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Evangelical Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assyrian_Evangelical_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armenian_Evangelical_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenian_Evangelical_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Armenian Evangelical Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenian_Evangelical_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evangelical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evangelical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Evangelical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evangelical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Assyrian Pentecostal Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Believers_Eastern_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Believers_Eastern_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.3</span> <span>Believers Eastern Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Believers_Eastern_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evangelical_Church_of_Romania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evangelical_Church_of_Romania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.4</span> <span>Evangelical Church of Romania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evangelical_Church_of_Romania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evangelical_Orthodox_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evangelical_Orthodox_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.5</span> <span>Evangelical Orthodox Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evangelical_Orthodox_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-P'ent'ay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#P'ent'ay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.6</span> <span>P'ent'ay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-P'ent'ay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>List of churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="color: black;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#efefef;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Protestantism" title="Category:Protestantism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#efefef;;padding:0.2em; background:#efefef;"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Golden_Christian_Cross.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Latin version of the Christian cross which is used by virtually all Protestant denominations"><img alt="Latin version of the Christian cross which is used by virtually all Protestant denominations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Golden_Christian_Cross.svg/85px-Golden_Christian_Cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Golden_Christian_Cross.svg/128px-Golden_Christian_Cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Golden_Christian_Cross.svg/170px-Golden_Christian_Cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1052" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Protestantism" title="Outline of Protestantism">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;;background:#efefef;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Protestantism" title="Anti-Protestantism">Anti-Protestantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Bible" title="Protestant Bible">Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Protestantism" title="Criticism of Protestantism">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_culture" title="Protestant culture">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_by_country" title="Protestantism by country">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_ecclesiology" title="Protestant ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_liturgy" title="Protestant liturgy">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic%E2%80%93Protestant_relations" title="Catholic–Protestant relations">Relations with Catholics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_theologies" title="Protestant theologies">Theologies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Solas" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Solas">Five Solas</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;;background:#efefef;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Protestantism" title="History of Protestantism">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestantism" title="Proto-Protestantism">Proto-Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Reformation" title="Bohemian Reformation">Bohemian Reformation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magisterial_Reformation" title="Magisterial Reformation">Magisterial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Reformation" title="Radical Reformation">Radical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ninety-five_Theses" title="Ninety-five Theses">Ninety-five Theses</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg_Confession" title="Augsburg Confession">Augsburg Confession</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huldrych_Zwingli" title="Huldrych Zwingli">Huldrych Zwingli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arminianism" title="Arminianism">Arminianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crypto-Protestantism" title="Crypto-Protestantism">Crypto-Protestantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">Nonconformists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Dissenters" title="English Dissenters">Dissenters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puritans" title="Puritans">Puritans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley" title="John Wesley">John Wesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietism" title="Pietism">Pietism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Awakening" title="Great Awakening">Great Awakenings in America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revival_meeting" title="Revival meeting">Revival meetings</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef;;background:#efefef;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations#Protestant" title="List of Christian denominations">Branches</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Protestants">Proto-Protestants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites">Hussites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_tradition" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformed tradition">Reformed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Reformed_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Continental Reformed church">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterians" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterians">Presbyterians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregational" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational">Congregational</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglicans">Anglicans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_Anglican_movement" title="Continuing Anglican movement">Continuing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptists" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabaptists">Anabaptists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutterites" title="Hutterites">Hutterites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodists" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodists">Methodists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Pietism" title="Radical Pietism">Radical Pietism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakers" title="Shakers">Shakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone-Campbell" class="mw-redirect" title="Stone-Campbell">Stone-Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventist" class="mw-redirect" title="Adventist">Adventist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Irvings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Life_movement" title="Higher Life movement">Keswickians</a></li> <li><a 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Eastern_Christianity" title="Category:Eastern Christianity">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christianity</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem_Holy-Sepulchre_Jesus-Detail-01.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Christ Pantocrator (Deesis mosaic detail)"><img alt="Christ Pantocrator (Deesis mosaic detail)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Jerusalem_Holy-Sepulchre_Jesus-Detail-01.png/120px-Jerusalem_Holy-Sepulchre_Jesus-Detail-01.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Jerusalem_Holy-Sepulchre_Jesus-Detail-01.png/180px-Jerusalem_Holy-Sepulchre_Jesus-Detail-01.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Jerusalem_Holy-Sepulchre_Jesus-Detail-01.png/240px-Jerusalem_Holy-Sepulchre_Jesus-Detail-01.png 2x" data-file-width="1432" data-file-height="1416" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Mainstream communions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.15em 0.75em 0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodoxy</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church" title="Coptic Orthodox Church">Coptic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo" title="Orthodox Tewahedo">Orthodox Tewahedo</a> - <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Ethiopian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Eritrean</a> -, <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_See_of_Cilicia" title="Holy See of Cilicia">Cilicia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malankara_Orthodox_Syrian_Church" title="Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church">Indian</a>) </small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Church_of_the_East" title="Ancient Church of the East">Ancient</a>)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Independent communions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.15em 0.75em 0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Old Believers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Christianity" title="Spiritual Christianity">Spiritual Russian</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eastern Protestantism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.15em 0.75em 0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Evangelical_Church" title="Armenian Evangelical Church">Armenian Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Evangelical_Church" title="Assyrian Evangelical Church">Assyrian Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church" title="Assyrian Pentecostal Church">Assyrian Pentecostal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Believers_Eastern_Church" title="Believers Eastern Church">Believers Eastern Church of India</a></li> <li>Eastern Rite Community in Germany and the Czech Republic</li> <li>Evangelical Baptist Church of Georgia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)" title="Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)">Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Romania" title="Evangelical Church of Romania">Evangelical Church of Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Slovenia" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Orthodox_Church" title="Evangelical Orthodox