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<li id="toc-Colonial_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonial_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Colonial history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonial_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-John_Hook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#John_Hook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>John Hook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-John_Hook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_years_and_move_to_New_London" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years_and_move_to_New_London"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Early years and move to New London</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_years_and_move_to_New_London-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hook_the_Loyalist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hook_the_Loyalist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Hook the Loyalist</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hook_the_Loyalist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hook_Trial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hook_Trial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Hook Trial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hook_Trial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-John_Hook_Collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#John_Hook_Collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>John Hook Collection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-John_Hook_Collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th_century_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>19th century history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Education history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Military history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arsenal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arsenal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Arsenal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arsenal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historic_structures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historic_structures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historic structures</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historic_structures-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Historic structures subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historic_structures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mead's_Tavern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mead's_Tavern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Mead's Tavern</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mead's_Tavern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Bedford Alum Springs Hotel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-W.W._Driskill_Store" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#W.W._Driskill_Store"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>W.W. Driskill Store</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-W.W._Driskill_Store-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holt-Ashwell_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holt-Ashwell_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Holt-Ashwell House</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holt-Ashwell_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Churches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historic_Cemeteries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historic_Cemeteries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Historic Cemeteries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historic_Cemeteries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Historic Cemeteries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historic_Cemeteries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-African_American_Cemetery." class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#African_American_Cemetery."> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>African American Cemetery.</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-African_American_Cemetery.-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Callaway-Steptoe_Cemetery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Callaway-Steptoe_Cemetery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Callaway-Steptoe Cemetery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Callaway-Steptoe_Cemetery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restoration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restoration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Restoration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restoration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">New London, Virginia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. 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.geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=New_London,_Virginia&params=37_18_6_N_79_16_49_W_region:US-VA_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°18′6″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°16′49″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.30167°N 79.28028°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.30167; -79.28028</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Unincorporated community in Virginia, United States</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/New_London,_Caroline_County,_Virginia" title="New London, Caroline County, Virginia">New London, Caroline County, Virginia</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Unincorporated Community in Virginia, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">New London, Virginia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="Unincorporated Community">Unincorporated Community</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Virginia_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="New London, Virginia is located in Virginia"><img alt="New London, Virginia is located in