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funding</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: State funding"> <meta name="keywords" content="State funding"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="State funding"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2144</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: State funding</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2144</span> The Political Economy of Police Corruption in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tosin%20Osasona">Tosin Osasona</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The Nigeria Police Force bears the constitutional mandate as the primary policing agency for the protection of life and property within Nigeria; however, the police have an historical ill-reputation for corruption, ineptitude and impunity. Using the institutional theory of police as the framework of analysis, the paper argues that the performance of the police in Nigeria mirrors the dominant political, social and economic institutions and the structural environment of the Nigerian state. The article puts in perspective the deliberate political decision to underfund the police, leaving officers of the force the extra task of foraging for funds to undertake the duty that the Nigeria state primarily exists for; the article further explores the nexus between corruption in the police in Nigeria and the issue of funding. The article finds that the Nigerian state, by deliberately under-funding the police, while expecting the agency to perform its duties, has indirectly sanctioned the corruption of the force and approved the cooption of the institution of police and policing for private use in Nigeria.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Funding" title="Funding">Funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=policing" title=" policing"> policing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nigeria%20Police%20Force" title=" Nigeria Police Force"> Nigeria Police Force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=corruption." title=" corruption."> corruption.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/the-political-economy-of-police-corruption-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2143</span> Social Aspects and Successfully Funding a Crowd-Funding Project: The Impact of Social Information</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peggy%20S.%20C.%20van%20Teunenbroek">Peggy S. C. van Teunenbroek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Recently, philanthropic crowd-funding -the raising of external funding from a large audience via social networks or social media- emerged as a new funding instrument for the Dutch cultural sector. However, such philanthropic crowdfunding in the US and the Netherlands is less successful than any other form of crowdfunding. We argue that social aspects are an important stimulus in philanthropic crowd-funding since previous research has shown that crowdfunding is stimulated by something beyond financial merits. Put simply, crowd-funding seems to be a socially motivated activity. In this paper we focus on the effect of social information, described as information about the donation behavior of previous donors. Using a classroom experiment we demonstrated a positive effect of social information on the donation behavior in crowdfunding campaigns. Our study extends previous research by showing who is affected by social information and why, and highlights how social information can be used to stimulate individuals to donate more to crowdfunding projects.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Online%20donation%20behavior" title="Online donation behavior">Online donation behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=philanthropic%20crowd-funding" title=" philanthropic crowd-funding"> philanthropic crowd-funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=social%20information" title=" social information"> social information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=social%20influence" title=" social influence"> social influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=social%20motivation." title=" social motivation."> social motivation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/social-aspects-and-successfully-funding-a-crowd-funding-project-the-impact-of-social-information" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1737</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2142</span> Bibliometric Analysis of the Impact of Funding on Scientific Development of Researchers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ashkan%20Ebadi">Ashkan Ebadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Andrea%20Schiffauerova"> Andrea Schiffauerova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Every year, a considerable amount of money is being invested on research, mainly in the form of funding allocated to universities and research institutes. To better distribute the available funds and to set the most proper R&D investment strategies for the future, evaluation of the productivity of the funded researchers and the impact of such funding is crucial. In this paper, using the data on 15 years of journal publications of the NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering research Council of Canada) funded researchers and by means of bibliometric analysis, the scientific development of the funded researchers and their scientific collaboration patterns will be investigated in the period of 1996-2010. According to the results it seems that there is a positive relation between the average level of funding and quantity and quality of the scientific output. In addition, whenever funding allocated to the researchers has increased, the number of co-authors per paper has also augmented. Hence, the increase in the level of funding may enable researchers to get involved in larger projects and/or scientific teams and increase their scientific output respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bibliometrics" title="Bibliometrics">Bibliometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Collaboration" title=" Collaboration"> Collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Funding" title=" Funding"> Funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Productivity." title=" Productivity."> Productivity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/bibliometric-analysis-of-the-impact-of-funding-on-scientific-development-of-researchers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1717</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2141</span> Gender Differences in Research Output, Funding and Collaboration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ashkan%20Ebadi">Ashkan Ebadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Andrea%20Schiffauerova"> Andrea Schiffauerova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In spite of the global efforts toward gender equality, female researchers are still underrepresented in professional scientific activities. The gender gap is more seen in engineering and math-intensive technological scientific fields thus calling for a specific attention. This paper focuses on the Canadian funded researchers who are active in natural sciences and engineering, and analyses the gender aspects of researchers’ performance, their scientific collaboration patterns as well as their share of the federal funding within the period of 2000 to 2010. Our results confirm the existence of gender disparity among the examined Canadian researchers. Although it was observed that male researchers have been performing better in terms of number of publications, the impact of the research was almost the same for both genders. In addition, it was observed that research funding is more biased towards male researchers and they have more control over their scientific community as well.