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/\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cu\u003E\u003Ci\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/2024_%D0%B5%D0%BB#Вафатлар\" title=\"2024 ел\"\u003EХәтерТактасы\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/i\u003E\u003C/u\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD/%D0%95%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\" title=\"Википедия:Акыллы Татарстан/Ел проекты\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg/12px-2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg/18px-2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg/24px-2021TatarstanYearLogo-1.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1626\" data-file-height=\"1626\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD/%D0%95%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B\" title=\"Википедия:Акыллы Татарстан/Ел проекты\"\u003EЕлПроекты\u003C/a\u003E \u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80\" title=\"Википедия:Марафоннар/Агымдагылар\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png/12px-Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png/18px-Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png/24px-Olympic_pictogram_Athletics.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"300\" data-file-height=\"300\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80\" title=\"Википедия:Марафоннар/Агымдагылар\"\u003EАгымдагыМарафоннар\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E: \u003Ci\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B1%D3%99%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B\" title=\"Википедия:Проект:Төбәк тематик атналыгы\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/World_Map_%28political%29.svg/20px-World_Map_%28political%29.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"20\" height=\"10\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/World_Map_%28political%29.svg/30px-World_Map_%28political%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/World_Map_%28political%29.svg/40px-World_Map_%28political%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1920\" data-file-height=\"975\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cu\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%B1%D3%99%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B\" title=\"Проект:Төбәк тематик атналыгы\"\u003EТөбәкАтналыгы\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/i\u003E \u003Ci\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B5_2024\" title=\"Википедия:Проект:Азия ае 2024\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/20px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"20\" height=\"22\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/30px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/40px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"555\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E \u003Cu\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B5_2024\" title=\"Проект:Азия ае 2024\"\u003EАзия ае 2024\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/u\u003E\u003C/i\u003E\u003C/small\u003E\n\u003C/small\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003Csmall\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"clear: both;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\n\u003C/small\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Эчтәлек" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Эчтәлек</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">яшерү</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Башы</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Бүгенге_көндә_телекоммуникацияләрнең_төп_тармаклары" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Бүгенге_көндә_телекоммуникацияләрнең_төп_тармаклары"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Бүгенге көндә телекоммуникацияләрнең төп тармаклары</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Бүгенге_көндә_телекоммуникацияләрнең_төп_тармаклары-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Эчтәлек" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Отобразить/Скрыть содержание" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Отобразить/Скрыть содержание</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Телекоммуникация</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перейти к статье на другом языке. Доступно на 118 языках" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-118" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">118 тел</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikasie" title="Telekommunikasie — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Telekommunikasie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicaci%C3%B3n" title="Telecomunicación — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Telecomunicación" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF" title="اتصال عن بعد — гарәп" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اتصال عن بعد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="гарәп" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicaci%C3%B3n" title="Telecomunicación — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Telecomunicación" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikasiya" title="Telekommunikasiya — әзәрбайҗан" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Telekommunikasiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="әзәрбайҗан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasyon" title="Telekomunikasyon — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Telekomunikasyon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C_(%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Сувязь (тэхніка) — белорус" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сувязь (тэхніка)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорус" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C_(%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Сувязь (тэхніка) — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сувязь (тэхніка)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Далекосъобщения — болгар" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Далекосъобщения" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%91%E1%80%AC%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%86%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%EA%A9%BB" title="ထာꩻဆှိုပ်စပ်ꩻ — Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ထာꩻဆှိုပ်စပ်ꩻ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97" title="টেলিযোগাযোগ — бенгали" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টেলিযোগাযোগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97" title="টেলিযোগাযোগ — Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="টেলিযোগাযোগ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellgehenterezhio%C3%B9" title="Pellgehenterezhioù — бретон" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pellgehenterezhioù" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikacije" title="Telekomunikacije — босния" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Telekomunikacije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босния" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicaci%C3%B3" title="Telecomunicació — каталан" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Telecomunicació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%BE%DB%95%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="دوورپەیوەندی — үзәк көрд" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دوورپەیوەندی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="үзәк көрд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikace" title="Telekomunikace — чех" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Telekomunikace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikation" title="Telekommunikation — дания" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Telekommunikation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дания" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikation" title="Telekommunikation — алман" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Telekommunikation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="алман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasyon" title="Telekomunikasyon — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Telekomunikasyon" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Τηλεπικοινωνίες — грек" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τηλεπικοινωνίες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications — инглиз" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Telecommunications" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="инглиз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikado" title="Telekomunikado — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Telekomunikado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicaci%C3%B3n" title="Telecomunicación — испан" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Telecomunicación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikatsioon" title="Telekommunikatsioon — эстон" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Telekommunikatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikazio" title="Telekomunikazio — баск" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Telekomunikazio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مخابرات — фарсы" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مخابرات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсы" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televiestint%C3%A4" title="Televiestintä — фин" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Televiestintä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications" title="Télécommunications — француз" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Télécommunications" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicazion" title="Telecomunicazion — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Telecomunicazion" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teileachumars%C3%A1id" title="Teileachumarsáid — ирланд" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teileachumarsáid" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="電信 — гань" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="電信" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="гань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9kominikasyon" title="Télékominikasyon — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Télékominikasyon" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cian-chonaltradh" title="Cian-chonaltradh — шотланд гэль" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cian-chonaltradh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотланд гэль" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicaci%C3%B3ns" title="Telecomunicacións — галисия" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Telecomunicacións" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисия" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sadarwa" title="Sadarwa — хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sadarwa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94" title="טלקומוניקציה — яһүд" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טלקומוניקציה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="яһүд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="दूरसंचार — һинд" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दूरसंचार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="һинд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikacija" title="Telekomunikacija — хорват" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Telekomunikacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорват" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekominikasyon" title="Telekominikasyon — гаити креол" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Telekominikasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаити креол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1vk%C3%B6zl%C3%A9s" title="Távközlés — венгр" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Távközlés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгр" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հեռահաղորդակցություն — әрмән" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հեռահաղորդակցություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="әрмән" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunication" title="Telecommunication — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Telecommunication" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasi" title="Telekomunikasi — индонезия" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Telekomunikasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезия" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomuniko" title="Telekomuniko — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Telekomuniko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fjarskipti" title="Fjarskipti — исланд" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fjarskipti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicazione" title="Telecomunicazione — итальян" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Telecomunicazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальян" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%97%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="電気通信 — япон" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="電気通信" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telikomiunikieshan" title="Telikomiunikieshan — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Telikomiunikieshan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ტელეკომუნიკაცია — грузин" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტელეკომუნიკაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Телекоммуникация — казакъ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Телекоммуникация" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казакъ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B3%86" title="ದೂರಸಂವಹನ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದೂರಸಂವಹನ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B8%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%8B%A0" title="전기 통신 — корея" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전기 통신" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корея" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomun%C3%AEkasyon" title="Telekomunîkasyon — көрд" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Telekomunîkasyon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="көрд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Телекоммуникация — кыргыз" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Телекоммуникация" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="кыргыз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicatio" title="Telecommunicatio — латин" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Telecommunicatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasion" title="Telekomunikasion — ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Telekomunikasion" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikatioun" title="Telekommunikatioun — люксембург" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Telekommunikatioun" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембург" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicatie" title="Telecommunicatie — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Telecommunicatie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%A1" title="ໂທລະຄົມມະນາຄົມ — лаос" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໂທລະຄົມມະນາຄົມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikacija" title="Telekomunikacija — литва" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Telekomunikacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telesakari" title="Telesakari — латыш" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Telesakari" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifandraisan-davitra" title="Fifandraisan-davitra — малагаси" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fifandraisan-davitra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагаси" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Электрокыл — луговомарийский" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Электрокыл" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="луговомарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasi" title="Telekomunikasi — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Telekomunikasi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="വിദൂരാശയവിനിമയം — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിദൂരാശയവിനിമയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasi" title="Telekomunikasi — малай" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Telekomunikasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunica%C3%A7on" title="Telecomunicaçon — мирандский" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Telecomunicaçon" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%85%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ဆက်သွယ်ရေးစနစ် — бирма" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆက်သွယ်ရေးစနစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирма" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9E%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="दूरसञ्चार — непали" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="दूरसञ्चार" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicatie" title="Telecommunicatie — голланд" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Telecommunicatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikasjon" title="Telekommunikasjon — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Telekommunikasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikasjon" title="Telekommunikasjon — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Telekommunikasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicacions" title="Telecomunicacions — окситан" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Telecomunicacions" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਦੂਰ ਸੰਚਾਰ — пәнҗаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦੂਰ ਸੰਚਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пәнҗаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicacion" title="Telecomunicacion — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Telecomunicacion" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikacja" title="Telekomunikacja — поляк" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Telekomunikacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ٹیلی مواصلات — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹیلی مواصلات" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مخابرات — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مخابرات" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunica%C3%A7%C3%B5es" title="Telecomunicações — португал" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Telecomunicações" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karuwillanakuna" title="Karuwillanakuna — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Karuwillanakuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istorgia_da_la_telecommunicaziun" title="Istorgia da la telecommunicaziun — ретороман" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Istorgia da la telecommunicaziun" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="ретороман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunica%C8%9Bie" title="Telecomunicație — румын" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Telecomunicație" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румын" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Электросвязь — рус" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Электросвязь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="рус" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Телекомунікації — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Телекомунікації" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecomunicatzione" title="Telecomunicatzione — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Telecomunicatzione" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BD%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A_%DA%AA%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%86" title="ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن — синдһи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдһи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikacije" title="Telekomunikacije — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Telekomunikacije" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="яхшы мәкаләләр"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="විදුලි සංදේශනය — сингал" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විදුලි සංදේශනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunication" title="Telecommunication — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Telecommunication" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunik%C3%A1cie" title="Telekomunikácie — словак" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Telekomunikácie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словак" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikacije" title="Telekomunikacije — словен" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Telekomunikacije" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словен" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isgaarsiinta" title="Isgaarsiinta — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Isgaarsiinta" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikimet" title="Telekomunikimet — албан" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Telekomunikimet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Телекомуникације — серб" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Телекомуникације" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="серб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9komunikasi" title="Télékomunikasi — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Télékomunikasi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekommunikation" title="Telekommunikation — швед" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Telekommunikation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швед" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mawasiliano_ya_simu" title="Mawasiliano ya simu — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mawasiliano ya simu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="தொலைத்தொடர்பு — тамил" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொலைத்தொடர்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="దూరప్రసారం — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దూరప్రసారం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Мухобирот — таҗик" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мухобирот" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таҗик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1" title="โทรคมนาคม — тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โทรคมนาคม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika_we_aragatna%C5%9Fyk_in%C5%BEenerligi" title="Elektronika we aragatnaşyk inženerligi — төрекмән" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Elektronika we aragatnaşyk inženerligi" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="төрекмән" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasyon" title="Telekomunikasyon — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Telekomunikasyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekom%C3%BCnikasyon" title="Telekomünikasyon — төрек" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Telekomünikasyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="төрек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Телекомунікації — украин" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Телекомунікації" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ٹیلی مواصلات — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹیلی مواصلات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektr_aloqa" title="Elektr aloqa — үзбәк" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Elektr aloqa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="үзбәк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%C5%82ecomunicasion" title="Tełecomunicasion — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Tełecomunicasion" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%85n_th%C3%B4ng" title="Viễn thông — вьетнам" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Viễn thông" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telekomunikasyon" title="Telekomunikasyon — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Telekomunikasyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="电信 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电信" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A2" title="טעלעקאמוניקאציע — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טעלעקאמוניקאציע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cb%C3%A1nis%E1%BB%8D%CC%80r%E1%BB%8D%CC%80-%E1%BB%8D%CC%80%E1%BB%8D%CC%81k%C3%A1n" title="Ìbánisọ̀rọ̀-ọ̀ọ́kán — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìbánisọ̀rọ̀-ọ̀ọ́kán" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="电信 — кытай" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="电信" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кытай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-s%C3%ACn" title="Tiān-sìn — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-sìn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A8%8A" title="電訊 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電訊" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezokuxhumakude" title="Ezokuxhumakude — зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ezokuxhumakude" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q418#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Башка телләргә сылтамалар өстәү" class="wbc-editpage">Сылтамалар өстәү</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Исемара"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Мәкаләнең эчтәлеге [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Мәкалә</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D3%99%D1%85%D3%99%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Төп бит турында фикер алышу (бит юк) [t]" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=history" title="Битнең төзәтмәләре исемлеге [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Тарихын карау</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Кораллар" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Кораллар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Кораллар</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">яшерү</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Өстәмә гамәлләр" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Гамәлләр </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F"><span>Уку</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&veaction=edit" title="Бу битне үзгәртү [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Үзгәртү</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit" title="Бу битнең чыгыш кодын үзгәртү [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Вики-текстны үзгәртү</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=history"><span>Тарихын карау</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Гомуми </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D3%99_%D1%8E%D0%BD%D3%99%D0%BB%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бирегә сылтаган барлык битләрнең исемлеге [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Бу биткә сылтамалар</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D2%A3%D0%B3%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" rel="nofollow" title="Бу биттән сылтамалар бирелгән битләрдә соңгы үзгәрешләр [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Бәйләнешле