Church">Evangelical Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Protestant_Evangelical_Church" title="Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church">Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" title="Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%27ent%27ay" title="P'ent'ay">P'ent'ay - Ethiopian and Eritrean Evangelical Churches</a></li> <li>Russian Evangelical Church</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite#Society_for_Eastern_Rite_Anglicanism" title="Byzantine Rite">Society for Eastern Rite Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India" title="St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India">St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India</a></li> <li>St. Valentine's Fellowship</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Lutheran_Church" title="Ukrainian Lutheran Church">Ukrainian Lutheran Church</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Eastern liturgical rites</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.15em 0.75em 0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_liturgical_rites" title="Alexandrian liturgical rites">Alexandrian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Rite" title="Coptic Rite">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ge%27ez_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Ge'ez Rite">Ge'ez</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiochene_Rite" title="Antiochene Rite">Antiochene</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Syriac_Rite" title="East Syriac Rite">East Syriac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malabar_rites" title="Malabar rites">Malabar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Major controversies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.15em 0.75em 0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Arianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monophysitism" title="Monophysitism">Monophysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miaphysitism" title="Miaphysitism">Miaphysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyophysitism" title="Dyophysitism">Dyophysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotikon" title="Henotikon">Henotikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesaropapism" title="Caesaropapism">Caesaropapism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-Chapter_Controversy" title="Three-Chapter Controversy">Three Chapters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoenergism" title="Monoenergism">Monoenergism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monothelitism" title="Monothelitism">Monothelitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyoenergism" title="Dyoenergism">Dyoenergism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyothelitism" title="Dyothelitism">Dyothelitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm" title="Byzantine Iconoclasm">Iconoclasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filioque" title="Filioque">Filioque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulicianism" title="Paulicianism">Paulicianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogomilism" title="Bogomilism">Bogomilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesychasm" title="Hesychasm">Hesychasm</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eastern Protestantism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Traditions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.15em 0.75em 0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkite" title="Melkite">Melkite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Orthodoxy">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Christianity" title="Syriac Christianity">Syriac</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Groups</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.15em 0.75em 0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiochian_Greek_Christians" title="Antiochian Greek Christians">Antiochian Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Christians" title="Arab Christians">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts" title="Copts">Copts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maronites" title="Maronites">Maronites</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Other topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.15em 0.75em 0.25em;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_mysticism" title="Christian mysticism">Christian mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Eastern_Christianity" title="History of Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christian history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christian_monasticism" title="Eastern Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Eastern_Christianity-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Eastern Christianity-related articles">Index of related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Christianity" title="Western Christianity">Western Christianity</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0.1em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eastern_Christianity_sidebar" title="Template:Eastern Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eastern_Christianity_sidebar" title="Template talk:Eastern Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern_Christianity_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern Christianity sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The term <b>Eastern Protestant Christianity</b> (also called as <b>Eastern Reformed Christianity</b> as well as <b>Oriental Protestant Christianity</b>) encompasses a range of heterogeneous <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Christian denominations</a> that developed outside of the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western world</a>, from the latter half of the nineteenth century, and retain certain elements of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christianity</a>. Some of these denominations came into existence when active Protestant churches adopted <a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">reformational</a> variants of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Church">Oriental Orthodox</a> liturgy and worship, while others originated from Orthodox groups who were inspired by the teachings of Western Protestant missionaries and adopted Protestant beliefs and practices.<sup id="cite_ref-Rodriguez1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rodriguez1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OrthodoxRenewalEuropeOverview_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OrthodoxRenewalEuropeOverview-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EasternProtestantArmeniaIndia_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EasternProtestantArmeniaIndia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Werff1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Werff1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some Eastern Protestant Churches are in <a href="/wiki/Communion_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communion (religion)">communion</a> with similar Western Protestant churches.<sup id="cite_ref-Rodriguez1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rodriguez1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-marthoma.in_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marthoma.in-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is no <a href="/wiki/Full_communion" title="Full communion">universal communion</a> between the various Eastern Protestant churches. This is due to the diverse polities, practices, liturgies, and orientations of the denominations which fall under this category, as can be seen in Western Protestantism. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_branches">Major branches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Major branches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malankara_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church">Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mar_Thoma_Bishop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Mar_Thoma_Bishop.jpg/220px-Mar_Thoma_Bishop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Mar_Thoma_Bishop.jpg/330px-Mar_Thoma_Bishop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Mar_Thoma_Bishop.jpg/440px-Mar_Thoma_Bishop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Bishop of the <a href="/wiki/Malankara_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a> in liturgical vestments</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Malankara_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a></div> <p>The Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church has its origins in a reformation movement within the <a href="/wiki/Malankara_Church" title="Malankara Church">Malankara Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>, in the latter half of the 19th century. India was part of the British Empire at the time, while the Malankara Church is an <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox</a> church, in communion with the <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_of_Antioch" title="Patriarch of Antioch">Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch</a>. Concurrently, <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> missionaries from England arrived in South India. They became teachers at the church's seminary and made the Bible available in the <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> language. Inspired by the teachings of the missionaries and imbibing the ideas of the <a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a> from them, a few priests under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Malpan" title="Abraham Malpan">Abraham Malpan</a> initiated a reformation. Abraham Malpan also managed to get his nephew Deacon Mathew, ordained as bishop Mathews Mar Athanasius, by the Patriarch of Antioch. But many opposed the reforms. The groups for and against reforms engaged in court litigations for the church and its properties. These ended in 1889, through a verdict favoring the Patriarchal faction. Subsequently, the reformed faction became an independent church, known as the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church. To date, there are 11 bishops, 1149 priests and over a million laity.<sup id="cite_ref-Fortescue_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fortescue-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Neill250_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neill250-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While retaining many of the Syriac <a href="/wiki/High_church" title="High church">high church</a> practices, the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church is <a href="/wiki/Protestant_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant theology">Reformed</a> in its theology and doctrines.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church employs a reformed variant of the <a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_Saint_James" title="Liturgy of Saint James">Liturgy of Saint James</a>, with many parts in the local vernacular. The <a href="/wiki/Malankara_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a> is in full communion with the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a> and maintains friendly relations with many other churches.