Virginia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/USA_Virginia_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Virginia_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/USA_Virginia_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Virginia_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/USA_Virginia_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Virginia_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="964" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.871%;left:51.907%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="New London, Virginia"><img alt="New London, Virginia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>New London, Virginia</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=New_London,_Virginia&params=37_18_6_N_79_16_49_W_region:US-VA_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°18′6″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°16′49″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.30167°N 79.28028°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.30167; -79.28028</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">863 ft (263 m)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>New London</b> is currently an <a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Unincorporated community">unincorporated community</a> and former town in <a href="/wiki/Campbell_County,_Virginia" title="Campbell County, Virginia">Campbell County, Virginia</a>, United States. The site of the colonial community is eleven miles southwest of downtown <a href="/wiki/Lynchburg,_Virginia" title="Lynchburg, Virginia">Lynchburg, Virginia</a>. In 1754, <a href="/wiki/Bedford_County,_Virginia" title="Bedford County, Virginia">Bedford County</a> was formed and New London was established as the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Situated near the intersection of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Wagon_Road" title="Great Wagon Road">Great Wagon Road</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wilderness_Road" title="Wilderness Road">Wilderness Road</a>, the town was an important stopping point for settlers heading west. </p><p>It was in the courthouse located in New London that <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry" title="Patrick Henry">Patrick Henry</a> delivered his famous "beef" speech during the John Hook trial.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other prominent historical figures with connections to New London include <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>. Jefferson constructed his retreat, <a href="/wiki/Poplar_Forest" title="Poplar Forest">Poplar Forest</a>, near New London in Bedford County. New London was also home to a Revolutionary-era <a href="/wiki/Arsenal" title="Arsenal">arsenal</a>. In 1781, <a href="/wiki/Bedford_County,_Virginia" title="Bedford County, Virginia">Bedford County</a> was divided in two, forming <a href="/wiki/Campbell_County,_Virginia" title="Campbell County, Virginia">Campbell County</a>. The Bedford county seat was then relocated to Liberty, later known as the town of <a href="/wiki/Bedford,_Virginia" title="Bedford, Virginia">Bedford</a>. After the county seat and court were moved, the former bustling commercial center declined.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 19th century, the rising popularity of mineral springs sparked a brief revival. The Bedford Alum Springs Hotel, located in New London, drew visitors seeking the benefits of the nearby natural springs. The town sought to capitalize on this attraction and changed its name from New London to Bedford Springs in 1880.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New London is home to several historic structures. Mead's Tavern is the sole remaining building from the colonial era, but several historic buildings from the later period are still standing. These include the former Bedford Alum Springs Hotel, the office of Dr. Nicholas Kabler, the W.W. Driskill General Store, two <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a> churches, and the Holt-Ashwell house. The <a href="/wiki/New_London_Academy_(Virginia)" title="New London Academy (Virginia)">New London Academy (Virginia)</a> is still in operation today as an elementary school.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, the Friends of New London, a nonprofit organization dedicated to preserving historic New London, sold Mead's Tavern to <a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">Liberty University</a>. Current archaeological and architectural studies at Mead's Tavern are contributing to what is known about the building, the town, and the people who lived and worked there.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_history">Colonial history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Colonial history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_London,_Virginia_original_town_plat,_1754.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/New_London%2C_Virginia_original_town_plat%2C_1754.jpg/220px-New_London%2C_Virginia_original_town_plat%2C_1754.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/New_London%2C_Virginia_original_town_plat%2C_1754.jpg/330px-New_London%2C_Virginia_original_town_plat%2C_1754.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/New_London%2C_Virginia_original_town_plat%2C_1754.jpg/440px-New_London%2C_Virginia_original_town_plat%2C_1754.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="1632" /></a><figcaption>New London, Virginia original town plat, 1754</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1753, William Callaway contributed 100 acres of land to the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_General_Assembly" title="Virginia General Assembly">Virginia General Assembly</a> for the creation of a new town which would soon serve as the county seat of the newly formed Bedford County. This tract of land became New London. In 1754, the courthouse and jail were erected. The town was laid out in lots and offered for sale. The town charter required that owners must construct a building of at least twenty-by-sixteen within one year. Its location at the intersection of the Great Wagon Road and Wilderness Road meant that it became a bustling center of travel and trade. It remained so until the formation of Campbell County in 1781 and the subsequent relocation of the county seat. </p><p>The New London courthouse was an important landmark of this time. The John Hook trial took place in the courthouse. During the Revolutionary War John Hook, a Scottish-born merchant living in New London, was accused of being sympathetic to the British. In 1781, John Venable, the commissary for the American army seized two of John Hook's steers for the army to eat. John Hook brought a case against John Venable for taking his property. The case stays on the docket until 1789. During the trial Patrick Henry defended the state and John Venable against John Hook. On September 19, 1789, Patrick Henry delivered his famous "beef speech".