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class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> Cerca </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice">  </div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Llatí</h1> <div class="tagline"> llengua indoeuropea de la branca itàlica parlada antigament pels romans </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Llengua" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Llengua </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Llat%C3%AD&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Vigila </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Modifica </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34261971">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{width:100%;border-color:#77ccff;color:var(--color-base,#202122);background-color:#f5f5f5;margin-bottom:1em;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .hatnote{color:var(--color-inverted,#fff);background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#101418)}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .hatnote{color:var(--color-inverted,#fff);background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#101418)}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <table class="hatnote" cellspacing="5"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 25px; vertical-align: top;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/22px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/33px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/44px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200"></td> <td>Per a altres significats, vegeu «<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD_(desambiguaci%C3%B3)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Llatí (desambiguació)">Llatí (desambiguació)</a>».</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> El llatí és una <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_indoeuropees?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües indoeuropees">llengua indoeuropea</a> de la branca <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_it%C3%A0liques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües itàliques">itàlica</a>, parlada antigament pels <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imperi_Rom%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imperi Romà">romans</a>. A partir de l'evolució de la versió <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llatí vulgar">vulgar</a> sorgiren les <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_rom%C3%A0niques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües romàniques">llengües romàniques</a> que sobreviuen avui dia. <table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"> <caption style="font-weight:bold;background-color:Moccasin;"> <img alt="Infotaula de llengua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/20px-Octicons-comment.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/30px-Octicons-comment.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Octicons-comment.svg/40px-Octicons-comment.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="896" data-file-height="1024">Llatí </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color:Moccasin;font-size:110%;">Lingua Latina</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxer:Arco_Sisto_V_targa_M.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Arco_Sisto_V_targa_M.jpg/300px-Arco_Sisto_V_targa_M.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Arco_Sisto_V_targa_M.jpg/450px-Arco_Sisto_V_targa_M.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Arco_Sisto_V_targa_M.jpg/600px-Arco_Sisto_V_targa_M.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736"></a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P18" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ep%C3%B2nim?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Epònim">Epònim</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laci_(antic)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laci (antic)">Latium</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P138" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Tipus</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llengua_morta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengua morta">llengua morta</a>, <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q436240" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q436240">llengua antiga</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Idioma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Idioma">llengua</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llengua_sacra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengua sacra">llengua sacra</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Ús</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Parlants</th> <td class="infobox-data">cap com a primera llengua, però la xifra arriba als milions per als que la parlen com a L2 amb més o menys competència</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llengua_oficial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengua oficial">Oficial</a> a</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vatic%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaticà">Vaticà</a><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Autòcton de</th> <td class="infobox-data">Península italiana</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Estat</th> <td class="infobox-data">Ciutat del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vatic%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaticà">Vaticà</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"> <div style="font-size:90%;"></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Classificació lingüística</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20162172" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q20162172">llengua humana</a> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_indoeuropees?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües indoeuropees">llengües indoeuropees</a> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_it%C3%A0liques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües itàliques">llengües itàliques</a> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_latinofalisques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües latinofalisques">llengües latinofalisques</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P279" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Característiques</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Escriptura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Escriptura">Sistema d'escriptura</a></th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfabet_llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alfabet llatí">alfabet llatí</a> i <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41670" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q41670">alfabet romà</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P282" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Institució de normalització</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esgl%C3%A9sia_Cat%C3%B2lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Església Catòlica">Església Catòlica</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Estudiat per</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1806979" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1806979">Filologia llatina</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cl%C3%A0ssic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clàssic">estudis clàssics</a> i <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q108000026" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q108000026">Llengües teològiques</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P2579" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Història</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hist%C3%B2ria_del_llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Història del llatí">història del llatí</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P2184" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color:Moccasin;">Codis</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISO_639?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-1</th> <td class="infobox-data">la</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">ISO 639-2</th> <td class="infobox-data">lat</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">ISO 639-3</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id%3Dlat">lat</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P220" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">SIL</th> <td class="infobox-data">lat</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Glottolog</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/lati1261">lati1261</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P1394" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">Ethnologue</th> <td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.ethnologue.com/language/lat">lat</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P1627" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">ASCL</th> <td class="infobox-data">2902 <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P1251" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;background:#eeeeee">IETF</th> <td class="infobox-data">la <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397?uselang%3Dca%23P305" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> L'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Imperi_Rom%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Imperi Romà">Imperi romà</a> era la garantia del manteniment del llatí en la versió clàssica. Amb la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Caiguda_de_l%27Imperi_Rom%C3%A0_d%27Occident?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Caiguda de l'Imperi Romà d'Occident">caiguda de l'imperi</a> la llengua del carrer, va accelerar l'evolució i passà a l'estadi del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD_vulgar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llatí vulgar">llatí vulgar</a>, que va canviar fins a formar les <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_rom%C3%A0niques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües romàniques">llengües romàniques</a> actuals. D'altra banda, el llatí clàssic es va mantenir com a llengua de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cultura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cultura">cultura</a> a <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Europa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Europa">Europa</a> durant molts <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle">segles</a>. La majoria de llengües europees, sobretot les romàniques, han manllevat molt de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vocabulari?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vocabulari">vocabulari</a> directament del llatí clàssic, sobretot per termes d'ús tècnic. Alhora, el llatí també s'utilitza en la classificació <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Taxonomia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Taxonomia">taxonòmica</a> dels éssers vius. Hi ha hagut diversos intents de reintroduir el llatí clàssic en la vida quotidiana, però cap no ha reeixit. El llatí també es va mantenir com a llengua de culte de l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esgl%C3%A9sia_Cat%C3%B2lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Església Catòlica">Església catòlica</a> fins al <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Concili_ecum%C3%A8nic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Concilis_romans" title="Concili ecumènic">Concili Vaticà Segon</a>. Avui dia no hi ha parlants nadius de llatí, però és l'idioma oficial de l'estat del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vatic%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaticà">Vaticà</a>, on s'estudia i s'utilitza; el llatí és, per tant, una llengua morta. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="ca" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contingut</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Elements_que_integren_el_llat%C3%AD">1 Elements que integren el llatí</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Per%C3%ADodes_en_la_hist%C3%B2ria_de_la_llengua_llatina">2 Períodes en la història de la llengua llatina</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Or%C3%ADgens_i_expansi%C3%B3">3 Orígens i expansió</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Influ%C3%A8ncies_o_estrats_del_llat%C3%AD">4 Influències o estrats del llatí</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Substrat">4.1 Substrat</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Adstrat">4.2 Adstrat</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Superstrat">4.3 Superstrat</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Literatura_llatina">5 Literatura llatina</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Literats">5.1 Literats</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#El_llat%C3%AD_despr%C3%A9s_de_l'%C3%A8poca_cl%C3%A0ssica">6 El llatí després de l'època clàssica</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gram%C3%A0tica">7 Gramàtica</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Substantius">7.1 Substantius</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Verbs">7.2 Verbs</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sintaxi">7.3 Sintaxi</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Preposicions">7.4 Preposicions</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Fon%C3%A8tica_i_fonologia">8 Fonètica i fonologia</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sistema_voc%C3%A0lic_i_conson%C3%A0ntic">8.1 Sistema vocàlic i consonàntic</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Diccionaris_de_llat%C3%AD">9 Diccionaris de llatí</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Noves_hip%C3%B2tesis_sobre_el_llat%C3%AD">9.1 Noves hipòtesis sobre el llatí</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Vegeu_tamb%C3%A9">10 Vegeu també</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Refer%C3%A8ncies_i_notes">11 Referències i notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliografia">12 Bibliografia</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Enlla%C3%A7os_externs">13 Enllaços externs</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="Elements_que_integren_el_llatí">Elements que integren el llatí</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Elements que integren el llatí" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> Des que el llatí arribà al poble <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pobles_indoeuropeus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pobles indoeuropeus">indoeuropeu</a> de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_It%C3%A0lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Península Itàlica">península Itàlica</a> (itàlics), la seva parla, que era essencialment indoeuropea, va rebre la influència de les parles dels pobles itàlics que els romans van sotmetre (substrat mediterrani), dels pobles amb els quals van conviure sense dominar-los ni dependre'n (adstrat), i amb les parles dels pobles a què temporalment van estar sotmesos (superstrat). El <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Substrat_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Substrat (lingüística)">substrat</a> està format per elements del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Volsc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Volsc">volsc</a>, el <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Falisc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Falisc">falisc</a> i el <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ven%C3%A8tic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Venètic">venètic</a>. L'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adstrat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adstrat">adstrat</a> està integrat per peces provinents de l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Osc%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Oscà">osc</a>, l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Umbre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Umbre">umbre</a> i el <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grec">grec</a>. El <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Superstrat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Superstrat">superstrat</a> del llatí és un conjunt de trets originaris de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Etrusc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Etrusc">llengua etrusca</a>. El nucli indoeuropeu és l'element més abundant en llatí, tan pel que fa a la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gram%C3%A0tica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gramàtica">gramàtica</a> com pel que fa al <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%A8xic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lèxic">lèxic</a>. El substrat mediterrani proporcionà al llatí el nom d'algunes plantes i animals que van conèixer en arribar-hi. Els adstrats <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Osc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Osc">osc</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Umbre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Umbre">umbre</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfabet_grec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alfabet grec">grec</a> són responsables de l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfabet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alfabet">alfabet</a> (el darrer) i d'allò relacionat amb <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9us?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Déus">déus</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mite?