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Éditions Gallimard — Wikipédia

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open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Homonymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gallimard_(homonymie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Gallimard (homonymie)">Gallimard (homonymie)</a>.</p> </div> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p>Les <b>éditions Gallimard</b>, appelées jusqu’en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1919_en_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1919 en littérature">1919</a> les <i>éditions de la Nouvelle Revue française</i> et jusqu’en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1961_en_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1961 en littérature">1961</a> la <i>librairie Gallimard</i>, sont un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_d%27%C3%A9dition?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe d'édition">groupe d'édition</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">français</a>. La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maison_d%27%C3%A9dition?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maison d'édition">maison d'édition</a> est fondée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaston_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaston Gallimard">Gaston Gallimard</a> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1911_en_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1911 en littérature">1911</a>. Le groupe Gallimard est actuellement dirigé par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine Gallimard">Antoine Gallimard</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center; line-height: 1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Gallimard_logo.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Éditions Gallimard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/e/e6/Gallimard_logo.svg/280px-Gallimard_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/e/e6/Gallimard_logo.svg/420px-Gallimard_logo.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/fr/thumb/e/e6/Gallimard_logo.svg/560px-Gallimard_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="138"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#CD2832; color:#FFFFFF">Repères historiques</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Création</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1911_en_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1911 en littérature">1911</a> (il y a <span data-sort-value="&amp;0000000000041604" class="datasortkey">113&nbsp;ans</span>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Fondée par</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaston_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaston Gallimard">Gaston Gallimard</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Gide">André Gide</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Schlumberger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Schlumberger">Jean Schlumberger</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#CD2832; color:#FFFFFF">Fiche d’identité</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Droit_des_soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Droit des sociétés">Forme juridique</a></th> <td>SA à conseil d'administration<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Statut</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_d%27%C3%A9dition?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe d'édition">groupe d'édition</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Si%C3%A8ge_social?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Siège social">Siège social</a></th> <td>5, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_Gaston-Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue Gaston-Gallimard">rue Gaston-Gallimard</a><br><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/7e_arrondissement_de_Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="7e arrondissement de Paris">75007</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paris">Paris</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a>)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Dirigée par</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine Gallimard">Antoine Gallimard</a> depuis 2005</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Spécialités</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Littérature">littérature</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Collections</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collection_Blanche_(Gallimard)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Collection Blanche (Gallimard)">Blanche</a><sup id="cite_ref-coll.Blanche_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-coll.Blanche-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (1911), Bibliothèque des idées (1927), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Du_monde_entier_(collection)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Du monde entier (collection)">Du monde entier</a> (1931), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_de_la_Pl%C3%A9iade?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque de la Pléiade">Bibliothèque de la Pléiade</a> (1931/1933), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9rie_noire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Série noire">Série noire</a> (1945), La Croix du Sud (1952), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Connaissance_de_l%27Orient?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Connaissance de l'Orient">Connaissance de l'Orient</a> (1956), Poésie<sup id="cite_ref-coll.Poesie_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-coll.Poesie-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (1966), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_des_histoires?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque des histoires">Bibliothèque des histoires</a> (1971), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Folio_(Gallimard)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Folio (Gallimard)">Folio</a> (1972), Futuropolis (1972/2004), Tel (1976), L'Imaginaire (1977), L'Infini (1983/1987), Arcades (1986), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9couvertes_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Découvertes Gallimard">Découvertes Gallimard</a> (1986), NRF essais (1988), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Continents_noirs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Continents noirs">Continents noirs</a> (2000)…</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Titres phares</th> <td><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%80_l%27ombre_des_jeunes_filles_en_fleurs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="À l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs">À l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27%C3%89tranger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Étranger">L'Étranger</a></i>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Petit_Prince?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Petit Prince">Le Petit Prince</a></i>, etc.</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Langues de publication</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Français">Français</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diffuseur_de_livres?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diffuseur de livres">Diffuseurs</a></th> <td>CDE, Sofédis</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_m%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Société mère">Société mère</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_Madrigall?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe Madrigall">groupe Madrigall</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Filiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Filiale">Filiales</a></th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Deno%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Denoël">Éditions Denoël</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mercure_de_France_(maison_d%27%C3%A9dition)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mercure de France (maison d'édition)">Mercure de France</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_de_la_Table_ronde?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions de la Table ronde">Éditions de la Table ronde</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/POL_%C3%A9diteur?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="POL éditeur">P.O.L.</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gallimard_Jeunesse?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gallimard Jeunesse">Gallimard Jeunesse</a>, Gallimard Loisirs, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Futuropolis_(maison_d%27%C3%A9dition)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Futuropolis (maison d'édition)">Futuropolis</a>, Les Grandes Personnes, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Alternatives?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Alternatives">Éditions Alternatives</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Effectif</th> <td>250 à 499 en 2019<sup id="cite_ref-société_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Site_web?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Site web">Site web</a></th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/">Gallimard.fr</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">Préfixe ISBN</a></th> <td><span class="wd_p3035">978-2-07<br> 978-2-7424<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273819?uselang%3Dfr%23P3035" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></a></span></span></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#CD2832; color:#FFFFFF">Données financières</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chiffre_d%27affaires?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chiffre d'affaires">Chiffre d'affaires</a></th> <td>comptes non disponibles</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#CD2832; color:#FFFFFF">Environnement sectoriel</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Principaux concurrents</th> <td><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hachette_Livre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hachette Livre">Hachette Livre</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Editis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Editis">Editis</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C3%A9dia_participations?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Média participations">Média participations</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #CD2832 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3D%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span>&nbsp;<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Maison_d%27%C3%A9dition?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Considérée comme l'une des plus importantes et influentes maisons d'édition en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="France">France</a>, notamment pour la littérature du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XXe_si%C3%A8cle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XXe siècle"><abbr class="abbr" title="20ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&nbsp;siècle</a> et contemporaine, Gallimard est le diffuseur, en 2011, d'un catalogue comprenant <span class="nowrap">38 <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prix_Goncourt?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prix Goncourt">prix Goncourt</a></span>, <span class="nowrap">38 écrivains</span> ayant reçu le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prix_Nobel_de_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prix Nobel de littérature">prix Nobel de littérature</a>, et <span class="nowrap">10 écrivains</span> récompensés du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prix_Pulitzer?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prix Pulitzer">prix Pulitzer</a><sup id="cite_ref-LesEchos_6-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-LesEchos-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Gallimard fait partie du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_Madrigall?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe Madrigall">Groupe Madrigall</a>, le troisième pôle éditorial français.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Histoire"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Histoire</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#D%C3%A9buts"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Débuts</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Expansion_rapide"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Expansion rapide</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Occupation"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Occupation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Apr%C3%A8s-guerre"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Après-guerre</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#D%C3%A9veloppement_du_groupe_Gallimard"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Développement du groupe Gallimard</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Des_ann%C3%A9es_1980_%C3%A0_aujourd'hui"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">Des années 1980 à aujourd'hui</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Collections_et_filiales"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Collections et filiales</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Principales_revues"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Principales revues</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Groupe_Gallimard"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Groupe Gallimard</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Gallimard_en_chiffres"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Gallimard en chiffres</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Principaux_prix_litt%C3%A9raires_obtenus"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Principaux prix littéraires obtenus</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Dans_la_culture"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Dans la culture</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Musique"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Musique</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Notes et références</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voir_aussi"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Voir aussi</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliographie"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliographie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-18"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ouvrages_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ralistes"><span class="tocnumber">7.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Ouvrages généralistes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Sur_Gallimard_et_la_NRF"><span class="tocnumber">7.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Sur Gallimard et la NRF</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles"><span class="tocnumber">7.1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Articles</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles_connexes"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Articles connexes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">7.3</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Débuts"><span id="D.C3.A9buts"></span>Débuts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Débuts" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1911-05-31" data-sort-value="1911-05-31"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/31_mai?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="31 mai">31</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mai_1911?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mai 1911">mai</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1911_en_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1911 en littérature">1911</a></time>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Gide">André Gide</a> (1869-1951), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Schlumberger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Schlumberger">Jean Schlumberger</a> (1877-1968) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaston_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaston Gallimard">Gaston Gallimard</a> (1881-1975) signent à Paris l’acte de fondation des Éditions de La Nouvelle Revue française. Il ne s’agit alors que d’un comptoir d’édition issu de <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Nouvelle_Revue_fran%C3%A7aise?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Nouvelle Revue française">La Nouvelle Revue française</a></i> (<i>La NRF</i>), la revue de littérature et de critique créée en février <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1909?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1909">1909</a> par un groupe d’écrivains réunis autour de Gide<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Les trois premiers livres, publiés dès <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1911?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1911">1911</a> avec une couverture crème aux liserés rouges et noir frappée du monogramme NRF<sup id="cite_ref-BessardBanquy_8-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BessardBanquy-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, sont <i>L’Otage</i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Claudel?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Claudel">Paul Claudel</a>, <i>Isabelle</i> de Gide et <i>La Mère et l’enfant</i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles-Louis_Philippe?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles-Louis Philippe">Charles-Louis Philippe</a>. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saint-John_Perse?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saint-John Perse">Saint-John Perse</a> (1911), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jules_Romains?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jules Romains">Jules Romains</a> (1916), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roger_Martin_du_Gard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roger Martin du Gard">Roger Martin du Gard</a> (1913), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Conrad?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Conrad">Joseph Conrad</a> (1912) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Val%C3%A9ry?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Valéry">Paul Valéry</a> (1917) figurent, à leur suite, parmi les premiers auteurs représentés dans ce qui devient ensuite la collection «&nbsp;Blanche&nbsp;»<sup id="cite_ref-coll.Blanche_2-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-coll.Blanche-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Une centaine de titres sont ainsi publiés de mai <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1911?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1911">1911</a> à juin <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1919?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1919">1919</a> par les Éditions de la NRF<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, dont <i>La Jeune Parque</i>, qui marque le retour de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Val%C3%A9ry?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Valéry">Paul Valéry</a> à la poésie<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Fils de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Gallimard">Paul Gallimard</a> (grand collectionneur de tableaux et d’estampes, propriétaire du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_des_Vari%C3%A9t%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Théâtre des Variétés">théâtre des Variétés</a>), Gaston Gallimard est appelé comme gérant de l’entreprise par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Gide">André Gide</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Schlumberger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Schlumberger">Jean Schlumberger</a>. Associé financièrement à l'affaire, il se découvre une vocation d’éditeur<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Avec l’aide de Gide et du secrétaire de la NRF <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Rivi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Rivière">Jacques Rivière</a> (1886-1925), il parvient notamment à convaincre en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1917?