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="John_Hook">John Hook</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: John Hook"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hook_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hook_2.jpg/220px-Hook_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hook_2.jpg/330px-Hook_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hook_2.jpg/440px-Hook_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2268" /></a><figcaption>Portion of a page from one of John Hook's business ledgers showing a transaction of "1 yoke of oxen" with Thomas Jefferson on May 28, 1784, Picture part of the John Hook Papers, Rubenstein Library, Duke University</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the best-documented merchants in Virginia and an early member of the town of New London, John Hook demonstrated how consumerism worked in Colonial and Post Colonial Virginia. He squabbled with rivals, complained to the firm's partners in Scotland, and grew discouraged that he had not achieved the dream of great wealth. Yet in only a quarter-century, Hook went from doing menial tasks in an established Tidewater store, to managing a store in Piedmont, to imagining expanding his business as the line of European settlement roared westward.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Early_years_and_move_to_New_London">Early years and move to New London</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early years and move to New London"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in Scotland, John Hook (1745-1808) arrived in America as an apprentice at the age of 13 in 1758. He began his training as a shopkeeper and clerk learning the tobacco trade under the training of the Donald family, a Scottish family that dealt in tobacco in the Chesapeake area.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1764 Hook traveled from Chesapeake to New London, Virginia, where he partnered with William and James Donald to establish a store. </p><p>By 1768 Hook was doing well in New London and wrote to his partner in Scotland stating "this and the adjacent Frontier counties is settling unaccountable fast from people below (the fall line of the James River) and from the Northward".<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1770 John Hook married Elizabeth Smith, daughter of Colonel John Smith of Goochland.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John and Elizabeth had six children. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hook_the_Loyalist">Hook the Loyalist</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hook the Loyalist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 1775, word was given to the Committee for Bedford County that John Hook had been heard making remarks and handing out pamphlets against the war with England. Hook wrote back to the committee asking for the charges in writing to which he responded with a declaration of his innocence. On June 18, 1777, a mob led by Colonel William Mead dragged Hook from his house to appear before the committee. According to Hook, they threatened to "burn down & cut my house to peaces over my head" and he was told "they intended tarring & feathering me."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultimately, Hook was forced to sign a Certificate of Fidelity for Captain George Hancock at the Green Bryor Court on October 10, 1777, an act witnessed by Samuel Hairston. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hook_Trial">Hook Trial</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hook Trial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the latter part of the Revolutionary War Army Commissary John Venable requisitioned two of Hook's cows for the troops. In 1783, after the war was over, Hook filed suit against Venable for the "theft" of the two cows. The case lingered on the docket until 1789. Hook was represented by Mr. Cowan and Venable acquired the services of none other than <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Henry" title="Patrick Henry">Patrick Henry</a>. The trial itself was the occasion for Henry's famous "Beef speech" which elicited hoots and laughter within the courtroom. The resulting verdict was for Hook for the sum of one cent.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="John_Hook_Collection">John Hook Collection</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: John Hook Collection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hook is one of the best documented merchants of Colonial America. The bulk of his surviving papers are held at the Rubenstein Library at <a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century_history">19th century history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 19th century history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the early <a href="/wiki/1800s_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="1800s in the United States">1800s</a>, New London began to fade as an independent township due to the relocation of the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> in 1781.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Locals of both <a href="/wiki/Bedford_County,_Virginia" title="Bedford County, Virginia">Bedford County</a> and <a href="/wiki/Campbell_County,_Virginia" title="Campbell County, Virginia">Campbell County</a> created a petition for a new county to be created in 1813 with New London at its center, but the movement did not gain traction and ultimately failed.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though it lost the court seat, New London's position next to a crossroad allowed it to have many visitors and even some prominent guests. In April 1816, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">General Andrew Jackson</a> stayed in the town and almost had a duel in a New London tavern as he was passing through.