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mite">mites</a>. En darrer lloc, el superstrat <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Etrusc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Etrusc">etrusc</a> és responsable del lèxic del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teatre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teatre">teatre</a> i de l'endevinament. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="Períodes_en_la_història_de_la_llengua_llatina">Períodes en la història de la llengua llatina</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Períodes en la història de la llengua llatina" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div style="text-align:right; float:left; margin-left:5px"> <div class="timeline-wrapper"> <map name="timeline_a0bbqc62oyfnu3ttkdoh5k5njbbuaz0"></map><img usemap="#timeline_a0bbqc62oyfnu3ttkdoh5k5njbbuaz0" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ca/timeline/a0bbqc62oyfnu3ttkdoh5k5njbbuaz0.png"> </div> </div> La història del llatí comença al <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_VIII_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle VIII aC">segle viii aC</a> i arriba, si fa no fa, fins a l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edat_mitjana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edat mitjana">edat mitjana</a>; se'n poden distingir tres períodes: <ul> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD_arcaic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llatí arcaic">Arcaic</a> o etapa de formació. Des que neix fins que la societat romana entra en l'òrbita cultural de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grècia">Grècia</a> (hel·lenització), entre els segles <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_VIII_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle VIII aC">VIII aC</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_II_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle II aC">II aC</a>. Autors destacats d'aquest període són <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Appi_Claudi_Cec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Appi Claudi Cec">Appi Claudi Cec</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Livi_Andronic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Livi Andronic">Livi Andronic</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Naevius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Naevius">Naevius</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ennius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ennius">Ennius</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaute">Plaute</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terenci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terenci">Terenci</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD_cl%C3%A0ssic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llatí clàssic">Clàssic</a> o Edat d'Or. En una època de profunda crisi econòmica, política i cultural; l'elit cultural crea, a partir de les varietats del llatí col·loquial, un llatí estàndard (administració i escola) i un llatí literari (literatura). Això succeí, aproximadament, als segles <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_I_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle I aC">I aC</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle I">I dC</a>. És l'Edat d'Or de les lletres llatines i els autors més destacats són <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ciceró">Ciceró</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juli_C%C3%A8sar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juli Cèsar">Juli Cèsar</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Titus_Livi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Titus Livi">Titus Livi</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virgili?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virgili">Virgili</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Horaci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Horaci">Horaci</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gai_Valeri_Catul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gai Valeri Catul">Catul</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ovidi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ovidi">Ovidi</a>.</li> <li>Postclàssic. La llengua parladas'allunya progressivament de la llengua estàndard, que l'escola tracta de conservar, i de la llengua literària. Aquesta distància creixent farà que de les diverses maneres de parlar llatí neixin les <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_rom%C3%A0niques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües romàniques">llengües romàniques</a>. I la llengua escrita, que també s'allunya, tot i que menys, es transformà en el llatí escolàstic o curial.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD_tard%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llatí tardà">Tardà</a>. Els pares de l'església comencen a preocupar-se per escriure en un llatí més pur i literari, abandonant el llatí vulgar dels primers cristians. A aquest període pertanyen <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tertul%C2%B7li%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tertul·lià">Tertul·lià</a>, Jerònim d'Estridó (<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sant_Jeroni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sant Jeroni">sant Jeroni</a>) i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agust%C3%AD_d%27Hipona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agustí d'Hipona">sant Agustí</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edat_mitjana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edat mitjana">Medieval</a>. El llatí com es coneixia ja no es parla; per tant, el llatí literari es refugia dins l'àmbit de l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esgl%C3%A9sia_Cat%C3%B2lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Església Catòlica">Església catòlica</a>, la cort i l'escola, convertint-se en el vehicle de comunicació universal dels intel·lectuals medievals. Mentrestant, el llatí vulgar continuava la seva evolució a ritme accelerat. Les llengües romàniques van aparèixer progressivament, i el llatí continua com a llengua franca i culta. No es pot donar una data en què es deixés d'utilitzar com a llengua materna; no hi ha data en la qual es pugui situar la mort del llatí, perquè evoluciona en les llengües romàniques de manera progressiva.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Renaixement?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Renaixement">Renaixentista</a>. Al Renaixement la mirada dels humanistes es torna cap a l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antiguitat_cl%C3%A0ssica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antiguitat clàssica">antiguitat clàssica</a>, i l'ús del llatí cobra una nova força. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petrarca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrarca">Petrarca</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Erasme_de_Rotterdam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Erasme de Rotterdam">Erasme de Rotterdam</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llu%C3%ADs_Vives?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lluís Vives">Lluís Vives</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antonio_de_Nebrija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio de Nebrija">Antonio de Nebrija</a> i molts altres escriuen en llatí, i també en la seva pròpia llengua.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ciència">Científic</a>. La llengua llatina sobreviu en escrits científics fins ben entrat el segle xviii. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Isaac_Newton?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Baruch Spinoza">Baruch Spinoza</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gottfried_Leibniz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gottfried Leibniz">Gottfried Leibniz</a> van escriure algunes de les seves obres en llatí.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Neollat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Neollatí">Contemporani</a>. Actualment l'ús del llatí és el més reduït de la història. Tot i així, no ha deixat mai d'estudiar-se i d'utilitzar-se per escriure. En són bons exemples el diari digital Ephemeris, el programa radiofònic Nuntii Latini i els poemes de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Geni%C3%A8ve_Imm%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Geniève Immé (encara no existeix)">Geniève Immé</a>. Segueix el model del llatí clàssic aprofitant el lèxic llatí de totes les èpoques.</li> </ul> El llatí va ser i és encara una assignatura rellevant en la majoria dels plans d'estudi occidentals, en què es manté, per raons culturals, per augmentar la consciència lingüística dels alumnes i com exercici de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%B2gica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lògica">lògica</a>. En alguns països és una matèria obligatòria en l'educació secundària, com a Itàlia, l'estat espanyol, Dinamarca, Suècia, Hongria, Croàcia, Sèrbia, Bulgària, Veneçuela i Romania. En altres apareix com una optativa, com a Austràlia, Bèlgica, Anglaterra, Canadà, França, Alemanya, Irlanda, Polònia, Estats Units, Portugal i Finlàndia.[<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Citau_les_fonts?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viquipèdia:Citau les fonts">cal citació</a>] </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Orígens_i_expansió">Orígens i expansió</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Orígens i expansió" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxer:LAZ-Mappa.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/LAZ-Mappa.png/220px-LAZ-Mappa.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="256" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="349"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 256px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/LAZ-Mappa.png/220px-LAZ-Mappa.png" data-width="220" data-height="256" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/LAZ-Mappa.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Regió del Laci a Itàlia on va sorgir el llatí </figcaption> </figure> El llatí apareix cap a l'any <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1000_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="1000 aC">1000 aC</a> al centre d'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/It%C3%A0lia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Itàlia">Itàlia</a>, al sud del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Riu_T%C3%ADber?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Riu Tíber">riu Tíber</a>, amb els <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Apenins?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apenins">Apenins</a> i el mar Tirré a l'oest, en una regió anomenada <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Latium?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Latium">Latium</a> (corresponent aproximadament a l'actual <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Laci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Laci">Laci</a>), d'on prové el nom de la llengua i el dels seus primers habitants, els llatins. En els primers segles de l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antiga_Roma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antiga Roma">antiga Roma</a>, des de la fundació al <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_IV_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle IV aC">segle iv aC</a>, el llatí era una llengua tosca, que amb prou feines podia tenir manifestacions literàries o científiques; tenia una extensió territorial limitada al voltant de la ciutat de Roma i algunes parts d'Itàlia, i una població escassa. Era una llengua bàsicament rural. Així ho demostren les etimologies de molts termes del culte religiós, del dret o de la vida militar. Destaquen els termes stippulare ('estipular'), derivat de stippa ('palla') o emolumentum ('emoluments'), derivat de emolere ('moldre el gra') en el llenguatge del dret. En aquest sentit, els llatins, ja des de l'època clàssica almenys, parlaven d'un sermo rusticus ('parla del camp'), oposat al sermo urbanus, prenent consciència d'aquesta varietat dialectal del llatí. «En el camp llatí es diu edus ('cabrit') el que a la ciutat haedus amb una a afegida com en moltes paraules».<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Després del període de dominació <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Etrusc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Etrusc">etrusca</a> i la invasió dels gals (<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/390_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="390 aC">390 aC</a>), la ciutat va estendre el seu imperi per la resta d'Itàlia. A la fi del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_IV_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle IV aC">segle iv aC</a>, Roma s'havia imposat als seus veïns de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_It%C3%A0lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Península Itàlica">península Itàlica</a>. Els etruscs van deixar la seva empremta en la llengua i la cultura de Roma, però els <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antiga_Gr%C3%A8cia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antiga Grècia">grecs</a>, presents en la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Magna_Gr%C3%A8cia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Magna Grècia">Magna Grècia</a>, van dotar el llatí d'un ric <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%A8xic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lèxic">lèxic</a>. El llatí de la ciutat de Roma s'imposà a altres variants d'altres llocs del Laci, de les quals, amb prou feines, van quedar alguns retalls del llatí literari. Això va fer del llatí una llengua amb molt poques diferències <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dialecte?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dialecte">dialectals</a>, al contrari del que passà amb el <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grec">grec</a>. Es pot qualificar, doncs, al llatí de llengua unitària. Després, la conquesta de noves províncies que engrandiren el territori, primer la de les Gàl·lies per part de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juli_C%C3%A8sar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juli Cèsar">Juli Cèsar</a> fins a la de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A0cia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dàcia">Dàcia</a> (Romania) per part de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Traj%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Trajà">Trajà</a>, co'porta l'expansió del llatí per un immens territori i la incorporació d'una ingent quantitat de nous parlants. Paral·lelament a l'expansió territorial de Roma, el llatí es desenvolupà com a llengua <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Literatura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Literatura">literària</a> i com a lingua franca, alhora que el grec, que havia tingut aquests papers amb anterioritat. Des del segle ii aC, amb <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaute">Plaute</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terenci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terenci">Terenci</a>, fins a l'any <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/200?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="200">200</a> amb <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luci_Apuleu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luci Apuleu">Apuleu</a> apareix una forma de llatí que no té cap variació substancial en un territori ja molt ampli.<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3">[3]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="Influències_o_estrats_del_llatí">Influències o estrats del llatí</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Influències o estrats del llatí" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> El llatí era una <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llengua_it%C3%A0lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Llengua itàlica">llengua itàlica</a> en què la majoria d'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gram%C3%A0tica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gramàtica">elements gramaticals</a> i la major part del lèxic provenien de l'evolució natural de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protoindoeuropeu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protoindoeuropeu">dialectes i parles indoeuropees</a>. L'idioma original dels grups llatins que es van instal·lar a la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_It%C3%A0lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Península Itàlica">península Itàlica</a> es va veure influït pel contacte amb parlants d'altres grups tant indoeuropeus (<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oscos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Oscos">oscos</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Umbres?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Umbres">umbres</a>, grecs, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Celtes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Celtes">celtes</a>) com no indoeuropeus (<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Etruscs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Etruscs">etruscs</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cretencs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretencs">cretencs</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Picens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Picens">picens</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Il%C2%B7liris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Il·liris">il·liris</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%ADgurs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lígurs">lígurs</a>, entre altres). Solen distingir-hi tres tipus d'influència sociolingüística: <ul> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Substrat_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Substrat (lingüística)">Substrat</a>, degut a parlants que van ser assimilats a la llengua llatina.