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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Operation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_voyage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_voyage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Final voyage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_voyage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wreck" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wreck"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Wreck</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wreck-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Similar_fate_for_sister_ships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Similar_fate_for_sister_ships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Similar fate for sister ships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Similar_fate_for_sister_ships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Cotopaxi" title="SS Cotopaxi – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="SS Cotopaxi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="اس‌اس کوتوپاکسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اس‌اس کوتوپاکسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Cotopaxi" title="SS Cotopaxi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="SS Cotopaxi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Cotopaxi" title="SS Cotopaxi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="SS Cotopaxi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Cotopaxi" title="SS Cotopaxi – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="SS Cotopaxi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Cotopaxi" title="SS Cotopaxi – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="SS Cotopaxi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Cotopaxi_(1918)" title="SS Cotopaxi (1918) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="SS Cotopaxi (1918)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Cotopaxi_(1918)" title="SS Cotopaxi (1918) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="SS Cotopaxi (1918)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Cotopaxi" title="SS Cotopaxi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="SS Cotopaxi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/American_steamship_SS_Cotopaxi_%28built_1918%29.png/450px-American_steamship_SS_Cotopaxi_%28built_1918%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/American_steamship_SS_Cotopaxi_%28built_1918%29.png/600px-American_steamship_SS_Cotopaxi_%28built_1918%29.png 2x" data-file-width="905" data-file-height="709" /></a></span><div>The <i>Cotopaxi</i> in Pará, Brazil, 1919</div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">History</th></tr> <tr><th height="30" colspan="2" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;text-align:left;padding-left:2px;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/54px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="54" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/107px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><span style="padding-left:1em"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></span></th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Name</td><td><i>Cotopaxi</i></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Namesake</td><td><a href="/wiki/Cotopaxi" title="Cotopaxi">Cotopaxi</a> volcano</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Owner</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Shipping_Board" title="United States Shipping Board">USSB</a> (1918)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Clinchfield Navigation Co. (1919–1925)</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Ordered</td><td>5 March 1918</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Builder</td><td><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Engineering_Works" title="Great Lakes Engineering Works">Great Lakes Engineering Works</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecorse,_Michigan" title="Ecorse, Michigan">Ecorse</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Cost</td><td><span style="white-space: nowrap">US$</span>827,648.48</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Yard number</td><td>209</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Laid down</td><td>29 August 1918</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Launched</td><td>15 November 1918</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Commissioned</td><td>30 November 1918</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Homeport</td><td><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Identification</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">US Official Number: 217270</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Maritime_call_sign" title="Maritime call sign">Call sign</a>: LNWH</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><span class="flagicon" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ICS_Lima.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/ICS_Lima.svg/15px-ICS_Lima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/ICS_Lima.svg/23px-ICS_Lima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/ICS_Lima.svg/30px-ICS_Lima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span class="flagicon" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ICS_November.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/ICS_November.svg/15px-ICS_November.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/ICS_November.svg/23px-ICS_November.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/ICS_November.svg/30px-ICS_November.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span class="flagicon" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ICS_Whiskey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/ICS_Whiskey.svg/15px-ICS_Whiskey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/ICS_Whiskey.svg/23px-ICS_Whiskey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/ICS_Whiskey.svg/30px-ICS_Whiskey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span class="flagicon" style="padding-right:0.3em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ICS_Hotel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/ICS_Hotel.svg/15px-ICS_Hotel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/ICS_Hotel.svg/23px-ICS_Hotel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/ICS_Hotel.svg/30px-ICS_Hotel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Fate</td><td>Foundered off Jacksonville, Florida, December 1925</td></tr> <tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">General characteristics</th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Type</td><td>Design 1060 ship</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Tonnage</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2,351 <a href="/wiki/Gross_register_tonnage" title="Gross register tonnage">GRT</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">1,433 <a href="/wiki/Net_register_tonnage" title="Net register tonnage">NRT</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">4,062 <a