<sup id="cite_ref-JamesonP_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JamesonP-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-marthoma.in_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marthoma.in-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lutheran">Lutheran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lutheran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Lutheranism" title="Eastern Lutheranism">Eastern Lutheranism</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Lutheranism" title="Eastern Lutheranism">Eastern Lutheranism</a> refers to <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> churches, such as those of Ukraine and Slovenia, that use a form of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine Rite</a> as their liturgy.<sup id="cite_ref-HämmerliMayer2016_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HämmerliMayer2016-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is unique in that it is based on the Eastern Christian rite used by the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a>, while incorporating theology from the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Service_(Lutheran)" title="Divine Service (Lutheran)">Divine Service</a> contained in the <i><a href="/wiki/Formula_missae" title="Formula missae">Formula Missae</a></i>, the base texts for Lutheran liturgies in the West.<sup id="cite_ref-Bebis1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bebis1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Laestadianism">Laestadianism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Laestadianism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Laestadianism" title="Laestadianism">Laestadianism</a></div> <p>In the far north of the Scandinavian peninsula are the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_people#Laestadius" class="mw-redirect" title="Sámi people">Sámi people</a>, some of whom practice a form of Lutheranism called Apostolic Lutheranism, or <a href="/wiki/Laestadianism" title="Laestadianism">Laestadianism</a> due to the efforts of <a href="/wiki/Lars_Levi_Laestadius" title="Lars Levi Laestadius">Lars Levi Laestadius</a>. However, others are <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_people#Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Sámi people">Orthodox in religion</a>. Some Apostolic Lutherans consider their movement as part of an <a href="/wiki/Laestadianism#"Unbroken_line_of_living_Christianity"" title="Laestadianism">unbroken line down from the Apostles</a>. In Russia, Laestadians of Lutheran background cooperate with the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Ingria" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Ingria">Ingrian</a> church, but since Laestadianism is an interdenominational movement, some are Eastern Orthodox. Eastern Orthodox Laestadians are known as <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82" class="extiw" title="ru:Ушковайзет">Ushkovayzet</a> (article is in Russian).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ukrainian_Lutheran_Church">Ukrainian Lutheran Church</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ukrainian Lutheran Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Lutheran_Church" title="Ukrainian Lutheran Church">Ukrainian Lutheran Church</a></div> <p>The Ukrainian Lutheran Church, formerly called the Ukrainian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession, is a <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite_Lutheranism" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Rite Lutheranism">Byzantine Rite Lutheran Church</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HämmerliMayer2016_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HämmerliMayer2016-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bebis1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bebis1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Eastern Christian denomination consists of 25 congregations within Ukraine, serving over 2,500 members and runs Saint Sophia Ukrainian Lutheran Theological Seminary in <a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a> in Western Ukraine. The ULC is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Confessional_Evangelical_Lutheran_Conference" title="Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference">Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference</a> (CELC), a worldwide organization of confessional Lutheran church bodies of the same beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-CELC_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CELC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reformed_and_Presbyterian">Reformed and Presbyterian</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Reformed and Presbyterian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Assyrian_Evangelical_Church">Assyrian Evangelical Church</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Assyrian Evangelical Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Evangelical_Church" title="Assyrian Evangelical Church">Assyrian Evangelical Church</a></div> <p>The Assyrian Evangelical Church is a <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle Eastern</a> Church which attained ecclesiastical independence from the Presbyterian mission in <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, in 1870.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its membership is composed mostly of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Aramaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Aramaic">Eastern Aramaic</a> speaking ethnic <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrians</a> who were originally part of the <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian Church of the East</a> and its offshoots, or the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a>. They, like other Assyrian Christians are sometimes targets of persecution by hostile governments and neighbors.<sup id="cite_ref-christianity.com_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-christianity.com-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Armenian_Evangelical_Church">Armenian Evangelical Church</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Armenian Evangelical Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Evangelical_Church" title="Armenian Evangelical Church">Armenian Evangelical Church</a></div> <p>The Armenian Evangelical Church is the product of a reform campaign from within the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Apostolic_Church" title="Armenian Apostolic Church">Armenian Apostolic Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boynerian_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boynerian-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MeltonBaumann_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MeltonBaumann-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reformers were influenced by the missionaries of the <a href="/wiki/American_Board_of_Commissioners_for_Foreign_Missions" title="American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions">American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions</a>, who arrived in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> in the early nineteenth century, and published translated bibles for the <a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Turkey" title="Armenians in Turkey">Turkish-speaking Armenians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The reformers were led by Krikor Peshdimaljian, one of the leading intellectuals of the time.<sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peshdimaljian was the head of a training school for the Armenian Apostolic clergy.<sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school was under the auspices of the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople">Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of this school, emerged a society called the Pietisical Union, whose members focused more directly on the Bible and organized Bible study meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They began to raise questions about what they saw as conflicts between biblical truths and the traditional practices of the Armenian Apostolic Church.<sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Union also advocated <a href="/wiki/Piety#As_a_virtue" title="Piety">Pietism</a>, which they believed their church was devoid of.<sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Winter_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winter-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The leadership of the Armenian Apostolic Church under Patriarch Matteos Chouhajian was against any reform, and excommunicated the reformists from the church.<sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Winter_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winter-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This separation led to the formation of the Armenian Evangelical Church, on July 1, 1846, at <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boynerian_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boynerian-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport2_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1850, the new church received the official recognition of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_late_Ottoman_Empire" title="Government of the late Ottoman Empire">Ottoman government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Winter_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winter-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport2_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, however, Armenians were forced out of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Turkey">Ottoman Turkey</a>, due to the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MeltonBaumann_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MeltonBaumann-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport2_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport2-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Armenian Evangelical congregations in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a> are currently organized as the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Armenian_Evangelical_Churches_in_the_Near_East" title="Union of the Armenian Evangelical Churches in the Near East">Union of the Armenian Evangelical Churches in the Near East</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MeltonBaumann_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MeltonBaumann-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RahebLamport-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Evangelical">Evangelical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Evangelical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India">St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India" title="St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India">St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India</a></div> <p>The St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India (STECI) is an <a href="/wiki/Evangelism" title="Evangelism">Evangelical</a>, <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">Episcopal</a> denomination based in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. It derives from a <a href="/wiki/Schism_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Schism (religion)">schism</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Malankara_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a> in 1961. STECI holds that the Bible is the inspired, inerrant and infallible Word of God. Adherents believe that all that is necessary for salvation and living in righteousness is given in the Bible. The church is engaged in active evangelism. The headquarters of this church is at <a href="/wiki/Tiruvalla" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruvalla">Tiruvalla</a>, a town in the state of <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church">Assyrian Pentecostal Church</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Assyrian Pentecostal Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church" title="Assyrian Pentecostal Church">Assyrian Pentecostal Church</a></div> <p>The Assyrian Pentecostal Church is a Pentecostal Christian denomination which originated in the 1940s among the <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrian people</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and spread among ethnic Assyrians in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are native speakers of the <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Neo-Aramaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian Neo-Aramaic">Assyrian Neo-Aramaic</a> language, and also use it as their <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical language">liturgical language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They use the Syriac Aramaic Bible.