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Superstrat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Superstrat">Superstrat</a>, rebut per part dels pobles que temporalment van sotmetre als llatins.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Adstrat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Adstrat">Adstrat</a>, provocada pel contacte amb altres pobles.</li> </ul> Aquesta distinció, però, pot no resultar del tot operativa; per exemple, l'etrusc va poder ser-hi a la vegada substrat, adstrat i superstrat, segons l'època a la qual es faci referència. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Substrat">Substrat</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Substrat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxer:Osco_diffusione.gif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Osco_diffusione.gif/220px-Osco_diffusione.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="496" data-file-height="446"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 198px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Osco_diffusione.gif/220px-Osco_diffusione.gif" data-width="220" data-height="198" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Osco_diffusione.gif/330px-Osco_diffusione.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Osco_diffusione.gif/440px-Osco_diffusione.gif 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Difusió de la llengua osca </figcaption> </figure> La influència del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Substrat_(ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Substrat (lingüística)">substrat</a> es refereix a canvis lingüístics causats per algun tipus de formes lingüístiques que hagin estat assimilades; determinades llengües haurien ocupat la regió abans que s'hi difongués el llatí. A vegades es parla, per indicar aquestes llengües, del substrat mediterrani, que proporcionà al llatí el nom d'algunes plantes i animals que haurien de conèixer quan van arribar a la zona; són llengües molt poc conegudes, car queden només unes poques restes escrites, algunes de les quals encara no han pogut ser desxifrades. Tot i així, la llengua etrusca fou clarament un dels substrats del llatí arcaic existent a la primerenca ciutat de Roma i als seus voltants. Pel que fa a l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Osco_%C3%BAmbric&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Osco úmbric (encara no existeix)">osco úmbric</a>, és interessant observar-ne la influència sobre el llatí. Hi estan configurades algunes característiques fonètiques i fonològiques que més tard apareixeran en les llengües romàniques, com són unes determinades <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palatalitzaci%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palatalització">palatalitzacions</a> i monoftongacions, car molts parlants de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_it%C3%A0liques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües itàliques">llengües itàliques</a> en romanitzar-se conservaren certs trets fonètics propis; fins i tot, de manera marginal dins de les llengües romàniques. Fenòmens d'aquesta mena són la influència <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Celtes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Celtes">cèltica</a> a la qual s'atribueix la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lenici%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lenició">lenició</a> de les consonants intervocàliques o la [i] francesa, el <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Basc?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Basc">basc</a> (o alguna llengua semblant), al qual s'atribueix l'aspiració de la /f/ castellana en /h/, o l'influx <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lleng%C3%BCes_eslaves?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengües eslaves">eslau,</a> culpable de la centralització de les vocals romaneses. La influència de l'etrusc en la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fonologia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fonologia">fonologia</a> llatina es reflecteix en el fet de desenvolupar algunes aspirades, com pulcher (bell), i la tendència a tancar -o en -u. Les inscripcions etrusques mostren una tendència a realitzar com aspirades, oclusives sordes que prèviament no són aspirades, i tenien un sistema fonològic de només quatre timbres vocàlics, /a, e, i, u/, amb una /u/ que tenia una qualitat entre [o] i [u], que hauria influït en la tendència del llatí a tancar algunes /*o/ a [u]. A més, els <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nombres_naturals?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nombres naturals">nombres naturals</a> llatins duodeviginti (18) i undeviginti (19) són clarament calcs lingüístics formats a partir de les formes etrusques esl-em zathrum (18) thu-nem zathrum (19), en què zathrum és la forma etrusca per al 20, esl- és 2 i thun- és 1. També és una prova del substrat de l'etrusc en el llatí el sufix -na en paraules com, per exemple, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Persona">persona</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Adstrat">Adstrat</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Adstrat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> És la influència deguda al contacte amb pobles que van conviure amb els llatins sense estar dominats ni dependre d'ells. Aquesta influència es nota més en l'estil i lèxic adquirit que en els canvis fònics de la llengua. Els adstrats osc, úmbric i grec són responsables de l'alfabet i sobre allò relacionat amb la mitologia, ja que els romans van manllevar els déus hel·lènics, encara que amb noms llatins. Adstrat grec: l'entrada massiva de préstecs i calcs àtics i jònics posà en guàrdia els llatins des de temps molt primerencs, encapçalats per <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cat%C3%B3_el_Vell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cató el Vell">Cató el Vell</a> en el segle iii aC. Però en l'Edat d'Or de la literatura llatina els romans es van rendir davant l'evident superioritat de l'idioma grec. Bé poden resumir aquest sentiment els famosos versos d'Horaci: «Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit et artis / intulit Agresti Lati».<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Aquesta entrada massiva d'hel·lenismes no es limità a la literatura, les ciències o les arts. Afectà tots els àmbits de la llengua: lèxic, gramàtica i estil, de manera que es pot trobar l'origen grec en moltes paraules comunes de les llengües romàniques. Després de l'edat clàssica, el <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cristianisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cristianisme">cristianisme</a> fou un dels factors més potents a introduir en la llengua llatina parlada una sèrie d'elements grecs nous; per exemple, παραβολη (paràbola). Es troba aquesta paraula dins la terminologia retòrica, però en surt quan l'usen els cristians i adquireix el sentit de paràbola, és a dir, predicació de la vida de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesús">Jesús</a>. A poc a poc va adquirint el sentit més general de 'paraula', que substitueix en tota la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rom%C3%A0nia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romània">Romània</a> l'element que significava 'paraula' (verbum). El verb que deriva de paràbola (parabolare, parolare) substitueix en gran part de la Romània el verb que significava 'parlar' (loquor). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Superstrat">Superstrat</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Superstrat" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> Aquesta influència és deguda als pobles que temporalment van sotmetre els llatins i que van deixar una marca en la parla; aquí es parla del superstrat etrusc (el responsable del lèxic del teatre i de l'endevinació), gal o celta. El superstrat germànic: des d'antic els romans tenien contactes amb Germania, i en aquestes relacions podien predominar la influència del llatí. El centre principal de contactes se situava a la vall del Rin, un territori on sobrevivien poblacions cèltiques, la llengua emprada de les quals era el llatí. De fet, hi ha rastres d'administració romana en la toponímia, com, per exemple, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Col%C3%B2nia_(Alemanya)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colònia (Alemanya)">Colònia</a>. Els elements germànics són el superstrat del llatí a la Romània occidental. Després de les invasions, molts elements germànics van passar al llatí. El flux no es va interrompre en la formació de les llengües romàniques. Alguns pobles germànics són els gots, alemanys, borgonyesos, francs, llombards... Les influències d'aquests pobles en les llengües romàniques es donen majoritàriament en el camp de la toponímia i l'antroponímia. A banda d'aquests, el nombre de préstecs és força reduït. Malgrat totes les influències que es reflecteixen en el lèxic i la fonètica, la majoria d'elements gramaticals i lèxics del llatí es poden rastrejar fins al <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Protoindoeuropeu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Protoindoeuropeu">protoindoeuropeu</a>. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="Literatura_llatina">Literatura llatina</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Literatura llatina" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm/220px--WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="154" data-mwtitle="WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fitxer:WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm"> <source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/be/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Titus_speaking_Latin.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360"> </video> <figcaption> L'adolescent estudiant parla llatí </figcaption> </figure> El cos de llibres escrits en llatí reté un llegat durador de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cultura?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cultura">cultura</a> de l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antiga_Roma?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antiga Roma">antiga Roma</a>. Els romans van produir una gran quantitat de llibres de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poesia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poesia">poesia</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Com%C3%A8dia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Comèdia">comèdia</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trag%C3%A8dia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tragèdia">tragèdia</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A0tira?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sàtira">sàtira</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hist%C3%B2ria?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Història">història</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ret%C3%B2rica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Retòrica">retòrica</a>, traçats àrduament a la manera d'altres cultures, particularment a l'estil de la més madura literatura grega. Un temps després que l'Imperi romà d'Occident caigués, la llengua llatina continuava jugant un paper molt important en la cultura europea occidental. La literatura llatina normalment es divideix en diversos períodes. Pel que fa al primer, hi ha el que s'anomena literatura primitiva, de la qual només resten unes poques obres supervivents, els llibres de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaute">Plaute</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terenci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terenci">Terenci</a> s'han conservat dins dels més buscats autors de tots els períodes. Moltes altres obres, incloent-hi la de la majoria dels autors prominents del llatí clàssic, han desaparegut, tot i que algunes n'han estat redescobertes segles després. El període del llatí clàssic es dona quan la literatura llatina és àmpliament considerada en el seu cim: es divideix en l'Edat d'Or, que cobreix aproximadament el període de l'inici de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_I_aC?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle I aC">segle i aC</a> fins a mitjans del segle I; i l'Edat de Plata, que s'estén fins al segle ii. La literatura escrita després de la meitat del segle ii és comunament denigrada i ignorada. En el Renaixement molts autors clàssics van ser redescoberts i el seu estil fou conscientment imitat. Però, sobretot, s'imità a Ciceró, i el seu estil fou preuat com el perfecte cim llatí. El llatí medieval fou sovint menyspreat; en qualsevol cas, moltes grans obres de literatura llatina es produïren entre l'antiguitat i l'edat mitjana, tot i que no sigui dels antics romans. La literatura llatina romana abraça dues parts: la literatura indígena i la imitada: <ul> <li>La literatura llatina romana indígena ha deixat molt pocs vestigis i només ens ofereix fragments veritablement arcaics i intents d'arcaisme deliberat que procedeixen fonamentalment de temps de la República, dels emperadors i principalment dels <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dinastia_Antonina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinastia Antonina">Antonins</a>.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>La literatura llatina romana imitada ha produït composicions en què la inspiració individual s'ajunta a la imitació més feliç, obres nombroses i seleccionades que ens han arribat senceres. A vegades, s'han confós les obres d'origen italià, produccions més tosques del geni agrícola o religiós dels primitius romans, que ofereixen un caràcter més original, amb les còpies llatines de les obres mestres de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gr%C3%A8cia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grècia">Grècia</a>, que ofereixen un encant, una elegància i una suavitat corresponents a una civilització culta i refinada. En aquest darrer aspecte cal remarcar la tendència de dues escoles retòriques d'origen grec que van tenir gran influència a Roma: l'assiana i l'àtica. Des dels temps de Ciceró aquestes dues tendències estilístiques del grec van entrar de ple en el llatí i perduraren durant diversos segles en la literatura llatina.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Literats">Literats</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Literats" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxer:M-T-Cicero.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/M-T-Cicero.jpg/220px-M-T-Cicero.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="953"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 296px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/M-T-Cicero.jpg/220px-M-T-Cicero.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="296" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/M-T-Cicero.jpg/330px-M-T-Cicero.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/M-T-Cicero.jpg/440px-M-T-Cicero.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Bust de Marc Tuli Ciceró </figcaption> </figure> <ul> <li>Literatura primerenca: <ul> <li>Poesia: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enni">Enni</a>.</li> <li>Tragèdia: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marc_Pacuvi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marc Pacuvi">Marc Pacuvi</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luci_Atti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Luci Atti">Luci Atti</a>.</li> <li>Comèdia: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cecili?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Cecili">Cecili</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Terenci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Terenci">Terenci</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plaute?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plaute">Plaute</a>.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <ul> <li>Literatura de l'Edat d'Or: <ul> <li>Poesia: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lucreci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lucreci">Lucreci</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gai_Valeri_Catul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gai Valeri Catul">Gai Valeri Catul</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virgili?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virgili">Virgili</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Horaci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Horaci">Horaci</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ovidi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ovidi">Ovidi</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tibul?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tibul">Tibul</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Properci?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Properci">Properci</a>.</li> <li>Prosa: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cicer%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ciceró">Ciceró</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juli_C%C3%A8sar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juli Cèsar">Juli Cèsar</a>.