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successors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Predecessors_and_successors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Predecessors and successors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Predecessors_and_successors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Party_splits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_splits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Party splits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_splits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Absorbed_parties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Absorbed_parties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Absorbed parties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Absorbed_parties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ideology_and_platform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ideology_and_platform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ideology and platform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ideology_and_platform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-President" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#President"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>President</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-President-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honorary_President" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honorary_President"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Honorary President</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honorary_President-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secretary-General" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secretary-General"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Secretary-General</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secretary-General-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Permanent_National_Bureau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Permanent_National_Bureau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Permanent National Bureau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Permanent_National_Bureau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Executive_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Executive_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>National Executive Committee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Executive_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>National Council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Congress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Congress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Congress</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Congress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Party leadership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Party_leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Party leadership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Party_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Presidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Presidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Executive_presidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive_presidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Executive presidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive_presidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable members</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_members-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable members subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_notable_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_notable_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Current notable members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_notable_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_notable_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_notable_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Former notable members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_notable_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Election results</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Election results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legislative_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Legislative elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Local elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-County_council_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#County_council_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.1</span> <span>County council elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-County_council_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mayor_of_Bucharest_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mayor_of_Bucharest_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2.2</span> <span>Mayor of Bucharest elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mayor_of_Bucharest_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Presidential elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Parliament_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Parliament_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>European Parliament elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Parliament_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Social Democratic Party (Romania)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A_(%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="الحزب الديمقراطي الاجتماعي (رومانيا) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحزب الديمقراطي الاجتماعي (رومانيا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part%C3%ADu_Social_Dem%C3%B3crata_(Ruman%C3%ADa)" title="Partíu Social Demócrata (Rumanía) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Partíu Social Demócrata (Rumanía)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB-%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Сацыял-дэмакратычная партыя (Румынія) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сацыял-дэмакратычная партыя (Румынія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB-%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Сацыял-дэмакратычная партыя (Румынія) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сацыял-дэмакратычная партыя (Румынія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Социалдемократическа партия (Румъния) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Социалдемократическа партия (Румъния)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partit_Socialdem%C3%B2crata_(Romania)" title="Partit Socialdemòcrata (Romania) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partit Socialdemòcrata (Romania)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A1ln%C4%9B_demokratick%C3%A1_strana_(Rumunsko)" title="Sociálně demokratická strana (Rumunsko) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sociálně demokratická strana (Rumunsko)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialdemokratiske_parti_(Rum%C3%A6nien)" title="Socialdemokratiske parti (Rumænien) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Socialdemokratiske parti (Rumænien)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidul_Social_Democrat" title="Partidul Social Democrat – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Partidul Social Democrat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Socialdem%C3%B3crata_(Rumania)" title="Partido Socialdemócrata (Rumania) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido Socialdemócrata (Rumania)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partio_de_Socialdemokratismo_(Rumanio)" title="Partio de Socialdemokratismo (Rumanio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Partio de Socialdemokratismo (Rumanio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_social-d%C3%A9mocrate_(Roumanie)" title="Parti social-démocrate (Roumanie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parti social-démocrate (Roumanie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EB%8B%B9_(%EB%A3%A8%EB%A7%88%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84)" title="사회민주당 (루마니아) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사회민주당 (루마니아)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidul_Social_Democrat" title="Partidul Social Democrat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Partidul Social Democrat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_Social_Democratico_(Romania)" title="Partito Social Democratico (Romania) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito Social Democratico (Romania)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA_(%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94)" title="המפלגה הסוציאל-דמוקרטית (רומניה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המפלגה הסוציאל-דמוקרטית (רומניה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" 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data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumunijos_socialdemokrat%C5%B3_partija" title="Rumunijos socialdemokratų partija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rumunijos socialdemokratų partija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szoci%C3%A1ldemokrata_P%C3%A1rt_(Rom%C3%A1nia)" title="Szociáldemokrata Párt (Románia) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szociáldemokrata Párt (Románia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89" title="الحزب الديموقراطى الاجتماعى الرومانى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الحزب الديموقراطى الاجتماعى الرومانى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociaaldemocratische_Partij_(Roemeni%C3%AB)" title="Sociaaldemocratische Partij (Roemenië) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sociaaldemocratische Partij (Roemenië)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A_(%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2)" title="社会民主党 (ルーマニア) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="社会民主党 (ルーマニア)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidul_Social_Democrat" title="Partidul Social Democrat – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Partidul Social Democrat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partia_Socjaldemokratyczna_(Rumunia)" title="Partia Socjaldemokratyczna (Rumunia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Partia Socjaldemokratyczna (Rumunia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Social-Democrata_(Rom%C3%A9nia)" title="Partido Social-Democrata (Roménia) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partido Social-Democrata (Roménia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidul_Social_Democrat_(Rom%C3%A2nia)" title="Partidul Social Democrat (România) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Partidul Social Democrat (România)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a 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for this location"><span class="latitude">44°27′40.46″N</span> <span class="longitude">26°4′52.85″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.4612389°N 26.0813472°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.4612389; 26.0813472</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Romanian political party</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidul_Social_Democrat_(Rom%C3%A2nia)" class="extiw" title="ro:Partidul Social Democrat (România)">the corresponding article</a> in Romanian</b>.  <i><small>(January 2022)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPartidul_Social_Democrat_(Rom%C3%A2nia)&sl=ro&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en">View</a> a machine-translated version of the Romanian article.</li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for 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padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #ED2128; border-bottom:2px solid #ED2128; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Social Democratic Party</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname" lang="ro">Partidul Social Democrat</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Partidul_Social_Democrat_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Partidul_Social_Democrat_logo.svg/180px-Partidul_Social_Democrat_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Partidul_Social_Democrat_logo.svg/270px-Partidul_Social_Democrat_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Partidul_Social_Democrat_logo.svg/360px-Partidul_Social_Democrat_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="376" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">PSD</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">President</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Negrescu" title="Victor Negrescu">Victor Negrescu</a> (acting)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="nowrap">Secretary-General</span></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Paul_St%C4%83nescu" title="Paul Stănescu">Paul Stănescu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">First Vice Presidents</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Firea" title="Gabriela Firea">Gabriela Firea</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sorin_Grindeanu" title="Sorin Grindeanu">Sorin Grindeanu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Honorary President</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Leader in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Roma%C8%99canu" title="Lucian Romașcanu">Lucian Romașcanu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Leader in the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Chamber of Deputies</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Simonis" title="Alfred Simonis">Alfred Simonis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Leader in the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Tudose" title="Mihai Tudose">Mihai Tudose</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><b>FDSN:</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Ion Iliescu </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vasile_V%C4%83caru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vasile Văcaru (page does not exist)">Vasile Văcaru</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_Solcanu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion Solcanu (page does not exist)">Ion Solcanu</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Oliviu_Gherman" title="Oliviu Gherman">Oliviu Gherman</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diodor_Nicoar%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diodor Nicoară (page does not exist)">Diodor Nicoară</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gheorghe_Dumitra%C8%99cu_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gheorghe Dumitrașcu (politician) (page does not exist)">Gheorghe Dumitrașcu</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_T%C4%83tar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion Tătar (page does not exist)">Ion Tătar</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emanuil_Cernescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emanuil Cernescu (page does not exist)">Emanuil Cernescu</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_Neagu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion Neagu (page does not exist)">Ion Neagu</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gheorghe_Damian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gheorghe Damian (page does not exist)">Gheorghe Damian</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vasile_Sec%C4%83re%C8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vasile Secăreș (page does not exist)">Vasile Secăreș</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Pasti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir Pasti (page does not exist)">Vladimir Pasti</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petre_Ninosu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petre Ninosu (page does not exist)">Petre Ninosu</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexandru_Albu_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexandru Albu (politician) (page does not exist)">Alexandru Albu</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petre_%C5%A2urlea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petre Ţurlea (page does not exist)">Petre Ţurlea</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98erban_Nicolae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Șerban Nicolae (page does not exist)">Șerban Nicolae</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li></ul> </div> <b>PSD:</b><br />Adrian Năstase<br /><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Athanasiu" title="Alexandru Athanasiu">Alexandru Athanasiu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">10 July 1993<span class="noprint">; 31 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1993-07-10</span>)</span> (as PDSR) <br /> 16 June 2001<span class="noprint">; 23 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2001-06-16</span>)</span> (Current form)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Merger of</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Salvation_Front" title="Democratic National Salvation Front">Democratic National Salvation Front</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Romania,_1990)" title="Republican Party (Romania, 1990)">Republican Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Socialist_Democratic_Party" title="Romanian Socialist Democratic Party">Romanian Socialist Democratic Party</a></li><li>Cooperative Party</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/%C8%98oseaua_Kiseleff" title="Șoseaua Kiseleff">Șoseaua Kiseleff</a> 10, <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Student_wing" title="Student wing">Student wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=League_of_Social_Democratic_Students&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="League of Social Democratic Students (page does not exist)">League of Social Democratic Students</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Youth_(Romania)" title="Social Democratic Youth (Romania)">Social Democratic Youth</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_wing" title="Women's wing">Women's wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">OFSD</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2015)</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">530,000<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (September 2023)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a><sup id="cite_ref-Nordsieck_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nordsieck-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DUV_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DUV-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-national_populist_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-national_populist-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">Left-wing populism</a><sup id="cite_ref-national_populist_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-national_populist-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Krökel_2017_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krökel_2017-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DUV1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DUV1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">Social conservatism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Carmen_Paun_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carmen_Paun-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-openDemocracy_2016_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-openDemocracy_2016-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dąborowski_2016_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dąborowski_2016-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_left" title="Christian left">Christian left</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_patriotism" title="Economic patriotism">Economic patriotism</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Centre-left_politics" title="Centre-left politics">Centre-left</a> to <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">left-wing</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">National affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Red_Quadrilateral" title="Red Quadrilateral">Red Quadrilateral</a><br />(1992–1996)<br /><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Pole_of_Romania" title="Social Democratic Pole of Romania">Social Democratic Pole of Romania</a> (2000–2004)<br /><a href="/wiki/National_Union_PSD%2BPUR" title="National Union PSD+PUR">National Union PSD+PUR</a> (2004–2005)<br /><a href="/wiki/Alliance_PSD%2BPC" title="Alliance PSD+PC">Alliance PSD+PC</a> (2008–2009)<br /><a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">Social Liberal Union</a><br />(2011–2014)<br /><a href="/wiki/Centre_Left_Alliance" title="Centre Left Alliance">Centre Left Alliance</a><br />(2012–2014)<br /><a href="/wiki/PSD%E2%80%93UNPR%E2%80%93ALDE_Alliance" title="PSD–UNPR–ALDE Alliance">Social Democratic Union</a> (2014–2019)<br /><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Romania" title="National Coalition for Romania">National Coalition for Romania</a> (2021–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">European Parliament group</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">International affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance" title="Progressive Alliance">Progressive