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</li> <li id="toc-1990s_political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s_political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>1990s political career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s_political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Putin-era_political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Putin-era_political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Putin-era political career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Putin-era_political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Views</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Views-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Views subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Last_Break_Southward" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Last_Break_Southward"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span><i>The Last Break Southward</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Last_Break_Southward-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations_and_military_excursions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations_and_military_excursions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Foreign relations and military excursions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations_and_military_excursions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Threatening_behaviour_and_assaults" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Threatening_behaviour_and_assaults"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Threatening behaviour and assaults</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Threatening_behaviour_and_assaults-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personal life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Illness_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illness_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Illness and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illness_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 62 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladimir_Zjirinofski" title="Wladimir Zjirinofski – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wladimir Zjirinofski" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%8A" title="فلاديمير جيرينوفسكي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فلاديمير جيرينوفسكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Jirinovski" title="Vladimir Jirinovski – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vladimir Jirinovski" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%96%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Уладзімір Вольфавіч Жырыноўскі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уладзімір Вольфавіч Жырыноўскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%96%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Уладзімер Жырыноўскі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Уладзімер Жырыноўскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Владимир Жириновски – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Владимир Жириновски" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADmir_Jirinovski" title="Vladímir Jirinovski – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vladímir Jirinovski" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Жириновский Владимир Вольфович – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Жириновский Владимир Вольфович" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_%C5%BDirinovskij" title="Vladimir Žirinovskij – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vladimir Žirinovskij" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladimir_Wolfowitsch_Schirinowski" title="Wladimir Wolfowitsch Schirinowski – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wladimir Wolfowitsch Schirinowski" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_%C5%BDirinovski" title="Vladimir Žirinovski – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vladimir Žirinovski" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%81_%CE%96%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B9" title="Βλαντίμιρ Ζιρινόφσκι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βλαντίμιρ Ζιρινόφσκι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADmir_Zhirinovski" title="Vladímir Zhirinovski – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vladímir Zhirinovski" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_%C4%B4irinovskij" title="Vladimir Ĵirinovskij – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vladimir Ĵirinovskij" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovski" title="Vladimir Zhirinovski – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Vladimir Zhirinovski" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1_%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="ولادیمیر ژیرینفسکی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ولادیمیر ژیرینفسکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Jirinovski" title="Vladimir Jirinovski – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vladimir Jirinovski" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Жириновский, Владимир Вольфович – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Жириновский, Владимир Вольфович" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4_%EC%A7%80%EB%A6%AC%EB%86%89%EC%8A%A4%ED%82%A4" title="블라디미르 지리놉스키 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="블라디미르 지리놉스키" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D6%80_%D4%BA%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%AB" title="Վլադիմիր Ժիրինովսկի – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վլադիմիր Ժիրինովսկի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladimir_Wolfowi%C4%8D_%C5%BDirinowskij" title="Wladimir Wolfowič Žirinowskij – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wladimir Wolfowič Žirinowskij" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_%C5%BDirinovski" title="Vladimir Žirinovski – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vladimir Žirinovski" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADm%C3%ADr_Zh%C3%ADr%C3%ADnovsk%C3%ADj" title="Vladímír Zhírínovskíj – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vladímír Zhírínovskíj" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_%C5%BDirinovskij" title="Vladimir Žirinovskij – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vladimir Žirinovskij" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%96%27%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99" title="ולדימיר ז'ירינובסקי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ולדימיר ז'ירינובסקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%9F%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ვლადიმერ ჟირინოვსკი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვლადიმერ ჟირინოვსკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Владимир Вольфович Жириновский – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Владимир Вольфович Жириновский" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Владимир Жириновский – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Владимир Жириновский" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimirs_%C5%BDirinovskis" title="Vladimirs Žirinovskis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vladimirs Žirinovskis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimiras_%C5%BDirinovskis" title="Vladimiras Žirinovskis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vladimiras Žirinovskis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlagyimir_Volfovics_Zsirinovszkij" title="Vlagyimir Volfovics Zsirinovszkij – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vlagyimir Volfovics Zsirinovszkij" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%89" title="فلاديمير جيرينوفسكى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فلاديمير جيرينوفسكى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zjirinovski" title="Vladimir Zjirinovski – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vladimir Zjirinovski" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B8%E3%83%AA%E3%83%8E%E3%83%95%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AD%E3%83%BC" title="ウラジーミル・ジリノフスキー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウラジーミル・ジリノフスキー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Жириновски, Владимир Вольфович – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Жириновски, Владимир Вольфович" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zjirinovskij" title="Vladimir Zjirinovskij – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vladimir Zjirinovskij" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zjirinovskij" title="Vladimir Zjirinovskij – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vladimir Zjirinovskij" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Jirinovskiy" title="Vladimir Jirinovskiy – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vladimir Jirinovskiy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82adimir_%C5%BByrinowski" title="Władimir Żyrinowski – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Władimir Żyrinowski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADmir_Jirin%C3%B3vski" title="Vladímir Jirinóvski – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vladímir Jirinóvski" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Jirinovski" title="Vladimir Jirinovski – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vladimir Jirinovski" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Жириновский, Владимир Вольфович – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Жириновский, Владимир Вольфович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovski" title="Vladimir Zhirinovski – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vladimir Zhirinovski" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Vo%C4%BEfovi%C4%8D_%C5%BDirinovskij" title="Vladimir Voľfovič Žirinovskij – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vladimir Voľfovič Žirinovskij" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Владимир Жириновски – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Владимир Жириновски" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_%C5%BDirinovski" title="Vladimir Žirinovski – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vladimir Žirinovski" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_%C5%BDirinovski" title="Vladimir Žirinovski – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vladimir Žirinovski" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Zjirinovskij" title="Vladimir Zjirinovskij – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vladimir Zjirinovskij" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Владимир Жириновский – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Владимир Жириновский" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Jirinovski" title="Vladimir Jirinovski – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vladimir Jirinovski" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Жириновский, Владимир Вольфович – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Жириновский, Владимир Вольфович" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Жириновський Володимир Вольфович – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Жириновський Володимир Вольфович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDirinovskii_Vladimir" title="Žirinovskii Vladimir – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Žirinovskii Vladimir" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Volfovich_Zhirinovsky" title="Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Jirinovskiy" title="Vladimir Jirinovskiy – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Vladimir Jirinovskiy" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E7%A6%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E6%97%A5%E9%87%8C%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="弗拉基米尔·沃尔福维奇·日里诺夫斯基 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弗拉基米尔·沃尔福维奇·日里诺夫斯基" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%87%8C%E8%AB%BE%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="日里諾夫斯基 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="日里諾夫斯基" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li 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searchaux" style="display:none">Russian politician (1946–2022)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this name that follows <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Slavic_naming_customs" title="Eastern Slavic naming customs">Eastern Slavic naming customs</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Patronymic" title="Patronymic">patronymic</a> is <i> Volfovich</i> and the <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is <i> Zhirinovsky</i>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Владимир Жириновский</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2009_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2009_portrait.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2009_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2009_portrait.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2009_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2009_portrait.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2009_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2072" data-file-height="3109" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2009</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party of Russia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />18 April 1992 – 6 April 2022</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Didenko" title="Alexei Didenko">Alexei Didenko</a> (acting)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Slutsky_(politician)" title="Leonid Slutsky (politician)">Leonid Slutsky</a></li></ul></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_leader" title="Parliamentary leader">Parliamentary leader</a> of the LDPR in the <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />21 December 2011 – 6 April 2022</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Igor_Lebedev_(politician)" title="Igor Lebedev (politician)">Igor Lebedev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Leonid Slutsky (acting)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />12 December 1993 – 18 January 2000</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Igor Lebedev</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_State_Duma" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Chairman of the State Duma">Vice Chairman of the State Duma</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />18 January 2000 – 21 December 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Chairman</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Seleznyov" class="mw-redirect" title="Gennady Seleznyov">Gennady Seleznyov</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Gryzlov" title="Boris Gryzlov">Boris Gryzlov</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gutseriyev" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikhail Gutseriyev">Mikhail Gutseriyev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Igor Lebedev</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the State Duma (<a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">Party List</a> Seat)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />17 December 1995 – 6 April 2022</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Svintsov" title="Andrey Svintsov">Andrey Svintsov</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the State Duma for <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow Oblast</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 January 1994 – 17 January 1996</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>constituency established</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>constituency abolished</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shchyolkovo_constituency" title="Shchyolkovo constituency">Shchyolkovo (No. 114)</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union">Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1989–1992</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Vladimir Volfovich Eidelshtein</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1946-04-25</span>)</span>25 April 1946<br /><a href="/wiki/Alma-Ata" class="mw-redirect" title="Alma-Ata">Alma-Ata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazakh SSR">Kazakh SSR</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a><br />(now Almaty, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">6 April 2022<span style="display:none">(2022-04-06)</span> (aged 75)<br /><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Novodevichy_Cemetery" title="Novodevichy Cemetery">Novodevichy Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party of Russia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Galina Lebedeva</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1971)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3, including <a href="/wiki/Igor_Lebedev_(politician)" title="Igor Lebedev (politician)">Igor Lebedev</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_University" title="Moscow State University">Moscow State University</a> (<a href="/wiki/DPhil" class="mw-redirect" title="DPhil">DPhil</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data"><style 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"For Merit to the Fatherland"</a> (2nd, 3rd, 4th class)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Alexander_Nevsky" title="Order of Alexander Nevsky">Order of Alexander Nevsky</a> (2015)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Honour_(Russia)" title="Order of Honour (Russia)">Order of Honour</a> (2008)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%E2%80%99s_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%E2%80%99s_signature.svg/128px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%E2%80%99s_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%E2%80%99s_signature.svg/192px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%E2%80%99s_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%E2%80%99s_signature.svg/256px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%E2%80%99s_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="304" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Army" title="Soviet Army">Soviet Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1970–1972</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Zhirinovskij_voice.oga" title="File:Vladimir Zhirinovskij voice.oga">Vladimir Zhirinovsky's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="19" data-mwtitle="Vladimir_Zhirinovskij_voice.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Vladimir_Zhirinovskij_voice.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Vladimir_Zhirinovskij_voice.oga/Vladimir_Zhirinovskij_voice.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AVladimir_Zhirinovskij_voice.oga&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">recorded May 2013</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 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.sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1157919884">.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person{border:4px double #d69d36}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-title{font-size:110%;padding:0;line-height:150%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title-image{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:5px}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title{background-color:#002466;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person-title>div{font-size:88%;line-height:normal}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-content{padding:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-person .sidebar-navbar{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks sidebar-person vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color:#2862B3;color:inherit;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_(25-09-2021)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2825-09-2021%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2825-09-2021%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2825-09-2021%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2825-09-2021%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2825-09-2021%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2825-09-2021%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="669" data-file-height="937" /></a></span></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color:#2862B3;color: #FFF;"><div><span class="tmp-color" style="color: #FFF">This article is part of <br />a series about</span></div><span class="vcard"><span class="fn"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: #FFF; text-decoration: inherit;">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</span></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <hr /> <p><b>Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party of Russia</a></b> </p><p><small><b>1992–2022</b></small> </p> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Early_life_and_politics">Early life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" title="Political positions of Vladimir Zhirinovsky">Political positions</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Elections</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" title="Electoral history of Vladimir Zhirinovsky">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Russian_presidential_election" title="1991 Russian presidential election">1991</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_1991_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 1991 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Russian_presidential_election" title="1996 Russian presidential election">1996</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Russian_presidential_election" title="2000 Russian presidential election">2000</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2000 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Russian_presidential_election" title="2008 Russian presidential election">2008</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Russian_presidential_election" title="2012 Russian presidential election">2012</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a>; <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%27s_donkey_video" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky's donkey video">donkey video</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Russian_presidential_election" title="2018 Russian presidential election">2018</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg/80px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="517" /></a></span> </p> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vladimir Zhirinovsky"><b>Media gallery</b></a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Zhirinovsky_sidebar" title="Template:Zhirinovsky sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Zhirinovsky_sidebar" title="Template talk:Zhirinovsky sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Zhirinovsky_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Zhirinovsky sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Vladimir Volfovich Zhirinovsky</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Владимир Вольфович Жириновский</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[vlɐˈdʲimʲɪr<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈvolʲfəvʲɪtɕ<span class="wrap"> </span>ʐɨrʲɪˈnofskʲɪj]</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Né">né</a> <b>Eidelstein</b>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Эйдельштейн</span>; 25 April 1946 – 6 April 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-Steele2022_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steele2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a Russian <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing populist">right-wing populist</a> politician and the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party of Russia</a> (LDPR) from its creation in 1992 until his death in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-Steele2022_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steele2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTobit_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had been a member of the <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a> since 1993 and leader of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_LDPR_deputies_in_the_State_Duma" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LDPR deputies in the State Duma">LDPR group</a> in the State Duma from 1993 to 2000, and from 2011 to 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He served as a <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chairmen_of_the_State_Duma" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Chairmen of the State Duma">deputy chairman of the State Duma</a> from 2000 until 2011. He also worked as a delegate in the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Assembly_of_the_Council_of_Europe" title="Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe">Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe</a> from 1996 to 2008. During his lifetime, Zhirinovsky ran in every single <a href="/wiki/Russian_presidential_elections" title="Russian presidential elections">Russian presidential election</a> apart from in <a href="/wiki/2004_Russian_presidential_election" title="2004 Russian presidential election">2004</a>. </p><p>He was known for many controversies, as well as staunch advocacy for Russian military action against <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-clown-showman_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clown-showman-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_background">Early life and background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zhirinovsky was born in <a href="/wiki/Almaty" title="Almaty">Alma-Ata</a>, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh SSR</a>, modern-day Almaty, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>. His father, Volf Isaakovich Eidelshtein, was a <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Ukraine" title="History of the Jews in Ukraine">Ukrainian Jew</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kostopil" title="Kostopil">Kostopil</a> in western <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_SSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian SSR">Ukraine</a>, and his mother, Alexandra Pavlovna (née Makarova), was an ethnic Russian from <a href="/wiki/Mordovian_ASSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Mordovian ASSR">Mordovia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-antisemitism_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antisemitism-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky inherited his surname through Andrei Vasilievich Zhirinovsky, Alexandra's first husband. His paternal grandfather was a wealthy industrialist in Kostopil,<sup id="cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsru.co.il-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who owned the largest sawmill in present-day Ukraine and was head of the local Jewish community.