</li> <li>Història: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sal%C2%B7lusti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sal·lusti">Sal·lusti</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Livi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Livi">Livi</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Corneli_Nepot?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Corneli Nepot">Corneli Nepot</a>.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <ul> <li>Literatura de l'Edat de Plata: <ul> <li>Poesia: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Publi_Papini_Estaci_(poeta)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Publi Papini Estaci (poeta)">Publi Papini Estaci</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marc_Valeri_Marcial?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marc Valeri Marcial">Marc Valeri Marcial</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manili?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Manili">Manili</a>.</li> <li>Prosa: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petroni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Petroni">Petroni</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quintili%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quintilià">Quintilià</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luci_Apuleu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luci Apuleu">Luci Apuleu</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A8neca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sèneca">Sèneca</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Asconi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Asconi">Asconi</a>.</li> <li>Teatre: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A8neca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sèneca">Sèneca</a>.</li> <li>Sàtira: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Persi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Persi">Persi</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juvenal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juvenal">Juvenal</a>.</li> <li>Història: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/T%C3%A0cit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tàcit">Tàcit</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suetoni?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suetoni">Suetoni</a>.</li> </ul></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="El_llatí_després_de_l'època_clàssica">El llatí després de l'època clàssica</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: El llatí després de l'època clàssica" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fitxer:Romance_20c_ca.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Romance_20c_ca.png/220px-Romance_20c_ca.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3355" data-file-height="2372"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 156px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Romance_20c_ca.png/220px-Romance_20c_ca.png" data-width="220" data-height="156" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Romance_20c_ca.png/330px-Romance_20c_ca.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Romance_20c_ca.png/440px-Romance_20c_ca.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <figcaption> Gamma de les llengües romàniques, els descendents moderns del llatí, a Europa </figcaption> </figure> En caure l'Imperi romà, el llatí encara fou usat durant segles com l'única llengua escrita al món de l'estat romà. Al canceller del rei, en la litúrgia de l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Esgl%C3%A9sia_Cat%C3%B2lica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Església Catòlica">Església catòlica</a>, en els llibres l'única llengua emprada era el llatí. Però sempre un llatí molt acurat, encara que alhora influït per les llengües parlades. Ja al <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_VII?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle VII">segle vii</a>, el llatí vulgar havia començat a diferenciar-se, donant origen al protoromanç i després a les primeres fases de les actuals llengües romàniques. Amb el renaixement carolingi, al segle ix, quan <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carlemany?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carlemany">Carlemany</a> s'envoltà dels grans pensadors de l'època, com el llombard Paolo Diácono o l'anglès <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alcu%C3%AD_de_York?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alcuí de York">Alcuí de York</a>, donà la idea de reorganitzar la cultura i l'ensenyament en el seu imperi. Aquesta operació de recuperació, restituint-la ara cap a un llatí més correcte, separà definitivament el llatí de la llengua parlada. Després, amb el sorgiment de les primeres i poques universitats, les ensenyances donades per persones que provenien d'arreu d'Europa eren rigorosament en llatí. Però un cert llatí, el qual no es podia considerar la llengua de Ciceró o Horaci. Els doctes de les universitats van elaborar un llatí particular, escolàstic, adaptat a esprémer els conceptes abstractes i rics en elaborats matisos de la filosofia de l'època. El llatí ja no seria més la llengua de comunicació que havia estat en el món romà; tot i que continuava a ser una llengua viva i vital, de tot menys estàtica. Al <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Segle_XIV?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Segle XIV">segle xiv</a>, a Itàlia, va sorgir un moviment cultural que afavorí un renovat interès pel llatí antic: el Renaixement i l'humanisme. Començat ja per <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Petrarca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrarca">Petrarca</a>, els seus majors exponents van ser <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Poggio_Bracciolini?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Poggio Bracciolini">Poggio Bracciolini</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lorenzo_Valla?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lorenzo Valla">Lorenzo Valla</a>, Marsili Ficina i Coluccio Salutati. Aquí la llengua clàssica comença a ser objecte d'estudis profunds que van marcar el naixement, de fet, de la filologia clàssica. A l'edat moderna, el llatí encara és usat com a llengua de la cultura i de la ciència. En llatí també escrigueren els primers científics moderns, com <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nicolau_Cop%C3%A8rnic?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nicolau Copèrnic">Nicolau Copèrnic</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Isaac_Newton?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>, almenys fins al segle xviii, ja que en el segle xix va ser substituït per diverses llengües nacionals com el <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franc%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francès">francès</a> o l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Angl%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anglès">anglès</a>. Al segle xxi, l'ús del llatí és més reduït. Hi ha un diari digital, un programa radiofònic, literatura i diverses iniciatives culturals: el diari digital Ephemeris, que vol dir 'diari' en llatí, manté els llatinoparlants informats cada dia. Es redacta a <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pol%C3%B2nia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Polònia">Polònia</a> des de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2004?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2004">2004</a>. Nuntii Latini és un programa d'actualitat en llatí que emet cada setmana la cadena YLE Radio de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Finl%C3%A0ndia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Finlàndia">Finlàndia</a>. La <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viquipèdia">Viquipèdia</a> també s'escriu en llatí; centenars d'usuaris col·laboren desinteressadament per continuar el projecte del coneixement universal en llatí. Els comunicats oficials de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Uni%C3%B3_Europea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Unió Europea">Unió Europea</a> s'emeten en les vint-i-tres llengües oficials de la Unió, entre les quals encara no es troba el <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Catal%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Català">català</a>, i per cortesia del govern finès, també es tradueixen al llatí. Alguns clàssics de la literatura ja tenen la seva versió llatina: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ast%C3%A8rix?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Astèrix">Astèrix</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Al%C3%ADcia_al_Pa%C3%ADs_de_les_Meravelles?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Alícia al País de les Meravelles">Alícia al País de les Meravelles</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Winnie-the-Pooh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Winnie-the-Pooh">Winnie-the-Pooh</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/El_Petit_Pr%C3%ADncep?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="El Petit Príncep">El Petit Príncep</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harry_Potter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harry Potter">Harry Potter</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a>. Hi ha dues pel·lícules rodades en llatí: Sebastiane de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dereck_Jarman?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dereck Jarman">Dereck Jarman</a> (1976) i Patio Christi (2004) de <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mel_Gibson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mel Gibson">Mel Gibson</a>, rodada en llatí, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arameu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arameu">arameu</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hebreu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hebreu">hebreu</a>. La producció literària no cessa. Alguns autors llatins dels segles xx i xxi són aquests: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Genevi%C3%A8ve_Imme%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Geneviève Immeé (encara no existeix)">Geneviève Immeé</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Aeliana&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Aeliana (encara no existeix)">Aeliana</a> i <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sigrides_Albert&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Sigrides Albert (encara no existeix)">Sigrides Albert</a>. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="Gramàtica"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://latinonline.es/gramatica-latina/">Gramàtica</a></h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Gramàtica" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r30997230">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Article principal: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gram%C3%A0tica_llatina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gramàtica llatina">Gramàtica llatina</a> </div> El conjunt de formes que pot prendre una mateixa paraula segons el seu cas s'anomena paradigma de flexió. Els paradigmes de flexió de substantius i adjectius es denominen en gramàtica llatina declinacions, mentre que els paradigmes de flexió dels verbs s'anomenen conjugacions. En llatí el paradigma de flexió varia d'acord amb el tema al qual s'adscriu la paraula. Els noms i adjectius s'agrupen en cinc declinacions, mentre que els verbs s'agrupen dins de quatre tipus bàsics de conjugacions. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Substantius"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://latinonline.es/gramatica-latina/2-6-repaso-general-declinaciones/">Substantius</a></h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Substantius" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> En llatí, el substantiu pren diverses formes d'acord amb el seu paper sintàctic en la frase, conegut com a cas gramatical. Existeixen en llatí clàssic sis formes que pot prendre cada substantiu o adjectiu, o «casos»: <ol> <li>Nominatiu: es fa servir quan el substantiu és el subjecte o atribut de la sentència o frase.</li> <li>Vocatiu: identifica la persona a qui s'adreça el parlant; es podria dir que és una crida d'atenció. Fins i tot, pot servir com a salutació.</li> <li>Acusatiu: s'usa quan el substantiu és l'objecte directe de la frase, amb certes preposicions, o bé com a subjecte d'un infinitiu.</li> <li>Genitiu: indica el complement i característiques del nom.</li> <li>Datiu: s'usa per assenyalar l'objecte indirecte, amb certs verbs, i a vegades com a agent i possessor.</li> <li>Ablatiu: cas gramatical que denota separació o moviment des d'un lloc. El llatí, a més, hi incloïa la causa, l'agent, usos com instrumental, locatiu i adverbial.</li> </ol> A més, hi ha restes d'un cas addicional indoeuropeu: el locatiu (indicant localització), vg. Ruri, 'en el camp'. L'adjectiu també té formes flexives, donat que concorda necessàriament amb un substantiu en cas, gènere i nombre. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Verbs">Verbs</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Verbs" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <table class="wikitable" align="right"> <tbody> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <th rowspan="2"></th> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <th colspan="2">Tema infectum</th> <th colspan="2">Tema perfectum</th> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">Present</th> <td>present</td> <td>mittit</td> <td>pretèrit perfet</td> <td>misit</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">Passat</th> <td>imperfecte</td> <td>mittebat</td> <td>pretèrit plusquamperfet</td> <td>miserat</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">Futur</th> <td>futur imperfecte</td> <td>mittet</td> <td>futur perfet</td> <td>miserit</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> A grans trets, hi ha dos temes dins la conjugació del verb llatí, infectum i perfectum: en l'infectum s'hi troben els temps que no indiquen una finalitat, una terminació, com el present, l'imperfet i el futur; són temps que no assenyalen l'acte acabat, sinó que, sigui que està passant en el present, passava amb repetició en el passat (sense indicar quan va acabar), o bé un acte futur. En aquest tema del verb l'arrel no canvia, al contrari que amb el perfectum, que té la seva pròpia terminació irregular (Capera: pf. CEPI - scribere: pf. Scripsi - ferreteria pf. Tuli - esse pf. Fui - dicere pf. Dixi). El perfet (del llatí perfectum, de perficere 'acabar', 'completar'), en canvi, indica temps ja ocorreguts, acabats, que són el pretèrit, el plusquamperfet i el futur perfecte. Ambdós tenen les següents maneres gramaticals (a excepció de l'imperatiu, que no existeix en perfectum): l'indicatiu, que expressa la realitat, certesa, la veritat objectiva; el subjuntiu expressa irrealitat, subordinació, dubte, fets no constatats, a vegades usat com a optatiu; l'imperatiu, que denota mandat, prec, exhortació, i l'infinitiu, una forma impersonal del verb, usada com a subordinat davant altre, o donant una idea en abstracte. Amb sis persones en cada temps (primera, segona i tercera, cadascuna de singular i plural), i dues veus: activa quan el subjecte és l'agent, i la passiva: que és quan el verb té un subjecte que pateix una acció (i no l'executa), i restes d'una veu mitjana, un verb no deponent normalment conté unes 130 desinències. <table class="wikitable" align="right"> <tbody> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <th rowspan="2"></th> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <th colspan="1">Tema en</th> <th colspan="1">1ª persona</th> <th colspan="1">3ª persona</th> <th colspan="1">futur</th> <th colspan="1">infinitiu</th> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">1r</th> <td>ā</td> <td>amo</td> <td>amat</td> <td>amabit</td> <td>amare</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">2n</th> <td>ē</td> <td>habeo</td> <td>habet</td> <td>habebit</td> <td>habere</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">3r</th> <td>consonant</td> <td>dico</td> <td>dicit</td> <td>dicet</td> <td>dicere</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">4t</th> <td>ī</td> <td>audio</td> <td>audit</td> <td>audiet</td> <td>audire</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">5è</th> <td>i breu</td> <td>facio</td> <td>facit</td> <td>faciet</td> <td>facere</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Els verbs en llatí normalment s'identifiquen per cinc temes diferents de conjugacions (els grups de verbs amb formes flexives similars): el tema en a llarga, en e llarga, en consonant, en i llarga i, finalment, en i breu. Bàsicament només hi ha un mode de la conjugació llatina dels verbs, però són influïts per certa vocal que provoca alguns canvis en la desinència. Per exemple, en la terminació de futur: mentre el comú era indicar mitjançant un temps provinent del subjuntiu, en els verbs influïts per E o A el futur sonaria exactament igual que el present, per la qual cosa van haver de canviar-ne la desinència. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Sintaxi">Sintaxi</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Sintaxi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> L'objecte de la sintaxi és organitzar les parts del discurs d'acord amb les normes de la llengua per expressar correctament el missatge. La concordança, que és un sistema de regles dels accidents gramaticals, en llatí afecta gènere, nombre, cas i persona. Aquesta jerarquitza les categories gramaticals, de tal manera que el verb i l'adjectiu adeqüen els seus trets als del nom amb què concerten. Les concordances són adjectiu / substantiu o verb / substantiu. Observeu l'exemple: animus Aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum (un ànim equitativament bo és el condiment de la misèria).