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1917">1917</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Proust?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Proust">Marcel Proust</a> de lui confier la publication de son œuvre, cinq ans après que <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Du_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9_de_chez_Swann?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Du côté de chez Swann">Du côté de chez Swann</a></i>, le premier volume de <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%80_la_recherche_du_temps_perdu?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="À la recherche du temps perdu">À la recherche du temps perdu</a></i>, a été hâtivement refusé par la NRF et publié à compte d’auteur par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bernard_Grasset_(%C3%A9diteur)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bernard Grasset (éditeur)">Bernard Grasset</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La parution du second volume, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%80_l%E2%80%99ombre_des_jeunes_filles_en_fleur?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="À l’ombre des jeunes filles en fleur">À l’ombre des jeunes filles en fleur</a></i>, à l’enseigne de la NRF permet à la maison d’édition d’obtenir son premier <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prix_Goncourt?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prix Goncourt">prix Goncourt</a> en 1919<sup id="cite_ref-LesEchos_6-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-LesEchos-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="1913-08" data-sort-value="1913-08">août 1913</time>, Jean Schlumberger et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Copeau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Copeau">Jacques Copeau</a> (1879-1949), également soucieux d’une profonde rénovation dramatique, fondent le théâtre du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vieux-Colombier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vieux-Colombier">Vieux-Colombier</a>, associé à la NRF jusqu’en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1924?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1924">1924</a>. Gaston Gallimard en est l’administrateur, Jacques Copeau le directeur, et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_Jouvet?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis Jouvet">Louis Jouvet</a> le régisseur. Cette nouvelle scène parisienne, à laquelle sont associées une troupe (où figure <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Dullin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Dullin">Charles Dullin</a>) et une école, est inaugurée le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1919-10-23" data-sort-value="1919-10-23">23 octobre 1919</time>. Y sont présentés de grands textes du répertoire (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moli%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Molière">Molière</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shakespeare?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a>…) et créées quelques pièces écrites par des auteurs proches de la NRF (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Claudel?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Claudel">Paul Claudel</a>, André Gide, Jules Romains, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Charles_Vildrac?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Charles Vildrac">Charles Vildrac</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_Gh%C3%A9on?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri Ghéon">Henri Ghéon</a>…)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Expansion_rapide">Expansion rapide</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Expansion rapide" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>De retour d’une tournée aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="États-Unis">États-Unis</a> avec la troupe du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vieux-Colombier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vieux-Colombier">Vieux-Colombier</a>, Gaston Gallimard décide en 1919 de donner un nouveau souffle à l’entreprise commune. Tout en s’appuyant sur la revue <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Nouvelle_Revue_fran%C3%A7aise?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Nouvelle Revue française">La NRF</a></i>, dirigée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Rivi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Rivière">Jacques Rivière</a> de 1919 à 1925 puis par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Paulhan?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Paulhan">Jean Paulhan</a> de 1925 à 1940 et de 1953 à 1968<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, il crée le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1919-07-26" data-sort-value="1919-07-26">26 juillet 1919</time> la Librairie Gallimard, une nouvelle société réunissant les activités de la revue et du comptoir d’édition. L’un de ses deux frères, Raymond Gallimard, et son ami Emmanuel, <i>dit</i> Maney, Couvreux s’associent à cette nouvelle entreprise, dotée de ressources financières plus importantes<sup id="cite_ref-cerisier_15-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-cerisier-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Gaston Gallimard acquiert ainsi une imprimerie (Imprimerie Sainte-Catherine, à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bruges?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-BessardBanquy_8-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-BessardBanquy-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, crée une librairie (boulevard Raspail)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et recrute de nouveaux collaborateurs, dont le directeur commercial <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Louis-Daniel_Hirsch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Louis-Daniel Hirsch (page inexistante)">Louis-Daniel Hirsch</a><sup id="cite_ref-HistEdition4_17-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-HistEdition4-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Gaston Gallimard mène dès lors une politique éditoriale moins exclusive en éditant notamment des livres pour enfants (dont <i>Les Contes du chat perché</i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Aym%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Aymé">Marcel Aymé</a>, 1934-1948)<sup id="cite_ref-CerisierDesse_18-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CerisierDesse-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, des collections de littérature populaire («&nbsp;Chef-d’œuvre du roman d’aventure&nbsp;», 1928&nbsp;; «&nbsp;Succès&nbsp;», 1931&nbsp;; etc.) et des magazines, à travers sa filiale fondée en octobre 1928, les publications ZED<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>20<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> qui lance <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Nouveau_D%C3%A9tective?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Nouveau Détective">Détective</a></i> en 1928, puis <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Voil%C3%A0_(hebdomadaire)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Voilà (hebdomadaire)">Voilà</a></i> en 1931 et <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marianne_(journal,_1932-1940)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marianne (journal, 1932-1940)">Marianne</a></i> en 1932. Il passe un accord exclusif de diffusion et de distribution avec les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Messageries_Hachette?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Messageries Hachette">Messageries Hachette</a>, le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1932-03-29" data-sort-value="1932-03-29">29 mars 1932</time>, pour assurer de façon plus efficace la commercialisation de ses livres<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>L’accroissement des ventes donne à Gaston Gallimard les moyens de financer sur la durée un catalogue littéraire plus exigeant. Il s’entoure de collaborateurs éditoriaux qu’il réunit dès <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1925?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1925">1925</a> au sein d’un comité de lecture. Les cadres de la revue —&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Paulhan?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Paulhan">Jean Paulhan</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Benjamin_Cr%C3%A9mieux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Benjamin Crémieux">Benjamin Crémieux</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ramon_Fernandez_(%C3%A9crivain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ramon Fernandez (écrivain)">Ramon Fernandez</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bernard_Groethuysen?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bernard Groethuysen">Bernard Groethuysen</a>&nbsp;— y sont bientôt rejoints par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brice_Parain?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brice Parain">Brice Parain</a> (1927), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Malraux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Malraux">André Malraux</a> (1928), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Arland?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Arland">Marcel Arland</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Raymond_Queneau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Raymond Queneau">Raymond Queneau</a> (1938). Quelques auteurs sont ainsi directement associés à l’animation éditoriale de l’entreprise. Ils y jouent des rôles d'éditeurs, de lecteurs et de directeurs de collection (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Morand?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Morand">Paul Morand</a>, par exemple, pour «&nbsp;Renaissance de la Nouvelle&nbsp;»), ou assument d'autres fonctions (comme <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Malraux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Malraux">André Malraux</a>, qui prend la suite de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roger_Allard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roger Allard">Roger Allard</a> à la direction artistique des éditions Gallimard en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1928-10" data-sort-value="1928-10">octobre 1928</time>)<sup id="cite_ref-cerisier_15-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-cerisier-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>L’activité littéraire des Éditions prend de l'ampleur, marquée par l’arrivée d’une nouvelle génération de romanciers (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_Kessel?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph Kessel">Kessel</a>, 1922&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Aym%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Aymé">Aymé</a>, 1927&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Malraux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Malraux">Malraux</a>, 1928&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_de_Saint-Exup%C3%A9ry?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine de Saint-Exupéry">Saint-Exupéry</a>, 1929&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Giono?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Giono">Giono</a>, 1931&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Raymond_Queneau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Raymond Queneau">Queneau</a>, 1933&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georges_Simenon?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georges Simenon">Simenon</a>, 1934&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a>, 1938…), de poètes (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_Aragon?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis Aragon">Aragon</a>, 1921&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jules_Supervielle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jules Supervielle">Supervielle</a>, 1923&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Breton">Breton</a>, 1924&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francis_Ponge?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francis Ponge">Ponge</a>, 1926&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_Michaux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri Michaux">Michaux</a>, 1927…) et par le développement du département étranger (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Luigi Pirandello">Pirandello</a>, 1925&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ernest Hemingway">Hemingway</a>, 1928&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Dos_Passos?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Dos Passos">Dos Passos</a>, 1928&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Faulkner?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Faulkner">Faulkner</a>, 1933&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franz_Kafka?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franz Kafka">Kafka</a>, 1933&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Steinbeck?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Steinbeck">Steinbeck</a>, 1939&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vladimir_Nabokov?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vladimir Nabokov">Nabokov</a>, 1939&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Margaret_Mitchell?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Margaret Mitchell">Mitchell</a>, 1939…). Les œuvres d’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alain_(philosophe)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alain (philosophe)">Alain</a> (1920) et de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sigmund_Freud?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sigmund Freud">Freud</a> (1923) constituent le socle d’un catalogue de philosophie et de sciences de l’homme qui va peu à peu prendre un grand essor<sup id="cite_ref-HistEdition4_17-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-HistEdition4-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Parallèlement, les collections de Gallimard se multiplient, tant en littérature française et étrangère («&nbsp;Une œuvre, un portrait&nbsp;», 1921&nbsp;; «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Du_monde_entier_(collection)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Du monde entier (collection)">Du monde entier</a>&nbsp;», 1931&nbsp;; «&nbsp;Métamorphoses&nbsp;» dirigée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Paulhan?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Paulhan">Jean Paulhan</a>, 1936), qu’en essais et documents («&nbsp;Les Documents bleus&nbsp;», 1923&nbsp;; «&nbsp;Vie des hommes illustres&nbsp;», 1926&nbsp;; «&nbsp;Bibliothèque des idées&nbsp;», 1927&nbsp;; «&nbsp;Les Essais&nbsp;», 1931)<sup id="cite_ref-HistEdition4_17-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-HistEdition4-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. «&nbsp;La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_de_la_Pl%C3%A9iade?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque de la Pléiade">Bibliothèque de la Pléiade</a>&nbsp;», luxueuse collection créée en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1931?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1931">1931</a> par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Schiffrin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Schiffrin">Jacques Schiffrin</a> (1892-1950) au sein de ses propres éditions, est reprise par Gallimard en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1933?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1933">1933</a>. Elle rassemble des ouvrages d’œuvres complètes ou d’anthologies sur papier bible reliés plein cuir. Son fondateur en conserve la direction, tout en prenant par ailleurs la responsabilité des publications pour la jeunesse de la NRF<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>22<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Après avoir occupé successivement le 1, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_Saint-Beno%C3%AEt_(Paris)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue Saint-Benoît (Paris)">rue Saint-Benoît</a> (1911-1912), le 35 et 37 de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_Madame?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue Madame">rue Madame</a> (1912-1921) et le 3, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_de_Grenelle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue de Grenelle">rue de Grenelle</a> (1921-1929), la maison d'édition établit son siège social au 43, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_de_Beaune?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue de Beaune">rue de Beaune</a> qui est renommée <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_S%C3%A9bastien-Bottin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue Sébastien-Bottin">rue Sébastien-Bottin</a> la même année<sup id="cite_ref-express_23-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-express-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Occupation">Occupation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Occupation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg/170px-L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="264" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="935"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 264px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg/170px-L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg" data-width="170" data-height="264" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg/255px-L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg/340px-L%27%C3%89tranger_-_Albert_Camus.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27%C3%89tranger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Étranger">L'Étranger</a> d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Camus?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a>, 1942. </figcaption> </figure> <p>À la déclaration de guerre, en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Septembre_1939?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Septembre 1939">septembre 1939</a>, une partie du personnel de la maison d’édition s’installe dans la Manche, dans une propriété familiale des Gallimard situé à Mirande, près de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sartilly?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sartilly">Sartilly</a>&nbsp;; puis, à l’approche des troupes allemandes, quelques membres de la direction rejoignent le Sud entre le 13 et le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1940-06-19" data-sort-value="1940-06-19">19 juin 1940</time>. Gaston Gallimard et quelques proches sont hébergés par le poète <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jo%C3%AB_Bousquet?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joë Bousquet">Joë Bousquet</a>, près de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carcassonne?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carcassonne">Carcassonne</a>, durant l’été. Il fait le choix de rentrer à Paris en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1940-10" data-sort-value="1940-10">octobre 1940</time> et engage des discussions avec les autorités allemandes, désireuses de contrôler sa maison d’édition. Alors que sa maison est mise sous scellés du <time class="nowrap" datetime="1940-11-09" data-sort-value="1940-11-09">9 novembre</time> au <time class="nowrap" datetime="1940-12-02" data-sort-value="1940-12-02">2 décembre 1940</time>, Gaston Gallimard réussit à préserver l’indépendance capitalistique et éditoriale de sa firme mais doit, en contrepartie, confier la direction de la revue <i>NRF</i> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Drieu_la_Rochelle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Drieu la Rochelle">Pierre Drieu la Rochelle</a> (1893-1945), écrivain ouvert à une collaboration active avec l’occupant<sup id="cite_ref-Fouché_24-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Fouch%C3%A9-24"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>24<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Drieu_la_Rochelle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Drieu la Rochelle">Drieu la Rochelle</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>25<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ouvre la revue à des écrits pro-allemands et la ferme aux auteurs jugés «&nbsp;indésirables&nbsp;» par l’occupant&nbsp;; exsangue, <i>La NRF</i> cesse de paraître en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Juin_1943?