<sup id="cite_ref-newsru.com.il2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsru.com.il2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His grandfather's mill today has an income of $32 million a year, and over the years Zhirinovsky demanded that successive Ukrainian governments return it to him.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 1964, Zhirinovsky moved from Almaty to Moscow, where he began his studies in the Department of Turkish Studies, <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Asian_and_African_Countries" title="Institute of Asian and African Countries">Institute of Asian and African Countries</a> at <a href="/wiki/Moscow_State_University" title="Moscow State University">Moscow State University</a> (MSU), from which he graduated in 1969. Additionally, he studied law and international relations at the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Marxism-Leninism" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Marxism-Leninism">Institute of Marxism-Leninism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTobit_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky entered <a href="/wiki/Military_service" title="Military service">military service</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a> during the early 1970s and worked at posts in state committees and unions. He was awarded a <a href="/wiki/Doktor_nauk" class="mw-redirect" title="Doktor nauk">Dr.Sci.</a> in philosophy by MSU in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although he participated in some reformist groups, Zhirinovsky was not well known in Soviet political developments during the 1980s. While he contemplated a role in politics, a nomination attempt for a seat as a People's Deputy in 1989 was quickly abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1989, he served as a director of Shalom, a Jewish cultural organization; unknown in Jewish circles before, he is thought to have been invited to join by the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionist_Committee_of_the_Soviet_Public" title="Anti-Zionist Committee of the Soviet Public">Anti-Zionist Committee of the Soviet Public</a>, but subsequently forcefully opposed its influence in the group.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jewish_heritage">Jewish heritage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Jewish heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Four of Zhirinovsky's relatives were murdered during <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a>. Zhirinovsky's parents separated while he was still an infant. Abandoning the family, Zhirinovsky's father, Volf Eidelshtein, immigrated to Israel in 1949 (together with his new wife Bella and his brother), where he worked as an agronomist in <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>. Zhirinovsky's father was a member of the right-wing nationalist <a href="/wiki/Herut" title="Herut">Herut</a> party in Israel, and died in 1983 when he was run over by a bus near <a href="/wiki/Dizengoff_Street" title="Dizengoff Street">Dizengoff Street</a> in Tel Aviv.<sup id="cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsru.co.il-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky did not find out the details of his father's life in Israel, or even the fact that he had died, until many years later.<sup id="cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsru.co.il-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-newsru.com.il2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsru.com.il2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky said that he was an Orthodox Christian.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, Zhirinovsky was presented with a birth certificate indicating his original name as Eidelshtein; he claimed that the document was faked.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky denied his father's Jewish origins until <i>Ivan Close Your Soul</i>, published in July 2001, in which he described how his father, Volf Isaakovich Eidelshtein, changed his surname from Eidelshtein to Zhirinovsky. He then wrote, "Why should I reject Russian blood, Russian culture, Russian land, and fall in love with the Jewish people only because of that single drop of blood that my father left in my mother's body?"<sup id="cite_ref-antisemitism_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-antisemitism-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Zhirinovsky, "[His] mother was Russian and [His] father was a lawyer". Zhirinovsky later retracted the statement after researching his father's life in Israel. Discussing the statement, Zhirinovsky says: "Journalists mocked me: for saying I was the son of a lawyer. And I am really the son of an agronomist."<sup id="cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsru.co.il-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Discussing his father, Zhirinovsky said, with tears in his eyes, "All my life I was looking for him. I believed that he was alive. I believed that someday he would find me... But there is a silver lining. I tried to imitate him... And I was able to achieve a certain position in life, even without the support of my father."<sup id="cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsru.co.il-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky's Israeli relatives included an uncle and cousin, meeting and befriending them for the first time only after discovering more about his family's story in Israel. Zhirinovsky's Israeli family did not know that he was a politician in Russia but responded warmly to his invitation to stay with him in Moscow.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Founding_of_the_Liberal_Democratic_Party_and_1991_presidential_campaign">Founding of the Liberal Democratic Party and 1991 presidential campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Founding of the Liberal Democratic Party and 1991 presidential campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union">Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party of Russia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_1991_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 1991 presidential campaign">Vladimir Zhirinovsky 1991 presidential campaign</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1991_Russian_presidential_election" title="1991 Russian presidential election">1991 Russian presidential election</a></div> <p>In April 1991, Zhirinovsky, along with Vladimir Bogachev, took initiatives which led to the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union">Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union</a>, which was the second registered party in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> in 1990<sup id="cite_ref-Steele2022_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steele2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and therefore the first officially sanctioned <a href="/wiki/Opposition_(parliamentary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition (parliamentary)">opposition party</a>. According to the former <a href="/wiki/CPSU_Politburo" class="mw-redirect" title="CPSU Politburo">CPSU Politburo</a> member <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nikolaevich_Yakovlev" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev">Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev</a>, this party started as a joint project of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a> (CPSU) leadership and the <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jewish_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jewish-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nuclear_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nuclear-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yakovlev wrote in his memoirs that KGB director <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kryuchkov" title="Vladimir Kryuchkov">Vladimir Kryuchkov</a> presented the project of the puppet LDPSU party at a meeting with <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> and informed him about the selection of the LDPR leader. According to Yakovlev, the name of the party was chosen by KGB General <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Bobkov" class="mw-redirect" title="Philipp Bobkov">Philipp Bobkov</a>. Bobkov, however, stated that he was against the creation of "<a href="/wiki/Sergei_Vasilyevich_Zubatov" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergei Vasilyevich Zubatov">Zubatov's</a> pseudo-party under KGB control that would direct the interests and sentiments of certain social groups".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky's first political breakthrough came in June 1991, when he came third in Russia's <a href="/wiki/1991_Russian_presidential_election" title="1991 Russian presidential election">first presidential election</a>, gathering more than six million votes (7.81% of the vote).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky's <a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">populist platform</a> included promises to voters that if he elected, free <a href="/wiki/Vodka" title="Vodka">vodka</a> would be distributed to all. Similarly, he once remarked that if he were made president, <a href="/wiki/Underwear" title="Underwear">underwear</a> would be freely available during a political rally inside a Moscow department store.<sup id="cite_ref-Fedarko_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fedarko-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1990s_political_career">1990s political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1990s political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the party was renamed the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party of Russia</a>. In 1992 Zhirinovsky made contact with <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Le_Pen" title="Jean-Marie Le Pen">Jean-Marie Le Pen</a>, the then-leader of France's <a href="/wiki/Front_National_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Front National (France)">Front National</a> (FN). <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Limonov" title="Eduard Limonov">Eduard Limonov</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National-Bolshevik_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="National-Bolshevik Party">National-Bolshevik Party</a> introduced the two men to each other and the FN later "provided logistical support [to the LDPR], including computers and fax machines". Zhirinovsky suggested establishing the International Centre of Right-wing Parties in Moscow and invited Le Pen to visit Moscow.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Liberal Democratic Party was a significant force in <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Russia" title="Politics of Russia">Russian politics</a>, particularly in the early 1990s. At the height of its success, the LDPR gathered 23% of the vote in the <a href="/wiki/1993_Russian_legislative_election" title="1993 Russian legislative election">1993 Duma elections</a><sup id="cite_ref-Steele2022_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steele2022-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and achieved a broad representation throughout Russia – it gained the most votes in 64 out of 87 regions. This fact encouraged Zhirinovsky to once again run for president, this time against incumbent <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a>. The fact that Yeltsin's candidacy seemed seriously challenged by Russian nationalist groups and a rejuvenated Communist Party alarmed many outside observers, particularly in the Western world, who expressed concern that such developments posed a serious threat to the survival of Russian democracy, which was already in a very fragile state.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1990s, commentators described Zhirinovsky as <a href="/wiki/Fascist" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascist">fascist</a>, having fascist tendencies, and a <a href="/wiki/Neo-fascism" title="Neo-fascism">neo-fascist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-economist_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-economist-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-newrussia_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newrussia-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-abroadathome_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abroadathome-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During a visit to France in 1994, he said "It's all over for you once you're Americanized and Zionized", and threw stones and dirt at Jewish protesters. <a href="/wiki/Michael_Specter" title="Michael Specter">Michael Specter</a>, in a piece for <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> published in the same year, said Zhirinovsky's "party is not liberal, not democratic, and these days not much of a party".<sup id="cite_ref-joke_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joke-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 1995 <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> documentary showed Zhirinovsky telling the crowd at a campaign rally: "Help us, and you'll never have to vote again! I'm not saying, 'Vote for us and maybe in 20 years' time somebody will do something.' No, these will be the last elections! The last ones!"<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The LDPR was less successful in <a href="/wiki/1995_Russian_legislative_election" title="1995 Russian legislative election">the December 1995 legislative election</a>. </p><p>While some observers believed that Zhirinovsky's controversial statements were efforts to drum up nationalist support as electoral fodder meant for domestic consumption, there was considerable dismay when in February 1996 (months before <a href="/wiki/1996_Russian_presidential_election" title="1996 Russian presidential election">a presidential election</a>) Zhirinovsky placed second in opinion polls, behind the Communist Party's <a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a> and ahead of Yeltsin. In the election, Zhirinovsky placed fifth, with a 5.7% share in the first voting round.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/1999_Russian_legislative_election" title="1999 Russian legislative election">In 1999</a>, his party (running as the "Zhirinovsky Bloc") fared worse than it had in the previous election. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Putin-era_political_career">Putin-era political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Putin-era political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_with_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Vladimir_Putin_with_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky-2.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Vladimir_Putin_with_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky-2.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Vladimir_Putin_with_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky-2.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Putin_with_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>Zhirinovsky and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> at the Kremlin in 2000</figcaption></figure> <p>Zhirinovsky <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2000 presidential campaign">ran</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2000_Russian_presidential_election" title="2000 Russian presidential election">2000 presidential election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nuclear_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nuclear-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His party's fortunes stabilized. In the <a href="/wiki/2003_Russian_legislative_election" title="2003 Russian legislative election">2003 election</a> seeing an LDPR vote share of 11.7%,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nearly double its 1999 vote share. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pv-zhirinovsky-v-v-2004-money.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Pv-zhirinovsky-v-v-2004-money.jpg/220px-Pv-zhirinovsky-v-v-2004-money.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Pv-zhirinovsky-v-v-2004-money.jpg/330px-Pv-zhirinovsky-v-v-2004-money.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Pv-zhirinovsky-v-v-2004-money.jpg/440px-Pv-zhirinovsky-v-v-2004-money.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>Zhirinovsky in 2004 handing out money to random passers-by.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2004, Zhirinovsky declined to be <a href="/wiki/2004_Russian_presidential_election" title="2004 Russian presidential election">nominated by the party</a>, leaving that role to <a href="/wiki/Oleg_Malyshkin" title="Oleg Malyshkin">Oleg Malyshkin</a>, who received 2% support from voters.<sup id="cite_ref-lentam_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lentam-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2008 presidential campaign">ran</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2008_Russian_presidential_election" title="2008 Russian presidential election">2008 presidential election</a>, promising a "<a href="/wiki/Police_state" title="Police state">police state</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-nuclear_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nuclear-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/Summary_execution" title="Summary execution">summary executions</a>. </p><p>Zhirinovsky <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2012 presidential campaign">again ran</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2012_Russian_presidential_election" title="2012 Russian presidential election">2012 presidential election</a>. On 6 February 2012, Zhirinovsky released <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky%27s_donkey_video" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky's donkey video">a 30-second election video</a> on the Internet that featured him on a sleigh harnessed to a black <a href="/wiki/Donkey" title="Donkey">donkey</a> representing the country. The video was widely discussed on the Internet,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and received mostly negative reactions from Russian users.<sup id="cite_ref-profi-forex_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-profi-forex-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Organizations like <a href="/wiki/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals" title="People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals">People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals</a> (PETA) and the <a href="/wiki/World_Society_for_the_Protection_of_Animals" class="mw-redirect" title="World Society for the Protection of Animals">World Society for the Protection of Animals</a> (now known as <a href="/wiki/World_Animal_Protection" title="World Animal Protection">World Animal Protection</a>), as well as Russian animal rights activists, accused Zhirinovsky of <a href="/wiki/Cruelty_to_animals" title="Cruelty to animals">cruelty to animals</a>. He responded by saying that similar treatment is commonplace in the <a href="/wiki/Arab_world" title="Arab world">Arab world</a> and that the donkey had been treated "better than many people".<sup id="cite_ref-nr2-20120208_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nr2-20120208-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky was sanctioned by the <a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a> government on 12 September 2014 in relation to actively supporting the use of Russian Armed Forces in Ukraine and annexation of Crimea.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirivinsky <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2018 presidential campaign">ran for president a final time</a> in <a href="/wiki/2018_Russian_presidential_election" title="2018 Russian presidential election">the 2018 election</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Views">Views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" title="Political positions of Vladimir Zhirinovsky">Political positions of Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhirinovsky_Vladimir.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Zhirinovsky_Vladimir.jpg/220px-Zhirinovsky_Vladimir.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Zhirinovsky_Vladimir.jpg/330px-Zhirinovsky_Vladimir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Zhirinovsky_Vladimir.jpg/440px-Zhirinovsky_Vladimir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="1290" /></a><figcaption>Zhirinovsky speaking at a pre-election rally in 1999</figcaption></figure> <p>Zhirinovsky expressed admiration for the <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996 United States presidential election</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a>, referring positively to Buchanan's comment labelling the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> as "<a href="/wiki/Zionist_Occupation_Government_conspiracy_theory" title="Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory">Israeli-occupied territory</a>." Zhirinovsky said that both the United States and the Russian Federation were "under occupation" and that "to survive, we could set aside places on U.S. and <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast" title="Jewish Autonomous Oblast">Russian territories</a> to deport this small but troublesome tribe."<sup id="cite_ref-buchanan_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buchanan-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Buchanan strongly rejected this endorsement, saying he would provide safe haven to persecuted minorities if Zhirinovsky were ever elected Russia's president, which elicited a harsh response by Zhirinovsky: "You soiled your pants as soon as you got my congratulations. Who are you afraid of, <a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionists</a>?"<sup id="cite_ref-buchanan_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buchanan-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholars of Russia consider him to have a <a href="/wiki/Eurasianism#Eurasianism_as_ideology" title="Eurasianism">neo-Eurasianist</a> outlook.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition expressing his concern for <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peoples_of_the_Caucasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoples of the Caucasus">Caucasians</a> displacing the Russian population from their settled territory,<sup id="cite_ref-big_bad_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-big_bad-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky also advocated for all <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese people in Russia">Chinese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_people_in_Russia" title="Japanese people in Russia">Japanese</a> people to be deported from the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Far_East" title="Russian Far East">Russian Far East</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his 1992 visit to the United States, Zhirinovsky called for "the preservation of the <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white race</a>" on television and warned that the white Americans were in danger of turning their country over to <a href="/wiki/Black_people" title="Black people">Black</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hispanic" title="Hispanic">Hispanic</a> people.<sup id="cite_ref-joke_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joke-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, Zhirinovsky spoke at the City Court of Saint Petersburg, in reference to the assassination of <a href="/wiki/Galina_Starovoytova" title="Galina Starovoytova">Galina Starovoytova</a>. After accusing Starovoytova of having worked for foreign intelligence, he said "I have always said openly that for democrats of pro-Western orientation there are only three roads: prison, the grave, and emigration."<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 August 2014, Zhirinovsky said Russia should abolish political parties, instead favouring an autocratic system in which the leader would be chosen by the "five to six thousand wisest people" in the country. He also proposed returning to the Imperial flag and <a href="/wiki/God_Save_the_Tsar!" title="God Save the Tsar!">anthem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposals were rejected by Putin.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2016, inspired by <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s signature <a href="/wiki/Trump_wall" title="Trump wall">border wall</a> proposal, Zhirinovsky proposed building a border wall and banning Muslims from entering Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Daily_Beast_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Daily_Beast-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Last_Break_Southward"><i>The Last Break Southward</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Last Break Southward"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <i>The Last Break Southward</i> (1995), Zhirinovsky described his worldview, which is as follows: "Since the 1980s, I have elaborated a geopolitical conception—the last break southward, Russia's reach to the shores of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> and the Mediterranean." This is "really the solution for the salvation of the Russian nation ... It solves all problems and we gain tranquility."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, Russia would rule the space "from Kabul to Istanbul,"<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the United States would feel safer with the Russian rule in the region because wars would cease. Perhaps some people in Kabul, Teheran, or Ankara would not like it, but many people would feel better. "The Persians and Turks would suffer a bit but all the rest would gain."<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The "bells of the Orthodox Church must bell from the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean," and <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> becomes close. It is necessary that "the Christian world reunifies in Jerusalem," and the Palestinian problem can be solved by partial transfer of the Palestinian population to the former territories of Turkey and Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The great Russian language and Russian ruble would wield Near Eastern and Central Asian peoples into one Russian citizenship.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Along the Russia southern sphere from India to Bosporus, other spheres of influence will stretch from north to south in the forthcoming world order, Latin America would be in the American sphere, Africa in the European sphere.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Japan and China will rule <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, and Australia. Everywhere "the direction is the same—north-south."<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geopolitically, he saw his position as logical: "Hence, the distribution along such a geopolitical formula would be very beneficent for the whole of humanity, and all over the planet would be established warm and clear political climate."