<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Mitjançant la construcció se situen els sintagmes en el discurs. En llatí l'ordre de la frase és SOV, és a dir, primer va el subjecte, l'objecte, i al final el verb. Aquesta idea de construcció suposa que les paraules tenen aquest ordre natural; no és tan fàcil d'establir en rigor. Un exemple d'ordre natural seria omnia mutantur, nihil interit (tot canvia, res mor).<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Per oposició, l'ordre que inclou desviacions de la norma, per raons ètiques o estètiques, se li dona el nom de figurat, invers o oblic, com en «Vim Demostenes habuit», en què <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dem%C3%B2stenes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Demòstenes">Demòstenes</a> ha estat desplaçat del seu primer lloc. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Preposicions">Preposicions</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Preposicions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r30997230"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Article principal: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llista_de_preposicions_del_llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llista de preposicions del llatí">Llista de preposicions del llatí</a> </div> Les preposicions del llatí poden introduir casos ablatius, acusatius i, en menor mesura, genitius. </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <h2 id="Fonètica_i_fonologia">Fonètica i <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://latinonline.es/gramatica-latina/1-1-el-alfabeto-latino-y-su-pronunciacion-clasica/">fonologia</a></h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Fonètica i fonologia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r30997230"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Article principal: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gram%C3%A0tica_llatina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gramàtica llatina">Gramàtica llatina</a> </div> <table class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin: 1em;"> <tbody> <tr bgcolor="#EFEFEF"> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2">Lletra</th> <th colspan="2">Pronúncia<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8">[8]</a></th> </tr> <tr> <th>Clàssica</th> <th>Vulgar</th> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ă</th> <td>A breu</td> <td>[a]</td> <td>[a]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ā</th> <td>A llarga</td> <td>[aː]</td> <td>[a]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ĕ</th> <td>E breu</td> <td>[e]</td> <td>[ɛ] (>[je])</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ē</th> <td>E llarga</td> <td>[eː]</td> <td>[e]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ĭ</th> <td>I breu</td> <td>[i]</td> <td>[e]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ī</th> <td>I llarga</td> <td>[iː]</td> <td>[i]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ŏ</th> <td>O breu</td> <td>[o]</td> <td>[ɔ] (>[wɔ/we])</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ō</th> <td>O llarga</td> <td>[oː]</td> <td>[o]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ŭ</th> <td>V breu</td> <td>[u]</td> <td>[o]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ū</th> <td>V llarga</td> <td>[uː]</td> <td>[u]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">y̆</th> <td>Y breu</td> <td>[y]</td> <td>[e]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">ȳ</th> <td>Y llarga</td> <td>[yː]</td> <td>[i]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">æ</th> <td>AE</td> <td>[ai]</td> <td>[ɛ] (>[je])</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">œ</th> <td>OE</td> <td>[oi]</td> <td>[e]</td> </tr> <tr> <th bgcolor="#EFEFEF">au</th> <td>AV</td> <td>[au]</td> <td>[au] > [ɔ]</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> El llatí es pronunciava de manera diferent en els temps antics, en els temps clàssics i en els postclàssics; també era diferent el llatí culte dels diversos dialectes de llatí vulgar. En ser el llatí una llengua morta, no se sap amb exactitud la pronunciació de la grafia llatina: històricament s'han proposat diversos tipus de pronúncia. Les més conegudes són l'eclesiàstica (o italiana), que s'apropa més a la pronunciació del llatí tardà que a la del llatí clàssic, la pronuntiatio restituto (pronunciació reconstruïda), que és l'intent de reconstruir la fonètica original, i l'erasmita. La comparació amb altres llengües indoeuropees també és important per determinar el probable valor fonètic de certes lletres. No hi ha un acord entre els estudiosos, però sembla que el llatí, al llarg de la seva història, passà per períodes en què l'accent era musical i per altres en què l'accent era d'intensitat. El que sembla clar és que l'accent tònic depèn de la quantitat de síl·labes, segons aquest esquema: <ol> <li>En llatí no hi ha paraules agudes, accentuades a l'última síl·laba.</li> <li>Tota paraula de dues síl·labes és plana.</li> <li>Per saber l'accentuació de les paraules de tres o més síl·labes, cal conèixer la penúltima síl·laba. Si és llarga, la paraula és plana, si és breu, la paraula és esdrúixola.</li> <li>Els diftongs llatins són: ae, au, oe.</li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Sistema_vocàlic_i_consonàntic">Sistema vocàlic i consonàntic</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Sistema vocàlic i consonàntic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> El llatí clàssic tenia cinc <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vocal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vocal">vocals</a> /<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/A?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="A">a</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/E?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="E">e</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="I">i</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/O?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="O">o</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U">u</a>/. Totes podien pronunciar-se breus o llargues amb valor de distinció fonològica. La <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Y?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Y">y</a> (i grega) originàriament no formava part del sistema vocàlic llatí i només apareixia en préstecs cultes grecs. La seva pronunciació en el grec clàssic corresponia, aproximadament, a la u francesa o <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%9C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ü">ü</a> alemanya [y]. En llatí generalment es pronunciava com una i, car per a la població poc educada resultava difícil pronunciar la /y/ grega. Les <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Consonant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consonant">consonants</a> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="F">f</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="K">k</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L">l</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="M">m</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="N">n</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/P?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="P">p</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="R">r</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="S">s</a> es pronunciaven com en català. La <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="B">b</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="D">d</a>, <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/G?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="G">g</a>, eren sempre oclusives sonores. La <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="C">c</a> es pronunciava com una [k] en totes les posicions. Els <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%ADgraf?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dígraf">dígrafs</a> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Qu">qu</a> corresponia sempre a [kw]. La lletra <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="V">v</a> era una variant escrita, i representava la semiconsonant [w], que en llatí parlat es pronunciava com [β]. Aquest so després es va reforçar a [b] inicial en alguns dialectes occidentals i a [v] a la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rom%C3%A0nia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romània">Romània</a> oriental. La <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/X?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="X">x</a> tenia el so [ks], com en èxit. La k i la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Z?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Z">z</a> originàriament no formaven part de l'alfabet llatí i apareixien només en alguns préstecs grecs. L'última corresponia, al principi, al so [dz] com en la paraula d'origen italià pizza, després acabà tornant-se fricativa a [z]. No se sap amb certesa la pronunciació exacta de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="S">s</a> llatina. Tenint en compte que era l'única <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sibilant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibilant">sibilant</a> en el sistema consonàntic llatí, molts lingüistes consideren que tenia un so intermedi entre [s] i [ʃ]. Aquest correspondria exactament a la realització apicoalveolar de la /s/ catalana, pròpia de les variants septentrionals peninsulars. Tal és la realització també de la /s/ grega, llengua que també la té com a única sibilant. Segons una teoria acceptada per la comunitat lingüística, la pronunciació apicoalveolar de la /s/ és pròpia d'aquelles llengües que la tenen com a únic so sibilant, ja que no existeix la necessitat de distingir d'un altre fonema que seria la [ʃ]. Potser aquest fet sigui l'origen del rotacisme intervocàlic llatí en paraules com flos > flors (<* floses). </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"> <h2 id="Diccionaris_de_llatí">Diccionaris de llatí</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Diccionaris de llatí" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> Actualment no hi ha diccionari llatí-català en línia que sigui complet i operatiu. Co, tot i això, tindríem el Vox (<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grupo_Anaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Grupo Anaya">Grup Anaya</a>) o el Diccionari de l'Enciclopèdia (<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Grup_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana">Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana</a>). Pel que fa a diccionaris llatí-castellà, tampoc no n'hi ha cap que estigui complet, tot i que hi ha algunes opcions gratuïtes i d'accés lliure com el Nou <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Manuel_de_valbuena&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Manuel de valbuena (encara no existeix)">Valbuena</a> o el DidacTerion, impulsat pel <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ministeri_d%27Educaci%C3%B3_i_Formaci%C3%B3_Professional_d%27Espanya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministeri d'Educació i Formació Professional d'Espanya">Ministeri d'Educació</a> del <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Govern_d%27Espanya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Govern d'Espanya">Govern d'Espanya</a>. Cal remarcar que aquest últim conté només uns nou mil termes. La plataforma Latín Online ha indexat el Diccionari <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Raimundo_de_Miguel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Raimundo de Miguel">de Miguel</a> i de Morante, publicat en línia. Descriu l'obra com «el diccionari de llatí que avui dia no ha trobat rival en llengua espanyola».<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Fora d'això, també hi ha altres diccionaris tant impresos com digitals, entre els quals destaquen el Gaffiot llatí-francès o l'Oxford Latin Dictionary llatí-anglès. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Noves_hipòtesis_sobre_el_llatí">Noves hipòtesis sobre el llatí</h3> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Noves hipòtesis sobre el llatí" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> Darrerament hi ha una nova hipòtesi d'investigació que defensa que les llengües romàniques comparteixen una tipologia lingüística que ens remet a una llengua mare comuna de caràcter aglutinant molt més antiga que el llatí. Es va demostrant que la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ling%C3%BC%C3%ADstica_cognitiva?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lingüística cognitiva">lingüística cognitiva</a> prové d'una base simbòlica que ha sobreviscut en el lèxic dels romanços actuals, per exemple, provinent de l’iber i d'altres llengües antigues de cada territori. Les proves van deduint que aquest procés no passa pel llatí, ja que aquesta era una llengua morta abans que Roma colonitzés la península Ibèrica.<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11">[11]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"> <h2 id="Vegeu_també">Vegeu també</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Declinaci%C3%B3_del_llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Declinació del llatí">Declinació del llatí</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Locucions_i_cites_llatines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Locucions i cites llatines">Locucions i cites llatines</a>.</li> <li><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llengua_fusional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Llengua fusional">Llengua fusional</a>.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"> <h2 id="Referències_i_notes">Referències i notes</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Referències i notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> El llatí és llengua oficial de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Santa_Seu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Santa Seu">Santa Seu</a>, mentre que l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Itali%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Italià">italià</a> ho és de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ciutat_del_Vatic%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ciutat del Vaticà">Ciutat del Vaticà</a>.</li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marc_Terenci_Varr%C3%B3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marc Terenci Varró">Varró</a>. La lengua latina, 5, 97.</li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://recursos.cnice.mec.es/latingriego/Palladium/latin/esl232ca2.php">Llatí, castellà i altres llengües romàniques - El lèxic llatí - Llatí 2n</a> (en castellà).</li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> "La Grècia conquerida va conquerir el seu salvatge vencedor i va introduir les arts al rústic Laci".</li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> Horaci. Epístoles, 2, 4, 156-157.</li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> Pl. Rud. 402.</li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> Ovidi. Metamorphoseon 15, 165.</li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> Consulteu l'<a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alfabet_fon%C3%A8tic_internacional?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alfabet fonètic internacional">alfabet fonètic internacional</a> per a una explicació dels símbols usats.</li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a> «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://latinonline.es/diccionario-latin-espanol/">Diccionario latín-español</a>». [Consulta: 26 maig 2020].</li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> Jiménez Huertas, Carme. No venimos del latin: Edición revisada y ampliada (en castellà). 2a. Las sandalias de Mercurio, 2016, p. 158. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1522751854?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1522751854">ISBN 978-1522751854</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+venimos+del+latin%3A+Edici%C3%B3n+revisada+y+ampliada&rft.aulast=Jim%C3%A9nez+Huertas&rft.aufirst=Carme&rft.edition=2a&rft.pub=Las+sandalias+de+Mercurio%2C+2016&rft.pages=158&rft.isbn=978-1522751854"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Llat%C3%AD?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> Cortez, Yves. Le français ne vient pas du latin! Essai sur une aberration lingüistique (en francès). L'Harmattan, 2007. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-2296030817?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-2296030817">ISBN 978-2296030817</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+fran%C3%A7ais+ne+vient+pas+du+latin%21+Essai+sur+une+aberration+ling%C3%BCistique&rft.aulast=Cortez&rft.aufirst=Yves&rft.date=2007&rft.pub=L%27Harmattan&rft.isbn=978-2296030817"> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"> <h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <div class="refbegin" style="margin-left:1.5em;-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> <ul> <li>Bassols de Climent, Mariano. Sintaxis latina, vol. 1. Madrid: C.S.I.C, 1956/1976.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sintaxis+latina%2C+vol.+1&rft.aulast=Bassols+de+Climent&rft.aufirst=Mariano&rft.date=1956%2F1976&rft.pub=Madrid%3A+C.S.I.C"> </li> <li>Ernout, Alfred; Thomas, François. Syntaxe latine. París: Klineksieck, 1953/1964.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Syntaxe+latine&rft.aulast=Ernout&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft.date=1953%2F1964&rft.pub=Par%C3%ADs%3A+Klineksieck"> </li> <li>Griffin, R. M.. Gramática Latina de Cambridge (Adapt. de J. Hernández Vizuete). Sevilla: Secretariado de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Sevilla, 4ª Ed. espdatala, 1999.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gram%C3%A1tica+Latina+de+Cambridge+%28Adapt.+de+J.+Hern%C3%A1ndez+Vizuete%29&rft.au=Griffin%2C+R.