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Juin 1943">juin 1943</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>26<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. La totalité de l’édition parisienne est ainsi placée sous contrôle, au travers d’un dispositif de censure mise en œuvre sous la tutelle de la Propaganda-Abteilung et de l’Ambassade d’Allemagne. Dans le même temps, la résistance intellectuelle s’organise autour de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Paulhan?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Paulhan">Jean Paulhan</a> (cofondateur des <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lettres_fran%C3%A7aises?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lettres françaises">Lettres françaises</a></i> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Septembre_1942?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Septembre 1942">septembre 1942</a>), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Raymond_Queneau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Raymond Queneau">Raymond Queneau</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Camus?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a> et d’autres au sein même des éditions. Un groupe d’éditeurs (parmi lesquels figure Gaston Gallimard) tentent en 1941 de racheter les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Calmann-Levy?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Éditions Calmann-Levy">éditions Calmann-Levy</a> afin d’empêcher la mainmise de la maison par les Allemands, en vain<sup id="cite_ref-Fouché_24-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Fouch%C3%A9-24"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>24<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Malgré la censure et les difficultés d’approvisionnement en papier (la Commission de contrôle du papier est créée le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1942-04-01" data-sort-value="1942-04-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> avril 1942</time>), cette période voit émerger de grandes œuvres célébrées après-guerre avec, par exemple, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Camus?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a> (<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27%C3%89tranger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Étranger">L'Étranger</a></i> et <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Mythe_de_Sisyphe?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Mythe de Sisyphe">Le Mythe de Sisyphe</a></i>, 1942)<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>27<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a> (<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Mur_(Sartre)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Mur (Sartre)">Le Mur</a></i>, 1939, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Imaginaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Imaginaire">L'Imaginaire</a></i>, 1940, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27%C3%8Atre_et_le_N%C3%A9ant?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Être et le Néant">L'Être et le Néant</a></i>, 1943)<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>28<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maurice_Blanchot?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maurice Blanchot">Maurice Blanchot</a> (<i>Thomas l’Obscur</i>, 1941). Gallimard publie également des traductions de l’allemand (des classiques, majoritairement, dont <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a>). Il refuse le pamphlet de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lucien_Rebatet?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lucien Rebatet">Lucien Rebatet</a> <i>Décombres</i><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>29<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. À la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration_de_la_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libération de la France">Libération</a>, la revue <i>La NRF</i> est interdite par le comité d’<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89puration_%C3%A0_la_Lib%C3%A9ration_en_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Épuration à la Libération en France">épuration</a>, alors que le dossier des éditions est classé. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a> crée <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Temps_modernes_(revue)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Temps modernes (revue)">Les Temps modernes</a></i> en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1945?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1945">1945</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>30<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Paulhan?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Paulhan">Jean Paulhan</a>, <i>Les Cahiers de la Pléiade</i> en 1946<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-31"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>31<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Après-guerre"><span id="Apr.C3.A8s-guerre"></span>Après-guerre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Après-guerre" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Sortis des débats de l’épuration et forts de quelques grands succès de librairie (<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Autant_en_emporte_le_vent?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Autant en emporte le vent">Autant en emporte le vent</a></i>, 1939&nbsp;; <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Petit_Prince?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Petit Prince">Le Petit Prince</a></i>, 1946), les frères Gallimard et leurs fils Claude (fils de Gaston, né le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1914-01-10" data-sort-value="1914-01-10">10 janvier 1914</time>) et Michel (fils de Raymond, né le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1917-02-18" data-sort-value="1917-02-18">18 février 1917</time>) —&nbsp;respectivement entrés dans l’entreprise familiale le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1937-10-04" data-sort-value="1937-10-04">4 octobre 1937</time> et le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1941-02-01" data-sort-value="1941-02-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> février 1941</time>&nbsp;— ont la volonté de donner un nouvel élan à une maison qui occupe depuis l’entre-deux-guerres une place de premier ordre dans la vie littéraire et intellectuelle française. Ils confient à quelques auteurs proches d’importantes responsabilités éditoriales&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Camus?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a> (collection «&nbsp;Espoir&nbsp;», 1946), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a> («&nbsp;Bibliothèque de philosophie&nbsp;» avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maurice_Merleau-Ponty?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maurice Merleau-Ponty">Maurice Merleau-Ponty</a>, 1950), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roger_Caillois?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roger Caillois">Roger Caillois</a> («&nbsp;La Croix du Sud&nbsp;», 1952), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Lemarchand?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Lemarchand">Jacques Lemarchand</a> («&nbsp;Le Manteau d’Arlequin&nbsp;», 1955), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis_Aragon?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis Aragon">Louis Aragon</a> («&nbsp;Littératures soviétiques&nbsp;», 1956), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Raymond_Queneau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Raymond Queneau">Raymond Queneau</a> («&nbsp;L’Encyclopédie de la Pléiade&nbsp;», 1956), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Malraux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Malraux">André Malraux</a> («&nbsp;L’Univers des formes&nbsp;», 1960) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Leiris?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Leiris">Michel Leiris</a> qui poursuit l’animation de «&nbsp;L’Espèce humaine&nbsp;»<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-32"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>32<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Paulhan?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Paulhan">Jean Paulhan</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Arland?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Arland">Marcel Arland</a>, assistés de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dominique_Aury?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dominique Aury">Dominique Aury</a>, font reparaître en 1953 la revue <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Nouvelle_Revue_fran%C3%A7aise?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Nouvelle Revue française">La Nouvelle Revue française</a></i> (<i>La NRF</i>) sous le titre <i>La Nouvelle NRF</i>. La revue s’ouvre aussi bien aux écrivains de la Résistance qu’aux auteurs ayant figuré dans les listes noires de l’épuration (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis-Ferdinand_C%C3%A9line?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis-Ferdinand Céline">Céline</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Jouhandeau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Jouhandeau">Marcel Jouhandeau</a>…)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>33<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Gaston Gallimard négocie par ailleurs au début des années 1950 un accord général avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Louis-Ferdinand_C%C3%A9line?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Louis-Ferdinand Céline">Louis-Ferdinand Céline</a> (précédemment publié aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Deno%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Denoël">éditions Denoël</a>) afin d’exploiter son œuvre passée et à venir<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>34<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, ainsi qu’un contrat général avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_de_Montherlant?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henry de Montherlant">Henry de Montherlant</a>, ancien auteur des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Bernard_Grasset?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Éditions Bernard Grasset">éditions Bernard Grasset</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>35<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>L’activité croit dans les années 1950 et 1960, notamment autour de nouvelles collections comme la «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9rie_noire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Série noire">Série noire</a>&nbsp;» créée par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Duhamel?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Duhamel">Marcel Duhamel</a> en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1945-09" data-sort-value="1945-09">septembre 1945</time><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>36<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ou «&nbsp;Le Chemin&nbsp;», fondée en 1959 par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georges_Lambrichs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georges Lambrichs">Georges Lambrichs</a>, ancien éditeur chez Grasset et aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_de_Minuit?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Éditions de Minuit">éditions de Minuit</a>. Georges Lambrichs publie dans sa collection en 1963 <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Proc%C3%A8s-verbal?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Procès-verbal">Le Procès-verbal</a></i>, premier livre de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J._M._G._Le_Cl%C3%A9zio?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="J. M. G. Le Clézio">J. M. G. Le Clézio</a>&nbsp;; il sera également l’éditeur de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Butor?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Butor">Michel Butor</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Starobinski?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Starobinski">Jean Starobinski</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georges_Perros?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georges Perros">Georges Perros</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Deguy?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Deguy">Michel Deguy</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Guyotat?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Guyotat">Pierre Guyotat</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Chaillou?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Chaillou">Michel Chaillou</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_R%C3%A9da?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Réda">Jacques Réda</a>… De nouveaux écrivains émergent&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marguerite_Yourcenar?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marguerite Yourcenar">Marguerite Yourcenar</a>, entrée au catalogue dès 1938 avec <i>Nouvelles orientales</i>&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marguerite_Duras?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marguerite Duras">Marguerite Duras</a> en 1944&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Pr%C3%A9vert?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Prévert">Jacques Prévert</a> en 1949 avec le rachat des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_du_Point_du_Jour&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Éditions du Point du Jour (page inexistante)">éditions du Point du Jour</a>&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Genet?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Genet">Jean Genet</a> en 1949&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ionesco?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eugène Ionesco">Eugène Ionesco</a> en 1954&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Tournier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Tournier">Michel Tournier</a> en 1967, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patrick_Modiano?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patrick Modiano">Patrick Modiano</a> en 1968… et, pour l’étranger, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henry_Miller?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henry Miller">Henry Miller</a> (1945), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a> (1951), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boris_Pasternak?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boris Pasternak">Boris Pasternak</a> (1958), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jack_Kerouac?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jack Kerouac">Jack Kerouac</a> (1960), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yukio_Mishima?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yukio Mishima">Yukio Mishima</a> (1961), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Styron?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Styron">William Styron</a> (1962) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philip_Roth?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth</a> (1962), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julio_Cort%C3%A1zar?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julio Cortázar">Julio Cortázar</a> (1963), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_Bernhard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas Bernhard">Thomas Bernhard</a> (1967), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Milan_Kundera?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Milan Kundera">Milan Kundera</a> (<i>La Plaisanterie</i>, 1968), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Kalisky?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="René Kalisky">René Kalisky</a> (Trotsky, etc., 1969), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peter_Handke?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a> (1969)…<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>37<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>L’exploitation du fonds représente à cette époque une part de plus en plus importante de l’activité de la maison d’édition, au travers d’une collection comme «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_de_la_Pl%C3%A9iade?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque de la Pléiade">La Pléiade</a>&nbsp;», mais aussi la parution de nombreux titres de la NRF dans le «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Livre_de_poche?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Livre de poche">Livre de poche</a>&nbsp;» (LGF/<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hachette_Livre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hachette Livre">Hachette</a>) ou dans les collections «&nbsp;Idées&nbsp;» (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1962?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1962">1962</a>) et «&nbsp;Poésie&nbsp;»<sup id="cite_ref-coll.Poesie_3-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-coll.Poesie-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (1966)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>38<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Éditeur historique de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a> et de Merleau-Ponty, la maison d'édition accueille aussi au début des années 1960 <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Foucault?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Foucault">Michel Foucault</a> et contribue, par là, à l’émergence du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Structuralisme?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Structuralisme">structuralisme</a> dans les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sciences_humaines?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sciences humaines">sciences humaines</a>. Trois éditeurs chez Gallimard développent ce secteur, marqué en particulier par l’essor de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nouvelle_histoire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nouvelle histoire">nouvelle histoire</a> et le renouveau de la critique&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Erval?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François Erval">François Erval</a>, avec le lancement en 1962 d’une collection d’essais au format de poche, «&nbsp;Idées&nbsp;»&nbsp;; le philosophe et psychanalyste <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Bertrand_Pontalis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Bertrand Pontalis">Jean-Bertrand Pontalis</a>, responsable de la collection «&nbsp;Connaissance de l’inconscient&nbsp;» (1966)&nbsp;; et le jeune historien <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Nora?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Nora">Pierre Nora</a>, auquel Claude Gallimard confie en 1966 le développement du secteur «&nbsp;non fiction&nbsp;»&nbsp;: il crée la «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Biblioth%C3%A8que_des_Sciences_humaines&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bibliothèque des Sciences humaines (page inexistante)">Bibliothèque des Sciences humaines</a>&nbsp;», suivie en 1971 par la «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_des_histoires?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque des histoires">Bibliothèque des histoires</a>&nbsp;», ainsi que la collection de documents «&nbsp;Témoins&nbsp;»<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-39"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>39<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>C’est enfin un groupe éditorial qui prend forme dans les années 1950, avec l’acquisition&nbsp;:</p> <ul> <li>de Tel (éditeur de livres d'art) en 1949&nbsp;;</li> <li>des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Deno%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Denoël">Éditions Denoël</a> en 1951&nbsp;;</li> <li>des éditions de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Table_Ronde?