((e=>e(r))),t)return t(r)},d=setTimeout(u.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:i}),12e4);i.onerror=u.bind(null,i.onerror),i.onload=u.bind(null,i.onload),o&&document.head.appendChild(i)}},__webpack_require__.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},__webpack_require__.p="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={783:0,519:0};__webpack_require__.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=__webpack_require__.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var i=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=i);var o=__webpack_require__.p+__webpack_require__.u(t),a=new Error;__webpack_require__.l(o,(r=>{if(__webpack_require__.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var i=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),o=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;a.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+i+": "+o+")",a.name="ChunkLoadError",a.type=i,a.request=o,n[1](a)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,i,[o,a,c]=r,s=0;if(o.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in a)__webpack_require__.o(a,n)&&(__webpack_require__.m[n]=a[n]);if(c)c(__webpack_require__)}for(t&&t(r);s<o.length;s++)i=o[s],__webpack_require__.o(e,i)&&e[i]&&e[i][0](),e[i]=0},r=window.webpackChunkNRBA=window.webpackChunkNRBA||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})();var __webpack_exports__={};(()=>{"use strict";__webpack_require__.r(__webpack_exports__);var e=__webpack_require__(507),t=__webpack_require__(2687),r=__webpack_require__(3585);function n(e){if(!document||"complete"===document.readyState)return e()||!0}function i(e){n(e)||(0,r.bP)("load",e)}function o(e){n(e)||(0,r.iz)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}var a=__webpack_require__(8438),c=__webpack_require__(2071);let s=0;function u(e){(async()=>{if(!s++)try{const{aggregator:t}=await __webpack_require__.e(859).then(__webpack_require__.bind(__webpack_require__,7859));await t(e)}catch(e){console.error("Failed to successfully load all aggregators. Aborting...\n",e),c.ee.abort()}})()}var d=__webpack_require__(8539),l=__webpack_require__.n(d),f=__webpack_require__(4580),_=__webpack_require__(5970),p=__webpack_require__(3195),v=__webpack_require__(9599),b=__webpack_require__(9206);let g=!1;var h=__webpack_require__(7036),w=__webpack_require__(745),m=__webpack_require__(8025);class y extends m.W{constructor(e){super(e),a.il&&((0,w.v)(e),(0,h.B)(e,"firstbyte",(0,b.yf)()),i((()=>this.measureWindowLoaded())),o((()=>this.measureDomContentLoaded())))}measureWindowLoaded(){var e=(0,b.zO)();(0,h.B)(this.agentIdentifier,"onload",e+(0,b.os)()),(0,p.p)("timing",["load",e],void 0,void 0,this.ee)}measureDomContentLoaded(){(0,h.B)(this.agentIdentifier,"domContent",(0,b.zO)()+(0,b.os)())}}var k=__webpack_require__(584);class P extends m.W{constructor(e){var t;if(super(e),t=this,this.isEnabled()&&a.il){if(this.pageHiddenTime=(0,k.e)(),this.performanceObserver,this.lcpPerformanceObserver,this.clsPerformanceObserver,this.fiRecorded=!1,"PerformanceObserver"in window&&"function"==typeof window.PerformanceObserver){this.performanceObserver=new PerformanceObserver((function(){return t.perfObserver(...arguments)}));try{this.performanceObserver.observe({entryTypes:["paint"]})}catch(e){}this.lcpPerformanceObserver=new PerformanceObserver((function(){return t.lcpObserver(...arguments)}));try{this.lcpPerformanceObserver.observe({entryTypes:["largest-contentful-paint"]})}catch(e){}this.clsPerformanceObserver=new PerformanceObserver((function(){return t.clsObserver(...arguments)}));try{this.clsPerformanceObserver.observe({type:"layout-shift",buffered:!0})}catch(e){}}this.fiRecorded=!1;["click","keydown","mousedown","pointerdown","touchstart"].forEach((e=>{(0,r.iz)(e,(function(){return t.captureInteraction(...arguments)}))})),(0,k.N)((()=>{this.pageHiddenTime=(0,b.zO)(),(0,p.p)("docHidden",[this.pageHiddenTime],void 0,void 0,this.ee)}),!0),(0,r.bP)("pagehide",(()=>(0,p.p)("winPagehide",[(0,b.zO)()],void 0,void 0,this.ee)))}}isEnabled(){return!1!==(0,_.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"page_view_timing.enabled")}perfObserver(e,t){e.getEntries().forEach((e=>{"first-paint"===e.name?(0,p.p)("timing",["fp",Math.floor(e.startTime)],void 0,void 0,this.ee):"first-contentful-paint"===e.name&&(0,p.p)("timing",["fcp",Math.floor(e.startTime)],void 0,void 0,this.ee)}))}lcpObserver(e,t){var r=e.getEntries();if(r.length>0){var n=r[r.length-1];if(this.pageHiddenTime<n.startTime)return;var i=[n],o=this.addConnectionAttributes({});o&&i.push(o),(0,p.p)("lcp",i,void 0,void 0,this.ee)}}clsObserver(e){e.getEntries().forEach((e=>{e.hadRecentInput||(0,p.p)("cls",[e],void 0,void 0,this.ee)}))}addConnectionAttributes(e){var t=navigator.connection||navigator.mozConnection||navigator.webkitConnection;if(t)return t.type&&(e["net-type"]=t.type),t.effectiveType&&(e["net-etype"]=t.effectiveType),t.rtt&&(e["net-rtt"]=t.rtt),t.downlink&&(e["net-dlink"]=t.downlink),e}captureInteraction(e){if(e instanceof _.Yu.EV&&!this.fiRecorded){var t=Math.round(e.timeStamp),r={type:e.type};this.addConnectionAttributes(r),t<=(0,b.zO)()?r.fid=(0,b.zO)()-t:t>(0,b.os)()&&t<=Date.now()?(t-=(0,b.os)(),r.fid=(0,b.zO)()-t):t=(0,b.zO)(),this.fiRecorded=!0,(0,p.p)("timing",["fi",t,r],void 0,void 0,this.ee)}}}var x=__webpack_require__(4539),E="React",S="Angular",O="AngularJS",A="Backbone",q="Ember",C="Vue",T="Meteor",j="Zepto",I="Jquery";function R(){if(!a.il)return[];var e=[];try{(function(){try{if(window.React||window.ReactDOM||window.ReactRedux)return!0;if(document.querySelector("[data-reactroot], [data-reactid]"))return!0;for(var e=document.querySelectorAll("body > div"),t=0;t<e.length;t++)if(Object.keys(e[t]).indexOf("_reactRootContainer")>=0)return!0;return!1}catch(e){return!1}})()&&e.push(E),function(){try{return!!window.angular||(!!document.querySelector(".ng-binding, [ng-app], [data-ng-app], [ng-controller], [data-ng-controller], [ng-repeat], [data-ng-repeat]")||!!document.querySelector('script[src*="angular.js"], script[src*="angular.min.js"]'))}catch(e){return!1}}()&&e.push(O),function(){try{return!!(window.hasOwnProperty("ng")&&window.ng.hasOwnProperty("coreTokens")&&window.ng.coreTokens.hasOwnProperty("NgZone"))||!!document.querySelectorAll("[ng-version]").length}catch(e){return!1}}()&&e.push(S),window.Backbone&&e.push(A),window.Ember&&e.push(q),window.Vue&&e.push(C),window.Meteor&&e.push(T),window.Zepto&&e.push(j),window.jQuery&&e.push(I)}catch(e){}return e}var N=__webpack_require__(8547),M=__webpack_require__(248),Z=__webpack_require__(8873);const B=Boolean(a.ZP?.Worker),D=Boolean(a.ZP?.SharedWorker),W=Boolean(a.ZP?.navigator?.serviceWorker);let F,z,G;class L extends m.W{constructor(e){var t;let r=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{};super(e),t=this,this.PfFeatStatusEnum=r,this.singleChecks(),this.eachSessionChecks(),(0,x.X)("record-supportability",(function(){return t.recordSupportability(...arguments)}),void 0,this.ee),(0,x.X)("record-custom",(function(){return t.recordCustom(...arguments)}),void 0,this.ee)}recordSupportability(e,t){var r=["sm",e,{name:e},t];return(0,p.p)("storeMetric",r,null,void 0,this.ee),r}recordCustom(e,t){var r=["cm",e,{name:e},t];return(0,p.p)("storeEventMetrics",r,null,void 0,this.ee),r}singleChecks(){this.recordSupportability(`Generic/Version/${Z.q}/Detected`);const{loaderType:e}=(0,_.OP)(this.agentIdentifier);e&&this.recordSupportability(`Generic/LoaderType/${e}/Detected`),a.il&&o((()=>{R().forEach((e=>{this.recordSupportability("Framework/"+e+"/Detected")}))})),N.T.isFileProtocol()&&(this.recordSupportability("Generic/FileProtocol/Detected"),N.T.supportabilityMetricSent=!0);const t=(0,M.$c)(this.agentIdentifier);t.length>0&&this.recordSupportability("Generic/Obfuscate/Detected"),t.length>0&&!