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"On this occasion, we need a man with at least planetary thinking," who would realise "the geopolitical formula, guaranteeing the interests of the majority on the planet ... This is the fate of Russia. It is destination, fate ... We must do it, for we have no choice ... This is geopolitics."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> We would do it, assured Zhirinovsky alluding to himself, by the efforts of an "honest, perseverant, patriotically inspired President."<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_relations_and_military_excursions">Foreign relations and military excursions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Foreign relations and military excursions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%90%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%9C_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/%D0%90%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%9C_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0..jpg/220px-%D0%90%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%9C_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/%D0%90%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%9C_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0..jpg/330px-%D0%90%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%9C_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/%D0%90%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%9C_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0..jpg/440px-%D0%90%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%9C_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>Protests against the extradition and pardon of <a href="/wiki/Ramil_Safarov" title="Ramil Safarov">Ramil Safarov</a>, Azerbaijani military officer, who murdered Armenian officer <a href="/wiki/Gurgen_Margaryan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurgen Margaryan">Gurgen Margaryan</a> during a NATO Partnership for Peace program, December 2012</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_in_the_State_Duma_(2018-01-10).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-01-10%29.jpg/220px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-01-10%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-01-10%29.jpg/330px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-01-10%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-01-10%29.jpg/440px-Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_in_the_State_Duma_%282018-01-10%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3610" data-file-height="2645" /></a><figcaption>Zhirinovsky speaking in front of the State Duma, 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>Zhirinovsky was known for his boasts pertaining to other countries, having expressed a desire to reunite countries of the ex-Soviet "<a href="/wiki/Near_abroad" title="Near abroad">near abroad</a>" with Russia to within the Russia's borders of 1900 (including Finland and Poland). He advocated forcibly retaking <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> from the United States (which would then become "a great place to put the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a>"), turning Kazakhstan into "Russia's back yard", and provoking wars between the clans and the nations of the former Soviet Union and occupying what would remain of it after the wars.<sup id="cite_ref-threats_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threats-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky, who encouraged <a href="/wiki/Separatism" title="Separatism">separatism</a> within the Russian <a href="/wiki/Minority_group" title="Minority group">minority</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states" title="Baltic states">Baltic countries</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-nuclear_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nuclear-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> endorsed the forcible re-occupation of these countries and said that <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_waste" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear waste">nuclear waste</a> should be dumped there.<sup id="cite_ref-threats_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threats-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky supported Israel-Russia relations, but said that Israel had to make Russian its official language. He also believed Israel has to pay more attention to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that Russians are endangered in Israel and should come under the protection of the Russian police.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky led several official Russian delegations to Israel, on behalf of the Russian government. Visiting Israel, he said that he was concerned mainly about the economic situation for the more than one million <a href="/wiki/Russian_Jews_in_Israel" title="Russian Jews in Israel">Russians living in Israel</a>. He also stated that "Russia will never allow any violence against Israel."<sup id="cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newsru.co.il-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 1990s, Zhirinovsky proposed setting up large fans on the Russian border to blow airborne radioactive waste into the Baltic states.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To eradicate the <a href="/wiki/Influenzavirus_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenzavirus A">bird flu</a>, he proposed arming all of Russia's population and ordering them and the troops to shoot down migrating birds returning to Russia from <a href="/wiki/Wintering" class="mw-redirect" title="Wintering">wintering</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1994, Zhirinovsky sued <a href="/wiki/Swedish-speaking_Finns" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish-speaking Finns">Finland Swedish</a> politician <a href="/wiki/Jutta_Zilliacus" title="Jutta Zilliacus">Jutta Zilliacus</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Theatre" title="Swedish Theatre">Swedish Theatre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> for <a href="/wiki/Defamation" title="Defamation">defamation</a> because Zilliacus had used the word "galenpanna", or "madcap", to describe him. In December 1994, the district court of <a href="/wiki/Vantaa" title="Vantaa">Vantaa, Finland</a> <a href="/wiki/Acquittal" title="Acquittal">acquitted</a> her.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in the 1990s, Zhirinovsky threatened to remove restrictions on arms sales to <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and proposed selling the disputed <a href="/wiki/Kuril_Islands" title="Kuril Islands">Kuril Islands</a> to Japan for US$50 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-eccentric_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eccentric-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1999, at the start of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Chechen_War" title="Second Chechen War">Second Chechen War</a>, Zhirinovsky, an ardent supporter of <a href="/wiki/First_Chechen_War" title="First Chechen War">the first war in Chechnya</a> in the mid-1990s, advocated hitting some <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechen</a> villages with <a href="/wiki/Tactical_nuclear_weapon" title="Tactical nuclear weapon">tactical nuclear weapons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also advocated using <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear weapons">nuclear weapons</a> and naval <a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">blockade</a>-imposed starvation in the event of a Russian war against Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-threats_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threats-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, during the resulting political row between the United Kingdom and Russia, he suggested dropping nuclear bombs over the Atlantic Ocean in an effort to flood Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-nuclear_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nuclear-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky hailed what he described as "the democratic process" in <a href="/wiki/Iraq_under_Saddam_Hussein" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraq under Saddam Hussein">Iraq under Saddam Hussein</a>, whom he supported strongly. The friendship dated from at least the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Persian Gulf War</a> in 1991, during which time Zhirinovsky sent several armed volunteers from the "Falcons of Zhirinovsky" group to support the Iraqi president. Allegations dogged Zhirinovsky after the <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Baghdad" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 invasion of Baghdad">fall of Baghdad</a> asserting that he personally profited from illicit oil sales as part of the <a href="/wiki/Oil-for-Food_Programme" title="Oil-for-Food Programme">Oil-for Food scandal</a>, a charge investigated in 2005 by the Independent Inquiry Committee into the Oil-for-Food Programme (<a href="/wiki/Paul_Volcker" title="Paul Volcker">Volcker</a> Commission) and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Homeland_Security_and_Governmental_Affairs_Permanent_Subcommittee_on_Investigations" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations">U.S. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations</a> (PSI).<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also close to the Serbian nationalist leader <a href="/wiki/Vojislav_%C5%A0e%C5%A1elj" title="Vojislav Šešelj">Vojislav Šešelj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-threats_60-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threats-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a 2002 video,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a drunken Zhirinovsky, hugging two young men, threatened <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> using offensive language against a <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="United States invasion of Iraq">war in Iraq</a>, promised him a cell in the <a href="/wiki/Butyrka" class="mw-redirect" title="Butyrka">Butyrka</a> pre-detention facility, and suggested to strike on <a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a>, or some other targets instead in coalition with Russia. He called the United States a "flea market" filled with "cocksuckers, jerkers, and faggots", and claimed that Russian scientists were able to change the <a href="/wiki/Gravitational_field" title="Gravitational field">gravitational field</a> of the Earth and sink the entire country and <a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">elect a President in the US</a> loyal to Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-vice2013_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vice2013-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He mentioned <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky">Monica Lewinsky</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> in the video. Zhirinovsky called Rice "a black whore who needs a good cock. Send her here, one of our divisions will make her happy in the barracks one night. She will choke on Russian sperm as it will be leaking out of her ears ... until she crawls to the US embassy in Moscow on her knees."<sup id="cite_ref-vice2013_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vice2013-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky said he dreamt of the day "when Russian soldiers can wash their boots in the warm waters of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> and switch to year-round summer uniforms"<sup id="cite_ref-boots_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boots-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> following Russia's conquest of Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkey and occupation of the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-big_bad_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-big_bad-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also declared that Bulgaria should <a href="/wiki/Annexation" title="Annexation">annex</a> the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Republic of Macedonia</a>, and said that Romania is an artificial state supposedly created by Italian <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Gypsies</a> who seized territory from Russia, Bulgaria, and Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-hello_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hello-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The country of Georgia was another frequent target of Zhirinovsky's rhetoric. After <a href="/wiki/Aslan_Abashidze" title="Aslan Abashidze">Aslan Abashidze</a> was ousted from his position as leader of Ajara, an autonomous Georgian region power, in 2004, Zhirinovsky worried that similar revolutions would occur in <a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Highly critical of Georgia's pro-Western line,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was an energetic supporter of the republic of Abkhazia that broke away from the Republic of Georgia. In a high-profile incident in August 2004, he departed on a campaign to promote a tourist season in Abkhazia aboard a cruise ship which was briefly intercepted by a Georgian coast guard vessel.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky was expelled from Bulgaria for insulting its president and barred from entry in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-eccentric_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eccentric-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, Kazakhstan declared Zhirinovsky <i><a href="/wiki/Persona_non_grata" title="Persona non grata">persona non grata</a></i> on the territory of his historical homeland, due to his controversial speech about the change of the Russia-Kazakhstan border, in which he questioned the <a href="/wiki/Kazakhs" title="Kazakhs">Kazakhs</a>' place in history.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, Zhirinovsky became <i><a href="/wiki/Persona_non_grata" title="Persona non grata">persona non grata</a></i> in Ukraine as well, following his statements regarding the January 2006 <a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="Russia–Ukraine gas dispute">Russia–Ukraine gas dispute</a>. His ban was revoked in 2007. In reaction to U.S. Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a>'s criticism of <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Russia" title="Foreign relations of Russia">Russian foreign policy</a> during the dispute, Zhirinovsky stated, "Condoleezza Rice needs a company of soldiers [and] needs to be taken to <a href="/wiki/Barracks" title="Barracks">barracks</a> where she would be satisfied."<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_Jae-in_in_the_Russian_State_Duma_(2018-06-21)_16.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Moon_Jae-in_in_the_Russian_State_Duma_%282018-06-21%29_16.jpg/220px-Moon_Jae-in_in_the_Russian_State_Duma_%282018-06-21%29_16.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Moon_Jae-in_in_the_Russian_State_Duma_%282018-06-21%29_16.jpg/330px-Moon_Jae-in_in_the_Russian_State_Duma_%282018-06-21%29_16.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Moon_Jae-in_in_the_Russian_State_Duma_%282018-06-21%29_16.jpg/440px-Moon_Jae-in_in_the_Russian_State_Duma_%282018-06-21%29_16.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3662" data-file-height="2630" /></a><figcaption>Zhirinovsky with South Korean President <a href="/wiki/Moon_Jae-in" title="Moon Jae-in">Moon Jae-in</a> in June 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>After the November 2006 <a href="/wiki/Poisoning_of_Alexander_Litvinenko" title="Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko">death by poisoning</a> of Russian <a href="/wiki/Defection" title="Defection">defector</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Litvinenko" title="Alexander Litvinenko">Alexander Litvinenko</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, Zhirinovsky said: "Any traitor must be eliminated using any methods. If you have joined the special services to work, then you should work, but to betray, to run away abroad, to give up the secrets you learned while working – all of this looks bad."<sup id="cite_ref-www.ebru.tv_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.ebru.tv-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Abeltsev" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergei Abeltsev">Sergei Abeltsev</a>, Zhirinovsky's former <a href="/wiki/Bodyguard" title="Bodyguard">bodyguard</a> and <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a> member from the LDPR, added: "The deserved punishment reached the traitor. I am sure his terrible death will be a warning to all the traitors that in Russia treason is not to be forgiven. I would recommend to citizen <a href="/wiki/Boris_Berezovsky_(businessman)" title="Boris Berezovsky (businessman)">Berezovsky</a> to avoid any food at the commemoration for his criminal accomplice Litvinenko."<sup id="cite_ref-Abeltsev_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abeltsev-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2007_Russian_legislative_election" title="2007 Russian legislative election">2007 Russian election</a>, political patronage from Zhirinovsky enabled Litvinenko murder suspect <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Lugovoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrei Lugovoi">Andrei Lugovoi</a> to win election to the Russian parliament and thus obtain formal <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_immunity" title="Parliamentary immunity">parliamentary immunity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-clown_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clown-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82" class="extiw" title="ru:Англичанка гадит">accused Great Britain</a> (according to him, "the most barbaric country on the planet") of fomenting <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a>, World War II, and the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/2008_South_Ossetia_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2008 South Ossetia war">war broke out between Russia and Georgia in 2008</a>, Zhirinovsky argued in favour of Russian recognition <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Abkhazia_and_South_Ossetia" title="International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia">of Abkhazian and South Ossetian independence</a>. "We should have taken the whole territory of Georgia under control," he complained, and "arrested all Georgian officers and taken them here, like to <a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base" title="Guantanamo Bay Naval Base">Guantanamo</a>, arrested <a href="/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili">Saakashvili</a> and handed him over for trial by a military tribunal and gone to the border with Turkey."<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the premiere of the film <i><a href="/wiki/Taras_Bulba_(2009_film)" title="Taras Bulba (2009 film)">Taras Bulba</a></i> in 2009, Zhirinovsky stated: "Everyone who sees the film will understand that Russians and Ukrainians are one people – and that the enemy is from the West".<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Writing about <a href="/wiki/Marine_Le_Pen" title="Marine Le Pen">Marine Le Pen</a>, Zhirinovsky in 2011 said that she could out do her father because "Instead of saying that Islam is terrorism, she simply insists that France is a secular nation that will not stand for hundreds of thousands of Muslims practicing their religious traditions. With this argument, Marine has cleverly defended the French people's right to a secular nation." In that vein, Zhirinovsky said that she has the "chance to represent the French majority."<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, when asked about former Ukrainian prime minister <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a>, Zhirinovsky said, "Yulia Tymoshenko, I'm sorry, is a woman. I don't like them, as it's easier to persuade a woman. [...] Women are more compliant, and it's dangerous."<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the wake of the February 2013 <a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_meteor" title="Chelyabinsk meteor">Chelyabinsk meteor</a>, Zhirinovsky was quoted by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_International_News_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian International News Agency">Russian International News Agency</a> as claiming "It's not meteors falling, it's the test of a new weapon by the Americans."<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, he derided the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Russian Academy of Sciences">Russian Academy of Sciences</a> for <a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">anarchism</a> and having scientists so old that their brains and reproductive organs no longer worked, telling the "elders" to go home and collect their pensions.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 April 2014, in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea</a>, <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a> fast-food restaurant franchises in Russia were unable to continue operating after being cut off by their Ukrainian franchisor. Zhirinovsky suggested that McDonald's "should be evicted from Russia" for the affront.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 July, amidst <a href="/wiki/2014_insurgency_in_Donbass" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 insurgency in Donbass">an armed insurgency in Eastern Ukraine</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Ukraine_crisis_timeline_BBC_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ukraine_crisis_timeline_BBC-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Interior_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian Interior Ministry">Ukrainian Interior Ministry</a> launched criminal proceedings against Zhirinovsky and <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party of the Russian Federation</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a> for "financing actions aimed at changing the boundaries of the territory and the state border of Ukraine".<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August, Zhirinovsky threatened <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> and the Baltic states with <a href="/wiki/Carpet_bombing" title="Carpet bombing">carpet bombing</a>, dooming them all to be wiped out.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also sent letters to the governments of Poland, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> suggesting that Ukraine be divided between Russia and these three countries.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>"What will remain of the Baltics? Nothing will remain of them. <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> airplanes are stationed there. There's an anti-missile defense system. In Poland – the Baltics – they are on the whole doomed. They'll be wiped out. </p><p>There will be nothing left. Let them re-think this, these leaders of these little dwarf states. How they are leaving themselves vulnerable. </p><p> Nothing threatens America, it's far away. But Eastern Europe countries will place themselves under the threat of total annihilation. Only they themselves will be to blame. Because we cannot allow missiles and planes to be aimed at Russia from their territories. We have to destroy them half an hour before they launch. And then we have to do carpet bombing so that not a single launch pad remains or even one plane. So – no Baltics, no Poland. Let NATO immediately ask for negotiations with our Foreign Ministry. Then we'll stop. Otherwise well have to teach them the lessons of May 1945."</p></blockquote> <p>In May 2015, Zhirinovsky stated that former President of Georgia and then-<a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> governor <a href="/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili">Mikheil Saakashvili</a> should be killed. "We will shoot all of your governors, starting with Saakashvili, then they'll be afraid. And there will be a different situation in Europe and Ukraine. ... Let's aim at Berlin, Brussels, London, and Washington." He then said Ukrainian political prisoner <a href="/wiki/Nadiya_Savchenko" title="Nadiya Savchenko">Nadiya Savchenko</a> should be shot and hanged in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2015, after a Turkish F-16 fighter <a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">shot down a Russian Sukhoi Su-24M jet</a> near the Syria–Turkey border, Zhirinovsky said in a speech to the Duma that Russia must detonate a nuclear bomb on the <a href="/wiki/Bosporus" title="Bosporus">Bosphorus</a> to create a 10-meter-high <a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a> wave to wipe out at least 9 million Istanbul residents.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2016, Zhirinovsky prayed for the Republican <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">U.S. presidential election</a> nominee, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> to defeat <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, whom he considered dangerous, in order to take his party's ideology global. He also expressed his desire to test his DNA to determine whether he and Trump were related.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2016, inspired by <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Trump_wall" title="Trump wall">border wall</a> policy, Zhirinovsky proposed building a border wall and banning Muslims from entering Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Daily_Beast_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Daily_Beast-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October, Zhirinovsky in an interview said that a vote for Hillary Clinton in the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">U.S. presidential election</a> was a vote for <a href="/wiki/World_War_III" title="World War III">a third World War</a>, leading to Hiroshimas and Nagasakis everywhere. In contrast, he stated, Trump wouldn't care about Syria, Libya, Iraq, and Ukraine, and thus represented a more peaceful alternative.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_Oct12_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Oct12-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2017, Zhirinovsky promised to drink champagne if Donald Trump were <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">impeached</a>, saying: "A half of Americans voted for different foreign policies. Trump breaks his promises, and if he continues breaking them, his impeachment is inevitable."<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 United States Capitol attack">2021 United States Capitol attack</a>, Zhirinovsky praised Trump and <a href="/wiki/Tweeted" class="mw-redirect" title="Tweeted">tweeted</a>: "Be brave Donald. We're with you, you'll get help from abroad."<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%A4_21_May_2015_37.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%A4_21_May_2015_37.jpg/220px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%A4_21_May_2015_37.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%A4_21_May_2015_37.jpg/330px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%A4_21_May_2015_37.