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id="toc-Life_and_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Child_and_student" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Child_and_student"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Child and student</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Child_and_student-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Journalist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Journalist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Journalist</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Journalist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translator_and_essayist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translator_and_essayist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Translator and essayist</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translator_and_essayist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_pressures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_pressures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Financial pressures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_pressures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Medical issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medical_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collected_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collected_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Collected works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collected_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Major publications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas De Quincey</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 42 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="توماس دي كوينسي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توماس دي كوينسي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomas_De_Kvensi" title="Tomas De Kvensi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tomas De Kvensi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Томас де Куинси – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Томас де Куинси" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B9" title="Τόμας ντε Κουίνσι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τόμας ντε Κουίνσι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="تامس د کوئینسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تامس د کوئینسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%EB%93%9C_%ED%80%B8%EC%8B%9C" title="토머스 드 퀸시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="토머스 드 퀸시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BD_%D5%A4%D5%A5_%D5%94%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB" title="Թոմաս դե Քվինսի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թոմաս դե Քվինսի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80" title="थॉमस डी क्विंसी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="थॉमस डी क्विंसी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF" title="ಥಾಮಸ್ ಡಿ ಕ್ವಿನ್ಸಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಥಾಮಸ್ ಡಿ ಕ್ವಿನ್ಸಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF" title="തോമസ് ഡി ക്വിൻസി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തോമസ് ഡി ക്വിൻസി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%AF_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%89" title="توماس د كوينسى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توماس د كوينسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey_(schrijver)" title="Thomas De Quincey (schrijver) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Thomas De Quincey (schrijver)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC" title="トマス・ド・クインシー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トマス・ド・クインシー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8,_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Де Квинси, Томас – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Де Квинси, Томас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Thomas De Quincey" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_de_Quincey" title="Thomas de Quincey – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Thomas de Quincey" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%80_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="தாமசு டீ குவின்சி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தாமசு டீ குவின்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the writer and producer of <a href="/wiki/Technotronic" title="Technotronic">Technotronic</a>, see <a href="/wiki/Jo_Bogaert" title="Jo Bogaert">Jo Bogaert</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Thomas De Quincey</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_de_Quincey_by_Sir_John_Watson-Gordon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thomas de Quincey by Sir John Watson-Gordon"><img alt="Thomas de Quincey by Sir John Watson-Gordon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Thomas_de_Quincey_by_Sir_John_Watson-Gordon.jpg/220px-Thomas_de_Quincey_by_Sir_John_Watson-Gordon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Thomas_de_Quincey_by_Sir_John_Watson-Gordon.jpg/330px-Thomas_de_Quincey_by_Sir_John_Watson-Gordon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Thomas_de_Quincey_by_Sir_John_Watson-Gordon.jpg/440px-Thomas_de_Quincey_by_Sir_John_Watson-Gordon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3028" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;"><i>Thomas de Quincey</i> by Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Watson-Gordon" class="mw-redirect" title="John Watson-Gordon">John Watson-Gordon</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Thomas Penson Quincey<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1785-08-15</span>)</span>15 August 1785<br /><a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>, Lancashire, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">8 December 1859<span style="display:none">(1859-12-08)</span> (aged 74)<br /><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, Scotland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/The_Parish_Church_of_St_Cuthbert" class="mw-redirect" title="The Parish Church of St Cuthbert">St Cuthbert's Churchyard</a>, Edinburgh, Scotland</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><i><a href="/wiki/Confessions_of_an_English_Opium-Eater" title="Confessions of an English Opium-Eater">Confessions of an English Opium-Eater</a></i><br />"<a href="/wiki/On_the_Knocking_at_the_Gate_in_Macbeth" title="On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth">On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth</a>"</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ThomasDeQuinceysignature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ThomasDeQuinceysignature.svg/150px-ThomasDeQuinceysignature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ThomasDeQuinceysignature.svg/225px-ThomasDeQuinceysignature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ThomasDeQuinceysignature.svg/300px-ThomasDeQuinceysignature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="794" data-file-height="275" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Thomas Penson De Quincey</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">né</a></span> Thomas Penson Quincey; 15 August 1785 – 8 December 1859) was an English writer, essayist, and literary critic, best known for his <i><a href="/wiki/Confessions_of_an_English_Opium-Eater" title="Confessions of an English Opium-Eater">Confessions of an English Opium-Eater</a></i> (1821).<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GL_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GL-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many scholars suggest that in publishing this work De Quincey inaugurated the tradition of addiction literature in the West.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_work">Life and work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Child_and_student">Child and student</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Child and student"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thomas Penson Quincey was born at 86 Cross Street, <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>, Lancashire.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was a successful merchant with an interest in literature. Soon after Thomas's birth, the family moved to <i>The Farm</i> and then later to Greenheys, a larger country house in <a href="/wiki/Chorlton-on-Medlock" title="Chorlton-on-Medlock">Chorlton-on-Medlock</a> near Manchester. In 1796, three years after the death of his father, Thomas Quincey, his mother – the erstwhile Elizabeth Penson – took the name <b>De Quincey</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morrison_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morrison-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, his mother moved to <a href="/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> and enrolled him at <a href="/wiki/King_Edward%27s_School,_Bath" title="King Edward's School, Bath">King Edward's School</a>. He was a weak and sickly child. His youth was spent in solitude, and when his elder brother, William, came home, he wrought havoc in the quiet surroundings. De Quincey's mother was a woman of strong character and intelligence but seems to have inspired more awe than affection in her children. She brought them up strictly, taking De Quincey out of school after three years because she was afraid he would become big-headed, and sending him to an inferior school at <a href="/wiki/Wingfield,_Wiltshire" title="Wingfield, Wiltshire">Wingfield, Wiltshire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1–40">: 1–40 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GL_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GL-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 2–43">: 2–43 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bust_of_Thomas_de_Quincey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bust_of_Thomas_de_Quincey.jpg/200px-Bust_of_Thomas_de_Quincey.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bust_of_Thomas_de_Quincey.jpg/300px-Bust_of_Thomas_de_Quincey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bust_of_Thomas_de_Quincey.jpg/400px-Bust_of_Thomas_de_Quincey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="1549" /></a><figcaption>Bust of Thomas De Quincey, by Sir John Steell</figcaption></figure> <p>Around this time, in 1799, De Quincey first read <i><a href="/wiki/Lyrical_Ballads" title="Lyrical Ballads">Lyrical Ballads</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">William Wordsworth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morrison_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morrison-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1800, De Quincey, aged 15, was ready for the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>; his scholarship was far in advance of his years. "That boy could harangue an Athenian mob better than you or I could address an English one," his master at Bath said.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was sent to <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Grammar_School" title="Manchester Grammar School">Manchester Grammar School</a>, in order that after three years' stay he might obtain a scholarship to <a href="/wiki/Brasenose_College,_Oxford" title="Brasenose College, Oxford">Brasenose College, Oxford</a>, but he took flight after 19 months.<sup id="cite_ref-GL_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GL-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 25, 46–62">: 25, 46–62 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:De_Quincey_-_Logic_of_political_economy,_1844_-_5488076.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/De_Quincey_-_Logic_of_political_economy%2C_1844_-_5488076.tif/lossy-page1-220px-De_Quincey_-_Logic_of_political_economy%2C_1844_-_5488076.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/De_Quincey_-_Logic_of_political_economy%2C_1844_-_5488076.tif/lossy-page1-330px-De_Quincey_-_Logic_of_political_economy%2C_1844_-_5488076.