+M.&rft.date=4%C2%AA+Ed.+espdatala%2C+1999&rft.pub=Sevilla%3A+Secretariado+de+Publicaciones+de+la+Universidad+de+Sevilla"> </li> <li>Rubio, L. y González, T.. Nueva Gramática Latina. Madrid: Coloquio, 1996.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nueva+Gram%C3%A1tica+Latina&rft.au=Rubio%2C+L.+y+Gonz%C3%A1lez%2C+T.&rft.date=1996&rft.pub=Madrid%3A+Coloquio"> </li> <li>Bassols de Climent, Mariano. Fonética latina; con un apéndice sobre Fonemática latina por Sebastián Mariner Bigorra. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1992.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fon%C3%A9tica+latina%3B+con+un+ap%C3%A9ndice+sobre+Fonem%C3%A1tica+latina+por+Sebasti%C3%A1n+Mariner+Bigorra&rft.au=Bassols+de+Climent%2C+Mariano&rft.date=1992&rft.pub=Madrid%3A+Consejo+Superior+de+Investigaciones+Cient%C3%ADficas"> </li> <li>Monteil, Pierre. Elementos de fonética y morfología del latín; traducción, introducción, notas suplementarias y actualización de la bibliografía de Concepción Fernández. Sevilla: Universidad de Sevilla, Secretariado de Publicaciones, 1992.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elementos+de+fon%C3%A9tica+y+morfolog%C3%ADa+del+lat%C3%ADn%3B+traducci%C3%B3n%2C+introducci%C3%B3n%2C+notas+suplementarias+y+actualizaci%C3%B3n+de+la+bibliograf%C3%ADa+de+Concepci%C3%B3n+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft.au=Monteil%2C+Pierre&rft.date=1992&rft.pub=Sevilla%3A+Universidad+de+Sevilla%2C+Secretariado+de+Publicaciones"> </li> <li>Herman, József. El latín vulgar; traducción, introducción, índice y bibliografía de Ma del Carmen Arias Abellán. Barcelona: Ariel, 2001.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+lat%C3%ADn+vulgar%3B+traducci%C3%B3n%2C+introducci%C3%B3n%2C+%C3%ADndice+y+bibliograf%C3%ADa+de+Ma+del+Carmen+Arias+Abell%C3%A1n&rft.au=Herman%2C+J%C3%B3zsef&rft.date=2001&rft.pub=Barcelona%3A+Ariel"> </li> <li>Gernaert Willmar, Lucio R. R.. Diccionario de aforismos y locuciones latinas de uso forense. 2a edición, Buenos Aires: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Editorial_Lexis_Nexis&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Editorial Lexis Nexis (encara no existeix)">Editorial Lexis Nexis</a>, 2000. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/950-20-1272-0:_CD-ROM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/950-20-1272-0: CD-ROM">ISBN 950-20-1272-0: CD-ROM</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diccionario+de+aforismos+y+locuciones+latinas+de+uso+forense&rft.au=Gernaert+Willmar%2C+Lucio+R.+R.&rft.date=2000&rft.pub=2a+edici%C3%B3n%2C+Buenos+Aires%3A+%5B%5BEditorial+Lexis+Nexis%5D%5D&rft.isbn=950-20-1272-0: CD-ROM"> </li> <li>Herrero Llorente, Victor-José. Diccionario de expresiones y frases latinas. 3ª edición corregida y muy aumentada, 2ª reimpresión. Madrid: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Editorial_Gredos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Editorial Gredos">Editorial Gredos</a>, 2001. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-249-0996-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-249-0996-3">ISBN 978-84-249-0996-3</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diccionario+de+expresiones+y+frases+latinas&rft.au=Herrero+Llorente%2C+Victor-Jos%C3%A9&rft.date=2001&rft.pub=3%C2%AA+edici%C3%B3n+corregida+y+muy+aumentada%2C+2%C2%AA+reimpresi%C3%B3n.+Madrid%3A+%5B%5BEditorial+Gredos%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-84-249-0996-3"> </li> <li> Verbi gratia: diccionario de expresiones latinas. Madrid: Editorial Gredos, 2007. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-249-2880-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-249-2880-3">ISBN 978-84-249-2880-3</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Verbi+gratia%3A+diccionario+de+expresiones+latinas&rft.date=2007&rft.pub=Madrid%3A+Editorial+Gredos&rft.isbn=978-84-249-2880-3"> </li> <li>Segura Munguía, Santiago. Clave del Método de Latín. Bilbao: <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universitat_de_Deusto?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Universitat de Deusto">Universitat de Deusto</a>, 2008. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-9830-135-9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-9830-135-9">ISBN 978-84-9830-135-9</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Clave+del+M%C3%A9todo+de+Lat%C3%ADn&rft.au=Segura+Mungu%C3%ADa%2C+Santiago&rft.date=2008&rft.pub=Bilbao%3A+%5B%5BUniversitat+de+Deusto%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-84-9830-135-9"> </li> <li> Nuevo diccionario etimológico Latín-Español y de las voces derivadas. tercera edició. Bilbao: Universitat de Deusto, 2006. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-7485-754-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-7485-754-2">ISBN 978-84-7485-754-2</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nuevo+diccionario+etimol%C3%B3gico+Lat%C3%ADn-Espa%C3%B1ol+y+de+las+voces+derivadas&rft.date=2006&rft.pub=tercera+edici%C3%B3.+Bilbao%3A+Universitat+de+Deusto&rft.isbn=978-84-7485-754-2"> </li> <li> Diccionario por Raíces del Latín y de las voces derivadas. Bilbao: Universitat de Deusto, 2006. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-9830-023-9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-9830-023-9">ISBN 978-84-9830-023-9</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diccionario+por+Ra%C3%ADces+del+Lat%C3%ADn+y+de+las+voces+derivadas&rft.date=2006&rft.pub=Bilbao%3A+Universitat+de+Deusto&rft.isbn=978-84-9830-023-9"> </li> <li> Método de Latín. Bilbao: Universitat de Deusto, 2006. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-9830-024-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-9830-024-6">ISBN 978-84-9830-024-6</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9todo+de+Lat%C3%ADn&rft.date=2006&rft.pub=Bilbao%3A+Universitat+de+Deusto&rft.isbn=978-84-9830-024-6"> </li> <li> Gramática Latina. Bilbao: Universitat de Deusto, 2004. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-7485-925-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-7485-925-6">ISBN 978-84-7485-925-6</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gram%C3%A1tica+Latina&rft.date=2004&rft.pub=Bilbao%3A+Universitat+de+Deusto&rft.isbn=978-84-7485-925-6"> </li> <li> Frases y expresiones latinas de uso actual: con un anexo sobre las instituciones jurídicas romanas. Bilbao: Universitat de Deusto, 2006. <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-84-9830-054-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-84-9830-054-3">ISBN 978-84-9830-054-3</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frases+y+expresiones+latinas+de+uso+actual%3A+con+un+anexo+sobre+las+instituciones+jur%C3%ADdicas+romanas&rft.date=2006&rft.pub=Bilbao%3A+Universitat+de+Deusto&rft.isbn=978-84-9830-054-3"> </li> <li>Väänänen, Veikko. Introducción al latín vulgar. Madrid: Editorial Gredos, 1967/1975.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introducci%C3%B3n+al+lat%C3%ADn+vulgar&rft.au=V%C3%A4%C3%A4n%C3%A4nen%2C+Veikko&rft.date=1967%2F1975&rft.pub=Madrid%3A+Editorial+Gredos"> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"> <h2 id="Enllaços_externs">Enllaços externs</h2> <a role="button" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> modifica </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style> <div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 34px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="34" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"> A <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikiquote.org/wiki/Portada" class="extiw" title="q:Portada">Viquidites</a> hi ha citacions, dites populars i frases fetes relatives a <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikiquote.org/wiki/Frases_en_llat%25C3%25AD" class="extiw" title="q:Frases en llatí">Llatí</a> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33663753"> <div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"> A <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%25C3%25A0gina_principal?uselang%3Dca">Wikimedia Commons</a> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Latin_language" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Latin language">Llatí</a> </div> </div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33663753"> <div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="37" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 37px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="40" data-height="37" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/60px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/80px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  </div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"> Hi ha una <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="la:">edició en llatí</a> de la <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Viquipèdia">Viquipèdia</a> </div> </div> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.freelang.net/espanol/diccionario/catalan.html">Diccionari Freelang</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20050827075510/http://www.freelang.net/espanol/diccionario/catalan.html">Arxivat</a> 2005-08-27 a <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. - Diccionari llatí-català/català-llatí / castellano-català/català-castellano.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net">Ephemeris</a> - Un diari de notícies enterament en llatí.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://yle.fi/radio1/tiede/nuntii_latini/">Nuntii Latini</a>, programa d'actualitat que s'emet cada setmana per YLE Radio (Finlàndia), que es pot escoltat també per internet.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/lat">Informació sobre Llatí a la XV edició de l'Ethnologue, amb el codi “lat”</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33711417">.mw-parser-output .languageicon{font-size:0.95em;color:#555;background-color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}</style>(anglès)</li> </ul> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.circuluslatinusinterretialis.co.uk/">Circulus Latinus, societat universal que organitza grups de conversa en llatí</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20130520083843/http://circuluslatinusinterretialis.co.uk/">Arxivat</a> 2013-05-20 a <a href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> </ul> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/llat%25C3%25AD" class="extiw" title="wikt:llatí">Viccionari</a>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=mobile" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DLlat%C3%AD%26oldid%3D34303211">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Llatí&oldid=34303211</a>» </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://ca-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Llat%C3%AD&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Darrera modificació: 1 des 2024 a les 21:12 </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Llengües</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2590%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D2%25AD%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B1%25D1%258B%25D0%25B7%25D1%2588%25D3%2599%25D0%25B0" title="Алаҭын бызшәа - abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Алаҭын бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Latyn" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateinische_Sprache" title="Lateinische Sprache - alemany suís" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Lateinische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemany suís" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2588%25AE%25E1%2588%259B%25E1%258B%25AD%25E1%2588%25B5%25E1%258C%25A5" title="ሮማይስጥ - amhàric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሮማይስጥ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhàric" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25ADn" title="Latín - aragonès" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Latín" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25A6den" title="Læden - anglès antic" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Læden" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="anglès antic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Obolo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A8_%25E0%25A4%25AD%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="लैटिन भाषा - angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="लैटिन भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D8%25BA%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="اللغة اللاتينية - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة اللاتينية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DC%25A0%25DC%25AB%25DC%25A2%25DC%2590_%25DC%25A0%25DC%2590%25DC%259B%25DC%259D%25DC%25A2%25DC%259D%25DC%2590" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܐ - arameu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܠܐܛܝܢܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="لاتينية - Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لاتينية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D9%2589" title="لاتينى - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لاتينى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A8_%25E0%25A6%25AD%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B7%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="লেটিন ভাষা - assamès" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লেটিন ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamès" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_llat%25C3%25ADn" title="Idioma llatín - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma llatín" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D3%2580" title="Латин мацӀ - àvar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Латин мацӀ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="àvar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C4%25B1n_dili" title="Latın dili - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Latın dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25DB%258C%25D9%2586_%25D8%25AF%25DB%258C%25D9%2584%25DB%258C" title="لاتین دیلی - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لاتین دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5" title="Латин теле - baixkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Латин теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baixkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Latin" title="Basa Latin - balinès" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Latin" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latein" title="Latein - bavarès" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Latein" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luot%25C4%25ABnu_kalba" title="Luotīnu kalba - Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Luotīnu kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon_na_Latin" title="Tataramon na Latin - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon na Latin" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%2596%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Лацінская мова - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лацінская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2586%25D1%2596%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Лацінская мова - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лацінская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Латински език - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Латински език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A8" title="लैटिन - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="लैटिन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A8_%25E0%25A6%25AD%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B7%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="লাতিন ভাষা - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লাতিন ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BD%25A3%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%258F%25E0%25BD%25B2%25E0%25BD%2593%25E0%25BC%258B%25E0%25BD%25A6%25E0%25BE%2590%25E0%25BD%2591%25E0%25BC%258D" title="ལ་ཏིན་སྐད། - tibetà" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལ་ཏིན་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetà" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - bretó" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretó" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Latinski jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro_Latin" title="Saro Latin - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro Latin" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0_%25D1%2585%25D1%258D%25D0%25BB%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD" title="Лата хэлэн - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Лата хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_Latin" title="Lengua Latin - Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Lengua Latin" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25A1-d%25C4%25ADng-ng%25E1%25B9%25B3%25CC%2584" title="Lá-dĭng-ngṳ̄ - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lá-dĭng-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D1%2582" title="Латинан мотт - txetxè" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Латинан мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="txetxè" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linatin" title="Linatin - cebuà" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Linatin" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuà" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%258E%25A0%25E1%258F%2582%25E1%258E%25B6%25E1%258E%25BB_%25E1%258E%25A4%25E1%258F%2582%25E1%258F%25AC%25E1%258F%2582%25E1%258E%25AF%25E1%258F%258D%25E1%258F%2597" title="ᎠᏂᎶᎻ ᎤᏂᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ - cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏂᎶᎻ ᎤᏂᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B2%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C_%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DB%258C" title="زمانی