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%A4_21_May_2015_37.jpg/440px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A0%D0%A4_21_May_2015_37.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>Zhirinovsky receiving the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Alexander_Nevsky" title="Order of Alexander Nevsky">Order of Alexander Nevsky</a> from Vladimir Putin in 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>In a speech on 27 December 2021, Zhirinovsky appeared to almost predict the day of the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> of 24 February 2022, stating: "We shouldn't saber rattle, [we] need to say: let's comply [with the conditions demanded by Russia], and if you refuse , then we can apply another agenda . And which one — you will feel it, at 4 o'clock in the morning , on February 22. I would wish 2022 to be a peaceful year, but I love the truth, for 75 years I have been telling the truth. It will not be a peaceful year. It will be a year when Russia eventually becomes a great country, and everyone must shut up and respect our country, otherwise they shut our mouth and start exterminate Russians first in Donbass and then in western Russia, so let's in this way appreciate a new direction of foreign policy of Russia."<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Threatening_behaviour_and_assaults">Threatening behaviour and assaults</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Threatening behaviour and assaults"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zhirinovsky had a history of personal violence in political contexts. In his debate with <a href="/wiki/Boris_Nemtsov" title="Boris Nemtsov">Boris Nemtsov</a> in 1995, Zhirinovsky threw a glass of orange juice at him on live television.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, he engaged in a fistfight following a television debate with <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Delyagin" title="Mikhail Delyagin">Mikhail Delyagin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, Zhirinovsky ignited <a href="/wiki/Legislative_violence" title="Legislative violence">a brawl in parliament</a> by spitting at <a href="/wiki/Rodina_(political_party)" title="Rodina (political party)">Rodina</a> party legislator <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Saveliyev" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrei Saveliyev">Andrei Saveliyev</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, he showed himself shooting a rifle at targets representing his political rivals.<sup id="cite_ref-nuclear_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nuclear-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, Zhirinovsky, at one of the meetings of the <a href="/wiki/4th_State_Duma" title="4th State Duma">State Duma of the fourth convocation</a>, publicly expressed disagreement with the result of the parliamentary elections in the <a href="/wiki/Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug</a>, where <a href="/wiki/United_Russia" title="United Russia">United Russia</a> won, and demonstratively left the meeting room. Passing by the <a href="/wiki/Rodina_(political_party)" title="Rodina (political party)">Rodina</a> faction, he got into an argument with <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Викторов, Иван Кириллович">Ivan Viktorov</a>. Viktorov's colleague <a href="/wiki/Andrey_Savelyev" title="Andrey Savelyev">Andrey Savelyev</a>, commenting on the dispute between Zhirinovsky and Viktorov, noted that "spittle is flying": in response to this, Zhirinovsky spat at Savelyev, and a fight immediately broke out with the participation of members of the LDPR (including <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Abeltsev" title="Sergey Abeltsev">Sergey Abeltsev</a>). As <a href="/wiki/NTV_(Russia)" title="NTV (Russia)">NTV</a> channel reporter <a href="/wiki/Alexey_Pivovarov" title="Alexey Pivovarov">Alexey Pivovarov</a> reported, some time ago, Savelyev had already had a fight with Zhirinovsky on television during a discussion of a national issue. The then-head of the Rodina faction, <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Rogozin" title="Dmitry Rogozin">Dmitry Rogozin</a>, demanded that Zhirinovsky be deprived of his post as vice-speaker of the State Duma and that a criminal case be opened against him, and Savelyev filed a statement with the prosecutor's office.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 2008 televised presidential debate, Zhirinovsky threatened Nikolai Gotsa, representative of <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Democratic Party of Russia">Democratic Party of Russia</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Vladimirovich_Bogdanov" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrei Vladimirovich Bogdanov">Andrei Bogdanov</a>, with violence, saying he was going to "smash his head" and ordering his bodyguard to "shoot that bastard over there in the corridor". Gotsa sued Zhirinovsky in civil court for 1 million rubles (approximately US$38,000) in damages and was eventually awarded 30,000 rubles (approximately US$1,150).<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At an April 2014 press conference in the Duma, Zhirinovsky made violent verbal threats against Stella Dubovitskaya, a pregnant <a href="/wiki/Rossiya_Segodnya" title="Rossiya Segodnya">Rossiya Segodnya</a> journalist, who asked him about possible sanctions against Ukraine in the wake of Russia's <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Crimean annexation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When asked whether Russians should reciprocate in kind after Ukrainians initiated a <a href="/wiki/Sex_strike" title="Sex strike">sex strike</a> against Russian men,<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky replied that all Ukrainian women were "<a href="/wiki/Nymphomaniac" class="mw-redirect" title="Nymphomaniac">nymphomaniacs</a>", and that Dubovitskaya was as well.<sup id="cite_ref-huffingtonpost.co.uk_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-huffingtonpost.co.uk-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then ordered two of his aides to "violently rape" the journalist, who had to be briefly hospitalized for <a href="/wiki/Shock_(circulatory)" title="Shock (circulatory)">shock</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later apologized, adding that he "spoke a bit rudely when I replied to a young woman".<sup id="cite_ref-huffingtonpost.co.uk_112-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-huffingtonpost.co.uk-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2018, male journalist Renat Davletgildeyev accused Zhirinovsky of sexual harassment,<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite his public expression of <a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">homophobic</a> positions.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zhirinovsky married Galina Lebedeva, a lawyer and daughter of a retired general in the early 1970s. The couple had three children: two sons and a daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ilya_Ponomarev" title="Ilya Ponomarev">Ilya Ponomarev</a> has alleged Zhirinovsky was gay in a 2017 interview given in Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1996 openly gay journalist Yaroslav Mogutin suggested it was "a foregone conclusion" that Zhirinovsky was gay, according to Russia's gay intelligensia in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Advocate_(magazine)" title="The Advocate (magazine)">The Advocate</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky was a <a href="/wiki/Multilingualism" title="Multilingualism">polyglot</a> and was fluent in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Illness_and_death">Illness and death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Illness and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2022, Zhirinovsky was hospitalized in <a href="/wiki/Critical_condition" class="mw-redirect" title="Critical condition">critical condition</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> with <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March, he was reportedly placed in a <a href="/wiki/Medically_induced_coma" class="mw-redirect" title="Medically induced coma">medically induced coma</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and underwent treatment for COVID-19 complications such as <a href="/wiki/Sepsis" title="Sepsis">sepsis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Respiratory_failure" title="Respiratory failure">respiratory failure</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zhirinovsky claimed to have been vaccinated against COVID-19 eight times.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 March 2022, Zhirinovsky was reported to have died in a hospital. Despite confirmation from several sources, including his own political party, the news was quickly denied by family members.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 6 April 2022, <a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Volodin" title="Vyacheslav Volodin">Vyacheslav Volodin</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_State_Duma" title="Chairman of the State Duma">Speaker of the Duma</a>, announced that Zhirinovsky had died following a long illness. He was 75.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a statement after Zhirinovsky died, president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> said he "always defended his patriotic position and Russia's interests before any audience and in the fiercest of debates".<sup id="cite_ref-NYTobit_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTobit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zhirinovsky's funeral was officiated by <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Kirill_of_Moscow" title="Patriarch Kirill of Moscow">Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and all Rus'</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Christ_the_Saviour" title="Cathedral of Christ the Saviour">Cathedral of Christ the Saviour</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, at the presence of several high-ranking politicians, including Putin, Volodin and Minister of Defence <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Shoigu" title="Sergei Shoigu">Sergei Shoigu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 6 April 2023, a monument to Zhirinovsky was unveiled at the <a href="/wiki/Novodevichy_Cemetery" title="Novodevichy Cemetery">Novodevichy Cemetery</a> in Moscow.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" title="Electoral history of Vladimir Zhirinovsky">Electoral history of Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Dugin" title="Aleksandr Dugin">Aleksandr Dugin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashism" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashism">Rashism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_nationalism" title="Russian nationalism">Russian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_State_Duma_of_Russia_who_died_in_office" title="List of members of the State Duma of Russia who died in office">List of members of the State Duma of Russia who died in office</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Steele2022-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Steele2022_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steele2022_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steele2022_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steele2022_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSteele2022" class="citation web cs1">Steele, Jonathan (6 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/06/vladimir-zhirinovsky-obituary">"Vladimir Zhirinovsky obituary"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+obituary&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2022%2Fapr%2F06%2Fvladimir-zhirinovsky-obituary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTobit-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacFarquharTroianovskiNechepurenko2022" class="citation news cs1">MacFarquhar, Neil; Troianovski, Anton; Nechepurenko, Ivan (6 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/06/world/europe/vladimir-zhirinovsky-dead.html">"Vladimir V. Zhirinovsky Dies at 75; Ultranationalist Russian Politician"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Vladimir+V.+Zhirinovsky+Dies+at+75%3B+Ultranationalist+Russian+Politician&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=MacFarquhar&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft.au=Troianovski%2C+Anton&rft.au=Nechepurenko%2C+Ivan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F04%2F06%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fvladimir-zhirinovsky-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180418205733/http://duma.gov.ru/duma/persons/99100142/">"Жириновский Владимир Вольфович"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://duma.gov.ru/duma/persons/99100142/">the original</a> on 18 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&rft.pub=State+Duma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fduma.gov.ru%2Fduma%2Fpersons%2F99100142%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIlyushinaBernstein2022" class="citation web cs1">Ilyushina, Mary; Bernstein, Adam (6 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2022/04/06/vladimir-zhirinovsky-russia-dies/">"Vladimir Zhirinovsky, ultranationalist Russian political leader, dies at 75"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Vladimir+Zhirinovsky%2C+ultranationalist+Russian+political+leader%2C+dies+at+75&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft.aulast=Ilyushina&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.au=Bernstein%2C+Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fobituaries%2F2022%2F04%2F06%2Fvladimir-zhirinovsky-russia-dies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-clown-showman-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-clown-showman_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-16750990">"Profiles of Russia's 2012 presidential election candidates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 30 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Profiles+of+Russia%27s+2012+presidential+election+candidates&rft.date=2012-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-16750990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-antisemitism-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-antisemitism_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-antisemitism_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1446759.stm">"Zhirinovsky admits Jewish roots"</a>. 19 July 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Zhirinovsky+admits+Jewish+roots&rft.date=2001-07-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F1446759.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130131174246/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/513147471.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+18,+1993&author=&pub=The+Spectator&desc=Will+the+real+Zhirinovsky+stand+up%3F&pqatl=google">"Will the real Zhirinovsky stand up?"</a>. 18 December 1993. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/513147471.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+18%2C+1993&author=&pub=The+Spectator&desc=Will+the+real+Zhirinovsky+stand+up%3F&pqatl=google">the original</a> on 31 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Will+the+real+Zhirinovsky+stand+up%3F&rft.date=1993-12-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpqasb.pqarchiver.com%2Fthestar%2Faccess%2F513147471.html%3FFMT%3DABS%26FMTS%3DABS%3AFT%26type%3Dcurrent%26date%3DDec%2B18%252C%2B1993%26author%3D%26pub%3DThe%2BSpectator%26desc%3DWill%2Bthe%2Breal%2BZhirinovsky%2Bstand%2Bup%253F%26pqatl%3Dgoogle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PG&p_theme=pg&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EADEF690BCD314A&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">"Russian Extremist's Roots Traced – Zhirinovsky Recalls Many Petty Slights He Experienced in Teens"</a>. <i>Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</i>. 6 February 1994.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Russian+Extremist%27s+Roots+Traced+%E2%80%93+Zhirinovsky+Recalls+Many+Petty+Slights+He+Experienced+in+Teens&rft.date=1994-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnl.newsbank.com%2Fnl-search%2Fwe%2FArchives%3Fp_product%3DPG%26p_theme%3Dpg%26p_action%3Dsearch%26p_maxdocs%3D200%26p_topdoc%3D1%26p_text_direct-0%3D0EADEF690BCD314A%26p_field_direct-0%3Ddocument_id%26p_perpage%3D10%26p_sort%3DYMD_date%3AD%26s_trackval%3DGooglePM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yqyq.net/55753-Vladimir_ZHirinovskiiy_enfant_terrible_russkoiy_politiki.html">Vladimir Zhirinovsky – enfant terrible of Countryn politics » News from different disciplines</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131216235518/http://yqyq.net/55753-Vladimir_ZHirinovskiiy_enfant_terrible_russkoiy_politiki.html">Archived</a> 16 December 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Yqyq.net (25 April 1946).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newsru.co.il-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsru.co.il_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsru.co.il/israel/25jun2006/zhirinovsky_stury.html">"Владимир Жириновский: я – не "сын юриста". Рассказ об отце"</a>. <i>NEWSru.co.il</i> (in Russian). 25 June 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NEWSru.co.il&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80+%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%3A+%D1%8F+%E2%80%93+%D0%BD%D0%B5+%22%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD+%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%22.+%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D0%BE%D0%B1+%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%86%D0%B5&rft.date=2006-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsru.co.il%2Fisrael%2F25jun2006%2Fzhirinovsky_stury.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newsru.com.il2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newsru.com.il2_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newsru.com.il2_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsru.co.il/israel/25feb2014/duma_il_112.html">Жириновский в Израиле говорил об антисемитизме на Украине</a> 25 февраля 2014 г., 21:14, NewsRU.co.il</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kp.ru/daily/26444/3315543">Zhirinovsky beats with Kiev factory of his grandfather</a> 13 OCTOBER. 2015, Elena Chinkova</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panorama.ru/works/oe/zhirinoe.html">Zhirinovsky Vladimir Volfovich</a> Panorama.ru</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.panorama.ru/works/oe/zhirinoe.html">Zhirinovsky Vladimir Volfovich</a> Panorama.ru</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmemann1993" class="citation news cs1">Schmemann, Serge (16 December 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/16/world/the-russian-vote-in-moscow-zhirinovsky-is-remembered-as-jewish-advocate.html">"THE RUSSIAN VOTE; In Moscow, Zhirinovsky Is Remembered as Jewish Advocate"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=THE+RUSSIAN+VOTE%3B+In+Moscow%2C+Zhirinovsky+Is+Remembered+as+Jewish+Advocate&rft.date=1993-12-16&rft.aulast=Schmemann&rft.aufirst=Serge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F12%2F16%2Fworld%2Fthe-russian-vote-in-moscow-zhirinovsky-is-remembered-as-jewish-advocate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forerunner.com/predvestnik/X0065_Zhirinovsky.html">Vladimir Zhirinovsky on Religion in Russia — Predvestnik</a>. Forerunner.com (1 May 1996).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2022/04/07/vladimir-zhirinovsky-foul-mouthed-ultranationalist-standard/">"Vladimir Zhirinovsky, foul-mouthed ultranationalist standard-bearer for Russian imperial revanchism – obituary"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London. 7 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Vladimir+Zhirinovsky%2C+foul-mouthed+ultranationalist+standard-bearer+for+Russian+imperial+revanchism+%E2%80%93+obituary&rft.date=2022-04-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fobituaries%2F2022%2F04%2F07%2Fvladimir-zhirinovsky-foul-mouthed-ultranationalist-standard%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jewish-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jewish_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE4D81239F935A25751C1A965958260">In Moscow, Zhirinovsky Is Remembered as Jewish Advocate</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, 16 December 1993</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nuclear-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nuclear_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nuclear_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nuclear_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nuclear_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nuclear_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nuclear_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin_Bidder2008" class="citation web cs1">Benjamin Bidder (28 February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,538403,00.html">"Nuclear Threats and Busty Ladies in the Race for Second-Place in Russia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nuclear+Threats+and+Busty+Ladies+in+the+Race+for+Second-Place+in+Russia&rft.pub=Der+Spiegel&rft.date=2008-02-28&rft.au=Benjamin+Bidder&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fworld%2F0%2C1518%2C538403%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nikolaevich_Yakovlev" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev">Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev</a> <i>Time of Darkness</i>, Moscow, 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-85646-097-9" title="Special:BookSources/5-85646-097-9">5-85646-097-9</a>, page 574 (Russian: <span lang="ru">Яковлев А. Сумерки. Москва: Материк 2003 г.</span>). The book provides an official copy of a document providing the initial LDPR funding (3 million rubles) from the CPSU money.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarina_PopescuMartin_Hannavy2002" class="citation web cs1">Marina Popescu; Martin Hannavy (12 December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041010050340/http://www2.essex.ac.uk/elect/database/indexElections.asp?">"1991 Russin Presidential Election results"</a>. University of Essex. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.essex.ac.uk/elect/database/indexElections.asp?">the original</a> on 10 October 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1991+Russin+Presidential+Election+results&rft.pub=University+of+Essex&rft.date=2002-12-12&rft.au=Marina+Popescu&rft.au=Martin+Hannavy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.essex.ac.uk%2Felect%2Fdatabase%2FindexElections.asp%3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010225132057/http://www.fci.ru/archive/vyb91.htm/">"Выборы Президента РСФСР 12 июня 1991 года"</a> [Elections of the President of the RSFSR June 12, 1991] (in Russian). FCI. 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fci.ru/archive/vyb91.htm/">the original</a> on 25 February 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%A1%D0%A4%D0%A1%D0%A0+12+%D0%B8%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%8F+1991+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pub=FCI&rft.date=1999&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fci.ru%2Farchive%2Fvyb91.htm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fedarko-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fedarko_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFedarko1993" class="citation magazine cs1">Fedarko, Kevin (27 December 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130104224616/http://www.time.com/time/archive/preview/0,10987,979889,00.html">"A Farce to Be Reckoned With"</a>. <i>Time</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/archive/preview/0,10987,979889,00.html">the original</a> on 4 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=A+Farce+to+Be+Reckoned+With&rft.date=1993-12-27&rft.aulast=Fedarko&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Farchive%2Fpreview%2F0%2C10987%2C979889%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnton_Shekhovtsov2014" class="citation web cs1">Anton Shekhovtsov (28 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anton-shekhovtsov.blogspot.co.uk/2014/10/vladimir-zhirinovskys-contacts-with.html">"Anton Shekhovtsov's blog"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anton+Shekhovtsov%27s+blog&rft.date=2014-10-28&rft.au=Anton+Shekhovtsov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanton-shekhovtsov.blogspot.co.uk%2F2014%2F10%2Fvladimir-zhirinovskys-contacts-with.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNohlen,_DStöver,_P2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Nohlen" title="Dieter Nohlen">Nohlen, D</a>; Stöver, P (2010). <i>Elections in Europe: A data handbook</i>. Nomos. p. 1642. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8329-5609-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8329-5609-7"><bdi>978-3-8329-5609-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elections+in+Europe%3A+A+data+handbook&rft.pages=1642&rft.pub=Nomos&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-3-8329-5609-7&rft.au=Nohlen%2C+D&rft.au=St%C3%B6ver%2C+P&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimothy_J._Colton2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_J._Colton" class="mw-redirect" title="Timothy J. Colton">Timothy J. Colton</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vf4SNUc7wgMC&pg=PA235"><i>Transitional Citizens: Voters and What Influences Them in the New Russia</i></a>. Harvard University Press. pp. 234–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674029804" title="Special:BookSources/9780674029804"><bdi>9780674029804</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Transitional+Citizens%3A+Voters+and+What+Influences+Them+in+the+New+Russia&rft.pages=234-5&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780674029804&rft.au=Timothy+J.+Colton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVf4SNUc7wgMC%26pg%3DPA235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-economist-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-economist_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb5037/is_199312/ai_n18302450">"Zhirinovsky's A-Z. (Russian parliamentary elections favored Vladimir Zhirinovsky's fascist Liberal Democratic Party)"</a>. <i>FindArticles</i>. <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a>. December 1993<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FindArticles&rft.atitle=Zhirinovsky%27s+A-Z.+%28Russian+parliamentary+elections+favored+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky%27s+fascist+Liberal+Democratic+Party%29&rft.date=1993-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_hb5037%2Fis_199312%2Fai_n18302450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newrussia-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newrussia_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUmland_Andreas1996" class="citation web cs1">Umland Andreas (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nato.int/acad/fellow/96-98/f96-98.htm">"The New Russia of Vladimir Zhirinovsky: Fascist Tendencies in the Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+New+Russia+of+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky%3A+Fascist+Tendencies+in+the+Liberal-Democratic+Party+of+Russia&rft.pub=NATO&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Umland+Andreas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nato.int%2Facad%2Ffellow%2F96-98%2Ff96-98.