Alliance</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Socialist_International" title="Socialist International">Socialist International</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ED2128; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Red_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red (politics)">Red</a><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> </span> White</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">49 / 136</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 36%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Chamber of Deputies</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">104 / 330</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 32%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 33</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Mayors</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1,362 / 3,176</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 43%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-2020_local_election_results_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020_local_election_results-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Romania" title="Counties of Romania">County</a> Presidents</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">25 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 61%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-2024_local_election_results_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2024_local_election_results-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Romania" title="Counties of Romania">County</a> Councilors</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">362 / 1,340</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-2020_local_election_results_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020_local_election_results-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Local Council Councilors</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">13,820 / 39,900</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 35%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-2020_local_election_results_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020_local_election_results-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Romania" title="Government of Romania">Ministers</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div><sup id="cite_ref-2020_Romanian_parliamentary_election_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020_Romanian_parliamentary_election-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Party flag</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_%28Romania%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_%28Romania%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_%28Romania%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_%28Romania%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_%28Romania%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_%28Romania%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://psd.ro">psd<wbr />.ro</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #ED2128;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Romania" title="Politics of Romania">Politics of Romania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Romania" title="List of political parties in Romania">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Romania" title="Elections in Romania">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Social Democratic Party</b> (<a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>: <i lang="ro">Partidul Social Democrat</i>, <b>PSD</b>) is the largest political party in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>. It is also the largest <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democratic</a><sup id="cite_ref-Almeida_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Almeida-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Romania" title="List of political parties in Romania">political party</a> in the country. It was founded by <a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>'s first democratically elected president at the <a href="/wiki/1990_Romanian_general_election" title="1990 Romanian general election">1990 Romanian general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hogea_16–30_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hogea_16–30-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wilson_Center_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson_Center-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RFERL_2008_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RFERL_2008-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is currently part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Romania" title="National Coalition for Romania">National Coalition for Romania</a> (CNR), which is a <a href="/wiki/Big_tent" title="Big tent">big tent</a> <a href="/wiki/Grand_coalition" title="Grand coalition">grand coalition</a> comprising also the National Liberal Party (PNL). The CNR formerly included the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania</a> (UDMR/RMDSZ) until mid June 2023. </p><p>It is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance" title="Progressive Alliance">Progressive Alliance</a> (PA), which was founded in 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_International" title="Socialist International">Socialist International</a> (SI),<sup id="cite_ref-SI_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a> (PES).<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2015, the PSD had 530,000 members.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (September 2023)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>PSD traces its origins to the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Salvation_Front" title="Democratic National Salvation Front">Democratic National Salvation Front</a> (FDSN), a leftist breakaway group established in 1992 from the center-left <a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Romania)" title="National Salvation Front (Romania)">National Salvation Front</a> (FSN) established after 1989. In 1993, this merged with three other parties to become the <b>Party of Social Democracy in Romania</b> (<a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>: <i lang="ro">Partidul Democrației Sociale in România</i>, <b>PDSR</b>), also translated as the <b>Social Democracy Party of Romania</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The present name was adopted after a merger with the smaller <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Social_Democratic_Party_(1990%E2%80%932001)" title="Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)">Romanian Social Democratic Party</a> (PSDR) in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since its formation, it has always been one of the two dominant parties of the country. The PDSR governed Romania from 1992 to 1996, while the PSDR was a junior coalition partner between 1996 and 2000. The merged PSD was the senior party in the coalitions governing from 2000 to 2004, and from March 2014 to November 2015, as well as one of the main coalition partners between December 2008 and October 2009 (with the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)">Democratic Liberal Party</a>, PDL) and again between May 2012 and March 2014 (as part of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">Social Liberal Union</a>, USL). PSD left government after former prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a> resigned in November 2015, only for PSD to return as the senior governing party in January 2017, shortly after it achieved a major victory in the <a href="/wiki/2016_Romanian_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Romanian legislative election">2016 Romanian legislative election</a>. The party remained in power at governmental level until 2019, before being voted down in the parliament and then endorsing a PNL minority government between 2019 and 2020. Subsequently, it entered opposition between 2020 and 2021, before eventually returning to government within the CNR coalition in late 2021. </p><p>Party founder <a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a> is the only PSD candidate to become <a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President of Romania</a>, he served in office from the 1989 to 1996, and again from 2000 to 2004. </p><p>Currently, PSD is the largest party in the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Parliament of Romania</a> with initially 47 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate of Romania</a> and 110 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Chamber of Deputies</a> (as obtained at the <a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Romanian legislative election">2020 Romanian legislative election</a>), it also has the largest number of mayors, as well as the second largest number of local and county councillors and county presidents (after PNL), remaining the biggest and most influential political force in the country to the present day.<sup id="cite_ref-Necsutu_2020_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Necsutu_2020-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Necsutu_2021_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Necsutu_2021-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the 27–29 May 1992 Convention of the <a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Romania)" title="National Salvation Front (Romania)">National Salvation Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>: <i lang="ro">Frontul Salvării Naționale</i>, FSN) when <a href="/wiki/Petre_Roman" title="Petre Roman">Petre Roman</a> became President of the Party, former Party Leader <a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a> and his group of supporters withdraw from FSN and founded the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Salvation_Front" title="Democratic National Salvation Front">Democratic National Salvation Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>: <i lang="ro">Frontul Democrat al Salvării Naționale</i>, FDSN) while the rest of FSN was renamed as the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Romania)" title="Democratic Party (Romania)">Democratic Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>: Partidul Democrat) in May 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During its first National Conference on the 28th of June 1992, FDSN decided on endorsing Ion Iliescu in the <a href="/wiki/1992_Romanian_general_election" title="1992 Romanian general election">1992 Romanian general election</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which they later won and went on to govern Romania until 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 July 1993, it took the name of Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR) upon merger with the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Socialist_Democratic_Party" title="Romanian Socialist Democratic Party">Socialist Democratic Party of Romania</a>, the Republican Party, and the Cooperative Party.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Party_of_Social_Democracy_in_Romania_logo.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2d/Party_of_Social_Democracy_in_Romania_logo.gif/220px-Party_of_Social_Democracy_in_Romania_logo.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2d/Party_of_Social_Democracy_in_Romania_logo.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption>The logo of the Party of Social Democracy in Romania</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1992 to 1996, the PDSR ruled in coalition with the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_National_Unity_Party" title="Romanian National Unity Party">Romanian National Unity Party</a> (PUNR) and <a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania_Party" title="Greater Romania Party">Greater Romania Party</a> (PRM), and the left-wing <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Labour" title="Socialist Party of Labour">Socialist Party of Labour</a> (PSM), nicknemed by the Press as the <a href="/wiki/Red_Quadrilateral" title="Red Quadrilateral">Red Quadrilateral</a>. The PUNR had ministers in the cabinet chaired by <a href="/wiki/Nicolae_V%C4%83c%C4%83roiu" title="Nicolae Văcăroiu">Nicolae Văcăroiu</a> from March 1992 to September 1996. The PRM was not present at the cabinet-level but was given some posts in the state administration but which it retracted when it left the coalition in 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PDSR went into opposition after the <a href="/wiki/1996_Romanian_general_election" title="1996 Romanian general election">1996 Romanian general election</a>, which was won by the right-wing coalition <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Democratic_Convention" title="Romanian Democratic Convention">Romanian Democratic Convention</a> (CDR).<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After four years of governmental turmoil and economic downfall, poorly managed by the crumbling CDR, saw PDSR making a fulminant comeback, winning the <a href="/wiki/2000_Romanian_general_election" title="2000 Romanian general election">2000 Romanian general election</a>, this time in a coalition named the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Pole_of_Romania" title="Social Democratic Pole of Romania">Social Democratic Pole of Romania</a> (PDSR) along with the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Social_Democratic_Party_(1990%E2%80%932001)" title="Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)">Romanian Social Democratic Party</a> (PSDR, who was part of the government from 1996 to 2000, as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Union_(Romania)" title="Social Democratic Union (Romania)">Social Democratic Union</a>, now led by <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Athanasiu" title="Alexandru Athanasiu">Alexandru Athanasiu</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">Romanian Humanist Party</a> (PUR). The PSDR merged with PDSR on 16 June 2001, and the resulting party took the PSD name, with PDSR/PSD leader <a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a> becoming prime minister. The center-left <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Romania)" title="Democratic Party (Romania)">Democratic Party</a> (PD) was also invited by both Athanasiu and Năstase to join the new PSD, but PD president <a href="/wiki/Traian_B%C4%83sescu" title="Traian Băsescu">Traian Băsescu</a> refused to take part in the merger.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A controversial figure due to the corruption scandals in which he and his party were involved, Năstase is still regarded by both admirers and rivals (including his archrival <a href="/wiki/Traian_B%C4%83sescu" title="Traian Băsescu">Traian Băsescu</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as the best and most efficient Romanian post-communist Prime Minister, being praised for his efforts of Euro-Atlantic integration of Romania and for the stabilization and modernization of the Romanian economy.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2001-2006_PSD_Logo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2d/2001-2006_PSD_Logo.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a><figcaption>The former blue and white PSD logo, used between 2001 and 2006</figcaption></figure> <p>In November 2004, <a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a>, the PSD candidate and incumbent <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Prime Minister of Romania</a>, won the first round of the presidential elections but did not have a majority and had to go to a second round of voting, which he narrowly lost to <a href="/wiki/Traian_B%C4%83sescu" title="Traian Băsescu">Traian Băsescu</a> of the opposition <a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Truth_Alliance" title="Justice and Truth Alliance">Justice and Truth Alliance</a> (DA), who became Romania's 4th president. In the <a href="/wiki/2004_Romanian_general_election" title="2004 Romanian general election">2004 Romanian general election</a>, the PSD gained the largest share of the vote but because it did not have a majority, the other parties that managed to enter parliament, UDMR/RMDSZ and PUR, abandoned their respective pre-electoral agreements with the PSD and joined the Justice and Truth Alliance (DA), mainly at the pressure of Băsescu. <a href="/wiki/Mircea_Geoan%C4%83" title="Mircea Geoană">Mircea Geoană</a> was elected president of the party in April 2005 by delegates at a PSD Party Congress held in Bucharest. His victory represented a surprise defeat for Iliescu, who was expected to defeat Geoană with ease. On 17 April 2008, the PSD and the PC announced they would form a political alliance for the <a href="/wiki/2008_Romanian_local_elections" title="2008 Romanian local elections">2008 Romanian local elections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-setimes.com_2008_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-setimes.com_2008-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2010, the Congress elected <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a> as president after Geoană lost the <a href="/wiki/2009_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2009 Romanian presidential election">2009 Romanian presidential election</a>. On 5 February 2011, the PSD formed a <a href="/wiki/Political_alliance" class="mw-redirect" title="Political alliance">political alliance</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">Social Liberal Union</a> (USL) with the PC and the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">National Liberal Party</a> (PNL).<sup id="cite_ref-CRIENGLISH_2011_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRIENGLISH_2011-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The USL was disbanded on 25 February 2014 with exit of the PNL, which entered the opposition.<sup id="cite_ref-Author_2014_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Author_2014-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2015, <a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a> was elected by the Congress of the PSD as the new president of the party, with 97% of the votes from the members. He was elected as leader after the former prime minister <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a> stepped down on 12 July 2015 following charges of corruption that were later dropped. On 12 April 2019, the PSD was suspended from the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a> (PES) following concerns about judicial reforms of the <a href="/wiki/D%C4%83ncil%C4%83_Cabinet" title="Dăncilă Cabinet">Dăncilă Cabinet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Romania_Insider_2019_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Romania_Insider_2019-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2019, after <a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a>'s jailing, <a href="/wiki/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83" title="Viorica Dăncilă">Viorica Dăncilă</a> was elected by the Congress of the PSD as the new president of the party. </p><p>After being ousted from power in October 2019, the PSD also lost the <a href="/wiki/2019_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2019 Romanian presidential election">2019 Romanian presidential election</a>. Such decline sent shockwase across the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU), especially the PES, as it resulted in their loss of power within <a href="/wiki/Von_der_Leyen_Commission" title="Von der Leyen Commission">von der Leyen Commission</a>. Nonetheless, Daniel Hegedüs posited that this could be a win for both the PES and the wider European left, as the PES would regain credibility because "mounting authoritarianism in Hungary and Poland has suffered under the burden of PSD's rule-of-law record". In addition, Hegedüs noted the fact that this could represent another chance for the PSD to reform itself and change its ways.<sup id="cite_ref-Hegedüs_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hegedüs-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2020, <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a> became president of the party (after having previously served for this position only as <i>ad interim</i> between November 2019 and August 2020).<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the same month, the PSD was willing to vote a <a href="/wiki/Motion_of_no_confidence" title="Motion of no confidence">motion of no confidence</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Second_Orban_Cabinet" title="Second Orban Cabinet">second Orban cabinet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Necsutu_2020_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Necsutu_2020-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after December 2020, while still the largest party in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Romanian legislative election">2020 Romanian legislative election</a>, the PSD suffered significant political capital losses (as they previously did in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020 Romanian local elections</a> as well) given the chaotic and negative governmental activity the party was responsible for during the former legislature (more specifically during the years 2017 and 2019), yet remained the biggest <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_opposition" title="Parliamentary opposition">parliamentary opposition</a> well up until the end of 2021. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/2021_Romanian_political_crisis" title="2021 Romanian political crisis">2021 Romanian political crisis</a>, the PSD was again willing to have such a vote, this time against the <a href="/wiki/C%C3%AE%C8%9Bu_Cabinet" title="Cîțu Cabinet">Cîțu Cabinet</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which it subsequently did,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thereby contributing to its final dismissal.<sup id="cite_ref-Necsutu_2021_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Necsutu_2021-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2021, successful negotiations with the PNL led the PSD closer to returning government in the incumbent <a href="/wiki/Ciuc%C4%83_Cabinet" title="Ciucă Cabinet">Ciucă Cabinet</a> within a <a href="/wiki/Grand_coalition" title="Grand coalition">grand coalition</a> government known as the <i><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Romania" title="National Coalition for Romania">National Coalition for Romania</a></i> (or <i>CNR</i> for short).<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PSD is still governing Romania as of early 2022, albeit with major tensions in the said grand coalition. The coalition has been described as <a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_conservatism" title="Authoritarian conservatism">authoritarian conservative</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Authoritarian_conservative_1_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Authoritarian_conservative_1-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Authoritarian_conservative_2_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Authoritarian_conservative_2-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2022, the PSD agreed with the Moldovan <a href="/wiki/European_Social_Democratic_Party" title="European Social Democratic Party">European Social Democratic Party</a> (PSDE) to begin a strategic partnership.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Predecessors_and_successors">Predecessors and successors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Predecessors and successors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PSD_(Romania)_Diagram.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/PSD_%28Romania%29_Diagram.png/350px-PSD_%28Romania%29_Diagram.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/PSD_%28Romania%29_Diagram.png/525px-PSD_%28Romania%29_Diagram.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/PSD_%28Romania%29_Diagram.png 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="466" /></a><figcaption>Flowchart denoting the political evolution of PSD, from its origins in the FSN in 1990 until the year 2010, with political groups which were both integrated and seceded from the party throughout the passing of time.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_splits">Party splits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Party splits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Romania" title="Alliance for Romania">Alliance for Romania</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_for_the_Progress_of_Romania" title="National Union for the Progress of Romania">National Union for the Progress of Romania</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Social_Party" title="Romanian Social Party">Romanian Social Party</a> (2015), Succeeded by Prahova in Action Party (2020), then by <a href="/wiki/Romania_in_Action_Party" title="Romania in Action Party">Romania in Action Party</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Romania_Party" title="United Romania Party">United Romania Party</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRO_Romania" title="PRO Romania">PRO Romania</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Nationhood_Party" title="Romanian Nationhood Party">Romanian Nationhood Party</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Homeland" title="Alliance for the Homeland">Alliance for the Homeland</a> (2023)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Absorbed_parties">Absorbed parties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Absorbed parties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Romania,_1990)" title="Republican Party (Romania, 1990)">Republican Party</a> (1993)<sup>1</sup></li> <li>Cooperative Party (1993)<sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Socialist_Democratic_Party" title="Romanian Socialist Democratic Party">Romanian Socialist Democratic Party</a> (1993)<sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Social_Democratic_Party_(1990%E2%80%932001)" title="Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)">Romanian Social Democratic Party</a> (2001)<sup>2</sup></li> <li>Alliance for Romania (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Labour" title="Socialist Party of Labour">Socialist Party of Labour</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partidul_Socialist_al_Rena%C8%99terii_Na%C8%9Bionale" class="extiw" title="ro:Partidul Socialist al Renașterii Naționale">Socialist Party of the National Renaissance</a> (2003)</li> <li>Romanian Social Party (2018)</li> <li>United Romania Party (2019)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <p><sup>1</sup> After the merger, the party changed its name from the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Salvation_Front" title="Democratic National Salvation Front">Democratic National Salvation Front</a> (FDSN) to the Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR). </p><p><sup>2</sup> After the merger, the party changed its name from the Party of Social Democracy in Romania (PDSR) to the Social Democratic Party (PSD). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideology_and_platform">Ideology and platform</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ideology and platform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like its counterpart national-level members of the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a> (PES), the PSD has a <a href="/wiki/Centre-left_politics" title="Centre-left politics">centre-left</a> outlook and has been described as governing as centre-left,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but has also been described as pragmatic,<sup id="cite_ref-Carmen_Paun_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carmen_Paun-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> owing to its <a href="/wiki/Syncretic_politics" title="Syncretic politics">syncretic politics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Carmen_Paun_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carmen_Paun-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DUV_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DUV-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PSD was formed as a result of the merger of the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Social_Democratic_Party_(1990%E2%80%932001)" title="Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)">Romanian Social Democratic Party</a> (PSDR), which had an internationalist social-democratic ideology, with the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Social_Democracy_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Party of Social Democracy in Romania">Party of Social Democracy in Romania</a> (PDSR), whose governance was marked by a combination of <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democracy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">democratic socialism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">labourism</a>, pragmatism, <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">left-wing populism</a>, and nationalism.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2003 absorption of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Labour" title="Socialist Party of Labour">Socialist Party of Labour</a> (PSM) and the Socialist Party of the National Renaissance (PSRN) led to the strengthening of the <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">left-wing nationalism</a> component within the party.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until 2021<sup id="cite_ref-Gurzu_2019_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gurzu_2019-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Europe_Elects_2018_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Europe_Elects_2018-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2018_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2018-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Europa_Nu_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Europa_Nu-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unlike the majority of Western European PES party members and as other like-minded centre-left, social democratic parties in Central and Eastern European <a href="/wiki/Post-communism" title="Post-communism">post-Communism</a>, it has taken a more <a href="/wiki/Soft_Eurosceptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft Eurosceptic">soft Eurosceptic</a><sup id="cite_ref-Gurzu_2019_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gurzu_2019-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> outlook,<sup id="cite_ref-The_New_York_Times_2018_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_New_York_Times_2018-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Europa_Nu_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Europa_Nu-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Digi24_2019_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digi24_2019-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though it is neutral in regards to <a href="/wiki/European_integration" title="European integration">European integration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Europe_Elects_2021_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Europe_Elects_2021-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PSD stated that it endorses EU and NATO membership.<sup id="cite_ref-inpolitics.ro_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inpolitics.ro-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party is more conservative than PES when it comes to social issues,<sup id="cite_ref-Dąborowski_2016_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dąborowski_2016-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reflecting the country's social-conservative outlook,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including in its <a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">centre-right</a> counterpart, the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">National Liberal Party</a> (PNL).<sup id="cite_ref-openDemocracy_2016_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-openDemocracy_2016-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been described as a <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">left-wing nationalist</a><sup id="cite_ref-DUV_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DUV-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-national_populist_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-national_populist-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_populism" title="Left-wing populism">left-wing populist</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bossart_Bossart_2018_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bossart_Bossart_2018-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Krökel_2017_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Krökel_2017-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DUV1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DUV1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> social democratic party.<sup id="cite_ref-openDemocracy_2016_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-openDemocracy_2016-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Melenciuc_2018_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Melenciuc_2018-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party has been described as having <a href="/wiki/Centre-left_politics" title="Centre-left politics">centre-left</a> rhetoric and economic policies, while being more conservative on personal and ethical matters. According to Florin Poenaru, "the movement led by Ion Iliescu was from the very beginning the party of local capitalists and not of the industrial proletariat. ... PSD was the party that aggregated the interests of the autochthonous capitalists, but whose electoral basis was the former industrial proletariat."<sup id="cite_ref-Poenaru_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poenaru-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poenaru states that PSD never said no to the <a href="/wiki/Neoliberalism" title="Neoliberalism">neoliberal</a> agenda but applied it rather slowly.<sup id="cite_ref-Poenaru_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poenaru-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Ple%C8%99u" title="Andrei Pleșu">Andrei Pleșu</a> once stated that the main <a href="/wiki/Post-communism" title="Post-communism">post-Communist</a> Romanian parties do not act according to some ideology or doctrine.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Political analyst Radu Magdin said that the PSD is "a catch-all party: its values are conservative, its economic policy is liberal and it has a social, left-leaning rhetoric when it comes to public policies." An example is their calls for both tax cuts and pensions and wages increase in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-Carmen_Paun_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carmen_Paun-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its more conservative outlook is owed to the social-conservative nature of <a href="/wiki/Post-Communism" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-Communism">post-Communist</a> countries, and has been adopted by both the centre-left (PSD) and the <a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">centre-right</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For Cornel Ban, Assistant Professor of International Relations at the Pardee School of Boston University, the PSD is an anomaly in Eastern Europe in that it was an ideal playground for <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">right-wing populist</a> parties but has seen the <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">political left</a> routinely win; this was in part because the <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">political right</a> and <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a> were in government, including at the local level, during the post-Communist slumps which remained in the mind of many voters.<sup id="cite_ref-openDemocracy_2016_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-openDemocracy_2016-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Journalist Jean-Baptiste Chastand said that the PSD-led <a href="/wiki/Pro-Europeanism" title="Pro-Europeanism">pro-European</a> government in Romania took a <a href="/wiki/National_conservatism" title="National conservatism">national conservative</a> turn.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The historian <a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioan_Stanomir" class="extiw" title="ro:Ioan Stanomir">Ioan Stanomir</a> stated that PSD is a conservative party, that has nothing to do with the left,<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while journalist Bogdan Tiberiu Iacob described the party as <a href="/wiki/Progressive_conservatism" title="Progressive conservatism">progressive-conservative</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-inpolitics.ro_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inpolitics.ro-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PSD also <a href="/wiki/Anti-immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-immigration">opposed</a> the mandatory <a href="/wiki/European_refugee_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="European refugee crisis">refugee quotas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Journalist Daniel Mihăilescu labeled the party as <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">national populist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a> stated that, unlike most European Social-democratic parties, PSD is against <a href="/wiki/Social_progressivism" class="mw-redirect" title="Social progressivism">social progressivism</a> and is strongly conservative.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Journalist and philosipher <a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrei_Cornea" class="extiw" title="ro:Andrei Cornea">Andrei Cornea</a> also stated that PSD is not a social-democratic party, but a patrimonial-conservative one, structured around vassalism and clientelism, whose essential electoral pool is formed by a poor, ignorant and especially devoid of civic conscience.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PSD has also <a href="/wiki/Ethno-nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethno-nationalist">ethno-nationalist</a> factions.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Dragnea's leadership, PSD has been described as <a href="/wiki/National_populism" class="mw-redirect" title="National populism">national populist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sovereigntism" title="Sovereigntism">sovereigntist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_PopuList&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The PopuList (page does not exist)">The PopuList</a> labeled PSD under <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a> as <a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism" title="Ultranationalism">ultranationalist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In regards to <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Romania">LGBT rights</a>, in general, PSD opposes the <a href="/wiki/Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_Romania" title="Recognition of same-sex unions in Romania">recognition of same-sex marriages and civil partnerships</a>. However, in 2018, then PSD president <a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a> hinted that PSD could support the recognition the <a href="/wiki/Civil_partnership" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil partnership">civil partnership</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, in January 2001, it was the PSD-dominated <a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a>'s government that adopted the Emergency Ordinance no. 89/2001,<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which eliminated Art. 200 of the Penal Code and adjusted other articles referring to sex offences to avoid discriminatory treatment of offenders, thus legalising same-sex relations.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This ordinance came into force in January 2002, after President <a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a> (the founder of PSD) signed the new law.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the current president of the Social Democrats, <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a>, is a strong opponent to the recognition of same-sex marriage and the civil partnership.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party has strong connections with the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Orthodox_Church" title="Romanian Orthodox Church">Romanian Orthodox Church</a> (BOR), reflecting the party's <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">social conservatism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President">President</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: President"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The president of the party conducts the general activity of the party, the activity of the National Executive Committee and the National Permanent Bureau and responds to the Congress on the general work of the PSD. The president is elected by secret vote by the Congress for a four-year mandate and represents the party in the Romanian society, in relations with the central and local public authorities, as well as with other parties or organizations in the country or abroad. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honorary_President">Honorary President</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Honorary President"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PSD Honorary President is nominated by Congress for the four-year mandate of the party's recognized personalities. The Honorary President of the PSD participates with the right to vote in the work of the national governing bodies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secretary-General">Secretary-General</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Secretary-General"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Secretary-General manages the functional services at the central level and the relationship with the county and Bucharest organizations. It coordinates the Executive Secretariat of the PSD with 7 to 9 executive secretaries. Executive secretaries shall be appointed by the National Executive Committee, on a proposal from the chair, after consulting the Secretary-General. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Permanent_National_Bureau">Permanent National Bureau</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Permanent National Bureau"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Permanent National Bureau is the operative body for analyzing and deciding the party. It has the following composition: PSD President, PSD Honorary President, PSD Secretary General, PSD Deputy Chairpersons. At the National Permanent Bureau, the chairman of the National Council, the leaders of the parliamentary groups, the presidents of women and youth organizations, the treasurer, the director of the Social Democratic Institute, the representative of the county administrative council presidents, the mayors of municipalities and the representative of the National League of Mayors and PSD Councilors participate. The National Permanent Bureau meets weekly, usually Monday. </p><p>The Permanent National Bureau have the following duties: </p> <ul><li>To organize and direct the entire activity of the party according to the decisions adopted as appropriate by the Congress, the National Council, and the National Executive Committee.</li> <li>Drafts draft decisions that it submits to the debate and adoption of the National Executive Committee.</li> <li>Orientates the work of parliamentary groups.</li> <li>Establishes and coordinates working committees on doctrine, electoral programs, and strategies.</li> <li>Establishes and co-ordinates political analysis groups of the economic, social, domestic and international situation.</li> <li>Manages the party's patrimony.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Executive_Committee">National Executive Committee</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: National Executive Committee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coordinates the entire activity of the party between the meetings of the National Council. The PSD National Executive Committee analyzes, debates and decides on the fundamental issues of the Party's work on: the program, the electoral strategy, the political and electoral alliances, the governing program, the structure and the nominal composition of the Government, the validation of the party's preliminary election for the nomination of candidates for senators, MEPs, MEPs, and elected local, merging by absorption or merging with other parties; PSD collaboration agreements with trade unions and employers' confederations; the strategy of selecting, preparing, training and promoting the party's human resources, organizing and conducting internal party choices, coordinating the activities of the Youth Organization and the Women's Organization. </p><p>The adopted decisions are validated by the National Council. The National Executive Committee consists of PSD President, PSD Honorary President, PSD Secretary General, PSD Vice Presidents, President of the National Council, Presidents of County Organizations, Sectors and the Bucharest Municipality Organization, the president of the Women's Organization and the president of the Youth Organization. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Council">National Council</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: National Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adrian_Nastase_la_Consiliul_National_al_PSD_(10776937183).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Adrian_Nastase_la_Consiliul_National_al_PSD_%2810776937183%29.jpg/200px-Adrian_Nastase_la_Consiliul_National_al_PSD_%2810776937183%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Adrian_Nastase_la_Consiliul_National_al_PSD_%2810776937183%29.jpg/300px-Adrian_Nastase_la_Consiliul_National_al_PSD_%2810776937183%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Adrian_Nastase_la_Consiliul_National_al_PSD_%2810776937183%29.jpg/400px-Adrian_Nastase_la_Consiliul_National_al_PSD_%2810776937183%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4198" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a> during a meeting of the National Council in November 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>The National Council is the governing body of the party in the interval between two congresses. It consists of a maximum of 751 members elected from the candidates nominated by the County and Bucharest Conferences, or proposed by the Congress. The National Council elects and revokes by secret vote the president of the National Council and the treasurer, validates the composition of the National Executive Committee and The Permanent National Bureau; decides to conclude political alliances as well as merge by merging or absorbing with other political parties or political parties; to hear the activity reports submitted by members of the Permanent National Bureau, by the Chairman of the Commission for Arbitration and Moral Integrity, by the president of the National Commission for Financial Control and Treasurer and decides accordingly on the basis of the mandate given by the Congress, according to the provisions of the Statute; is responsible for organizing presidential, parliamentary, euro-parliamentary and local electoral campaigns; analyzes the work of parliamentary groups, women's and youth organizations, the National League of Mayors and PSD Councilors; validates the decisions of the National Executive Committee on the Governance Program and confirms the proposals of members of the Government; resolve the appeals lodged against the decisions of the councils of the county organizations or of the Bucharest municipality; resolves the divergences between the Councils of the County Organizations, respectively the Bucharest Municipality Organization and the National Executive Committee in connection with the nomination of the candidates for the legislative elections, if they persist; approves the party's annual revenue and expenditure budget, decides on its execution. </p><p>The PSD National Council meets annually and whenever needed. Deputies, senators and MEPs who are not members of the National Council participate in its meetings without the right to vote. The National Council may decide, on a proposal from the Permanent National Bureau, to organize forums, leagues, associations, clubs and other such bodies for the promotion of strategies in the PSD Political Program, in the Romanian society and in partnership with the trade unions. The party-union relationship as well as the concrete ways of collaboration will be established by the National Permanent Bureau. Within the PSD there are: the National Workers' Forum; National Farmers Forum; National Ecologists' Forum; The National Forum of Scientists, Culture and Art and the Pensioners' League. In order to develop PSD programs and strategies in the field of party life, consultative councils can be set up on: political analysis, image and relations with the media; organization and human resources. The Consultative Council for the Problems of National Minorities of the PSD carries out activities to identify the specific problems faced by national minorities in Romania and develops appropriate solutions and proposals for their resolution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Congress">Congress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The supreme governing party of the Social Democratic Party is the Congress, which is convened every four years or in extraordinary cases. The PSD Congress is made up of elected delegates by secret ballot by the County Conferences and the Bucharest Municipality and has the following attributions: adopting or modifying the PSD Statute and the Political Program of the Party; sets out the party's guidelines, strategy and tactics for the period between two congresses; elects the party chairman, the vice-presidents, the general secretary, the other members of the National Council, the National Commission for Arbitration and Moral Integrity and the National Commission for Financial Control; appoints the PSD candidate to the position of President of Romania and the prime minister in the event of winning the elections; resolves possible appeals against decisions of other PSD central bodies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Party_leadership">Party leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Party leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid silver;background-color:red; color:black;"> </span> Also served as <a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President of Romania</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid silver;background-color:#FA8072; color:black;"> </span> Also served as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Prime Minister</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid silver;background-color:#FF6347; color:black;"> </span> Also served as <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Chamber</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Romania" title="President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania">President</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid silver;background-color:#F08080; color:black;"> </span> Also served as <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Romania" title="President of the Senate of Romania">President</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#ccc;">Nº </th> <th style="background:#ccc;">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Birth–Death</span> </th> <th style="background:#ccc;">Portrait </th> <th style="background:#ccc;">Term start </th> <th style="background:#ccc;">Term end </th> <th style="background:#ccc;">Duration </th></tr> <tr style="background:red"> <th>1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1930–)</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ion_Iliescu_(2004).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg/60px-Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg/90px-Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg/120px-Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="846" /></a></span> </td> <td>7 April 1992 </td> <td>11 October 1992 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">6 months and 4 days</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#F08080"> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Oliviu_Gherman" title="Oliviu Gherman">Oliviu Gherman</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1930–2020)</span> </td> <td> </td> <td>11 October 1992 </td> <td>January 1997 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 4 years and 2 months </td></tr> <tr style="background:red"> <th>(1) </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1930–)</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ion_Iliescu_(2004).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg/60px-Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg/90px-Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg/120px-Ion_Iliescu_%282004%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="846" /></a></span> </td> <td>January 1997 </td> <td>20 December 2000 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 4 years </td></tr> <tr style="background:#FA8072"> <th>3 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a><sup>1</sup><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1950– )</span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Adrian_N%C4%83stase3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Adrian_N%C4%83stase3.jpg/60px-Adrian_N%C4%83stase3.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Adrian_N%C4%83stase3.jpg/90px-Adrian_N%C4%83stase3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Adrian_N%C4%83stase3.jpg/120px-Adrian_N%C4%83stase3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td>20 December 2000 </td> <td>21 January 2005 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">4 years, 1 month and 1 day</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#F08080"> <th>4 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mircea_Geoan%C4%83" title="Mircea Geoană">Mircea Geoană</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1958– </span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mircea_Geoana_la_reuniunea_BPN_-_02.12.2013_(11173070964)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mircea_Geoana_la_reuniunea_BPN_-_02.12.2013_%2811173070964%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/60px-Mircea_Geoana_la_reuniunea_BPN_-_02.12.2013_%2811173070964%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mircea_Geoana_la_reuniunea_BPN_-_02.12.2013_%2811173070964%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Mircea_Geoana_la_reuniunea_BPN_-_02.12.2013_%2811173070964%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Mircea_Geoana_la_reuniunea_BPN_-_02.12.2013_%2811173070964%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Mircea_Geoana_la_reuniunea_BPN_-_02.12.2013_%2811173070964%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1086" data-file-height="1629" /></a></span> </td> <td>2005 </td> <td>2010 </td> <td><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 5 years </td></tr> <tr style="background:#FA8072"> <th>5 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1972– </span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victor_Ponta_debate_November_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Victor_Ponta_debate_November_2014.jpg/60px-Victor_Ponta_debate_November_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Victor_Ponta_debate_November_2014.jpg/90px-Victor_Ponta_debate_November_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Victor_Ponta_debate_November_2014.jpg/120px-Victor_Ponta_debate_November_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1362" data-file-height="1815" /></a></span> </td> <td>21 February 2010 </td> <td>12 July 2015 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">5 years, 4 months and 21 days</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>— </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Rovana_Plumb" title="Rovana Plumb">Rovana Plumb</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>(<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>)</i></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1960– </span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitingul_Electoral_al_Aliantei_PSD-UNPR-PC,_Galati_-_10.05_(14)_(14278213368).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Mitingul_Electoral_al_Aliantei_PSD-UNPR-PC%2C_Galati_-_10.05_%2814%29_%2814278213368%29.jpg/60px-Mitingul_Electoral_al_Aliantei_PSD-UNPR-PC%2C_Galati_-_10.05_%2814%29_%2814278213368%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Mitingul_Electoral_al_Aliantei_PSD-UNPR-PC%2C_Galati_-_10.05_%2814%29_%2814278213368%29.jpg/90px-Mitingul_Electoral_al_Aliantei_PSD-UNPR-PC%2C_Galati_-_10.05_%2814%29_%2814278213368%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Mitingul_Electoral_al_Aliantei_PSD-UNPR-PC%2C_Galati_-_10.05_%2814%29_%2814278213368%29.jpg/120px-Mitingul_Electoral_al_Aliantei_PSD-UNPR-PC%2C_Galati_-_10.05_%2814%29_%2814278213368%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2761" data-file-height="3717" /></a></span> </td> <td>24 June 2015 </td> <td>22 July 2015 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">28 days</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#FF6347"> <th>— </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>(<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>)</i></span><br /><small>(1962– )</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_(3)_(15621867427)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/60px-Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="643" data-file-height="811" /></a></span> </td> <td>22 July 2015 </td> <td>12 October 2015 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">2 months and 20 days</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#FF6347"> <th>6 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a> <br /><small>(1962– )</small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_(3)_(15621867427)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/60px-Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Victor_Ponta_la_semnarea_declaratiei_politice_privind_infiintarea_USL_2.0_-_14.11_%283%29_%2815621867427%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="643" data-file-height="811" /></a></span> </td> <td>12 October 2015 </td> <td>27 May 2019 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">3 years, 7 months and 15 days</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#FA8072"> <th>7 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83" title="Viorica Dăncilă">Viorica Dăncilă</a> <br /><small>(1963– </small> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83_June_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83_June_2019.jpg/60px-Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83_June_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83_June_2019.jpg/90px-Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83_June_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83_June_2019.jpg/120px-Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83_June_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="928" data-file-height="1263" /></a></span> </td> <td>27 May 2019 </td> <td>26 November 2019 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">5 months and 30 days</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#FF6347"> <th>— </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>(<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>)</i></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1967– </span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marcel_Ciolacu.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Marcel_Ciolacu.png/60px-Marcel_Ciolacu.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Marcel_Ciolacu.png/90px-Marcel_Ciolacu.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Marcel_Ciolacu.png/120px-Marcel_Ciolacu.png 2x" data-file-width="315" data-file-height="419" /></a></span> </td> <td>26 November 2019 </td> <td>22 August 2020 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">8 months and 27 days</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#FF6347"> <th>8 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a> <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1967– </span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marcel_Ciolacu.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Marcel_Ciolacu.png/60px-Marcel_Ciolacu.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Marcel_Ciolacu.png/90px-Marcel_Ciolacu.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Marcel_Ciolacu.png/120px-Marcel_Ciolacu.png 2x" data-file-width="315" data-file-height="419" /></a></span> </td> <td>22 August 2020 </td> <td>25 November 2024 </td> <td><span class="nowrap">4 years, 3 months and 3 days</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>— </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Victor_Negrescu" title="Victor Negrescu">Victor Negrescu</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>(<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>)</i></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(1985– </span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1649591689427_20200203_NEGRESCU_Victor_RO_009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/1649591689427_20200203_NEGRESCU_Victor_RO_009.jpg/60px-1649591689427_20200203_NEGRESCU_Victor_RO_009.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/1649591689427_20200203_NEGRESCU_Victor_RO_009.jpg/90px-1649591689427_20200203_NEGRESCU_Victor_RO_009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/1649591689427_20200203_NEGRESCU_Victor_RO_009.jpg/120px-1649591689427_20200203_NEGRESCU_Victor_RO_009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3818" data-file-height="5551" /></a></span> </td> <td>25 November 2024 </td> <td><i>Incumbent</i> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">7 days</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <p><sup>1</sup> Năstase served twice as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Romania" title="President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania">Chamber President</a>, the first term from March 1992 to May 1996, while the second from December 2004 to March 2006. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidents">Presidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oliviu_Gherman" title="Oliviu Gherman">Oliviu Gherman</a>: 1992–1996 (FDSN/PDSR);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a>: 1992, 1997–2000 (PDSR);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a>: 2000–2005 (<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>/ad interim until 2001) (PDSR/PSD);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mircea_Geoan%C4%83" title="Mircea Geoană">Mircea Geoană</a>: 2005–2010 (PSD);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a>: 2010–2015 (PSD);</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rovana_Plumb" title="Rovana Plumb">Rovana Plumb</a></i>: 2015 (<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>/ad interim) (PSD);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a>: 2015–2019 (PSD);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83" title="Viorica Dăncilă">Viorica Dăncilă</a>: 2019 (PSD);</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a></i>: 2019–present (<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>/ad interim until 2020) (PSD).