لاتینی - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی لاتینی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina - cors" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Lingua latina" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="cors" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_tili" title="Latin tili - tàtar de Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Latin tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="tàtar de Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latina" title="Latina - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Latina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%2581acy%25C5%2584sczi_j%25C3%25A3z%25C3%25ABk" title="Łacyńsczi jãzëk - caixubi" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Łacyńsczi jãzëk" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="caixubi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A_%25D1%25A9%25EA%2599%2581%25EA%2599%2591%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A" title="Латиньскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ - eslau eclesiàstic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Латиньскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="eslau eclesiàstic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2587%25C4%2595%25D0%25BB%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8" title="Латин чĕлхи - txuvaix" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Латин чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaix" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lladin" title="Lladin - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lladin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latein" title="Latein - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Latein" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinki" title="Latinki - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Latinki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%2581aty%25C5%2584%25C5%25A1%25C4%2587ina" title="Łatyńšćina - baix sòrab" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Łatyńšćina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="baix sòrab" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boros_Latin" title="Boros Latin - Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Boros Latin" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%259B%25CE%25B1%25CF%2584%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AE_%25CE%25B3%25CE%25BB%25CF%258E%25CF%2583%25CF%2583%25CE%25B1" title="Λατινική γλώσσα - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λατινική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25A8in" title="Latèin - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Latèin" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latina_lingvo" title="Latina lingvo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Latina lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="article bo"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25ADn" title="Latín - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Latín" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladina_keel" title="Ladina keel - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ladina keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_latina" title="Lengua latina - extremeny" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lengua latina" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremeny" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25DB%258C%25D9%2586" title="لاتین - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لاتین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latina" title="Latina - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Latina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladina_kiil" title="Ladina kiil - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ladina kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25ADnskt_m%25C3%25A1l" title="Latínskt mál - feroès" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Latínskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latiinsk_spriak" title="Latiinsk spriak - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Latiinsk spriak" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenghe_latine" title="Lenghe latine - friülà" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lenghe latine" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friülà" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Latyn" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Laidin" title="An Laidin - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Laidin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_dili" title="Latin dili - gagaús" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Latin dili" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagaús" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258B%2589%25E4%25B8%2581%25E8%25AA%259E" title="拉丁語 - xinès gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="拉丁語" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="xinès gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laten" title="Laten - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Laten" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laideann" title="Laideann - gaèlic escocès" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Laideann" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaèlic escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua latina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasio%25C3%25B1e%2527%25E1%25BA%25BD" title="Lasioñe'ẽ - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Lasioñe'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25F0%2590%258C%25BB%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258D%2584%25F0%2590%258C%25B9%25F0%2590%258C%25BD%25F0%2590%258C%25B9%25F0%2590%258D%2583%25F0%2590%258C%25BA%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258D%2582%25F0%2590%258C%25B0%25F0%2590%258C%25B6%25F0%2590%258C%25B3%25F0%2590%258C%25B0" title="𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 - gòtic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gòtic" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladjyn" title="Ladjyn - manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ladjyn" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harshen_Latin" title="Harshen Latin - haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Harshen Latin" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25A2-t%25C3%25AAn-ng%25C3%25AE" title="Lâ-tên-ngî - xinès hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lâ-tên-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="xinès hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259C%25D7%2598%25D7%2599%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA" title="לטינית - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לטינית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A8_%25E0%25A4%25AD%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="लातिन भाषा - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लातिन भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - hindi de Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi de Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Latinski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%2581a%25C4%2587on%25C5%25A1%25C4%2587ina" title="Łaćonšćina - alt sòrab" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Łaćonšćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alt sòrab" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laten" title="Laten - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Laten" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_nyelv" title="Latin nyelv - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Latin nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BC%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BF%25D5%25AB%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25A5%25D5%25B6" title="Լատիներեն - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լատիներեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25BC%25D5%25A1%25D5%25BF%25D5%25AB%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580%25D5%25A7%25D5%25B6" title="Լատիներէն - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լատիներէն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_latin" title="Lingua latin - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lingua latin" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku_Latin" title="Jaku Latin - iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku Latin" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Latin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Latin" title="Pagsasao a Latin - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao a Latin" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D1%2582" title="Латиний мотт - ingúix" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Латиний мотт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingúix" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latina_linguo" title="Latina linguo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Latina linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25ADna" title="Latína - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Latína" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua latina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%25A9%25E3%2583%2586%25E3%2583%25B3%25E8%25AA%259E" title="ラテン語 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラテン語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latn" title="Latn - crioll anglès de Jamaica" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Latn" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="crioll anglès de Jamaica" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Latin" title="Basa Latin - javanès" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Latin" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2590" title="ლათინური ენა - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლათინური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C4%25B1n_tili" title="Latın tili - karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Latın tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talatint" title="Talatint - cabilenc" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Talatint" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabilenc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B%25D0%25B1%25D0%25B7%25D1%258D" title="Латиныбзэ - kabardí" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Латиныбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardí" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C9%259B%25C5%258B_k%25CA%258An%25CA%258A%25C5%258B" title="Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lati%25CC%25B1n_(a%25CC%25B1lyem)" title="Lati̱n (a̱lyem) - tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Lati̱n (a̱lyem)" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilatini" title="Kilatini - kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kilatini" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Latin" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2582%25D1%2596%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596" title="Латын тілі - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Латын тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latiinerisut" title="Latiinerisut - groenlandès" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Latiinerisut" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="groenlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kalaallisut</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%259E%2597%25E1%259E%25B6%25E1%259E%259F%25E1%259E%25B6%25E1%259E%25A1%25E1%259E%25B6%25E1%259E%258F%25E1%259E%25B6%25E1%259F%2586%25E1%259E%2584" title="ភាសាឡាតាំង - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាឡាតាំង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25B2%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25AF%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B3%258D" title="ಲ್ಯಾಟಿನ್ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಲ್ಯಾಟಿನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%259D%25BC%25ED%258B%25B4%25EC%2596%25B4" title="라틴어 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="라틴어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BB" title="Латин тил - karatxai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Латин тил" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatxai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%25B2%25D8%25B7%25D9%2590%25D9%2586_%25D8%25B2%25D9%258E%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="لٲطِن زَبان - caixmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="لٲطِن زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="caixmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latting" title="Latting - kölsch" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Latting" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölsch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%25C3%25AA_lat%25C3%25AEn%25C3%25AE" title="Zimanê latînî - kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê latînî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BA%25D1%258B%25D0%25B2" title="Латин кыв - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Латин кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - còrnic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="còrnic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="article de qualitat"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Latina" title="Lingua Latina - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Latina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25ADn" title="Latín - judeocastellà" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Latín" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="judeocastellà" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25A4in" title="Latäin - luxemburguès" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Latäin" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D3%258F%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7" title="Латӏин маз - Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Латӏин маз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2587%25D3%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB" title="Латин чӀал - lesguià" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Латин чӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lesguià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latina_(lingua)" title="Latina (lingua) - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Latina (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latien" title="Latien - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Latien" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25A9ngoa_lat%25C3%25ACnn-a" title="Léngoa latìnn-a - lígur" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Léngoa latìnn-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="lígur" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaz_latin" title="Lingaz latin - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lingaz latin" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latina" title="Latina - lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Latina" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25BA%259E%25E0%25BA%25B2%25E0%25BA%25AA%25E0%25BA%25B2%25E0%25BA%25A5%25E0%25BA%25B2%25E0%25BB%2581%25E0%25BA%2595%25E0%25BA%2587" title="ພາສາລາແຕງ - laosià" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາລາແຕງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosià" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotyn%25C5%25B3_kalba" title="Lotynų kalba - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lotynų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C4%25AB%25C5%2586u_valoda" title="Latīņu valoda - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Latīņu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C_%25D0%25BA%25D1%258F%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C" title="Латинонь кяль - mordovià moksa" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Латинонь кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mordovià moksa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_latina" title="Fiteny latina - malgaix" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny latina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaix" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B9%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5" title="Латин йылме - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Латин йылме" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_R%25C4%2581tini" title="Reo Rātini - maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Rātini" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Латински јазик - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Латински јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25B2%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B1%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B5%25BB" title="ലാറ്റിൻ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലാറ്റിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2585%25D1%258D%25D0%25BB" title="Латин хэл - mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Латин хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25AF%2582%25EA%25AF%25A6%25EA%25AF%2587%25EA%25AF%25A4%25EA%25AF%259F_%25EA%25AF%2582%25EA%25AF%25A3%25EA%25AF%259F" title="ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ - manipurí" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipurí" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2585%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A8_%25E0%25A4%25AD%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="लॅटिन भाषा - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लॅटिन भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B9%25D3%25B9%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BC%25D3%25B9" title="Латин йӹлмӹ - mari