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-abroadathome-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-abroadathome_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnthony_Lewis1993" class="citation news cs1">Anthony Lewis (17 December 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/17/opinion/abroad-at-home-when-you-appease-fascism.html">"Abroad at Home; When You Appease Fascism"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Abroad+at+Home%3B+When+You+Appease+Fascism&rft.date=1993-12-17&rft.au=Anthony+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F12%2F17%2Fopinion%2Fabroad-at-home-when-you-appease-fascism.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-joke-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-joke_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-joke_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpecter1994" class="citation news cs1">Specter, Michael (6 November 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/06/weekinreview/the-world-here-comes-the-clown-no-joke.html">"Here Comes the Clown. No Joke"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Here+Comes+the+Clown.+No+Joke&rft.date=1994-11-06&rft.aulast=Specter&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F11%2F06%2Fweekinreview%2Fthe-world-here-comes-the-clown-no-joke.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvrMUlOR76w">"Tripping with Zhirinovsky"</a>. <i>Youtube.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. 1995<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Youtube.com&rft.atitle=Tripping+with+Zhirinovsky&rft.date=1995&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DxvrMUlOR76w&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNohlen,_DStöver,_P2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Nohlen" title="Dieter Nohlen">Nohlen, D</a>; Stöver, P (2010). <i>Elections in Europe: A data handbook</i>. Nomos. p. 1642. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8329-5609-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8329-5609-7"><bdi>978-3-8329-5609-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elections+in+Europe%3A+A+data+handbook&rft.pages=1642&rft.pub=Nomos&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-3-8329-5609-7&rft.au=Nohlen%2C+D&rft.au=St%C3%B6ver%2C+P&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimothy_J._Colton2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Timothy_J._Colton" class="mw-redirect" title="Timothy J. Colton">Timothy J. Colton</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vf4SNUc7wgMC&pg=PA235"><i>Transitional Citizens: Voters and What Influences Them in the New Russia</i></a>. Harvard University Press. pp. 234–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674029804" title="Special:BookSources/9780674029804"><bdi>9780674029804</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Transitional+Citizens%3A+Voters+and+What+Influences+Them+in+the+New+Russia&rft.pages=234-5&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780674029804&rft.au=Timothy+J.+Colton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVf4SNUc7wgMC%26pg%3DPA235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2263_03.htm">"Russian Federation Parliamentary Chamber: Gossoudarstvennaya Duma - Elections Held in 2003"</a>. 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Cikrf. 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gd2003.cikrf.ru/etc/protokol1.doc">the original</a> on 16 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BE+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85+%D0%93%D0%94+%D0%A4%D0%A1+%D0%A0%D0%A4+%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC&rft.pub=Cikrf&rft.date=2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgd2003.cikrf.ru%2Fetc%2Fprotokol1.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lentam-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lentam_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lenta.ru/news/2007/04/06/malyshkin/">"Олег Малышкин решил покинуть Жириновского"</a> [Oleg Malyshkin decided to leave Zhirinovsky] (in Russian). Lenta. 6 April 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3+%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE&rft.pub=Lenta&rft.date=2007-04-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lenta.ru%2Fnews%2F2007%2F04%2F06%2Fmalyshkin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-profi-forex-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-profi-forex_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFШалимова" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Шалимова, Мария. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130415150403/http://www.profi-forex.org/news/entry1008104857.html"><bdi lang="ru">В сети представлен ролик "Жириновский и будет лучше!"</bdi></a> ["Zhirinovsky And It Will Get Better" advertisement appears on the web] (in Russian). profi-forex.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.profi-forex.org/news/entry1008104857.html">the original</a> on 15 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92+%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA+%22%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D1%88%D0%B5%21%22&rft.pub=profi-forex.org&rft.aulast=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.profi-forex.org%2Fnews%2Fentry1008104857.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nr2-20120208-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nr2-20120208_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newdaynews.ru/election/371706.html">"WSPA и PETA обвинили Жириновского в жестоком обращении с ослом"</a> [WSPA and PETA accused Zhirinovsky in crueltu to the donkey] (in Russian). NewDayNews.Ru. 8 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WSPA+%D0%B8+PETA+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B2+%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D1%81+%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC&rft.pub=NewDayNews.Ru&rft.date=2012-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewdaynews.ru%2Felection%2F371706.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1150217/Russia.pdf">"CONSOLIDATED LIST OF FINANCIAL SANCTIONS TARGETS IN THE UK"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CONSOLIDATED+LIST+OF+FINANCIAL+SANCTIONS+TARGETS+IN+THE+UK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F1150217%2FRussia.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-buchanan-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-buchanan_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-buchanan_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishsf.com/content/2-0-/module/displaystory/story_id/3063/edition_id/54/format/html/displaystory.html">Russia's Zhirinovsky now blasts Buchanan as 'crap'</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_News_Weekly" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish News Weekly">Jewish News Weekly</a></i>, 1 March 1996</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yale_Richmond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yale Richmond (page does not exist)">Yale Richmond</a>. (2008). <i>From Nyet to Da: Understanding the New Russia</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-big_bad-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-big_bad_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-big_bad_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1571/is_n4_v10/ai_14800970">Zhirinovsky is Russia's big bad wolf – success of Vladimir Wolfovich Zhirinovsky in recent Russian elections – Column</a>. Findarticles.com (24 January 1994).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SX4B7pNG3W8C">The Beast Reawakens</a> By Martin A. Lee Page 328</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://top.rbc.ru/politics/20/08/2015/55d5b36e9a7947ad179c701c">Три версии убийства Старовойтовой: какую роль в громком деле играла ЛДПР</a> RBC, 20 August 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiadomosci.dziennik.pl/swiat/artykuly/467807,zyrinowski-rosja-powinna-byc-monarchia-a-putin-imperatorem.html">"Żyrinowski: Rosja powinna być monarchią, a Putin imperatorem"</a>. dziennik.pl<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%C5%BByrinowski%3A+Rosja+powinna+by%C4%87+monarchi%C4%85%2C+a+Putin+imperatorem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiadomosci.dziennik.pl%2Fswiat%2Fartykuly%2F467807%2Czyrinowski-rosja-powinna-byc-monarchia-a-putin-imperatorem.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140825213901/http://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kat,1356,title,Wladimir-Zyrinowski-Rosja-powinna-byc-monarchia,wid,16833547,wiadomosc.html">"Władimir Żyrinowski: Rosja powinna być monarchią"</a>. wiadomosci.wp.p. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kat,1356,title,Wladimir-Zyrinowski-Rosja-powinna-byc-monarchia,wid,16833547,wiadomosc.html">the original</a> on 25 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=W%C5%82adimir+%C5%BByrinowski%3A+Rosja+powinna+by%C4%87+monarchi%C4%85&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwiadomosci.wp.pl%2Fkat%2C1356%2Ctitle%2CWladimir-Zyrinowski-Rosja-powinna-byc-monarchia%2Cwid%2C16833547%2Cwiadomosc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wprost.pl/ar/464562/Rosja-powinna-byc-monarchia-a-Putin-imperatorem/">"Rosja powinna być monarchią, a Putin imperatorem"</a>. wprost<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rosja+powinna+by%C4%87+monarchi%C4%85%2C+a+Putin+imperatorem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wprost.pl%2Far%2F464562%2FRosja-powinna-byc-monarchia-a-Putin-imperatorem%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2014/08/14/7034832/">Путин не поддержал Жириновского с имперским флагом: "Но зажигает красиво"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Daily_Beast-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Daily_Beast_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Daily_Beast_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnna_Nemtsova2016" class="citation news cs1">Anna Nemtsova (7 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/09/07/russia-s-trump-vladimir-zhirinovsky-wants-to-build-a-wall-ban-muslims-and-nuke-the-white-house.html">"Russia's Trump, Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Wants to Build a Wall, Ban Muslims, and Nuke the White House"</a>. <i>The Daily Beast</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Beast&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+Trump%2C+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky%2C+Wants+to+Build+a+Wall%2C+Ban+Muslims%2C+and+Nuke+the+White+House&rft.date=2016-09-07&rft.au=Anna+Nemtsova&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailybeast.com%2Farticles%2F2016%2F09%2F07%2Frussia-s-trump-vladimir-zhirinovsky-wants-to-build-a-wall-ban-muslims-and-nuke-the-white-house.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i> [<i>The Last Break Southward</i>], Moscow, Foliant., p 41-42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 44, 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 49-50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 51-52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 51-52, 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 155.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Последний Бросок на Юг</i>, p 152, 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-threats-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-threats_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-threats_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-threats_60-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-threats_60-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061214063433/http://www.acs.brockport.edu/~dgusev/Russian/vzbio.html">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a> Information Technology Services at SUNY Brockport</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baltictimes.com/news/articles/18220/">Russia threatens Baltic missile build-up</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Baltic_Times" title="The Baltic Times">The Baltic Times</a>, 5 July 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://9tv.co.il/news/2014/10/26/188316.html">Zhirinovsky: "If Israel went under the Soviet Union, Gaza would be yours</a> 26 October 2014 17:44, Channel 9, Israel</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cursorinfo.co.il/news/novosti1/2016/01/21/zhirinovskiy-hochet-priezzhat-v-izrail-pod-ohranoy-rossiyskoy-policii">Zhirinovsky wants Israel to come under the Russian police guard</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161117063636/http://cursorinfo.co.il/news/novosti1/2016/01/21/zhirinovskiy-hochet-priezzhat-v-izrail-pod-ohranoy-rossiyskoy-policii/">Archived</a> 17 November 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 21 January 2016, 14:59, Cursorinfo</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vladimir-Zhirinovsky">"Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Russian politician"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Inc." title="Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.">Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</a></i> 22 April 2023. <q>This success caused Western observers to scrutinize his boorish, bullying behaviour and to take more seriously his rhetoric and views, which included a promise to create a dictatorship when elected president and threats to expand the borders of Russia to include Alaska and Finland, to use large fans to blow radioactive waste into the Baltic states, and to reduce crime by instituting summary executions.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.&rft.atitle=Vladimir+Zhirinovsky%2C+Russian+politician&rft.date=2023-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FVladimir-Zhirinovsky&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.rin.ru/eng/news///6243/">Action for protection of birds from Zhirinovsky to be held in Moscow</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2019">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>. News.rin.ru.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Uutiskatsaus. <i>Mitä Missä Milloin 1995</i>, p. 88. Otava 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/951-1-13254-7" title="Special:BookSources/951-1-13254-7">951-1-13254-7</a> (In Finnish.)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dn.se/arkiv/utland/zjirinovskij-far-kallas-galenpanna/">Zjirinovskij får kallas "galenpanna".</a> <i>Dagens Nyheter</i> 13 December 1994. (Subscription required. In Swedish.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eccentric-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eccentric_67-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eccentric_67-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/667745.stm">Zhirinovsky: Russia's political eccentric</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>, 10 March 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rferl.org/specials/russianelection/archives/07-171299.asp">Russian Parliamentary Election 1999</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080214043842/http://www.rferl.org/specials/russianelection/archives/07-171299.asp">Archived</a> 14 February 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/RFE/RL" class="mw-redirect" title="RFE/RL">RFE/RL</a>, 17 December 1999</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090814081031/http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/pdf/109hrg/21438.pdf">"Oil for Influence: How Saddam Used Oil to Reward Politicians Under the United Nations Oil-For-Food Program"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs - United States Senate</i>. U.S. Government Printing Office. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/senate/pdf/109hrg/21438.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Permanent+Subcommittee+on+Investigations+of+the+Committee+on+Homeland+Security+and+Governmental+Affairs+-+United+States+Senate&rft.atitle=Oil+for+Influence%3A+How+Saddam+Used+Oil+to+Reward+Politicians+Under+the+United+Nations+Oil-For-Food+Program&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.access.gpo.gov%2Fcongress%2Fsenate%2Fpdf%2F109hrg%2F21438.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170322074050/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mfAsn1rLKVE">"- YouTube"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mfAsn1rLKVE">the original</a> on 22 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=-+YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DmfAsn1rLKVE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vice2013-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vice2013_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vice2013_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruk2013" class="citation web cs1">Bruk, Diana (10 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/read/the-best-of-vladimir-zhirinovsky-russias-craziest-politician">"The Best of Vladimir Zhirinovsky, the Clown Prince of Russian Politics"</a>. Vice.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Best+of+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky%2C+the+Clown+Prince+of+Russian+Politics&rft.pub=Vice&rft.date=2013-08-10&rft.aulast=Bruk&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fread%2Fthe-best-of-vladimir-zhirinovsky-russias-craziest-politician&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boots-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-boots_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/12/08/1070732141347.html">Ultra-right gains in poll</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a></i>, 9 December 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hello-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hello_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100108084550/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979934-1,00.html">Hello, I Must Be Going</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>, 10 January 1994</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.pravda.ru/world/ussr/5516-0/">Vladimir Zhirinovsky: Georgia brings trouble to Russia.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pravda.ru" title="Pravda.ru">Pravda.ru</a>, 10 May 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Teresa Whitfield (2007), Friends Indeed?: The United Nations, Groups of Friends, and the Resolution of Conflict, p. 155. US Institute of Peace Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-60127-005-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-60127-005-4">1-60127-005-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inal Khashig (19 August 2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iwpr.net/?p=crs&s=f&o=159919&apc_state=henicrs2004">Abkhazia Revels in Nationalist's Visit.</a> <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_War_and_Peace_Reporting" title="Institute for War and Peace Reporting">Institute for War and Peace Reporting</a> Caucasus Reporting Service No. 247.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lenta.ru/russia/2005/02/10/zhirinovsky1/">Жириновскому запретили приезжать на историческую родину</a> from <a href="/wiki/Lenta.ru" title="Lenta.ru">Lenta.ru</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.pravda.ru/russia/politics/11-01-2006/9488-condoleezza-0/">Condoleezza Rice's anti-Russian stance based on sexual problems</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pravda" title="Pravda">Pravda</a></i>, 11 January 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-www.ebru.tv-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-www.ebru.tv_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebru.tv/en/News/a.503.html">Former KGB Agent Dies</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20071102063249/http://www.ebru.tv/en/News/a.503.html">Archived</a> 2 November 2007 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>, 24 November 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061206141152/http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20061124/spy_kremlin_061125/20061126?hub=TopStories">Dead ex-spy claimed Russian agent monitored him</a> <a href="/wiki/CTV_Television_Network" title="CTV Television Network">CTV</a>, 25 November 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abeltsev-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Abeltsev_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wbase.duma.gov.ru/steno/nph-sdb.exe?B0CW%5bF11&24.11.2006&F11&&F11&&F258&^&%5dH2512">"Address to Duma by Sergei Abeltsev"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Duma" title="Duma">Duma</a>. 25 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Council for Secession</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110920181239/http://www.kommersant.com/p1016521/Russia_Georgia_South_Ossetia_conflict/">Archived</a> 20 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Kommersant, 26 August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarry2009" class="citation news cs1">Barry, Ellen (12 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/13/world/europe/13cossacks.html?_r=1&ref=global-home">"A Wild Cossack Rides into a Cultural Battle"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interpretermag.com/russia-this-week-roots-of-pro-russian-separatists-in-russian-ultranationalist-groups/">the original</a> on 25 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russia+This+Week%3A+Zhirinovsky+Threatens+to+%27Wipe+Out%27+Poland%2C+Baltics+%284%E2%80%9310+August%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.interpretermag.com%2Frussia-this-week-roots-of-pro-russian-separatists-in-russian-ultranationalist-groups%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWithnall2014" class="citation web cs1">Withnall, Adam (24 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/crimea-crisis-putin-adviser-proposes-division-of-ukraine-along-nazisoviet-lines-and-says-it-s-never-too-late-to-correct-historical-errors-9212925.html">"Crimea crisis: Putin adviser proposes division of Ukraine along Nazi-Soviet lines and says it's 'never too late"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crimea+crisis%3A+Putin+adviser+proposes+division+of+Ukraine+along+Nazi-Soviet+lines+and+says+it%27s+%27never+too+late&rft.date=2014-03-24&rft.aulast=Withnall&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fcrimea-crisis-putin-adviser-proposes-division-of-ukraine-along-nazisoviet-lines-and-says-it-s-never-too-late-to-correct-historical-errors-9212925.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-poland-sikorski-idUSKCN0I92A720141020/">"Polish ex-minister quoted saying Putin offered to divide Ukraine with Poland"</a>. Reuters. 21 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Polish+ex-minister+quoted+saying+Putin+offered+to+divide+Ukraine+with+Poland&rft.date=2014-10-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-ukraine-crisis-poland-sikorski-idUSKCN0I92A720141020%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uatoday.tv/politics/russian-nationalist-politician-threatens-to-kill-ukrainian-pilot-nadiya-savchenko-433026.html">"Russian nationalist politician threatens to kill Ukrainian pilot Nadiya Savchenko"</a>. <i>uatoday.tv</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Bloomberg. 3 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+Maverick+Prays+for+Trump+Win+to+Cement+New+Global+Order&rft.date=2016-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2016-08-03%2Frussian-maverick-prays-for-trump-win-to-cement-new-global-order&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters_Oct12-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_Oct12_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Osborn2016" class="citation news cs1">Andrew Osborn (12 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-election-russian-trump-idUSKCN12C28Q">"Putin ally tells Americans: vote Trump or face nuclear war"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Putin+ally+tells+Americans%3A+vote+Trump+or+face+nuclear+war&rft.date=2016-10-12&rft.au=Andrew+Osborn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-election-russian-trump-idUSKCN12C28Q&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravdareport.com/news/world/americas/12-04-2017/137468-zhirinovsky_trump-0/">Zhirinovsky to drink up for Donald Trump's impeachment</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170413153919/http://www.pravdareport.com/news/world/americas/12-04-2017/137468-zhirinovsky_trump-0/">Archived</a> 13 April 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". <a href="/wiki/Pravda.ru" title="Pravda.ru">Pravda.ru</a>. 12 April 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sports.yahoo.com/news/capitol-riot-and-trumps-role-leaves-allies-around-the-world-stunned-and-frightened-194733389.html">"Capitol riot and Trump's role leave allies around the world stunned and frightened"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yahoo_News" title="Yahoo News">Yahoo News</a></i>. 7 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yahoo+News&rft.atitle=Capitol+riot+and+Trump%27s+role+leave+allies+around+the+world+stunned+and+frightened&rft.date=2021-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sports.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Fcapitol-riot-and-trumps-role-leaves-allies-around-the-world-stunned-and-frightened-194733389.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnsor2022" class="citation news cs1">Ensor, Josie (22 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/02/22/kremlins-jester-appeared-predict-date-russia-entering-ukraine/">"How the Kremlin's 'jester' appeared to predict the date of Russia entering Ukraine months ago"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Telegraph</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2022</span>. <q>(Tweet by Francis Sparr, BBC Monitoring) You'll feel everything at 4 A.M., on 22 Feb [our new policy]. I'd like 2022 to be peaceful. But I love the truth, for 70 years I've said the truth. It won't be peaceful. It will be a year when Russia once again becomes great.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=How+the+Kremlin%27s+%27jester%27+appeared+to+predict+the+date+of+Russia+entering+Ukraine+months+ago&rft.date=2022-02-22&rft.aulast=Ensor&rft.aufirst=Josie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fworld-news%2F2022%2F02%2F22%2Fkremlins-jester-appeared-predict-date-russia-entering-ukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-61008292">"Putin's ultranationalist ally and clown Zhirinovsky dies at 75"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 6 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2022</span>. <q>At 04:00 on 22 February you'll feel [our new policy]. I'd like 2022 to be peaceful. But I love the truth, for 70 years I've said the truth. It won't be peaceful. It will be a year when Russia once again becomes great.