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="La Table Ronde">La Table Ronde</a> en 1957&nbsp;;</li> <li>des éditions du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mercure_de_France_(maison_d%27%C3%A9dition)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mercure de France (maison d'édition)">Mercure de France</a> en 1958, bientôt dirigé par <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Simone_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Simone Gallimard">Simone Gallimard</a>, première épouse de Claude Gallimard<sup id="cite_ref-LesEchos_6-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-LesEchos-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> <p>La maison prend une ampleur nouvelle dans ces années. L’immeuble de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_S%C3%A9bastien-Bottin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue Sébastien-Bottin">rue Sébastien-Bottin</a> est rehaussé de deux étages en 1963.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Développement_du_groupe_Gallimard"><span id="D.C3.A9veloppement_du_groupe_Gallimard"></span>Développement du groupe Gallimard</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Développement du groupe Gallimard" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Claude Gallimard, qui seconde son père depuis l’après-guerre, mène de front trois grands projets. Le premier est la mise en place d’outils de diffusion et de distribution à la suite de la rupture du contrat commercial qui liait Gallimard et Hachette depuis 1932. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hachette_Livre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hachette Livre">Hachette</a> a en effet développé son propre groupe d’édition, via des acquisitions de maisons directement concurrentes de Gallimard. Claude Gallimard rompt avec Hachette en 1970 et met sur pied, <i>ex nihilo</i>, sa propre structure de distribution (SODIS, 1971, à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lagny-sur-Marne?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lagny-sur-Marne">Lagny-sur-Marne</a>). Des équipes de vente sont alors créées pour diffuser en librairie le catalogue Gallimard, tandis que le CDE (1974) prend en charge les filiales d’édition (1974)<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>40<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ce dispositif est renforcé en 1983 par la création de FED puis par le rachat au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_Bayard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe Bayard">groupe Bayard</a> de la société de diffusion Sofédis (2010)<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-41"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>41<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>La rupture avec Hachette a pour conséquence le retrait par Gallimard des ouvrages de son fonds exploités en seconde édition par «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Livre_de_poche?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Livre de poche">Le Livre de poche</a>&nbsp;» depuis 1953. Claude Gallimard lance donc, en 1972, la collection au format poche «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collection_Folio?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Collection Folio">Folio</a>&nbsp;», dont la maquette de la couverture a été élaborée par le graphiste et typographe <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Massin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Massin">Massin</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>42<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, entré aux Éditions en 1958. <span class="nowrap">500 titres</span> paraissent entre 1972 et 1973 (la collection en compte aujourd’hui plus de 5&nbsp;000). La collection Folio est bientôt déclinée en de nombreuses séries à partir du milieu des années 1980<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>43<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Source_insuffisante?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Source insuffisante">[source&nbsp;insuffisante]</a></sup>.</p> <p>L’année 1972 est marquée, enfin, par le lancement d’un département de livres pour enfants sous l’égide de l’éditeur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Marchand_(%C3%A9diteur)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Marchand (éditeur)">Pierre Marchand</a> (1939-2002). <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gallimard_Jeunesse?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gallimard Jeunesse">Gallimard Jeunesse</a> (qui devient une filiale autonome en 1991) est inauguré par une collection de grands classiques pour enfants, «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1000_Soleils?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1000 Soleils">1000 Soleils</a>&nbsp;», suivie en 1977 par «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Folio_Junior?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Folio Junior">Folio Junior</a>&nbsp;» (première collection de livres au format poche pour le jeune public) et «&nbsp;Enfantimages&nbsp;» en 1978. Le fonds littéraire et les auteurs de la maison-mère sont largement sollicités (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roald_Dahl?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roald Dahl">Roald Dahl</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Claude_Roy_(%C3%A9crivain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Claude Roy (écrivain)">Claude Roy</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_Bosco?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri Bosco">Henri Bosco</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Aym%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Aymé">Marcel Aymé</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marguerite_Yourcenar?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marguerite Yourcenar">Marguerite Yourcenar</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Tournier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Tournier">Michel Tournier</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J._M._G._Le_Cl%C3%A9zio?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="J. M. G. Le Clézio">J. M. G. Le Clézio</a>…) mais le département est également très ouvert aux productions anglo-saxonnes&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Elie_Ferrier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Elie Ferrier">Pef</a>, l’inventeur de <i>Motordu</i> (1980), est l’un des premiers grands auteurs français pour la jeunesse révélés par Gallimard Jeunesse<sup id="cite_ref-CerisierDesse_18-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-CerisierDesse-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Le documentaire n’est pas en reste avec la gamme «&nbsp;Découvertes&nbsp;» (1983), «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9couvertes_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Découvertes Gallimard">Découvertes Gallimard</a>&nbsp;» (1986) et «&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Yeux_de_la_D%C3%A9couverte_(collection)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Yeux de la Découverte (collection)">Les Yeux de la Découverte</a>&nbsp;», en partenariat avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dorling_Kindersley?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dorling Kindersley">Dorling Kindersley</a> (1987). Les innovations techniques et éditoriales dues à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Marchand_(%C3%A9diteur)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Marchand (éditeur)">Pierre Marchand</a> inspirent également la création d’une ligne de guides touristiques documentaires («&nbsp;Encyclopédies du voyage&nbsp;») en 1992, première réalisation d’un secteur «&nbsp;voyages&nbsp;» développé jusqu’à aujourd’hui («&nbsp;Géoguides&nbsp;», «&nbsp;Cartoville&nbsp;»…)</p> <p>Claude Gallimard se mobilise par ailleurs, à l’instar de son confrère <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Lindon?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jérôme Lindon">Jérôme Lindon</a> (1925-2001), directeur des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_de_Minuit?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Éditions de Minuit">éditions de Minuit</a>, dans le combat contre la censure d’État, notamment lors de l’affaire de la publication d’<i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eden_Eden_Eden?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Eden Eden Eden">Eden Eden Eden</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Guyotat?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Guyotat">Pierre Guyotat</a> («&nbsp;Le Chemin&nbsp;», 1970), d’abord refusé par la maison, puis paru avec trois préfaces de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roland_Barthes?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roland Barthes">Roland Barthes</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_Sollers?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippe Sollers">Philippe Sollers</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Leiris?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Leiris">Michel Leiris</a><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>44<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Par ailleurs, Claude Gallimard sera l'éditeur français de <i>Docteur Jivago</i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boris_Pasternak?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Boris Pasternak">Boris Pasternak</a> (1958), de <i>Lolita</i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vladimir_Nabokov?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vladimir Nabokov">Vladimir Nabokov</a> (1959) et du <i>Festin nu</i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Burroughs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="William Burroughs">William Burroughs</a> (1964). Il s’implique également dans les débats sur la politique du prix du livre, exprimant en un premier temps des réticences à l’égard du modèle du prix unique, finalement adopté par le législateur au titre de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Loi_Lang?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Loi Lang">loi Lang</a> en 1981.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap date-lien" datetime="1976-01-15" data-sort-value="1976-01-15"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/15_janvier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="15 janvier">15</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Janvier_1976?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Janvier 1976">janvier</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1976_en_litt%C3%A9rature?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1976 en littérature">1976</a></time>, à la suite du décès de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaston_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaston Gallimard">Gaston Gallimard</a> le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1975-12-25" data-sort-value="1975-12-25">25 décembre 1975</time>, Claude Gallimard devient président des éditions.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Des_années_1980_à_aujourd'hui"><span id="Des_ann.C3.A9es_1980_.C3.A0_aujourd.27hui"></span>Des années 1980 à aujourd'hui</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Des années 1980 à aujourd'hui" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG/220px-%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2490" data-file-height="1866"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG/220px-%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG/330px-%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG/440px-%C3%89ditions_Gallimard-NRF.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> Locaux des éditions au <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&nbsp;5 <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_S%C3%A9bastien-Bottin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue Sébastien-Bottin">rue Sébastien-Bottin</a>, devenue en 2011 la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_Gaston-Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue Gaston-Gallimard">rue Gaston-Gallimard</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Claude Gallimard, désireux d'assurer la perpétuation familiale du groupe, fait entrer ses quatre enfants dans l’entreprise. Après l'éviction de son fils aîné <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christian_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christian Gallimard">Christian</a> (1984), il fait de son fils cadet <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine Gallimard">Antoine</a> son successeur. Ce dernier se voit confier la présidence de la société au printemps 1988. Il parvient, à l’issue d’une délicate période de succession et de conflit familial précédant et suivant la mort de son père le <time class="nowrap" datetime="1991-04-29" data-sort-value="1991-04-29">29 avril 1991</time>, à en préserver l’indépendance<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-45"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>45<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, tout en l’ouvrant, pour la première fois de son histoire, à des capitaux extérieurs, avec l’aide de la BNP. Antoine Gallimard stabilise la situation au travers de la création d’une société holding (Madrigall<sup id="cite_ref-LesEchos_6-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-LesEchos-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>), avec le soutien de ses proches, dont sa sœur Isabelle Gallimard, son cousin Robert Gallimard et Muriel Toso, fille d’Emmanuel Couvreux. Grâce aux succès de vente et à des efforts continus de rationalisation des activités du groupe, les parts des actionnaires extérieurs entrés au capital de la maison familiale (Einaudi, Havas, BNP et actionnaires minoritaires…) sont reclassées de 1996 à 2003<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>46<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Grâce à une équipe d’éditeurs et de lecteurs (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roger_Grenier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roger Grenier">Roger Grenier</a>, 1971&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pascal_Quignard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pascal Quignard">Pascal Quignard</a>, 1977-1994&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hector_Bianciotti?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hector Bianciotti">Hector Bianciotti</a>, 1983&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_R%C3%A9da?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Réda">Jacques Réda</a>, 1983&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_Sollers?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippe Sollers">Philippe Sollers</a>, 1989&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Marie_Laclavetine?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Marie Laclavetine">Jean-Marie Laclavetine</a>, 1989&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bernard_Lortholary?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bernard Lortholary">Bernard Lortholary</a>, 1989-2005&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Teresa_Cremisi?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Teresa Cremisi">Teresa Cremisi</a>, 1989-2005&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Continents_noirs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Continents noirs">Jean-Noël Schifano</a>, 1999&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guy_Goffette?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guy Goffette">Guy Goffette</a>, 2000&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christian_Giudicelli?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christian Giudicelli">Christian Giudicelli</a>, 2004&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Richard_Millet?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Richard Millet">Richard Millet</a>, 2004-2012&nbsp;; <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christine_Jordis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christine Jordis">Christine Jordis</a>, 2006,&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr>), les éditions Gallimard maintiennent le cap éditorial d’une maison littéraire, inscrite dans la vie des idées («&nbsp;NRF Essais&nbsp;» d’Éric Vigne, 1988), ouverte à l’international et s'appuyant sur son fonds, avec, notamment, les collections «&nbsp;Folio&nbsp;», «&nbsp;L’Imaginaire&nbsp;», la «&nbsp;Pléiade&nbsp;» et «&nbsp;Quarto&nbsp;». Cette période voit par ailleurs l’émergence du phénomène des best-sellers dans l’édition française<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-47"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>47<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, avec, pour Gallimard, d’extraordinaires succès de librairies – de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Daniel_Pennac?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Daniel Pennac">Daniel Pennac</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jonathan_Littell?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jonathan Littell">Jonathan Littell</a>, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_Delerm?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippe Delerm">Philippe Delerm</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Muriel_Barbery?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Muriel Barbery">Muriel Barbery</a>, sans oublier <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harry_Potter?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harry Potter">Harry Potter</a></i> de <span class="nowrap"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J._K._Rowling?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="J. K. Rowling">J. K. Rowling</a></span>. Les sept tomes de la saga <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harry_Potter?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harry Potter">Harry Potter</a></i> comptent, en 2011, <span class="nowrap">26&nbsp;millions</span> d'exemplaires vendus en France, suivis par ceux d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Camus?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a> (<span class="nowrap">29&nbsp;millions</span> de volumes depuis 1941, notamment <span class="nowrap">10,03 millions</span> d'exemplaires de <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27%C3%89tranger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Étranger">L'Étranger</a></i>) et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_de_Saint-Exup%C3%A9ry?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine de Saint-Exupéry">Antoine de Saint-Exupéry</a> (<span class="nowrap">26,3&nbsp;millions</span> de vente, y compris <span class="nowrap">13,09 millions</span> du <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Petit_Prince?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Petit Prince">Petit Prince</a></i>, sa vedette)<sup id="cite_ref-LesEchos_6-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-LesEchos-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Peu à peu, le groupe accueille de nouvelles enseignes éditoriales, à l’image de Giboulées, Le Promeneur, L’Arpenteur, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/POL_%C3%A9diteur?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="POL éditeur">POL</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jo%C3%ABlle_Losfeld?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joëlle Losfeld">Joëlle Losfeld</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Verticales?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Verticales">Verticales</a>, Alternatives, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Futuropolis_(maison_d%27%C3%A9dition)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Futuropolis (maison d'édition)">Futuropolis</a> ou les Grandes Personnes. De nouvelles collections sont créées, à l’image de «&nbsp;Continents noirs&nbsp;», «&nbsp;Bleu de Chine&nbsp;» ou encore «&nbsp;Le Sentiment géographique&nbsp;», en hommage à Michel Chaillou. Des développements sont lancés dans le secteur des livres lus («&nbsp;Ecoutez lire&nbsp;»), de la musique, de la bande dessinée (Bayou avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joann_Sfar?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joann Sfar">Joann Sfar</a>, Futuropolis)…</p> <p>Antoine Gallimard est élu président du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Syndicat_national_de_l%27%C3%A9dition?