(0,M.Ng)(t)&&this.recordSupportability("Generic/Obfuscate/Invalid"),a.il&&this.reportPolyfillsNeeded(),function(e){if(!F){if(B){F=Worker;try{a.ZP.Worker=r(F,"Dedicated")}catch(e){o(e,"Dedicated")}if(D){z=SharedWorker;try{a.ZP.SharedWorker=r(z,"Shared")}catch(e){o(e,"Shared")}}else n("Shared");if(W){G=navigator.serviceWorker.register;try{a.ZP.navigator.serviceWorker.register=(t=G,function(){for(var e=arguments.length,r=new Array(e),n=0;n<e;n++)r[n]=arguments[n];return i("Service",r[1]?.type),t.apply(navigator.serviceWorker,r)})}catch(e){o(e,"Service")}}else n("Service");var t;return}n("All")}function r(e,t){return new Proxy(e,{construct:(e,r)=>(i(t,r[1]?.type),new e(...r))})}function n(t){a.v6||e(`Workers/${t}/Unavailable`)}function i(t,r){e("module"===r?`Workers/${t}/Module`:`Workers/${t}/Classic`)}function o(t,r){e(`Workers/${r}/SM/Unsupported`),console.warn(`NR Agent: Unable to capture ${r} workers.`,t)}}(this.recordSupportability.bind(this))}reportPolyfillsNeeded(){this.recordSupportability(`Generic/Polyfill/Promise/${this.PfFeatStatusEnum.PROMISE}`),this.recordSupportability(`Generic/Polyfill/ArrayIncludes/${this.PfFeatStatusEnum.ARRAY_INCLUDES}`),this.recordSupportability(`Generic/Polyfill/ObjectAssign/${this.PfFeatStatusEnum.OBJECT_ASSIGN}`),this.recordSupportability(`Generic/Polyfill/ObjectEntries/${this.PfFeatStatusEnum.OBJECT_ENTRIES}`)}eachSessionChecks(){a.il&&(0,r.bP)("pageshow",(e=>{e.persisted&&this.recordCustom("Custom/BFCache/PageRestored")}))}}var U=__webpack_require__(9011);const $=(0,e.n)(),H="lite";try{!function(e){if(g)return;const r=(0,f.gG)();a.v6&&(r.info.jsAttributes={...r.info.jsAttributes,isWorker:!0});try{(0,_.CX)(t.Z,r.info),(0,_.Dg)(t.Z,r.init),(0,_.GE)(t.Z,r.loader_config),(0,_.sU)(t.Z,{loaderType:e}),function(e){var t=(0,f.fP)(),r=c.ee.get(e),n=r.get("tracer"),i="api-",o=i+"ixn-";function a(){}(0,v.D)(["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease"],(function(e,r){t[r]=u(i,r,!0,"api")})),t.addPageAction=u(i,"addPageAction",!0),t.setCurrentRouteName=u(i,"routeName",!0),t.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,_.OP)(e).customTransaction=(r||"https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/http://custom.transaction")+t,u(i,"setPageViewName",!0,"api")()},t.setCustomAttribute=function(t,r){const n=(0,_.C5)(e);return(0,_.CX)(e,{...n,jsAttributes:{...n.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),u(i,"setCustomAttribute",!0,"api")()},t.interaction=function(){return(new a).get()};var s=a.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var i={},a=this,c="function"==typeof t;return(0,p.p)(o+"tracer",[(0,b.zO)(),e,i],a,void 0,r),function(){if(n.emit((c?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,b.zO)(),a,c],i),c)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){throw n.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,"string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e],i),e}finally{n.emit("fn-end",[(0,b.zO)()],i)}}}};function u(e,t,n,i){return function(){return(0,p.p)("record-supportability",["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,void 0,r),(0,p.p)(e+t,[(0,b.zO)()].concat(l()(arguments)),n?null:this,i,r),n?void 0:this}}(0,v.D)("actionText,setName,setAttribute,save,ignore,onEnd,getContext,end,get".split(","),(function(e,t){s[t]=u(o,t)})),t.noticeError=function(e,t){"string"==typeof e&&(e=new Error(e)),(0,p.p)("record-supportability",["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,void 0,r),(0,p.p)("err",[e,(0,b.zO)(),!1,t],void 0,void 0,r)}}(t.Z),g=!0}catch(e){}}(H);const e=(0,U.K)(t.Z);e.page_view_event&&new y(t.Z),e.page_view_timing&&new P(t.Z),e.metrics&&new L(t.Z,$),function(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]?arguments[2]:1e3;t?setTimeout((()=>u(e)),r):a.il?i((()=>u(e))):u(e)}(H)}catch(e){a.ZP?.newrelic?.ee?.abort&&a.ZP.newrelic.ee.abort()}})(),window.NRBA=__webpack_exports__})();</script> <noscript><style>form.antibot * :not(.antibot-message) { display: none !important; }</style> </noscript><script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013js_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-66610693-3"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "UA-66610693-3", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true,"page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_path","link_attribution":true,"allow_ad_personalization_signals":false,"custom_map":{"dimension2":"node_title","dimension3":"node_id","dimension5":"blog_author","dimension7":"content_type"}});gtag("config", "G-HEQ0YF2VYL", {"groups":"default","page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_location","link_attribution":true,"allow_ad_personalization_signals":false});gtag("config", "UA-33523145-1", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true,"page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_path","link_attribution":true,"allow_ad_personalization_signals":false,"custom_map":{"dimension2":"node_title","dimension3":"node_id","dimension5":"blog_author","dimension7":"content_type"}});gtag("event", "custom", {"node_title":"My Life as a Plumber","node_id":"1725581","blog_author":"Harry Hertz \u201cThe Baldrige Cheermudgeon\u201d","content_type":"Blog entry"});</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber"/> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/node/1725581"/> <meta name="description" content="Background It all started with my bathroom sink. I noticed that it was draining slowly and that I could pull out the pop-up stopper."/> <meta name="dcterms.title" content="My Life as a Plumber"/> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Harry Hertz “The Baldrige Cheermudgeon”"/> <meta name="dcterms.description" content="Background It all started with my bathroom sink. I noticed that it was draining slowly and that I could pull out the pop-up stopper."/> <meta name="dcterms.publisher" content="Harry Hertz “The Baldrige Cheermudgeon”"/> <meta name="dcterms.contributor" content="NIST"/> <meta name="dcterms.date" content="2023-01-10T07:00-05:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.type" content="text"/> <meta name="dcterms.format" content="text/html"/> <meta name="dcterms.identifier" content="https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber"/> <meta name="dcterms.source" content="NIST"/> <meta name="dcterms.created" content="2023-01-10T07:00-05:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.modified" content="2023-01-26T16:01-05:00"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="My Life as a Plumber | NIST"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NIST"/> <meta property="og:type" content="Article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber"/> <meta property="og:title" content="My Life as a Plumber"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Background It all started with my bathroom sink. I noticed that it was draining slowly and that I could pull out the pop-up stopper."/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2023/01/05/my-life-as-a-plumber.jpg"/> <meta property="og:image:width" content="220"/> <meta property="og:image:height" content="138"/> <meta property="article:author" content="Harry Hertz “The Baldrige Cheermudgeon”"/> <meta property="article:tag" content="work processes"/> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2023-01-10T07:00-05:00"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-01-26T16:01-05:00"/> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="QMu0ODkER3rN5hLcMLqNVf7e3bkjYsNLTuhqfH48jCA"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="NIST"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Background It all started with my bathroom sink. I noticed that it was draining slowly and that I could pull out the pop-up stopper."/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="My Life as a Plumber"/> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber"/> <meta name="twitter:image:height" content="138"/> <meta name="twitter:image:width" content="220"/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2023/01/05/my-life-as-a-plumber.jpg"/> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)"/> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <meta name="nist_search_modified" class="elastic" content="2023-01-26T16:01:00-05:00"/> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Article", "headline": "My Life as a Plumber | NIST", "description": "\u003Ch3\u003EBackground\u003C/h3\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EIt all started with my bathroom sink. I noticed that it was draining slowly and that I could pull out the pop-up stopper.