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Putin%27s+ultranationalist+ally+and+clown+Zhirinovsky+dies+at+75&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-61008292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vesti.ru/news.html?id=34546">Жириновский снова брызнул соком</a> from Vesti.ru</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eng.yabloko.ru/Publ/2003/PAPERS/11/031124_mt.html">Zhirinovsky Gets Into Fistfight After Televised Election Debate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070101062015/http://www.eng.yabloko.ru/Publ/2003/PAPERS/11/031124_mt.html">Archived</a> 1 January 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Moscow_Times" title="The Moscow Times">The Moscow Times</a></i>, 24 November 2003 (mirrored by yabloko.ru)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsfromrussia.com/main/2005/03/30/58932.html">Flamboyant Russian lawmaker in parliament chamber brawl</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20050420141420/http://newsfromrussia.com/main/2005/03/30/58932.html">Archived</a> 20 April 2005 at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> Web Archives News from Russia</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yiwC2L3g00c"><span class="plainlinks">Программа «Сегодня в 22:00» (НТВ, 2005). Сюжет Алексея Пивоварова о драке в Госдуме</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?docsid=1033615">"Vladimir Zhirinovsky chose 30,000 rubles' worth of expressions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kommersant" title="Kommersant">Kommersant</a>. 30 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+chose+30%2C000+rubles%27+worth+of+expressions&rft.date=2008-09-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kommersant.ru%2Fdoc.aspx%3Fdocsid%3D1033615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201111225314/https://www.euronews.com/2014/04/19/russia-parliament-s-deputy-speaker-zhirinovsky-s-extraordinary-tirade-at-">"Russia: Politician's extraordinary tirade at pregnant journalist"</a>. <i>Euronews</i>. 19 April 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euronews.com/2014/04/19/russia-parliament-s-deputy-speaker-zhirinovsky-s-extraordinary-tirade-at-/">the original</a> on 11 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Euronews&rft.atitle=Russia%3A+Politician%27s+extraordinary+tirade+at+pregnant+journalist&rft.date=2014-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronews.com%2F2014%2F04%2F19%2Frussia-parliament-s-deputy-speaker-zhirinovsky-s-extraordinary-tirade-at-%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDolgova" class="citation news cs1">Dolgova, Anna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140328090329/http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/ukraine-sex-strike-against-russian-men-gaining-strength/496883.html">"Ukraine Sex Strike Against Russian Men Gaining Strength"</a>. <i>The Moscow Times</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/ukraine-sex-strike-against-russian-men-gaining-strength/496883.html">the original</a> on 28 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Ukraine+Sex+Strike+Against+Russian+Men+Gaining+Strength&rft.aulast=Dolgova&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Fukraine-sex-strike-against-russian-men-gaining-strength%2F496883.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-huffingtonpost.co.uk-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-huffingtonpost.co.uk_112-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-huffingtonpost.co.uk_112-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/04/21/russia-rape-reporter_n_5184299.html">"Russian Politician Vladimir Zhirinovsky Orders Aides To 'Violently Rape' Pregnant Reporter Stella Dubovitskaya"</a>. HuffPost<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+Politician+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+Orders+Aides+To+%27Violently+Rape%27+Pregnant+Reporter+Stella+Dubovitskaya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2F2014%2F04%2F21%2Frussia-rape-reporter_n_5184299.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoggioni" class="citation news cs1">Boggioni, Tom. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140826160946/http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2014/04/20/russian-politician-orders-aides-to-violently-rape-pregnant-journalist-at-press-conference/">"Russian politician orders aides to 'violently rape' pregnant journalist at press conference"</a>. Raw Story. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2014/04/20/russian-politician-orders-aides-to-violently-rape-pregnant-journalist-at-press-conference/">the original</a> on 26 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+politician+orders+aides+to+%27violently+rape%27+pregnant+journalist+at+press+conference&rft.aulast=Boggioni&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rawstory.com%2Frs%2F2014%2F04%2F20%2Frussian-politician-orders-aides-to-violently-rape-pregnant-journalist-at-press-conference%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forumdaily.com/en/zhurnalist-obvinil-zhirinovskogo-v-seksualnyx-domogatelstvax/">Journalist accused Zhirinovsky of sexual harassment</a> ForumDaily. 23 March 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/zhirinovsky-groped-current-time-tv-rferl-2006-sexual-harassment/29117542.html">Journalist Says Zhirinovsky Groped, Accosted Him During 2006 Interview</a> Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 23 March 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/2600121c-2e8e-11e8-9b4b-bc4b9f08f381">Allegations against Moscow lawmakers signal Russia's MeToo moment</a> Financial Times. 23 March 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrainova2013" class="citation web cs1">Krainova, Natalya (29 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2013/05/29/zhirinovsky-warns-children-against-homosexuality-a24486">"Zhirinovsky Warns Children Against Homosexuality"</a>. <i>The Moscow Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Zhirinovsky+Warns+Children+Against+Homosexuality&rft.date=2013-05-29&rft.aulast=Krainova&rft.aufirst=Natalya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2F2013%2F05%2F29%2Fzhirinovsky-warns-children-against-homosexuality-a24486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/vladimir-zhirinovsky-russian-trump-who-predicted-ukraine-invasion-is-dead-9ksztkgtl">"Vladimir Zhirinovsky obituary"</a></span>. <i>The Times</i>. London. 6 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+obituary&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fvladimir-zhirinovsky-russian-trump-who-predicted-ukraine-invasion-is-dead-9ksztkgtl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gordonua.com/news/worldnews/ponomarev-zhirinovskiy-gey-ego-frakciya-sostoit-iz-ego-lyubovnikov-i-sponsorov-210216.html">"Пономарев: Жириновский – гей. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Putin%27s+mock+opponent+and+warmonger+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+dies+at+75&rft.date=2022-04-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fen%2Finternational%2Farticle%2F2022%2F04%2F07%2Fputin-s-mock-opponent-and-warmonger-vladimir-zhirinovsky-dies-at-75_5979963_4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-zhirinovsky-hospitalized-covid/31694843.html">"Russian Ultranationalist Zhirinovsky Reportedly Hospitalized In Serious Condition With COVID"</a>. <i>Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty</i>. 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Armen Press. 9 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russian+State+Duma+legislator+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+hospitalized+in+serious+condition+in+Moscow&rft.pub=Armen+Press&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farmenpress.am%2Feng%2Fnews%2F1075119.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ria.ru/20220325/zhirinovsky-1780024705.html">"Умер Владимир Жириновский"</a>. <i>ria.ru</i>. 25 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ria.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80+%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9&rft.date=2022-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2F20220325%2Fzhirinovsky-1780024705.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://akipress.com/news:669356:Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_reported_dead,_Duma_Speaker_denies_reports/">"Vladimir Zhirinovsky reported dead, Duma Speaker denies reports"</a>. AKI Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+reported+dead%2C+Duma+Speaker+denies+reports&rft.pub=AKI+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fakipress.com%2Fnews%3A669356%3AVladimir_Zhirinovsky_reported_dead%2C_Duma_Speaker_denies_reports%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.am/eng/news/692372.html">"Telegram Channel 112: Vladimir Zhirinovsky is in a critical condition"</a>. News.Am<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Telegram+Channel+112%3A+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+is+in+a+critical+condition&rft.pub=News.Am&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.am%2Feng%2Fnews%2F692372.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/06/russian-far-right-politician-vladimir-zhirinovsky-dies-at-75">"Russian far-right politician Vladimir Zhirinovsky dies at 75"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 6 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Russian+far-right+politician+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+dies+at+75&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2022%2Fapr%2F06%2Frussian-far-right-politician-vladimir-zhirinovsky-dies-at-75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/russian/features-60308294">"СМИ ошибочно сообщили о смерти Жириновского. Минздрав и спикер Госдумы заявили, что он жив"</a>. <i>BBC News Русская Служба</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0&rft.atitle=%D0%A1%D0%9C%D0%98+%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BE+%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%96%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE.+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80+%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%2C+%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%BD+%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Frussian%2Ffeatures-60308294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russian-far-right-politician-vladimir-zhirinovsky-has-died-parliament-speaker-2022-04-06/">"Russian far-right politician Vladimir Zhirinovsky dies at 75"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. 6 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russian+far-right+politician+Vladimir+Zhirinovsky+dies+at+75&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Frussian-far-right-politician-vladimir-zhirinovsky-has-died-parliament-speaker-2022-04-06%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/04/06/vladimir-zhirinovsky-far-right-court-jester-of-russian-politics-dies-at-75-a77240">"Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Far-Right Court Jester of Russian Politics, Dies at 75"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Moscow_Times" title="The Moscow Times">The Moscow Times</a></i>. 6 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Vladimir+Zhirinovsky%2C+Far-Right+Court+Jester+of+Russian+Politics%2C+Dies+at+75&rft.date=2022-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2F2022%2F04%2F06%2Fvladimir-zhirinovsky-far-right-court-jester-of-russian-politics-dies-at-75-a77240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/04/08/russian-elite-attends-nationalist-firebrand-zhirinovskys-funeral-a77278">"Russian Elite Attends Nationalist Firebrand Zhirinovsky's Funeral"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Moscow_Times" title="The Moscow Times">The Moscow Times</a></i>. 8 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Moscow+Times&rft.atitle=Russian+Elite+Attends+Nationalist+Firebrand+Zhirinovsky%27s+Funeral&rft.date=2022-04-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoscowtimes.com%2F2022%2F04%2F08%2Frussian-elite-attends-nationalist-firebrand-zhirinovskys-funeral-a77278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.easternherald.com/2023/04/04/the-creator-of-the-monument-to-zhirinovsky-explained-what-he-meant/">"The Creator Of The Monument To Zhirinovsky Explained What He Meant"</a>. <i>www.easternherald.com</i>. 6 April 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.easternherald.com&rft.atitle=The+Creator+Of+The+Monument+To+Zhirinovsky+Explained+What+He+Meant&rft.date=2023-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.easternherald.com%2F2023%2F04%2F04%2Fthe-creator-of-the-monument-to-zhirinovsky-explained-what-he-meant%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Zhirinovsky&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vladimir Zhirinovsky">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Vladimir Zhirinovsky">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ldpr.ru/">Liberal Democratic Party of Russia website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/ZAHINHO/videos">Zhirinovsky videos with English subtitles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080513061716/http://www.sras.org/the_world_according_to_zhirinovsky">Zhirinovsky's 2007 political manifesto (in Russian and English)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?29885">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAriel_Cohen1994" class="citation web cs1">Ariel Cohen (4 February 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201206222208/https://www.heritage.org/europe/report/zhirinovsky-his-own-words-excerpts-the-final-thrust-south">"Zhirinovsky in His Own Words: Excerpts From The Final Thrust South"</a>. Heritage Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heritage.org/europe/report/zhirinovsky-his-own-words-excerpts-the-final-thrust-south">the original</a> on 6 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zhirinovsky+in+His+Own+Words%3A+Excerpts+From+The+Final+Thrust+South&rft.pub=Heritage+Foundation&rft.date=1994-02-04&rft.au=Ariel+Cohen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritage.org%2Feurope%2Freport%2Fzhirinovsky-his-own-words-excerpts-the-final-thrust-south&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVladimir+Zhirinovsky" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/z/vladimir_v_zhirinovsky/index.html">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a> collected news and commentary at <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100108084550/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,979934-1,00.html">Hello, I Must Be Going</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Magazine">TIME</a></i>, 10 January 1994</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/667745.stm">Zhirinovsky: Russia's political eccentric</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>, 10 March 2000</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080216235712/http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/07/10/bloomberg/name.php">The trademark Zhirinovsky is up for grabs in Russia</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune">International Herald Tribune</a></i>, 10 July 2007</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,538403,00.html">ZHIRINOVSKY'S FOLLIES: Nuclear Threats and Busty Ladies in the Race for Second-Place in Russia</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i>, 28 February 2008</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.besttopnews.com/idols/scandals/07-07-2006/26197-berk-0/">Zhirinovsky backed "Julia-2". Elena Berkova ready</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923184031/http://www.besttopnews.com/idols/scandals/07-07-2006/26197-berk-0/">Archived</a> 23 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Party created</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party</a> leader </b><br />1991–2022 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Vacant</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Party created<br /> New title</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party</a><br />presidential candidate </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1991_Russian_presidential_election" title="1991 Russian presidential election">1991</a>, <a href="/wiki/1996_Russian_presidential_election" title="1996 Russian presidential election">1996</a>, <a href="/wiki/2000_Russian_presidential_election" title="2000 Russian presidential election">2000</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Malyshkin" title="Oleg Malyshkin">Oleg Malyshkin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Malyshkin" title="Oleg Malyshkin">Oleg Malyshkin</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party</a><br />presidential candidate </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2008_Russian_presidential_election" title="2008 Russian presidential election">2008</a>, <a href="/wiki/2012_Russian_presidential_election" title="2012 Russian presidential election">2012</a>, <a href="/wiki/2018_Russian_presidential_election" title="2018 Russian presidential election">2018</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Last election</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidential_candidacies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Presidential_candidacies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Presidential candidacies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Candidates_in_the_1991_Russian_presidential_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_1991" title="Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 1991"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_1991" title="Template talk:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 1991"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_1991" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 1991"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Candidates_in_the_1991_Russian_presidential_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_1991_Russian_presidential_election" title="Candidates in the 1991 Russian presidential election">Candidates</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1991_Russian_presidential_election" title="1991 Russian presidential election">1991 Russian presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Rutskoy" title="Alexander Rutskoy">Alexander Rutskoy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin_1991_presidential_campaign" title="Boris Yeltsin 1991 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Ryzhkov" title="Nikolai Ryzhkov">Nikolai Ryzhkov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Boris_Gromov" title="Boris Gromov">Boris Gromov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Ryzhkov_1991_presidential_campaign" title="Nikolai Ryzhkov 1991 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrey_Zavidiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrey Zavidiya (page does not exist)">Andrey Zavidiya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union">Liberal Democratic Party</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_1991_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 1991 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aman_Tuleyev" title="Aman Tuleyev">Aman Tuleyev</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viktor_Bocharov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viktor Bocharov (page does not exist)">Viktor Bocharov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Makashov" title="Albert Makashov">Albert Makashov</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksei_Alekseyevich_Sergeyev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksei Alekseyevich Sergeyev (page does not exist)">Aleksei Sergeyev</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadim_Bakatin" title="Vadim Bakatin">Vadim Bakatin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ramazan_Abdulatipov" title="Ramazan Abdulatipov">Ramazan Abdulatipov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Vadim_Bakatin_1991_presidential_campaign" title="Vadim Bakatin 1991 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Candidates_in_the_1996_Russian_presidential_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_1996" title="Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 1996"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_1996" title="Template talk:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 1996"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_1996" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 1996"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Candidates_in_the_1996_Russian_presidential_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_1996_Russian_presidential_election" title="Candidates in the 1996 Russian presidential election">Candidates</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1996_Russian_presidential_election" title="1996 Russian presidential election">1996 Russian presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a></b> <i>Independent</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Boris Yeltsin 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lost in <a href="/wiki/Two-round_system" title="Two-round system">runoff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a></b> <i><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Gennady Zyuganov 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lebed" title="Alexander Lebed">Alexander Lebed</a></b> <i><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Russian_Communities" title="Congress of Russian Communities">KRO</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lebed_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Alexander Lebed 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Yavlinsky" title="Grigory Yavlinsky">Grigory Yavlinsky</a></b> <i><a href="/wiki/Yabloko" title="Yabloko">Yabloko</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Grigory_Yavlinsky_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Grigory Yavlinsky 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a></b> <i><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">LDPR</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Svyatoslav_Fyodorov" title="Svyatoslav Fyodorov">Svyatoslav Fyodorov</a></b> <i><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Workers%27_Self-Government" title="Party of Workers' Self-Government">PST</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></b> <i>Independent</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Mikhail Gorbachev 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Martin_Shakkum" title="Martin Shakkum">Martin Shakkum</a></b> <i>Independent</i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yury_Vlasov" title="Yury Vlasov">Yury Vlasov</a></b> <i>Independent</i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Bryntsalov" title="Vladimir Bryntsalov">Vladimir Bryntsalov</a></b> <i>Independent</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Withdrew</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Aman_Tuleyev" title="Aman Tuleyev">Aman Tuleyev</a></b> <i>Independent</i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Chechevatov" title="Viktor Chechevatov">Viktor Chechevatov</a></b> <i>Independent</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Candidates_in_the_2000_Russian_presidential_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2000" title="Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2000"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2000" title="Template talk:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2000"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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class="mw-redirect" title="2000 Vladimir Putin presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Gennady Zyuganov 2000 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Yavlinsky" title="Grigory Yavlinsky">Grigory Yavlinsky</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yabloko" title="Yabloko">Yabloko</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Yavlinsky_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Grigory Yavlinsky 2000 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aman_Tuleyev" title="Aman Tuleyev">Aman Tuleyev</a> (Independent)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">LDPR</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2000 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Titov" title="Konstantin Titov">Konstantin Titov</a> (Independent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Pamfilova" title="Ella Pamfilova">Ella Pamfilova</a> (For Civic Dignity)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Govorukhin" title="Stanislav Govorukhin">Stanislav Govorukhin</a> (Independent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Skuratov" title="Yury Skuratov">Yury Skuratov</a> (Independent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Podberezkin" title="Alexey Podberezkin">Alexey Podberezkin</a> (Spiritual Heritage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umar_Dzhabrailov" title="Umar Dzhabrailov">Umar Dzhabrailov</a> (Independent)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Withdrew</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yevgeny_Vadimovich_Savostyanov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yevgeny Vadimovich Savostyanov (page does not exist)">Yevgeny Savostyanov</a> (Independent)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Candidates_in_the_2008_Russian_presidential_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2008" title="Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2008"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2008" title="Template talk:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2008"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2008" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2008"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Candidates_in_the_2008_Russian_presidential_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_2008_Russian_presidential_election" title="Candidates in the 2008 Russian presidential election">Candidates</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2008_Russian_presidential_election" title="2008 Russian presidential election">2008 Russian presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Russia" title="United Russia">United Russia</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Dmitry Medvedev 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Gennady Zyuganov 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Vladimirovich_Bogdanov" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrei Vladimirovich Bogdanov">Andrei Bogdanov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Democratic Party of Russia">Democratic Party</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Withdrew</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Nemtsov" title="Boris Nemtsov">Boris Nemtsov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Union_of_Right_Forces" title="Union of Right Forces">Union of Right Forces</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Boris_Nemtsov_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Boris Nemtsov 2008 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Candidates_in_the_2012_Russian_presidential_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2012" title="Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2012"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2012" title="Template