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Aide:Insérer une référence — Wikipédia

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1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Breadcrumb_separator_2.svg/16px-Breadcrumb_separator_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="600"></span></span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Accueil/Ins%C3%A9rer?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Accueil/Insérer">Insérer une image, une référence, etc.</a> </div> </div> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="aa-fond-blanc aa-en-tete-aide-largeur" style="margin-bottom:10px;"> <div class="aa-en-tete-aide-droite"></div> <div class="aa-en-tete-aide-chapo"> <div class="aa-en-tete-aide-petit" style="margin:0; margin-bottom: 3px;"> <strong class="aa-couleur-niveau-debutant">Niveau débutant</strong> </div> <div class="aa-en-tete-aide-description" style="clear:left;"> Sur Wikipédia, chaque information doit être <b><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">vérifiable</a></b> par le lectorat. <br> Il est donc indispensable, à chaque fois que vous ajoutez une information, de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citez_vos_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Citez vos sources"><b>citer vos sources</b></a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Identifier_des_sources_fiables?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Identifier des sources fiables">voyez <b>quelles sources utiliser</b></a>). </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Vocabulaire" data-mw-thread-id="h-Vocabulaire"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Vocabulaire"></span>Vocabulaire<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Vocabulaire"></span></h2><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Vocabulaire","replies":[]}}--> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Une information est vérifiée par une <b>source</b>&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Identifier_des_sources_fiables?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Identifier des sources fiables">un livre, une étude, un article de presse,&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr></a> Cette source est désignée par une <b>référence</b>&nbsp;: auteur, titre, éditeur, lien (externe), identifiant,&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr>, afin qu'une personne consultant l'article puisse savoir d'où provient l'information.</p> <p>Dans le corps de l'article, on «&nbsp;cite la référence&nbsp;», par le biais d'une <b>note de bas de page</b>. Les trois notions étant proches, il arrive que l'on parle «&nbsp;d'insérer des références&nbsp;», «&nbsp;citer des sources&nbsp;», «&nbsp;citer une référence&nbsp;», «&nbsp;sourcer&nbsp;»,&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="et cetera">etc.</abbr></p> <p><b>NB</b>&nbsp;: une référence est distincte d'un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Liens_internes?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Liens internes">lien interne</a> ou d'un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Liens_externes?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Liens externes">lien externe</a>. Ces trois notions se rapportent à des processus et objectifs différents.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Comment_ajouter_des_références_?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Comment_ajouter_des_références_?"><span id="Comment_ajouter_des_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences_.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Comment_ajouter_des_références_?"></span>Comment ajouter des références&nbsp;?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Comment_ajouter_des_références_?"></span></h2><!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Comment_ajouter_des_r\u00e9f\u00e9rences_?","replies":[]}}--> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Une fois que vous avez <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Comment_trouver_des_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Comment trouver des sources">trouvé des sources</a> et que vous vous êtes assuré de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Identifier_des_sources_fiables?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Identifier des sources fiables">leur fiabilité</a>, il faut les lier à votre article au moyen de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Note_de_bas_de_page?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Note de bas de page">notes de bas de page</a>. Une note est généralement représentée par un numéro apparaissant sous la forme d'un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lien_interne_et_lien_externe?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lien interne et lien externe">lien interne</a> à l'article, placé en exposant du texte&nbsp;:</p> <div style="margin:0.5em 2em;"> <strong>Exemple&nbsp;:</strong> <div style="padding-left:2em; border-left:1px dotted #999;"> <p>Les ptérosaures ont existé du Trias supérieur, il y a <span class="nowrap">225 millions</span> d’années (Ma), à la fin du Crétacé, il y a 65&nbsp;<abbr class="abbr" title="million d'années">Ma</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Pr%C3%A9sentez_vos_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </div> </div> <p>Ce lien interne renvoie à la définition de la source, mise en forme dans une section à part de bas de page. Ainsi, la référence «&nbsp;1&nbsp;» de l'exemple ci-dessus sera affichée dans une section intitulée <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Conventions_de_plan?