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the members of this denomination were originally part of the <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian Church of the East</a> and its offshoots, or the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-christianity.com_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-christianity.com-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Assyrian Pentecostal Church is affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Assemblies_of_God" title="Assemblies of God">Assemblies of God</a> Church.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There have been reported instances of persecution against them as well.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Believers_Eastern_Church">Believers Eastern Church</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Believers Eastern Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Believers_Eastern_Church" title="Believers Eastern Church">Believers Eastern Church</a></div> <p>The Believers Eastern Church (formerly <i>Believers Church</i>) is a Christian denomination with roots in <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a>, based in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. It exists as a part of the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_for_Asia" title="Gospel for Asia">Gospel for Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, this church acquired <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">episcopacy</a>, by getting Indian Anglican bishops to ordain its founder <a href="/wiki/K._P._Yohannan" title="K. P. Yohannan">K. P. Yohannan</a> as a bishop. Henceforth this denomination adopted several elements of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christian</a> worship and practices like the use of holy oils for anointing, while keeping the principle of <i><a href="/wiki/Sola_scriptura" title="Sola scriptura">sola scriptura</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its name was officially changed to <a href="/wiki/Believers_Eastern_Church" title="Believers Eastern Church">Believers Eastern Church</a> in 2017, so as to "better express its roots in the ancient and orthodox faith".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Evangelical_Church_of_Romania">Evangelical Church of Romania</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Evangelical Church of Romania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Romania" title="Evangelical Church of Romania">Evangelical Church of Romania</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Romania" title="Evangelical Church of Romania">Evangelical Church of Romania</a> (Romanian: Biserica Evanghelică Română) is one of <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>'s eighteen officially recognised religious denominations.<sup id="cite_ref-RomanianReligion2019_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RomanianReligion2019-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church originated between 1920 and 1924, through the work of the young <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Orthodox_Church" title="Romanian Orthodox Church">Romanian Orthodox</a> theologians <a href="/wiki/Dumitru_Cornilescu" title="Dumitru Cornilescu">Dumitru Cornilescu</a> and Tudor Popescu.<sup id="cite_ref-AlanScarfe1975_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlanScarfe1975-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deacon Cornilescu was motivated to translate the Bible into modern Romanian, by Princess Calimachi of <a href="/wiki/Moldavia" title="Moldavia">Moldavia</a>. While translating the <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Romans" title="Epistle to the Romans">Epistle to the Romans</a>, Cornilescu became interested in the concept of personal salvation. By the time he completed the translation, he had become staunchly <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AlanScarfe1975_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlanScarfe1975-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Afterwards, Cornilescu served as a deacon under Fr. Tudor Popescu, at the <a href="/wiki/Cuibul_cu_barz%C4%83_Church" title="Cuibul cu barză Church">Cuibul cu barză Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>. After some time, Popescu converted to evangelicalism, due to Cornilescu's influence. Both of them began to preach salvation by personal faith in Christ. Gradually, they gained a significant following, including priests from the Romanian Orthodox Church. Soon other evangelical traits, such as singing and congregational participation, began to manifest in this group.<sup id="cite_ref-AlanScarfe1975_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlanScarfe1975-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They called into question many Orthodox practices, which they perceived to be unbiblical. Tudor Popescu has been called the Romanian Martin Luther, for his attempts to reform the Romanian Orthodox Church.<sup id="cite_ref-Ramet1992_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ramet1992-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to deviations from <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_theology" title="Eastern Orthodox theology">Eastern Orthodox doctrines</a>, the Romanian Orthodox Church defrocked Fr. Tudor Popescu. Dumitru Cornilescu was forced to leave the country. But Popescu and his followers (originally called Tudorists), established their own Church; the Evangelical Church of Romania.<sup id="cite_ref-RolandClark2021_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RolandClark2021-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Evangelical_Orthodox_Church">Evangelical Orthodox Church</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Evangelical Orthodox Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Orthodox_Church" title="Evangelical Orthodox Church">Evangelical Orthodox Church</a></div> <p>The Evangelical Orthodox Church is a Christian denomination which blends <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical Protestantism</a> with features of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodoxy</a>. It started off in 1973 as a network of <a href="/wiki/House_church" title="House church">house churches</a> established by <a href="/wiki/Cru_(Christian_organization)" title="Cru (Christian organization)">Campus Crusade for Christ</a> missionaries in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. The founders <a href="/wiki/Peter_E._Gillquist" title="Peter E. Gillquist">Peter E. Gillquist</a>, Jack Sparks, Jon Braun, and J.R. Ballew wanted to restore Christianity to its primitive form based on the writings of the early <a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a>. So they stood in a circle and self-ordained each other, creating an entity called the New Covenant Apostolic Order (NCAO). Their own interpretations of Church history led to the adoption of a somewhat liturgical form of worship and induced a need for <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_succession" title="Apostolic succession">apostolic succession</a>. In 1977 the first contact with the Eastern Orthodox Church was initiated through Orthodox seminarian Fr. John Bartke. In 1979 the Evangelical Orthodox Church (EOC) was organized. The EOC pursued various avenues to obtain <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_polity" title="Episcopal polity">episcopacy</a>, including a visit to the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople">Patriarch of Constantinople</a>, but to no avail. At last they met Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_IV_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius IV of Antioch">Ignatius IV of Antioch</a>, during his historic visit to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, which proved successful. This meeting was arranged by Fr. John Bartke, who later served as the primary intermediary between the EOC and the Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese, and also hosted the initial set of chrismations and ordinations for the EOC at St. Michael's Church in <a href="/wiki/Van_Nuys,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Van Nuys, California">Van Nuys, California</a>. Unable to completely reconcile Evangelicalism and Orthodoxy, many EOC members formally joined the <a href="/wiki/Antiochian_Orthodox_Christian_Archdiocese_of_North_America" title="Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America">Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America</a> in 1987. Some others joined the <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Church_in_America" title="Orthodox Church in America">Orthodox Church in America</a>. The rest remained independent and continue as the Evangelical Orthodox Church.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="P'ent'ay"><span id="P.27ent.27ay"></span>P'ent'ay</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: P'ent'ay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/P%27ent%27ay" title="P'ent'ay">P'ent'ay</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/P%27ent%27ay" title="P'ent'ay">P'ent'ay</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Amharic" title="Amharic">Amharic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tigrinya_language" title="Tigrinya language">Tigrinya</a> language term for evangelical Christians in <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a>. This movement has been influenced by the mainstream <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Orthodox_Tewahedo_Church" title="Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church">Oriental Orthodox</a> Christianity of these countries as well as <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism_in_Ethiopia" title="Pentecostalism in Ethiopia">Pentecostalism</a>. As Protestantism is relatively new in Ethiopia, most <a href="/wiki/P%27ent%27ay" title="P'ent'ay">P'ent'ay</a> are ex-Orthodox Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of these groups describe their religious practices as culturally Orthodox, but Protestant by doctrine. They boast approximately 16,500,000 members.