talk:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2012"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2012" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2012"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Candidates_in_the_2012_Russian_presidential_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_2012_Russian_presidential_election" title="Candidates in the 2012 Russian presidential election">Candidates</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2012_Russian_presidential_election" title="2012 Russian presidential election">2012 Russian presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Russia" title="United Russia">United Russia</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Putin 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Gennady Zyuganov 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Prokhorov" title="Mikhail Prokhorov">Mikhail Prokhorov</a> (Independent) <i><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Prokhorov_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Mikhail Prokhorov 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">LDPR</a>) <i><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2012 presidential campaign">campaign</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Mironov" title="Sergey Mironov">Sergey Mironov</a> (<a href="/wiki/A_Just_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="A Just Russia">A Just Russia</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Candidates_in_the_2018_Russian_presidential_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2018" title="Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2018"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2018" title="Template talk:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2018"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates_in_the_Russian_presidential_election,_2018" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Candidates in the Russian presidential election, 2018"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Candidates_in_the_2018_Russian_presidential_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Candidates_in_the_2018_Russian_presidential_election" title="Candidates in the 2018 Russian presidential election">Candidates</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2018_Russian_presidential_election" title="2018 Russian presidential election">2018 Russian presidential election</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Winner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Putin 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Grudinin" title="Pavel Grudinin">Pavel Grudinin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Grudinin_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Pavel Grudinin 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vladimir Zhirinovsky</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal Democratic Party</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Zhirinovsky_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Vladimir Zhirinovsky 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksenia_Sobchak" title="Ksenia Sobchak">Ksenia Sobchak</a> (Civic Initiative / <a href="/wiki/Ksenia_Sobchak_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Ksenia Sobchak 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Yavlinsky" title="Grigory Yavlinsky">Grigory Yavlinsky</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yabloko" title="Yabloko">Yabloko</a> / <a href="/wiki/Grigory_Yavlinsky_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Grigory Yavlinsky 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Titov" title="Boris Titov">Boris Titov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Party_of_Growth" title="Party of Growth">Party of Growth</a> / <a href="/wiki/Boris_Titov_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Boris Titov 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Suraykin" title="Maxim Suraykin">Maxim Suraykin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Communists_of_Russia" title="Communists of Russia">Communists of Russia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maxim_Suraykin_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Maxim Suraykin 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Baburin" title="Sergey Baburin">Sergey Baburin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_All-People%27s_Union" title="Russian All-People's Union">Russian All-People's Union</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Baburin_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Sergey Baburin 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-registered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Navalny" title="Alexei Navalny">Alexei Navalny</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Navalny_2018_presidential_campaign" title="Alexei Navalny 2018 presidential campaign">campaign</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_8th_State_Duma_by_party_(2021_to_2026)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:8th_Russian_State_Duma" title="Template:8th Russian State Duma"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:8th_Russian_State_Duma" title="Template talk:8th Russian State Duma"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:8th_Russian_State_Duma" title="Special:EditPage/Template:8th Russian State Duma"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_8th_State_Duma_by_party_(2021_to_2026)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/8th_State_Duma" title="8th State Duma">8th State Duma</a> by party (2021 to 2026)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DDEEFF;"><a href="/wiki/United_Russia" title="United Russia">United Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khizri_Abakarov" title="Khizri Abakarov">Abakarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktoria_Abramchenko" title="Viktoria Abramchenko">Abramchenko</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Kushnarev" title="Vitaly Kushnarev">Kushnarev</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekkhan_Agayev" title="Bekkhan Agayev">Agayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvira_Aitkulova" title="Elvira Aitkulova">Aitkulova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Alshevskikh" title="Andrey Alshevskikh">Alshevskikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Altukhov" title="Sergey Altukhov">Altukhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Amelchenkova" title="Olga Amelchenkova">Amelchenkova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Anikeyev" title="Andrey Anikeyev">A. Anikeyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Anikeyev" title="Grigory Anikeyev">G. Anikeyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Antropenko" title="Igor Antropenko">Antropenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Anufriyeva" title="Olga Anufriyeva">Anufriyeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otari_Arshba" title="Otari Arshba">Arshba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alena_Arshinova" title="Alena Arshinova">Arshinova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentina_Artamonova" title="Valentina Artamonova">Artamonova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Averov" title="Dmitry Averov">Dmitry Averov</a> <small>(replaced † <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Bortsov" title="Nikolay Bortsov">Bortsov</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinat_Ayupov" title="Rinat Ayupov">Ayupov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakhim_Azimov" title="Rakhim Azimov">Azimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Babashov" title="Leonid Babashov">Babashov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarif_Baiguskarov" title="Zarif Baiguskarov">Baiguskarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Bakharev" title="Konstantin Bakharev">Bakharev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Bakhmetyev" title="Vitaly Bakhmetyev">Bakhmetyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekkhan_Barakhoyev" title="Bekkhan Barakhoyev">Barakhoyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Basansky" title="Anton Basansky">Basansky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badma_Bashankayev" title="Badma Bashankayev">Bashankayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rima_Batalova" title="Rima Batalova">Batalova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timofey_Bazhenov" title="Timofey Bazhenov">Bazhenov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Belik" title="Dmitry Belik">Belik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irina_Belykh" title="Irina Belykh">Belykh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Bessarab" title="Svetlana Bessarab">Bessarab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniil_Bessarabov" title="Daniil Bessarabov">Bessarabov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artyom_Bichayev" title="Artyom Bichayev">Bichayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Bidonko" title="Sergey Bidonko">Bidonko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irek_Boguslavsky" title="Irek Boguslavsky">Boguslavsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelena_Veniaminovna_Bondarenko" class="mw-redirect" title="Yelena Veniaminovna Bondarenko">Bondarenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Borisov_(politician)" title="Aleksandr Borisov (politician)">Borisov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodai" title="Alexander Borodai">Borodai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Boyarsky" title="Sergey Boyarsky">Boyarsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Brykin" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolay Brykin">Brykin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Buduyev" title="Nikolai Buduyev">Buduyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadim_Bulavinov" title="Vadim Bulavinov">Bulavinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larisa_Buranova" title="Larisa Buranova">Buranova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Burlakov" title="Sergey Burlakov">Burlakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Burmatov" title="Vladimir Burmatov">Burmatov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Butina" title="Maria Butina">Butina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_Butskaya" title="Tatiana Butskaya">Butskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Chaplin" title="Nikita Chaplin">Chaplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Chizhov" title="Sergey Chizhov">Chizhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Damdintsurunov" title="Vyacheslav Damdintsurunov">Damdintsurunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galina_Danchikova" title="Galina Danchikova">Danchikova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Delimkhanov" title="Adam Delimkhanov">Delimkhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Demchenko" title="Ivan Demchenko">Demchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Deryabkin" title="Viktor Deryabkin">Deryabkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Dimov" title="Oleg Dimov">Dimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhmed_Dogayev" title="Akhmed Dogayev">Dogayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Doluda" title="Nikolai Doluda">Doluda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Doroshenko" title="Andrey Doroshenko">Doroshenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Drozdov" title="Alexander Drozdov">Drozdov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuliya_Drozhzhina" title="Yuliya Drozhzhina">Drozhzhina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatyana_Dyakonova" title="Tatyana Dyakonova">Dyakonova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Dzyuba" title="Viktor Dzyuba">Dzyuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Efimov_(politician)" title="Vitaly Efimov (politician)">Efimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oksana_Fadina" title="Oksana Fadina">Fadina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayrat_Farrakhov" title="Ayrat Farrakhov">Farrakhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Fedyaev" title="Pavel Fedyaev">Fedyaev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viacheslav_Fetisov" title="Viacheslav Fetisov">Fetisov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Fomichyov" title="Vyacheslav Fomichyov">Fomichyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Frolova" title="Tamara Frolova">Frolova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Alexeyevich_Fyodorov" class="mw-redirect" title="Yevgeny Alexeyevich Fyodorov">Fyodorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Gadzhiev" title="Ruslan Gadzhiev">R. Gadzhiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulkhakim_Gadzhiyev" title="Abdulkhakim Gadzhiyev">A. Gadzhiyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_Gadzhiev" title="Murad Gadzhiev">M. Gadzhiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Garin_(politician)" title="Oleg Garin (politician)">Garin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhamaladin_Gasanov" title="Dzhamaladin Gasanov">Gasanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaur_Gekkiyev" title="Zaur Gekkiyev">Gekkiyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Germanova" title="Olga Germanova">Germanova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Getta" title="Anton Getta">Getta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinar_Gilmutdinov" title="Dinar Gilmutdinov">D. Gilmutdinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ildar_Gilmutdinov" title="Ildar Gilmutdinov">I. Gilmutdinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Gimbatov" title="Andrey Gimbatov">Gimbatov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Gladkikh" title="Boris Gladkikh">Gladkikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Golikov" title="Oleg Golikov">Golikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Goncharov" title="Nikolay Goncharov">Goncharov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Gordeyev" title="Alexey Gordeyev">Gordeyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Gorelkin" title="Anton Gorelkin">Gorelkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Gorokhov_(politician)" title="Andrey Gorokhov (politician)">Gorokhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Govyrin" title="Aleksey Govyrin">Govyrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Gurulyov" title="Andrey Gurulyov">Gurulyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Gutenev" title="Vladimir Gutenev">Gutenev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Ignatov" title="Viktor Ignatov">Ignatov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Igoshin" title="Igor Igoshin">Igoshin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Ilinykh" title="Vladimir Ilinykh">Ilinykh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Iltyakov" title="Alexander Iltyakov">Iltyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Isayev" title="Andrey Isayev">Isayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Islamov" title="Dmitry Islamov">Islamov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Ivaninsky" title="Oleg Ivaninsky">Ivaninsky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatoly_Ivanov_(politician,_born_1960)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anatoly Ivanov (politician, born 1960) (page does not exist)">A. Ivanov</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Elena_Yampolskaya" title="Elena Yampolskaya">Yampolskaya</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Ivanov_(politician,_born_1987)" title="Maxim Ivanov (politician, born 1987)">M. Ye. Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Ivanov_(politician,_born_1967)" title="Maxim Ivanov (politician, born 1967)">M. A. Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Valeryevich_Ivanov" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladimir Valeryevich Ivanov">V. Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irina_Ivenskikh" title="Irina Ivenskikh">Ivenskikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Ivlev" title="Leonid Ivlev">Ivlev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Kachkayev" title="Pavel Kachkayev">Kachkayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Kadenkov" title="Dmitry Kadenkov">Kadenkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Kalimullin" title="Rustam Kalimullin">Kalimullin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Kanayev" title="Alexey Kanayev">Kanayev</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natalya_Kaptelinina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natalya Kaptelinina (page does not exist)">Kaptelinina</a> <small>(replaced † <a href="/wiki/Artur_Chilingarov" title="Artur Chilingarov">Chilingarov</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raisa_Karmazina" title="Raisa Karmazina">Karmazina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholban_Kara-ool" title="Sholban Kara-ool">Kara-ool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Karlov" title="Georgy Karlov">Karlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Kartapolov" title="Andrey Kartapolov">Kartapolov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artyom_Kavinov" title="Artyom Kavinov">Kavinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Kazakov_(politician)" title="Viktor Kazakov (politician)">Kazakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Kazakova" title="Olga Kazakova">Kazakova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biysultan_Khamzaev" title="Biysultan Khamzaev">Khamzaev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yekaterina_Kharchenko" title="Yekaterina Kharchenko">Kharchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murat_Khasanov" title="Murat Khasanov">Khasanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Khinshtein" title="Alexander Khinshtein">Khinshtein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gleb_Khor" title="Gleb Khor">Khor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Khubezov" title="Dmitry Khubezov">Khubezov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Kidyayev" title="Viktor Kidyayev">Kidyayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artyom_Kiryanov" title="Artyom Kiryanov">Kiryanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kiselyov" title="Mikhail Kiselyov">Kiselyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kislyakov" title="Mikhail Kislyakov">Kislyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kizeyev_(politician)" title="Mikhail Kizeyev (politician)">Kizeyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Kobylkin" title="Dmitry Kobylkin">Kobylkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Kogan_(politician)" title="Aleksandr Kogan (politician)">Kogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfiya_Kogogina" title="Alfiya Kogogina">Kogogina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Kolesnik" title="Andrey Kolesnik">Kolesnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Kolesnikov" title="Oleg Kolesnikov">Kolesnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kolunov" title="Sergey Kolunov">Kolunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kononov_(politician)" title="Vladimir Kononov (politician)">Kononov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Korobova" title="Olga Korobova">Korobova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalya_Kostenko" title="Natalya Kostenko">Kostenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kotkin" title="Sergey Kotkin">Kotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lev_Kovpak" title="Lev Kovpak">Kovpak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kozlovsky_(politician,_born_1973)" title="Alexander Kozlovsky (politician, born 1973)">Kozlovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Krasheninnikov" title="Pavel Krasheninnikov">Krasheninnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Krasnoshtanov" title="Anton Krasnoshtanov">Krasnoshtanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Krasov" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrei Krasov">Krasov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Kravchenko" title="Denis Kravchenko">Kravchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Krivonosov" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergei Krivonosov">Krivonosov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizvan_Kurbanov" title="Rizvan Kurbanov">Kurbanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_Kusayko" title="Tatiana Kusayko">Kusayko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kuzmin_(politician)" title="Mikhail Kuzmin (politician)">Kuzmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Kuznetsov_(politician)" title="Eduard Kuznetsov (politician)">E. Kuznetsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Kuznetsova" title="Anna Kuznetsova">Kuznetsova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kvitka" title="Ivan Kvitka">Kvitka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Lameykin" title="Dmitry Lameykin">Lameykin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_Larionova" title="Tatiana Larionova">Larionova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Lavrinenko" title="Aleksey Lavrinenko">Lavrinenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Lebedev_(politician)" title="Yevgeny Lebedev (politician)">Lebedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Lechkhadzhiev" title="Ruslan Lechkhadzhiev">Lechkhadzhiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Lesun" title="Anatoly Lesun">Lesun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Likhachyov" title="Vitaly Likhachyov">Likhachyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lisovsky" title="Sergey Lisovsky">Lisovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_Lobach" title="Tatiana Lobach">Lobach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Loginov" title="Vyacheslav Loginov">Loginov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Loor" title="Ivan Loor">Loor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Lotsmanov" title="Dmitry Lotsmanov">Lotsmanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Lyubarsky" title="Roman Lyubarsky">Lyubarsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Makarov_(politician)" title="Andrey Makarov (politician)">A. Makarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Makarov" title="Vyacheslav Makarov">V. Makarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurab_Makiev" title="Zurab Makiev">Makiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Marchenko_(politician)" title="Yevgeny Marchenko (politician)">Marchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Mardanshin" title="Rafael Mardanshin">Mardanshin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Markov_(politician)" title="Andrey Markov (politician)">Markov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Matveychev" title="Oleg Matveychev">Matveychev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Matytsin" title="Oleg Matytsin">Matytsin</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Alexeyenko" title="Nikolay Alexeyenko">Alexeyenko</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Maximov_(politician)" title="Alexander Maximov (politician)">Maximov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Maidanov" class="mw-redirect" title="Denis Maidanov">Maidanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mazhuga" title="Alexander Mazhuga">Mazhuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artem_Metelev" title="Artem Metelev">Metelev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidar_Metshin" title="Aidar Metshin">Metshin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Milonov" title="Vitaly Milonov">Milonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Viktorovich_Morozov" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleg Viktorovich Morozov">O. Morozov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Ivanovich_Morozov" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergey Ivanovich Morozov">S. Morozov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Moskvichev" title="Yevgeny Moskvichev">Moskvichev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelimkhan_Mutsoev" title="Zelimkhan Mutsoev">Mutsoev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Nazarova_(politician)" title="Natalia Nazarova (politician)">Nazarova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Nemkin" title="Anton Nemkin">Nemkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Nesterenko_(politician)" title="Yury Nesterenko (politician)">Nesterenko</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Alexey_Chernyak" title="Alexey Chernyak">Chernyak</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Neverov" title="Sergey Neverov">Neverov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Nifantiev" title="Evgeny Nifantiev">Nifantiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Nikolaev_(politician)" title="Nikolay Nikolaev (politician)">Nikolaev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Nikolaeva" title="Victoria Nikolaeva">Nikolaeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Nikonov" title="Vyacheslav Nikonov">Nikonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Novikov_(politician,_born_1966)" title="Vladimir Novikov (politician, born 1966)">Novikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurbagand_Nurbagandov" title="Nurbagand Nurbagandov">Nurbagandov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marat_Nuriyev" title="Marat Nuriyev">Nuriyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulia_Ogloblina" title="Yulia Ogloblina">Ogloblina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Ogul" title="Leonid Ogul">Ogul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Orgeyeva" title="Marina Orgeyeva">Orgeyeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalya_Orlova" title="Natalya Orlova">Orlova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Pakhomov" title="Sergey Pakhomov">Pakhomov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Panin" title="Gennady Panin">Panin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irina_Pankina" title="Irina Pankina">Pankina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Pankov" title="Nikolay Pankov">Pankov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Parfyonov" title="Andrey Parfyonov">Parfyonov</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Petrunin" title="Nikolay Petrunin">Petrunin</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Pavlov_(politician,_born_1976)" title="Vladimir Pavlov (politician, born 1976)">Pavlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Pervyshov" title="Yevgeny Pervyshov">Pervyshov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Petrovich_Petrov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Petrovich Petrov">A. Petrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Petrov_(politician)" title="Sergey Petrov (politician)">S. Petrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Petrov" title="Vyacheslav Petrov">V. Petrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Petrov_(politician,_born_1947)" title="Yury Petrov (politician, born 1947)">Y. Petrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Pilipenko" title="Olga Pilipenko">Pilipenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Pinsky" title="Viktor