\u003C/p\u003E", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "representativeOfPage": "True", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2023/01/05/my-life-as-a-plumber.jpg", "width": "220", "height": "138" }, "datePublished": "2023-01-10T07:00-05:00", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T16:01-05:00" } ] }</script> <meta name="nist_search_bundle" class="elastic" content="blog"/> <link rel="icon" href="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/themes/custom/nist_www/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/> <title>My Life as a Plumber | NIST</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20230127195013cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_QX3JYQm6w6rr8DaoOgSIXjD96heXbTFYSJei3tLVgIo.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/web/20230127195013cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_gD8QmGaNfUQuThtjB-S0EwEOZZNJP1QfUU1bDdLHbMU.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/web/20230127195013cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_zbjDhj-AmeVwgu9y0DlPwEfp7l-a5BpoK3MpoGmRB6o.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20230127195013cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_PV0KmreUx3hVeYI6yGypf71UDz9BSQl1Z5DjiESDh-Y.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/web/20230127195013cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_e5DuZ68Yk6jKDRZI89Dctp-TrIyhXrRYettD_yNTSPA.css"/> <script src="/web/20230127195013js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_VDwaIMNiRtzQn-NZvj1F9loIzJ-i4yEDiruzS8Z6Ejo.js"></script> </head> <body class="node-1725581"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable" data-elastic-exclude> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>  <section data-elastic-exclude class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official government website"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <div class="usa-banner__inner"> <div class="grid-col-auto"> <img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/us_flag_small.png" alt="U.S. flag"> </div> <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto"> <p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p> <p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here’s how you know</p> </div> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default"> <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Official websites use .gov</strong> <br/> A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. </p> </div> </div> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong> <br/> A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-title banner-lock-description" focusable="false"> <title id="banner-lock-title">Lock</title> <desc id="banner-lock-description">A locked padlock</desc><path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z"/></svg> </span> ) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section>  <div data-elastic-exclude>  <div class="nist-print-header" style="display:none;"> <p class="nist-print-header__url">https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber</p> <img class="nist-print-header__logo" width="289" height="38" src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/nist_logo_sidestack.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology"/> </div> <div class="usa-overlay"></div> <header class="usa-header nist-header--www nist-header--minimal" role="banner"> <div class="usa-navbar"> <div class="usa-logo flex-fill"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" aria-label="Home"> <img src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/logo.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology" width="300px" height="80px"/> </a> </div> <div class="usa-header__right grid-row flex-auto"> <div class="grid-col-fill nist-header__search-group"> <form class="usa-search usa-search--small" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/search" id="search_form" method="get"> <div role="search"> <label class="usa-sr-only" for="search-form">Search NIST</label> <input class="usa-input" id="search-form" type="search" name="s" placeholder="Search NIST" required="" maxlength="128"> <button class="usa-button" type="submit"><img src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/usa-icons-bg/search--white.svg" class="usa-search__submit-icon" alt="Search"></button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="grid-col-auto padding-left-1"> <button class="usa-menu-btn">Menu</button> </div> </div> </div> <nav aria-label="Primary navigation" class="usa-nav"> <div class="usa-nav__inner"> <button class="usa-nav__close">Close</button> <ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion"> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-1"><span>Topics</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-1" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/topics" class="usa-nav__link">All Topics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/advanced-communications" class="usa-nav__link">Advanced communications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/artificial-intelligence" class="usa-nav__link">Artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/bioscience" class="usa-nav__link">Bioscience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/buildings-construction" class="usa-nav__link">Buildings and construction</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/chemistry" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/climate" class="usa-nav__link">Climate</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/cybersecurity" class="usa-nav__link">Cybersecurity</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/electronics" class="usa-nav__link">Electronics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/energy" class="usa-nav__link">Energy</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/environment" class="usa-nav__link">Environment</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/fire" class="usa-nav__link">Fire</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/forensic-science" class="usa-nav__link">Forensic science</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/health" class="usa-nav__link">Health</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/information-technology" class="usa-nav__link">Information technology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/infrastructure" class="usa-nav__link">Infrastructure</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/manufacturing" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/materials" class="usa-nav__link">Materials</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/mathematics-statistics" class="usa-nav__link">Mathematics and statistics</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/metrology" class="usa-nav__link">Metrology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/nanotechnology" class="usa-nav__link">Nanotechnology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/neutron-research" class="usa-nav__link">Neutron research</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/performance-excellence" class="usa-nav__link">Performance excellence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/physics" class="usa-nav__link">Physics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/public-safety" class="usa-nav__link">Public safety</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/resilience" class="usa-nav__link">Resilience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/standards" class="usa-nav__link">Standards</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/transportation" class="usa-nav__link">Transportation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <a class="usa-nav__link" href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/publications">Publications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-3"><span>Labs & Major Programs</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-3" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/laboratories" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratories</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/ctl" class="usa-nav__link">Communications Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/el" class="usa-nav__link">Engineering Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/itl" class="usa-nav__link">Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/mml" class="usa-nav__link">Material Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/pml" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/user-facilities" class="usa-nav__link">User Facilities</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/ncnr" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Center for Neutron Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/cnst" class="usa-nav__link">CNST NanoFab</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/research-test-beds" class="usa-nav__link">Research Test Beds</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Research Projects</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments" class="usa-nav__link">Tools & Instruments</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/major-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Major Programs</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige" class="usa-nav__link">Baldrige Performance Excellence Program</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/chips" class="usa-nav__link">CHIPS for America Initiative</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/mep" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/oam" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Advanced Manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/spo" class="usa-nav__link">Special Programs Office</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">Technology Partnerships Office</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-4"><span>Services & Resources</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-4" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/standards-and-measurements" class="usa-nav__link">Standards and Measurements</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/calibrations" class="usa-nav__link">Calibration Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/nvlap" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratory Accreditation (NVLAP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/nist-quality-system" class="usa-nav__link">Quality System</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/srm" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Materials (SRMs)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/standardsgov" class="usa-nav__link">Standards.gov</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/pml/time-and-frequency-division/time-services" class="usa-nav__link">Time Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/pml/owm" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Weights and Measures</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software" class="usa-nav__link">Software</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/data" class="usa-nav__link">Data</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry WebBook</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://nvd.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">National Vulnerability Database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/pml/productsservices/physical-reference-data" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Reference Data</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/srd" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Data (SRD)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/shop" class="usa-nav__link">Storefront</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">License & Patents</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://csrc.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">Computer Security Resource Center (CSRC)</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/nist-research-library" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Research Library</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-5"><span>News & Events</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-5" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news" class="usa-nav__link">News</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/events" class="usa-nav__link">Events</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs" class="usa-nav__link">Blogs</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories" class="usa-nav__link">Feature Stories</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/awards" class="usa-nav__link">Awards</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/video-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Video Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Image Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/director/pao/media-contacts" class="usa-nav__link">Media Contacts</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-6"><span>About NIST</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-6" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist" class="usa-nav__link">About Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us" class="usa-nav__link">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/visit" class="usa-nav__link">Visit</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/careers" class="usa-nav__link">Careers</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/director/nist-organization-structure" class="usa-nav__link">Our Organization</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/director" class="usa-nav__link">Office of the Director</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/director/nist-organization-structure/budget-planning" class="usa-nav__link">Budget & Planning</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/work-nist" class="usa-nav__link">Work with NIST</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/history" class="usa-nav__link">History</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/http://nistdigitalarchives.contentdm.oclc.org/" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Digital Archives</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/nist-museum" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Museum</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/nist-and-nobel" class="usa-nav__link">NIST and the Nobel</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/education" class="usa-nav__link">Educational Resources</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header>  </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> <div id="block-nist-www-content" class="nist-block"> <section class="nist-page__content usa-section clearfix"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content-top-full"> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="entity-reference"> <div class="nist-blog-header nist-blog-header--inner"> <div class="nist-blog-header__bkgrd"> <div class="nist-blog-header__main grid-container"> <div class="grid-row"> <h2 class="nist-blog-header__title"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige"> Blogrige </a> </h2> <div class="nist-blog-header__tagline"> <p class="text">The Official Baldrige Blog</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-top-4"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content-top"> <div class="nist-block"> <h1 class="nist-page__title">My Life as a Plumber</h1> </div> <div class="font-body-md"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-01-10T12:00:00Z">January 10, 2023</time> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block"> <span>By: </span> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/authors/harry-hertz-baldrige-cheermudgeon" hreflang="en">Harry Hertz “The Baldrige Cheermudgeon”</a> </div> <div class="nist-block">  <div data-elastic-exclude class="nist-block nist-social__wrapper"> <h2 class="nist-social__title">Share</h2> <div class="social-media-sharing"> <div class="nist-social__wrapper--share"> <div> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber" title="Facebook" class="nist-social nist-social--facebook-gray"> <span>Facebook</span> </a> </div> <div> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber&source=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber" title="Linkedin" class="nist-social nist-social--linkedin-gray"> <span>Linkedin</span> </a> </div> <div> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber&status=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber" title="Twitter" class="nist-social nist-social--twitter-gray"> <span>Twitter</span> </a> </div> <div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/mailto:/?subject=NIST.gov&body=Check out this site https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber" title="Email" class="nist-social nist-social--envelope-gray"> <span>Email</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-top-4"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-6"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content tablet-lg:grid-col-8"> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="text-with-summary"> <figure class="nist-image"> <img src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/960_x_960_limit/public/images/2023/01/05/my-life-as-a-plumber.jpg?itok=Wxz2akhM" width="960" height="600" alt="Plumbing for a sink inside the cabinet. Home maintenance (Key Work System). Plumbing repairs electrical repairs and upgrades yard maintenance supplier management (Key Work Processes)." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> Harry Hertz </div> </figcaption> </figure> <h3>Background</h3> <p>It all started with my bathroom sink. I noticed that it was draining slowly and that I could pull out the pop-up stopper. It was no longer attached to the lever that raised and lowered it. A look into the cabinet below the sink revealed that the ball socket and lever had become loose, freeing the stopper to be removed. The bigger problem was that it also resulted in water escaping through the seal so that the vanity had a good bit of water in it. You know, that vanity that has spare medicines, sunscreen, cleaning supplies, etc. The vanity that you've been meaning to clean out for a long time. And now I had that cleaning opportunity at the least opportune time!</p> <p>My wife helped with the clean-up and drying of wet contents. I then proceeded to clean out the drain, without removing the sink trap. I tried to remove the trap but the plastic, threaded lock nuts were frozen. I had had experience with that once before and ended up breaking the plastic pipe because I torqued the nuts too hard.</p> <p>Fortunately, all is good now, and the vanity is also clean! And I had a chance to think about my personal work processes and work systems!</p> <h3>Work Processes and Work Systems</h3> <p>Before you think I have gone off the deep end, let me explain. As a homeowner, one of my key <em>work systems</em> is home maintenance. Within that system, I have a number of key <em>work processes</em>:</p> <ul><li>plumbing repairs</li> <li>electrical repairs and upgrades</li> <li>yard maintenance</li> <li>supplier management</li> </ul><p>As a refresher, the <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="00b6643c-f609-4ef9-baab-8a71ecca6aa9" href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige/publications/baldrige-excellence-framework" title="Baldrige Excellence Framework">Baldrige Excellence Framework®</a> defines <em>work systems</em> as "the coordinated combination of internal work processes and external resources that you need to develop and produce products (and services)...." <em>Work processes</em> are "your most important internal value-creation processes."</p> <p>A key question for me when I face a maintenance issue is, Do I use my internal work process for repair/maintenance or do I use my supplier management process? The decision is based on whether I can do it more effectively (including cost control) and efficiently with my own workforce (my wife and I) or with a supplier. </p> <h3>Workforce Capability and Capacity</h3> <p>Part of the decision-making process involves an assessment of our ability (<em>capability</em>) and time availability (<em>capacity</em>) to carry out the process. In the case of the sink drain, we had both the <em>capability</em> and <em>capacity</em>, coupled with the enhanced efficiency of doing the repair internally.</p> <h3>The Right Choice</h3> <p>So how does this discussion affect your organization (and also your family)? The choice of using your own <em>work process</em> or relying on your larger <em>work system</em> of suppliers, partners, and collaborators can change over time.</p> <p>Let me illustrate with another personal example. Part of my yard maintenance <em>work process</em> for many years involved mowing my lawn on a lawn tractor. It gave me a release from my regular Baldrige work and also afforded some free time to reflect. When I was unavailable, I had two sons as part of my workforce who were eager to ride the tractor. They no longer live at home, so my workforce has been reduced. Furthermore, I have found that, while I still have the capability to mow, our family capacity to mow has shrunk. And I have found other things to occupy my time. So mowing is now contracted out as part of my home maintenance <em>work system</em> and has become part of my supply-chain management process.</p> <h3>How about Your Organization?</h3> <p>When is the last time you strategically weighed decisions about your <em>work systems</em>? Are there <em>work processes</em> you should move to your supply network? Are there <em>work processes</em> you should bring in house to enhance effectiveness or efficiency and maybe better manage risk? Please, give it some thought!<br> </p> <hr><div class="grid-row grid-gap"> <div class="grid-col-3"> <figure class="align-center nist-image"><img alt="2023-2024 Baldrige Excellence Framework Business/Nonprofit cover artwork" height="480" loading="lazy" src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/480_x_480_limit/public/images/2022/12/12/2023-2024-Baldrige-Excellence-Framework-cover.jpg?itok=CnAq2c1t" typeof="foaf:Image" width="373"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> </div> </figcaption></figure></div> <div class="grid-col-9"> <h2>2023–2024 Baldrige Excellence Framework®</h2> <p>The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige/publications/baldrige-excellence-framework">Baldrige Excellence Framework</a> has empowered organizations to accomplish their missions, improve results, and become more competitive. It includes the Criteria for Performance Excellence, core values and concepts, and guidelines for evaluating your processes and results.</p> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige/publications/baldrige-excellence-framework"><strong>Purchase your copy today!