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Syndicat national de l'édition">SNE</a> (Syndicat national de l’édition) en 2010. Il se prononce notamment en faveur d’une régulation équilibrée du marché du livre numérique et d’une adaptation progressive des cadres existants, dans le but de permettre à une offre légale et attractive de se développer auprès d’une pluralité de revendeurs&nbsp;: loi sur le prix du livre (loi du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-05-28" data-sort-value="2011-05-28">28 mai 2011</time>), adoption du taux réduit de TVA, réflexion sur l’exploitation numérique des œuvres indisponibles du vingtième siècle, adaptation du contrat d’édition<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>48<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>49<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, etc.</p> <p><span class="need_ref" title="Une source est souhaitée pour ce passage." style="cursor:help;">Le groupe Gallimard crée en 2009, en association avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_Flammarion?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe Flammarion">Flammarion</a> et La Martinière, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eden_Livres?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eden Livres">Eden Livres</a>, une plateforme de distribution numérique, permettant à des revendeurs (libraires, opérateurs) de relayer son catalogue numérique de nouveautés et de titres du fonds. Cette activité reste toutefois encore très marginale en 2011</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[<abbr class="abbr" title="référence">réf.</abbr>&nbsp;souhaitée]</a></sup>. À l’occasion des commémorations du centenaire de la fondation de la maison d’édition, la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_S%C3%A9bastien_Bottin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Rue Sébastien Bottin">rue Sébastien Bottin</a> – siège de Gallimard depuis 1929 – est renommée <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_Gaston-Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue Gaston-Gallimard">rue Gaston-Gallimard</a> le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-06-15" data-sort-value="2011-06-15">15 juin 2011</time> sur décision du conseil de la Ville de Paris<sup id="cite_ref-express_23-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-express-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-06-26" data-sort-value="2012-06-26">26 juin 2012</time>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/RCS_MediaGroup?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="RCS MediaGroup">RCS MediaGroup</a> accepte de vendre le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_Flammarion?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe Flammarion">groupe Flammarion</a> au groupe Gallimard (Madrigall) pour un montant de <span class="nowrap">251 millions</span> d'euros<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>50<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>En <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-10" data-sort-value="2013-10">octobre 2013</time>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/LVMH?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="LVMH">LVMH</a> prend une participation de 9,5&nbsp;% dans Gallimard<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>51<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>En 2019, les éditions Gallimard lancent la collection «&nbsp;Tracts&nbsp;» qui propose des essais court à prix modique<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-52"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>52<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En janvier 2022, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_%C3%89ditions_de_minuit?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Éditions de minuit">les Éditions de minuit</a> intègrent le groupe Madrigall<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>53<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Collections_et_filiales">Collections et filiales</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Collections et filiales" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Les principales collections et maisons d'édition rattachées (actives ou arrêtées)<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>54<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> de Gallimard sont&nbsp;:</p> <div style="column-width:24em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collection_Blanche_(Gallimard)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Collection Blanche (Gallimard)">Blanche</a><sup id="cite_ref-coll.Blanche_2-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-coll.Blanche-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (1911)</li> <li>Une œuvre, un portrait (1921-1947)</li> <li>Les Documents bleus (1923-1935)</li> <li>Les Chefs-d'œuvre du roman d'aventures (1925-1933)</li> <li>Vies des hommes illustres (1925)</li> <li>Bibliothèque des idées (1927)</li> <li>Hors-série connaissance (1927)<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-55"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>55<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Galerie pittoresque (1927)</li> <li>Les Essais (1931)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Du_monde_entier_(collection)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Du monde entier (collection)">Du monde entier</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_de_la_Pl%C3%A9iade?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque de la Pléiade">Bibliothèque de la Pléiade</a> (1931&nbsp;; 1933 chez Gallimard)</li> <li>Leurs figures (1934)</li> <li>La renaissance de la nouvelle (1934-1940)</li> <li>Livres d'art (1935)<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-56"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>56<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Scarab%C3%A9e_d%27or_(collection)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Scarabée d'or (collection)">Le Scarabée d'or</a> (1936-1941)</li> <li>Métamorphoses (1937-1959)</li> <li>L’Espèce humaine (1937)</li> <li>La Montagne Sainte-Geneviève (1941)</li> <li>La Suite des temps (1941)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cartonnages_de_la_NRF?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cartonnages de la NRF">Reliures d'éditeur illustrées</a> (1941-1967)</li> <li>La Jeune philosophie (1945)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9rie_noire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Série noire">Série noire</a> (1945)</li> <li>Espoir (1945)</li> <li>Le Point du jour (1949)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9rie_bl%C3%AAme?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Série blême">Série blême</a> (1949-1951)</li> <li>Bibliothèque de philosophie (1950)</li> <li>L'Air du temps (1951)</li> <li>La Croix du Sud (1952)</li> <li>Le Rayon fantastique (1952)</li> <li>Le Manteau d'Arlequin (1955)</li> <li>Albums Beaux Livres (1955)<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-57"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>57<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Connaissance_de_l%27Orient?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Connaissance de l'Orient">Connaissance de l'Orient</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collection_Soleil_(Gallimard)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Collection Soleil (Gallimard)">Collection Soleil</a> (1956)</li> <li>Pour la musique (1957)</li> <li>La Bibliothèque idéale (1958)</li> <li>Le Chemin (1959)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trente_Journ%C3%A9es_qui_ont_fait_la_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Trente Journées qui ont fait la France">Trente Journées qui ont fait la France</a> (1959)</li> <li>L'Univers des formes (1960-1997)</li> <li>Idées (1962)<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-58"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>58<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>La Bibliothèque blanche (1965)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Po%C3%A9sie_(Gallimard)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Poésie (Gallimard)">Poésie</a><sup id="cite_ref-coll.Poesie_3-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-coll.Poesie-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (1966)</li> <li>Connaissance de l'inconscient (1966)</li> <li>Bibliothèque des sciences humaines (1966)</li> <li>Témoins (1966)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Poche_noire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Poche noire">La Poche noire</a> (1967-1971)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_des_histoires?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque des histoires">Bibliothèque des histoires</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Carr%C3%A9_noir?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Carré noir">Carré noir</a> (1971-1988)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Folio_(Gallimard)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Folio (Gallimard)">Folio</a> (1972), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Folio_Junior?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Folio Junior">Folio Junior</a> (1978), Folio essais (1985), Folio histoire (1985), Folio actuel (1985), Folio bilingue (1990), Foliothèque (1991), Folio théâtre (1993), Folio classique (1994), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Folio_policier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Folio policier">Folio policier</a> (1998), Folio plus (1998), Folioplus classiques (2003), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Folio_SF?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Folio SF">Folio SF</a> (2000), Folio documents (2002), Folio 2&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="euro">€</abbr> (2002), Folio biographies (2005), Folioplus philosophie (2006), Folio cinéma (2009)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1000_Soleils?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1000 Soleils">1000 Soleils</a> (1973-1993)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Super_noire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Super noire">Super noire</a> (1974-1979)</li> <li>Tel (1976)</li> <li>L'Imaginaire (1977)</li> <li>Arcades (1985)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9couvertes_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Découvertes Gallimard">Découvertes Gallimard</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Infini_(revue)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Infini (revue)">L'Infini</a> (1983&nbsp;; 1987 chez Gallimard)</li> <li>NRF biographies (1988)</li> <li>NRF essais (1988)</li> <li>L'Arpenteur (1988)</li> <li>L'Un et l'Autre (1989)</li> <li>Les Presses d'aujourd'hui (1989)</li> <li>L'Aube des peuples (1990)</li> <li>Le Débat (1990)</li> <li>Le Cabinet des lettrés (1990)</li> <li>L'Étrangère (1991-1999&nbsp;; réintégrée dans «&nbsp;L'Imaginaire&nbsp;»)<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-59"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>59<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Le Promeneur (1991)</li> <li>Art et artistes (1991)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Noire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Noire">La Noire</a> (1992)</li> <li>Les Cahiers de la NRF (1992)</li> <li>Haute Enfance (1993)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Futuropolis_(maison_d%27%C3%A9dition)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Futuropolis (maison d'édition)">Futuropolis</a> (1972&nbsp;; 1994 chez Gallimard, actif depuis 2004)</li> <li>Françoise Dolto (1994)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Digraphe_(revue)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Digraphe (revue)">Digraphe</a> (1994-1994)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Quarto_(collection)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Quarto (collection)">Quarto</a> (1995)</li> <li>Maîtres de l'art (1995)</li> <li>Le Temps des images (1996)</li> <li>La Bibliothèque Gallimard (1998)</li> <li>À voix haute (1998)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Arbal%C3%A8te_(%C3%A9ditions)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Arbalète (éditions)">L'Arbalète</a> (1940&nbsp;; 2000 chez Gallimard)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Continents_noirs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Continents noirs">Continents noirs</a> (2000)</li> <li>Joëlle Losfeld (1985&nbsp;; 2003 chez Gallimard)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Verticales?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Verticales">Éditions Verticales</a> (1997&nbsp;; 2005 chez Gallimard)</li> <li>L'Esprit de la cité (2005)</li> <li>Écoutez lire (2004)</li> <li>Les Journées qui ont fait la France (2004)</li> <li>Les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Alternatives?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Alternatives">Éditions Alternatives</a></li> <li>Témoins de l'art (2009)</li> <li>Le Sentiment géographique (2010)</li> <li>Bleu de Chine (2010)</li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Principales_revues">Principales revues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Principales revues" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div style="column-width:24em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Nouvelle_Revue_fran%C3%A7aise?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Nouvelle Revue française">La Nouvelle Revue française</a></i> (1909)</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Revue_musicale?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Revue musicale">La Revue musicale</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i>La Revue juive</i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Revue_du_cin%C3%A9ma_(1928-1949)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Revue du cinéma (1928-1949)">La Revue du cinéma</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Temps_modernes_(revue)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Temps modernes (revue)">Les Temps modernes</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i>Les Cahiers de la Pléiade</i> (1946)</li> <li><i>L'Art brut</i> (1914)</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diog%C3%A8ne_(revue)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diogène (revue)">Diogène</a></i> (1952)</li> <li><i>Cahiers Renaud-Barrault</i> (1963)</li> <li><i>Les Cahiers du Chemin</i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nouvelle_Revue_de_Psychanalyse?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nouvelle Revue de Psychanalyse">Nouvelle Revue de Psychanalyse</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9bat?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Débat">Le Débat</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Infini_(collection)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Infini (collection)">L'Infini</a></i> (1982)</li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Groupe_Gallimard">Groupe Gallimard</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Groupe Gallimard" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div style="column-width:24em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul> <li>Les filiales d'édition&nbsp;: <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Deno%C3%ABl?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Denoël">Éditions Denoël</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mercure_de_France_(maison_d%27%C3%A9dition)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mercure de France (maison d'édition)">Les Éditions du Mercure de France</a></li> <li>Gallimard Loisirs<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-60"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>60<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gallimard_Jeunesse?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gallimard Jeunesse">Gallimard Jeunesse</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-61"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>61<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Phase Deux (ex Verticales)</li> <li>Joëlle Losfeld</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/POL_%C3%A9diteur?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="POL éditeur">P.O.L.</a> (85&nbsp;%)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Table_Ronde?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="La Table Ronde">La Table Ronde</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Alternatives?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Alternatives">Éditions Alternatives</a></li> <li>Éditions Foliade (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belgique?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belgique">Belgique</a>)</li> <li>Éditions des Cinq Frontières (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suisse?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suisse">Suisse</a>)</li> <li>Gallimard Limitée (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canada?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Canada">Canada</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Futuropolis_(%C3%A9diteur)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Futuropolis (éditeur)">Futuropolis</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_Flammarion?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe Flammarion">Flammarion</a> (dont <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Casterman?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Casterman">Casterman</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fluide_glacial?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fluide glacial">Fluide glacial</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_%C3%89ditions_de_minuit?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Éditions de minuit">Les Éditions de minuit</a></li> </ul></li> <li>Les librairies&nbsp;: <ul> <li>Le Divan (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paris?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paris">Paris</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-62"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>62<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Librairie Kléber (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Strasbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>)</li> <li>Librairie de la Presqu'île<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-63"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>63<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Strasbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-64"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>64<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Librairie Gallimard du Monde entier (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Strasbourg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>)</li> <li>Librairie Delamain (Paris)</li> <li>Librairie Gallimard (Paris)<sup id="cite_ref-Les_plus_belles_librairies_du_monde_65-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Les_plus_belles_librairies_du_monde-65"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>65<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Librairie Gallimard (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Montr%C3%A9al?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Montréal">Montréal</a>)</li> <li>Librairie de Paris (Paris)<sup id="cite_ref-Les_plus_belles_librairies_du_monde_65-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Les_plus_belles_librairies_du_monde-65"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>65<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hall_du_Livre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hall du Livre">Hall du Livre</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nancy?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nancy">Nancy</a>)</li> </ul></li> <li>Diffusion&nbsp;: <ul> <li>CDE, Sofédis</li> </ul></li> <li>Distribution&nbsp;: <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sodis_(distribution)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sodis (distribution)">SODIS</a></li> <li>SOCADIS (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Canada?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Canada">Canada</a>), en partenariat avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_Flammarion?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe Flammarion">Flammarion</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Gallimard_en_chiffres">Gallimard en chiffres</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Gallimard en chiffres" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-modere"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img alt="Icône d'horloge obsolète." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg/17px-OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 17px;height: 17px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg/17px-OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg.png" data-alt="Icône d'horloge obsolète." data-width="17" data-height="17" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg/26px-OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg/34px-OOjs_UI_icon_clock-warning.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell"> <b>Cette section doit être <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Articles_%C3%A0_v%C3%A9rifier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Articles à vérifier">actualisée</a>.</b> <br> Des passages de cette section sont obsolètes ou annoncent des événements désormais passés. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:EditPage/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:EditPage/Éditions Gallimard">Améliorez-la</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Discussion:%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Discussion:Éditions Gallimard">discutez-en</a>. </div> </div> <ul> <li>1&nbsp;470&nbsp;titres publiés en 2004<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire"><span title="Ce passage nécessite une référence ; voir l'aide.">[réf.&nbsp;nécessaire]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chiffre d'affaires (en 2018)&nbsp;: <span class="nowrap">573 millions</span> d'euros<sup id="cite_ref-LesEchos_6-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-LesEchos-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Effectifs (en 2019)&nbsp;: 250 à 499<sup id="cite_ref-société_4-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence (demandé le 28&nbsp;novembre&nbsp;2022)." style="cursor:help;">Le <abbr class="abbr" title="Troisième">3<sup>e</sup></abbr>&nbsp;éditeur français, assez loin derrière <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hachette_Livre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hachette Livre">Hachette</a> (CA 2021&nbsp;: <span class="nowrap">2 598 millions</span> d'euros), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Editis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Editis">Editis</a> (CA 2021&nbsp;: <span class="nowrap">853 millions</span> d'euros).</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[réf.&nbsp;nécessaire]</a></sup></li> <li>Ses quatre plus grands succès comptent Les sept tomes de la saga <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harry_Potter?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harry Potter">Harry Potter</a></i> de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J._K._Rowling?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="J. K. Rowling">J. K. Rowling</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Petit_Prince?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Petit Prince">Le Petit Prince</a></i> d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antoine_de_Saint-Exup%C3%A9ry?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antoine de Saint-Exupéry">Antoine de Saint-Exupéry</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27%C3%89tranger?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Étranger">L'Étranger</a></i> d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Albert_Camus?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Peste?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Peste">La Peste</a> d'Albert Camus<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-66"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>66<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Principaux_prix_littéraires_obtenus"><span id="Principaux_prix_litt.C3.A9raires_obtenus"></span>Principaux prix littéraires obtenus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Principaux prix littéraires obtenus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Prix_Goncourt?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Prix Goncourt">Prix Goncourt</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-67"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>67<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;:</p> <div style="column-width:24em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul> <li>1919&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Proust?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Proust">Marcel Proust</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%80_l%27ombre_des_jeunes_filles_en_fleurs?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="À l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs">À l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs</a></i></li> <li>1923&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lucien_Fabre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lucien Fabre">Lucien Fabre</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rabevel_ou_le_Mal_des_ardents?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rabevel ou le Mal des ardents">Rabevel ou le Mal des ardents</a></i></li> <li>1924&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thierry_Sandre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thierry Sandre">Thierry Sandre</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Ch%C3%A8vrefeuille,_le_Purgatoire,_le_Chapitre_XIII?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Chèvrefeuille, le Purgatoire, le Chapitre XIII">Le Chèvrefeuille, le Purgatoire, le Chapitre XIII</a></i></li> <li>1926&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_Deberly?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri Deberly">Henri Deberly</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Supplice_de_Ph%C3%A8dre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Supplice de Phèdre">Le Supplice de Phèdre</a></i></li> <li>1927&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Maurice_Bedel?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Maurice Bedel">Maurice Bedel</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_60%C2%B0_latitude_nord?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jérôme 60° latitude nord">Jérôme 60° latitude nord</a></i></li> <li>1929&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Arland?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Arland">Marcel Arland</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Ordre_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Ordre (roman)">L'Ordre</a></i></li> <li>1932&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guy_Mazeline?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guy Mazeline">Guy Mazeline</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Loups_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Loups (roman)">Les Loups</a></i></li> <li>1933&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Malraux?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Malraux">André Malraux</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Condition_humaine?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Condition humaine">La Condition humaine</a></i></li> <li>1939&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_H%C3%A9riat?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippe Hériat">Philippe Hériat</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Enfants_g%C3%A2t%C3%A9s?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Enfants gâtés">Les Enfants gâtés</a></i></li> <li>1941&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_Pourrat?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri Pourrat">Henri Pourrat</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vent_de_Mars?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vent de Mars">Vent de Mars</a></i></li> <li>1942&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marc_Bernard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marc Bernard">Marc Bernard</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pareils_%C3%A0_des_enfants?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pareils à des enfants">Pareils à des enfants</a></i></li> <li>1943&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marius_Grout?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marius Grout">Marius Grout</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Passage_de_l%27homme?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Passage de l'homme">Passage de l'homme</a></i></li> <li>1949&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Merle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Merle">Robert Merle</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Week-end_%C3%A0_Zuydcoote_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Week-end à Zuydcoote (roman)">Week-end à Zuydcoote</a></i></li> <li>1950&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paul_Colin_(%C3%A9crivain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paul Colin (écrivain)">Paul Colin</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Jeux_sauvages?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Jeux sauvages">Les Jeux sauvages</a></i></li> <li>1952&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/B%C3%A9atrix_Beck?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Béatrix Beck">Béatrix Beck</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Morin,_pr%C3%AAtre_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Léon Morin, prêtre (roman)">Léon Morin, prêtre</a></i></li> <li>1953&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Gascar?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Gascar">Pierre Gascar</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_B%C3%AAtes?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Bêtes">Les Bêtes</a></i></li> <li>1954&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Simone de Beauvoir</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Mandarins?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Mandarins">Les Mandarins</a></i></li> <li>1956&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romain_Gary?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romain Gary">Romain Gary</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Racines_du_ciel?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Racines du ciel">Les Racines du ciel</a></i></li> <li>1957&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roger_Vailland?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roger Vailland">Roger Vailland</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Loi_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Loi (roman)">La Loi</a></i></li> <li>1958&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francis_Walder?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francis Walder">Francis Walder</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saint-Germain_ou_la_N%C3%A9gociation?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saint-Germain ou la Négociation">Saint-Germain ou la Négociation</a></i></li> <li>1961&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Cau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Cau">Jean Cau</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Piti%C3%A9_de_Dieu?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Pitié de Dieu">La Pitié de Dieu</a></i></li> <li>1962&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anna_Langfus?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anna Langfus">Anna Langfus</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Bagages_de_sable?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Bagages de sable">Les Bagages de sable</a></i></li> <li>1965&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Borel_(%C3%A9crivain)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Borel (écrivain)">Jacques Borel</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Adoration?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Adoration">L'Adoration</a></i></li> <li>1967&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Pieyre_de_Mandiargues?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Pieyre de Mandiargues">André Pieyre de Mandiargues</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Marge_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Marge (roman)">La Marge</a></i></li> <li>1969&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/F%C3%A9licien_Marceau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Félicien Marceau">Félicien Marceau</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Creezy?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Creezy">Creezy</a></i></li> <li>1970&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Tournier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Tournier">Michel Tournier</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Roi_des_aulnes_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Roi des aulnes (roman)">Le Roi des Aulnes</a></i></li> <li>1974&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pascal_Lain%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pascal Lainé">Pascal Lainé</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Dentelli%C3%A8re_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Dentellière (roman)">La Dentellière</a></i></li> <li>1978&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patrick_Modiano?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patrick Modiano">Patrick Modiano</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rue_des_Boutiques_obscures?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rue des Boutiques obscures">Rue des Boutiques obscures</a></i></li> <li>1985&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yann_Queff%C3%A9lec?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yann Queffélec">Yann Queffélec</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Noces_barbares?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Noces barbares">Les Noces barbares</a></i></li> <li>1992&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Patrick_Chamoiseau?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Patrick Chamoiseau">Patrick Chamoiseau</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Texaco?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Texaco">Texaco</a></i></li> <li>1998&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Paule_Constant?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Paule Constant">Paule Constant</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Confidence_pour_confidence?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Confidence pour confidence">Confidence pour confidence</a></i></li> <li>2000&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Schuhl?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Jacques Schuhl">Jean-Jacques Schuhl</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ingrid_Caven_(roman)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ingrid Caven (roman)">Ingrid Caven</a></i></li> <li>2001&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Christophe_Rufin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-Christophe Rufin">Jean-Christophe Rufin</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rouge_Br%C3%A9sil?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rouge Brésil">Rouge Brésil</a></i></li> <li>2006&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jonathan_Littell?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jonathan Littell">Jonathan Littell</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Bienveillantes?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Bienveillantes">Les Bienveillantes</a></i></li> <li>2009&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marie_NDiaye?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marie NDiaye">Marie NDiaye</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Trois_femmes_puissantes?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Trois femmes puissantes">Trois femmes puissantes</a></i></li> <li>2011&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexis_Jenni?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexis Jenni">Alexis Jenni</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Art_fran%C3%A7ais_de_la_guerre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Art français de la guerre">L'Art français de la guerre</a></i></li> <li>2016&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le%C3%AFla_Slimani?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Leïla Slimani">Leïla Slimani</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chanson_douce?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chanson douce">Chanson douce</a></i></li> <li>2020&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Le_Tellier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hervé Le Tellier">Hervé Le Tellier</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Anomalie?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Anomalie">L'Anomalie</a></i></li> <li>2024&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kamel_Daoud?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Kamel Daoud">Kamel Daoud</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Houris?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Houris">Houris</a></i></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Dans_la_culture">Dans la culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Dans la culture" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Musique">Musique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Musique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joan-Pau_Verdier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joan-Pau Verdier">Joan-Pau Verdier</a> mentionne les éditions Gallimard dans sa chanson en occitan «&nbsp;Soi una puta&nbsp;» de son album <i>L'Exil</i> (1974)&nbsp;: «&nbsp;ne parlons pas de mon parolier / qui est professeur de français / et qui se veut bon occitan / comme il se croit littérateur / il a peut-être pensé au Goncourt / et il se pourrait que tôt ou tard / il vienne frapper chez <b>Gallimard</b>&nbsp;»<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-68"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>68<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div class="reference-cadre" tabindex="0"> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:24em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">RCS 572 206 753.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-coll.Blanche-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-coll.Blanche_2-0">a</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-coll.Blanche_2-1">b</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-coll.Blanche_2-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Le nom de la collection est simplement «&nbsp;Blanche&nbsp;». Bien que familièrement appelée «&nbsp;la Blanche&nbsp;», son appellation bibliographique (au contraire de la <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&nbsp;«&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Noire?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Noire">La Noire</a>&nbsp;») est sans article&nbsp;: <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&nbsp;«&nbsp;Blanche&nbsp;». Voir <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/collections/blanche.htm">la page de la <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&nbsp;«&nbsp;Blanche&nbsp;»</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-coll.Poesie-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-coll.Poesie_3-0">a</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-coll.Poesie_3-1">b</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-coll.Poesie_3-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Le nom de la collection est simplement «&nbsp;Poésie&nbsp;», comme indiqué en tête («&nbsp;Collection Poésie&nbsp;») et en fin («&nbsp;Ce volume, le [énième] de la collection Poésie, […]&nbsp;») de chaque ouvrage. On voit parfois le nom erroné «&nbsp;Poésie/Gallimard&nbsp;» qui est une mauvaise interprétation de l'indication Collection/Éditeur figurant en couverture.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-société-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_4-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_4-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.societe.com/societe/editions-gallimard-572206753.html">Voir sur <i>societe.com</i>.</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Pascal Fouché et al., «&nbsp;Dictionnaire encyclopédique du Livre en trois volumes&nbsp;», éditions du Cercle de la Libraire, 2005, t.2, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&nbsp;251 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-7654-0911-0?