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences" title="Wikipédia:Conventions de plan">«&nbsp;Notes et références&nbsp;»</a> en bas d'article&nbsp;; la flèche bleue «&nbsp;<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r216721247">.mw-parser-output .texte-bleu{color:var(--color-progressive,#002bb8)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-day .mw-parser-output .texte-bleu{color:#002bb8}</style><span class="texte-bleu">↑</span>&nbsp;» renvoie au lien interne contenu dans le corps du texte de l'article.</p> <div style="margin:0.5em 2em;"> <strong>Exemple&nbsp;:</strong> <div style="padding-left:2em; border-left:1px dotted #999;"> <p><big>Notes et références</big></p> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Pr%C3%A9sentez_vos_sources?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">«&nbsp;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/pterosaures/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Ptérosaures</cite></a>&nbsp;», sur <span class="italique"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Universalis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopædia Universalis">Encyclopædia Universalis</a></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-01-04" data-sort-value="2021-01-04">4 janvier 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>Deux interfaces sont disponibles pour insérer des références (pour plus d'explication sur la différence entre les deux interfaces, voir <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Outils_d%27%C3%A9dition?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Outils d'édition">Aide:Outils d'édition</a>), présentées dans le tableau suivant.</p> <table class="wikitable centre"> <caption> Interfaces pour insérer des références </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="col"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Outils_d%27%C3%A9dition?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89diteur_visuel" title="Aide:Outils d'édition">Éditeur visuel</a> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div>«&nbsp;modifier&nbsp;»</th> <th scope="col" width="50%"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Outils_d%27%C3%A9dition?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Wikicode" title="Aide:Outils d'édition">Wikicode</a> <div class="clear" style="clear:both;"></div>«&nbsp;modifier le code&nbsp;»</th> </tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(%C3%89diteur_visuel)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)">Aide:Insérer une référence (Éditeur visuel)</a></p></td> <td style="text-align:center;"><p>Niveau débutant&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Ins%C3%A9rer_une_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_(wikicode)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Insérer une référence (wikicode)">Aide:Insérer une référence (wikicode)</a><br> Niveau avancé&nbsp;: <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Note?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Note">Aide:Note</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Note_(aide_d%C3%A9taill%C3%A9e)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Note (aide détaillée)">Aide:Note (aide détaillée)</a></p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐868759585b‐nzthh Cached time: 20250214181941 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.007 seconds CPU time usage: 0.091 seconds Real time usage: 0.127 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 291/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4739/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 828/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1586/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.040/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2997790/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 103.103 1 -total 82.02% 84.562 2 Modèle:Exemple 56.52% 58.270 1 Modèle:Références 50.23% 51.785 1 Modèle:Lien_web 20.35% 20.977 1 Modèle:Unité 7.59% 7.825 1 Modèle:En-tête_Aide 6.59% 6.795 1 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B9%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A9:%25D9%2587%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25B4_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B5%25D9%2581%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA" title="مساعدة:هوامش الصفحات&nbsp;–&nbsp;arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مساعدة:هوامش الصفحات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B9%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A9:%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8_%25D9%2583%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AD%25D8%25B8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA_%25D9%2588_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B5%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1" title="مساعدة:اسلوب كتابة الملاحظات و المصادر&nbsp;–&nbsp;arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مساعدة:اسلوب كتابة الملاحظات و