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Executive_presidents">Executive presidents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Executive presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a>: 1993–1997;</li> <li><i>position abolished</i> 1997–2003;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octav_Cozm%C3%A2nc%C4%83" title="Octav Cozmâncă">Octav Cozmâncă</a>: 2003–2005;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a>: 2005–2006;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dan_Mircea_Popescu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dan Mircea Popescu (page does not exist)">Dan Mircea Popescu</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Mircea_Popescu" class="extiw" title="ro:Dan Mircea Popescu">ro</a>]</span>: 2005–2006, when the office was dissolved (nominated <a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>/ad interim after the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a> from the office);</li> <li><i>position abolished</i> 2006–2013;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a>: 2013–2015;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valeriu_Zgonea" title="Valeriu Zgonea">Valeriu Zgonea</a>: 2015–2016;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niculae_B%C4%83d%C4%83l%C4%83u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niculae Bădălău (page does not exist)">Niculae Bădălău</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niculae_B%C4%83d%C4%83l%C4%83u" class="extiw" title="ro:Niculae Bădălău">ro</a>]</span>: 2016–2018;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83" title="Viorica Dăncilă">Viorica Dăncilă</a>: 2018–2019;</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paul_St%C4%83nescu" title="Paul Stănescu">Paul Stănescu</a></i>: 2019 (<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>/ad interim);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Teodorovici" title="Eugen Teodorovici">Eugen Teodorovici</a>: 2019;</li> <li><i>position abolished</i>: 2019–present.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_members">Notable members</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notable members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_notable_members">Current notable members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Current notable members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a>, founder of the party the party FDSN which then became PDSR and ultimately as PSD, former president of Romania, and Honorary President of PSD;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_V%C4%83c%C4%83roiu" title="Nicolae Văcăroiu">Nicolae Văcăroiu</a>, former prime minister of Romania;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Athanasiu" title="Alexandru Athanasiu">Alexandru Athanasiu</a>, former acting prime minister;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viorel_Hrebenciuc" title="Viorel Hrebenciuc">Viorel Hrebenciuc</a>, former deputy;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Bejinariu" title="Eugen Bejinariu">Eugen Bejinariu</a>, former acting prime minister;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilie_S%C3%A2rbu" title="Ilie Sârbu">Ilie Sârbu</a>, former president of the Senate;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_St%C4%83nescu" title="Paul Stănescu">Paul Stănescu</a>, former deputy prime minister as well as Minister of Regional Development;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecaterina_Andronescu" title="Ecaterina Andronescu">Ecaterina Andronescu</a>, former Minister of Education;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a>, current president of the party since 2019 onwards;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Firea" title="Gabriela Firea">Gabriela Firea</a>, former mayor of Bucharest;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus_Corl%C4%83%C8%9Bean" title="Titus Corlățean">Titus Corlățean</a>, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Justice;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rovana_Plumb" title="Rovana Plumb">Rovana Plumb</a>, MEP, Minister of Environment, Minister of Labour;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Tudose" title="Mihai Tudose">Mihai Tudose</a>, former prime minister of Romania;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorin_Grindeanu" title="Sorin Grindeanu">Sorin Grindeanu</a>, former prime minister of Romania;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Fifor" title="Mihai Fifor">Mihai Fifor</a>, former acting prime minister of Romania;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Nica" title="Dan Nica">Dan Nica</a>, former deputy and current MEP;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lia_Olgu%C8%9Ba_Vasilescu" title="Lia Olguța Vasilescu">Lia Olguța Vasilescu</a>, Mayor of Craiova, Minister of Labour;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Rafila" title="Alexandru Rafila">Alexandru Rafila</a>, current Health Minister.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_notable_members">Former notable members</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Former notable members"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Oprea" title="Gabriel Oprea">Gabriel Oprea</a>, former army general (now general in army reserves), former Minister of National Defence, former deputy prime minister of Romania, former Minister of Internal Affairs, former acting prime minister of Romania;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corina_Cre%C8%9Bu" title="Corina Crețu">Corina Crețu</a>, former <a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Cohesion_and_Reforms" title="European Commissioner for Cohesion and Reforms">European Commissioner for Cohesion and Reforms</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83" title="Viorica Dăncilă">Viorica Dăncilă</a>, former president of the party, former prime minister of Romania;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a>, former president of the party, former prime minister of Romania as well as former Minister of Foreign Affairs;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilie_N%C4%83stase" title="Ilie Năstase">Ilie Năstase</a>, former <a href="/wiki/List_of_ATP_number_1_ranked_players" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ATP number 1 ranked players">No. 1</a> <a href="/wiki/Tennis_player" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennis player">tennis player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teodor_Mele%C8%99canu" title="Teodor Meleșcanu">Teodor Meleșcanu</a>, former Minister of Defence, former acting Minister of Justice, former Director of the Foreign Intelligence; Service (SRI), former Minister of Foreign Affairs three times, former president of the Senate;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Negoi%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Robert Negoiță">Robert Negoiță</a>, former mayor of the <a href="/wiki/Sector_3_(Bucharest)" title="Sector 3 (Bucharest)">3rd Sector</a> of Bucharest;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mircea_Geoan%C4%83" title="Mircea Geoană">Mircea Geoană</a>, former president of the party, former president of the Senate as well as former Minister of Foreign Affairs;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorin_Oprescu" title="Sorin Oprescu">Sorin Oprescu</a>, former mayor of Bucharest;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Vanghelie" title="Marian Vanghelie">Marian Vanghelie</a>, former mayor of the <a href="/wiki/Sector_5_(Bucharest)" title="Sector 5 (Bucharest)">5th Sector</a> of Bucharest;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radu_Maz%C4%83re" title="Radu Mazăre">Radu Mazăre</a>, former mayor of Constanța;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a>, former president of the party as well as former prime minister of Romania;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valeriu_Zgonea" title="Valeriu Zgonea">Valeriu Zgonea</a>, former president of the Chamber of Deputies;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a>, former president of the party as well as former president of the Chamber of Deputies;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliviu_Gherman" title="Oliviu Gherman">Oliviu Gherman</a>, former president of the party as well as former president of the Chamber of Deputies;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C8%98erban_Valeca" title="Șerban Valeca">Șerban Valeca</a>, acting president of the Senate;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_Puwak" title="Hildegard Puwak">Hildegard Puwak</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_European_Integration_(Romania)" title="Ministry of European Integration (Romania)">Minister for European Integration</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Iorgovan" title="Antonie Iorgovan">Antonie Iorgovan</a>, lead author of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Romania" title="Constitution of Romania">1991 Romanian Constitution</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Ghi%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Sebastian Ghiță">Sebastian Ghiță</a>, former member of the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Chamber of Deputies</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristian_Diaconescu" title="Cristian Diaconescu">Cristian Diaconescu</a>, former State Secretary at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, former Minister of Justice, former Minister of Foreign Affairs twice.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_results">Election results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Election results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_elections">Legislative elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Legislative elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Year </th> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Romania)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Romania)">Chamber</a> </th> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Position </th> <th rowspan="2">Aftermath </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1992_Romanian_general_election" title="1992 Romanian general election">1992</a> </th> <td>3,015,708 </td> <td>27.72 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">117 / 341</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 34%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>3,102,201 </td> <td>28.29 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">49 / 143</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 34%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(as <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Salvation_Front" title="Democratic National Salvation Front">FDSN</a>) </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PDSR-<a href="/wiki/Romanian_National_Unity_Party" title="Romanian National Unity Party">PUNR</a>-<a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania_Party" title="Greater Romania Party">PRM</a>-<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Labour" title="Socialist Party of Labour">PSM</a> government (1992–1996) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1996_Romanian_general_election" title="1996 Romanian general election">1996</a> </th> <td>2,633,860 </td> <td>21.52 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">91 / 343</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,836,011 </td> <td>23.08 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">41 / 143</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 29%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span><br />(as PDSR) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition to <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Democratic_Convention" title="Romanian Democratic Convention">CDR</a>-<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Union_(Romania)" title="Social Democratic Union (Romania)">USD</a>-<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">UDMR</a> government (1996–2000) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_Romanian_general_election" title="2000 Romanian general election">2000</a> </th> <td><i>3,968,464</i> </td> <td><i>36.61</i> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">139 / 345</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 40%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><i>4,040,212</i> </td> <td><i>37.09</i> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">59 / 140</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 42%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(within <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Pole_of_Romania" title="Social Democratic Pole of Romania">PDSR</a>)<sup>1</sup> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Pole_of_Romania" title="Social Democratic Pole of Romania">PDSR</a> minority government (2000–2004) </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2004_Romanian_general_election" title="2004 Romanian general election">2004</a> </th> <td rowspan="2"><i>3,730,352</i> </td> <td rowspan="2"><i>36.61</i> </td> <td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">113 / 332</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 34%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="2"><i>3,798,607</i> </td> <td rowspan="2"><i>36.30</i> </td> <td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">46 / 137</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 34%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="2;" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(within <a href="/wiki/National_Union_PSD%2BPUR" title="National Union PSD+PUR">PSD+PUR</a>)<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition to <a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Truth_Alliance" title="Justice and Truth Alliance">DA</a>-<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PUR</a><sup>3</sup>-<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">UDMR</a> government (2004–2007) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Endorsing <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a>-<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">UDMR</a> minority government (2007–2008) </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/2008_Romanian_parliamentary_election" title="2008 Romanian parliamentary election">2008</a> </th> <td rowspan="3"><i>2,279,449</i> </td> <td rowspan="3"><i>33.10</i> </td> <td rowspan="3"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">110 / 334</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="3"><i>2,352,968</i> </td> <td rowspan="3"><i>34.16</i> </td> <td rowspan="3"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">48 / 137</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 35%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="3;" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span><br />(within <a href="/wiki/Alliance_PSD%2BPC" title="Alliance PSD+PC">PSD+PC</a>)<sup>4</sup> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)">PDL</a>-PSD government (2008–2009) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition to <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)">PDL</a>-<a href="/wiki/National_Union_for_the_Progress_of_Romania" title="National Union for the Progress of Romania">UNPR</a>-<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">UDMR</a> government (2009–2012) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">USL</a> government (2012) </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/2012_Romanian_parliamentary_election" title="2012 Romanian parliamentary election">2012</a> </th> <td rowspan="4"><i>4,344,288</i> </td> <td rowspan="4"><i>58.63</i> </td> <td rowspan="4"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">149 / 412</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 36%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="4"><i>4,457,526</i> </td> <td rowspan="4"><i>60.10</i> </td> <td rowspan="4"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">58 / 176</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="4;" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(within <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">USL</a>)<sup>5</sup> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">USL</a> government (2012–2014) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD-<a href="/wiki/National_Union_for_the_Progress_of_Romania" title="National Union for the Progress of Romania">UNPR</a>-<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">UDMR</a>-<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PC</a> government (2014) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD-<a href="/wiki/National_Union_for_the_Progress_of_Romania" title="National Union for the Progress of Romania">UNPR</a>-<a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_(Romania)" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)">ALDE</a> government (2014–2015) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Endorsing the <a href="/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">technocratic</a> <a href="/wiki/Ciolo%C8%99_Cabinet" title="Cioloș Cabinet">Cioloș Cabinet</a> (2015–2017) </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/2016_Romanian_parliamentary_election" title="2016 Romanian parliamentary election">2016</a> </th> <td rowspan="4">3,204,864 </td> <td rowspan="4">45.48 </td> <td rowspan="4"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">154 / 329</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="4">3,221,786 </td> <td rowspan="4">45.68 </td> <td rowspan="4"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">67 / 136</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 49%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="4;" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD-<a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_(Romania)" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)">ALDE</a> government (2017–2019) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD minority government (2019) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Endorsing <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a> minority government (2019–2020) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition to <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a> minority government (2020) </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Romanian parliamentary election">2020</a> </th> <td rowspan="3">1,705,777 </td> <td rowspan="3">28.90 </td> <td rowspan="3"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">110 / 330</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="3">1,732,276 </td> <td rowspan="3">29.32 </td> <td rowspan="3"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">47 / 136</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 35%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="3;" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition to <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a>-<a href="/wiki/USR_PLUS" title="USR PLUS">USR PLUS</a>-<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">UDMR</a> government (2020–2021) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition to <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a>-<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">UDMR</a> minority government (2021) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Romania" title="National Coalition for Romania">CNR</a> government (2021–present) </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Romanian_parliamentary_election" title="2024 Romanian parliamentary election">2024</a> </th> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <th>TBD </th></tr> </tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <p><sup>1</sup><small><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Pole_of_Romania" title="Social Democratic Pole of Romania">Social Democratic Pole of Romania</a> members: PDSR, <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Social_Democratic_Party_(1990%E2%80%932001)" title="Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)">PSDR</a> (2 senators and 10 deputies), and <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PUR</a> (4 senators and 6 deputies).</small><br /> <sup>2</sup><small><a href="/wiki/National_Union_PSD%2BPUR" title="National Union PSD+PUR">National Union PSD+PUR</a> members: PSD and <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PUR</a> (11 senators and 19 deputies).</small><br /> <sup>3</sup><small>Soon after the elections, <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PUR</a> broke the alliance with the PSD and switched sides, joining the government led by the <a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Truth_Alliance" title="Justice and Truth Alliance">Justice and Truth Alliance</a> (DA).</small><br /> <sup>4</sup><small><a href="/wiki/Alliance_PSD%2BPC" title="Alliance PSD+PC">Alliance PSD+PC</a> members: PSD and <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PC</a> (1 senator and 4 deputies).</small><br /> <sup>5</sup><small>The <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">Social Liberal Union</a> (USL) was an alliance consisting of two smaller alliances, more specifically the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Left_Alliance" title="Centre Left Alliance">Centre Left Alliance</a> (ACS) and the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Right_Alliance" title="Centre Right Alliance">Centre Right Alliance</a> (ACD). The members of the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Left_Alliance" title="Centre Left Alliance">Centre Left Alliance</a> (ACS) were the PSD and the <a href="/wiki/National_Union_for_the_Progress_of_Romania" title="National Union for the Progress of Romania">UNPR</a> (5 senators and 10 deputies) whereas the members of the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Right_Alliance" title="Centre Right Alliance">Centre Right Alliance</a> (ACD) were the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a> (50 senators and 100 deputies) and the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PC</a> (8 senators and 13 deputies).