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bibliometrics" title="Bibliometrics">Bibliometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=collaboration" title=" collaboration"> collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=funding" title=" funding"> funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gender%20differences" title=" gender differences"> gender differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=research%20output." title=" research output."> research output.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/gender-differences-in-research-output-funding-and-collaboration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1551</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2140</span> Comparative Analysis of the Public Funding for Greek Universities: An Ordinal DEA/MCDM Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yiannis%20Smirlis"> Yiannis Smirlis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dimitris%20K.%20Despotis"> Dimitris K. Despotis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study performs a comparative analysis of the 21 Greek Universities in terms of their public funding, awarded for covering their operating expenditure. First it introduces a DEA/MCDM model that allocates the fund into four expenditure factors in the most favorable way for each university. Then, it presents a common, consensual assessment model to reallocate the amounts, remaining in the same level of total public budget. From the analysis it derives that a number of universities cannot justify the public funding in terms of their size and operational workload. For them, the sufficient reduction of their public funding amount is estimated as a future target. Due to the lack of precise data for a number of expenditure criteria, the analysis is based on a mixed crisp-ordinal data set. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" Data envelopment analysis"> Data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Greek%20universities" title=" Greek universities"> Greek universities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=operating%20expenditures" title=" operating expenditures"> operating expenditures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ordinal%20data." title=" ordinal data."> ordinal data.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/comparative-analysis-of-the-public-funding-for-greek-universities-an-ordinal-deamcdm-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16126.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1766</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2139</span> Political Finance in Africa: Ethiopia as a Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wondwosen%20Teshome%20B.">Wondwosen Teshome B.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Since 1991 Ethiopia has officially adopted multi-party democracy. At present, there are 89 registered political parties in the country. Though political parties play an important role in the functioning of a democratic government, how to fund them is an issue of major concern. Political parties and individual candidates running for political office have to raise funds for election campaigns, and to survive as political candidates. The aim of this paper is to examine party funding problems in Africa by taking the case of Ethiopia as an example. The paper also evaluates the motives of local and international donors in giving financial and material support to political parties in emerging democracies and assesses the merits and de-merits of their donations.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=State%20funding" title=" State funding"> State funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Political%20finance" title=" Political finance"> Political finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Political%20party" title=" Political party"> Political party</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Western%20donors." title=" Western donors."> Western donors.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/political-finance-in-africa-ethiopia-as-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8779.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2138</span> Blockchain for Decentralized Finance: Impact, Challenges and Remediation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rishabh%20Garg">Rishabh Garg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Blockchain technology can allow remote, untrusted parties in the banking and financial sector to reach consensus on the state of databases without the involvement of gatekeepers. Like a bookkeeper, it can manage all financial transactions including payments, settlements, fundraising, securities management, loans, credits and trade finance. It can outperform existing systems in terms of identity verification, asset transfers, peer-to-peer transfers, hedge funds, security and auditability. Blockchain-based decentralized finance (DeFi) is a new financial protocol. Being open and programmable, it enables various DeFi use-cases, including asset management, tokenization, tokenized derivatives, decentralized autonomous organizations, data analysis and valuation, payments, lending and borrowing, insurance, margin trading, prediction market, gambling and yield-farming, etc. In addition, it can ease financial transactions, cash-flow, use of programmable currency, no-loss lotteries, etc. This paper aims to assess the potential of decentralized finance by leveraging the blockchain-enabled Ethereum platform as an alternative to traditional finance. The study also aims to find out the impact of decentralized finance on prediction markets, quadratic funding and crowd-funding, together with the potential challenges and solutions associated with its implementation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Advance%20trading" title="Advance trading">Advance trading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=crowd%20funding" title=" crowd funding"> crowd funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=exchange%20tokens" title=" exchange tokens"> exchange tokens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fund%20aggregation" title=" fund aggregation"> fund aggregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=margin%20trading" title=" margin trading"> margin trading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quadratic%20funding" title=" quadratic funding"> quadratic funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=smart%20contracts" title=" smart contracts"> smart contracts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=streaming%20money" title=" streaming money"> streaming money</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=token%20derivatives." title=" token derivatives."> token derivatives.