href="/wiki/Deadweight_tonnage" title="Deadweight tonnage">DWT</a></li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Length</td><td>253 ft 0 in (77.11 m) <a href="/wiki/Length_between_perpendiculars" title="Length between perpendiculars">registered length</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Beam</td><td>43 ft 8 in (13.31 m)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Depth</td><td>25 ft 6 in (7.77 m)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Installed power</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">211 <a href="/wiki/Nhp" class="mw-redirect" title="Nhp">Nhp</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">1,350 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower#Indicated_horsepower" title="Horsepower">ihp</a> (1,010 <a href="/wiki/Kilowatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilowatt">kW</a>)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 x <a href="/wiki/Scotch_marine_boiler" title="Scotch marine boiler">Scotch marine boilers</a></li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Propulsion</td><td><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Engineering_Works" title="Great Lakes Engineering Works">Great Lakes Engineering Works</a> 3-cylinder <a href="/wiki/Triple_expansion_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Triple expansion engine">triple expansion</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Speed</td><td>9.0 <a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">knots</a> (16.7 km/h; 10.4 mph)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Crew</td><td>30-32</td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Paranormal" title="Category:Paranormal">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%;padding:0 0.2em 0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">Paranormal</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)">Main articles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astral_projection" title="Astral projection">Astral projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrology" title="Astrology">Astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(paranormal)" title="Aura (paranormal)">Aura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilocation" title="Bilocation">Bilocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inedia" title="Inedia">Breatharianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clairvoyance" title="Clairvoyance">Clairvoyance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Close_encounter" title="Close encounter">Close encounter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_spot_(paranormal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold spot (paranormal)">Cold spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_gazing" title="Crystal gazing">Crystal gazing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evocation" title="Evocation">Conjuration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptozoology" title="Cryptozoology">Cryptozoology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession" title="Spirit possession">Demonic possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demonology" title="Demonology">Demonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppelg%C3%A4nger" title="Doppelgänger">Doppelgänger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ectoplasm_(paranormal)" title="Ectoplasm (paranormal)">Ectoplasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_voice_phenomenon" title="Electronic voice phenomenon">Electronic voice phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism" title="Exorcism">Exorcism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrasensory_perception" title="Extrasensory perception">Extrasensory perception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forteana" class="mw-redirect" title="Forteana">Forteana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune-telling" title="Fortune-telling">Fortune-telling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_hunting" title="Ghost hunting">Ghost hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations" title="List of reportedly haunted locations">Haunted locations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations_in_India" title="List of reportedly haunted locations in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reportedly_haunted_locations_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Reportedly haunted locations in the United Kingdom">UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reportedly_haunted_locations_in_the_United_States" title="List of reportedly haunted locations in the United States">US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_(supernatural)" title="Magic (supernatural)">Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediumship" title="Mediumship">Mediumship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">Occult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orb_(optics)#Paranormal_claims" class="mw-redirect" title="Orb (optics)">Orb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouija" title="Ouija">Ouija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_fiction" title="Paranormal fiction">Paranormal fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_television" title="Paranormal television">Paranormal television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precognition" title="Precognition">Precognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preternatural" title="Preternatural">Preternatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychic" title="Psychic">Psychic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychic_reading" title="Psychic reading">Psychic reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychometry_(paranormal)" title="Psychometry (paranormal)">Psychometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">Reincarnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_viewing" title="Remote viewing">Remote viewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrocognition" title="Retrocognition">Retrocognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_photography" title="Spirit photography">Spirit photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession" title="Spirit possession">Spirit possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_world_(Spiritualism)" title="Spirit world (Spiritualism)">Spirit world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(beliefs)" title="Spiritualism (beliefs)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Tape" class="mw-redirect" title="Stone Tape">Stone Tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telekinesis" title="Telekinesis">Telekinesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telepathy" title="Telepathy">Telepathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table-turning" title="Table-turning">Table-turning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ufology" title="Ufology">Ufology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Skepticism" title="Skepticism">Skepticism</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_reading" title="Cold reading">Cold reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Skeptical_Inquiry" title="Committee for Skeptical Inquiry">Committee for Skeptical Inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debunker" title="Debunker">Debunking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoax" title="Hoax">Hoax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Randi_Educational_Foundation" title="James Randi Educational Foundation">James Randi Educational Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_thinking" title="Magical thinking">Magical thinking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prizes_for_evidence_of_the_paranormal" title="List of prizes for evidence of the paranormal">Prizes for evidence of the paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoskepticism" title="Pseudoskepticism">Pseudoskepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_literacy" title="Scientific literacy">Scientific literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_skepticism" title="Scientific skepticism">Scientific skepticism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Parapsychology" title="Parapsychology">Parapsychology</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anomalous_experiences" title="Anomalous experiences">Anomalous experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apparitional_experience" title="Apparitional experience">Apparitional experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empath" title="Empath">Empath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_awakening" title="False awakening">False awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnosis" title="Hypnosis">Hypnosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideomotor_phenomenon" title="Ideomotor phenomenon">Ideomotor phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Out-of-body_experience" title="Out-of-body experience">Out-of-body experiences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parapsychology" title="Parapsychology">Parapsychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronicity" title="Synchronicity">Synchronicity</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anomalistics" title="Anomalistics">Anomalistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_ignorance" title="Argument from ignorance">Argument from ignorance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_populum" title="Argumentum ad populum">Argumentum ad populum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandwagon_effect" title="Bandwagon effect">Bandwagon effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begging_the_question" title="Begging the question">Begging the question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_dissonance" title="Cognitive dissonance">Cognitive dissonance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communal_reinforcement" title="Communal reinforcement">Communal reinforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallacy" title="Fallacy">Fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falsifiability" title="Falsifiability">Falsifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fringe_science" title="Fringe science">Fringe science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupthink" title="Groupthink">Groupthink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypnosis" title="Hypnosis">Hypnosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junk_science" title="Junk science">Junk science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protoscience" title="Protoscience">Protoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_evidence" title="Scientific evidence">Scientific evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">Scientific method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superstition" title="Superstition">Superstition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncertainty" title="Uncertainty">Uncertainty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">Urban legend</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Paranormal" title="Template:Paranormal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Paranormal" title="Template talk:Paranormal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Paranormal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Paranormal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>SS <i>Cotopaxi</i></b> was an <a href="/wiki/United_States_Shipping_Board_Merchant_Fleet_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Shipping Board Merchant Fleet Corporation">Emergency Fleet Corporation</a> (EFC) Design 1060 bulk carrier built for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Shipping_Board" title="United States Shipping Board">United States Shipping Board</a> (USSB) under the World War I emergency shipbuilding program. The ship, launched 15 November 1918, was named after the <a href="/wiki/Cotopaxi" title="Cotopaxi">Cotopaxi</a> stratovolcano of <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>. The ship arrived in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, 22 December 1918, to begin operations for the USSB, through 23 December 1919, when <i>Cotopaxi</i> was delivered to the Clinchfield Navigation Company under terms of sale. </p><p>During operation for the USSB the ship suffered serious damage in a grounding on the coast of <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, and later, operating for Clinchfield Navigation, was involved in a collision with a tug in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, Cuba, resulting in the tug being sunk. She and a crew of thirty-two vanished in December 1925, while en route from <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston</a>, South Carolina, to Havana, with a cargo of coal. </p><p>The wreck was discovered in the 1980s, but not identified until January 2020. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div> <p><i>Cotopaxi</i> was one of seventeen EFC Design 1060 4,200 <a href="/wiki/Deadweight_tonnage" title="Deadweight tonnage">DWT</a>, 2,351 <a href="/wiki/Gross_register_tonnage" title="Gross register tonnage">GRT</a> steam-powered "Laker" type bulk carrier ships built for the USSB by the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Engineering_Works" title="Great Lakes Engineering Works">Great Lakes Engineering Works</a> (GLEW), River Rouge Yard, <a href="/wiki/Ecorse,_Michigan" title="Ecorse, Michigan">Ecorse</a>, Michigan, as hull number 209. The design was unique to GLEW<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with deckhouse and engines aft (a design commonly termed a "Stemwinder") with four cargo hatches forward served by two masts.<sup id="cite_ref-McK_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McK-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Cotopaxi</i>, official number<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 217270, <a href="/wiki/Maritime_call_sign" title="Maritime call sign">signal letters</a> <b>LNWH</b>, was 253.4 ft (77.2 m) <a href="/wiki/Length_between_perpendiculars" title="Length between perpendiculars">registered length</a>, 43.7 ft (13.3 m) beam with a depth of 25.1 ft (7.7 m).