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 1820, the dirt <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_460_in_Virginia" title="U.S. Route 460 in Virginia">Salem-Lynchburg Turnpike</a> was covered with broken stone (<a href="/wiki/Macadam" title="Macadam">macadam</a>) which made traveling to and from New London smoother and helped to boost trade, at least until the introduction of the railroad in nearby Lynchburg in 1848.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New London changed its name to Bedford Springs in the late 1870s<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the Echols family marketed water from the nearby alum spring<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a large health resort named The Bedford Alum Springs Hotel opened in 1878. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education_history">Education history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Education history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early 19th century, New London was the location of at least two schools, the <a href="/wiki/New_London_Academy_(Virginia)" title="New London Academy (Virginia)">New London Academy</a> and the Roland School for girls.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New London Academy was a prominent secondary educational institution throughout the 19th century. In the first half of the 19th century, the academy offered a range of subjects and students would receive an individual diploma for every subject completed.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New London Academy was so renowned, that <a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Eppes" title="Francis W. Eppes">Francis Eppes</a> attended the academy at the insistence of his grandfather, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>. Even during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>, it managed to remain in operation. In its early years, the school had a strong religious affiliation. The school grounds were home to a brick <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopal</a> meeting house, and the ministers of the church were often the principals of the school. This religious connotation eventually faded, starting with the removal of the Academy Church in 1856 to another location after the original brick building was condemned and torn down in 1855.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This separation of the church from the academy lead to it becoming a public school in 1870 and a <a href="/wiki/Mixed-sex_education" title="Mixed-sex education">coeducational school</a> in 1879.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New London also hosted the Roland School for girls between 1812 and 1822 in the former Mead's Tavern.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roland was a finishing school run by Samuel T. Miller and his wife and may have held up to forty students at a time.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school closed in 1822 when Samuel Miller moved to Lynchburg to start another school.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_history">Military history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Military history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Historic_Marker_at_New_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Historic_Marker_at_New_London.jpg/220px-Historic_Marker_at_New_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="391" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Historic_Marker_at_New_London.jpg/330px-Historic_Marker_at_New_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Historic_Marker_at_New_London.jpg/440px-Historic_Marker_at_New_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2988" data-file-height="5312" /></a><figcaption>The historic marker at New London incorrectly states that Lieutenant-Colonel Tarleton raided New London.</figcaption></figure> <p>It is possible that because of New London's central location in <a href="/wiki/Bedford_County,_Virginia" title="Bedford County, Virginia">Bedford County</a> it was a natural place for the county militia to drill and assemble for war. The county militia participated in several frontier conflicts including the <a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Cherokee_War" title="Anglo-Cherokee War">Anglo-Cherokee</a> wars. During the early French and Indian war, the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee" title="Cherokee">Cherokees</a> were allied with the British. That all changed when a series of misunderstandings and thefts led to a confrontation in 1758 between a Cherokee war party and colonists from Bedford County that left at least five Virginians and thirty Cherokees dead. This incident near New London exacerbated the already tense relationship between the British and the Cherokees and helped set in motion the events that led to the Anglo-Cherokee War.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arsenal">Arsenal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Arsenal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a>, New London was home to an <a href="/wiki/Arsenal" title="Arsenal">arsenal</a> used by the Virginia state <a href="/wiki/Militia_(United_States)" title="Militia (United States)">militia</a>. The weapons and supplies manufactured in the arsenal were used to help support the campaigns of <a href="/wiki/Nathanael_Greene" title="Nathanael Greene">General Nathaniel Greene</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the South and Colonel <a href="/wiki/George_Rogers_Clark" title="George Rogers Clark">George Rogers Clark</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the Ohio river valley. In his memoirs, British Lieutenant-Colonel <a href="/wiki/Banastre_Tarleton" title="Banastre Tarleton">Banastre Tarleton</a> claims to have raided New London in search of the arsenal and the supplies that were stored there.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, according to <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a>, Tarleton never made it to New London and stayed closer to <a href="/wiki/Charlottesville,_Virginia" title="Charlottesville, Virginia">Charlottesville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The New London arsenal was operated by the state of Virginia until 1794 when Congress passed a law authorizing the war department to erect "three or four arsenals"<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to supply and equip the army. New London's existing state arsenal made it a natural choice for use as a federal arsenal. </p><p>Shortly after its acquisition by the war department, the New London arsenal helped furnish the weapons and equipment used by the army sent to suppress the <a href="/wiki/Whiskey_Rebellion" title="Whiskey Rebellion">Whiskey Rebellion</a> in Pennsylvania in 1794.