</strong></a></h3> <p>Available versions: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige/publications/baldrige-excellence-framework/businessnonprofit">Business/Nonprofit</a>, Education and Health Care available mid-February</p> </div> </div> <hr> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="nist-tags"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogrige-categories/baldrige-excellence-framework-criteria" hreflang="en">Baldrige Excellence Framework (Criteria)</a> and <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogrige-categories/self-assessing" hreflang="en">Self-Assessing</a></div> </div> <div class="nist-block"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">About the author</h2> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-hidden entity-reference"> <div class="nist-field__items"> <div class="nist-field__item"> <article role="article" about="/blogs/blogrige/authors/harry-hertz-baldrige-cheermudgeon" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/authors/harry-hertz-baldrige-cheermudgeon" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/baldrige/dr-_harry_hertz_photo.jpg?itok=A_2psdFg" width="71" height="100" alt="Dr. Harry Hertz Photo" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/authors/harry-hertz-baldrige-cheermudgeon"><span>Harry Hertz “The Baldrige Cheermudgeon”</span> </a></h3> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"><p>I am Harry Hertz, the Baldrige Cheermudgeon, and Director Emeritus of the Baldrige Program. I joined the Program in 1992 after a decade in management in the analytical chemistry and chemical sciences...</p></div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Related posts</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-0187c14af0d4dabf9de8d227676e614fb97d366ba470ae6759c4935f8a414c2e"> <div> <article role="article" about="/blogs/blogrige/how-baldrige-framework-can-help-you-improve-deia" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/how-baldrige-framework-can-help-you-improve-deia" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2023/01/23/Framework-Helps-Improve-DEIA.png?itok=YJVkvcPJ" width="100" height="63" alt="Group of inclusive colleagues working together with an interactive screen." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/how-baldrige-framework-can-help-you-improve-deia"><span>How the Baldrige Framework Can Help You Improve DEIA</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2023-01-24T12:00:00Z">January 24, 2023</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">Did you know that the most recent revisions (2021-2022 and 2023-2024) of the Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence® (part of the Baldrige Excellence</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/blogs/blogrige/baldrige-framework-revision-some-focus-areas-evolve-some-emphasized" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/baldrige-framework-revision-some-focus-areas-evolve-some-emphasized" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/11/09/Baldrige-Framework-Revision-Focus-Areas.jpg?itok=DN0MKv7o" width="100" height="63" alt="Person wrapping hands around the Baldrige Excellence Framework booklet." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/baldrige-framework-revision-some-focus-areas-evolve-some-emphasized"><span>Baldrige Framework Revision: Some Focus Areas Evolve, Some Emphasized</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-12-13T12:00:00Z">December 13, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">The Baldrige Program has been working on the next two-year revision of the Baldrige Excellence Framework® (including the Criteria for Performance Excellence®)</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/blogs/blogrige/i-have-wicked-dream" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/i-have-wicked-dream" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/11/21/Community-Wicked-Dream.jpg?itok=ByHNZ1lk" width="100" height="63" alt="Group of people looking at text on a table that says Community - good health, no poverty, vibrant economy, great quality of life." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/i-have-wicked-dream"><span>I Have a Wicked Dream</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-11-29T12:00:00Z">November 29, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">Yes, I have a wicked dream. NO, not that definition of wicked. I mean wicked in the sense meant by scientists when they discuss “wicked problems.” Wicked</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Comments</h2> <section> <article data-comment-user-id="0" id="comment-112946" class="nist-comment js-comment"> <footer class="nist-comment__info"> <p class="submitted"> <span class="nist-comment__author"><span lang="" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">Nancy Miles </span></span> on <span class="nist-comment__date">January 10, 2023 10:23 AM</span> <mark class="hidden nist-comment__new" data-comment-timestamp="1673365187"></mark> </p> <div class="nist-comment__permalink"><a href="#comment-112946">Permalink</a></div> </footer> <div class="nist-comment__content"> <div class="text-long"><p>Great read... love the analogy!</p> </div> <ul class="links inline nist-comment__links"> <li class="comment-reply nist-comment__link"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/comment/reply/node/1725581/comment_node_blog/112946">Reply</a></li></ul> </div> </article> <article data-comment-user-id="0" id="comment-112961" class="nist-comment js-comment"> <footer class="nist-comment__info"> <p class="submitted"> <span class="nist-comment__author"><span lang="" typeof="schema:Person" property="schema:name" datatype="">Garcia J Matthew</span></span> on <span class="nist-comment__date">January 11, 2023 1:49 AM</span> <mark class="hidden nist-comment__new" data-comment-timestamp="1673448756"></mark> </p> <div class="nist-comment__permalink"><a href="#comment-112961">Permalink</a></div> </footer> <div class="nist-comment__content"> <div class="text-long"><p>So he was not a plumber after all just a fancy novelist</p> </div> <ul class="links inline nist-comment__links"> <li class="comment-reply nist-comment__link"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/comment/reply/node/1725581/comment_node_blog/112961">Reply</a></li></ul> </div> </article> <h2>Add new comment</h2> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20230127195013cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_PGOm5yXnFAoF0OPcm4yMbauxEiadVS9fzocQgOylJEc.css"/> <script src="/web/20230127195013js_/https://www.nist.gov/core/assets/vendor/modernizr/modernizr.min.js?v=3.11.7"></script> <script src="/web/20230127195013js_/https://www.nist.gov/core/misc/modernizr-additional-tests.js?v=3.11.7"></script> <form class="comment-comment-node-blog-form comment-form usa-form antibot" novalidate="novalidate" data-drupal-selector="comment-form" data-action="/comment/reply/node/1725581/comment_node_blog" action="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/antibot" method="post" id="comment-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <noscript> <div class="antibot-no-js antibot-message antibot-message-warning">You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form.</div> </noscript> <div class="tablet:grid-col-3 form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-name js-form-item-name"> <label for="edit-name" class="usa-label"> Your name </label> <input data-drupal-default-value="Anonymous" data-drupal-selector="edit-name" type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="30" maxlength="60" class="form-text usa-input"/> </div> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="form-lmnj5sxxfxpxrmw8w6ksvtsaira9nlqi-pch4gyjkce" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-lmnJ5SxxfXpxRMw8w6ksVTSaIrA9NlQI_PcH4gyjkcE" class="usa-input"/><input data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-comment-node-blog-form" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="comment_comment_node_blog_form" class="usa-input"/><input data-drupal-selector="edit-antibot-key" type="hidden" name="antibot_key" value="" class="usa-input"/><div class="field--type-text-long field--name-comment-body field--widget-text-textarea js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-body-wrapper" id="edit-comment-body-wrapper"> <div class="js-text-format-wrapper js-form-item form-item"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textarea js-form-type-textarea form-item-comment-body-0-value js-form-item-comment-body-0-value"> <label for="edit-comment-body-0-value" class="usa-label js-form-required form-required"> Comment <span class="usa-label--required"> <span class="usa-sr-only">Required</span>*</span></label> <div class="form-textarea-wrapper"> <textarea class="js-text-full text-full form-textarea required usa-textarea resize-vertical" data-entity_embed-host-entity-langcode="en" data-media-embed-host-entity-langcode="en" data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-body-0-value" id="edit-comment-body-0-value" name="comment_body[0][value]" rows="5" cols="60" placeholder="" required="required" aria-required="true"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="js-filter-wrapper filter-wrapper hidden js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-body-0-format" id="edit-comment-body-0-format"><div class="js-filter-guidelines filter-guidelines js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-body-0-format-guidelines" id="edit-comment-body-0-format-guidelines"><div data-drupal-format-id="plain_text"> <h4>Plain text</h4> <ul> <li>No HTML tags allowed.