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/De_Quincey_-_Logic_of_political_economy%2C_1844_-_5488076.tif/lossy-page1-440px-De_Quincey_-_Logic_of_political_economy%2C_1844_-_5488076.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2070" data-file-height="3382" /></a><figcaption><i>Logic of political economy</i>, 1844</figcaption></figure> <p>His first plan had been to reach Wordsworth, whose <i>Lyrical Ballads</i> (1798) had consoled him in fits of depression and had awakened in him a deep reverence for the poet. But for that De Quincey was too timid, so he made his way to <a href="/wiki/Chester" title="Chester">Chester</a>, where his mother dwelt, in the hope of seeing a sister; he was caught by the older members of the family, but through the efforts of his uncle, Colonel Penson, he received the promise of a <a href="/wiki/Guinea_(coin)" title="Guinea (coin)">guinea</a> (equivalent to £101 in 2023) a week to carry out his later project of a solitary tramp through Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While on his journey around Wales and <a href="/wiki/Snowdon" title="Snowdon">Snowdon</a>, he avoided sleeping in <a href="/wiki/Inn" title="Inn">inns</a> to save what little money he had and instead lodged with cottagers or slept in a tent he had made himself. He sustained himself by eating blackberries and <a href="/wiki/Rose_hip" title="Rose hip">rose hips</a>, only rarely getting enough proper food from the goodwill of strangers.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From July to November 1802, De Quincey lived as a wayfarer. He soon lost his guinea by ceasing to keep his family informed of his whereabouts and had difficulty sustaining himself. Still, apparently fearing pursuit, he borrowed some money and travelled to London, where he tried to borrow more. Having failed, he lived close to starvation rather than return to his family.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 57–87">: 57–87 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fox_Ghyll.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Fox_Ghyll.jpg/220px-Fox_Ghyll.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Fox_Ghyll.jpg/330px-Fox_Ghyll.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Fox_Ghyll.jpg/440px-Fox_Ghyll.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Fox Ghyll, near <a href="/wiki/Rydal,_Cumbria" title="Rydal, Cumbria">Rydal, Cumbria</a>, De Quincey's home from 1820 to 1825</figcaption></figure> <p>Discovered by chance by his friends, De Quincey was brought home and finally allowed to go to <a href="/wiki/Worcester_College,_Oxford" title="Worcester College, Oxford">Worcester College, Oxford</a>, on a reduced income. Here, we are told, "he came to be looked upon as a strange being who associated with no one." In 1804, while at Oxford, he began the occasional use of <a href="/wiki/Opium" title="Opium">opium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Morrison_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morrison-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He completed his studies, but failed to take the oral examination leading to a degree, and he left the university without graduating.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 106–29">: 106–29 </span></sup> He became an acquaintance of Coleridge and Wordsworth, having already sought out <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lamb_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Lamb (writer)">Charles Lamb</a> in London. His acquaintance with Wordsworth led to his settling in 1809 at <a href="/wiki/Grasmere_(village)" title="Grasmere (village)">Grasmere</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Lake_District" title="Lake District">Lake District</a>. He lived for ten years in <a href="/wiki/Dove_Cottage" title="Dove Cottage">Dove Cottage</a>, which Wordsworth had occupied and which is now a popular tourist attraction, and for another five years at <a href="/wiki/Foxghyll_Country_House,_Ambleside" class="mw-redirect" title="Foxghyll Country House, Ambleside">Foxghyll Country House, Ambleside</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Quincey was married in 1816, and soon after, having no money left, he took up literary work in earnest.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 255–308">: 255–308 </span></sup> </p><p>He and his wife Margaret had eight children before her death in 1837. One of their sons, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Frederick_de_Quincey" title="Paul Frederick de Quincey">Paul Frederick de Quincey</a> (1828–1894), emigrated to New Zealand.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Journalist">Journalist</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Journalist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1_Forres_Street,_Edinburgh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/1_Forres_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/200px-1_Forres_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/1_Forres_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/300px-1_Forres_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/1_Forres_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg/400px-1_Forres_Street%2C_Edinburgh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="3088" /></a><figcaption>Thomas Penson de Quincey's home at 1 Forres Street, Edinburgh</figcaption></figure> <p>In July 1818, de Quincey became editor of the <i><a href="/wiki/Westmorland_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="Westmorland Gazette">Westmorland Gazette</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Tories_(British_political_party)" title="Tories (British political party)">Tory</a> newspaper published in <a href="/wiki/Kendal" title="Kendal">Kendal</a>, after its first editor had been dismissed,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but he was unreliable at meeting deadlines, and in June 1819 the proprietors complained about "their dissatisfaction with the lack of 'regular communication between the Editor and the Printer'", and he resigned in November 1819.<sup id="cite_ref-odnb_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-odnb-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His political sympathies tended towards the <a href="/wiki/Political_right" class="mw-redirect" title="Political right">right</a>. He was "a champion of aristocratic privilege" and "reserved <a href="/wiki/Jacobin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobin">Jacobin</a> as his highest term of opprobrium." Moreover, he held <a href="/wiki/Reactionary" title="Reactionary">reactionary</a> views on the <a href="/wiki/Peterloo_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Peterloo massacre">Peterloo massacre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857" title="Indian Rebellion of 1857">Sepoy rebellion</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Emancipation" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Emancipation">Catholic Emancipation</a>, and on the enfranchisement of the common people.<sup id="cite_ref-Purdon_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Purdon-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De Quincey was also a proponent of <a href="/wiki/British_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="British imperialism">British imperialism</a>, believing it to be inherently just regardless of its cost.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite his ideological commitment to personal identity and freedom that derived from his addiction to and struggles with opium,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in spite of his opposition to the notion of slavery,<sup id="cite_ref-Purdon_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Purdon-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Quincey aligned himself against <a href="/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Abolitionism in the United Kingdom">the abolitionist movement in Britain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his articles for <i><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Herald_and_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburgh Herald and Post">The Edinburgh Post</a></i>, on the issue in 1827 and 1828, he accused anti-slavery campaigners of running "schemes of personal aggrandizement", and worried that abolition would undermine the basis of the British Empire and cause uprisings like the <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Revolution" title="Haitian Revolution">Haitian Revolution</a> against colonial rule.<sup id="cite_ref-Picken_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Picken-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Groves_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Groves-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead he proposed that there should be <a href="/wiki/Gradualism#Politics_and_society" title="Gradualism">gradual reformation</a> led by the slave-owners themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-Groves_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Groves-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translator_and_essayist">Translator and essayist</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Translator and essayist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1821, he went to London to dispose of some translations from German authors, but was persuaded first to write and publish an account of his <a href="/wiki/Opium" title="Opium">opium</a> experiences, which that year appeared in the <i><a href="/wiki/London_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="London Magazine">London Magazine</a></i>. His account proved to be a new sensation that eclipsed interest in Lamb's <i><a href="/wiki/Essays_of_Elia" title="Essays of Elia">Essays of Elia</a></i>, which were then appearing in the same periodical. The <i><a href="/wiki/Confessions_of_an_English_Opium-Eater" title="Confessions of an English Opium-Eater">Confessions of an English Opium-Eater</a></i> were soon published in book form.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Quincey then made a number of new literary acquaintances. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hood" title="Thomas Hood">Thomas Hood</a> found the shrinking author "at home in a German ocean of literature, in a storm, flooding all the floor, the tables and the chairs—billows of books..."<sup id="cite_ref-GL_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GL-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 259f">: 259f </span></sup> De Quincey was a famed conversationalist. Richard Woodhouse wrote, "His conversation appeared like the elaboration of a mine of results..."<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 280">: 280 </span></sup> </p><p>From this time on, De Quincey maintained himself by contributing to various magazines. He soon exchanged London and the Lakes for <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the nearby village of <a href="/wiki/Polton" title="Polton">Polton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, and he spent the remainder of his life in Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 309–33">: 309–33 </span></sup> In the 1830s, he was listed as living at 1 Forres Street, a large townhouse on the edge of the Moray Estate in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Blackwood%27s_Edinburgh_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine">Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine</a></i> and its rival <i><a href="/wiki/Tait%27s_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tait's Magazine">Tait's Magazine</a></i> received numerous contributions. <i><a href="/wiki/Suspiria_de_Profundis" title="Suspiria de Profundis">Suspiria de Profundis</a></i> (1845) appeared in Blackwood's, as did <i><a href="/wiki/The_English_Mail-Coach" title="The English Mail-Coach">The English Mail-Coach</a></i> (1849). <i>Joan of Arc</i> (1847) was published in <i>Tait's</i>. Between 1835 and 1849, <i>Tait's</i> published a series of De Quincey's reminiscences of Wordsworth, Coleridge, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Southey" title="Robert Southey">Robert Southey</a> and other figures among the <a href="/wiki/Lake_Poets" title="Lake Poets">Lake Poets</a>, a series that taken together constitutes one of his most important works.