</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_elections">Local elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Local elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Year </th> <th colspan="3">County councilors </th> <th colspan="3">Mayors </th> <th colspan="3">Local councilors </th> <th rowspan="2">Popular vote </th> <th rowspan="2">% </th> <th rowspan="2">Position </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1996_Romanian_local_elections" title="1996 Romanian local elections">1996</a> </th> <td>1,390,225 </td> <td>16.28 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">290 / 1,718</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 17%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,713,095 </td> <td>26.28 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">928 / 2,954</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 31%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>1,716,899 </td> <td>18.82 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9,483 / 33,429</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_Romanian_local_elections" title="2000 Romanian local elections">2000</a> </th> <td>2,241,930 </td> <td>27.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">496 / 1,718</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 29%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,416,598 </td> <td>27.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1,050 / 2,954</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 36%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,197,719 </td> <td>25.8 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11,380 / 39,718</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 29%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_Romanian_local_elections" title="2004 Romanian local elections">2004</a> </th> <td>2,957,617 </td> <td>32.70 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">543 / 1,436</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 38%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>3,908,895 </td> <td>41.83 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1,702 / 3,137</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,951,226 </td> <td>31.88 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14,990 / 40,031</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 37%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2008_Romanian_local_elections" title="2008 Romanian local elections">2008</a> </th> <td>2,337,102 </td> <td>27.97 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">452 / 1,393</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 32%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,717,490 </td> <td>30.77 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1,138 / 3,179</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 36%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,268,271 </td> <td>26.67 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12,137 / 40,297</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 30%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2012_Romanian_local_elections" title="2012 Romanian local elections">2012</a> </th> <td><i>4,203,007</i> </td> <td><i>49.68</i> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">723 / 1,338</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><i>2,782,792</i> </td> <td><i>33.99</i> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1,292 / 3,121</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 41%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><i>2,630,123</i> </td> <td><i>32.74</i> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12,668 / 39,121</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 32%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(as <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">USL</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2016_Romanian_local_elections" title="2016 Romanian local elections">2016</a> </th> <td>3,270,909 </td> <td>39.60 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">638 / 1,434</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 44%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>3,330,213 </td> <td>38.98 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1,708 / 3,186</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>3,161,046 </td> <td>37.70 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">16,969 / 40,067</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 42%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td>1,605,721 </td> <td>22.32 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">362 / 1,340</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,262,791 </td> <td>30.34 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1,362 / 3,176</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 43%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>2,090,777 </td> <td>28.40 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">13,820 / 39,900</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 35%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Romanian_local_elections" title="2024 Romanian local elections">2024</a> </th> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <td>TBD </td> <th>TBD </th> <th>TBD </th> <th style="text-align: center;">TBD </th></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Year </th> <th colspan="3">County presidents </th> <th rowspan="2">Position </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1992_Romanian_local_elections" title="1992 Romanian local elections">1992</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">30 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 73%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(as <a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Romania)" title="National Salvation Front (Romania)">FSN</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1996_Romanian_local_elections" title="1996 Romanian local elections">1996</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 41%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_Romanian_local_elections" title="2000 Romanian local elections">2000</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">29 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 71%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_Romanian_local_elections" title="2004 Romanian local elections">2004</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">19 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 46%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2008_Romanian_local_elections" title="2008 Romanian local elections">2008</a> </th> <td>2,234,465 </td> <td>28.06 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 41%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2012_Romanian_local_elections" title="2012 Romanian local elections">2012</a> </th> <td><i>4,260,709</i> </td> <td><i>49.71</i> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">22 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 54%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(within <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">USL</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2016_Romanian_local_elections" title="2016 Romanian local elections">2016</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">28 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 68%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td>1,663,399 </td> <td>22.86 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">20 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 49%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Romanian_local_elections" title="2024 Romanian local elections">2024</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">25 / 41</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 61%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <th style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="County_council_elections">County council elections</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: County council elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th>County </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Councillors </th> <th>+/- </th> <th>Aftermath </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Alba_County" title="Alba County">Alba</a> </td> <td>16.61% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 19%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Arad_County" title="Arad County">Arad</a> </td> <td>9.89% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 8 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Arge%C8%99_County" title="Argeș County">Argeș</a> </td> <td>44.78% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD minority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bac%C4%83u_County" title="Bacău County">Bacău</a> </td> <td>42.25% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihor_County" title="Bihor County">Bihor</a> </td> <td>15.54% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 18%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bistri%C8%9Ba-N%C4%83s%C4%83ud_County" title="Bistrița-Năsăud County">Bistrița-Năsăud</a> </td> <td>40.62% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD-<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Movement_Party" title="People's Movement Party">PMP</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Boto%C8%99ani_County" title="Botoșani County">Botoșani</a> </td> <td>40.13% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">15 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%83ila_County" title="Brăila County">Brăila</a> </td> <td>47.97% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 57%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD majority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bra%C8%99ov_County" title="Brașov County">Brașov</a> </td> <td>19.35% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">8 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 24%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> </td> <td>32.38% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">21 / 55</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 38%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Buz%C4%83u_County" title="Buzău County">Buzău</a> </td> <td>57.68% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">21 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 66%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD majority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99i_County" title="Călărași County">Călărași</a> </td> <td>45.09% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">15 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD minority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Cara%C8%99-Severin_County" title="Caraș-Severin County">Caraș-Severin</a> </td> <td>27.51% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD-<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Movement_Party" title="People's Movement Party">PMP</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Cluj_County" title="Cluj County">Cluj</a> </td> <td>13.32% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 14%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Constan%C8%9Ba_County" title="Constanța County">Constanța</a> </td> <td>23.01% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Covasna_County" title="Covasna County">Covasna</a> </td> <td>5.73% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A2mbovi%C8%9Ba_County" title="Dâmbovița County">Dâmbovița</a> </td> <td>43.66% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD majority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Dolj_County" title="Dolj County">Dolj</a> </td> <td>39.66% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">16 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 44%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 9 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD-<a href="/wiki/PRO_Romania" title="PRO Romania">PRO</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Party_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecologist Party of Romania">PER</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Gala%C8%9Bi_County" title="Galați County">Galați</a> </td> <td>39.73% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD majority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Giurgiu_County" title="Giurgiu County">Giurgiu</a> </td> <td>33.20% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 40%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 8 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Gorj_County" title="Gorj County">Gorj</a> </td> <td>42.95% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">16 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD majority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Harghita_County" title="Harghita County">Harghita</a> </td> <td>7.76% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Hunedoara_County" title="Hunedoara County">Hunedoara</a> </td> <td>43.80% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">17 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 53%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD majority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ialomi%C8%9Ba_County" title="Ialomița County">Ialomița</a> </td> <td>37.27% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD-<a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i_County" title="Iași County">Iași</a> </td> <td>24.49% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilfov_County" title="Ilfov County">Ilfov</a> </td> <td>12.81% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 16%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Maramure%C8%99_County" title="Maramureș County">Maramureș</a> </td> <td>25.14% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 29%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 9 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mehedin%C8%9Bi_County" title="Mehedinți County">Mehedinți</a> </td> <td>45.58% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">15 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD majority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mure%C8%99_County" title="Mureș County">Mureș</a> </td> <td>17.87% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">7 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 21%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Neam%C8%9B_County" title="Neamț County">Neamț</a> </td> <td>35.76% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">13 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 38%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Olt_County" title="Olt County">Olt</a> </td> <td>54.44% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">21 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 66%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD majority </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Prahova_County" title="Prahova County">Prahova</a> </td> <td>31.59% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 31%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C4%83laj_County" title="Sălaj County">Sălaj</a> </td> <td>27.89% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Satu_Mare_County" title="Satu Mare County">Satu Mare</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">14.00% </td> <td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 16%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><a href="/wiki/UDMR" class="mw-redirect" title="UDMR">UDMR</a>-PSD-<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Movement_Party" title="People's Movement Party">PMP</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Sibiu_County" title="Sibiu County">Sibiu</a> </td> <td>13.90% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 16%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Suceava_County" title="Suceava County">Suceava</a> </td> <td>30.47% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">13 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 36%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Teleorman_County" title="Teleorman County">Teleorman</a> </td> <td>39.37% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">15 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Timi%C8%99_County" title="Timiș County">Timiș</a> </td> <td>15.02% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">7 / 36</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 19%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 9 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Tulcea_County" title="Tulcea County">Tulcea</a> </td> <td>34.35% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 30</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 40%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A2lcea_County" title="Vâlcea County">Vâlcea</a> </td> <td>41.69% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">16 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD-<a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Party_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecologist Party of Romania">PER</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Vaslui_County" title="Vaslui County">Vaslui</a> </td> <td>39.11% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">14 / 34</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 41%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Vrancea_County" title="Vrancea County">Vrancea</a> </td> <td>41.91% </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">15 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #FF3300; width: 47%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">PSD </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mayor_of_Bucharest_elections">Mayor of Bucharest elections</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Mayor of Bucharest elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="75%"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Year </th> <th rowspan="2">Candidate </th> <th colspan="3">First round </th> <th colspan="3">Second round </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Position </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Position </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/1996_Romanian_local_elections" title="1996 Romanian local elections">1996</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Ilie_N%C4%83stase" title="Ilie Năstase">Ilie Năstase</a></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238854847">.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar{position:relative;border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#fff;width:100px;max-width:100%;height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar-fill{position:absolute;background-color:#dbdbdb;height:1.5em;width:50%}.mw-parser-output .percentage-bar-text{position:absolute;width:100%;height:1.5em;text-align:center;color:#000}</style><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 30%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">30.38%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span></td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 43%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">43.26%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_Romanian_local_elections" title="2000 Romanian local elections">2000</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Sorin_Oprescu" title="Sorin Oprescu">Sorin Oprescu</a></td> <td>260,689</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 41%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">41.16%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td>353,038</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 49%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">49.31%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_Romanian_local_elections" title="2004 Romanian local elections">2004</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Mircea_Geoan%C4%83" title="Mircea Geoană">Mircea Geoană</a></td> <td>225,774</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 29%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">29.74%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span></td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey" colspan="3">— </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2008_Romanian_local_elections" title="2008 Romanian local elections">2008</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Cristian_Diaconescu" title="Cristian Diaconescu">Cristian Diaconescu</a></td> <td>67,251</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 12%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">12.33%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#CD7F32; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 3rd </span></td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey" colspan="3">not qualified </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2012_Romanian_local_elections" title="2012 Romanian local elections">2012</a> </th> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><b><a href="/wiki/Sorin_Oprescu" title="Sorin Oprescu">Sorin Oprescu</a><sup>1</sup></b></td> <td>430,512</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 53%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">53.79%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey" colspan="3">— </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2016_Romanian_local_elections" title="2016 Romanian local elections">2016</a> </th> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><b><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Firea" title="Gabriela Firea">Gabriela Firea</a></b></td> <td>246,553</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 42%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">42.97%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey" colspan="3">single-round elections </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_Romanian_local_elections" title="2020 Romanian local