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The arsenal only remained operational under Federal control for a short time. In 1798 the war department began the process of moving the arsenal to a new location with the transfer of armorer's tools from New London to <a href="/wiki/Harpers_Ferry,_West_Virginia" title="Harpers Ferry, West Virginia">Harper's Ferry.</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the means of production were moved, New London continued to be used for the storage of military equipment until at least 1812.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, Liberty University and the Friends of New London are hoping to conduct further investigations into finding the location of the arsenal, though historians believe it may have been located on the property of the Bedford Alum Springs Hotel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historic_structures">Historic structures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Historic structures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mead's_Tavern"><span id="Mead.27s_Tavern"></span>Mead's Tavern</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Mead's Tavern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mead%27sTavern.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mead%27sTavern.png/281px-Mead%27sTavern.png" decoding="async" width="281" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mead%27sTavern.png/422px-Mead%27sTavern.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mead%27sTavern.png/562px-Mead%27sTavern.png 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="479" /></a><figcaption>Front view of Mead's Tavern</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Basement_Excavation_at_Mead%27s_Tavern.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Basement_Excavation_at_Mead%27s_Tavern.jpg/220px-Basement_Excavation_at_Mead%27s_Tavern.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Basement_Excavation_at_Mead%27s_Tavern.jpg/330px-Basement_Excavation_at_Mead%27s_Tavern.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Basement_Excavation_at_Mead%27s_Tavern.jpg/440px-Basement_Excavation_at_Mead%27s_Tavern.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Photo of the basement excavation at Mead's Tavern</figcaption></figure> <p>Mead's Tavern is the oldest standing structure in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Virginia">Central Virginia</a> area and the only remaining building from New London's colonial era. In 1761, William Mead acquired Lot 6 and constructed what was described as a "magnificent house" in 1763.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1784, Mead sold the building which operated as a tavern for the next 20 years or so and was then converted into a girls' school. For most of its life, the former tavern served primarily as a family residence. It also housed the office of Dr. Thaddeus Kabler and later the office of William Abbott, an insurance agent. After passing through the hands of various private owners, the building was purchased by the Friends of New London in 2012 who sold the building to <a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">Liberty University</a> in 2015. </p><p>There is archaeological and architectural evidence, such as the <a href="/wiki/English_Bond" class="mw-redirect" title="English Bond">English bond</a> brick style of the foundation, that prove even without the written records that the Tavern was built in the 1700s. Investigations have also uncovered evidence of another building that was a part of the property that is believed to have probably been the kitchen. There were also additional smaller buildings on the property that will likely turn up evidence once further investigation is done to the back of the property. Unlike most of the New London area, the property that Mead's Tavern sits on has been predominately left alone.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Liberty is in the process of doing archaeological and architectural studies of the property. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel">Bedford Alum Springs Hotel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bedford Alum Springs Hotel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Interior_Main_Staircase_of_the_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Interior_Main_Staircase_of_the_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg/174px-Interior_Main_Staircase_of_the_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Interior_Main_Staircase_of_the_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg/262px-Interior_Main_Staircase_of_the_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Interior_Main_Staircase_of_the_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg/349px-Interior_Main_Staircase_of_the_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a><figcaption>Main staircase of the Bedford Alum Springs Hotel</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Exterior_-_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Exterior_-_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg/268px-Exterior_-_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Exterior_-_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg/402px-Exterior_-_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Exterior_-_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg/536px-Exterior_-_Bedford_Alum_Springs_Hotel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4735" data-file-height="2554" /></a><figcaption>Front view of the Bedford Alum Springs Hotel</figcaption></figure> <p>The property site of the hotel had a history in New London before the building of the hotel. It was originally owned by the Colonel James Callaway who was a patriot in the Revolutionary War and an influential man in Virginia during his lifetime (1735-1809). Because of Colonel Callaway's reputation and the amount of other buildings that are known to have been on site, the property that the hotel sits on is a suspected spot for the revolutionary arsenal that was kept at New London, though there has yet to be any substantial evidence to support this theory. </p><p> Mead's Tavern and the hotel property are connected as the man who ran the Roland Academy girls school located at Mead's, Samuel Miller, acquired the hotel property. The property passed to one more owner, a Ralph Smith, before being bought by Peregrine Echols in 1833.