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The keel was laid 29 August 1918, with launch on 15 November, and delivery to the USSB on 30 November 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-Hearing_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hearing-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GLEW_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Design 1060 ships were propelled by one triple expansion engine of 1,350 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower#Indicated_horsepower" title="Horsepower">indicated horsepower</a> (1,010 <a href="/wiki/Kilowatt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilowatt">kW</a>) with steam power from two coal fired <a href="/wiki/Scotch_marine_boiler" title="Scotch marine boiler">Scotch marine boilers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GLEW_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ship was completed at a cost of $827,648.48 (equivalent to $16,752,000 in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-Hearing_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hearing-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation">Operation</h2></div> <p>After arrival in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, on 22 December 1918, the ship was allocated to a USSB operator serving routes from U.S. ports to the East coast of <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GLEW_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 June 1919, while on a voyage from <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Salvador,_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvador, Brazil">Salvador, Brazil</a>, <i>Cotopaxi</i> ran aground in the Braganca Channel, <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1" title="Pará">Pará</a>, Brazil. After jettisoning some 400 tons of coal the ship limped into port on 19 June, badly damaged, including damage to the engines.<sup id="cite_ref-GLEW_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Repairs cost nearly <span style="white-space: nowrap">$200,000</span> (equivalent to about $3,500,000 in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-GLEW_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 December 1919, <i>Cotopaxi</i> was delivered to the Clinchfield Navigation Company under terms of a sale at a price of $375,000, with $93,750 to be paid cash, with $281,250 to be paid in three installments of $93,750, on promissory notes secured by mortgage on the ship due on 22 December 1920, 1921, and 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-Hearing_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hearing-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1920, the ship entered <a href="/wiki/Havana_Harbor" title="Havana Harbor">Havana Harbor</a>, on a voyage from Charleston, South Carolina, with a cargo of coal and collided with the <a href="/wiki/Ward_Line" title="Ward Line">Ward Line</a> tug <i>Saturno</i>. <i>Cotopaxi</i> was not seriously damaged but the tug sank. A case resulting from the accident was on appeal determined to be the equal fault of both vessels and damages were thus allocated.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Final_voyage">Final voyage</h2></div> <p>On 29 November 1925, <i>Cotopaxi</i> departed Charleston, for Havana, under Captain W. J. Meyer, with a cargo of coal and a crew of thirty-two.<sup id="cite_ref-GLEW_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Times311225_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Times311225-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SN061225_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SN061225-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 December, <i>Cotopaxi</i> radioed a distress call reporting that the ship was listing and taking on water<sup id="cite_ref-GLEW_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Times311225_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Times311225-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EP270326_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EP270326-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during <a href="/wiki/1925_Florida_tropical_storm" title="1925 Florida tropical storm">a tropical storm</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ship was officially listed as overdue on 31 December.<sup id="cite_ref-Times311225_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Times311225-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wreck">Wreck</h2></div> <p>The wreck of <i>Cotopaxi</i> lies 35 nmi (65 km; 40 mi) off <a href="/wiki/St._Augustine,_Florida" title="St. Augustine, Florida">St. Augustine</a>, Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-npr_2020_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-npr_2020-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was discovered in the 1980s, but could not be identified, and subsequently dubbed the "Bear Wreck".<sup id="cite_ref-smithsonian_2020_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smithsonian_2020-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Cotopaxi</i> was identified in January 2020, based on fifteen years of investigation by marine biologist Michael Barnette.<sup id="cite_ref-smithsonian_2020_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-smithsonian_2020-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Newsweek_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newsweek-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-npr_2020_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-npr_2020-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Similar_fate_for_sister_ships">Similar fate for sister ships</h2></div> <p><i>Cotopaxi</i> was one of three of the seventeen Design 1060 ships built at the River Rouge Yard lost and initially listed as missing. <i>Coushatta</i> (hull 216, ON 217728), renamed <i>John Tracy</i>, was listed as missing on a voyage from <a href="/wiki/Norfolk,_Virginia" title="Norfolk, Virginia">Norfolk</a>, Virginia, to Boston, January 1927. The ship is now listed among the <a href="/wiki/Collier_(ship)" title="Collier (ship)">collier</a> wrecks of <a href="/wiki/Stellwagen_Bank_National_Marine_Sanctuary" title="Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary">Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary</a> where ships with coal cargoes are second only to fishing vessels as victims of disaster.<sup id="cite_ref-McK_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McK-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GLEW_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Coverun</i> (hull 221, ON 218005), after being renamed <i>Mahukona</i>, and then sold and operating as <i>Santa Clara</i>, under the <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazilian</a> flag, was listed as missing southwest of <a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a>, February 1941, while on a voyage from <a href="/wiki/Newport_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Newport News">Newport News</a> to <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McK_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McK-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several were lost due to wartime action, with others lost to other causes. <i>Corydon</i> (hull 206, ON 217236) foundered in the <a href="/wiki/Bahama_Channel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahama Channel">Bahama Channel</a> during a hurricane in September 1919. <i>Cottonwood</i> (hull 211, ON 217423), renamed <i>Stanburn</i>, foundered October 1946, after striking a submerged object.