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Financial_pressures">Financial pressures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Financial pressures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_DeQuincey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Thomas_DeQuincey.jpg/220px-Thomas_DeQuincey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Thomas_DeQuincey.jpg/330px-Thomas_DeQuincey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Thomas_DeQuincey.jpg/440px-Thomas_DeQuincey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1467" /></a><figcaption>Thomas De Quincey</figcaption></figure> <p>Along with his opium addiction, debt was one of the primary constraints of De Quincey's adult life.<sup id="cite_ref-GL_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GL-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 319–39">: 319–39 </span></sup> De Quincey came into his patrimony at the age of 21, when he received £2,000 (equivalent to £204,870 in 2023) from his late father's estate. He was unwisely generous with his funds, making loans that could not or would not be repaid, including a £300 loan to Coleridge in 1807. After leaving Oxford without a degree, he made an attempt to study law, but desultorily and unsuccessfully; he had no steady income and spent large sums on books (he was a lifelong collector). By the 1820s he was constantly in financial difficulties. More than once in his later years, De Quincey was forced to seek protection from arrest in the debtors' sanctuary of Holyrood in Edinburgh.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 342f">: 342f </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GL_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GL-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 310f">: 310f </span></sup> (At the time, <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Park" title="Holyrood Park">Holyrood Park</a> formed a debtors' sanctuary; people could not be arrested for debt within those bounds.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The debtors who took sanctuary there could emerge only on Sundays, when arrests for debt were not allowed.) Yet De Quincey's money problems persisted; he got into further difficulties for debts he incurred within the sanctuary.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 372">: 372 </span></sup> </p><p>His financial situation improved only later in his life. His mother's death in 1846 brought him an income of £200 per year. When his daughters matured, they managed his budget more responsibly than he ever had himself.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 429f">: 429f </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_issues">Medical issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Medical issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Quincey suffered neuralgic facial pain, "<a href="/wiki/Trigeminal_neuralgia" title="Trigeminal neuralgia">trigeminal neuralgia</a>"  – "attacks of piercing pain in the face, of such severity that they sometimes drive the victim to suicide."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He reports using opium first in 1804 to relieve his neuralgia. Thus, as with many addicts, his opium addiction may have had a "self-medication" aspect for real physical illnesses, as well as a psychological aspect.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grave_of_Thomas_De_Quincey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Grave_of_Thomas_De_Quincey.jpg/280px-Grave_of_Thomas_De_Quincey.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="378" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Grave_of_Thomas_De_Quincey.jpg/420px-Grave_of_Thomas_De_Quincey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Grave_of_Thomas_De_Quincey.jpg/560px-Grave_of_Thomas_De_Quincey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1892" data-file-height="2557" /></a><figcaption>De Quincey's grave in St. Cuthbert's Kirkyard, Edinburgh.</figcaption></figure> <p>By his own testimony, De Quincey first used opium in 1804 to relieve his neuralgia; he used it for pleasure, but no more than weekly, through 1812. It was in 1813 that he first commenced daily usage, in response to illness and his grief over the death of Wordsworth's young daughter Catherine. During 1813–1819 his daily dose was very high, and resulted in the sufferings recounted in the final sections of his <i>Confessions</i>. For the rest of his life, his opium use fluctuated between extremes; he took "enormous doses" in 1843, but late in 1848 he went for 61 days with none at all. There are many theories surrounding the <a href="/wiki/Opium_and_Romanticism" title="Opium and Romanticism">effects of opium on literary creation</a>, and notably, his periods of low use were literarily unproductive.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1842 until 1859 he spent long periods in a cottage near Midfield House south of <a href="/wiki/Lasswade" title="Lasswade">Lasswade</a>, assembling his writings in the peace of the countryside.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He died in his rooms on 42 Lothian Street, in south Edinburgh, and was buried in <a href="/wiki/The_Parish_Church_of_St_Cuthbert" class="mw-redirect" title="The Parish Church of St Cuthbert">St Cuthbert's Church</a> yard at the west end of <a href="/wiki/Princes_Street" title="Princes Street">Princes Street</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His stone, in the southwest section of the churchyard on a west-facing wall, is plain and says nothing of his work. His residence on Lothian Street was demolished in the 1970s to make way for the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburgh University">Edinburgh University</a> student center.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collected_works">Collected works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Collected works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the final decade of his life, De Quincey labored on a collected edition of his works.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 469–82">: 469–82 </span></sup> He believed the task was impossible.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ticknor_and_Fields" title="Ticknor and Fields">Ticknor and Fields</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> publishing house, first proposed such a collection and solicited De Quincey's approval and co-operation. It was only when De Quincey, a chronic procrastinator, failed to answer repeated letters from <a href="/wiki/James_Thomas_Fields" class="mw-redirect" title="James Thomas Fields">James Thomas Fields</a><sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 472">: 472 </span></sup> that the American publisher proceeded independently, reprinting the author's works from their original magazine appearances. Twenty-two volumes of <i>De Quincey's Writings</i> were issued from 1851 to 1859. </p><p>The existence of the American edition prompted a corresponding British edition. Since the spring of 1850, De Quincey had been a regular contributor to an Edinburgh periodical called <i>Hogg's Weekly Instructor</i>, whose publisher, <a href="/wiki/James_Hogg_(publisher)" title="James Hogg (publisher)">James Hogg</a>, undertook to publish <i>Selections Grave and Gay from Writings Published and Unpublished by Thomas De Quincey</i>. De Quincey edited and revised his works for the Hogg edition; the 1856 second edition of the <i>Confessions</i> was prepared for inclusion in <i>Selections Grave and Gay…</i>. The first volume of that edition appeared in May 1853, and the fourteenth and last in January 1860, a month after the author's death. Both of these were multi-volume collections, yet made no pretence to be complete. Scholar and editor David Masson attempted a more definitive collection: <i>The Works of Thomas De Quincey</i> appeared in fourteen volumes in 1889 and 1890. Yet De Quincey's writings were so voluminous and widely dispersed that further collections followed: two volumes of <i>The Uncollected Writings</i> (1890), and two volumes of <i>Posthumous Works</i> (1891–93). De Quincey's 1803 diary was published in 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-HAE_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 525">: 525 </span></sup> Another volume, <i>New Essays by De Quincey</i>, appeared in 1966. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Special:EditPage/Thomas De Quincey">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Thomas+De+Quincey%22">"Thomas De Quincey"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Thomas+De+Quincey%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Thomas+De+Quincey%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Thomas+De+Quincey%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Thomas+De+Quincey%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Thomas+De+Quincey%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>His immediate influence extended to <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Edgar Allan Poe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fitz_Hugh_Ludlow" title="Fitz Hugh Ludlow">Fitz Hugh Ludlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Baudelaire" title="Charles Baudelaire">Charles Baudelaire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Gogol" title="Nikolai Gogol">Nikolai Gogol</a>, but even major 20th-century writers such as <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a> admired and claimed to be partly influenced by his work. <a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a> also loosely based his <i><a href="/wiki/Symphonie_fantastique" title="Symphonie fantastique">Symphonie fantastique</a></i> on <i>Confessions of an English Opium-Eater</i>, drawing on the theme of the internal struggle with one's self. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dario_Argento" title="Dario Argento">Dario Argento</a> used De Quincey's <i>Suspiria</i>, particularly "Levana and Our Ladies of Sorrow", as an inspiration for his "Three Mothers" trilogy of films, which include <i><a href="/wiki/Suspiria" title="Suspiria">Suspiria</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Inferno_(1980_film)" title="Inferno (1980 film)">Inferno</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mother_of_Tears" class="mw-redirect" title="The Mother of Tears">The Mother of Tears</a></i>. This influence carried over into <a href="/wiki/Luca_Guadagnino" title="Luca Guadagnino">Luca Guadagnino</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Suspiria_(2018_film)" title="Suspiria (2018 film)">2018 version of the film</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Hughes" title="Shelby Hughes">Shelby Hughes</a> created <i>Jynxies Natural Habitat</i>, an online archive of stamp art on <a href="/wiki/Glassine" title="Glassine">glassine</a> heroin bags, under the pseudonym "Dequincey Jinxey", in reference to De Quincey. She also used the pseudonym in interviews related to the archive. </p><p>De Quincey's accomplished mastery of Greek was widely known and respected in the 1800s. Treadwell Walden, Episcopal priest and sometime rector of <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Church_of_St._Paul_(Boston)" title="Cathedral Church of St. Paul (Boston)">St. Paul's Church, Boston</a>, quotes a letter from De Quincey's <i>Autobiographic Sketches</i> in support of his 1881 treatise about the mistranslation of the word <a href="/wiki/Metanoia_(theology)" title="Metanoia (theology)">metanoia</a> into "repent" by most English translations of the Bible.