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/blockchain-for-decentralized-finance-impact-challenges-and-remediation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2137</span> Welfare States vs. States of Resources: A Question of Governance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nikoloudi%20Anastasia"> Nikoloudi Anastasia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tsalampouni%20Aikaterini"> Tsalampouni Aikaterini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The present paper aims to present the significant role that the concept of governance can play in order to combine naturals resources as useful funding basis for the formation of a stable and effective welfare state model. The combination of those two different fields aims to represent the modern trends of our era as the means to solve the severe financial and economic issues caused mostly due to the malfunction of the welfare state and its public sector. European Union and Asian countries (especially China) are the main areas of interest since EU experiences a fiscal and economic crisis while China rules the area of the natural resources exploiting 97% of rare earths elements worldwide.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Governance" title=" Governance"> Governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=natural%20resources" title=" natural resources"> natural resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rare%20earths%20elements" title=" rare earths elements"> rare earths elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=welfare%20state." title=" welfare state."> welfare state.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/welfare-states-vs-states-of-resources-a-question-of-governance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2061</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2136</span> The Management and Funding of Education in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Teryima%20Oralu">Teryima Oralu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Babatunde%20Kasim%20Oladele"> Babatunde Kasim Oladele</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper looks at the management and funding of education in Nigeria. The concept of management and administration has been concisely defined. Also the historical background of educational management in Nigeria has been discussed alongside the management of primary education, secondary education and tertiary education in Nigeria. Furthermore, the funding of education has also been concisely discussed in this paper alongside the various sources of funds available to education in Nigeria. The sources include government grant, school fees, external aids, school revenue yielding businesses and so on. The budgetary allocation of Nigeria to education from 1999 to 2013 was also highlighted in this in paper and it was discovered that the lowest allocation was in 1999 with 4.46% while the highest allocation was in 2006 with 10.43%. It is also of note that, Nigeria is still yet to meet the recommendation of UNESCO of 26% budgetary allocation to education by developing countries. Recommendations have been drawn that the government should increase budgetary allocation to this sector in a consistent manner because of its importance to the national economy, hoping that with proper monitoring of fund, it would contribute more significantly to the development of the country. An effective utilization of such funds is also advocated for greater achievements. All organs of the government should exhibit good corporate governance and transparency and so on.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Education" title="Education">Education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=funding" title=" funding"> funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nigeria." title=" Nigeria."> Nigeria.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/the-management-and-funding-of-education-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004676.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7544</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2135</span> A Study on a Research and Development Cost-Estimation Model in Korea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Babakina%20Alexandra">Babakina Alexandra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yong%20Soo%20Kim"> Yong Soo Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this study, we analyzed the factors that affect research funds using linear regression analysis to increase the effectiveness of investments in national research projects. We collected 7,916 items of data on research projects that were in the process of being finished or were completed between 2010 and 2011. Data pre-processing and visualization were performed to derive statistically significant results. We identified factors that affected funding using analysis of fit distributions and estimated increasing or decreasing tendencies based on these factors.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R%26D%20funding" title="R&D funding">R&D funding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cost%20estimation" title=" Cost estimation"> Cost estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Linear%20regression" title=" Linear regression"> Linear regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Preliminary%20feasibility%20study." title=" Preliminary feasibility study."> Preliminary feasibility study.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/a-study-on-a-research-and-development-cost-estimation-model-in-korea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996908.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2134</span> Two Decades of Transformation in Higher Educational System of Kazakhstan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Bek-Ali">Y. Bek-Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Gabdullin"> K. Gabdullin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores transformation of higher education system in Kazakhstan since 1991. The research unravels successful experience in the field and challenges. It covers issues of institutional change, faculty, research, university, funding, standards and leadership. The paper offers recommendations in improving state of art in higher educational institutions of Kazakhstan based on international approaches and local realities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=higher%20educational%20institution" title="higher educational institution">higher educational institution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kazakhstan" title=" Kazakhstan"> Kazakhstan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=transformation" title=" transformation"> transformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/two-decades-of-transformation-in-higher-educational-system-of-kazakhstan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1545</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2133</span> Funding Innovative Activities in Firms: The Ownership Structure and Governance Linkage - Evidence from Mongolia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ernest%20Nweke">Ernest Nweke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Enkhtuya%20Bavuudorj"> Enkhtuya Bavuudorj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The harsh realities of the scandalous failure of several notable corporations in the past two decades have inextricably resulted in a surge in corporate governance studies. Nevertheless, little or no attention has been paid to corporate governance studies in Mongolian firms and much less to the comprehension of the correlation among ownership structure, corporate governance mechanisms and trend of innovative activities. Innovation is the bed rock of enterprise success. However, the funding and support for innovative activities in many firms are to a great extent determined by the incentives provided by the firm’s internal and external governance mechanisms. Mongolia is an East Asian country currently undergoing a fast-paced