CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '914c6ccc4b054b68',cH: 'TiQhEGgHodXgxYwCi8TUkc3TCbXZ2hxiu0tTU0Bs9Ic-1740032785-1.2.1.1-_knlp8SYYxnj960wAb76Q5gSzZB4NLMEnq2JMdZ.HCNV_dVOrY.zTg_kKtuPTjjR',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=coherent%20detection&__cf_chl_tk=CeGuy5VV9.cg9NkMpjeLSxeu006nrPoD.66GP5CqjtY-1740032785-1.0.1.1-yLCLEgHMfDM9cJ7rZ_vQixcNJ75xRCraimJMQUyiA4g",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1740032785',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=coherent%20detection&__cf_chl_f_tk=CeGuy5VV9.cg9NkMpjeLSxeu006nrPoD.66GP5CqjtY-1740032785-1.0.1.1-yLCLEgHMfDM9cJ7rZ_vQixcNJ75xRCraimJMQUyiA4g",md: "ZtANoHZLP06F4k.ICoxZX9y9amtknXbV7hQs3_CcVkc-1740032785-1.2.1.1-yLc5r7llcBhqzBNerUonO3yM2xb6kAGm6IPxtQjXIxCQzgifL86Akde_pexpTUFCE6WL.XCLFv9ii45LvSF7IcXB6Jv35kkQQQOZAD0tWRodk26DZNnFiVoei_wrdKRrM0z87X27Q1ngBLKCo5TGbNCc3SS.zFl2RvP09kclDcJQPImn2b3zpvY06iJ0PpTAQmaAFZVQTW80k2jLr2DnksdpyPOZwUiECDjjMn1UIvoX6L7ooJYRLzhvUoRGrbmcb2mYx83lYLUIO9UWXJLBnuxc7RHtMe47DgMIhDMF2VSaHb161mjRuS2iMXu7yda2ZYz4i90u5umpdvGifDjuuN7IxmoD1rrMeejvQPxOszGtaV0sv9cM7HH6Ez5RtiUiBgaDAEDKyN4iNRQBpwyGHobZtKq.4eQeYHA_UV4eFEdwUaTCF1waNMz78VLC.UFj.u3fZjIA53SUxF_BowvB_JNkvBbmSeOs.5QAC18xcAgAti6F6QcNLnd6TpevWkl96tlXtxIliTzuFmsAa6mU3QkCbU7qZoFu.oXOv4M7BqAr8jO8.oYllsaBJP1VZZfx5w47Qw55fD0oX3IyB4k0qogEGL._vcgMXh26dpUTmqcB7P6KwzY8B_akvLSc6WBV1aGhm0yZpqcF0BoRNGVCzIUdFsPdzsAPJPX1FhfdMxv3_iu9qNiC3_UcZUxKGfapmgmTkbESybSm_2BNwQrCFnQrDIzrdVAigIRd1Z5hDn4rcXiP6Tz6dok8EgnqA897R0565ao52_v3fu_ZoOG06_XkACVWaB1PDu8URJTRuaIU566VxzaPCRSLR1f2NKNr0anxxxdKeTQOgB39.7Ae9zo.fylRZjG4zFCOa4FjFKGhGMmgMmtmAeb7qJmeFKYxktWn53HMX.NaE19.f3y5hhpcfHDqjz6Z8uzTPt5KEVPYuRRh3zqdK1c7x0cuujAPWFzYa1wRRzh.4Ngg.HeVO9RF_ebhtMC0uhdsd8tt9cvGw5jciYNa7cB0ScQ83pBCqsVZ7mD1onjyLARmaUEGi0qHXseqGrcKkvEATI6yZfOHkZmaPfCezotCLmHw71QUN6Io9a_8iaXlP3i5G.uIYRkytK95GMZTSEN8gcFhFjKAtnB5x.UDkgJ8hHVh1sMOujzgySWqZ4nkFLMDYZyx1GXCo7m0s9SeuCfcjqOshi5WmZjqhKQihiMV8zWOetHnwikBFDnCkDikJaH4gaYFOO6RKd9ln4NtqCZT3qNziiIaFRTENOdTcFPOrHvDDEfgBhPaHbTMADVAC7mDl4nbacCQbWFFENVhFan3ybqSbTEub9tqaU5oAV4cGaRI70KlgO6L5XF9OSCqMA12aXrTmX_wrDzN03nteUFqWZJDOnaXb.OIVZ1V1CEX2nkn9_rWX_OKAA8SCHL.rVtGenAaAjg6C8Do0j73P71.1vzI1O4wW5x11uxlkBhBiDPeHlGUqpQcU8bY4hJ5y9U3d1hA4l4BJ28kLre9_GYyUNu9TpdEMDb1Wx0PIum6TNRvoPm2OTwqBohzLVAaWu9GTlUR2Nlc3fUxq7pU2eb2tdmqN33I3FRbQC2PqZYlyUa18FFxd2m0UOvEbdTqULLA4VJDFNnX8Pj8B78SYA1chMLP4mxjrklWJiyiwyXGsbBdQLAIsprfgCRw_cxsfYRjtoxEqpmnLU9_Mzyk4gVw0rzJsoyDgWqvaaqPDEhbM5Gv51aTOJxCHz380IV9vRMk6ixLUVAvISySkmTI2QGlP0E34_94bfVMXp_YwZF.Dp_seZigZCbRC087qNkILJqBKR0K3PQZwW9pWo_lC_V.eRE3hxJ9H313of3elAJM7y1H26tXj4EwIjma0Yn9L3sjzeHgCWLibnZeomKKsqm_3qL1fQ.r8QxfhgVj2ZEbk2SwZ.KPFCufsnaJlbYoCCq2xT_yGYPJPa_NX5PpkuUOTtzcKBU",mdrd: "7VyXpU2vJssASvi.NMYODdmbuUxsANokdZgkpMw4mH8-1740032785-1.2.1.1-7MkpUMFQ6HYU__d9y5nEB6zXmTe4Qx7fUNJPjCY1X_9_AXCQvR.MT9zRwvjv6fcsEiWRFk69QbKvmSNezYNVtf5fCSfnbDaXBbY4nm4vPgOzhg6z5Jwzls3yBrlxF8KoS.x8ks7w.g5EjRhRr9lQ_37FyTNIs83Hq0CpL02PRCOK81qj2lxfw_QLttvRJnIpz2jpgLbDigCmNBw0jfeb932y3XiDBI.86zC6KQrIAlnCoYZc6AaFG2rzm6LLj0G0gCK9awVT.RyehLxhifNil9QKZEOr1n9iy9a7Z.cFdD3iR8lbkk9I0.EBS_.c9oJWcELMY8h5sDv88_HzCZZRswOy_IXyVkGg8g4AVnqUDpIOU9lhTo9HhrBECfe_18TRB65QI65jI6bORPH4pmb9lfkRkwmGlzxnMiao6__RPHRAl59ZgIJZcrpAq9IguenaqhT1tOzt0V4pBXiH2c_3YueGdcpb2Wi1OJgp4KFfmK469fHz01RiHkXpdvjoOO6RBl2Obt08n3FMtT7Y6eeFNvzx5Z4exftxvSsAxbvsf3KK_6YegrDiywvzulu_DM_xWfLQqg5oSxloo_8YwpwzOFJn00J4h0HwDLLa2b6FMru2XafsVJruTJ9ljyBoFUBEmHN0D1ORjammK19sfX.oM1JootIsCl6NwvqSCiJWJU31A29u8y1MX0CaSQJ20byANnYKGX3DX.GeSw1SJ0NsCZwwt0B9gxqbR9LmluMhk.bT1cTPtiK5azI1VMY1B7WpURItlqs01GWI2je2Cl7GGVLNttwEQw5ze3617fDeQewrWTT2v9yCnxJZ41dsPquBGF9BytJxEg4zhNB5DACHltELY1qlaacsA7CzffM6winMvketTT1Xsmt6dVHnkgHyKIt5Zz.OoSRsRPGrBhntzZPcrfUJgQt7WONfj_KNwaMHfEnat031vur1Yme43vuhq7iy2Bvi7Grc0gVvEE1kugnIHqJ0Tdxi1LGhqDnbg8RdhKKoOJnlF89jFw1evcHWMBAmK2qy.Il636CmA0mFlYnh_B8RQ.jTHshSTsClDB0X0dZUQiNd4s4_9Ae260s5IaBSY1_0zeKNhIyrEEIreG492LkDz3YAqaG5TjdGk8elpYQwwIE9zH2YSCy1YNDiU52Z81sc_AAW.MFXs_e.Qrb1hZSU6Q0CLE9w_SpEyet1r1tFV2HuGkjC2z7qyJpu.vckDZ2EeYNUzR63JBC7d7DIDSGipm01aPqyWxEJb_fPara4erOa7s3K4YrfzkjNPDf7.uqvoPoC1T9gQtEmlzhDzBeZJlFgLiRWuCJbAj0wd8lSK6AoTFbKU9OEy6nCkV9c6nDrZjxU._NE5bA8FULgvKBjRKbgNb.I9f085UNwHDsXA63TqG7BhGaCFfc.YPNEfKmlSlbS8AVtOGEOhW7vKABYuvvWyqSnZAeTg27exabOzbZn8TilWd6ILSKyvSv5aMNUMnqeta3bAEHk7FVLXpgWk2O3KBPBWXV7Ccu3uVzvgA6E_uzdj5GsSjW25qdFaVkqu.jQAcSMiHGK1bfDeA3XedQPPLgCTjYlpBiqA9ik5HASwVV5E8_xWBH6rZK5P9Va_9rbyd39pqND1jlAEy_.JT6RuMtUv3XtjyLJKcRKB9GcFhASvR00wYmwumTgMvGRanVDBOuyF6nbIMxBDuwoQZyrBK1tIzNGKeJkD37zrnsdCupAHJJDzBm9wMbrr4U8k9BKbUevxfhz5NVg4hYmPvmzTRm_mTEzyaNgj96hb_baY6r_I5ltV7lLZbszojl02XDFk.X6z8NSOFOpk_gZRJIc1f.QCCuRWw0Vt9PlOFuMz66rSJbPLuFEde1od4baI_VDKM_uZXIhtSia52E8cqNqm.qa5j3Yiu5nDlst3iLs0vBH1ipaxEThPCLeewSupshY_wCV8TlpOpgQmNT1095CLA4FafTxp0nZpXRJYCvwfGXZP4DN4Ncq"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=914c6ccc4b054b68';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=coherent%20detection&__cf_chl_rt_tk=CeGuy5VV9.cg9NkMpjeLSxeu006nrPoD.66GP5CqjtY-1740032785-1.0.1.1-yLCLEgHMfDM9cJ7rZ_vQixcNJ75xRCraimJMQUyiA4g" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>