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-7654-0911-0"><span class="nowrap">2-7654-0911-0</span></a>)</small>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-LesEchos-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-LesEchos_6-0">a</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-LesEchos_6-1">b</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-LesEchos_6-2">c</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-LesEchos_6-3">d</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-LesEchos_6-4">e</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-LesEchos_6-5">f</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Nathalie Silbert, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.lesechos.fr/entreprises-secteurs/tech-medias/actu/0201151971801.htm"><i>Gallimard, une histoire si française</i></a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_%C3%89chos?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Échos">Les Échos</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-03-04" data-sort-value="2011-03-04">4 mars 2011</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&nbsp;8.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Un premier départ avait eu lieu en novembre 1908, avec Eugène Montfort. Voir Auguste Anglès. <i>André Gide et le premier groupe de la Nouvelle Revue française. La formation du groupe et les années d’apprentissage (1890-1910)</i>. Gallimard, 1978.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-BessardBanquy-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-BessardBanquy_8-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-BessardBanquy_8-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Olivier Bessard-Banquy. «&nbsp;L’imprimerie selon Gaston Gallimard. L’art du livre dans les premiers temps de la NRF&nbsp;», dans <i>Revue française d’histoire du livre</i>, n° 132, nouvelle série, 2011.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><i>Bibliographie des Éditions de la Nouvelle Revue française</i>, Librairie Henri Vignes &amp; Éditions des Cendres, 2011.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Michel Jarrety. <i>Paul Valéry</i>, Fayard, 2008.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Pierre Assouline, <i>Gaston Gallimard. Un demi-siècle d’édition</i>, Balland, 1984.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Jean Lacouture, <i>Une adolescence du siècle</i>, Le Seuil, 1994.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">M.-F. Christout, N. Guibuert, D. Pauly. <i>Théâtre du Vieux-Colombier</i>, Éditions Norma, 1993.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Laurence Brisset. <i>La NRF de Paulhan</i>, Gallimard, 2003.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-cerisier-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-cerisier_15-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-cerisier_15-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Alban Cerisier. <i>Une histoire de La NRF</i>, Gallimard, 2009.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Julia_Strauss2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marianne_Julia_Strauss2021">Marianne Julia Strauss (<abbr class="abbr" title="traduction">trad.</abbr>&nbsp;de l'anglais), <cite class="italique">Les plus belles librairies du monde</cite>, Vanves, EPA, <time>2021</time>, 269&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-37671-231-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-37671-231-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-37671-231-2</span></a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&nbsp;266<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+plus+belles+librairies+du+monde&amp;rft.place=Vanves&amp;rft.pub=EPA&amp;rft.au=Marianne+Julia+Strauss&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.pages=266&amp;rft.tpages=269&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-37671-231-2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89ditions+Gallimard"></span></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-HistEdition4-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-HistEdition4_17-0">a</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-HistEdition4_17-1">b</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-HistEdition4_17-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><i>Histoire de l’édition française</i>, sous la dir. de Roger Chartier et Henri-Jean Martin, T. IV, Fayard-Cercle de la librairie, 1991.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-CerisierDesse-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-CerisierDesse_18-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-CerisierDesse_18-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">A. Cerisier, J. Desse, <i>De la jeunesse chez Gallimard</i>, Gallimard/Chez les libraires associés, 2007.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><small>(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>&nbsp;<span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb125694197.public">12569419</a></span>)</small></span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.editionfrancaise.com/resultat.php?nbrep%3D40%26rec%3DZed%2Bpublications%26jourdeb%3D-1%26moisdeb%3D-1%26annedeb%3D-1%26Valider.x%3D0%26Valider.y%3D0">«&nbsp;Publications ZED&nbsp;»</a>, in: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pascal_Fouch%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pascal Fouché">Pascal Fouché</a> (dir.), <i>Chronologie de l'édition française depuis 1900</i>, moteur de recherches en ligne.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Hervé Serry, «&nbsp;Un siècle de commercialisation du livre&nbsp;», dans <i>Gallimard. Un siècle d’édition</i>, Gallimard/BnF, 2011.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Joëlle Glaize (dir.) et Philippe Roussin (dir.), <i>La Bibliothèque de la Pléiade. Travail éditorial et valeur littéraire</i>, Édition des archives contemporaines, 2009.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-express-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-express_23-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-express_23-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.lexpress.fr/informations/2-gallimard-5-rue-sebastien-bottin_648825.html"><i>Gallimard 5, rue Sébastien-Bottin</i></a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/L%27Express?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="L'Express">L'Express</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2002-07-11" data-sort-value="2002-07-11">11 juillet 2002</time>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Fouché-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Fouch%C3%A9_24-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Fouch%C3%A9_24-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Pascal Fouché, <i>L’Édition française sous l’Occupation</i>, Bibliothèque de littérature française contemporaine de l’université Paris 7, 1987.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Pierre Drieu la Rochelle. <i>Journal (1939-1945) </i>, Gallimard, 1992&nbsp;; Pierre Andreu, Frédéric Grover. <i>Drieu la Rochelle</i>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hachette_Livre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hachette Livre">Hachette</a>, 1979.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-26">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">«&nbsp;Les écrivains et l’Occupation&nbsp;», <i>Le Magazine littéraire</i> n° 516, février 2012&nbsp;; Pierre Hebey. <i>La NRF des années sombres</i>, Gallimard, 1992.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-27">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Herbert R. Lottman, «&nbsp;Albert Camus&nbsp;», éditions du Seuil, 1978, 686 pages <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/2-02-005008-0?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/2-02-005008-0"><span class="nowrap">2-02-005008-0</span></a>)</small>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-28">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Denis Bertholet. <i>Sartre</i>, Plon, 2000.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-29">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Philippe_Burrin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Philippe Burrin">Philippe Burrin</a>, <i>La France à l'heure allemande 1940-1944</i>, Seuil 1995, p.336.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-30">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Anna Boschetti. <i>Sartre et Les Temps modernes</i>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_%C3%89ditions_de_Minuit?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Éditions de Minuit">Éditions de Minuit</a>, 1985.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-31">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Gisèle Sapiro, <i>La Guerre des écrivains</i>, 1940-1953, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Librairie_Arth%C3%A8me_Fayard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Librairie Arthème Fayard">Fayard</a>, 1999.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-32">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">«&nbsp;Répertoire des collections&nbsp;», dans <i>Gallimard. Un siècle d’édition</i>, éd. Gallimard/BnF, 2011.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-33">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Alban Cerisier. <i>Une histoire de la NRF</i>, éd. Gallimard, 2009.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-34">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri_Godard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri Godard">Henri Godard</a>, <i>Céline</i>, éd. Gallimard, 2011 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2070121922?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2070121922"><span class="nowrap">978-2070121922</span></a>)</small>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-35">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Philippe Alméras, <i>Montherlant, une vie en double</i>, Via Romana, 2009.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-36">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Franck Lhomeau, «&nbsp;Le véritable lancement de la Série noire&nbsp;», <i>Temps noir</i> n° 4, Joseph K., 2000.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-37">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Anne Simonin, «&nbsp;L’édition littéraire&nbsp;», dans <i>L’Édition française depuis 1945</i>, Éditions du Cercle de la librairie, 1998.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-38">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Olivier Bessard-Banquy. «&nbsp;La révolution poche&nbsp;», dans <i>L’Édition française depuis 1945</i>, Éditions du Cercle de la librairie, 1998.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-39">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">François Dosse. <i>Pierre Nora, homo historicus </i>, Perrin, 2011.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-40">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Fabrice Piault. «&nbsp;De la rationalisation à l’hyper concentration&nbsp;», dans <i>L’Édition française depuis 1945</i>, Éditions du Cercle de la librairie, 1998.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-41">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">«&nbsp;La Sofedis chez Gallimard&nbsp;: pourquoi, comment&nbsp;», dans <i>Livres Hebdo</i>, 17 septembre 2010.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-42">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><i>Massin et le livre. La typographie en jeu</i>, Ensad/Archibooks, 2007.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-43">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/collections/fiche_folioetco.htm">Site des collections</a>, sur le site de Gallimard.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-44">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Martine Poulain. «&nbsp;La censure&nbsp;», dans <i>L’Édition française depuis 1945</i>, Éditions du Cercle de la librairie, 1998.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-45">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"> <span class="ouvrage" id="Fouché1998"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pascal_Fouché1998"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pascal_Fouch%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pascal Fouché">Pascal Fouché</a> dir.), <cite class="italique">L'édition française depuis 1945</cite>, éditions du Cercle de la Libraire, <time>1998</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr>&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">84-85</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=L%27%C3%A9dition+fran%C3%A7aise+depuis+1945&amp;rft.pub=%C3%A9ditions+du+Cercle+de+la+Libraire&amp;rft.aulast=Fouch%C3%A9&amp;rft.aufirst=Pascal&amp;rft.date=1998&amp;rft.pages=84-85&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89ditions+Gallimard"></span></span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-46">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2003"><span class="noarchive">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.lesinfos.com/news25347.html"><cite style="font-style:normal; color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Gallimard a racheté les parts de ses minoritaires</cite></a>&nbsp;»<sup class="plainlinks">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.lesinfos.com/news25347.html">Archive.org</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url%3Dhttp://www.lesinfos.com/news25347.html">Wikiwix</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://archive.is/http://www.lesinfos.com/news25347.html">Archive.is</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?hl%3Dfr%26q%3Dcache:http://www.lesinfos.com/news25347.html">Google</a> • <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Projet:Correction_des_liens_externes?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#J'ai_trouv%C3%A9_un_lien_mort,_que_faire_?" title="Projet:Correction des liens externes">Que faire&nbsp;?</a>)</sup></span>, sur <span class="italique">lesinfos.com</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-01-07" data-sort-value="2003-01-07">7 janvier 2003</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-10-28" data-sort-value="2018-10-28">28 octobre 2018</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-47">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Eric Vigne. <i>Le Livre et l’éditeur</i>, Klincksieck, 2008.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-48">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">«&nbsp;Antoine Gallimard&nbsp;: un métier d’artisan&nbsp;», entretien, <i>Le Point</i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-03-17" data-sort-value="2011-03-17">17 mars 2011</time>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-49">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">«&nbsp;Gallimard, l’éditeur du siècle&nbsp;», entretien, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_Inrockuptibles?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Inrockuptibles">Les Inrockuptibles</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-05-01" data-sort-value="2011-05-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> mai 2011</time>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-50">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Agence_France-Presse?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Agence France-Presse">AFP</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2012/06/26/flammarion-va-etre-vendue-a-gallimard_1724985_3260.html">«&nbsp;Flammarion va être vendue à Gallimard&nbsp;»</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Monde?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Monde">Le Monde</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2012-06-26" data-sort-value="2012-06-26">26 juin 2012</time>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-51">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Antoine Oury, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.actualitte.com/les-maisons/antoine-gallimard-detaille-la-transition-de-flammarion-vers-madrigall-47943.htm">«&nbsp;Antoine Gallimard détaille la transition de Flammarion vers Madrigall&nbsp;»</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ActuaLitt%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ActuaLitté">ActuaLitté</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-02-03" data-sort-value="2014-02-03">3 février 2014</time>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-52">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Genecand2023"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marie-Pierre_Genecand2023">Marie-Pierre Genecand, «&nbsp;<cite style="font-style:normal">Antonio Hodgers&nbsp;: «&nbsp;Le réchauffement climatique n’induit pas la fin de l’humanité&nbsp;»</cite>&nbsp;», <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Temps_(quotidien_suisse)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Temps (quotidien suisse)">Le temps</a></i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-05-10" data-sort-value="2023-05-10">10 mai 2023</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.letemps.ch/culture/livres/antonio-hodgers-rechauffement-climatique-ninduit-fin-lhumanite">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-05-10" data-sort-value="2023-05-10">10 mai 2023</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Antonio+Hodgers+%3A+%C2%AB+Le+r%C3%A9chauffement+climatique+n%E2%80%99induit+pas+la+fin+de+l%E2%80%99humanit%C3%A9+%C2%BB&amp;rft.jtitle=Le+temps&amp;rft.aulast=Genecand&amp;rft.aufirst=Marie-Pierre&amp;rft.date=2023-05-10&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89ditions+Gallimard"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-53">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Roussel2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Frédérique_Roussel2021">Frédérique Roussel, «&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.liberation.fr/culture/livres/pour-les-editions-de-minuit-une-vente-sous-bonne-etoile-20210625_5B3ZJI62LJEETKKFC3LQZAFD44/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Pour les Éditions de minuit, une vente sous bonne étoile</cite></a>&nbsp;» <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accès limité au document"> <noscript> <img alt="Accès limité" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 9px;height: 14px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png" data-alt="Accès limité" data-width="9" data-height="14" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></span></span>, sur <span class="italique"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration_(journal)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libération (journal)">Libération</a>.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-06-25" data-sort-value="2021-06-25">25 juin 2021</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-12-11" data-sort-value="2022-12-11">11 décembre 2022</time>)</small></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-54">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Sources&nbsp;: (1) site Gallimard.fr pour les fiches du <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/collections/index2.htm">catalogue Collections</a> (ainsi que les sous-pages <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/collections/fiche_folioetco.htm">Folio 1</a> et <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/collections/fiche_folioetco02.htm">Folio 2</a>) et du <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/ecoutezlire/">sous-catalogue «&nbsp;Écoutez lire&nbsp;»</a> (en particulier le contenu de <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/ecoutezlire/fiche_tel.htm">la fiche «&nbsp;Tel&nbsp;»</a>)&nbsp;; (2) complété de <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/gallimard-cgi/Appli_catal/fs_rech_collection.pl">la recherche en ligne par collection</a> de Gallimard.fr&nbsp;; (3) complété du catalogue <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/WorldCat?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a> en ligne pour retrouver la date du premier volume des collections non documentées sur le site Gallimard (par exemple, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.worldcat.org/search?q%3Dpb%253AGallimard%2Bse%253A%2522Connaissance%2Bde%2Bl%2527Orient%2B%2522%2B1%26qt%3Dnotfound_page%26search%3DSearch">la requête «&nbsp;pb:Gallimard se:"Connaissance de l'Orient" 1&nbsp;»</a> date de 1956 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/491020270">le numéro 1 de cette collection</a>)&nbsp;; (4) recoupé du catalogue <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a> en ligne (par exemple, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34232146z/PUBLIC">notice BNF de la <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&nbsp;«&nbsp;Connaissance de l'Orient&nbsp;»</a>).