<sup id="cite_ref-:04_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:04-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bedford Alum Springs Hotel was originally a tavern owned by Peregrine Echols.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alum_spring.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Alum_spring.jpg/220px-Alum_spring.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Alum_spring.jpg/330px-Alum_spring.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Alum_spring.jpg/440px-Alum_spring.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The New London alum spring whose water Peregrine Echols bottled for medicinal purposes.</figcaption></figure> <p>Echols was also the first person in New London to capitalize on the natural alum springs that were located a short walk away from his property by bottling and selling the water for medicinal uses.<sup id="cite_ref-:23_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:23-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hotel was given the name The Bedford Alum Springs Hotel and was promoted as a resort, attracting travelers who sought the benefit of the nearby alum springs. </p><p>The success of the alum springs prompted the town to change its name from New London to Bedford Springs.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1871, a fire burned down the original building. In 1877, the property that held Echols tavern was sold to John Maben who proceeded to build a large hotel. That building was burned in another fire in 1887. The hotel was rebuilt again, only to burn once more in 1902. The third rebuilt version of the hotel is what stands today.<sup id="cite_ref-:04_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:04-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The historic site was bought by <a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">Liberty University</a> in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Liberty has plans of archaeological and architectural investigations for the hotel and property. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Driskill_Store_Angled_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Driskill_Store_Angled_View.jpg/220px-Driskill_Store_Angled_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Driskill_Store_Angled_View.jpg/330px-Driskill_Store_Angled_View.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Driskill_Store_Angled_View.jpg/440px-Driskill_Store_Angled_View.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>W.W. Driskill Store, New London, Virginia, Image Taken in 2019</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="W.W._Driskill_Store">W.W. Driskill Store</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: W.W. Driskill Store"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/General_store" title="General store">general store</a> in New London was built by Willis Washington Driskill in 1897 and remained in operation until the 1930s. It also housed the Bedford Springs post office until mail delivery was discontinued at this location in 1911.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building has been restored by its current owners and retains many of its original features. The building sits on one possible site of the colonial era military arsenal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Holt-Ashwell_House">Holt-Ashwell House</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Holt-Ashwell House"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This small, frame house dates to at least the early 19th-century with elements that may indicate earlier construction. Situated on what was Lot 17, belonging to William Ingles in the original town plat, then later to Andrew Holt, an emancipated African American who earned enough income as a baker to purchase the freedom of his wife and two sons. Holt donated a small section of his property for the construction of the Methodist Episcopal Church South.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current church building is the third structure on that lot. The house itself was unoccupied when it burned in 2017. The owner subsequently donated the property to the Friends of New London who have cleaned out the house and are considering options for restoration. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Churches">Churches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The New London Methodist church was built in 1850 several years after a congregation was organized. The church was home to <a href="/wiki/Circuit_rider_(religious)" title="Circuit rider (religious)">circuit riding ministers</a> who would travel to several different churches throughout the year. The New London Methodist Church belonged to the Bedford Alum Springs circuit. The church is still standing and is used as an office for the Friends of New London, who have worked to restore the town. </p><p>The current New London Methodist Episcopal Church South was erected in 1930, the third church building to be erected on this site since it was originally donated for the purpose. It remained in use for sixty years before it closed in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1851 Andrew Holt, an emancipated African American man donated the small parcel for the construction of a church "for the special but not exclusive benefit of coloured people."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building is now owned by the Friends of New London and restoration plans are underway.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historic_Cemeteries">Historic Cemeteries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Historic Cemeteries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="African_American_Cemetery.">African American Cemetery.</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: African American Cemetery."