</li> <li>Web page addresses and email addresses turn into links automatically.</li> <li>Lines and paragraphs break automatically.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="usa-accordion usa-accordion--bordered"> <li> <button type="button" aria-controls="captcha-content" role="button" aria-controls="captcha" aria-expanded="true" aria-pressed="true" class="usa-accordion__button">CAPTCHA</button> <div id="captcha-content" class="usa-accordion__content"> This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. <input data-drupal-selector="edit-captcha-sid" type="hidden" name="captcha_sid" value="324931401" class="usa-input"/><input data-drupal-selector="edit-captcha-token" type="hidden" name="captcha_token" value="BuB8YCLZlPd7dZ1dZfydpO6Q9U5gzdag2C4xgbNMNnA" class="usa-input"/><img data-drupal-selector="edit-captcha-image" src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/image-captcha-generate/324931401/1674849013" width="180" height="60" alt="Image CAPTCHA" title="Image CAPTCHA" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-captcha-response js-form-item-captcha-response"> <label for="edit-captcha-response" class="usa-label js-form-required form-required"> What code is in the image? <span class="usa-label--required"> <span class="usa-sr-only">Required</span>*</span></label> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="edit-captcha-response" aria-describedby="edit-captcha-response--description" type="text" id="edit-captcha-response" name="captcha_response" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-text required usa-input" required="required" aria-required="true"/> <div id="edit-captcha-response--description" class="description help-block"> Enter the characters shown in the image. </div> </div> <div class="reload-captcha-wrapper"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/image-captcha-refresh/comment_comment_node_blog_form" class="reload-captcha">Get new captcha!</a> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Save" class="button button--primary js-form-submit form-submit usa-button"/></div> <div class="comments__disclaimer padding-top-2"> <em>Please be respectful when posting comments. We will post all comments without editing as long as they are appropriate for a public, family friendly website, are on topic and do not contain profanity, personal attacks, misleading or false information/accusations or promote specific commercial products, services or organizations. Comments that violate our comment policy or include links to non-government organizations/web pages will not be posted.</em> </div> </form> </section> </div> </div> <aside class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--sidebar-second tablet-lg:grid-col-4"> <div> <div class="nist-block"> <div> <div about="/blogs/blogrige"> <div class="views-exposed-form usa-form filters nist-block" novalidate="novalidate" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-search-blog-blogrige-search-page"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Search</h2> <form action="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/blogrige/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-search-blog-blogrige-search-page" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="usa-form"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-k js-form-item-k form-no-label"> <input placeholder="Search this blog" data-drupal-selector="edit-k" type="text" id="edit-k" name="k" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text usa-input"/> <div id="edit-k--description" class="description help-block"> Put exact phrase in quotes (e.g., "Quest conference") </div> </div> <div class="grid-col-12 form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" id="edit-actions"><input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-search-blog" type="submit" id="edit-submit-search-blog" value="Search" class="button js-form-submit form-submit usa-button"/></div> </form> </div> <div class="nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Email alerts</h2> <div class="text-long"><p>Sign up for e-mail alerts from the Blogrige blog by entering your e-mail address in the box below.</p> <form action="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscribers/qualify" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"> <input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓"> <input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="D/AeWFqoqPEK65O+YJQQI9Pn9yEDHk1zubt0IGJg18L5pRydZ/PnAQrfCWp/IaMadbiMiAYyimIxV+5ICYMpdQ=="> <input type="hidden" name="topic_id" id="topic_id" value="USNIST_29"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-1"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-8"> <label class="usa-sr-only" for="email">Enter Email Address</label> <input class="usa-input" type="text" name="email" id="email" title="email"> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <input type="submit" name="commit" value="Sign Up" class="usa-button margin-top-1"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Stay Connected</h2> <div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.twitter.com/BaldrigeProgram" class="nist-social nist-social--twitter" title="Twitter"><span>Twitter</span></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL914FB9D44BF49C14" class="nist-social nist-social--youtube" title="Youtube"><span>Youtube</span></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscriber/new?topic_id=USNIST_29" class="nist-social nist-social--envelope" title="GovDelivery"><span>GovDelivery</span></a></div> </div> <div class="views-element-container nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Categories</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-23783b83ddca8390224f70915c4b5d7101b0e439d143576ef82b9bc153ca0fee"> <div> <select class="usa-select ViewsJumpMenu js-viewsJumpMenu" title="-- Choose --"> <option>-- Choose --</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/award-process-events-and-training">Award Process, Events, and Training</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/award-recipients">Award Recipients</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/baldrige-excellence-framework-criteria">Baldrige Excellence Framework (Criteria)</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/community">Community</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/impact-baldrige">Impact of Baldrige</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/insights-road-performance-excellence">Insights on the Road to Performance Excellence</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/sector-focused">Sector Focused</option> <option data-url="/blogrige-categories/self-assessing">Self-Assessing</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">About this blog</h2> <div class="text-long"><p>Blogrige, the official blog of the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige">Baldrige Performance Excellence Program</a>, shares practical guidance, success stories, examples, and inspiration on how Baldrige resources can support your long-term success, whether your organization is large or small, has one site or worldwide locations, and is just getting started or continuously improving.