المصادر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BC:%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A7%2580%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="সহায়:পাদটীকা&nbsp;–&nbsp;assamais" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সহায়:পাদটীকা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F:%25D0%25A2%25D3%25A9%25D1%2588%25D3%25A9%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D3%2599%25D0%25BB%25D3%2599%25D1%2580" title="Википедия:Төшөрмәләр&nbsp;–&nbsp;bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Википедия:Төшөрмәләр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D1%258B%25D1%258F:%25D0%2597%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596" title="Вікіпедыя:Зноскі&nbsp;–&nbsp;biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вікіпедыя:Зноскі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A4%25A6:%25E0%25A4%25AB%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%259F" title="मदद:फुटनोट&nbsp;–&nbsp;Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मदद:फुटनोट" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF:%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A7%2580%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="সাহায্য:পাদটীকা&nbsp;–&nbsp;bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাহায্য:পাদটীকা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Anotacions_a_peu_de_p%25C3%25A0gina" title="Ajuda:Anotacions a peu de pàgina&nbsp;–&nbsp;catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ajuda:Anotacions a peu de pàgina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8:%25D0%25A2%25D3%2580%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588" title="Википеди:ТӀетовжамаш&nbsp;–&nbsp;tchétchène" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Википеди:ТӀетовжамаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tchétchène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%25C3%25A1pov%25C4%259Bda:Reference" title="Nápověda:Reference&nbsp;–&nbsp;tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nápověda:Reference" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8:%25D0%25A2%25C4%2595%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B2%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC" title="Википеди:Тĕсевсем&nbsp;–&nbsp;tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Википеди:Тĕсевсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hj%25C3%25A6lp:Slutnoter" title="Hjælp:Slutnoter&nbsp;–&nbsp;danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hjælp:Slutnoter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilfe:Einzelnachweise" title="Hilfe:Einzelnachweise&nbsp;–&nbsp;allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hilfe:Einzelnachweise" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes&nbsp;–&nbsp;anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Help:Footnotes" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helpo:Referencoj_kaj_piednotoj" title="Helpo:Referencoj kaj piednotoj&nbsp;–&nbsp;espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Helpo:Referencoj kaj piednotoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayuda:C%25C3%25B3mo_referenciar" title="Ayuda:Cómo referenciar&nbsp;–&nbsp;espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ayuda:Cómo referenciar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2587%25D9%2586%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7:%25D9%25BE%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2588%25DB%258C%25D8%25B3%25E2%2580%258C%25D9%2587%25D8%25A7" title="راهنما:پانویس‌ها&nbsp;–&nbsp;persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راهنما:پانویس‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axuda:Citas_ao_p%25C3%25A9" title="Axuda:Citas ao pé&nbsp;–&nbsp;galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Axuda:Citas ao pé" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AA%25AE%25E0%25AA%25A6%25E0%25AA%25A6:Footnotes" title="મદદ:Footnotes&nbsp;–&nbsp;goudjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મદદ:Footnotes" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="goudjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A2%25D7%2596%25D7%25A8%25D7%2594:%25D7%2594%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A8%25D7%25AA_%25D7%25A9%25D7%2595%25D7%259C%25D7%2599%25D7%2599%25D7%259D" title="עזרה:הערת שוליים&nbsp;–&nbsp;hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עזרה:הערת שוליים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25B9%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BE:%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25AD" title="सहायता:सन्दर्भ&nbsp;–&nbsp;hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सहायता:सन्दर्भ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Fusnote" title="Wikipedija:Fusnote&nbsp;–&nbsp;croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikipedija:Fusnote" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%258E%25D5%25AB%25D6%2584%25D5%25AB%25D5%25BA%25D5%25A5%25D5%25A4%25D5%25AB%25D5%25A1:%25D4%25BE%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6%25D5%25B8%25D5%25A9%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A3%25D6%2580%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25A9%25D5%25B5%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25B6%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580" title="Վիքիպեդիա:Ծանոթագրություններ&nbsp;–&nbsp;arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիքիպեդիա:Ծանոթագրություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:Catatan_kaki" title="Bantuan:Catatan kaki&nbsp;–&nbsp;indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bantuan:Catatan