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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-产品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#产品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>产品</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-产品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">南方设计局</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。20种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كيه بي بيفدين – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيه بي بيفدين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE%D2%BB%D1%8B)" title="Көньяҡ (конструкторлыҡ бюроһы) – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Көньяҡ (конструкторлыҡ бюроһы)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivdenne_(konstruk%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_kancel%C3%A1%C5%99)" title="Pivdenne (konstrukční kancelář) – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pivdenne (konstrukční kancelář)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_(%D0%9A%D0%91)" title="Южное (КБ) – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Южное (КБ)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/KB_Juschnoje" title="KB Juschnoje – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="KB Juschnoje" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KB_Pivdenne" title="KB Pivdenne – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="KB Pivdenne" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficina_de_Dise%C3%B1o_Pivdenne" title="Oficina de Diseño Pivdenne – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oficina de Diseño Pivdenne" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%98%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C" title="یوژنوی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یوژنوی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivdenne" title="Pivdenne – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pivdenne" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureau_d%27%C3%A9tudes_Pivdenne" title="Bureau d'études Pivdenne – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bureau d'études Pivdenne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biro_Desain_Pivdenne" title="Biro Desain Pivdenne – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Biro Desain Pivdenne" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8E%E3%82%A8%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88%E5%B1%80" title="ユージュノエ設計局 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ユージュノエ設計局" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%A6%88%EB%85%B8%EC%98%88" title="유즈노예 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유즈노예" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstruktoru_birojs_%27%27Pivdenne%27%27" title="Konstruktoru birojs ''Pivdenne'' – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Konstruktoru birojs ''Pivdenne''" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/KB_Piwdenne" title="KB Piwdenne – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="KB Piwdenne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuzhnoye_Design_Bureau" title="Yuzhnoye Design Bureau – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Yuzhnoye Design Bureau" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE)" title="Южное (конструкторское бюро) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Южное (конструкторское бюро)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivdenne_Tasar%C4%B1m_Ofisi" title="Pivdenne Tasarım Ofisi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pivdenne Tasarım Ofisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BE_%C2%AB%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%C2%BB" title="Конструкторське бюро «Південне» – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Конструкторське бюро «Південне»" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%B2ng_thi%E1%BA%BFt_k%E1%BA%BF_Pivdenne" title="Phòng thiết kế Pivdenne – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phòng thiết kế Pivdenne" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q618898#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" 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hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&oldid=85076606" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&id=85076606&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258D%2597%25E6%2596%25B9%25E8%25AE%25BE%25E8%25AE%25A1%25E5%25B1%2580"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yuzhnoye_Design_Office" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q618898" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%9D%90%E6%A0%87" class="mw-redirect" title="地理坐标">坐标</a>：<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82757201">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&pagename=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&params=48.437212_N_34.950321_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">48°26′14″N</span> <span class="longitude">34°57′01″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">48.437212°N 34.950321°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.437212; 34.950321</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span style="font-size:large;"><b>南方设计局</b></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">機構概要</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">成立時間</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1954</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">機構類型</th><td class="infobox-data category" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%84%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="生意">企業</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">机构驻地</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E8%81%82%E4%BC%AF%E7%BD%97%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%E7%BD%97%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克">第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82757201">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&pagename=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&params=48.437212_N_34.950321_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据"><span class="latitude">48°26′14″N</span> <span class="longitude">34°57′01″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="此地的地图、航拍照片和其他数据">48.437212°N 34.950321°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.437212; 34.950321</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">机构首长</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">米哈伊尔·库兹米奇·杨格尔</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">網站</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060209153849/http://yuzhnoye.com/index.php?lang=en">yuzhnoye</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef;">影像资料</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Zenit-3SL%D0%91.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Zenit-3SL%D0%91.jpg/220px-Zenit-3SL%D0%91.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Zenit-3SL%D0%91.jpg/330px-Zenit-3SL%D0%91.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Zenit-3SL%D0%91.jpg 2x" data-file-width="424" data-file-height="574" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>杨格尔南方设计局</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="烏克蘭語">烏克蘭語</a>：<span lang="uk">Державне конструкторське бюро «Південне» ім. М. К. Янгеля</span>、俄语：<span lang="ru">Констру́кторское бюро́ «Ю́жное»</span>），位于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E8%81%82%E4%BC%AF%E7%BD%97%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%E7%BD%97%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克">第聂伯罗彼得罗夫斯克</a>，代号OKB-586，成立于1954年。首任领导人为<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E5%85%B9%E7%B1%B3%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E6%9D%A8%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="米哈伊尔·库兹米奇·杨格尔">米哈伊尔·库兹米奇·杨格尔</a>，最初的目的是为了设计用于投放<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%BC%B9%E5%A4%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="核弹头">核弹头</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B9%E9%81%93%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9" title="弹道导弹">弹道导弹</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1951年，苏联政府将乌克兰的一家汽车工厂转型为导弹工厂，1954年在这家工厂成立了以杨格尔为领导的独立设计局OKB-586。<sup id="cite_ref-development_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-development-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>1959年，因为开发R-12弹道导弹有功，586设计局和586工厂被授予<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%AE%81%E5%8B%8B%E7%AB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="列宁勋章">列宁勋章</a>。1965年划归新成立的苏联通用机械制造部(俄语：<span lang="ru">Министерство общего машиностроения СССР</span>，MOM)，并改名为南方设计局。1971年杨格尔去世，新任领导人是他原来的副手<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弗拉基米尔·费多罗维奇·乌特金" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title="Уткин, Владимир Фёдорович"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B4%B9%E5%A4%9A%E7%BD%97%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E4%B9%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弗拉基米尔·费多罗维奇·乌特金（页面不存在）">弗拉基米尔·费多罗维奇·乌特金</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">俄语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%A4%D1%91%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Уткин, Владимир Фёдорович"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">Уткин, Владимир Фёдорович</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>1986年重组为科研生产联合体,1989年则成为财政独立的机构。1990年乌特金离任，继任者为<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="康雨克霍夫" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title="Конюхов,_Станислав_Николаевич"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%B7%E9%9B%A8%E5%85%8B%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="康雨克霍夫（页面不存在）">康雨克霍夫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">俄语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8E%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Конюхов, Станислав Николаевич"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">Конюхов,_Станислав_Николаевич</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>。1991年苏联解体后，南方设计局隶属于乌克兰的机械制造与军事工业部。<sup id="cite_ref-fas_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2010年康雨克霍夫因肺炎去世，新任领导人为亚历山大·杰格加廖夫（俄语：<span lang="ru">Александр Дегтярёв</span>）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="产品"><span id=".E4.BA.A7.E5.93.81"></span>产品</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：产品"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>南方设计局的第一件产品为<a href="/wiki/R-12%E4%B8%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%B9%E9%81%93%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="R-12中程弹道导弹">R-12中程弹道导弹</a>，这也是苏联第一种投入大规模生产的核导弹，很快就用来装备新成立的苏联<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E7%95%A5%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E5%86%9B" title="战略火箭军">战略火箭军</a>。杨格尔在此基础上又设计了<a href="/wiki/R-14%E4%B8%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%B9%E9%81%93%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9" title="R-14中程弹道导弹">R-14导弹</a>和苏联首个具有实战意义的洲际导弹<a href="/wiki/R-16%E6%B4%B2%E9%99%85%E5%BC%B9%E9%81%93%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9" title="R-16洲际弹道导弹">R-16</a>，这也是世界上第一枚拥有自动惯性制导和采用高沸点燃料的洲际导道。<sup id="cite_ref-development_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-development-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>杨格尔去世后，乌特金继续开发了第二代洲际导弹R-36。