<sup id="cite_ref-McK_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McK-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the ships, <i>Covena</i> (hull 220, ON 217810), became notable as the unique<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Engineer_Port_Repair_ship" title="U.S. Army Engineer Port Repair ship">U.S. Army Port Repair ship</a> <a href="/wiki/Junior_N._Van_Noy_(ship)" title="Junior N. Van Noy (ship)"><i>Junior N. Van Noy</i></a>. That ship was first of the port repair ships to sail for Europe where it engaged in repairs at <a href="/wiki/Cherbourg" title="Cherbourg">Cherbourg</a>, France.<sup id="cite_ref-McK_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McK-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rp_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rp-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_fiction">In fiction</h2></div> <p>In the 1977 film <i><a href="/wiki/Close_Encounters_of_the_Third_Kind" title="Close Encounters of the Third Kind">Close Encounters of the Third Kind</a></i>, <i>Cotopaxi</i> is connected to the legend of the <a href="/wiki/Bermuda_Triangle" title="Bermuda Triangle">Bermuda Triangle</a>, and is discovered in the <a href="/wiki/Gobi_Desert" title="Gobi Desert">Gobi Desert</a>, presumably set there by <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">extraterrestrial</a> forces.<sup id="cite_ref-Morton2007_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morton2007-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBCFilms_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCFilms-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The twenty-four 1060 ships were built at one of the two yards. Seven were built at the Ashtabula Yards, <a href="/wiki/Ashtabula,_Ohio" title="Ashtabula, Ohio">Ashtabula</a>, Ohio, with the remaining seventeen ships built at the River Rouge Yards, Ecorse.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The reference, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shipscribe.com/mckellar/pix/1060.html">EFC Design 1060: Illustrations</a> has inboard profile, plan and photographs of sister ships.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The number assigned as the United States unique identifier for commercial vessels prior to the adoption of the <a href="/wiki/IMO_number" title="IMO number">IMO number</a> system introduced in 1987, and mandatory 1 January 1996, by international treaty.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The other nine port repair ships were conversions from Navy <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Commission">Maritime Commission</a> <a href="/wiki/Type_N3_ship" title="Type N3 ship">type N3-M-A1</a> vessels.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-McK-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McK_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McK_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McK_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McK_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McK_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcKellar" class="citation web cs1">McKellar, Norman L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shipscribe.com/mckellar/Contract5.pdf">"Steel Shipbuilding under the U. S. Shipping Board, 1917-1921, Contract Steel Ships, Part V"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Steel Shipbuilding under the U. S. Shipping Board, 1917-1921</i>. ShipScribe. pp. 321–322.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Steel+Shipbuilding+under+the+U.+S.+Shipping+Board%2C+1917-1921&rft.atitle=Steel+Shipbuilding+under+the+U.+S.+Shipping+Board%2C+1917-1921%2C+Contract+Steel+Ships%2C+Part+V&rft.pages=321-322&rft.aulast=McKellar&rft.aufirst=Norman+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shipscribe.com%2Fmckellar%2FContract5.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKellar" class="citation web cs1">McKellar, Norman L. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shipscribe.com/mckellar/pix/1060.html">"EFC Design 1060: Illustrations"</a>. <i>Steel Shipbuilding under the U. S. Shipping Board, 1917-1921 {Illustrations)</i>. ShipScribe.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Steel+Shipbuilding+under+the+U.+S.+Shipping+Board%2C+1917-1921+%7BIllustrations%29&rft.atitle=EFC+Design+1060%3A+Illustrations&rft.aulast=McKellar&rft.aufirst=Norman+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shipscribe.com%2Fmckellar%2Fpix%2F1060.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4_fLbYKZ11YC&pg=PA52"><i>Merchant Vessels of the United States, Year ended June 30, 1925</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Department of Commerce, Bureau of Navigation. 1925. p. 52.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Merchant+Vessels+of+the+United+States%2C+Year+ended+June+30%2C+1925&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Department+of+Commerce%2C+Bureau+of+Navigation&rft.date=1925&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4_fLbYKZ11YC%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://greatlakes.bgsu.edu/item/434615">"Historical Collections of the Great Lakes — Vessels — <i>Cotopaxi</i>"</a>. Bowling Green State University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historical+Collections+of+the+Great+Lakes+%E2%80%94+Vessels+%E2%80%94+Cotopaxi&rft.pub=Bowling+Green+State+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgreatlakes.bgsu.edu%2Fitem%2F434615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hearing-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hearing_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hearing_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hearing_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yX_NAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA2300"><i>United States Shipping Board and Emergency Fleet Corporation: Hearings: Exhibits to Testimony</i></a>. Vol. Part C. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1925. pp. 2300–2301.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=United+States+Shipping+Board+and+Emergency+Fleet+Corporation%3A+Hearings%3A+Exhibits+to+Testimony&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=2300-2301&rft.pub=Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1925&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyX_NAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA2300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GLEW-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GLEW_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GLEW_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GLEW_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GLEW_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GLEW_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GLEW_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GLEW_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GLEW_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mhsd.org/glew/8hulls206-249.pdf"><i>The Great Lakes Engineering Works. The Shipyard and its Vessels</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Detroit: Marine Historical Society of Detroit. p. Hull 209.