kaki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:Note" title="Aiuto:Note&nbsp;–&nbsp;italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aiuto:Note" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%25E8%2584%259A%25E6%25B3%25A8" title="Help:脚注&nbsp;–&nbsp;japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Help:脚注" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitulung:Cathetan_sikil" title="Pitulung:Cathetan sikil&nbsp;–&nbsp;javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pitulung:Cathetan sikil" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%258F%2584%25EC%259B%2580%25EB%25A7%2590:%25EA%25B0%2581%25EC%25A3%25BC" title="도움말:각주&nbsp;–&nbsp;coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도움말:각주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:Notes_jap%25C3%25A9" title="Aiuto:Notes japé&nbsp;–&nbsp;Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Aiuto:Notes japé" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal%25C4%25ABdz%25C4%25ABba:Atsauces" title="Palīdzība:Atsauces&nbsp;–&nbsp;letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Palīdzība:Atsauces" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B6:%25D0%25AD%25D1%2585_%25D1%2581%25D1%2583%25D1%2580%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B6" title="Тусламж:Эх сурвалж&nbsp;–&nbsp;mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тусламж:Эх сурвалж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:Nota_kaki" title="Bantuan:Nota kaki&nbsp;–&nbsp;malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bantuan:Nota kaki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Referenties_en_voetnoten" title="Help:Referenties en voetnoten&nbsp;–&nbsp;néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Help:Referenties en voetnoten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjelp:Referanser" title="Hjelp:Referanser&nbsp;–&nbsp;norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hjelp:Referanser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AC%25B8%25E0%25AC%25B9%25E0%25AC%25AF%25E0%25AD%258B%25E0%25AC%2597:Footnotes" title="ସହଯୋଗ:Footnotes&nbsp;–&nbsp;odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସହଯୋଗ:Footnotes" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomoc:Przypisy" title="Pomoc:Przypisy&nbsp;–&nbsp;polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pomoc:Przypisy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%25C3%25A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Refer%25C3%25AAncias_e_notas_de_rodap%25C3%25A9" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Referências e notas de rodapé&nbsp;–&nbsp;portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Referências e notas de rodapé" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajutor:Note" title="Ajutor:Note&nbsp;–&nbsp;roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ajutor:Note" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2592%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F:%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8" title="Википедия:Сноски&nbsp;–&nbsp;russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:Сноски" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%259C%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2582%2588%25E1%2581%25B8%25E1%2580%25BD%25E1%2582%2586%25E1%2582%2588%25E1%2580%2591%25E1%2582%2585%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BA:Footnotes" title="လွင်ႈၸွႆႈထႅမ်:Footnotes&nbsp;–&nbsp;shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="လွင်ႈၸွႆႈထႅမ်:Footnotes" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%258B%25E0%25B6%25AF%25E0%25B7%2580%25E0%25B7%2594:Footnotes" title="උදවු:Footnotes&nbsp;–&nbsp;cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="උදවු:Footnotes" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes&nbsp;–&nbsp;Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Help:Footnotes" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomoc:Referencie" title="Pomoc:Referencie&nbsp;–&nbsp;slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pomoc:Referencie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomo%25C4%258D:Sklici_na_koncu_besedila" title="Pomoč:Sklici na koncu besedila&nbsp;–&nbsp;slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pomoč:Sklici na koncu besedila" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259F%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%259B:%25D0%25A4%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5" title="Помоћ:Фусноте&nbsp;–&nbsp;serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Помоћ:Фусноте" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%2598%25E0%25B8%25B5%25E0%25B9%2583%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B9%2589:%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%2596" title="วิธีใช้:เชิงอรรถ&nbsp;–&nbsp;thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิธีใช้:เชิงอรรถ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yard%25C4%25B1m:Dipnotlar" title="Yardım:Dipnotlar&nbsp;–&nbsp;turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yardım:Dipnotlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%2596%25D0%25B4%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0:%25D0%259F%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D1%2596%25D1%2582%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8" title="Довідка:Примітки&nbsp;–&nbsp;ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Довідка:Примітки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%25E1%25BB%25A3_gi%25C3%25BAp:C%25C6%25B0%25E1%25BB%259Bc_ch%25C3%25BA" title="Trợ giúp:Cước chú&nbsp;–&nbsp;vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trợ giúp:Cước chú" 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