><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dating back to the mid-late 19th century, the cemetery was where the slaves and freed blacks of New London would bury their deceased loved ones. The cemetery is currently overseen and maintained by Deloris Nash Hicks, a direct descendant of those buried there. Current efforts are being made to clean up the historic cemetery and to bring its burial grounds back to life.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Callaway-Steptoe_Cemetery">Callaway-Steptoe Cemetery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Callaway-Steptoe Cemetery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> The Callaway-Steptoe Cemetery, located on the property of <a href="/wiki/Federal_Hill_(Forest,_Virginia)" title="Federal Hill (Forest, Virginia)">Federal Hill</a> in <a href="/wiki/Forest,_Virginia" title="Forest, Virginia">Forest, Virginia</a>, serves as the final resting place for several prominent area settlers and their descendants including Col. William Callaway as well as his son-in-law James Steptoe. This cemetery was also the location of a skirmish that took place between <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_Army" title="Confederate States Army">Confederate</a> forces during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. Evidence of the skirmish can still be seen today with holes in the walls surrounding the cemetery from cannonball fire.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:African_American_church.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/African_American_church.jpg/282px-African_American_church.jpg" decoding="async" width="282" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/African_American_church.jpg/423px-African_American_church.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/African_American_church.jpg/564px-African_American_church.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1070" data-file-height="714" /></a><figcaption>Front view of the African American Church</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Restoration">Restoration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Restoration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, members of the local community formed the Friends of New London for the purpose of recovering and preserving the history of the town.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, with the sale of Mead's Tavern to Liberty University, a partnership was formed that would create opportunities for students to contribute to and learn from the restoration and preservation process.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the Friends of New London acquired three additional buildings: the African American Methodist Church which was originally planned to be demolished;<sup id="cite_ref-:3_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the New London Methodist Church which houses the Friends of New London office and library;<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Holt-Ashwell house, a 19th-century house which was badly damaged in a fire. All three buildings are in various stages of study and/or restoration. </p><p>In August 2018, the Bedford Alum Springs Hotel was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">Liberty University</a> for an estimated $642,000.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_London,_Virginia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHendricks2006" class="citation book cs1">Hendricks, Christopher E. (2006). <i>The Backcountry Towns of Colonial Virginia</i> (1st ed.). Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1572335432" title="Special:BookSources/1572335432"><bdi>1572335432</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Backcountry+Towns+of+Colonial+Virginia&rft.place=Knoxville&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=University+of+Tennessee+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1572335432&rft.aulast=Hendricks&rft.aufirst=Christopher+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/findingaids/hookjohn/">"Guide to the John Hook papers, 1737-1889 and undated"</a>. <i>David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=David+M.+Rubenstein+Rare+Book+%26+Manuscript+Library&rft.atitle=Guide+to+the+John+Hook+papers%2C+1737-1889+and+undated&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.duke.edu%2Frubenstein%2Ffindingaids%2Fhookjohn%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHenry1891" class="citation book cs1">Henry, William Wirt (1891). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pathenrylife02henrrich"><i>Patrick Henry: Life, Correspondence and Speeches</i></a>. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pathenrylife02henrrich/page/482">482</a>–485.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patrick+Henry%3A+Life%2C+Correspondence+and+Speeches&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=482-485&rft.pub=Charles+Scribner%27s+Sons&rft.date=1891&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=William+Wirt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpathenrylife02henrrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span> Also available from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.patrickhenrylibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A5758#page/482/mode/1up">Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation Digital Library</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRead1950" class="citation book cs1">Read, Daisy Imogene (1950). <i>New London today and yesterday</i>. Friends of New London, Virginia, Inc. (Second printing, [sponsored by] Friends of New London, Va ed.). Lynchburg, Va.: Warwick House Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781936553259" title="Special:BookSources/9781936553259"><bdi>9781936553259</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/895495980">895495980</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+London+today+and+yesterday&rft.place=Lynchburg%2C+Va.&rft.edition=Second+printing%2C+%5Bsponsored+by%5D+Friends+of+New+London%2C+Va&rft.pub=Warwick+House+Publishers&rft.date=1950&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F895495980&rft.isbn=9781936553259&rft.aulast=Read&rft.aufirst=Daisy+Imogene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hn2ze3">"United States official postal guide. ser.2:v.2:no.1 (1880)"</a>. <i>HathiTrust</i>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fhvd.hn2ze3">2027/hvd.hn2ze3</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HathiTrust&rft.atitle=United+States+official+postal+guide.+ser.2%3Av.2%3Ano.1+%281880%29.