transition from socialist to democratic system and it is a widely held view that private ownership as against public ownership fosters innovation. Hence, following the privatization policy of Mongolian Government which has led to the transfer of the ownership of hitherto state controlled and state directed firms to private individuals and organizations, expectations are high that sufficient motivation would be provided for firm managers to engage in innovative activities. This research focuses on the relationship between ownership structure, corporate governance on one hand and the level of innovation on the hand. The paper is empirical in nature and derives data from both reliable secondary and primary sources. Secondary data for the study was in respect of ownership structure of Mongolian listed firms and innovation trend in Mongolia generally. These were analyzed using tables, charts, bars and percentages. Personal interviews and surveys were held to collect primary data. Primary data was in respect of corporate governance practices in Mongolian firms and were collected using structured questionnaire. Out of a population of three hundred and twenty (320) companies listed on the Mongolian Stock Exchange (MSE), a sample size of thirty (30) randomly selected companies was utilized for the study. Five (5) management level employees were surveyed in each selected firm giving a total of one hundred and fifty (150) respondents. Data collected were analyzed and research hypotheses tested using Chi-Square test statistic. Research results showed that corporate governance mechanisms were better and have significantly improved overtime in privately held as opposed to publicly owned firms. Consequently, the levels of innovation in privately held firms were considerably higher. It was concluded that a significant and positive relationship exists between private ownership and good corporate governance on one hand and the level of funding provided for innovative activities in Mongolian firms on the other hand.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Corporate%20governance" title="Corporate governance">Corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ownership%20structure" title=" ownership structure"> ownership structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stock%20exchange." title=" stock exchange."> stock exchange.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/funding-innovative-activities-in-firms-the-ownership-structure-and-governance-linkage-evidence-from-mongolia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1755</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2132</span> Practical Techniques of Improving State Estimator Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kiamran%20Radjabli">Kiamran Radjabli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>State Estimator became an intrinsic part of Energy Management Systems (EMS). The SCADA measurements received from the field are processed by the State Estimator in order to accurately determine the actual operating state of the power systems and provide that information to other real-time network applications. All EMS vendors offer a State Estimator functionality in their baseline products. However, setting up and ensuring that State Estimator consistently produces a reliable solution often consumes a substantial engineering effort. This paper provides generic recommendations and describes a simple practical approach to efficient tuning of State Estimator, based on the working experience with major EMS software platforms and consulting projects in many electrical utilities of the USA.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Convergence" title="Convergence">Convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=state%20estimator" title=" state estimator"> state estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=troubleshooting" title=" troubleshooting"> troubleshooting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tuning" title=" tuning"> tuning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=power%20systems." title=" power systems."> power systems.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/practical-techniques-of-improving-state-estimator-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011277.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">871</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2131</span> Development of State Model Theory for External Exclusive NOR Type LFSR Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Afaq%20Ahmad">Afaq Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using state space technique and GF(2) theory, a simulation model for external exclusive NOR type LFSR structures is developed. Through this tool a systematic procedure is devised for computing pseudo-random binary sequences from such structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LFSR" title="LFSR">LFSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=external%20exclusive%20NOR%20type" title=" external exclusive NOR type"> external exclusive NOR type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=recursivebinary%20sequence" title=" recursivebinary sequence"> recursivebinary sequence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=initial%20state%20-%20next%20state" title=" initial state - next state"> initial state - next state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=state%20transition%20matrix." title=" state transition matrix."> state transition matrix.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/development-of-state-model-theory-for-external-exclusive-nor-type-lfsr-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1597</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2130</span> Understanding Barriers to Sports Participation as a Means of Achieving Sustainable Development in Michael Otedola College of Primary Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Osifeko%20Olalekan%20Remigious">Osifeko Olalekan Remigious</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Osifeko%20Christiana%20Osikorede"> Osifeko Christiana Osikorede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Folarin%20Bolanle%20Eunice"> Folarin Bolanle Eunice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Olugbenga%20Adebola%20Shodiya"> Olugbenga Adebola Shodiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During these difficult economic times, nations are looking for ways to improve their finances, preserve the environment as well as the socio-political climate and educational institutions, which are needed to increase their economy and preserve their sustainable development. Sport is one of the ways through which sustainable development can be achieved. The purpose of this study was to examine and understanding barriers to participation in sport. A total of 1,025 students were purposively selected from five schools (School of Arts and Social Sciences, School of Languages, School of Education, School of Sciences and School of Vocational and Technical Education) in Michael Otedola College of Primary Education (MOCPED). A questionnaire, with a tested reliability coefficient of 0.71, was used for data collection. The collected data were subjected to the descriptive survey research design. The findings showed that sports facilities, funding and lecture schedules were significant barriers to sports participation. It was recommended that sports facilities be provided by the Lagos State government. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MOCPED%20sports" title="MOCPED sports">MOCPED sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sports%20participation" title=" sports participation"> sports participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=state%20government." title=" state government."> state government.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/understanding-barriers-to-sports-participation-as-a-means-of-achieving-sustainable-development-in-michael-otedola-college-of-primary-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">818</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2129</span> Adaptive Transmission Scheme Based on Channel State in Dual-Hop System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Seung-Jun%20Yu">Seung-Jun Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yong-Jun%20Kim"> Yong-Jun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jung-In%20Baik"> Jung-In Baik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hyoung-Kyu%20Song"> Hyoung-Kyu Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a dual-hop relay based on channel state is studied. In the conventional relay scheme, a relay uses the same modulation method without reference to channel state. But, a relay uses an adaptive modulation method with reference to channel state. If the channel state is poor, a relay eliminates latter 2 bits and uses Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation. If channel state is good, a relay modulates the received symbols with 16-QAM symbols by using 4 bits. The performance of the proposed scheme for Symbol Error Rate (SER) and throughput is analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adaptive%20transmission" title="Adaptive transmission">Adaptive transmission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=channel%20state" title=" channel state"> channel state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dual-hop" title=" dual-hop"> dual-hop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hierarchical%20modulation" title=" hierarchical modulation"> hierarchical modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=relay." title=" relay."> relay.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/adaptive-transmission-scheme-based-on-channel-state-in-dual-hop-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005200.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1808</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2128</span> Implicit Lyapunov Control of Multi-Control Hamiltonians Systems Based On the State Error</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fangfang%20Meng">Fangfang Meng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shuang%20Cong"> Shuang Cong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In the closed quantum system, if the control system is strongly regular and all other eigenstates are directly coupled to the target state, the control system can be asymptotically stabilized at the target eigenstate by the Lyapunov control based on the state error. However, if the control system is not strongly regular or as long as there is one eigenstate not directly coupled to the target state, the situations will become complicated. In this paper, we propose an implicit Lyapunov control method based on the state error to solve the convergence problems for these two degenerate cases. And at the same time, we expand the target state from the eigenstate to the arbitrary pure state. Especially, the proposed method is also applicable in the control system with multi-control Hamiltonians. On this basis, the convergence of the control systems is analyzed using the LaSalle invariance principle. Furthermore, the relation between the implicit Lyapunov functions of the state distance and the state error is investigated. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed implicit Lyapunov control method. The comparisons of the control effect using the implicit Lyapunov control method based on the state distance with that of the state error are given.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Implicit%20Lyapunov%20control" title="Implicit Lyapunov control">Implicit Lyapunov control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=state%20error" title=" state error"> state error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=degenerate%0D%0Acases" title=" degenerate cases"> degenerate cases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=convergence." title=" convergence."> convergence.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/implicit-lyapunov-control-of-multi-control-hamiltonians-systems-based-on-the-state-error" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1501</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2127</span> The Tort Liability of the State in the Portuguese Administrative Courts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jorge%20Barros%20Mendes">Jorge Barros Mendes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Portuguese Constitution, in article 22, instituted the general principle of tort liability of the State and other public law entities. Consequently, ordinary legislation established the tort liability of the State into the Portuguese Legal Order, by means of Decree-Law 48051, of 1967. This decree, which was criticised extensively, was amended by virtue of Law 67/2007, of 31st December, establishing the regime for tort liability arising from losses caused by third parties, due to the acts of public management in relation to all the functions of the State, i.e. i) administrative, ii) legislative, and iii) jurisdictional. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Portuguese%20courts" title="Portuguese courts">Portuguese courts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tort%20liability%20of%20the%20state." title=" tort liability of the state."> tort liability of the state.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/the-tort-liability-of-the-state-in-the-portuguese-administrative-courts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1894</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2126</span> Stabilization and Observation of Attitude Control Systems for Micro Satellites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Elakkary">A. Elakkary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Echchatbi"> A. Echchatbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Elalami"> N. Elalami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we are interested in attitude control of a satellite, which using wheels of reaction, by state feedback. First, we develop a method allowing us to put the control and its integral in the state-feedback form. Then, by using the theorem of Gronwall- Bellman, we put the sufficient conditions so that the nonlinear system modeling the satellite is stabilisable and observed by state feedback.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Satellite" title="Satellite">Satellite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=attitude%20control" title=" attitude control"> attitude control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=state%20feedback" title=" state feedback"> state feedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=attitude%20stabilization." title=" attitude stabilization."> attitude stabilization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/stabilization-and-observation-of-attitude-control-systems-for-micro-satellites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3019.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2125</span> The Role of the State towards Employability of Malaysian PWDs – Myth or Reality?