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The P'ent'ay denominations may constitute as much as 19% of the population of <a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while being a small minority in <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_churches">List of churches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: List of churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Evangelical_Church" title="Armenian Evangelical Church">Armenian Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Evangelical_Church" title="Assyrian Evangelical Church">Assyrian Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church" title="Assyrian Pentecostal Church">Assyrian Pentecostal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Believers_Eastern_Church" title="Believers Eastern Church">Believers Eastern Church of India</a></li> <li>Eastern Rite Community in Germany and the Czech Republic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Baptist_Church_of_Georgia" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Baptist Church of Georgia">Evangelical Baptist Church of Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)" title="Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)">Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Romania" title="Evangelical Church of Romania">Evangelical Church of Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Slovenia" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Orthodox_Church" title="Evangelical Orthodox Church">Evangelical Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Protestant_Evangelical_Church" title="Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church">Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%27ent%27ay" title="P'ent'ay">P'ent'ay - Ethiopian and Eritrean Evangelical Churches</a></li> <li>Russian Evangelical Church<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite#Society_for_Eastern_Rite_Anglicanism" title="Byzantine Rite">Society for Eastern Rite Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India" title="St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India">St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Lutheran_Church" title="Ukrainian Lutheran Church">Ukrainian Lutheran Church</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Lord" title="Army of the Lord">Army of the Lord</a>, an evangelical movement within the Romanian Orthodox Church</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Greece#Zoë_movement" title="Church of Greece">Zoë movement</a>, sometimes regarded as a crypto-Protestant movement in the Greek church</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Christianity" title="Spiritual Christianity">Spiritual Christianity</a>, a term referring to Russian "folk Protestants", a non-Orthodox indigenous religious movement that emerged in the Russian Empire from among the Orthodox, and from the Priestless Old Believers</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rodriguez1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rodriguez1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rodriguez1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFernández_Rodríguez2016" class="citation journal cs1">Fernández Rodríguez, José Manuel (28 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311358039">"Eastern Protestant and Reformed Churches "a historical and ecumenical look"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Theologica Xaveriana</i>. <b>66</b> (182): 345–366. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11144%2Fjaveriana.tx66-182.ioproh">10.11144/javeriana.tx66-182.ioproh</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Theologica+Xaveriana&rft.atitle=Eastern+Protestant+and+Reformed+Churches+%22a+historical+and+ecumenical+look%22&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=182&rft.pages=345-366&rft.date=2016-11-28&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11144%2Fjaveriana.tx66-182.ioproh&rft.aulast=Fern%C3%A1ndez+Rodr%C3%ADguez&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Manuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F311358039&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OrthodoxRenewalEuropeOverview-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OrthodoxRenewalEuropeOverview_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilovanovićRadić2017" class="citation book cs1">Milovanović, Aleksandra Djurić; Radić, Radmila (2017-10-11). "Parts I, II, III". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E9Q5DwAAQBAJ"><i>Orthodox Christian Renewal Movements in Eastern Europe</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-63354-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-63354-1"><bdi>978-3-319-63354-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Parts+I%2C+II%2C+III&rft.btitle=Orthodox+Christian+Renewal+Movements+in+Eastern+Europe&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2017-10-11&rft.isbn=978-3-319-63354-1&rft.aulast=Milovanovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Aleksandra+Djuri%C4%87&rft.au=Radi%C4%87%2C+Radmila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE9Q5DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EasternProtestantArmeniaIndia-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EasternProtestantArmeniaIndia_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeustean2014" class="citation book cs1">Leustean, Lucian N. (2014-05-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zt2vAwAAQBAJ"><i>Eastern Christianity and Politics in the Twenty-First Century</i></a>. Routledge. pp. 8, 10, 484–485, 568, 587–589. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-81866-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-81866-3"><bdi>978-1-317-81866-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Christianity+and+Politics+in+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.pages=8%2C+10%2C+484-485%2C+568%2C+587-589&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-05-30&rft.isbn=978-1-317-81866-3&rft.aulast=Leustean&rft.aufirst=Lucian+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzt2vAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Werff1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Werff1_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWerff1977" class="citation book cs1">Werff, Lyle L. Vander (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NuStj-saoQkC&pg=PA102"><i>Christian Mission to Muslims: The Record : Anglican and Reformed Approaches in India and the Near East, 1800-1938</i></a>. William Carey Library. pp. 101–103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87808-320-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87808-320-6"><bdi>978-0-87808-320-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christian+Mission+to+Muslims%3A+The+Record+%3A+Anglican+and+Reformed+Approaches+in+India+and+the+Near+East%2C+1800-1938&rft.pages=101-103&rft.pub=William+Carey+Library&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-87808-320-6&rft.aulast=Werff&rft.aufirst=Lyle+L.+Vander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNuStj-saoQkC%26pg%3DPA102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marthoma.in-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marthoma.in_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marthoma.in_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://marthoma.in/the-church/heritage/">"Heritage – Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heritage+%E2%80%93+Malankara+Mar+Thoma+Syrian+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmarthoma.in%2Fthe-church%2Fheritage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fortescue-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fortescue_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFortescue1913" class="citation book cs1">Fortescue, Adrian (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TKbuAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA370"><i>The lesser eastern churches</i></a>. London: Catholic Truth Society. pp. 368–371, 374–375. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-177-70798-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-177-70798-5"><bdi>978-1-177-70798-5</bdi></a>. <q>A Malpan (teacher) in the Kottayam college, Abraham, who was a priest (Katanar), took up Protestant ideas warmly. Dr. Richards says of him with just pride that he was "the Wyclif of the Syrian Church in Malabar."…The Reformers calls themselves the "Mar Thomas Christians". They are considerably Protestantized. They have no images, denounce the idea of the Eucharistic sacrifice, pray neither to the saints nor for the dead, and use the vernacular (Malayalam) for their services…If only we knew what the views of the Church of England in matters of faith are, it would be easier to estimate those of the Mar Thomas Christians.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+lesser+eastern+churches&rft.place=London&rft.pages=368-371%2C+374-375&rft.pub=Catholic+Truth+Society&rft.date=1913&rft.isbn=978-1-177-70798-5&rft.aulast=Fortescue&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTKbuAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA370&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neill250-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Neill250_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeill2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Neill" title="Stephen Neill">Neill, Stephen</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Xi-tvrYbYxMC"><i>A History of Christianity in India: 1707-1858</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 236–254. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521893321" title="Special:BookSources/0521893321"><bdi>0521893321</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Christianity+in+India%3A+1707-1858&rft.pages=236-254&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0521893321&rft.aulast=Neill&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXi-tvrYbYxMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurianDay2017" class="citation book cs1">Kurian, George Thomas; Day, Sarah Claudine (14 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AA_eDAAAQBAJ&q=Mar+Thoma+Syrian+Church+Protestant&pg=PT488"><i>The Essential Handbook of Denominations and Ministries</i></a>. Baker Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4934-0640-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4934-0640-1"><bdi>978-1-4934-0640-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Essential+Handbook+of+Denominations+and+Ministries&rft.pub=Baker+Books&rft.date=2017-03-14&rft.isbn=978-1-4934-0640-1&rft.aulast=Kurian&rft.aufirst=George+Thomas&rft.au=Day%2C+Sarah+Claudine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAA_eDAAAQBAJ%26q%3DMar%2BThoma%2BSyrian%2BChurch%2BProtestant%26pg%3DPT488&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JamesonP-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JamesonP_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPallikunnil2017" class="citation book cs1">Pallikunnil, Jameson K. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6hSODgAAQBAJ&q=nature+and+identity+of+mar+thoma+church&pg=PT48"><i>The Eucharistic Liturgy: A Liturgical Foundation for Mission in the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church</i></a>. AuthorHouse. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5246-7652-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5246-7652-0"><bdi>978-1-5246-7652-0</bdi></a>. <q>Metropolitan Juhanon Mar Thoma called it "a Protestant Church in an oriental grab."...As a reformed Oriental Church, it agrees with the reformed doctrines of the Western Churches. Therefore, there is much in common in faith and doctrine between the MTC and the reformed Churches of the West. As the Church now sees it, just as the Anglican Church is a Western Reformed Church, the MTC is an Eastern Reformed Church. At the same time as it continues in the apostolic episcopal tradition and ancient oriental practices, it has much in common with the Oriental Orthodox Churches. Thus, it is regarded as a "bridging Church".</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eucharistic+Liturgy%3A+A+Liturgical+Foundation+for+Mission+in+the+Malankara+Mar+Thoma+Syrian+Church&rft.pub=AuthorHouse&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-5246-7652-0&rft.aulast=Pallikunnil&rft.aufirst=Jameson+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6hSODgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dnature%2Band%2Bidentity%2Bof%2Bmar%2Bthoma%2Bchurch%26pg%3DPT48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeustean2014" class="citation book cs1">Leustean, Lucian N. (30 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zt2vAwAAQBAJ&q=Eastern+Christianity+and+Politics+in+the+Twenty-First+Century+mar+thoma+anglican"><i>Eastern Christianity and Politics in the Twenty-First Century</i></a>. Routledge. p. 568. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-81866-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-81866-3"><bdi>978-1-317-81866-3</bdi></a>. <q>The Syrian Orthodox also became the target of Anglican missionary activity, as a result of which the Mar Thoma Church separated from the Orthodox in 1874, adopting the Anglican confession of faith and a reformed Syrian liturgy conforming to Protestant principles.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Christianity+and+Politics+in+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.pages=568&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-05-30&rft.isbn=978-1-317-81866-3&rft.aulast=Leustean&rft.aufirst=Lucian+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzt2vAwAAQBAJ%26q%3DEastern%2BChristianity%2Band%2BPolitics%2Bin%2Bthe%2BTwenty-First%2BCentury%2Bmar%2Bthoma%2Banglican&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HämmerliMayer2016-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HämmerliMayer2016_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HämmerliMayer2016_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHämmerliMayer2016" class="citation book cs1">Hämmerli, Maria; Mayer, Jean-François (23 May 2016). <i>Orthodox Identities in Western Europe: Migration, Settlement and Innovation</i>. Routledge. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317084914" title="Special:BookSources/9781317084914"><bdi>9781317084914</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Orthodox+Identities+in+Western+Europe%3A+Migration%2C+Settlement+and+Innovation&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016-05-23&rft.isbn=9781317084914&rft.aulast=H%C3%A4mmerli&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.au=Mayer%2C+Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bebis1-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bebis1_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bebis1_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBebis" class="citation web cs1">Bebis, Fr. Vassilios. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.omhksea.org/archives/4182">"The Divine Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom, used by the Ukrainian Lutheran Church, and its missing elements"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Divine+Liturgy+of+Saint+John+Chrysostom%2C+used+by+the+Ukrainian+Lutheran+Church%2C+and+its+missing+elements&rft.aulast=Bebis&rft.aufirst=Fr.+Vassilios&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.omhksea.org%2Farchives%2F4182&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uralistica.com/profiles/blogs/karelskoe-religioznoe">Karelian religious movement Uskhovayzet</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebber1992" class="citation web cs1">Webber, David Jay (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blc.edu/comm/gargy/gargy1/liturgical_church.html">"Why is the Lutheran Church a Liturgical Church?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bethany_Lutheran_College" title="Bethany Lutheran College">Bethany Lutheran College</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2018</span>. <q>In the Byzantine world, however, this pattern of worship would not be informed by the liturgical history of the Latin church, as with the Reformation-era church orders, but by the liturgical history of the Byzantine church. (This was in fact what occurred with the Ukrainian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession, which published in its 1933 Ukrainian Evangelical Service Book the first ever Lutheran liturgical order derived from the historic Eastern Rite.)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+is+the+Lutheran+Church+a+Liturgical+Church%3F&rft.pub=Bethany+Lutheran+College&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Webber&rft.aufirst=David+Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blc.edu%2Fcomm%2Fgargy%2Fgargy1%2Fliturgical_church.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CELC-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CELC_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://celc.info/index.php/membership/member-churches/">"Member Churches"</a>. Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Member+Churches&rft.pub=Confessional+Evangelical+Lutheran+Conference&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcelc.info%2Findex.php%2Fmembership%2Fmember-churches%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVander_Werff1977" class="citation book cs1">Vander Werff, Lyle L. (1977). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/christianmission0000vand"><i>Christian mission to Muslims: the record : Anglican and Reformed approaches in India and the Near East, 1800-1938</i></a></span>. The William Carey Library series on Islamic studies. William Carey Library. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/christianmission0000vand/page/366">366</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87808-320-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87808-320-6"><bdi>978-0-87808-320-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christian+mission+to+Muslims%3A+the+record+%3A+Anglican+and+Reformed+approaches+in+India+and+the+Near+East%2C+1800-1938&rft.series=The+William+Carey+Library+series+on+Islamic+studies&rft.pages=366&rft.pub=William+Carey+Library&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-87808-320-6&rft.aulast=Vander+Werff&rft.aufirst=Lyle+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchristianmission0000vand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-christianity.com-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-christianity.com_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-christianity.com_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.christianity.com/church/denominations/discover-the-assyrians-10-things-to-know-about-their-history-faith.html">"Who are the Assyrians? 10 Things to Know about their History & Faith"</a>. <i>Christianity.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christianity.com&rft.atitle=Who+are+the+Assyrians%3F+10+Things+to+Know+about+their+History+%26+Faith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianity.com%2Fchurch%2Fdenominations%2Fdiscover-the-assyrians-10-things-to-know-about-their-history-faith.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unpo.org/article/21531">"UNPO: Assyria: Church Raided by Iranian Authorities"</a>. <i>unpo.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unpo.org&rft.atitle=UNPO%3A+Assyria%3A+Church+Raided+by+Iranian+Authorities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funpo.org%2Farticle%2F21531&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boynerian-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boynerian_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boynerian_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoynerian2000" class="citation journal cs1">Boynerian, Avedis (January 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1758-6631.2000.tb00181.x">"The Importance of the Armenian Evangelical Churches for Christian Witness in the Middle East"</a>. <i>International Review of Mission</i>. <b>89</b> (352): 76–86. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1758-6631.2000.tb00181.x">10.1111/j.1758-6631.2000.tb00181.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Review+of+Mission&rft.atitle=The+Importance+of+the+Armenian+Evangelical+Churches+for+Christian+Witness+in+the+Middle+East&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=352&rft.pages=76-86&rft.date=2000-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1758-6631.2000.tb00181.x&rft.aulast=Boynerian&rft.aufirst=Avedis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1758-6631.2000.tb00181.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MeltonBaumann-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MeltonBaumann_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MeltonBaumann_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MeltonBaumann_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeltonBaumann2010" class="citation book cs1">Melton, J. Gordon; Baumann, Martin (21 September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v2yiyLLOj88C&pg=PA2956"><i>Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices, 2nd Edition [6 volumes]</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 2956. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-204-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-204-3"><bdi>978-1-59884-204-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religions+of+the+World%3A+A+Comprehensive+Encyclopedia+of+Beliefs+and+Practices%2C+2nd+Edition+%5B6+volumes%5D&rft.pages=2956&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2010-09-21&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-204-3&rft.aulast=Melton&rft.aufirst=J.+Gordon&rft.au=Baumann%2C+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv2yiyLLOj88C%26pg%3DPA2956&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKatchadourian2012" class="citation book cs1">Katchadourian, Herant (5 September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y5vEy-H4xjEC&pg=PA38"><i>The Way It Turned Out: A Memoir</i></a>. CRC Press. pp. 38–39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-4364-75-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-4364-75-1"><bdi>978-981-4364-75-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Way+It+Turned+Out%3A+A+Memoir&rft.pages=38-39&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2012-09-05&rft.isbn=978-981-4364-75-1&rft.aulast=Katchadourian&rft.aufirst=Herant&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy5vEy-H4xjEC%26pg%3DPA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KurianLamport-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KurianLamport_22-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKurianLamport2015" class="citation book cs1">Kurian, George Thomas; Lamport, Mark A. (7 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e6YoCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA70"><i>Encyclopedia of Christian Education</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8493-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-8493-9"><bdi>978-0-8108-8493-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Christian+Education&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2015-05-07&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-8493-9&rft.aulast=Kurian&rft.aufirst=George+Thomas&rft.au=Lamport%2C+Mark+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De6YoCQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RahebLamport-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport_23-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRahebLamport2020" class="citation book cs1">Raheb, Mitri; Lamport, Mark A. (15 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I1cBEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA284"><i>The Rowman & Littlefield Handbook of Christianity in the Middle East</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 284–285. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-2418-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-2418-5"><bdi>978-1-5381-2418-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Handbook+of+Christianity+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pages=284-285&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2020-12-15&rft.isbn=978-1-5381-2418-5&rft.aulast=Raheb&rft.aufirst=Mitri&rft.au=Lamport%2C+Mark+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI1cBEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA284&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Winter-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Winter_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winter_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Winter_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinter2004" class="citation book cs1">Winter, Jay (8 January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pnLSRXAXTfcC&pg=PA188"><i>America and the Armenian Genocide of 1915</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 187–188. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-45018-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-45018-8"><bdi>978-1-139-45018-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=America+and+the+Armenian+Genocide+of+1915&rft.pages=187-188&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2004-01-08&rft.isbn=978-1-139-45018-8&rft.aulast=Winter&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpnLSRXAXTfcC%26pg%3DPA188&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RahebLamport2-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport2_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport2_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RahebLamport2_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRahebLamport2022" class="citation book cs1">Raheb, Mitri; Lamport, Mark A. (24 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AmhxEAAAQBAJ"><i>Surviving Jewel: The Enduring Story of Christianity in the Middle East</i></a>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 113–114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-7252-6319-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-7252-6319-2"><bdi>978-1-7252-6319-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surviving+Jewel%3A+The+Enduring+Story+of+Christianity+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pages=113-114&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2022-05-24&rft.isbn=978-1-7252-6319-2&rft.aulast=Raheb&rft.aufirst=Mitri&rft.au=Lamport%2C+Mark+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAmhxEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190720140346/http://steci.org/church-history/">"Church History"</a>. <i>St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India (steci) is an episcopal Church</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://steci.org/church-history/">the original</a> on 2019-07-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=St.+Thomas+Evangelical+Church+of+India+%28steci%29+is+an+episcopal+Church&rft.atitle=Church+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsteci.org%2Fchurch-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CvYIAQAAIAAJ&q=editions:0AFLRE70uxvI3Eq5_IAterSXfyhkzuLEsjRjOskM7pstR6cPPu7U0tDI"><i>Iran Almanac and Book of Facts</i></a> (9 ed.). Echo of Iran. 1970.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Iran+Almanac+and+Book+of+Facts&rft.edition=9&rft.pub=Echo+of+Iran.&rft.date=1970&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCvYIAQAAIAAJ%26q%3Deditions%3A0AFLRE70uxvI3Eq5_IAterSXfyhkzuLEsjRjOskM7pstR6cPPu7U0tDI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Religion and nation : Iranian local and transnational networks in Britain</i>. Berghahn Books. 2004. p. 199. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1571815767" title="Special:BookSources/1571815767"><bdi>1571815767</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+and+nation+%3A+Iranian+local+and+transnational+networks+in+Britain&rft.pages=199&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1571815767&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1">. 14 February 2012 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120214135708/http://item.slide.com/r/1/112/i/f7Qa4Gm_5D8zh6Ty1TAbQZAUbTLofgrx/">https://web.archive.org/web/20120214135708/http://item.slide.com/r/1/112/i/f7Qa4Gm_5D8zh6Ty1TAbQZAUbTLofgrx/</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://item.slide.com/r/1/112/i/f7Qa4Gm_5D8zh6Ty1TAbQZAUbTLofgrx/">the original</a> on 14 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.date=2012-02-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fitem.slide.com%2Fr%2F1%2F112%2Fi%2Ff7Qa4Gm_5D8zh6Ty1TAbQZAUbTLofgrx%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150531164931/http://www.aramaicbible.org/assyrian.htm">"Aramaic Bible Translation"</a>. 31 May 2015. 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Yohannan Blesses and Consecrates Holy Oils for Believers Eastern Church"</a>. 18 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=K.P.+Yohannan+Blesses+and+Consecrates+Holy+Oils+for+Believers+Eastern+Church&rft.date=2018-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wthrockmorton.com%2F2018%2F04%2F18%2Fk-p-yohannan-blesses-and-consecrates-holy-oils-for-believers-eastern-church%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bec.org/history/">"Believers Eastern Church"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Believers+Eastern+Church&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bec.org%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RomanianReligion2019-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RomanianReligion2019_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221031194527/http://culte.gov.ro/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/BookEN2.pdf">"State and Religion in Romania"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Duke University Press. p. 187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-1241-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-1241-3"><bdi>978-0-8223-1241-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Protestantism+and+Politics+in+Eastern+Europe+and+Russia%3A+The+Communist+and+Postcommunist+Eras&rft.pages=187&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-8223-1241-3&rft.aulast=Ramet&rft.aufirst=Sabrina+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO4GGgAmzl3gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilovanovićRadić2017" class="citation book cs1">Milovanović, Aleksandra Djurić; Radić, Radmila (2017-10-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E9Q5DwAAQBAJ"><i>Orthodox Christian Renewal Movements in Eastern Europe</i></a>. 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Oliver Herbel, Turning to Tradition: Converts and the Making of an American Orthodox Church (Oxford University Press, 2014), 104-117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190906080815/https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/ethiopian-culture/religion-50997f95-a2c6-4cbe-95f5-9912223203dd">"Ethiopian Culture - Religion"</a>. <i>Cultural Atlas</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/ethiopian-culture/religion-50997f95-a2c6-4cbe-95f5-9912223203dd">the original</a> on 2019-09-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-09-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cultural+Atlas&rft.atitle=Ethiopian+Culture+-+Religion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fculturalatlas.sbs.com.au%2Fethiopian-culture%2Freligion-50997f95-a2c6-4cbe-95f5-9912223203dd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEshete2009" class="citation book cs1">Eshete, Tibebe (2009). <i>The evangelical movement in Ethiopia : resistance and resilience</i>. Baylor University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781602580022" title="Special:BookSources/9781602580022"><bdi>9781602580022</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+evangelical+movement+in+Ethiopia+%3A+resistance+and+resilience&rft.pub=Baylor+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781602580022&rft.aulast=Eshete&rft.aufirst=Tibebe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284028234">"Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity in Ethiopia: A Historical Introduction to a Largely Unexplored Movement"</a>. <i>ResearchGate</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ResearchGate&rft.atitle=Pentecostal+and+Charismatic+Christianity+in+Ethiopia%3A+A+Historical+Introduction+to+a+Largely+Unexplored+Movement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F284028234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker2012" class="citation web cs1">Baker, Stephanie (18 October 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190906080817/https://www.ethiogrio.com/articles/3181-religion-in-ethiopia.html">"Religion In Ethiopia"</a>. <i>ethiogrio.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethiogrio.com/articles/3181-religion-in-ethiopia.html">the original</a> on 6 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ethiogrio.com&rft.atitle=Religion+In+Ethiopia&rft.date=2012-10-18&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ethiogrio.com%2Farticles%2F3181-religion-in-ethiopia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/92000/afr640032004en.pdf">"ERITREA"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ERITREA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fdownload%2FDocuments%2F92000%2Fafr640032004en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexy_II2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Alexy_II_of_Moscow" title="Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow">Alexy II</a>, ed. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravenc.ru/text/186873.html">"Евангельские христиане"</a> [Evangelical christians]. <i><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Encyclopedia" title="Orthodox Encyclopedia">Православная энциклопедия</a></i> [<i>Orthodox Encyclopedia</i>] (in Russian). Vol. 17. Москва: Церковно-научный центр "Православная энциклопедия". pp. 40–44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-89572-030-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-89572-030-1"><bdi>978-5-89572-030-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.place=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.pages=40-44&rft.pub=%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80+%22%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%22&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-5-89572-030-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pravenc.ru%2Ftext%2F186873.