60年代设计局以弹道导弹为基础，以R-12、R-14为基础开发了<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="宇宙号火箭">宇宙号火箭</a>，以R-36为基础开发了<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8B%E9%A3%8E%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="旋风号火箭">旋风号火箭</a>，以此进入了太空探索的领域。1961年<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%8A%A0%E6%9E%97" title="尤里·加加林">尤里·加加林</a>进入太空后，南方设计局成立了航天器部门，参与开发苏联的第二代及第三代卫星。1962年3月16日，在两次不成功的尝试之后，DS-2卫星进入太空，这个日子也成为了南方设计局空间部门的纪念日。这个航天器后来被改名为宇宙-1号，是苏联最早的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%8F%B7%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="宇宙号人造卫星">宇宙号人造卫星</a>。南方设计局开发的卫星用于近地空间探测、太阳观测、地球资源调查、海洋监视以及国防领域。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>型号包括宇宙号、国际宇宙号，民用卫星海洋、AUOS-SM卫星平台以及军用处女地卫星。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>南方设计局还曾参与设计了LK登月飞船着陆舱的动力模块，不过由于<a href="/wiki/N1%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="N1火箭">N1火箭</a>的问题以及苏联取消载人登月计划，这种飞船并没有投入使用。<sup id="cite_ref-fas_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>80年代中又开发了大推力的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A1%B6%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="天顶号">天顶号</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E8%81%82%E4%BC%AF%E5%8F%B7%E8%BF%90%E8%BD%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="第聂伯号运载火箭">第聂伯号运载火箭</a>。南方设计局开发了67种航天器、12种空间系统，由它开发的400多枚人造卫星被送上了太空。在民用领域，南方设计局曾参与开发过<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%BD%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="无轨电车">无轨电车</a>、风力发电机、<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%94%B6%E5%89%B2%E6%9C%BA" title="联合收割机">联合收割机</a>等产品。除了原有的导弹与航天设备，还涉足了地面试验设备、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="复合材料">复合材料</a>、洲际导弹拆解等项目。<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>南方设计局还拥有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%8A%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="海上发射公司">海上发射公司</a>15%的股份并提供了发射系统的第一、第二级。<sup id="cite_ref-fas_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="来源"><span id=".E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>来源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tsenki.com/en/partners_customers/foregn_partners/Foreign_enterprises/?ELEMENT_ID=85841">Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-05-20</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304092707/http://www.tsenki.com/en/partners_customers/foregn_partners/Foreign_enterprises/?ELEMENT_ID=85841">存档</a>于2016-03-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&rft.btitle=Yangel+Yuzhnoye+State+Design+Office&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tsenki.com%2Fen%2Fpartners_customers%2Fforegn_partners%2FForeign_enterprises%2F%3FELEMENT_ID%3D85841&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-development-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-development_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-development_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yuzhnoye.com/index.php?id=13&path=about_company/history/development_of_company/development_of_company_e">Development of company</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2017年11月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=10514">Уткин Владимир Фёдорович</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-05-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171212084342/http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=10514">存档</a>于2017-12-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&rft.btitle=%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80+%D0%A4%D1%91%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.warheroes.ru%2Fhero%2Fhero.asp%3FHero_id%3D10514&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fas-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fas_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fas_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fas_4-2"><sup><b>4.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fas.org/spp/guide/ukraine/company/yuzhnoe.htm">Yuzhnoe Design Bureau (KBYu)</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-05-20</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160907061831/http://fas.org/spp/guide/ukraine/company/yuzhnoe.htm">存档</a>于2016-09-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&rft.btitle=Yuzhnoe+Design+Bureau+%28KBYu%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fas.org%2Fspp%2Fguide%2Fukraine%2Fcompany%2Fyuzhnoe.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yuzhnoye.com/?id=15&path=about_company/history/spacecraft/spacecraft_e">Spacecraft</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://junshi.xiusha.com/y/yiming/sjjs1/054.htm">俄罗斯导弹航天工业的摇篮</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-05-22</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200820050348/http://junshi.xiusha.com/y/yiming/sjjs1/054.htm">存档</a>于2020-08-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&rft.btitle=%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%91%87%E7%AF%AE&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjunshi.xiusha.com%2Fy%2Fyiming%2Fsjjs1%2F054.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nkau.gov.ua/nsau/catalogNEW.nsf/0/894EA989DFFF241CC3256BF8004BF982?OpenDocument&Lang=E">Yangel Yuzhnoye State Design Office</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-05-20</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181117005159/http://www.nkau.gov.ua/nsau/catalogNEW.nsf/0/894EA989DFFF241CC3256BF8004BF982?OpenDocument&Lang=E">存档</a>于2018-11-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80&rft.btitle=Yangel+Yuzhnoye+State+Design+Office&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nkau.gov.ua%2Fnsau%2FcatalogNEW.nsf%2F0%2F894EA989DFFF241CC3256BF8004BF982%3FOpenDocument%26Lang%3DE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img 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