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-55">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Selon <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/Gallimard-cgi/Appli_catal/vers_collec_tri.pl?collection%3D104890000%26tri%3Dnca">Collection «&nbsp;Hors série connaissance&nbsp;» par numéros croissants</a> sur <i>Gallimard.fr</i> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/JavaScript?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> requis), la plus ancienne des éditions ou rééditions dans cette collection date de 1927.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-56">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Selon <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/Gallimard-cgi/Appli_catal/vers_collec_tri.pl?collection%3D105310000%26tri%3Dnca">Collection «&nbsp;Livres d'art&nbsp;» par numéros croissants</a> sur <i>Gallimard.fr</i> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/JavaScript?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> requis), la plus ancienne des éditions ou rééditions dans cette collection date de 1935 (le plus ancien ouvrage remonte à 1927, mais pas sous cette collection).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-57">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Selon <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/Gallimard-cgi/Appli_catal/vers_collec_tri.pl?collection%3D103060000%26tri%3Dnca">Collection «&nbsp;Albums Beaux Livres&nbsp;» par numéros croissants</a> sur <i>Gallimard.fr</i> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/JavaScript?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> requis), la plus ancienne des éditions ou rééditions dans cette collection date de 1955 (le plus ancien ouvrage remonte à 1925, mais pas sous cette collection).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-58">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Une <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.publishinghistory.com/idees-nrf-gallimard.html">liste</a> des livres parus dans la collection idées a été réunie.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-59">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Entre 1991 et 1999, les traductions ne sont plus publiées dans «&nbsp;L'Imaginaire&nbsp;» mais dans «&nbsp;L'Étrangère&nbsp;» (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/collections/fiche_imaginaire.htm">fiche «&nbsp;L'Imaginaire&nbsp;» sur <i>Gallimard.fr</i></a>).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-60">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Guides touristiques Géoguide, Géoguide Coups de cœur, Carto, Cartoville, Encyclopédies du voyage, Bibliothèque du voyageur.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-61">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Créé en 1973 par Christian Gallimard, fils de Claude, et Pierre Marchand.<br> Cf. <i>Dictionnaire encyclopédique du livre</i>, éditions du Cercle de la Libraire, 2005, <abbr class="abbr" title="tome">t.</abbr>&nbsp;2, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr>&nbsp;253.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-62">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Julia_Strauss2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marianne_Julia_Strauss2021">Marianne Julia Strauss, <cite class="italique">Les plus belles librairies du monde</cite>, Vanves, EPA, <time>2021</time>, 269&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-37671-231-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-37671-231-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-37671-231-2</span></a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&nbsp;266<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+plus+belles+librairies+du+monde&amp;rft.place=Vanves&amp;rft.pub=EPA&amp;rft.au=Marianne+Julia+Strauss&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.pages=266&amp;rft.tpages=269&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-37671-231-2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89ditions+Gallimard"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-63">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://lileauxlivres.wordpress.com/lalibrairie/">Voir sur <i>lileauxlivres.wordpress.com</i>.</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-64">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2017">«&nbsp;<cite style="font-style:normal">La Presqu’île – Strasbourg</cite>&nbsp;», <i>Paie ton livre</i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-11-07" data-sort-value="2017-11-07">7 novembre 2017</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://lplibrairiemulhouse.wordpress.com/la-presquile-strasbourg/">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2018-07-13" data-sort-value="2018-07-13">13 juillet 2018</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=La+Presqu%E2%80%99%C3%AEle+%E2%80%93+Strasbourg&amp;rft.jtitle=Paie+ton+livre&amp;rft.date=2017-11-07&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89ditions+Gallimard"></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Les_plus_belles_librairies_du_monde-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Les_plus_belles_librairies_du_monde_65-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Les_plus_belles_librairies_du_monde_65-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Julia_Strauss2021"><span class="ouvrage" id="Marianne_Julia_Strauss2021">Marianne Julia Strauss, <cite class="italique">Les plus belles librairies du monde</cite>, Vanves, EPA, <time>2021</time>, 269&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-37671-231-2?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-37671-231-2"><span class="nowrap">978-2-37671-231-2</span></a>)</small>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page">p.</abbr>&nbsp;267<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Les+plus+belles+librairies+du+monde&amp;rft.place=Vanves&amp;rft.pub=EPA&amp;rft.au=Marianne+Julia+Strauss&amp;rft.date=2021&amp;rft.pages=267&amp;rft.tpages=269&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-37671-231-2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89ditions+Gallimard"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-66">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Koutchoumoff_Arman2020"><span class="ouvrage" id="Lisbeth_Koutchoumoff_Arman2020">Lisbeth Koutchoumoff Arman, «&nbsp;<cite style="font-style:normal">Camus, le virus et nous</cite>&nbsp;», <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Le_Temps_(quotidien_suisse)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Le Temps (quotidien suisse)">Le temps</a></i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-03-15" data-sort-value="2020-03-15">15 mars 2020</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.letemps.ch/culture/camus-virus">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-03-15" data-sort-value="2020-03-15">15 mars 2020</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Camus%2C+le+virus+et+nous&amp;rft.jtitle=Le+temps&amp;rft.au=Lisbeth+Koutchoumoff+Arman&amp;rft.date=2020-03-15&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%89ditions+Gallimard"></span></span></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-67">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gallimard.fr/catalog/Html/event/goncourt.htm">Liste des lauréats du prix Goncourt</a> sur le site des éditions Gallimard.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-68">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://joanpauverdier.free.fr/chansons/T_Exil.htm%23soi_una_puta"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Paroles de la chanson «&nbsp;Soi una puta&nbsp;» de Joan-Pau Verdier</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique">joanpauverdier.free.fr</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-06-23" data-sort-value="2024-06-23">23 juin 2024</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Ouvrages_généralistes"><span id="Ouvrages_g.C3.A9n.C3.A9ralistes"></span>Ouvrages généralistes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Ouvrages généralistes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>Histoire <ul> <li><i>Histoire de l’édition française</i>, sous la dir. de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Roger_Chartier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Roger Chartier">Roger Chartier</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Henri-Jean_Martin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Henri-Jean Martin">Henri-Jean Martin</a>, t. IV, Fayard-<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cercle_de_la_librairie?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cercle de la librairie">Cercle de la librairie</a>, 1991</li> <li><i>L’Édition française depuis 1945</i>, sous la dir. de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pascal_Fouch%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pascal Fouché">Pascal Fouché</a>, éditions du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cercle_de_la_librairie?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cercle de la librairie">Cercle de la librairie</a>, 1998</li> <li><i>Dictionnaire encyclopédique du livre</i>, éditions du Cercle de la librairie, 3 vol., 2002-2011</li> <li><i>Histoire de la librairie française</i>, sous la dir. de Frédérique Leblanc et Patricia Sorel, Cercle de la librairie, 2008</li> </ul></li> <li>Période de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Occupation_de_la_France_par_l%27Allemagne_pendant_la_Seconde_Guerre_mondiale?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Occupation de la France par l'Allemagne pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale">Occupation</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Paulhan?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Paulhan">Jean Paulhan</a>, <i>Lettre aux directeurs de la Résistance</i>, Éditions de Minuit, 1951</li> <li>Pascal Fouché, <i>L’Édition française sous l’Occupation</i>, 2 vol., Bibliothèque de littérature française contemporaine de l’université Paris 7, 1987</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Drieu_la_Rochelle?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Drieu la Rochelle">Pierre Drieu la Rochelle</a>, <i>Journal (1939-1945),</i> Gallimard, 1992</li> <li>Olivier Cariguel, <i>Panorama des revues littéraires sous l’Occupation (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1940-07" data-sort-value="1940-07">juillet 1940</time>-<time class="nowrap" datetime="1944-08" data-sort-value="1944-08">août 1944</time>) </i>, IMEC, 2007</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Paxton?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Paxton">Robert Paxton</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Olivier_Corpet?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Olivier Corpet">Olivier Corpet</a>, Claire Paulhan, <i>Archives de la vie littéraire sous l’Occupation</i>, IMEC, 2009</li> </ul></li> <li>Autres <ul> <li>Gisèle Sapiro, <i>La Guerre des écrivains</i>, 1940-1953, Fayard, 1999</li> <li><i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Massin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Éditions Massin">Massin</a> et le Livre. La Typographie en jeu</i>, Ensad/Archibooks, 2007</li> <li>Éric Vigne, <i>Le Livre et l’Éditeur</i>, Klincksieck, 2008</li> </ul></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Sur_Gallimard_et_la_NRF">Sur Gallimard et la NRF</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Sur Gallimard et la NRF" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Assouline?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Assouline">Pierre Assouline</a>, <i>Gaston Gallimard – Un demi-siècle d’édition française</i>, Balland, 1984</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Auguste_Angl%C3%A8s?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Auguste Anglès">Auguste Anglès</a>, <i>André Gide et le Premier Groupe de la NRF</i>, 3 vol., Gallimard, 1978-1986</li> <li><i>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_de_la_Pl%C3%A9iade?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bibliothèque de la Pléiade">Bibliothèque de la Pléiade</a>. Travail éditorial et Valeur littéraire</i>, sous la dir. de Joëlle Glaize et Philippe Roussin, Édition des archives contemporaines, 2009</li> <li>Anna Boschetti, <i>Sartre et les Temps modernes</i>, Éditions de Minuit, 1985</li> <li>Laurence Brisset, <i>La NRF de Paulhan</i>, Gallimard, 2003</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alban_Cerisier?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alban Cerisier">Alban Cerisier</a>, <i>Une histoire de La NRF</i>, Gallimard, 2009</li> <li>Alban Cerisier, <i>Gallimard&nbsp;: Un éditeur à l'œuvre</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&nbsp;«&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C3%A9couvertes_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Découvertes Gallimard">Découvertes Gallimard</a> / Littératures&nbsp;» (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_volumes_de_%C2%AB_D%C3%A9couvertes_Gallimard_%C2%BB_(2e_partie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des volumes de « Découvertes Gallimard » (2e partie)"><abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&nbsp;569</a>), 2011 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-07-044169-3?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-07-044169-3"><span class="nowrap">978-2-07-044169-3</span></a>)</small></li> <li>Alban Cerisier, Jacques Desse, <i>De la jeunesse chez Gallimard</i>, Gallimard/Chez les libraires associés, 2007</li> <li>Alban Cerisier, Jean-Étienne Huret, <i>Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Club_du_meilleur_livre?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Club du meilleur livre">Club du meilleur livre</a> (1952-1963)</i>, Librairie J.-E. Huret, 2007</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michel_Deguy?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michel Deguy">Michel Deguy</a>, <i>Le Comité&nbsp;: Confessions d’un lecteur de grande maison</i>, Seyssel, Champ Vallon, 1988</li> <li>François Dosse, <i>Pierre Nora, homo historicus</i>, Perrin, 2011</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcel_Duhamel?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcel Duhamel">Marcel Duhamel</a>, <i>Raconte pas ta vie</i>, Mercure de France, 1973</li> <li>Pierre Hebey, <i>La NRF des années sombres</i>, Gallimard, 1992</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean_Lacouture?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean Lacouture">Jean Lacouture</a>, <i>Une adolescence du siècle. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jacques_Rivi%C3%A8re?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jacques Rivière">Jacques Rivière</a> et la NRF</i>, Le Seuil, 1994</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pierre_Nora?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pierre Nora">Pierre Nora</a>, <i>Historien public</i>, Gallimard, 2011</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Poupart?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jean-François Poupart">Jean-François Poupart</a>, <i>Gallimard chez les nazis</i>, Montréal, Poètes de Brousse, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr>&nbsp;«&nbsp;Essai Libre&nbsp;», 2009</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Schiffrin?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Schiffrin">André Schiffrin</a>, <i>Aller-Retours</i>, Liana Levi, 2007</li> <li>Henri Vignes et Pierre Boudrot, <i>Bibliographie des Éditions de la Nouvelle Revue française (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1911-05-26" data-sort-value="1911-05-26">26 mai 1911</time> - <time class="nowrap" datetime="1919-07-15" data-sort-value="1919-07-15">15 juillet 1919</time>)</i>, Librairie Henri Vignes &amp; Éditions des Cendres, 2011</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"> <h4 id="Articles">Articles</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li>Nathalie Sibert, «&nbsp;Gallimard, une histoire si française&nbsp;», <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Les_%C3%89chos?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Les Échos">Les Échos</a></i>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-03-04" data-sort-value="2011-03-04">4 mars 2011</time></li> <li>Olivier Bessard-Banquy, «&nbsp;L’imprimerie selon Gaston Gallimard. L’art du livre dans les premiers temps de la NRF&nbsp;», dans <i>Revue française d’histoire du livre</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&nbsp;132, nouvelle série, 2011</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gaston_Gallimard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gaston Gallimard">Gaston Gallimard</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Galligrasseuil?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Galligrasseuil">Galligrasseuil</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Collection_Blanche_(Gallimard)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Collection Blanche (Gallimard)">Collection Blanche (Gallimard)</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C3%89ditions_Gallimard&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <style 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25BA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%258A%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="غاليمار&nbsp;–&nbsp;arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غاليمار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%258F%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%2593%25E0%25A6%2581_%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BC%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0" title="এদিসিওঁ গায়িমার&nbsp;–&nbsp;bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এদিসিওঁ গায়িমার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakladatelstv%25C3%25AD_Gallimard" title="Nakladatelství Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nakladatelství Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallimard" title="Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B4%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA_%25DA%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25DB%258C%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="انتشارات گالیمار&nbsp;–&nbsp;persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انتشارات گالیمار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallimard" title="Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2594%25D7%2595%25D7%25A6%25D7%2590%25D7%25AA_%25D7%2592%25D7%259C%25D7%2599%25D7%259E%25D7%2590%25D7%25A8" title="הוצאת גלימאר&nbsp;–&nbsp;hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הוצאת גלימאר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallimard" title="Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallimard" title="Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2582%25AC%25E3%2583%25AA%25E3%2583%259E%25E3%2583%25BC%25E3%2583%25AB%25E5%2587%25BA%25E7%2589%2588%25E7%25A4%25BE" title="ガリマール出版社&nbsp;–&nbsp;japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガリマール出版社" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25B0%2588%25EB%25A6%25AC%25EB%25A7%2588%25EB%25A5%25B4_%25EC%25B6%259C%25ED%258C%2590%25EC%2582%25AC" title="갈리마르 출판사&nbsp;–&nbsp;coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="갈리마르 출판사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallimard_(uitgeverij)" title="Gallimard (uitgeverij)&nbsp;–&nbsp;néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gallimard (uitgeverij)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2590%25E0%25A8%25A1%25E0%25A9%2580%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25A8_%25E0%25A8%2597%25E0%25A9%2588%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A9%2580%25E0%25A8%25AE%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A8%25A1" title="ਐਡੀਸ਼ਨ ਗੈਲੀਮਾਰਡ&nbsp;–&nbsp;pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐਡੀਸ਼ਨ ਗੈਲੀਮਾਰਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallimard" title="Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Галлимар&nbsp;–&nbsp;russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Галлимар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard&nbsp;–&nbsp;turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Éditions Gallimard" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2593%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Галлімар&nbsp;–&nbsp;ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Галлімар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25BC%25BD%25E5%2588%25A9%25E7%258E%259B%25E5%2587%25BA%25E7%2589%2588%25E7%25A4%25BE" title="伽利玛出版社&nbsp;–&nbsp;chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伽利玛出版社" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img 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