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_publications">Major publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Major publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey_bibliography" title="Thomas De Quincey bibliography">Thomas De Quincey bibliography</a></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Confessions_of_an_English_Opium-Eater" title="Confessions of an English Opium-Eater">Confessions of an English Opium-Eater</a></i> (1821)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Knocking_at_the_Gate_in_Macbeth" title="On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth">On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth</a></i> (1823)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/walladmor01dequ"><i>Walladmor</i></a> (1825)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_Murder_Considered_as_One_of_the_Fine_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="On Murder Considered as One of the Fine Arts">On Murder Considered as One of the Fine Arts</a></i> (1827)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/klosterheimorma00mackgoog"><i>Klosterheim, or the Masque</i></a> (1832)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Recollections_of_the_Lake_Poets" title="Recollections of the Lake Poets">Lake Reminiscences</a></i> (1834–40)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/revoltoftartars00dequiala"><i>Revolt of the Tartars</i></a> (1837)</li> <li><a href="//archive.org/details/cu31924013470616" class="extiw" title="iarchive:cu31924013470616"><i>The Logic of Political Economy</i></a> (1844)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suspiria_de_Profundis" title="Suspiria de Profundis">Suspiria de Profundis</a></i> (1845)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_English_Mail-Coach" title="The English Mail-Coach">The English Mail-Coach</a></i> (1849)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Autobiographic_Sketches" title="Autobiographic Sketches">Autobiographic Sketches</a></i> (1853)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">De Quincey. Dictionary.com. <i>Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 10th Edition</i>. HarperCollins Publishers. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/de_quincey">http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/de_quincey</a> (accessed: 29 June 2013).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HAE-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAE_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eaton, Horace Ainsworth, <i>Thomas De Quincey: A Biography</i>, New York, Oxford University Press, 1936; reprinted New York, Octagon Books, 1972;</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GL-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GL_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GL_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GL_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GL_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GL_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GL_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lindop, Grevel. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/trent_0116300062829/page/n6/mode/1up">The Opium-Eater: A Life of Thomas De Quincey</a></i>. J. M. Dent & Sons, 1981.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.oup.com/2013/02/de-quinceys-confessions-english-opium-eater/">Morrison, Robert. "De Quincey's Wicked Book"</a>, OUP Blog. <i>Oxford University Press</i>, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The later building on the site (adjoining John Dalton Street) bears a stone inscription referring to de Quincey.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morrison-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Morrison_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morrison_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morrison_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Morrison, Robert. "Thomas De Quincey: Chronology" TDQ Homepage. Kingston: Queen's University, 2013. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224110231/http://www.queensu.ca/english/tdq/chron.html">"Thomas de Quincey--Chronology"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.queensu.ca/english/tdq/chron.html">the original</a> on 24 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thomas+de+Quincey--Chronology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.queensu.ca%2Fenglish%2Ftdq%2Fchron.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morrison, Robert. "Thomas De Quincey: Biography" TDQ Homepage. Kingston: Queen's University, 2013.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070503185933/http://www.queensu.ca/english/tdq/bio.html">"Thomas de Quincey--Biography"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.queensu.ca/english/tdq/bio.html">the original</a> on 3 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thomas+de+Quincey--Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.queensu.ca%2Fenglish%2Ftdq%2Fbio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBeaumont2015" class="citation book cs1">Beaumont, Matthew (1 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hWznDwAAQBAJ"><i>Nightwalking: A Nocturnal History of London</i></a>. Verso Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78168-797-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78168-797-0"><bdi>978-1-78168-797-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nightwalking%3A+A+Nocturnal+History+of+London&rft.pub=Verso+Books&rft.date=2015-03-01&rft.isbn=978-1-78168-797-0&rft.aulast=Beaumont&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhWznDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lakedistrict.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/559796/2015_05_20-Nomination-for-The-English-Lake-District-Cultural-Landscape.pdf">"Nomination for the English Lake District Cultural Landscape: An Evolving Masterpiece"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (PDF). Lake District National Park Partnership. 20 May 2015. p. 39<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nomination+for+the+English+Lake+District+Cultural+Landscape%3A+An+Evolving+Masterpiece&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Lake+District+National+Park+Partnership&rft.date=2015-05-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lakedistrict.gov.uk%2F__data%2Fassets%2Fpdf_file%2F0005%2F559796%2F2015_05_20-Nomination-for-The-English-Lake-District-Cultural-Landscape.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH18940416.2.21">"Death of Colonel de Quincey"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Zealand_Herald" title="The New Zealand Herald">The New Zealand Herald</a></i>. Vol. XXXI, no. 9486. 16 April 1894. p. 5<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Zealand+Herald&rft.atitle=Death+of+Colonel+de+Quincey&rft.volume=XXXI&rft.issue=9486&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1894-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpaperspast.natlib.govt.nz%2Fcgi-bin%2Fpaperspast%3Fa%3Dd%26cl%3Dsearch%26d%3DNZH18940416.2.21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLiukkonen" class="citation web cs1">Liukkonen, Petri. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141010193718/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/quincey.htm">"Thomas De Quincey"</a>. <i>Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi)</i>. Finland: <a href="/wiki/Kuusankoski" title="Kuusankoski">Kuusankoski</a> Public Library. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/quincey.htm">the original</a> on 10 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Books+and+Writers+%28kirjasto.sci.fi%29&rft.atitle=Thomas+De+Quincey&rft.aulast=Liukkonen&rft.aufirst=Petri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirjasto.sci.fi%2Fquincey.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-odnb-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-odnb_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLindop2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Lindop, Grevel (September 2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/7524">"Quincey, Thomas Penson De (1785–1859)"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F7524">10.1093/ref:odnb/7524</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Quincey%2C+Thomas+Penson+De+%281785%E2%80%931859%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F7524&rft.aulast=Lindop&rft.aufirst=Grevel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F7524&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Purdon-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Purdon_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Purdon_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJames_Purdon2009" class="citation web cs1">James Purdon (6 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/dec/06/opium-eater-de-quincey-morrison">"The English Opium Eater by Robert Morrison"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+English+Opium+Eater+by+Robert+Morrison&rft.date=2009-12-06&rft.au=James+Purdon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2009%2Fdec%2F06%2Fopium-eater-de-quincey-morrison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDuncan_Wu2010" class="citation web cs1">Duncan Wu (8 January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/the-english-opiumeater-by-robert-morrison-1860907.html">"The English Opium-Eater, By Robert Morrison"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=The+English+Opium-Eater%2C+By+Robert+Morrison&rft.date=2010-01-08&rft.au=Duncan+Wu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Fbooks%2Freviews%2Fthe-english-opiumeater-by-robert-morrison-1860907.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Kitson2019" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kitson" title="Peter Kitson">Peter Kitson</a> (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/68260/1/Chapter.pdf">"Romantic Nationalism, Thomas De Quincey and the Public Debate about the First Opium War, 1839-42"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">University of East Anglia</a></i>. p. 14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2023</span>. <q>De Quincey had a well-known horror of self-replication and the loss of personal identity and freedom, linked ineluctably with his enslavement to opium</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+East+Anglia&rft.atitle=Romantic+Nationalism%2C+Thomas+De+Quincey+and+the+Public+Debate+about+the+First+Opium+War%2C+1839-42&rft.pages=14&rft.date=2019&rft.au=Peter+Kitson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fueaeprints.uea.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F68260%2F1%2FChapter.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Taylor2023" class="citation web cs1">Michael Taylor (29 March 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/ng-interactive/2023/mar/29/the-manchester-guardian-the-limits-of-liberalism-in-the-kingdom-of-cotton">"The limits of liberalism in the Kingdom of Cotton"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+limits+of+liberalism+in+the+Kingdom+of+Cotton&rft.date=2023-03-29&rft.au=Michael+Taylor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fnews%2Fng-interactive%2F2023%2Fmar%2F29%2Fthe-manchester-guardian-the-limits-of-liberalism-in-the-kingdom-of-cotton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Picken-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Picken_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCassidy_Picken2017" class="citation journal cs1">Cassidy Picken (2017). "Annihilated Property: Slavery and Reproduction after Abolition". <i><a href="/wiki/European_Romantic_Review" title="European Romantic Review">European Romantic Review</a></i>. <b>28</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">601–</span>624. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10509585.2017.1362345">10.1080/10509585.2017.1362345</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1050-9585">1050-9585</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:148988278">148988278</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Romantic+Review&rft.atitle=Annihilated+Property%3A+Slavery+and+Reproduction+after+Abolition&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E601-%3C%2Fspan%3E624&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A148988278%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1050-9585&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10509585.2017.1362345&rft.au=Cassidy+Picken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Groves-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Groves_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Groves_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Groves1992" class="citation journal cs1">David Groves (March 1992). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24303043">"Thomas De Quincey, the West Indies, and the <i>Edinburgh Evening Post</i>"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Papers_of_the_Bibliographical_Society_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America">Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America</a></i>. <b>86</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">41–</span>56. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2Fpbsa.86.1.24303043">10.1086/pbsa.86.1.24303043</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24303043">24303043</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155630394">155630394</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Papers+of+the+Bibliographical+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Thomas+De+Quincey%2C+the+West+Indies%2C+and+the+Edinburgh+Evening+Post&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E41-%3C%2Fspan%3E56&rft.date=1992-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A155630394%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24303043%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2Fpbsa.86.1.24303043&rft.au=David+Groves&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24303043&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Confessions</i> was first published in London Magazine in 1821. It was published in book form the following year. (Morrison, Robert. "Thomas De Quincey: Chronology." TDQ Homepage. Kingston: Queen's University, 2013. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224110231/http://www.queensu.ca/english/tdq/chron.html">"Thomas de Quincey--Chronology"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.queensu.ca/english/tdq/chron.html">the original</a> on 24 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thomas+de+Quincey--Chronology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.queensu.ca%2Fenglish%2Ftdq%2Fchron.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBloy" class="citation web cs1">Bloy, Marjie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/previctorian/dequincey/bio.html">"Thomas de Quincey: A biography"</a>. <i>Victorian Web</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Web&rft.atitle=Thomas+de+Quincey%3A+A+biography&rft.aulast=Bloy&rft.aufirst=Marjie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.victorianweb.org%2Fprevictorian%2Fdequincey%2Fbio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.nls.uk/83401431">"Edinburgh Post Office annual directory, 1832-1833"</a>. <i>National Library of Scotland</i>. p. 153<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Library+of+Scotland&rft.atitle=Edinburgh+Post+Office+annual+directory%2C+1832-1833&rft.pages=153&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.nls.uk%2F83401431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas De Quincey, <i><a href="/wiki/Recollections_of_the_Lake_Poets" title="Recollections of the Lake Poets">Recollections of the Lakes and the Lake Poets</a></i>, David Wright, ed., New York, Penguin Books, 1970.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120904052619/http://www.scottishaffairs.org/backiss/pdfs/sa50/sa50_McCrone.pdf">"A Parliament for a People..."</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scottishaffairs.org/backiss/pdfs/sa50/sa50_McCrone.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Parliament+for+a+People....&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scottishaffairs.org%2Fbackiss%2Fpdfs%2Fsa50%2Fsa50_McCrone.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philip Sandblom, <i>Creativity and Disease</i>, Seventh Edition, New York, Marion Boyars, 1992; p. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lyon, pp. 57–58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alethea Hayter, <i>Opium and the Romantic Imagination</i>, revised edition, Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, Crucible, 1988; pp. 229–231.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Grant's Old and New Edinburgh</i>, vol. 6, p. 359</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edinburgh and District: Ward Lock Guide 1935</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Campbell, Donald.<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books/edition/Edinburgh/cfaW7pkoPioC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA74&printsec=frontcover">Edinburgh: A Cultural and Literary History</a></i>. Signal, 2003. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">De Quincey, Thomas. <i>Writings, 1799–1820</i>, edited by Barry Symonds. Vol. 1 of <i>The Works of Thomas De Quincey</i>, ed. Grevel Lindop. London: <a href="/wiki/Pickering_%26_Chatto_Publishers" title="Pickering & Chatto Publishers">Pickering & Chatto</a>, 2000. x.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWalden1896" class="citation book cs1">Walden, Treadwell (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/greatmeaningofme00waldiala"><i>The great meaning of metanoia: an underdeveloped chapter in the life and teaching of Christ</i></a>. University of California Libraries. New York: Thomas Whittaker. pp. <span class="nowrap">32–</span>36.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+great+meaning+of+metanoia%3A+an+underdeveloped+chapter+in+the+life+and+teaching+of+Christ&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E32-%3C%2Fspan%3E36&rft.pub=New+York%3A+Thomas+Whittaker&rft.date=1896&rft.aulast=Walden&rft.aufirst=Treadwell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgreatmeaningofme00waldiala&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThomas+De+Quincey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M.H._Abrams" class="mw-redirect" title="M.H. Abrams">Abrams, M.H.</a> (1971). <i>Natural Supernaturalism: Tradition and Revolution in Romantic Literature.</i> New York: Norton.</li> <li>Agnew, Lois Peters (2012). <i>Thomas De Quincey: British Rhetoric's Romantic Turn</i>. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.</li> <li>Barrell, John (1991). <i>The Infection of Thomas De Quincey.</i> New Haven: Yale University Press.</li> <li>Bate, Jonathan (1993). "The Literature of Power: Coleridge and De Quincey." In: <i>Coleridge’s Visionary Languages</i>. Bury St. Edmonds: Brewer, pp. 137–50.</li> <li>Baxter, Edmund (1990). <i>De Quincey's Art of Autobiography.</i> Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.</li> <li>Berridge, Virginia and Griffith Edwards (1981). <i>Opium and the People: Opiate Use in Nineteenth-century England.</i> London: Allen Lane.</li> <li>Clej, Alina (1995). <i>A Genealogy of the Modern Self: Thomas De Quincey and the Intoxication of Writing.</i> Stanford: Stanford University Press.</li> <li>De Luca, V.A. (1980). <i>Thomas De Quincey: The Prose of Vision</i>. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.</li> <li>Devlin, D.D. (1983). <i>De Quincey, Wordsworth and the Art of Prose</i>. London: Macmillan.</li> <li>Elwin, Malcolm (1935). <i>De Quincey</i>. London: Duckworth. "Great Lives" series</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Goldman" title="Albert Goldman">Goldman, Albert</a> (1965). <i>The Mine and the Mint: Sources for the Writings of Thomas De Quincey</i>. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Le_Gallienne" title="Richard Le Gallienne">Le Gallienne, Richard</a> (1898). "Introduction." In: <i>The Opium Eater and Essays</i>. London: Ward, Lock & Co., pp. vii–xxv.</li> <li>McDonagh, Josephine (1994). <i>De Quincey's Disciplines.</i> Oxford: Clarendon Press.</li> <li>Morrison, Robert (2010). <i>The English Opium-Eater: A Biography of Thomas De Quincey.</i> New York: Pegasus Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60598-132-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60598-132-1">978-1-60598-132-1</a></li> <li>North, Julian (1997). <i>De Quincey Reviewed: Thomas De Quincey’s Critical Reception, 1821-1994</i>. London: Camden House.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Oliphant" title="Margaret Oliphant">Oliphant, Margaret</a> (1877). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/blackwoodsmagaz122edinuoft#page/716/mode/2up">"The Opium-Eater,"</a> <i>Blackwood's Magazine</i>, Vol. 122, pp. 717–41.</li> <li>Roberts, Daniel S. (2000). <i>Revisionary Gleam: De Quincey, Coleridge and the High Romantic Argument.</i> Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.</li> <li>Russett, Margaret (1997). <i>De Quincey’s Romanticism: Canonical Minority and the Forms of Transmission.</i> Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</li> <li>Rzepka, Charles (1995). <i>Sacramental Commodities: Gift, Text and the Sublime in De Quincey.</i> Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Saintsbury" title="George Saintsbury">Saintsbury, George</a> (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/collectedessaysp01sainuoft#page/210/mode/2up">"De Quincey."</a> In: <i>The Collected Essays and Papers</i>, Vol. 1. London: Dent, pp. 210–38.</li> <li>Snyder, Robert Lance, ed. (1985). <i>Thomas De Quincey: Bicentenary Studies.</i> Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Stephen" title="Leslie Stephen">Stephen, Leslie</a> (1869). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cornhillmagazine20londuoft#page/722/mode/2up">"The Decay of Murder,"</a> <i>The Cornhill Magazine,</i> Vol. 20, pp. 722–33.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hutchison_Stirling" title="James Hutchison Stirling">Stirling, James Hutchison</a> (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b2973766;view=1up;seq=391">"De Quincey and Coleridge Upon Kant,"</a> <i>Fortnightly Review</i>, Vol. 8, pp. 377–97.</li> <li>Utz, Richard (2018). "The Cathedral as Time Machine: Art, Architecture, and Religion." In: <i>The Idea of the Gothic Cathedral. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on the Meanings of the Medieval Edifice in the Modern Period</i>, ed. Stephanie Glaser (Turnhout: Brepols, 2018). pp. 239–59. [on "The Glory of Motion" 1849]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Wellek" title="René Wellek">Wellek, René</a> (1944). "De Quincey's Status in the History of Ideas," <i>Philological Quarterly</i>, Vol. 23, pp. 248–72.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Wilson_(writer)" title="Frances Wilson (writer)">Wilson, Frances</a> (2016). <i>Guilty Thing: A Life of Thomas De Quincey</i>. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-374-16730-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-374-16730-1">978-0-374-16730-1</a></li> <li>Woodhouse, Richard (1885). "Notes of Conversation with Thomas De Quincey." In: <i>Confessions of an English Opium-Eater</i>. London: Kegan Paul, pp. 191–233.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_De_Quincey&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/De Quincey, Thomas">De Quincey, Thomas</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tnr.com/book/review/english-opium-eater-dequincey-robert-morrison">"Drugs and Words"</a>, Laura Marsh, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a></i>, 15 February 2011.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/29/AR2010122903965.html">"The fascinating life of an English writer, essayist and 'opium eater'"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dirda" title="Michael Dirda">Michael Dirda</a>, <i>Washington Post</i>, 30 December 2010</li> <li>Archival material at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collections-explore/7377">Leeds University Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4078344">Finding aid to De Quincey Family papers at Columbia University. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://supervert.com/elibrary/thomas_de_quincey">Thomas De Quincey elibrary</a> PDFs of <i>Confessions of an English Opium-Eater</i>, <i>On Murder Considered as One of the Fine Arts</i>, and <i>The Literature of Knowledge and the Literature of Power</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://robertjhmorrison.com/thomas-de-quincey/">Thomas De Quincey Homepage</a>, maintained by Dr Robert Morrison</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/4347">Works by Thomas De Quincey</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" 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href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%20De%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%20D%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Quincey%2C%20T%2E%20D%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Thomas%20De%20Quincey%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Thomas%20D%2E%20Quincey%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22T%2E%20D%2E%20Quincey%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Thomas%20Quincey%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Thomas%20De%20Quincey%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Thomas%20D%2E%20Quincey%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22T%2E%20D%2E%20Quincey%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22T%2E%20De%20Quincey%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%20De%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%20D%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Quincey%2C%20T%2E%20D%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Quincey%2C%20T%2E%20De%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Thomas%20Quincey%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Thomas%20De%20Quincey%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Thomas%20D%2E%20Quincey%22%20OR%20title%3A%22T%2E%20D%2E%20Quincey%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Thomas%20Quincey%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Thomas%20De%20Quincey%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Thomas%20D%2E%20Quincey%22%20OR%20description%3A%22T%2E%20D%2E%20Quincey%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%20De%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%20D%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Thomas%20Quincey%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Quincey%2C%20Thomas%22%29%20OR%20%28%221785-1859%22%20AND%20Quincey%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works 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(literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_France" title="Romanticism in France">France</a> <a href="/wiki/19th-century_French_literature#Romanticism" title="19th-century French literature">(literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_Roman" title="Taishō Roman">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_romantic_nationalism" title="Norwegian romantic nationalism">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland" title="Romanticism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Russian_Poetry" title="Golden Age of Russian Poetry">Russia (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Scotland" title="Romanticism in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Spanish_literature" title="Romanticism in Spanish literature">Spain (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Romantic_literature" title="Swedish Romantic literature">Sweden (literature)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancients_(art_group)" title="Ancients (art group)">Ancients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemianism" title="Bohemianism">Bohemianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppet_group" title="Coppet group">Coppet group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Enlightenment" title="Counter-Enlightenment">Counter-Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Romanticism" title="Dark Romanticism">Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf_School_of_painting" title="Düsseldorf School of painting">Düsseldorf School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_historical_school" title="German historical school">German historical school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianism_(arts)" title="Indianism (arts)">Indianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jena_Romanticism" title="Jena Romanticism">Jena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Poets" title="Lake Poets">Lake Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Nationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazarene_movement" title="Nazarene movement">Nazarene movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-romanticism" title="Neo-romanticism">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preromanticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Preromanticism">Pre</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sturm_und_Drang" title="Sturm und Drang">Sturm und Drang</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-romanticism" title="Post-romanticism">Post</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purismo" title="Purismo">Purismo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendentalism" title="Transcendentalism">Transcendentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_school" title="Ukrainian school">Ukrainian school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Romanticism" title="Ultra-Romanticism">Ultra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Wallenrod" title="Konrad Wallenrod">Wallenrodism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Themes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_flower" title="Blue flower">Blue flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Marine_Art_(Romantic_Era)" title="British Marine Art (Romantic Era)">British Marine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesamtkunstwerk" title="Gesamtkunstwerk">Gesamtkunstwerk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Hero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byronic_hero" title="Byronic hero">Byronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_hero" title="Romantic hero">Romantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mal_du_si%C3%A8cle" title="Mal du siècle">Mal du siècle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medievalism" title="Medievalism">Medievalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_savage" title="Noble savage">Noble savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostalgia#Romanticism" title="Nostalgia">Nostalgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossian" title="Ossian">Ossian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhine_romanticism" title="Rhine romanticism">Rhine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_(literature)#Romanticism_and_genius" title="Genius (literature)">Romantic genius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanderlust" title="Wanderlust">Wanderlust</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weltschmerz" title="Weltschmerz">Weltschmerz</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mountain_art" title="White Mountain art">White Mountain art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism#Literature" title="Romanticism">Writers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brazil</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casimiro_de_Abreu" title="Casimiro de Abreu">Abreu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Alencar" title="José de Alencar">Alencar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ant%C3%B4nio_de_Almeida" title="Manuel Antônio de Almeida">Manuel Antônio de Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castro_Alves" title="Castro Alves">Alves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machado_de_Assis" title="Machado de Assis">Assis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvares_de_Azevedo" title="Álvares de Azevedo">Azevedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Barreto" title="Tobias Barreto">Barreto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_Dias" title="Gonçalves Dias">Dias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Bernardo Guimarães">Guimarães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Manuel_de_Macedo" title="Joaquim Manuel de Macedo">Macedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia" title="Gonçalves de Magalhães, Viscount of Araguaia">Magalhães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Firmina_dos_Reis" title="Maria Firmina dos Reis">Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_d%27Escragnolle_Taunay,_Viscount_of_Taunay" title="Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay, Viscount of Taunay">Taunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fagundes_Varela" title="Fagundes Varela">Varela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_France#Literature" title="Romanticism in France">France</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Baudelaire" title="Charles Baudelaire">Baudelaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloysius_Bertrand" title="Aloysius Bertrand">Bertrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">Chateaubriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Dumas" title="Alexandre Dumas">Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Gautier" title="Théophile Gautier">Gautier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_de_Lamartine" title="Alphonse de Lamartine">Lamartine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosper_M%C3%A9rim%C3%A9e" title="Prosper Mérimée">Mérimée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Musset" title="Alfred de Musset">Musset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_de_Nerval" title="Gérard de Nerval">Nerval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nodier" title="Charles Nodier">Nodier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Vigny" title="Alfred de Vigny">Vigny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achim_von_Arnim" title="Achim von Arnim">A. v. Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_von_Arnim" title="Bettina von Arnim">B. v. Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Beer_(poet)" title="Michael Beer (poet)">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Brentano" title="Clemens Brentano">Brentano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Freiherr_von_Eichendorff" title="Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff">Eichendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_de_la_Motte_Fouqu%C3%A9" title="Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué">Fouqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothers_Grimm" title="Brothers Grimm">Brothers Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoline_von_G%C3%BCnderrode" title="Karoline von Günderrode">Günderrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Gutzkow" title="Karl Gutzkow">Gutzkow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Hauff" title="Wilhelm Hauff">Hauff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._T._A._Hoffmann" title="E. T. A. Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_H%C3%B6lderlin" title="Friedrich Hölderlin">Hölderlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Paul" title="Jean Paul">Jean Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Kleist" title="Heinrich von Kleist">Kleist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_M%C3%B6rike" title="Eduard Mörike">Mörike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Schwab" title="Gustav Schwab">Schwab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Uhland" title="Ludwig Uhland">Uhland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_literature_in_English" title="Romantic literature in English">Great<br />Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Laetitia_Barbauld" title="Anna Laetitia Barbauld">Barbauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Bront%C3%AB" title="Anne Brontë">Anne Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB" title="Charlotte Brontë">C. Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Bront%C3%AB" title="Emily Brontë">E. Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Byron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clare" title="John Clare">Clare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">de Quincey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Edgeworth" title="Maria Edgeworth">Maria Edgeworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats">Keats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maturin" title="Charles Maturin">Maturin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Polidori" title="John William Polidori">Polidori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Radcliffe" title="Ann Radcliffe">Radcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson_(poet)" title="Mary Robinson (poet)">Mary Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Seward" title="Anna Seward">Seward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shelley" title="Mary Shelley">M. Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley" title="Percy Bysshe Shelley">P. B. Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Southey" title="Robert Southey">Southey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">Wordsworth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland#Notable_Polish_Romantic_writers_and_poets" title="Romanticism in Poland">Poland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Fredro" title="Aleksander Fredro">Fredro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Krasi%C5%84ski" title="Zygmunt Krasiński">Krasiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Ignacy_Kraszewski" title="Józef Ignacy Kraszewski">Józef Ignacy Kraszewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Malczewski" title="Antoni Malczewski">Malczewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Mickiewicz" title="Adam Mickiewicz">Mickiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian_Norwid" title="Cyprian Norwid">Norwid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Potocki" title="Jan Potocki">Potocki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wincenty_Pol" title="Wincenty Pol">Wincenty Pol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliusz_S%C5%82owacki" title="Juliusz Słowacki">Słowacki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Castelo_Branco" title="Camilo Castelo Branco">Castelo Branco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Feliciano_de_Castilho" title="António Feliciano de Castilho">Castilho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_de_Nogueira_Ramos" title="João de Deus de Nogueira Ramos">João de Deus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlio_Dinis" title="Júlio Dinis">Dinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almeida_Garrett" title="Almeida Garrett">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Herculano" title="Alexandre Herculano">Herculano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Augusto_Soares_de_Passos" title="António Augusto Soares de Passos">Soares dos Passos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Baratynsky" title="Yevgeny Baratynsky">Baratynsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Batyushkov" title="Konstantin Batyushkov">Batyushkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Gogol" title="Nikolai Gogol">Gogol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Karamzin" title="Nikolay Karamzin">Karamzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_K%C3%BCchelbecker" title="Wilhelm Küchelbecker">Küchelbecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lermontov" title="Mikhail Lermontov">Lermontov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin" title="Alexander Pushkin">Pushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Tyutchev" title="Fyodor Tyutchev">Tyutchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Vyazemsky" title="Pyotr Vyazemsky">Vyazemsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Zhukovsky" title="Vasily Zhukovsky">Zhukovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90ura_Jak%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Đura Jakšić">Jakšić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laza_Kosti%C4%87" title="Laza Kostić">Kostić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_II_Petrovi%C4%87-Njego%C5%A1" title="Petar II Petrović-Njegoš">Njegoš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branko_Radi%C4%8Devi%C4%87" title="Branko Radičević">Radičević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milica_Stojadinovi%C4%87-Srpkinja" title="Milica Stojadinović-Srpkinja">Stojadinović-Srpkinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Jovanovi%C4%87_Zmaj" title="Jovan Jovanović Zmaj">Zmaj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Adolfo_B%C3%A9cquer" title="Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer">Bécquer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosal%C3%ADa_de_Castro" title="Rosalía de Castro">Rosalía de Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Espronceda" title="José de Espronceda">Espronceda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Garc%C3%ADa_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Antonio García Gutiérrez">Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_de_Saavedra,_3rd_Duke_of_Rivas" title="Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas">Saavedra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Zorrilla" title="José Zorrilla">Zorrilla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Cullen_Bryant" title="William Cullen Bryant">Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenimore_Cooper" title="James Fenimore Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Hawthorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Gilbert_Holland" title="Josiah Gilbert Holland">Josiah Gilbert Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Irving" title="Washington Irving">Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">Longfellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Poe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khachatur_Abovian" title="Khachatur Abovian">Abovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Alfieri" title="Vittorio Alfieri">Alfieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Andersen" title="Hans Christian Andersen">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikoloz_Baratashvili" title="Nikoloz Baratashvili">Baratashvili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hristo_Botev" title="Hristo Botev">Botev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Chavchavadze" title="Alexander Chavchavadze">Chavchavadze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Eminescu" title="Mihai Eminescu">Eminescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Foscolo" title="Ugo Foscolo">Foscolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naim_Frash%C3%ABri" title="Naim Frashëri">Frashëri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Gustaf_Geijer" title="Erik Gustaf Geijer">Geijer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._F._S._Grundtvig" title="N. F. S. Grundtvig">Grundtvig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Heliade_R%C4%83dulescu" title="Ion Heliade Rădulescu">Heliade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Isaacs" title="Jorge Isaacs">Isaacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Lenau" title="Nikolaus Lenau">Lenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Leopardi" title="Giacomo Leopardi">Leopardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Hynek_M%C3%A1cha" title="Karel Hynek Mácha">Mácha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Manzoni" title="Alessandro Manzoni">Manzoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maturin" title="Charles Maturin">Maturin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Oehlenschl%C3%A4ger" title="Adam Oehlenschläger">Oehlenschläger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigol_Orbeliani" title="Grigol Orbeliani">Orbeliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Pre%C5%A1eren" title="France Prešeren">Prešeren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffi_(novelist)" title="Raffi (novelist)">Raffi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Ludvig_Runeberg" title="Johan Ludvig Runeberg">Runeberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taras_Shevchenko" title="Taras Shevchenko">Shevchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachris_Topelius" title="Zachris Topelius">Topelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mih%C3%A1ly_V%C3%B6r%C3%B6smarty" title="Mihály Vörösmarty">Vörösmarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Wergeland" title="Henrik Wergeland">Wergeland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">Musicians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Austria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Bruckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Czerny" title="Carl Czerny">Czerny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Hummel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Mahler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismond_Thalberg" title="Sigismond Thalberg">Thalberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wolf" title="Hugo Wolf">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Czechia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles">Moscheles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Reicha" title="Anton Reicha">Reicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Smetana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_V%C3%A1clav_Vo%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1ek" title="Jan Václav Voříšek">Voříšek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Valentin_Alkan" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan">Alkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auber" title="Daniel Auber">Auber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Fauré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_M%C3%A9hul" title="Étienne Méhul">Méhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Onslow_(composer)" title="George Onslow (composer)">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bruch" title="Max Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kalkbrenner" title="Friedrich Kalkbrenner">Kalkbrenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Loewe" title="Carl Loewe">Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Marschner" title="Heinrich Marschner">Marschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Mendelssohn" title="Fanny Mendelssohn">Fanny Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Meyerbeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_Moszkowski" title="Moritz Moszkowski">Moszkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schumann" title="Clara Schumann">C. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">R. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Spohr" title="Louis Spohr">Spohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hungary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Erkel" title="Ferenc Erkel">Erkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Goldmark" title="Karl Goldmark">Goldmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Heller" title="Stephen Heller">Heller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen%C5%91_Hubay" title="Jenő Hubay">Hubay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni" title="Ferruccio Busoni">Busoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Paganini" title="Niccolò Paganini">Paganini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspare_Spontini" title="Gaspare Spontini">Spontini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bortkiewicz" title="Sergei Bortkiewicz">Bortkiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol_Lipi%C5%84ski" title="Karol Lipiński">Lipiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Moniuszko" title="Stanisław Moniuszko">Moniuszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Paderewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Stolpe" title="Antoni Stolpe">Stolpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Tausig" title="Karl Tausig">Tausig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Wieniawski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Arensky" title="Anton Arensky">Arensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Balakirev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodin" title="Alexander Borodin">Borodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cui" title="César Cui">Cui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Glinka" title="Mikhail Glinka">Glinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Lyapunov" title="Sergei Lyapunov">Lyapunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Medtner" title="Nikolai Medtner">Medtner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Rachmaninoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Rimsky-Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Rubinstein" title="Anton Rubinstein">Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Hristi%C4%87" title="Stevan