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Lakes+Engineering+Works.+The+Shipyard+and+its+Vessels&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pages=Hull+209&rft.pub=Marine+Historical+Society+of+Detroit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mhsd.org%2Fglew%2F8hulls206-249.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q7gjAQAAMAAJ&pg=PR49-IA109">"Marine Losses for June 1919"</a>. <i>The Eastern Underwriter</i>: 19. July 4, 1919.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Eastern+Underwriter&rft.atitle=Marine+Losses+for+June+1919&rft.pages=19&rft.date=1919-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dq7gjAQAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPR49-IA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2d5EAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA415">"Marine Casualties"</a>. <i>The Nautical Gazette</i>: 415. June 21, 1919.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nautical+Gazette&rft.atitle=Marine+Casualties&rft.pages=415&rft.date=1919-06-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2d5EAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sh3mAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA8-PA82">"Marine Mishaps"</a>. <i>American Shipping</i>. <b>11</b>: 82. August 10, 1920.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Shipping&rft.atitle=Marine+Mishaps&rft.volume=11&rft.pages=82&rft.date=1920-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsh3mAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DRA8-PA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>The Cotopaxi</i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cite.case.law/f2d/20/568/">20 F.2d 568</a> (2d Cir. July 5, 1927).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Times311225-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Times311225_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Times311225_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Times311225_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Mails and Shipping". <i>The Times</i>. No. 44157. 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No. 6 December 1925. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+News&rft.atitle=Cotopaxi+Still+Lost%3B+Lighthouse+Men+Watch%3B+No+Word+Since+Tuesday&rft.issue=6+December+1925&rft.pages=1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DM4hJAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3Dcotopaxi%26pg%3D2089%252C167535&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EP270326-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EP270326_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=EP19260327.2.161">"Ships and the Sea"</a>. <i>Evening Post</i>. 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Charleston, SC: The History Press. pp. 72–74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781626198043" title="Special:BookSources/9781626198043"><bdi>9781626198043</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2015935120">2015935120</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shipwrecks+of+Stellwagen+Bank%3A+Disaster+in+New+England%27s+National+Marine+Sanctuary&rft.place=Charleston%2C+SC&rft.pages=72-74&rft.pub=The+History+Press&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2015935120&rft.isbn=9781626198043&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.au=Marx%2C+Deborah&rft.au=Galluzzo%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAIT8CQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunter1941" class="citation journal cs1">Hunter, H.C. (March 1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SXPpAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA82">"Weather on the North Atlantic Ocean"</a>. <i>Monthly Weather Review</i>. <b>69</b> (3). Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Commerce: 82. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1941MWRv...69...82H">1941MWRv...69...82H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2F1520-0493%281941%29069%3C0082%3AWOTNAO%3E2.0.CO%3B2">10.1175/1520-0493(1941)069<0082:WOTNAO>2.0.CO;2</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Weather+Review&rft.atitle=Weather+on+the+North+Atlantic+Ocean&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=82&rft.date=1941-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1175%2F1520-0493%281941%29069%3C0082%3AWOTNAO%3E2.0.CO%3B2&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1941MWRv...69...82H&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=H.C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSXPpAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rp-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rp_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100111001434/http://www.history.army.mil/reference/Normandy/TS/COE/COE16.htm">"The Corps of Engineers: The War Against Germany: CHAPTER XVI Developing Beaches and Reconstructing Ports"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/reference/normandy/TS/COE/COE16.htm">the original</a> on 2010-01-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Corps+of+Engineers%3A+The+War+Against+Germany%3A+CHAPTER+XVI+Developing+Beaches+and+Reconstructing+Ports&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Freference%2Fnormandy%2FTS%2FCOE%2FCOE16.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morton2007-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morton2007_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRay_Morton2007" class="citation book cs1">Ray Morton (1 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B-ERraCGxkYC&pg=PA311"><i>Close encounters of the third kind: the making of Steven Spielberg's classic film</i></a>. Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 311. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55783-710-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55783-710-3"><bdi>978-1-55783-710-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Close+encounters+of+the+third+kind%3A+the+making+of+Steven+Spielberg%27s+classic+film&rft.pages=311&rft.pub=Hal+Leonard+Corporation&rft.date=2007-11-01&rft.isbn=978-1-55783-710-3&rft.au=Ray+Morton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB-ERraCGxkYC%26pg%3DPA311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCFilms-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBCFilms_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/2007/11/26/close_encounters_of_the_third_kind_dvd_2007_review.shtml">"Close Encounters: 30th Anniversary Ultimate Edition DVD (1977)"</a>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Close+Encounters%3A+30th+Anniversary+Ultimate+Edition+DVD+%281977%29&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Ffilms%2F2007%2F11%2F26%2Fclose_encounters_of_the_third_kind_dvd_2007_review.