occidental" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Латин йӹлмӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="mari occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Latin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_Latina" title="Lingwa Latina - maltès" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa Latina" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lh%25C3%25A9ngua_lhatina" title="Lhéngua lhatina - mirandès" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Lhéngua lhatina" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%259C%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2598%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%25B8" title="လက်တင်ဘာသာစကား - birmà" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လက်တင်ဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmà" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C_%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C" title="Латинэнь кель - mordovià erza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Латинэнь кель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="mordovià erza" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25DB%258C%25D9%2586" title="لاتین - mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لاتین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_latina" title="Lengua latina - napolità" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Lengua latina" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolità" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latiensche_Spraak" title="Latiensche Spraak - baix alemany" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Latiensche Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baix alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latien" title="Latien - baix saxó" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Latien" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baix saxó" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25A8_%25E0%25A4%25AD%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="रोमन भाषा - nepalès" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रोमन भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalès" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A8_%25E0%25A4%25AD%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="ल्याटिन भाषा - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ल्याटिन भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Latijn" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinum" title="Latinum - novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Latinum" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25AEn" title="Latîn - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Latîn" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilatini" title="Chilatini - nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Chilatini" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinan_kieli" title="Latinan kieli - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Latinan kieli" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%25B2%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%259F%25E0%25AC%25BF%25E0%25AC%25A8_%25E0%25AC%25AD%25E0%25AC%25BE%25E0%25AC%25B7%25E0%25AC%25BE" title="ଲାଟିନ ଭାଷା - oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଲାଟିନ ଭାଷା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3_%25C3%25A6%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3" title="Латинаг æвзаг - osseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Латинаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osseta" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A4%25E0%25A9%2580%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A9%2580_%25E0%25A8%25AD%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25BE" title="ਲਾਤੀਨੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲਾਤੀਨੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salitan_Latino" title="Salitan Latino - pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Salitan Latino" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - papiament" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiament" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latein" title="Latein - alemany palatí" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Latein" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="alemany palatí" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pälzisch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leten" title="Leten - Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Leten" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%2581acina" title="Łacina - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Łacina" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_latin-a" title="Lenga latin-a - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga latin-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B7%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DB%258C" title="لاطینی - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لاطینی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D9%258A_%25DA%2598%25D8%25A8%25D9%2587" title="لاتيني ژبه - paixtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لاتيني ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paixtu" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latim" title="Latim - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Latim" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_simi" title="Latin simi - quítxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Latin simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quítxua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - retoromànic" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromànic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_latin%25C4%2583" title="Limba latină - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba latină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinica" title="Latinica - aromanès" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Latinica" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9_%25D1%258F%25D0%25B7%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA" title="Латинский язык - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Латинский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%258C%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D1%258B%25D0%25B9_%25D1%258F%25D0%25B7%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA" title="Латиньскый язык - Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Латиньскый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikilatini" title="Ikilatini - ruandès" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikilatini" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="ruandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25AD%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="लातिनीभाषा - sànscrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="लातिनीभाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sànscrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D1%258B%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0" title="Латыын тыла - iacut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Латыын тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%25B1%259E%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25B4%25E1%25B1%25A4%25E1%25B1%25B1_%25E1%25B1%25AF%25E1%25B1%259F%25E1%25B1%25B9%25E1%25B1%25A8%25E1%25B1%25A5%25E1%25B1%25A4" title="ᱞᱟᱴᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ - santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱞᱟᱴᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_latina" title="Limba latina - sard" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba latina" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina - sicilià" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua latina" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laitin" title="Laitin - escocès" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Laitin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B7%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D9%258A" title="لاطيني - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="لاطيني" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25A1htengiella" title="Láhtengiella - sami septentrional" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Láhtengiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinski_jezik" title="Latinski jezik - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Latinski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_Talatint" title="Tutlayt Talatint - taixelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tutlayt Talatint" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="taixelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B6%25AD%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%258A" title="ලතින් - singalès" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ලතින්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalès" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin%25C4%258Dina" title="Latinčina - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Latinčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B7%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DB%258C_%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="لاطینی زبان - Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="لاطینی زبان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin%25C5%25A1%25C4%258Dina" title="Latinščina - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Latinščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiratini" title="Chiratini - shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chiratini" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Af-Laatiin" title="Af-Laatiin - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Af-Laatiin" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_latine" title="Gjuha latine - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha latine" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D1%2598%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Латински језик - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Латински језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latiensk" title="Latiensk - Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Latiensk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Lat%25C3%25A9n" title="Basa Latén - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Latén" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilatini" title="Kilatini - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kilatini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%2581a%25C4%2587ina" title="Łaćina - silesià" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Łaćina" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%2587%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%2580%25E0%25AE%25A9%25E0%25AF%258D" title="இலத்தீன் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலத்தீன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25B2%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%259F%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B1%258D" title="లాటిన్ - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="లాటిన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2597%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B1%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D3%25A3" title="Забони лотинӣ - tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони лотинӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A0%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A9%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A5%25E0%25B8%25B0%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%2599" title="ภาษาละติน - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาละติน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latyn_dili" title="Latyn dili - turcman" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Latyn dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turcman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Latin" title="Wikang Latin - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Latin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latyni_zyvon" title="Latyni zyvon - talix" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Latyni zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talix" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Latin" title="Tok Latin - tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Tok Latin" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latince" title="Latince - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Latince" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5" title="Латин теле - tàtar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Латин теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tàtar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B4%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB" title="Латин дыл - tuvinià" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Латин дыл" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BA%25D1%258B%25D0%25BB" title="Латин кыл - udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Латин кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA%25D9%2589%25D9%2586_%25D8%25AA%25D9%2589%25D9%2584%25D9%2589" title="لاتىن تىلى - uigur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="لاتىن تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D1%258C%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0" title="Латинська мова - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Латинська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B7%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25DB%258C_%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="لاطینی زبان - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لاطینی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotin_tili" title="Lotin tili - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lotin tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C5%2581%25C3%25A9ngua_%25C5%2582atina" title="Łéngua łatina - vènet" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua łatina" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vènet" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinan_kel%2527" title="Latinan kel' - vepse" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Latinan kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepse" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%25E1%25BA%25BFng_Latinh" title="Tiếng Latinh - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Latinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Latyn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" title="Latin - volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Latin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lat%25C3%25A9n" title="Latén - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Latén" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linatin" title="Linatin - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Linatin" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258B%2589%25E4%25B8%2581%25E6%2596%2587" title="拉丁文 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="拉丁文" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BD" title="Латин келн - calmuc" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Латин келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="calmuc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulwimi_lwesiLatini" title="Ulwimi lwesiLatini - xosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ulwimi lwesiLatini" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25A3%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598_%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2590" title="ლათინური ნინა - mingrelià" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლათინური ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelià" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259C%25D7%2590%25D7%2598%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%259F" title="לאטיין - ídix" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לאטיין" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ídix" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2588d%25C3%25A8_L%25C3%25A1t%25C3%25ACn%25C3%25AC" title="Èdè Látìnì - ioruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Látìnì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ioruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn - zelandès" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Latijn" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zelandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E2%25B5%259C%25E2%25B5%2593%25E2%25B5%259C%25E2%25B5%258D%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%25A2%25E2%25B5%259C_%25E2%25B5%259C%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%258D%25E2%25B4%25B0%25E2%25B5%259C%25E2%25B5%2589%25E2%25B5%258F%25E2%25B5%259C" title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ - amazic estàndard marroquí" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="amazic estàndard marroquí" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258B%2589%25E4%25B8%2581%25E8%25AF%25AD" title="拉丁语 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="拉丁语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258B%2589%25E4%25B8%2581%25E8%25AA%259E" title="拉丁語 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="拉丁語" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lating-g%25C3%25AD" title="Lating-gí - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lating-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%258B%2589%25E4%25B8%2581%25E6%2596%2587" title="拉丁文 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="拉丁文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ILatin" title="ILatin - zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="ILatin" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" alt="Viquipèdia" width="120" height="23" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist 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