&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fhvd.hn2ze3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F2027%2Fhvd.hn2ze3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSiddons1994" class="citation book cs1">Siddons, James (1994). <i>The Spirit of New London Academy: The Two Hundred Year History of A Virginia Educational Landmark</i>. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55613-982-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-55613-982-9"><bdi>1-55613-982-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spirit+of+New+London+Academy%3A+The+Two+Hundred+Year+History+of+A+Virginia+Educational+Landmark&rft.place=Bowie%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=Heritage+Books%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=1-55613-982-9&rft.aulast=Siddons&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCioffi" class="citation news cs1">Cioffi, Chris The (Lynchburg) News & Advance. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.roanoke.com/news/virginia/liberty-university-purchases-mead-s-tavern-in-new-london/article_50b6142b-ac36-5c77-a7d4-d68da66322e2.html">"Liberty University purchases Mead's Tavern in New London"</a>. <i>Roanoke Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 4,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Roanoke+Times&rft.atitle=Liberty+University+purchases+Mead%27s+Tavern+in+New+London&rft.aulast=Cioffi&rft.aufirst=Chris+The+%28Lynchburg%29+News+%26+Advance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roanoke.com%2Fnews%2Fvirginia%2Fliberty-university-purchases-mead-s-tavern-in-new-london%2Farticle_50b6142b-ac36-5c77-a7d4-d68da66322e2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEarly1927" class="citation web cs1">Early, R.H. (1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/campbell/history/chronicles-communities.txt">"Campbell Chronicles and Family Sketches"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Campbell+Chronicles+and+Family+Sketches&rft.date=1927&rft.aulast=Early&rft.aufirst=R.H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffiles.usgwarchives.net%2Fva%2Fcampbell%2Fhistory%2Fchronicles-communities.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGilbert2018" class="citation web cs1">Gilbert, Rachel (November 28, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://files.usgwarchives.net/va/campbell/history/chronicles-communities.txt">"Chronology of New London, Virginia"</a>. <i>WordPress.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WordPress.com&rft.atitle=Chronology+of+New+London%2C+Virginia&rft.date=2018-11-28&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Rachel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffiles.usgwarchives.net%2Fva%2Fcampbell%2Fhistory%2Fchronicles-communities.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smart Martin, Ann (2008). <i>Buying into the World of Goods - Early Consumers in Backcountry Virginia</i>. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 11. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8727-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-8727-7">978-0-8018-8727-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hook, John. "John Hook Papers." David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library. Edited by February 2011 Encoded by Meghan Lyon. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NewsAdvance.com&rft.atitle=Liberty+University+purchases+New+London+historic+site&rft.aulast=Moody&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsadvance.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fliberty-university-purchases-new-london-historic-site%2Farticle_25615974-4264-5ed3-9865-a25041b3a0d5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+London%2C+Virginia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Rustburg,_Virginia" title="Rustburg, Virginia"><span>Rustburg</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Town_(Virginia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Town (Virginia)">Towns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altavista,_Virginia" title="Altavista, Virginia">Altavista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookneal,_Virginia" title="Brookneal, Virginia">Brookneal</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Map of Virginia highlighting Campbell County"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Map_of_Virginia_highlighting_Campbell_County.svg/180px-Map_of_Virginia_highlighting_Campbell_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Map_of_Virginia_highlighting_Campbell_County.svg/270px-Map_of_Virginia_highlighting_Campbell_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Map_of_Virginia_highlighting_Campbell_County.svg/360px-Map_of_Virginia_highlighting_Campbell_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2495" data-file-height="1082" /></span><figcaption>Map of Virginia highlighting Campbell County</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_Campbell_County,_Virginia" title="Concord, Campbell County, Virginia">Concord</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustburg,_Virginia" title="Rustburg, Virginia">Rustburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timberlake,_Virginia" title="Timberlake, Virginia">Timberlake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">Unincorporated<br />communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evington,_Virginia" title="Evington, Virginia">Evington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladys,_Virginia" title="Gladys, Virginia">Gladys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly,_Virginia" title="Kelly, Virginia">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leesville,_Virginia" title="Leesville, Virginia">Leesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island,_Virginia" title="Long Island, Virginia">Long Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynch_Station,_Virginia" title="Lynch Station, Virginia">Lynch Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naruna,_Virginia" title="Naruna, Virginia">Naruna</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;">Footnotes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Virginia_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Virginia (state)"><span>Virginia portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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