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suet%20Leng%20Khoo">Suet Leng Khoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tiun%20Ling%20Ta"> Tiun Ling Ta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lay%20Wah%20Lee"> Lay Wah Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this era of globalization, the role of the State in all aspects of development is widely debated. Some scholars contend the 'demise' and diminishing role of the State whilst others claim that the State is still “de facto developmental". Clearly, it is vital to ascertain which of these two contentions are reflective of the role of the State as nations ascend their development trajectories. Based on the findings of this paper, the perception that the Malaysian State plays an active and committed role towards distributing equitable educational opportunities and enhancing employability of Malaysian PWDs is actually a myth and not reality. Thus, in order to fulfill the promise of Vision 2020 to transform Malaysia into a caring and socially-inclusive society; this paper calls for a more interventionist and committed role by the Malaysian State to translate the universal rights of education and employment opportunities for PWDs from mere policy rhetoric into inclusive realities.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=People%20with%20Disabilities" title="People with Disabilities">People with Disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Malaysia" title=" Malaysia"> Malaysia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=role%20of%20State" title=" role of State"> role of State</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=equal%20employment%20opportunities" title=" equal employment opportunities"> equal employment opportunities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/the-role-of-the-state-towards-employability-of-malaysian-pwds-myth-or-reality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2124</span> Newton-Raphson State Estimation Solution Employing Systematically Constructed Jacobian Matrix</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nursyarizal%20Mohd%20Nor">Nursyarizal Mohd Nor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramiah%20Jegatheesan"> Ramiah Jegatheesan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Perumal%20Nallagownden"> Perumal Nallagownden</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Newton-Raphson State Estimation method using bus admittance matrix remains as an efficient and most popular method to estimate the state variables. Elements of Jacobian matrix are computed from standard expressions which lack physical significance. In this paper, elements of the state estimation Jacobian matrix are obtained considering the power flow measurements in the network elements. These elements are processed one-by-one and the Jacobian matrix H is updated suitably in a simple manner. The constructed Jacobian matrix H is integrated with Weight Least Square method to estimate the state variables. The suggested procedure is successfully tested on IEEE standard systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=State%20Estimation%20%28SE%29" title="State Estimation (SE)">State Estimation (SE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weight%20Least%20Square%20%28WLS%29" title=" Weight Least Square (WLS)"> Weight Least Square (WLS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Newton-Raphson%20State%20Estimation%20%28NRSE%29" title="Newton-Raphson State Estimation (NRSE)">Newton-Raphson State Estimation (NRSE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jacobian%20matrix%20H." title=" Jacobian matrix H."> Jacobian matrix H.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/newton-raphson-state-estimation-solution-employing-systematically-constructed-jacobian-matrix" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2123</span> State Estimation Method Based on Unscented Kalman Filter for Vehicle Nonlinear Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wataru%20Nakamura">Wataru Nakamura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tomoaki%20Hashimoto"> Tomoaki Hashimoto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Liang-Kuang%20Chen"> Liang-Kuang Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides a state estimation method for automatic control systems of nonlinear vehicle dynamics. A nonlinear tire model is employed to represent the realistic behavior of a vehicle. In general, all the state variables of control systems are not precisedly known, because those variables are observed through output sensors and limited parts of them might be only measurable. Hence, automatic control systems must incorporate some type of state estimation. It is needed to establish a state estimation method for nonlinear vehicle dynamics with restricted measurable state variables. For this purpose, unscented Kalman filter method is applied in this study for estimating the state variables of nonlinear vehicle dynamics. The objective of this paper is to propose a state estimation method using unscented Kalman filter for nonlinear vehicle dynamics. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=State%20estimation" title="State estimation">State estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=control%20systems" title=" control systems"> control systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=observer%20systems" title=" observer systems"> observer systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unscented%20Kalman%20filter" title=" unscented Kalman filter"> unscented Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nonlinear%20vehicle%20dynamics." title=" nonlinear vehicle dynamics."> nonlinear vehicle dynamics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/state-estimation-method-based-on-unscented-kalman-filter-for-vehicle-nonlinear-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">613</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2122</span> The Role of the State Budget: An Evaluation of Public Expenditures and Taxes in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Erdal%20Ero%C4%9Flu">Erdal Eroğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%C3%96zhan%20%C3%87etinkaya"> Özhan Çetinkaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to show how state plays a regulatory role in the relations of distribution by analyzing tax and expenditure in Turkey. This paper has two main arguments. First, state intervenes in economic and social life via budget policies and steers the relations of distribution within the scope of the reproduction of the capital accumulation and legitimacy. Secondly, a great amount of public expenditure benefits capital owners while state gains its tax income mainly from low and middle income groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Distribution" title="Distribution">Distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=public%20expenditure" title=" public expenditure"> public expenditure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=state%20budget" title=" state budget"> state budget</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=taxes." title=" taxes."> taxes.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/the-role-of-the-state-budget-an-evaluation-of-public-expenditures-and-taxes-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003525.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2121</span> Nonlinear Dynamical Characterization of Heart Rate Variability Time Series of Meditation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20S.