Pinsky">Pinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Pirog" title="Dmitry Pirog">Pirog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Piskaryov" title="Vasily Piskaryov">Piskaryov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentina_Pivnenko" title="Valentina Pivnenko">Pivnenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Plotnikov_(politician)" title="Vladimir Plotnikov (politician)">Vladimir Plotnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Pogorely" title="Dmitry Pogorely">Pogorely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Poluyanova" title="Natalia Poluyanova">Poluyanova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Polyakov_(politician)" title="Alexander Polyakov (politician)">Polyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alla_Polyakova" title="Alla Polyakova">Polyakova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkady_Ponomaryov" title="Arkady Ponomaryov">Ponomaryov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Popov_(journalist)" title="Yevgeny Popov (journalist)">Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Ptitsyn" title="Roman Ptitsyn">Ptitsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Razvorotneva" title="Svetlana Razvorotneva">Razvorotneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Resin" title="Vladimir Resin">Resin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Revenko" title="Yevgeny Revenko">Revenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Reznik" title="Vladislav Reznik">Reznik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktoria_Rodina" title="Viktoria Rodina">Rodina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irina_Rodnina" title="Irina Rodnina">Rodnina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Romanenko" title="Roman Romanenko">Romanenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Romanov_(politician)" title="Mikhail Romanov (politician)">Romanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Rudensky" title="Igor Rudensky">Rudensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Rumyantsev_(politician)" title="Alexander Rumyantsev (politician)">A. Rumyantsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Rumyantsev" title="Nikita Rumyantsev">N. Rumyantsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhanna_Ryabtseva" title="Zhanna Ryabtseva">Ryabtseva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Sablin" title="Dmitry Sablin">Sablin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alla_Salayeva" title="Alla Salayeva">Salayeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Samokish" title="Vladimir Samokish">Samokish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Samokutyayev" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksandr Samokutyayev">Samokutyayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamsail_Saraliev" title="Shamsail Saraliev">Saraliev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulia_Saranova" title="Yulia Saranova">Saranova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidyn_Saryglar" title="Aidyn Saryglar">Saryglar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Savchenko_(politician,_born_1966)" title="Oleg Savchenko (politician, born 1966)">Savchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Savelyev_(politician,_born_1971)" title="Dmitry Savelyev (politician, born 1971)">Savelyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Seliverstov" title="Viktor Seliverstov">Seliverstov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Senin" title="Vladimir Senin">Senin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Shamanov" title="Vladimir Shamanov">Shamanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Shcheglov" title="Nikolai Shcheglov">Shcheglov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Shcherbakov_(21st-century_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksandr Shcherbakov (21st-century politician)">Shcherbakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Sheremet" title="Mikhail Sheremet">Sheremet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Shipulin" title="Anton Shipulin">Shipulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adalbi_Shkhagoshev" title="Adalbi Shkhagoshev">Shkhagoshev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_Shkolkina" title="Nadezhda Shkolkina">Shkolkina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Sholokhov" title="Aleksandr Sholokhov">Sholokhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Shubin" title="Igor Shubin">Shubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Shulginov" title="Nikolay Shulginov">Shulginov</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Sokol" title="Sergey Sokol">Sokol</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadim_Shuvalov" title="Vadim Shuvalov">Shuvalov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Shvytkin" title="Yury Shvytkin">Shvytkin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksandr_Sidyakin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksandr Sidyakin (page does not exist)">Sidyakin</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Igor_Kastyukevich" title="Igor Kastyukevich">Kastyukevich</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Simanovsky" title="Leonid Simanovsky">Simanovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Simigin" title="Pavel Simigin">Simigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Sitnikov_(politician)" title="Alexey Sitnikov (politician)">Sitnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Skachkov" title="Alexander Skachkov">Skachkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Sklyar" title="Gennady Sklyar">Sklyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Skoch" title="Andrei Skoch">Skoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Skrivanov" title="Dmitry Skrivanov">Skrivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Skrug" title="Valery Skrug">Skrug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Smirnov" title="Viktor Smirnov">Smirnov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Solodovnikov" title="Ivan Solodovnikov">Solodovnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatyana_Solomatina" title="Tatyana Solomatina">Solomatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Soloviev_(politician)" title="Sergey Soloviev (politician)">Soloviev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Spiridonov" title="Alexander Spiridonov">Spiridonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Stankevich" title="Yury Stankevich">Stankevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Starshinov" title="Mikhail Starshinov">Starshinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yekaterina_Stenyakina" title="Yekaterina Stenyakina">Stenyakina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Strelyukhin" title="Alexander Strelyukhin">Strelyukhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Tarasenko" title="Mikhail Tarasenko">Tarasenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Tatriyev" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim Tatriyev">Tatriyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Taymazov" title="Artur Taymazov">Taymazov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Tchepikov" title="Sergei Tchepikov">Tchepikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Ten" title="Sergey Ten">Ten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Terentyev" title="Mikhail Terentyev">Terentyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentina_Tereshkova" title="Valentina Tereshkova">Tereshkova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Teryushkov" title="Roman Teryushkov">Teryushkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Teterdinko" title="Alexander Teterdinko">Teterdinko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Timofeyeva" class="mw-redirect" title="Olga Timofeyeva">Timofeyeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Tkachov" title="Alexey Tkachov">Tkachov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Tolmachev" title="Alexander Tolmachev">Tolmachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Olegovich_Tolstoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyotr Olegovich Tolstoy">Tolstoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Topilin" title="Maxim Topilin">Topilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Tretiak" title="Vladislav Tretiak">Tretiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Trifonov" title="Andrey Trifonov">Trifonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Tsed" title="Nikolay Tsed">Tsed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Tsunaeva" title="Elena Tsunaeva">Tsunaeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artem_Turov" title="Artem Turov">Turov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larisa_Tutova" title="Larisa Tutova">Tutova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saygidpasha_Umakhanov" title="Saygidpasha Umakhanov">Umakhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimma_Utyasheva" title="Rimma Utyasheva">Utyasheva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soltan_Uzdenov" title="Soltan Uzdenov">S. Uzdenov</a> <small>(replaced † <a href="/wiki/Dzhasharbek_Uzdenov" title="Dzhasharbek Uzdenov">D. Uzdenov</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Valenchuk" title="Oleg Valenchuk">Valenchuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Valeev" title="Ernest Valeev">Valeev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Valuev" title="Nikolai Valuev">Valuev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Vasilkova" title="Maria Vasilkova">Vasilkova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Vasilyev_(politician)" title="Vladimir Vasilyev (politician)">Vasilyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Veller" title="Alexey Veller">Veller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Veremeenko" title="Sergey Veremeenko">Veremeenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronika_Vlasova" title="Veronika Vlasova">Vlasova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Vodolatsky" title="Viktor Vodolatsky">Vodolatsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Vodyanov" title="Roman Vodyanov">Vodyanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilia_Volfson" title="Ilia Volfson">Volfson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Volodin" title="Vyacheslav Volodin">Volodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Volotskov" title="Alexey Volotskov">Volotskov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Vorobiev" title="Andrey Vorobiev">Vorobiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Voronovsky" title="Anatoly Voronovsky">Voronovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elena_Vtorygina" title="Elena Vtorygina">Vtorygina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Vyatkin" title="Dmitry Vyatkin">Vyatkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Vyborny" title="Anatoly Vyborny">Vyborny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azat_Yagafarov" title="Azat Yagafarov">Yagafarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Yakhnyuk" title="Sergey Yakhnyuk">Yakhnyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Yakubovsky" title="Alexander Yakubovsky">Yakubovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irina_Yarovaya" title="Irina Yarovaya">Yarovaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Yeryomin" title="Sergey Yeryomin">Yeryomin</a> <small>(replaced † <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Zubarev_(politician)" title="Viktor Zubarev (politician)">Zubarev</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelena_Yevtyukhova" title="Yelena Yevtyukhova">Yevtyukhova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Yezubov" title="Alexey Yezubov">Yezubov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Zakharov_(politician)" title="Konstantin Zakharov (politician)">Zakharov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Zatulin" title="Konstantin Zatulin">Zatulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Zavalny" title="Pavel Zavalny">Zavalny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Zavarzin" title="Viktor Zavarzin">Zavarzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Zhukov" title="Alexander Zhukov">Zhukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Zhurova" title="Svetlana Zhurova">Zhurova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DDEEFF;"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Afonin" title="Yury Afonin">Afonin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Alekhin" title="Andrey Alekhin">Alekhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Alimova" title="Olga Alimova">Alimova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petr_Ammosov" title="Petr Ammosov">Ammosov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Arefiev_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolay Arefiev (politician)">Arefiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Avdeev_(politician)" title="Mikhail Avdeev (politician)">Avdeev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Babich" title="Ivan Babich">Babich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Berulava" title="Mikhail Berulava">Berulava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Bessonov" title="Evgeny Bessonov">Bessonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Bifov" title="Anatoly Bifov">Bifov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Drobot" title="Maria Drobot">Drobot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Ezersky_(politician)" title="Nikolay Ezersky (politician)">Ezersky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irina_Filatova" title="Irina Filatova">Filatova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Gavrilov_(politician)" title="Sergei Gavrilov (politician)">Gavrilov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anzhelika_Glazkova" title="Anzhelika Glazkova">Glazkova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Isakov_(politician)" title="Vladimir Isakov (politician)">Isakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Ivanov_(politician,_born_1957)" title="Nikolay Ivanov (politician, born 1957)">N. Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Ivanyuzhenkov" title="Boris Ivanyuzhenkov">Ivanyuzhenkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kalashnikov" title="Leonid Kalashnikov">Kalashnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Kamnev" title="Georgy Kamnev">Kamnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kashin" title="Vladimir Kashin">Kashin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kazankov" title="Sergey Kazankov">Kazankov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Kharitonov" title="Nikolay Kharitonov">Kharitonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kochiev" title="Robert Kochiev">Kochiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Kolomeitsev" title="Nikolay Kolomeitsev">Kolomeitsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Komotsky" title="Boris Komotsky">Komotsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Kornienko_(politician)" title="Alexey Kornienko (politician)">Kornienko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadim_Kumin" title="Vadim Kumin">Kumin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Kurinny" title="Alexey Kurinny">Kurinny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Lebedev_(politician,_born_1976)" title="Oleg Lebedev (politician, born 1976)">Lebedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Levchenko" title="Sergey Levchenko">Levchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Lyabikhov" title="Roman Lyabikhov">Lyabikhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Markhayev" title="Vyacheslav Markhayev">Markhayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Matveyev_(politician)" title="Mikhail Matveyev (politician)">Matveyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Melnikov_(politician)" title="Ivan Melnikov (politician)">Melnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Mikhailov_(politician)" title="Oleg Mikhailov (politician)">Mikhailov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Novikov" title="Dmitry Novikov">Novikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Obukhov" title="Sergei Obukhov">Obukhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Osadchy" title="Nikolay Osadchy">Osadchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Ostanina" title="Nina Ostanina">Ostanina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Panteleev" title="Sergey Panteleev">Panteleev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Parfenov" title="Denis Parfenov">Parfenov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artem_Prokofiev" title="Artem Prokofiev">Prokofiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Prusakova_(politician)" title="Maria Prusakova (politician)">Prusakova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetlana_Savitskaya" title="Svetlana Savitskaya">Savitskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Shargunov" title="Sergey Shargunov">Shargunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Shchapov" title="Mikhail Shchapov">Shchapov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Sinelshchikov" title="Yury Sinelshchikov">Sinelshchikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Smolin" title="Oleg Smolin">Smolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Sobolev_(politician)" title="Viktor Sobolev (politician)">Sobolev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renat_Suleymanov" title="Renat Suleymanov">Suleymanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazbek_Taysaev" title="Kazbek Taysaev">Taysaev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anastasia_Udaltsova" title="Anastasia Udaltsova">Udaltsova</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Valery_Rashkin" title="Valery Rashkin">Rashkin</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Vasiliev_(Russian_politician)" title="Nikolay Vasiliev (Russian politician)">Vasiliev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Yegorov" title="Vladislav Yegorov">Yegorov</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Blotsky" title="Vladimir Blotsky">Blotsky</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Yushchenko" title="Alexander Yushchenko">Yushchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Zyuganov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DDEEFF;"><a href="/wiki/A_Just_Russia_%E2%80%93_For_Truth" title="A Just Russia – For Truth">A Just Russia <br />— For Truth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Aksakov" title="Anatoly Aksakov">Aksakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Aksyonenko" title="Alexander Aksyonenko">Aksyonenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Ananskikh" title="Igor Ananskikh">Ananskikh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Babakov" title="Alexander Babakov">Babakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Burlyayev" title="Nikolai Burlyayev">Burlyayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Chepa" title="Alexey Chepa">Chepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Delyagin" title="Mikhail Delyagin">Delyagin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelena_Drapeko" title="Yelena Drapeko">Drapeko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Gartung" title="Valery Gartung">Gartung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Greshnevikov" title="Anatoly Greshnevikov">Greshnevikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Grigoriev" title="Yury Grigoriev">Grigoriev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Gusev" title="Dmitry Gusev">Gusev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kabyshev" title="Sergey Kabyshev">Kabyshev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timur_Kanokov" title="Timur Kanokov">Kanokov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galina_Khovanskaya" title="Galina Khovanskaya">Khovanskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Kim" title="Marina Kim">Kim</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Vadim_Belousov" title="Vadim Belousov">Belousov</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Kuznetsov_(politician)" title="Andrey Kuznetsov (politician)">A. Kuznetsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Kuznetsov_(politician)" title="Dmitry Kuznetsov (politician)">D. Kuznetsov</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Zakhar_Prilepin" title="Zakhar Prilepin">Prilepin</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yana_Lantratova" title="Yana Lantratova">Lantratova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Lisitsyn" title="Anatoly Lisitsyn">Lisitsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Mironov" title="Sergey Mironov">Mironov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Nilov" title="Oleg Nilov">Nilov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Novichkov" title="Nikolay Novichkov">Novichkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Remezkov" title="Alexander Remezkov">Remezkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Semigin" title="Gennady Semigin">Semigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Terentyev_(politician)" title="Alexander Terentyev (politician)">Terentyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fedot_Tumusov" title="Fedot Tumusov">Tumusov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Wasserman" title="Anatoly Wasserman">Wasserman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DDEEFF;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_of_Russia" title="Liberal Democratic Party of Russia">Liberal <br />Democratic Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Chernyshov" title="Boris Chernyshov">Chernyshov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Didenko" title="Alexei Didenko">Didenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Karginov" title="Sergey Karginov">Karginov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Koshelev" title="Vladimir Koshelev">Koshelev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasilina_Kuliyeva" title="Vasilina Kuliyeva">Kuliyeva</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Vasily_Vlasov" title="Vasily Vlasov">Vlasov</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Leonov" title="Sergey Leonov">Leonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Lugovoy" title="Andrey Lugovoy">Lugovoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Markov_(politician)" title="Evgeny Markov (politician)">Markov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Musatov" title="Ivan Musatov">Musatov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Napso" title="Yury Napso">Napso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Naumov" title="Stanislav Naumov">Naumov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslav_Nilov" title="Yaroslav Nilov">Nilov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaplan_Panesh" title="Kaplan Panesh">Panesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Paykin" title="Boris Paykin">Paykin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Seleznev" title="Valery Seleznev">Seleznev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifat_Shaykhutdinov" title="Rifat Shaykhutdinov">Shaykhutdinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Slutsky_(politician)" title="Leonid Slutsky (politician)">Slutsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Sukharev" title="Ivan Sukharev">Sukharev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Svintsov" title="Andrey Svintsov">Svintsov</a> <small>(replaced † <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Zhirinovsky</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Svishchev" title="Dmitry Svishchev">Svishchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkady_Svistunov" title="Arkady Svistunov">Svistunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Zhuravlyov_(politician)" title="Aleksey Zhuravlyov (politician)">Zhuravlyov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DDEEFF;"><a href="/wiki/New_People_(political_party)" title="New People (political party)">New People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgy_Arapov" title="Georgy Arapov">Arapov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardana_Avksentyeva" title="Sardana Avksentyeva">Avksentyeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roza_Chemeris" title="Roza Chemeris">Chemeris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Tkachev" title="Anton Tkachev">Tkachev</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Chudaev" title="Sergey Chudaev">Chudaev</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Davankov" title="Vladislav Davankov">Davankov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Demin" title="Alexander Demin">Demin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksenia_Goryacheva" title="Ksenia Goryacheva">Goryacheva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Skroznikova" title="Anna Skroznikova">Skroznikova</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Maksim_Gulin" title="Maksim Gulin">Gulin</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Hamitov" title="Amir Hamitov">Hamitov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Leonov_(politician)" title="Oleg Leonov (politician)">Leonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Nechayev" title="Alexey Nechayev">Nechayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Pevtsov" title="Dmitry Pevtsov">Pevtsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Plyakin" title="Vladimir Plyakin">Plyakin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaroslav_Samylin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yaroslav Samylin (page does not exist)">Samylin</a> <small>(replaced <a href="/wiki/Grigory_Shilkin" title="Grigory Shilkin">Shilkin</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangadzhi_Tarbaev" title="Sangadzhi Tarbaev">Tarbaev</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#DDEEFF;"><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Growth" title="Party of Growth">Party of Growth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oksana_Dmitriyeva" title="Oksana Dmitriyeva">Dmitriyeva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/8th_State_Duma" title="8th State Duma">8th State Duma</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200015#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200015#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200015#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000108845241">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/31969697">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/313721/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcwxX6TT7qH86p4DJ7vHC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119187973">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr92042550">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124913331">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA08339604?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/af13e3a2-3209-4c3c-97e0-8bceeb4e86fb">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119187973.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119187973">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/034123474">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6z72w2b">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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