үзгәрешләр</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Барлык махсус битләр исемлеге [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Махсус битләр</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&oldid=2504347" title="Битнең бу редакциясенә даими сылтама"><span>Даими сылтама</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tt" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3791745">.mw-parser-output .ts-Универсаль_калып-above{background:#eaecf0;font-weight:bold;font-size:120%;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ts-Универсаль_калып-original,.mw-parser-output .ts-Универсаль_калып-image{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ts-Универсаль_калып-label{width:9em}.mw-parser-output .ts-Универсаль_калып-split{vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ts-Универсаль_калып-below{background:#eaecf0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ts-Универсаль_калып-error{background:#fee7e6;border-color:#b32424}</style> <table cellspacing="2" class="infobox"> <tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-above ts-Универсаль_калып-above">Телекоммуникация</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ts-Универсаль_калып-image"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P18" data-wikidata-claim-id="q418$859F8581-2DD4-4A73-8588-45937825073A"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Amfm3.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Сурәт"><img alt="Сурәт" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Amfm3.gif/250px-Amfm3.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Amfm3.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></span></span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ts-Универсаль_калып-image"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P10" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q418$6C8C8F97-D700-4B16-9A69-99646E682DF8"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm/250px--Denboran_atzera.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="250" height="141" data-durationhint="96" data-mwtitle="Denboran_atzera.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm/Denboran_atzera.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm/Denboran_atzera.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm/Denboran_atzera.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm/Denboran_atzera.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm/Denboran_atzera.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm/Denboran_atzera.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Denboran_atzera.webm/Denboran_atzera.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span></span></span></span></td></tr> <tr><th class="infobox-label ts-Универсаль_калып-label">Тематик география</th><td class="infobox-text"> <span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P2633" data-wikidata-claim-id="Q418$d228e466-4306-412b-0e42-04d95c79c4e2"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_telecommunications&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geography of telecommunications (бит юк)">geography of telecommunications</a><sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3123418" class="extiw" title="d:Q3123418">[d]</a></sup></span></span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below ts-Универсаль_калып-below"><span class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P373" data-wikidata-claim-id="q418$78FE6369-A623-44F9-AF17-3FF5148F9E5D"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" title="commons:Category:Telecommunications"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Telecommunications">Телекоммуникация Викиҗыентыкта</a></span></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Телекоммуникация</b> — теле (грек теленнән тәрҗемә иткәндә – "ерак" дигәнне аңлата) һәм коммуникация (латыни белән тәрҗемә иткәндә – "хәбәр, элемтә") һәм "ерак элемтә" яки "элемтә, ерак арага хәбәр"дигәнне аңлата. </p><p>Телекоммуникацияләр-теләсә нинди элемтә формалары, мәгълүматны зур ераклыкка тапшыру ысуллары. Телекоммуникацияләр-электрон, электромагнит, челтәр, компьютер һәм мәгълүмати технологияләр кулланып, мәгълүматны тапшыру, алу һәм эшкәртү процесслары. </p><p>Телекоммуникацион технологияләр буенча белгечнең белемнәре һәм осталыгы яртылаш - мәгълүмат технологияләре (программалаштыру, настройка, конфигурирование, телекоммуникацион системалар, җиһазлар, элемтә беркетмәләре куллану) һәм яртылаш - эш принципларын белү, телекоммуникацион җайланмалар, җайланмалар һәм системалар проеклаштыра белү. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Бүгенге_көндә_телекоммуникацияләрнең_төп_тармаклары"><span id=".D0.91.D2.AF.D0.B3.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B3.D0.B5_.D0.BA.D3.A9.D0.BD.D0.B4.D3.99_.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.BC.D1.83.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.86.D0.B8.D1.8F.D0.BB.D3.99.D1.80.D0.BD.D0.B5.D2.A3_.D1.82.D3.A9.D0.BF_.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.BA.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.8B"></span>Бүгенге көндә телекоммуникацияләрнең төп тармаклары</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&veaction=edit&section=1" title="«Бүгенге көндә телекоммуникацияләрнең төп тармаклары» исемле бүлекне үзгәртү" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үзгәртү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «Бүгенге көндә телекоммуникацияләрнең төп тармаклары»"><span>вики-текстны үзгәртү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Интернет, мобиль элемтә, мәгълүматлар тапшыру челтәре (чыбыксыз, күпләп-күпләп-ваклап сату һәм тд.), элемтәнең спутник системалары, цифрлы һәм салым телевидениесе, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Телефон">телефон</a> элемтәсе, электрон банкинг. елекоммуникация-ул телефон, компьютер модемнары, спутник һәм җепселле-оптик кабельләр кебек электрон җиһазлар ярдәмендә элемтә. </p><p>Телекоммуникацион системаларны абоненттан җирле коммутаторларга (җирле линияләргә) телекоммуникация кабельләре, коммутация чаралары үз эченә ала, алар абонент белән аралашуны тәэмин итә, линияләр яки каналлар белән тоташтыра, алар коммутаторлар һәм, әлбәттә, абонент арасында шалтыратулар бирә. </p><p>20 гасыр башыннан алып 20 гасыр уртасына кадәр телефон алмашу, электромеханик коммутатор системалары, кабельләр, ретрансляторлар, системалар, микродулкынлы җиһазлар кебек яңалыклар барлыкка килде. </p><p>1950 нче елларда 1984 нче елга кадәр бу тармакта яңа технологияләр үсеш ала. Мәсәлән, спутник һәм камилләштерелгән кабель системалары, цифрлы һәм җепселле-оптик технологияләр һәм видеотелефон элемтә. Коммуникацияләр тармагы тулысынча компьютерлаштырылган иде. Әлеге модификацияләрнең барысы да дөньяның бөтен илләре буенча телекоммуникацион системаларның таралуына ярдәм итте. </p><p>1984 елда суд карары белән Кушма Штатларда <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Америка">Америка</a> телеграф корпорациясе монополияы һәм телефон (AT&T) җимерелә. Бу вакыйга телекоммуникация тармагы технологиясендәге күп кенә зур үзгәрешләргә туры килде. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980_%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1980 нче ел (бит юк)">1980 нче елга</a> кадәр барлык илләрдә дә диярлек телекоммуникация хезмәтләренең җәмәгать хезмәтләре булып саналуы һәм монопольне тәэмин итүче закон кысаларында эшләве санала. Икътисади активлык үсү белән бергә яңа технологияләр барлыкка килү телекоммуникация индустриясен хосусыйлаштыруга китерде. Бу тенденция үзенең кульминациясенә иреште, AT&T үзенең монопольле торышыннан мәхрүм ителде һәм АКШның телекоммуникация системаларын дәүләти җайга салу туктатылды. Кайбер башка илләрдә хәзер Бу Мәктәпкә Охшаган приватизацион процесслар бара. </p><p>1984 елдан соң техник прогресс нәтиҗәсендә бөтен дөнья буенча кешеләргә универсаль хезмәт күрсәтә алырлык телекоммуникация системалары таратыла. Бу хәлләр, кайчан телекоммуникацион технологияләр объединяются башка мәгълүмати технологияләр белән чиктәш өлкәләрдә кебек электроника һәм эшкәртү мәгълүматлар. </p><p><br /> </p> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"><div><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A7%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Чыганакларга сылтамалар"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/48px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/72px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/96px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> </td> <td class="ambox-text"><b>Әлеге мәкаләдә мәгълүмат <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A7%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81%D3%99%D1%82%D2%AF" title="Википедия:Чыганакларны күрсәтү">чыганаклары күрсәтелмәгән</a>.</b><div class="ambox-text-small"><small>Мәгълүматны <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Википедия:Тикшереп булучанлык">тикшерү</a> җиңел булырга тиеш, башка очракта ул, шик астына куелып, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D2%AF" title="Википедия:Мәкалә бетерү">бетерелергә</a> мөмкин.<br />Сез, мәкаләне <a class="external text" href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit">төзәтеп</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Википедия:Абруйлы чыганаклар">абруйлы чыганакларга</a> сылтамалар куя аласыз.</small></div> </td> <td class="widthhack"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"><div><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BC:%D0%AF%D2%A3%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%83" title="Мәкаләне яхшырту"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> </td> <td class="ambox-text"><b>Бу <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99" title="Википедия:Мәкалә">мәкаләнең</a> сыйфатын арттырыр өчен түбәндәгеләрне эшләргә кирәк<sup style="line-height:0;font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:Rq" class="mw-redirect" title="Википедия:Rq">?</a></sup>:</b><div class="ambox-text-small"><ul> <li>Мәкаләне <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99_%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Википедия:Мәкалә төпчекләре">тулыландырырга</a> (мәкалә бик кыска) <br /></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D3%99%D2%AF" title="Википедия:Проект:Төркемләү">Тематик төркемнәрне куярга</a></li><li>Мәкаләне <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D2%AF" title="Википедия:Викиләштерү">викиләштерергә</a> <br /></li><li>Мәкаләдәге <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Википедия:Тикшереп булучанлык">фактларны тикшерергә</a> <br /></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D3%99%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%80" title="Википедия:Рәсемнәр">Рәсемнәр</a> өстәргә <br /></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></div> </td> <td class="widthhack"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style"> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nuvola_apps_important_recycle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Nuvola_apps_important_recycle.svg/45px-Nuvola_apps_important_recycle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Nuvola_apps_important_recycle.svg/68px-Nuvola_apps_important_recycle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Nuvola_apps_important_recycle.svg/90px-Nuvola_apps_important_recycle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> </td> <td class="ambox-text"><b>Әлеге мәкалә/бүлек төптән үзгәртүне таләп итә.</b><div class="ambox-text-small">Бу калып мәкаләдә/бүлектә күрсәтелгән җитешсезлекләрне <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80_%D2%BB%D3%99%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D2%A3%D3%99%D1%88%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Википедия:Кагыйдәләр һәм киңәшләр">мәкаләләр язу кагыйдәләре</a> таләпләре буенча төзәтү зарур.<br />Өстәмә мәгълүмат өчен, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D3%99%D1%85%D3%99%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бәхәс:Телекоммуникация (бит юк)">мәкаләнең бәхәс битен карагыз</a>.</div> </td> <td class="widthhack"> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Чыганак — <a dir="ltr" href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Телекоммуникация&oldid=2504347">https://tt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Телекоммуникация&oldid=2504347</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%80" title="Махсус:Төркемнәр">Төркем</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Төркем:Технология">Технология</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Яшерен төркемнәр: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B4%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Төркем:Википедия:Мәгълүмат дөреслеге шик астына салынган мәкаләләр">Википедия:Мәгълүмат дөреслеге шик астына салынган мәкаләләр</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%A2%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Төркем:Тәмамланмаган мәкаләләр">Тәмамланмаган мәкаләләр</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Төркем:Википедия:Төркемнәрсез мәкаләләр">Википедия:Төркемнәрсез мәкаләләр</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D2%AF_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Төркем:Викиләштерү мәкаләләре">Викиләштерү мәкаләләре</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D3%99%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Төркем:Википедия:Рәсемнәрсез мәкаләләр">Википедия:Рәсемнәрсез мәкаләләр</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BC:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Төркем:Википедия:Чистартуга">Википедия:Чистартуга</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Бу бит соңгы тапкыр 1 авг 2020 көнендә 12:42 вакытында үзгәртелде.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текст <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ru">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a> лицензиясе буенча бирелә, аерым очракларда өстәмә шартлар булырга мөмкин. 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