%20Raghavendra">B. S. Raghavendra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Narayana%20Dutt"> D. Narayana Dutt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many recent electrophysiological studies have revealed the importance of investigating meditation state in order to achieve an increased understanding of autonomous control of cardiovascular functions. In this paper, we characterize heart rate variability (HRV) time series acquired during meditation using nonlinear dynamical parameters. We have computed minimum embedding dimension (MED), correlation dimension (CD), largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE), and nonlinearity scores (NLS) from HRV time series of eight Chi and four Kundalini meditation practitioners. The pre-meditation state has been used as a baseline (control) state to compare the estimated parameters. The chaotic nature of HRV during both pre-meditation and meditation is confirmed by MED. The meditation state showed a significant decrease in the value of CD and increase in the value of LLE of HRV, in comparison with premeditation state, indicating a less complex and less predictable nature of HRV. In addition, it was shown that the HRV of meditation state is having highest NLS than pre-meditation state. The study indicated highly nonlinear dynamic nature of cardiac states as revealed by HRV during meditation state, rather considering it as a quiescent state. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Correlation%20dimension" title="Correlation dimension">Correlation dimension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Embedding%20dimension" title=" Embedding dimension"> Embedding dimension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heartrate%20variability" title=" Heartrate variability"> Heartrate variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Largest%20Lyapunov%20exponent" title=" Largest Lyapunov exponent"> Largest Lyapunov exponent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Meditation" title=" Meditation"> Meditation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonlinearity%20score." title="Nonlinearity score.">Nonlinearity score.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/nonlinear-dynamical-characterization-of-heart-rate-variability-time-series-of-meditation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1906</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2120</span> Solvatochromic Shift and Estimation of Dipole Moment of Quinine Sulphate Dication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Joshi">S. Joshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Pant"> D. Pant</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Absorption and fluorescence spectra of quinine sulphate (QSD) have been recorded at room temperature in wide range of solvents of different polarities. The ground-state dipole moment of QSD was obtained from quantum mechanical calculations and the excited state dipole moment of QSD was estimated from Bakhshiev-s and Kawski-Chamma-Viallet-s equations by means of solvatochromic shift method. Higher value of dipole moment is observed for excited state as compared to the corresponding ground state value and this is attributed to the more polar excited state of QSD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dipole%20moment" title="Dipole moment">Dipole moment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Quinine%20sulphate%20dication" title=" Quinine sulphate dication"> Quinine sulphate dication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Solvatochromic%20shift" title=" Solvatochromic shift"> Solvatochromic shift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/solvatochromic-shift-and-estimation-of-dipole-moment-of-quinine-sulphate-dication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2119</span> Inconsistency Discovery in Multiple State Diagrams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20N.%20Alanazi">Mohammad N. Alanazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=David%20A.%20Gustafson"> David A. Gustafson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article, we introduce a new approach for analyzing UML designs to detect the inconsistencies between multiple state diagrams and sequence diagrams. The Super State Analysis (SSA) identifies the inconsistencies in super states, single step transitions, and sequences. Because SSA considers multiple UML state diagrams, it discovers inconsistencies that cannot be discovered when considering only a single UML state diagram. We have introduced a transition set that captures relationship information that is not specifiable in UML diagrams. The SSA model uses the transition set to link transitions of multiple state diagrams together. The analysis generates three different sets automatically. These sets are compared to the provided sets to detect the inconsistencies. SSA identifies five types of inconsistencies: impossible super states, unreachable super states, illegal transitions, missing transitions, and illegal sequences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Modeling%20Languages" title="Modeling Languages">Modeling Languages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Object-Oriented%20Analysis" title=" Object-Oriented Analysis"> Object-Oriented Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sequence%20Diagrams" title="Sequence Diagrams">Sequence Diagrams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Software%20Models" title=" Software Models"> Software Models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=State%20Diagrams" title=" State Diagrams"> State Diagrams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=UML." title=" UML."> UML.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/inconsistency-discovery-in-multiple-state-diagrams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1651</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2118</span> A Modified Genetic Based Technique for Solving the Power System State Estimation Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20A.%20Hossam-Eldin">A. A. Hossam-Eldin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20N.%20Abdallah"> E. N. Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20S.%20El-Nozahy"> M. S. El-Nozahy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Power system state estimation is the process of calculating a reliable estimate of the power system state vector composed of bus voltages' angles and magnitudes from telemetered measurements on the system. This estimate of the state vector provides the description of the system necessary for the operation and security monitoring. Many methods are described in the literature for solving the state estimation problem, the most important of which are the classical weighted least squares method and the nondeterministic genetic based method; however both showed drawbacks. In this paper a modified version of the genetic algorithm power system state estimation is introduced, Sensitivity of the proposed algorithm to genetic operators is discussed, the algorithm is applied to case studies and finally it is compared with the classical weighted least squares method formulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Genetic%20algorithms" title="Genetic algorithms">Genetic algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ill-conditioning" title=" ill-conditioning"> ill-conditioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=state%0Aestimation" title=" state estimation"> state estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=weighted%20least%20squares." title=" weighted least squares."> weighted least squares.