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Protestant+Christianity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern<br />Orthodoxy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Romania" title="Evangelical Church of Romania">Evangelical Church of Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_the_Augsburg_Confession_in_Slovenia" title="Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia">Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Orthodox_Church" title="Evangelical Orthodox Church">Evangelical Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Protestant_Evangelical_Church" title="Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church">Kosovo Protestant Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Lutheran_Church" title="Ukrainian Lutheran Church">Ukrainian Lutheran Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental<br />Orthodoxy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Evangelical_Church" title="Armenian Evangelical Church">Armenian Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Believers_Eastern_Church" title="Believers Eastern Church">Believers Eastern Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_of_Egypt_(Synod_of_the_Nile)" title="Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)">Evangelical Church of Egypt (Synod of the Nile)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_Thoma_Syrian_Church" title="Mar Thoma Syrian Church">Mar Thoma Syrian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%27ent%27ay" title="P'ent'ay">P'ent'ay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Evangelical_Church_of_India" title="St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India">St. Thomas Evangelical Church of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Nestorian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Evangelical_Church" title="Assyrian Evangelical Church">Assyrian Evangelical Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Pentecostal_Church" title="Assyrian Pentecostal Church">Assyrian Pentecostal Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Eastern_Christianity" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eastern_Christianity_footer" title="Template:Eastern Christianity footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eastern_Christianity_footer" title="Template talk:Eastern Christianity footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern_Christianity_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eastern Christianity footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eastern_Christianity" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Christianity" title="Eastern Christianity">Eastern Christianity</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Cultural_area" title="Cultural area">Cultural area</a> of <a href="/wiki/Christian_tradition" title="Christian tradition">Christian traditions</a> that developed since <a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Christianity</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Asia Minor</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a>, and parts of the <a href="/wiki/Far_East" title="Far East">Far East</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Main <br />divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Koinonia" title="Koinonia">Communions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian Church of the East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Church_of_the_East" title="Ancient Church of the East">Ancient Church of the East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent Churches/Communions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Believers" title="Old Believers">Old Believers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Christianity" title="Spiritual Christianity">Spiritual Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Orthodox_church" title="True Orthodox church">True Orthodox churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolstoyan_movement" title="Tolstoyan movement">Tolstoyans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eastern Protestantism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2240_x_3109_pixels_2.5_MB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christ Pantocrator (Deesis mosaic detail)"><img alt="Christ Pantocrator (Deesis mosaic detail)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2240_x_3109_pixels_2.5_MB.jpg/150px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2240_x_3109_pixels_2.5_MB.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2240_x_3109_pixels_2.5_MB.jpg/225px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2240_x_3109_pixels_2.5_MB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2240_x_3109_pixels_2.5_MB.jpg/300px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2240_x_3109_pixels_2.5_MB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2240" data-file-height="3109" /></a></span><br /><i>Christ Pantocrator</i> (circa 1261) in <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sophia" title="Hagia Sophia">Hagia Sophia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Eastern_Christianity" title="History of Eastern Christianity">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Armenia" title="Christianization of Armenia">Christianization of Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Iberia" title="Christianization of Iberia">Christianization of Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>/<a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts" title="Copts">Copts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-orthodox_Christianity" title="Proto-orthodox Christianity">Proto-orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_council" title="Ecumenical council">Ecumenical council</a></li> <li>Heresies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm" title="Byzantine Iconoclasm">Iconoclasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulicianism" title="Paulicianism">Paulicianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogomilism" title="Bogomilism">Bogomilism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East" title="Church of the East">Church of the East</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East_in_China" title="Church of the East in China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_East_in_Sichuan" title="Church of the East in Sichuan">Sichuan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_(East_Syriac_ecclesiastical_province)" title="India (East Syriac ecclesiastical province)">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_among_the_Mongols" title="Christianity among the Mongols">Mongols</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Oriental_Orthodoxy" title="History of Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodox Churches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Council of Chalcedon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christians" title="Saint Thomas Christians">Saint Thomas Christians</a>/<a href="/wiki/Malankara_Church" title="Malankara Church">Malankara Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Christians" title="Arab Christians">Arab Christians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiochian_Greek_Christians" title="Antiochian Greek Christians">Antiochian Greek Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkite" title="Melkite">Melkite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghassanids" title="Ghassanids">Ghassanids</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Bulgaria" title="Christianization of Bulgaria">Christianization of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianization_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Christianization of Kievan Rus'">Christianization of Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_Christians" title="Turkic Christians">Turkic Christians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="History of the Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">East–West Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schism_of_the_Russian_Church" title="Schism of the Russian Church">Raskol</a></li> <li>Moscow–Constantinople schisms <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15th%E2%80%9316th_century_Moscow%E2%80%93Constantinople_schism" title="15th–16th century Moscow–Constantinople schism">15th–16th centuries schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Moscow%E2%80%93Constantinople_schism" title="1996 Moscow–Constantinople schism">1996 schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Moscow%E2%80%93Constantinople_schism" title="2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism">2018 schism</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scriptures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuterocanonical_books" title="Deuterocanonical books">Deuterocanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">Peshitta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hesychasm" title="Hesychasm">Hesychasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">Icon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apophatic_theology" title="Apophatic theology">Apophaticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filioque" title="Filioque">Filioque clause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miaphysitism" title="Miaphysitism">Miaphysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyophysitism" title="Dyophysitism">Dyophysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosis_(Eastern_Christian_theology)" title="Theosis (Eastern Christian theology)">Theosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_contemplation#Eastern_Orthodox_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian contemplation">Theoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phronema" title="Phronema">Phronema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philokalia" title="Philokalia">Philokalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praxis_(Byzantine_Rite)" title="Praxis (Byzantine Rite)">Praxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Theotokos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypostasis_(philosophy_and_religion)" title="Hypostasis (philosophy and religion)">Hypostasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ousia#Early_Christianity" title="Ousia">Ousia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essence%E2%80%93energies_distinction" title="Essence–energies distinction">Essence–energies distinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metousiosis" title="Metousiosis">Metousiosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Worship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">Sign of the cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iconography" title="Iconography">Iconography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asceticism" title="Asceticism">Asceticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omophorion" title="Omophorion">Omophorion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&oldid=1258403937">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Protestant_Christianity&oldid=1258403937</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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