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASS+Cotopaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li>"Lloyd's Posts Cotopaxi as 'Missing'<span style="padding-left:.15em;">"</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, January 7, 1926.</li> <li>"Efforts to Locate Missing Ship Fail". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>, December 6, 1925.</li> <li>"Lighthouse Keepers Seek Missing Ship". <i>The Washington Post</i>, December 7, 1925.</li> <li>"53 on Missing Craft Are Reported Saved". <i>The Washington Post</i>, December 13, 1925.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_Bermuda_Triangle_incidents" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bermuda_Triangle" title="Template:Bermuda Triangle"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bermuda_Triangle" title="Template talk:Bermuda Triangle"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bermuda_Triangle" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bermuda Triangle"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_Bermuda_Triangle_incidents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bermuda_Triangle_incidents" title="List of Bermuda Triangle incidents">List of</a> <a href="/wiki/Bermuda_Triangle" title="Bermuda Triangle">Bermuda Triangle</a> incidents</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.2em;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_boat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/16px-Bt_boat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/24px-Bt_boat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/32px-Bt_boat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="94" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <small>1918:</small> <a href="/wiki/USS_Cyclops" title="USS Cyclops">USS <i>Cyclops</i> (AC-4)</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_boat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/16px-Bt_boat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/24px-Bt_boat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/32px-Bt_boat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="94" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <small>1921:</small> <i><a href="/wiki/Carroll_A._Deering" title="Carroll A. Deering">Carroll A. Deering</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.2em;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_boat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/16px-Bt_boat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/24px-Bt_boat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/32px-Bt_boat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="94" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <small>1925:</small> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">SS <i>Cotopaxi</i></a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_boat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/16px-Bt_boat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/24px-Bt_boat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/32px-Bt_boat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="94" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <small>1941:</small> <a href="/wiki/USS_Proteus_(AC-9)" title="USS Proteus (AC-9)">USS <i>Proteus</i> (AC-9)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.2em;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_boat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/16px-Bt_boat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/24px-Bt_boat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/32px-Bt_boat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="94" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <small>1941:</small> <a href="/wiki/USS_Nereus_(AC-10)" title="USS Nereus (AC-10)">USS <i>Nereus</i> (AC-10)</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_boat.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/16px-Bt_boat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/24px-Bt_boat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Bt_boat.svg/32px-Bt_boat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="94" data-file-height="94" /></a></span> <small>1963:</small> <a href="/wiki/SS_Marine_Sulphur_Queen" title="SS Marine Sulphur Queen">SS <i>Marine Sulphur Queen</i></a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.2em;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_plane.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/15px-Bt_plane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/23px-Bt_plane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/30px-Bt_plane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="127" /></a></span> <small>1945:</small> <a href="/wiki/Flight_19" title="Flight 19">Flight 19</a><br /></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_plane.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/15px-Bt_plane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/23px-Bt_plane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/30px-Bt_plane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="127" /></a></span> <small>1948:</small> <a href="/wiki/1948_Airborne_Transport_DC-3_(DST)_disappearance" class="mw-redirect" title="1948 Airborne Transport DC-3 (DST) disappearance">Airborne Transport DC-3</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;white-space:nowrap; padding-left:0.2em;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_plane.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/15px-Bt_plane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/23px-Bt_plane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/30px-Bt_plane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="127" /></a></span> <small>1948:</small> <a href="/wiki/BSAA_Star_Tiger_disappearance" title="BSAA Star Tiger disappearance">BSAA <i>Star Tiger</i></a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bt_plane.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/15px-Bt_plane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/23px-Bt_plane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bt_plane.svg/30px-Bt_plane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="127" /></a></span> <small>1949:</small> <a href="/wiki/BSAA_Star_Ariel_disappearance" title="BSAA Star Ariel disappearance">BSAA <i>Star Ariel</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Shipwrecks_and_maritime_incidents_in_1925" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1925_shipwrecks" title="Template:1925 shipwrecks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1925_shipwrecks" title="Template talk:1925 shipwrecks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1925_shipwrecks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1925 shipwrecks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Shipwrecks_and_maritime_incidents_in_1925" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1925</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1925" title="List of shipwrecks in 1925">Shipwrecks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">2 Jan: <a href="/wiki/SS_Mohawk_(1908)" title="SS Mohawk (1908)"><i>Mohawk</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">20 Jan: <a href="/wiki/HMS_Monarch_(1911)" title="HMS Monarch (1911)">HMS <i>Monarch</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">9 Feb: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_battleship_Tosa" title="Japanese battleship Tosa"><i>Tosa</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">21 Apr: <i><a href="/wiki/SM_U-46" title="SM U-46">O-2</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Raifuku_Maru" title="Raifuku Maru"><i>Raifuku Maru</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">29 Apr: <i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Usugumo_(1900)" title="Japanese destroyer Usugumo (1900)">No. 2525</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">8 May: <i><a href="/wiki/M.E._Norman" title="M.E. Norman">M.E. Norman</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">9 May: <a href="/wiki/USS_Cossack_(SP-695)" title="USS Cossack (SP-695)">USCGC <i>AB-3</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">4 Jun: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Murakumo_(1898)" title="Japanese destroyer Murakumo (1898)"><i>Murakumo</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">21 Jul: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_destroyer_Shirakumo_(1901)" title="Japanese destroyer Shirakumo (1901)"><i>Shirakumo</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2 Sep: <a href="/wiki/HMCS_Armenti%C3%A8res" title="HMCS Armentières">HMCS <i>Armentières</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">25 Sep: <a href="/wiki/USS_S-51" title="USS S-51">USS <i>S-51</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">4 Oct: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_torpedo_boat_S2" title="Finnish torpedo boat S2"><i>S2</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">19 Oct: <i><a href="/wiki/Potosi_(barque)" title="Potosi (barque)">Flora</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">29 Oct: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_submarine_Ro-52" title="Japanese submarine Ro-52"><i>Ro-52</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">5 Nov: <a href="/wiki/SV_Paul" title="SV Paul"><i>Paul</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">12 Nov: <a href="/wiki/HMS_M1_(1917)" title="HMS M1 (1917)"><i>M1</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">16 Nov: <i><a href="/wiki/Obotrita" title="Obotrita">Obotrita</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1 Dec: <a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Cotopaxi</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">15 Dec: <a href="/wiki/USS_Curlew_(AM-8)" title="USS Curlew (AM-8)">USS <i>Curlew</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">27 Dec: <a href="/wiki/Cowichan_(steamship)" title="Cowichan (steamship)"><i>Cowichan</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Unknown date: <a href="/wiki/USS_Calypso_(SP-632)" title="USS Calypso (SP-632)">USFS <i>Merganser</i></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">12 Jan: <a href="/wiki/SS_Ceramic" title="SS Ceramic"><i>Ceramic</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">13 Jan: <a href="/wiki/USS_S-19" title="USS S-19">USS <i>S-19</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">20 Jan: <i><a href="/wiki/SS_St_Petersburg" title="SS St Petersburg">Archangel</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">29 Jan: <a href="/wiki/USS_S-48" title="USS S-48">USS <i>S-48</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">25 Feb: <a href="/wiki/USS_South_Dakota_(ACR-9)" title="USS South Dakota (ACR-9)">USS <i>Huron</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">27 Feb: <i><a href="/wiki/SS_Prinz_Friedrich_Wilhelm" title="SS Prinz Friedrich Wilhelm">Montlaurier</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">8 Apr: <a href="/wiki/French_submarine_Pierre_Chailley" title="French submarine Pierre Chailley"><i>Pierre Chailley</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">14 Apr: <i><a href="/wiki/SS_Prinz_Friedrich_Wilhelm" title="SS Prinz Friedrich Wilhelm">Montlaurier</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">24 May: <a href="/wiki/SS_Lesbian_(1923)" title="SS Lesbian (1923)"><i>Lesbian</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">11 Jun: <a href="/wiki/SS_West_Saginaw" title="SS West Saginaw"><i>West Saginaw</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">12 Jun: <a href="/wiki/SS_Equity" title="SS Equity"><i>Equity</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">19 Jul: <i><a href="/wiki/SS_Empire_Simba" title="SS Empire Simba">West Cohas</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">7 Aug: <i><a href="/wiki/HMS_Forfar_(F30)" title="HMS Forfar (F30)">Montrose</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">23 Aug: <a href="/wiki/SS_Talthybius_(1911)" title="SS Talthybius (1911)"><i>Talthybius</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">26 Aug: <i><a href="/wiki/USS_Refuge_(AH-11)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Refuge (AH-11)">President Garfield</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">August (unknown date}: <i><a href="/wiki/SMS_Pillau" title="SMS Pillau">Bari</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">15 Sep: <i><a href="/wiki/Potosi_(barque)" title="Potosi (barque)">Flora</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">3 Oct: <a href="/wiki/SS_Magnetic" title="SS Magnetic"><i>Magnetic</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">26 Oct: <a href="/wiki/Russian_ironclad_Petr_Veliky" title="Russian ironclad Petr Veliky"><i>Blokshiv No. 1</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">October (unknown date): <a href="/wiki/USS_R-8" title="USS R-8">USS <i>R-8</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Widgeon_(AM-22)" title="USS Widgeon (AM-22)">USS <i>Widgeon</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">November (unknown date): <a href="/wiki/RMS_Cameronia" title="RMS Cameronia"><i>Cameronia</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Unknown date: <a href="/wiki/RMS_Celtic_(1901)" title="RMS Celtic (1901)"><i>Celtic</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USFS_Eider" title="USFS Eider"><i>Eider</i></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1924" title="List of shipwrecks in 1924">1924</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1924" title="List of shipwrecks in 1924"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/12px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/18px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg/24px-Arrow_Blue_Left_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1926" title="List of shipwrecks in 1926"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/12px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/18px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg/24px-Arrow_Blue_Right_001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_shipwrecks_in_1926" title="List of shipwrecks in 1926">1926</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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