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/a-modified-genetic-based-technique-for-solving-the-power-system-state-estimation-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10274.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1713</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2117</span> Risks and Mitigation Measures in Build-Operate-Transfer Projects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Syed%20Kamarul%20Bakri%20Syed%20Ahmad%20Bokharey">Syed Kamarul Bakri Syed Ahmad Bokharey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kalaikumar%20Vallyutham"> Kalaikumar Vallyutham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Narayanan%20Sambu%20Potty"> Narayanan Sambu Potty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nabilah%20Abu%20Bakar"> Nabilah Abu Bakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Infrastructure investments are important in developing countries, it will not only help to foster the economic growth of a nation, but it will also act as a platform in which new forms of partnership and collaboration can be developed mainly in East Asian countries. Since the last two decades, many infrastructure projects had been completed through build-operate-transfer (BOT) type of procurement. The developments of BOT have attracted participation of local and foreign private sector investor to secure funding and to deliver projects on time, within the budget and to the required specifications. Private sectors are preferred by the government in East Asia to participate in BOT projects due to lack of public funding. The finding has resulted that the private sector or promoter of the BOT projects is exposed to multiple risks which have been discussed in this paper. Effective risk management methods and good managerial skills are required in ensuring the success of the project. The review indicated that mitigation measures should be employed by the promoter throughout the concession period and support from the host government is also required in ensuring the success of the BOT project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BOT%20project" title="BOT project">BOT project</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=risks%20management" title=" risks management"> risks management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=concessionaire" title=" concessionaire"> concessionaire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=consortium." title="consortium.">consortium.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/risks-and-mitigation-measures-in-build-operate-transfer-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">8205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2116</span> Supporting Technology Transfer with Communities and Social Software Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Schuh">G. Schuh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Aghassi"> S. Aghassi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In order to bridge the gap between research and industry, promoting technology and knowledge transfer becomes increasingly important. Especially small- and medium-sized enterprises, having only little R&D resources themselves, depend on external technology development activities for remaining innovative. Academia research on the other hand needs potential industrial partners, who are capable and willing to commercialize their technologies as most public funding programs require some sort of technology transfer or dissemination activities. Modern web technologies offer more and more “social” functionalities and open up new ways of user interaction. In the past years several technology transfer platforms were developed, making use of modern web technologies in order to enable and support technology transfer. In this paper we report on the results of a state-of-the art analyses of existing technology transfer platforms, point out their advantages and deficits and give a perspective to the development of an improved technology transfer platform.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Knowledge%20transfer" title="Knowledge transfer">Knowledge transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=social%20software" title=" social software"> social software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=technology%20management" title=" technology management"> technology management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=technology%20transfer." title=" technology transfer."> technology transfer.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/supporting-technology-transfer-with-communities-and-social-software-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1698</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2115</span> Problems and Prospects of Agricultural Biotechnology in Nigeria’s Developing Economy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Samson%20Abayomi%20Olasoju">Samson Abayomi Olasoju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Olufemi%20Adekunle"> Olufemi Adekunle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Titilope%20Edun"> Titilope Edun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Johnson%20Owoseni"> Johnson Owoseni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Science offers opportunities for revolutionizing human activities, enriched by input from scientific research and technology. Biotechnology is a major force for development in developing countries such as Nigeria. It is found to contribute to solving human problems like water and food insecurity that impede national development and threaten peace wherever it is applied. This review identified the problems of agricultural biotechnology in Nigeria. On the part of rural farmers, there is a lack of adequate knowledge or awareness of biotechnology despite the fact that they constitute the bulk of Nigerian farmers. On part of the government, the problems include: lack of adequate implementation of government policy on bio-safety and genetically modified products, inadequate funding of education as well as research and development of products related to biotechnology. Other problems include: inadequate infrastructures (including laboratory), poor funding and lack of national strategies needed for development and running of agricultural biotechnology. In spite of all the challenges associated with agricultural biotechnology, its prospects still remain great if Nigeria is to meet with the food needs of the country’s ever increasing population. The introduction of genetically engineered products will lead to the high productivity needed for commercialization and food security. Insect, virus and other related diseases resistant crops and livestock are another viable area of contribution of biotechnology to agricultural production. In conclusion, agricultural biotechnology will not only ensure food security, but, in addition, will ensure that the local farmers utilize appropriate technology needed for large production, leading to the prosperity of the farmers and national economic growth, provided government plays its role of adequate funding and good policy implementation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Biosafety" title="Biosafety">Biosafety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biotechnology" title=" biotechnology"> biotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=genetic%20engineering" title=" genetic engineering"> genetic engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=genetic%20modification." title=" genetic modification."> genetic modification.</a> </p> <a 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