Hristić">Hristić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Konjovi%C4%87" title="Petar Konjović">Konjović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Mokranjac" title="Stevan Mokranjac">Mokranjac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornelije_Stankovi%C4%87" title="Kornelije Stanković">Stanković</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Sterndale_Bennett" title="William Sterndale Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Berwald" title="Franz Berwald">Berwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(composer)" title="John Field (composer)">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Franck" title="César Franck">Franck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Grieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Sibelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Sor" title="Fernando Sor">Sor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_philosophy" title="Romanticism in philosophy">Philosophers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vissarion_Belinsky" title="Vissarion Belinsky">Belinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Berchet" title="Giovanni Berchet">Berchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Chaadayev" title="Pyotr Chaadayev">Chaadayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Constant" title="Benjamin Constant">Constant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fichte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hazlitt" title="William Hazlitt">Hazlitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Khomyakov" title="Aleksey Khomyakov">Khomyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licit%C3%A9_de_La_Mennais" title="Félicité de La Mennais">Lamennais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Jos%C3%A9_de_Larra" title="Mariano José de Larra">Larra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Michelet" title="Jules Michelet">Michelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_M%C3%BCller" title="Adam Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Quinet" title="Edgar Quinet">Quinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Joseph_Schelling" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling">Schelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Wilhelm_Schlegel" title="August Wilhelm Schlegel">A. Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schlegel" title="Friedrich Schlegel">F. Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schleiermacher" title="Friedrich Schleiermacher">Schleiermacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Pivert_de_Senancour" title="Étienne Pivert de Senancour">Senancour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Vilhelm_Snellman" title="Johan Vilhelm Snellman">Snellman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heinrich_Wackenroder" title="Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder">Wackenroder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism#Visual_arts" title="Romanticism">Visual artists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Aivazovsky" title="Ivan Aivazovsky">Aivazovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt">Bierstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Parkes_Bonington" title="Richard Parkes Bonington">Bonington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Bryullov" title="Karl Bryullov">Bryullov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau" title="Théodore Chassériau">Chassériau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Edwin_Church" title="Frederic Edwin Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Constable" title="John Constable">Constable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cole" title="Thomas Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Camille_Corot" title="Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot">Corot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Christian_Dahl" title="Johan Christian Dahl">Dahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_d%27Angers" title="David d'Angers">David d'Angers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edelfelt" title="Albert Edelfelt">Edelfelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich" title="Caspar David Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fuseli" title="Henry Fuseli">Fuseli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akseli_Gallen-Kallela" title="Akseli Gallen-Kallela">Gallen-Kallela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_G%C3%A9ricault" title="Théodore Géricault">Géricault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Louis_Girodet_de_Roussy-Trioson" title="Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson">Girodet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Nepomucen_G%C5%82owacki" title="Jan Nepomucen Głowacki">Głowacki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Goya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Gude" title="Hans Gude">Gude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Hayez" title="Francesco Hayez">Hayez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Janmot" title="Louis Janmot">Janmot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jones_(artist)" title="Thomas Jones (artist)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orest_Kiprensky" title="Orest Kiprensky">Kiprensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Anton_Koch" title="Joseph Anton Koch">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franciszek_Ksawery_Lampi" title="Franciszek Ksawery Lampi">Lampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Leutze" title="Emanuel Leutze">Leutze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_(painter)" title="John Martin (painter)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piotr_Micha%C5%82owski" title="Piotr Michałowski">Michałowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Palmer" title="Samuel Palmer">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Ara%C3%BAjo_Porto-Alegre,_Baron_of_Santo_%C3%82ngelo" title="Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo">Porto-Alegre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine-Augustin_Pr%C3%A9ault" title="Antoine-Augustin Préault">Préault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_R%C3%A9voil" title="Pierre Révoil">Révoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleury_Fran%C3%A7ois_Richard" title="Fleury François Richard">Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Rude" title="François Rude">Rude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Otto_Runge" title="Philipp Otto Runge">Runge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raden_Saleh" title="Raden Saleh">Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ary_Scheffer" title="Ary Scheffer">Scheffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Stattler" title="Wojciech Stattler">Stattler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stroy" title="Michael Stroy">Stroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Tidemand" title="Adolph Tidemand">Tidemand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Tropinin" title="Vasily Tropinin">Tropinin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Veit" title="Philipp Veit">Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ward_(English_artist)" title="James Ward (English artist)">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Wiertz" title="Antoine Wiertz">Wiertz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Scholars" class="mw-redirect" title="Scholars">Scholars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Abraham" title="Gerald Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._H._Abrams" title="M. H. Abrams">Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Barzun" title="Jacques Barzun">Barzun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_C._Beiser" title="Frederick C. Beiser">Beiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._C._W._Blanning" title="T. C. W. Blanning">Blanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Bloom" title="Harold Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Blume" title="Friedrich Blume">Blume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Dahlhaus" title="Carl Dahlhaus">Dahlhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ferber" title="Michael Ferber">Ferber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Frye" title="Northrop Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Janion" title="Maria Janion">Janion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Lacoue-Labarthe" title="Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe">Lacoue-Labarthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Oncken_Lovejoy" title="Arthur Oncken Lovejoy">Lovejoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Man" title="Paul de Man">de Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Nancy" title="Jean-Luc Nancy">Nancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Gabriel_Porthan" title="Henrik Gabriel Porthan">Porthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Ricks" title="Christopher Ricks">Ricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Rosen" title="Charles Rosen">Rosen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Wellek" title="René Wellek">Wellek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coleridge%27s_theory_of_life" title="Coleridge's theory of life">Coleridge's theory of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_idealism" title="German idealism">German idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_romantics" title="List of romantics">List of romantics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romantic_poets" title="List of Romantic poets">List of Romantic poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages_in_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Ages in history">Middle Ages in history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opium_and_Romanticism" title="Opium and Romanticism">Opium and Romanticism</a></li> <li><a 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrCgKVCfxwTPxwpJvdfbd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118524747">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50001719">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118989108">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118989108">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00437478">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="De Quincey, Thomas"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV004572">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35034287">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20010316118&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1154811">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/39468">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069245975">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90236188">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000034302&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000169437&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=61178">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000040279">Argentina</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199606676">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/dbqstnkx288c7h0">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810566250205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/71244">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007260249705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000144960">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058521460806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01149462?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/df4f6bef-37f4-4060-ad8b-1f8daa5f3060">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.performing-arts.eu/discovery/agent/gnd_118524747">FID</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/806783">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118524747.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118524747">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026815087">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6mc9531">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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