</p> <p>The Baldrige Program offers a comprehensive and proven leadership and management <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige/publications/baldrige-excellence-framework">framework</a> that focuses on results in all areas of your organization. Learn more about the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige">Baldrige Program</a>, the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige/products-services">products and services</a> available to help your organization succeed, and how to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige/self-assessing">self-assess</a> using the Baldrige framework.</p> <p>If you have any questions about Blogrige, please contact Baldrige Customer Service at <span class="spamspan"><span class="u">baldrige</span> [at] <span class="d">nist.gov</span></span>.</p> <p>The views presented here are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of NIST.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> </div> </section> </div> <div data-elastic-exclude>  <footer class="nist-footer padding-bottom-4"> <div class="grid-container nist-footer__info"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__logo"> <a href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" rel="home"> <img class="nist-footer__logo-img" src="/web/20230127195013im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/NIST-Logo-Brand-White.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology logo" width="300px" height="42px"/> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__contact"> <h3 class="nist-footer__contact-heading">HEADQUARTERS</h3> <address> 100 Bureau Drive<br> Gaithersburg, MD 20899<br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/tel:301-975-2000">301-975-2000</a> </address> <p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/mailto:do-webmaster@nist.gov">Webmaster</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us">Contact Us</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/visit">Our Other Offices</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__social-links"> <a class="nist-social nist-social--twitter-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://twitter.com/NIST"> <span>Twitter</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--facebook-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.facebook.com/NIST"> <span>Facebook</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--linkedin-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.linkedin.com/company/nist"> <span>LinkedIn</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--instagram-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.instagram.com/nist/"> <span>Instagram</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--youtube-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.youtube.com/NIST"> <span>YouTube</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--giphy-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://giphy.com/nist"> <span>Giphy</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--rss-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/nist-rss-feeds"> <span>RSS Feed</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--envelope-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscriber/new"> <span>Mailing List</span> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__feedback"> How are we doing? <a class="usa-button" rel="nofollow" href="/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/form/nist-gov-feedback?destination=/blogs/blogrige/my-life-plumber" title="Provide feedback">Feedback</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-footer__nav" role="navigation"> <ul> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/privacy-policy">Site Privacy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/oism/accessibility">Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/privacy">Privacy Program</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/oism/copyrights">Copyrights</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.commerce.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy">Vulnerability Disclosure</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/no-fear-act-policy">No Fear Act Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/office-director/freedom-information-act">FOIA</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/environmental-policy-statement">Environmental Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/summary-report-scientific-integrity">Scientific Integrity</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.nist.gov/nist-information-quality-standards">Information Quality Standards</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://www.commerce.gov/">Commerce.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/http://www.science.gov/">Science.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/http://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013/https://vote.gov/">Vote.gov</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer>  </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/1725581","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"back_to_top":{"back_to_top_button_trigger":100,"back_to_top_prevent_on_mobile":false,"back_to_top_prevent_in_admin":true,"back_to_top_button_type":"image","back_to_top_button_text":"Back to top"},"google_analytics":{"account":"UA-66610693-3","trackOutbound":true,"trackMailto":true,"trackTel":true,"trackDownload":true,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|bsh|c|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|dw(fx|g|gd)|dxf|eps|epub|exe|f(90)|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|m1v|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mobi|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|pl|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|rfa|rtf|rvt|sch|sea|sit|swf|tar|tgz|tif|txt|txz|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|wrl|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|xsd|z|zip","trackDomainMode":1},"nist_search":{"clickTracking":"search-report-click","isDebug":false,"clickTrackEnabled":true,"message":"NIST Search in debug mode. Check the browsers network inspector for Click Track reporting results..."},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"\\.gov\\\/|\\.mil\\\/|\\manufacturingusa\\.com\\\/","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"Thank you for visiting NIST. We hope your visit was informative. We have provided a link to this site because it has information that may be of interest to our users. NIST does not necessarily endorse the views expressed or the facts presented on this site. Further, NIST does not endorse any commercial products that may be advertised or available on this site. Click OK to be directed to your link.","mailtoClass":"0","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/blogs\/blogrige\/search":true,"\/comment\/reply\/node\/1725581\/comment_node_blog":true},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"582eea317b4636ab5a0dffc8c6a006df3d6901ea5610498a0bbefc925ea1da0f"},"antibot":{"forms":{"comment-form":{"id":"comment-form","key":"XDytyE7gAWRG1VSJ5XfNCdeIU0-NupWAiBNUrPHes38"}}}}</script> <script src="/web/20230127195013js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_DNL6VrEuHPrL959oUExCzGY3A7BXQIMYib7aZLaICi4.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127195013js_/https://siteimproveanalytics.com/js/siteanalyze_6017546.js" async></script> <script src="/web/20230127195013js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_tLnjTGtzObIymUEbBsNflrle1_B4MNuKl7GIqx9_TPc.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"gov-bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"37b7ccb661","applicationID":"1089704227","transactionName":"YFxUN0sADEdYVkBaClkWdwBNCA1aFnFGRhVWVWoNVgUHaHpaWkcXWFVaBks9LFtdUGJaAEB6WQ1NEw1YVVBGHltBUFMU","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":613,"atts":"TBtXQQMaH0k=","errorBeacon":"gov-bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

CINXE.COM

My Life as a Plumber | NIST