elections">2020</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Firea" title="Gabriela Firea">Gabriela Firea</a></td> <td>250,690</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 37%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">37.97%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span></td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey" colspan="3">single-round elections </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Romanian_local_elections" title="2024 Romanian local elections">2024</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Firea" title="Gabriela Firea">Gabriela Firea</a></td> <td>163,147</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:#ED2128; width: 22%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">22.34%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span></td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey" colspan="3">single-round elections </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Note</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <p><sup>1</sup><small><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent candidate</a> endorsed by the <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">USL</a></small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_elections">Presidential elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Presidential elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Year </th> <th rowspan="2">Candidate </th> <th colspan="3">First round </th> <th colspan="3">Second round </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Position </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Percentage </th> <th>Position </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/1990_Romanian_general_election" title="1990 Romanian general election">1990</a> </th> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><b><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a></b></td> <td>12,232,498</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 85%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">85.0%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey" colspan="3">— </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/1992_Romanian_general_election" title="1992 Romanian general election">1992</a> </th> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><b><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a></b></td> <td>5,633,465</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 47%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">47.5%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td>7,393,429</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 61%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">61.4%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/1996_Romanian_general_election" title="1996 Romanian general election">1996</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a></td> <td>4,081,093</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 32%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">32.3%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td>5,914,579</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 45%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">45.6%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2000_Romanian_general_election" title="2000 Romanian general election">2000</a> </th> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2"><b><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a></b></td> <td>4,076,273</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 36%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">36.4%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td>6,696,623</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 66%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">66.8%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2004_Romanian_general_election" title="2004 Romanian general election">2004</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a></td> <td>4,278,864</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 40%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">40.9%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td>4,881,520</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 48%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">48.8%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2009_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2009 Romanian presidential election">2009</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Mircea_Geoan%C4%83" title="Mircea Geoană">Mircea Geoană</a></td> <td>3,027,838</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 31%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">31.1%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span></td> <td>5,205,760</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 49%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">49.7%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2014_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2014 Romanian presidential election">2014</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a></td> <td>3,836,093</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 40%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">40.4%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span></td> <td>5,264,383</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 45%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">45.6%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2019 Romanian presidential election">2019</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83" title="Viorica Dăncilă">Viorica Dăncilă</a></td> <td>2,051,725</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 22%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">22.3%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span></td> <td>3,339,922</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 33%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">33.9%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_Romanian_presidential_election" title="2024 Romanian presidential election">2024</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2"><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a></td> <td>1,769,761</td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238854847"><div class="percentage-bar" style=""><div class="percentage-bar-fill" style="background-color:red; width: 19%;"></div><div class="percentage-bar-text" style="">19.15%</div></div></td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#CD7F32; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 3rd </span></td> <td bgcolor="lightgrey" colspan="3">not qualified </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Parliament_elections">European Parliament elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: European Parliament elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;" width="70%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Votes</th> <th>%</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">MEPs</a></th> <th>Position</th> <th><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">EU party</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Political_groups_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Political groups of the European Parliament">EP group</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_European_Parliament_for_Romania,_2007" title="List of members of the European Parliament for Romania, 2007">Jan. 2007</a> </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>34.28 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 35</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 34%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">PES</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/2007_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2007 European Parliament election in Romania">Nov. 2007</a> </th> <td>1,184,018 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>23.11 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 35</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 29%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">PES</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2009 European Parliament election in Romania">2009</a> </th> <td><i>1,504,218</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><i>31.07</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 33</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 30%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(within <a href="/wiki/Alliance_PSD%2BPC" title="Alliance PSD+PC">PSD+PC</a>)<sup>1</sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">PES</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2014 European Parliament election in Romania">2014</a> </th> <td><i>2,093,237</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><i>37.60</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 38%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span><br />(within USD)<sup>2</sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">PES</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2019 European Parliament election in Romania">2019</a> </th> <td>2,040,765 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td>22.51 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 32</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Silver; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 2nd </span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">PES</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Romania" title="2024 European Parliament election in Romania">2024</a><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td><i>4,341,686</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><i>48.55</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 33</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #ED2128; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;border:1px solid silver;"> 1st </span> <br /> (within <a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Romania" title="National Coalition for Romania">CNR</a>)<sup>3</sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">PES</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">S&D</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Notes</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <p><sup>1</sup><small><a href="/wiki/Alliance_PSD%2BPC" title="Alliance PSD+PC">Alliance PSD+PC</a> members: PSD and <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PC</a> (1 MEP).</small><br /> <sup>2</sup><small>Social Democratic Union (USD) members: PSD, <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Conservative Party (Romania)">PC</a> (2 MEPs), and <a href="/wiki/National_Union_for_the_Progress_of_Romania" title="National Union for the Progress of Romania">UNPR</a> (2 MEPs).</small><br /> <sup>3</sup><small>National Coalition for Romania members: PSD (11 MEPs) and <a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a> (8 MEPs).</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Political opponents have criticised PSD for harbouring former <a href="/wiki/Romanian_Communist_Party" title="Romanian Communist Party">Romanian Communist Party</a> (PCR) officials, and for allegedly attempting to control the Romanian <a href="/wiki/Mass_media" title="Mass media">mass media</a>. By 2009, a number of its incumbent or former senior members have also been accused of corruption, interfering in the judiciary and using their political positions for personal enrichment.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2015, founding member Ion Iliescu is facing prosecution on charges of crimes against humanity for his role in the <a href="/wiki/June_1990_Mineriad" title="June 1990 Mineriad">June 1990 Mineriad</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_News_2015_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News_2015-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while former president Liviu Dragnea was convicted for electoral fraud and for instigation to the abuse of public office and being indicted for forming an "organised criminal group" in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Economist_2018_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Economist_2018-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, former president Victor Ponta had also been investigated for corruption but was ultimately acquitted.<sup id="cite_ref-Ilie_2018_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ilie_2018-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adrian Năstase temporarily self-suspended himself from the position on 16 January 2006, pending investigation of a scandal provoked by his wealth declaration, where he was accused of corruption.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alleged text transcripts of PSD meetings surfaced on an anonymous website just before the <a href="/wiki/2004_Romanian_general_election" title="2004 Romanian general election">2004 Romanian general election</a>. Năstase and his ministers are shown talking about political involvement in corruption trials of the government's members, or involvement in suppressing "disobedient" media. Năstase stated that the transcripts were fake, but several party members, including former PSD president and former foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Mircea_Geoan%C4%83" title="Mircea Geoană">Mircea Geoană</a>, have said they are genuine, though Geoană later retracted his statement.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Security expert Iulian Fota stated that PSD is a <a href="/wiki/Eurocommunism" title="Eurocommunism">neocommunist</a> <a href="/wiki/Anti-Western_sentiment" title="Anti-Western sentiment">anti-Western</a> party backed by <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Politicians of the party have occasionally employed "utilitarian anti-Semitism", meaning that politicians who may usually not be <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemites</a> played off certain antisemitic prejudices in order to serve their political necessities.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 5 March 2012, PSD Senator <a href="/wiki/Dan_%C8%98ova" title="Dan Șova">Dan Șova</a>, at that time the party spokesman, said on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Money_Channel" title="The Money Channel">The Money Channel</a></i> that "no <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jew</a> suffered on Romanian territory, thanks to marshal <a href="/wiki/Ion_Antonescu" title="Ion Antonescu">Antonescu</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Elie_Wiesel_National_Institute_for_Studying_the_Holocaust_in_Romania" title="Elie Wiesel National Institute for Studying the Holocaust in Romania">Elie Wiesel National Institute for Studying the Holocaust in Romania</a> expressed its deep disagreement and indignation over the statements of the spokesman of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following public outcry, Șova retracted his statement and issued a public apology; nevertheless, the chairman of the party, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a>, announced his removal from the office of party spokesman.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 2017 and 2019, the party, along with its former junior coalition partners, more specifically the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_(Romania)" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats</a> (ALDE) and the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania</a> (UDMR/RMDSZ), had unsuccessfully tried to pass a series of tremendously controversial laws related to the judicial system. In a 2018 preliminary opinion, the <a href="/wiki/Venice_Commission" title="Venice Commission">Venice Commission</a> stated that the changes could severely undermine the independence of judges and prosecutors in Romania.<sup id="cite_ref-coe.int_2018_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coe.int_2018-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This unsuccessful endeavour committed by the former PSD–ALDE coalition was the basis for the nationwide <a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932019_Romanian_protests" title="2017–2019 Romanian protests">2017–2019 Romanian protests</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-auto_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the largest in the country's entire history thus far.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Romania" title="Politics of Romania">Politics of Romania</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The people who registered the party</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some argue that, in practice, the Social Democratic Party has little in common with <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democracy</a>, despite the party's official stance.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Also sometimes described as a <a href="/wiki/Catch-all_party" class="mw-redirect" title="Catch-all party">catch-all party</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1 senator from <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Humanist_Party" title="Social Liberal Humanist Party">PUSL</a> in PSD parliamentary group</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">4 deputies from <a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Humanist_Party" title="Social Liberal Humanist Party">PUSL</a> in PSD parliamentary group</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aktual24.ro/liderii-psd-au-decis-cine-va-fi-noul-presedinte-al-partidului-un-apropiat-al-lui-ciolacu-europarlamentarul-victor-negrescu/amp/">"Liderii PSD au decis cine va fi noul presedinte al partidului: Un apropiat al lui Ciolacu, europarlamentarul Victor Negrescu"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liderii+PSD+au+decis+cine+va+fi+noul+presedinte+al+partidului%3A+Un+apropiat+al+lui+Ciolacu%2C+europarlamentarul+Victor+Negrescu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aktual24.ro%2Fliderii-psd-au-decis-cine-va-fi-noul-presedinte-al-partidului-un-apropiat-al-lui-ciolacu-europarlamentarul-victor-negrescu%2Famp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" 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(August 2024)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-politic-24369258-serban-nicolae-dupa-demisionat-din-psd-candidez-pentru-nou-mandat-senator-din-partea-partidului-ecologist-roman.htm">"Șerban Nicolae, după ce a demisionat din PSD: Candidez pentru un nou mandat de senator, din partea Partidului Ecologist Român - HotNews.ro"</a>. 22 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C8%98erban+Nicolae%2C+dup%C4%83+ce+a+demisionat+din+PSD%3A+Candidez+pentru+un+nou+mandat+de+senator%2C+din+partea+Partidului+Ecologist+Rom%C3%A2n+-+HotNews.ro&rft.date=2020-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hotnews.ro%2Fstiri-politic-24369258-serban-nicolae-dupa-demisionat-din-psd-candidez-pentru-nou-mandat-senator-din-partea-partidului-ecologist-roman.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://renasterea.ro/liga-studentilor-psd-are-presedinte-din-timisoara/">"Liga Studenților PSD are președinte din Timișoara"</a>. 24 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liga+Studen%C8%9Bilor+PSD+are+pre%C8%99edinte+din+Timi%C8%99oara&rft.date=2023-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frenasterea.ro%2Fliga-studentilor-psd-are-presedinte-din-timisoara%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nordsieck-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nordsieck_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNordsieck2020" class="citation web cs1">Nordsieck, Wolfram (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/romania.html">"Parties and Elections in Europe"</a>. <i>Parties and Elections in Europe</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180214140542/http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/romania.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Wiesbaden: Deutscher UniversitätsVerlag. p. 51. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3322813206" title="Special:BookSources/978-3322813206"><bdi>978-3322813206</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=3.3+Parteien+und+politische+Entwicklung&rft.btitle=Beitrittsbarometer+Rum%C3%A4nien.+Grundprobleme+des+Landes+und+Einstellungen+rum%C3%A4nischer+Jugendlicher+auf+dem+Weg+in+die+Europ%C3%A4ische+Union&rft.place=Wiesbaden&rft.pages=51&rft.pub=Deutscher+Universit%C3%A4tsVerlag&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-3322813206&rft.aulast=Lei%C3%9Fe&rft.aufirst=Olaf&rft.au=Lei%C3%9Fe%2C+Utta-Kristin&rft.au=Richter%2C+Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtQYlBgAAQBAJ%26q%3DPSD%2Blinks-%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-national_populist-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-national_populist_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-national_populist_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-national_populist_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMihăilescu2019" class="citation web cs1">Mihăilescu, Daniel (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://diepresse.com/home/ausland/aussenpolitik/5552116/Rumaenien-startet-EURatsvorsitz-mit-neuer-Attacke-gegen-Justizsystem">"Rumänien startet EU-Ratsvorsitz mit neuer Attacke gegen Justizsystem"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Presse" title="Die Presse">Die Presse</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Publik-Forum.de&rft.atitle=Aufgefallen%3A+Der+stille+Anf%C3%BChrer&rft.date=2017-03-10&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%B6kel&rft.aufirst=Ulrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publik-forum.de%2FPublik-Forum-05-2017%2Fder-stille-anfuehrer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DUV1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DUV1_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DUV1_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeichelt2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Beichelt, Timm (2013) [2001]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-1byBQAAQBAJ&q=linkspopulistisch+rum%C3%A4nien&pg=PA299">"6.1.1 <i>Strukturelle Kontextbindungen</i>"</a>. <i>Demokratische Konsolidierung im postsozialistischen Europa: Die Rolle der politischen Institutionen</i> (in German). Springer-Verlag. p. 299. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3322813206" title="Special:BookSources/978-3322813206"><bdi>978-3322813206</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=6.1.1+Strukturelle+Kontextbindungen&rft.btitle=Demokratische+Konsolidierung+im+postsozialistischen+Europa%3A+Die+Rolle+der+politischen+Institutionen&rft.pages=299&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-3322813206&rft.aulast=Beichelt&rft.aufirst=Timm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-1byBQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dlinkspopulistisch%2Brum%25C3%25A4nien%26pg%3DPA299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carmen_Paun-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carmen_Paun_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carmen_Paun_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carmen_Paun_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carmen_Paun_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPăun2016" class="citation news cs1">Păun, Carmen (13 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/pragmatism-is-a-winner-for-romanian-left-social-democrats-psd-corruption-scandal-liviu-dragnea-victor-ponta-elections/">"Pragmatism is a winner for Romanian Left"</a>. <i>Politico</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Pragmatism+is+a+winner+for+Romanian+Left&rft.date=2016-12-13&rft.aulast=P%C4%83un&rft.aufirst=Carmen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fpragmatism-is-a-winner-for-romanian-left-social-democrats-psd-corruption-scandal-liviu-dragnea-victor-ponta-elections%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-openDemocracy_2016-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-openDemocracy_2016_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-openDemocracy_2016_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-openDemocracy_2016_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-openDemocracy_2016_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBan2016" class="citation web cs1">Ban, Cornel (12 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/can-europe-make-it/romania-social-democratic-anomaly-in-eastern-europe/">"Romania: a social democratic anomaly in eastern Europe?"</a>. <i>openDemocracy</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=openDemocracy&rft.atitle=Romania%3A+a+social+democratic+anomaly+in+eastern+Europe%3F&rft.date=2016-12-12&rft.aulast=Ban&rft.aufirst=Cornel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opendemocracy.net%2Fen%2Fcan-europe-make-it%2Fromania-social-democratic-anomaly-in-eastern-europe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dąborowski_2016-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dąborowski_2016_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dąborowski_2016_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDąborowski2016" class="citation web cs1">Dąborowski, Tomasz (14 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/analyses/2016-12-14/social-democrats-triumph-romania">"The Social Democrats' triumph in Romania"</a>. <i>OSW</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OSW&rft.atitle=The+Social+Democrats%27+triumph+in+Romania&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft.aulast=D%C4%85borowski&rft.aufirst=Tomasz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.osw.waw.pl%2Fen%2Fpublikacje%2Fanalyses%2F2016-12-14%2Fsocial-democrats-triumph-romania&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euractiv.ro/politic-intern/marcel-ciolacu-vrea-bac-la-religie-romania-una-dintre-cele-mai-sigure-si-tolerante-tari-din-lume-33159">"Marcel Ciolacu vrea Bac la Religie: România - una dintre cele mai sigure și tolerante țări din lume"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marcel+Ciolacu+vrea+Bac+la+Religie%3A+Rom%C3%A2nia+-+una+dintre+cele+mai+sigure+%C8%99i+tolerante+%C8%9B%C4%83ri+din+lume&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.ro%2Fpolitic-intern%2Fmarcel-ciolacu-vrea-bac-la-religie-romania-una-dintre-cele-mai-sigure-si-tolerante-tari-din-lume-33159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/actualitate/politica/psd-va-sustine-in-parlament-ca-religia-sa-fie-materie-la-bac-ciolacu-ce-anume-ne-deranjeaza-suntem-crestini-2286375">"PSD va susține în Parlament ca Religia să fie materie la bac. Ciolacu: Ce anume ne deranjează? Suntem creștini"</a>. 17 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PSD+va+sus%C8%9Bine+%C3%AEn+Parlament+ca+Religia+s%C4%83+fie+materie+la+bac.+Ciolacu%3A+Ce+anume+ne+deranjeaz%C4%83%3F+Suntem+cre%C8%99tini&rft.date=2023-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digi24.ro%2Fstiri%2Factualitate%2Fpolitica%2Fpsd-va-sustine-in-parlament-ca-religia-sa-fie-materie-la-bac-ciolacu-ce-anume-ne-deranjeaza-suntem-crestini-2286375&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.capital.ro/marcel-ciolacu-despre-religia-ca-materie-de-bacalaureat-suntem-crestini-ne-am-crescut-copiii-in-valorile-crestine.html">"Marcel Ciolacu, despre Religia ca materie de Bacalaureat: Suntem creştini, ne-am crescut copiii în valorile creştine"</a>. 17 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marcel+Ciolacu%2C+despre+Religia+ca+materie+de+Bacalaureat%3A+Suntem+cre%C5%9Ftini%2C+ne-am+crescut+copiii+%C3%AEn+valorile+cre%C5%9Ftine&rft.date=2023-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.capital.ro%2Fmarcel-ciolacu-despre-religia-ca-materie-de-bacalaureat-suntem-crestini-ne-am-crescut-copiii-in-valorile-crestine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/actualitate/politica/ciolacu-as-vrea-o-tendinta-mai-mare-catre-un-patriotism-economic-in-urmatorul-program-de-guvernare-2295693">"Ciolacu: Aș vrea o tendință mai mare către un patriotism economic în următorul program de guvernare"</a>. 26 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ciolacu%3A+A%C8%99+vrea+o+tendin%C8%9B%C4%83+mai+mare+c%C4%83tre+un+patriotism+economic+%C3%AEn+urm%C4%83torul+program+de+guvernare&rft.date=2023-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digi24.ro%2Fstiri%2Factualitate%2Fpolitica%2Fciolacu-as-vrea-o-tendinta-mai-mare-catre-un-patriotism-economic-in-urmatorul-program-de-guvernare-2295693&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gandul.ro/politica/marcel-ciolacu-explica-ce-este-patriotismul-economic-propus-de-psd-19949799">"Marcel Ciolacu explică ce este "patriotismul economic" propus de PSD"</a>. 27 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marcel+Ciolacu+explic%C4%83+ce+este+%22patriotismul+economic%22+propus+de+PSD&rft.date=2023-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gandul.ro%2Fpolitica%2Fmarcel-ciolacu-explica-ce-este-patriotismul-economic-propus-de-psd-19949799&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digi24&rft.atitle=Surse%3A+Ce+au+discutat+liderii+PNL+%C8%99i+PSD+%C8%99i+cum+au+ajuns+aproape+s%C4%83+bat%C4%83+palma+pentru+o+guvernare+de+7+ani&rft.date=2021-11-04&rft.aulast=Du%C8%9Bulescu&rft.aufirst=Adriana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digi24.ro%2Fstiri%2Factualitate%2Fpolitica%2Fsurse-ce-au-discutat-liderii-pnl-si-psd-si-cum-au-ajuns-aproape-sa-bata-palma-pentru-o-guvernare-de-7-ani-1724929&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Authoritarian_conservative_1-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Authoritarian_conservative_1_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fanatik.ro/pnl-si-psd-imping-romania-catre-un-regim-autoritar-amendamentul-surpriza-din-legea-anti-ong-folosit-impotriva-presei-ne-ducem-intr-o-directie-foarte-periculoasa-20316603">"PNL și PSD împing România către un regim autoritar. Amendamentul surpriză din legea anti-ONG, folosit împotriva presei. "Ne ducem într-o direcție foarte periculoasă"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 20 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PNL+%C8%99i+PSD+%C3%AEmping+Rom%C3%A2nia+c%C4%83tre+un+regim+autoritar.+Amendamentul+surpriz%C4%83+din+legea+anti-ONG%2C+folosit+%C3%AEmpotriva+presei.+%22Ne+ducem+%C3%AEntr-o+direc%C8%9Bie+foarte+periculoas%C4%83%22&rft.date=2023-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fanatik.ro%2Fpnl-si-psd-imping-romania-catre-un-regim-autoritar-amendamentul-surpriza-din-legea-anti-ong-folosit-impotriva-presei-ne-ducem-intr-o-directie-foarte-periculoasa-20316603&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Authoritarian_conservative_2-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Authoritarian_conservative_2_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g4media.ro/degradare-accelerata-si-fara-precedent-a-democratiei-in-regimul-iohannis-ciuca-romania-e-redusa-la-tacere-pnl-se-psd-izeaza-rapid.html">"Degradare accelerată și fără precedent a democrației în regimul Iohannis-Ciucă. România e redusă la tăcere, PNL se PSD-izează rapid"</a>. 29 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Degradare+accelerat%C4%83+%C8%99i+f%C4%83r%C4%83+precedent+a+democra%C8%9Biei+%C3%AEn+regimul+Iohannis-Ciuc%C4%83.+Rom%C3%A2nia+e+redus%C4%83+la+t%C4%83cere%2C+PNL+se+PSD-izeaz%C4%83+rapid&rft.date=2022-06-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g4media.ro%2Fdegradare-accelerata-si-fara-precedent-a-democratiei-in-regimul-iohannis-ciuca-romania-e-redusa-la-tacere-pnl-se-psd-izeaza-rapid.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfi.ro/politica-150738-pdm-ul-lui-plahotniuc-ajuns-psde-ciolacuaici-este-resursa-cea-mai-importanta-care">"PDM-ul lui Plahotniuc a ajuns PSDE. Ciolacu:"Aici este resursa cea mai importantă care face puntea dintre DVS și români"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 21 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PDM-ul+lui+Plahotniuc+a+ajuns+PSDE.+Ciolacu%3A%22Aici+este+resursa+cea+mai+important%C4%83+care+face+puntea+dintre+DVS+%C8%99i+rom%C3%A2ni%22&rft.date=2022-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfi.ro%2Fpolitica-150738-pdm-ul-lui-plahotniuc-ajuns-psde-ciolacuaici-este-resursa-cea-mai-importanta-care&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caleaeuropeana.ro/presedintele-psd-liviu-dragnea-psd-este-cel-mai-mare-partid-de-stanga-din-europa-se-doreste-o-contraofensiva-la-ungaria-cu-o-tara-unde-guvernul-e-de-stanga/">"Președintele PSD Liviu Dragnea: "PSD este cel mai mare partid de stânga din Europa. 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De la vorbele din discurs la faptele transpuse în legi"</a>. <i>Europa Liberă România</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Europa+Liber%C4%83+Rom%C3%A2nia&rft.atitle=PSD+se+%C3%AEnscrie+%C3%AEntre+populi%C8%99tii+suverani%C8%99ti+europeni.+De+la+vorbele+din+discurs+la+faptele+transpuse+%C3%AEn+legi&rft.date=2019-05-15&rft.aulast=R%C4%83dulescu&rft.aufirst=Adelina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fromania.europalibera.org%2Fa%2Fpsd-se-inscrie-in-randul-populistilor-europeni-de-la-vorbele-din-discurs-la-faptele-transpuse-in-legi%2F29941786.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://moldova.europalibera.org/a/de-ce-nu-este-psd-un-partid-de-st%C3%A2nga/29414714.html">https://moldova.europalibera.org/a/de-ce-nu-este-psd-un-partid-de-st%C3%A2nga/29414714.html</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://romania.europalibera.org/a/analiz%C4%83-fragilizarea-democra%C8%9Biei-extremismul-%C8%99i-populismul-pe-cai-mari-%C3%AEn-europa-riscul-aur-pentru-rom%C3%A2nia/32710955.html">https://romania.europalibera.org/a/analiz%C4%83-fragilizarea-democra%C8%9Biei-extremismul-%C8%99i-populismul-pe-cai-mari-%C3%AEn-europa-riscul-aur-pentru-rom%C3%A2nia/32710955.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-politic-22363666-dragnea-vrea-lanseze-dezbatere-despre-legiferarea-parteneriatului-civil-minoritate-care-nu-putem-face-nu-vedem-sau-nu-exista.htm">"Dragnea vrea să lanseze o dezbatere despre legiferarea parteneriatului civil: E o minoritate pe care nu ne putem face că nu o vedem sau că nu există"</a>. 26 March 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dragnea+vrea+s%C4%83+lanseze+o+dezbatere+despre+legiferarea+parteneriatului+civil%3A+E+o+minoritate+pe+care+nu+ne+putem+face+c%C4%83+nu+o+vedem+sau+c%C4%83+nu+exist%C4%83&rft.date=2018-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hotnews.ro%2Fstiri-politic-22363666-dragnea-vrea-lanseze-dezbatere-despre-legiferarea-parteneriatului-civil-minoritate-care-nu-putem-face-nu-vedem-sau-nu-exista.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stirileprotv.ro/stiri/politic/dragnea-despre-proiectul-legii-pentru-parteneriatul-civil-eventual-facem-referendum.html">"Dragnea, despre proiectul Legii pentru parteneriatul civil. "Eventual facem referendum"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dragnea%2C+despre+proiectul+Legii+pentru+parteneriatul+civil.+%22Eventual+facem+referendum%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstirileprotv.ro%2Fstiri%2Fpolitic%2Fdragnea-despre-proiectul-legii-pentru-parteneriatul-civil-eventual-facem-referendum.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoldova2018" class="citation news cs1">Moldova, Europa Liberă (7 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://moldova.europalibera.org/a/29213280.html">"Liviu Dragnea: Parteneriatul civil între persoanele de același sex trebuie legiferat în România"</a>. <i>Radio Europa Liberă</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Europa+Liber%C4%83&rft.atitle=Liviu+Dragnea%3A+Parteneriatul+civil+%C3%AEntre+persoanele+de+acela%C8%99i+sex+trebuie+legiferat+%C3%AEn+Rom%C3%A2nia&rft.date=2018-05-07&rft.aulast=Moldova&rft.aufirst=Europa+Liber%C4%83&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoldova.europalibera.org%2Fa%2F29213280.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Romanian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lege5.ro/Gratuit/gmzdanrr/ordonanta-de-urgenta-nr-89-2001-pentru-modificarea-si-completarea-unor-dispozitii-din-codul-penal-referitoare-la-infractiuni-privind-viata-sexuala">Ordonanța de urgență nr. 89/2001 pentru modificarea și completarea unor dispoziții din Codul penal referitoare la infracțiuni privind viața sexuală</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181220205108/https://lege5.ro/Gratuit/gmzdanrr/ordonanta-de-urgenta-nr-89-2001-pentru-modificarea-si-completarea-unor-dispozitii-din-codul-penal-referitoare-la-infractiuni-privind-viata-sexuala">Archived</a> 20 December 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, text published in the Official Gazette of Romania</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoichița_Năchescu2014" class="citation book cs1">Voichița Năchescu (22 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-3ihAwAAQBAJ&q=lgbt+rights+in+romania&pg=PA58">"Hierarchies of Difference: National Identity, Gay and Lesbian Rights, and the Church in Postcommunist Romania"</a>. <i>Sexuality and Gender in Postcommunist Eastern Europe and Russia</i>. Routledge. p. 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-95559-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-95559-7"><bdi>978-1-317-95559-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hierarchies+of+Difference%3A+National+Identity%2C+Gay+and+Lesbian+Rights%2C+and+the+Church+in+Postcommunist+Romania&rft.btitle=Sexuality+and+Gender+in+Postcommunist+Eastern+Europe+and+Russia&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-05-22&rft.isbn=978-1-317-95559-7&rft.au=Voichi%C8%9Ba+N%C4%83chescu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-3ihAwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dlgbt%2Brights%2Bin%2Bromania%26pg%3DPA58&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.revistadesociologie.ro/pdf-uri/nr3-4-2011/02-VAndreescu.pdf">http://www.revistadesociologie.ro/pdf-uri/nr3-4-2011/02-VAndreescu.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (August 2024)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.g4media.ro/marcel-ciolacu-despre-decizia-cedo-referitoare-la-parteneriatul-civil-nu-este-pregatita-societatea-romaneasca-europa-fm.html">"Marcel Ciolacu, despre decizia CEDO referitoare la parteneriatul civil: Nu este pregătită societatea românească - Europa FM"</a>. 23 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marcel+Ciolacu%2C+despre+decizia+CEDO+referitoare+la+parteneriatul+civil%3A+Nu+este+preg%C4%83tit%C4%83+societatea+rom%C3%A2neasc%C4%83+-+Europa+FM&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g4media.ro%2Fmarcel-ciolacu-despre-decizia-cedo-referitoare-la-parteneriatul-civil-nu-este-pregatita-societatea-romaneasca-europa-fm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news.ro/social/ciolacu-despre-decizia-cedo-referitoare-la-parteneriatul-civil-intre-persoane-de-acelasi-sex-societatea-romaneasca-inca-nu-e-pregatita-nu-este-nici-prima-nici-ultima-care-condamna-1922400623002023111921396670">"Ciolacu, despre decizia CEDO referitoare la parteneriatul civil între persoane de acelaşi sex: Societatea românească încă nu e pregătită. Nu este nici prima, nici ultima care condamnă"</a>. 23 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ciolacu%2C+despre+decizia+CEDO+referitoare+la+parteneriatul+civil+%C3%AEntre+persoane+de+acela%C5%9Fi+sex%3A+Societatea+rom%C3%A2neasc%C4%83+%C3%AEnc%C4%83+nu+e+preg%C4%83tit%C4%83.+Nu+este+nici+prima%2C+nici+ultima+care+condamn%C4%83&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.ro%2Fsocial%2Fciolacu-despre-decizia-cedo-referitoare-la-parteneriatul-civil-intre-persoane-de-acelasi-sex-societatea-romaneasca-inca-nu-e-pregatita-nu-este-nici-prima-nici-ultima-care-condamna-1922400623002023111921396670&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180909150510/https://www.revista22.ro/biserica-ortodoxa-romana-agent-electoral-al-psd-decaderea-morala-a-bisericii-conduse-de-patriarhul-daniel-50016.html">"Biserica Ortodoxa Romana, AGENT ELECTORAL AL PSD. Decaderea morala a bisericii conduse de Patriarhul Daniel"</a>. <i>www.revista22.ro</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.revista22.ro/biserica-ortodoxa-romana-agent-electoral-al-psd-decaderea-morala-a-bisericii-conduse-de-patriarhul-daniel-50016.html">the original</a> on 9 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.revista22.ro&rft.atitle=Biserica+Ortodoxa+Romana%2C+AGENT+ELECTORAL+AL+PSD.+Decaderea+morala+a+bisericii+conduse+de+Patriarhul+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.revista22.ro%2Fbiserica-ortodoxa-romana-agent-electoral-al-psd-decaderea-morala-a-bisericii-conduse-de-patriarhul-daniel-50016.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gandul.info/stiri/alianta-bor-psd-operatiunea-bani-si-imobile-pentru-biserica-contra-voturi-pro-ponta-13532077">"ALIANȚA BOR - PSD. Operațiunea bani și imobile pentru Biserică contra voturi pro Ponta"</a>. 13 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ALIAN%C8%9AA+BOR+-+PSD.+Opera%C8%9Biunea+bani+%C8%99i+imobile+pentru+Biseric%C4%83+contra+voturi+pro+Ponta&rft.date=2014-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gandul.info%2Fstiri%2Falianta-bor-psd-operatiunea-bani-si-imobile-pentru-biserica-contra-voturi-pro-ponta-13532077&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://b1.ro/stiri/politica/biserica-ortodoxa-se-implica-in-campania-electorala-mitropolitul-ardealului-indeamna-enoriasii-sa-voteze-doar-cu-psd-sau-alde-video-169763.html">"Biserica Ortodoxă se implică în campania electorală: Mitropolitul Ardealului îndeamnă enoriașii să voteze doar cu PSD sau ALDE (VIDEO)"</a>. December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biserica+Ortodox%C4%83+se+implic%C4%83+%C3%AEn+campania+electoral%C4%83%3A+Mitropolitul+Ardealului+%C3%AEndeamn%C4%83+enoria%C8%99ii+s%C4%83+voteze+doar+cu+PSD+sau+ALDE+%28VIDEO%29&rft.date=2016-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fb1.ro%2Fstiri%2Fpolitica%2Fbiserica-ortodoxa-se-implica-in-campania-electorala-mitropolitul-ardealului-indeamna-enoriasii-sa-voteze-doar-cu-psd-sau-alde-video-169763.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediafax.ro/politic/dragnea-despre-impozitarea-veniturilor-bisericii-nu-sustin-cel-putin-sa-le-ajutam-sa-existe-gandul-sfantul-profit-al-bisericii-ortodoxe-ce-excedent-au-declarat-la-finante-eparhiile-bor-16587028">"Dragnea, despre impozitarea veniturilor Bisericii: Nu susţin; Cel puţin să le ajutăm să existe/ Gândul: Sfântul profit al Bisericii Ortodoxe. Ce excedent au declarat la Finanţe eparhiile BOR"</a>. <i>Mediafax.ro</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mediafax.ro&rft.atitle=Dragnea%2C+despre+impozitarea+veniturilor+Bisericii%3A+Nu+sus%C5%A3in%3B+Cel+pu%C5%A3in+s%C4%83+le+ajut%C4%83m+s%C4%83+existe%2F+G%C3%A2ndul%3A+Sf%C3%A2ntul+profit+al+Bisericii+Ortodoxe.+Ce+excedent+au+declarat+la+Finan%C5%A3e+eparhiile+BOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediafax.ro%2Fpolitic%2Fdragnea-despre-impozitarea-veniturilor-bisericii-nu-sustin-cel-putin-sa-le-ajutam-sa-existe-gandul-sfantul-profit-al-bisericii-ortodoxe-ce-excedent-au-declarat-la-finante-eparhiile-bor-16587028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ziare.com/gabriela-firea/primar-bucuresti/firea-da-inca-10-milioane-de-lei-pentru-catedrala-mantuirii-neamului-vezi-de-unde-se-iau-bani-la-rectificarea-bugetara-si-unde-se-duc-1522309">"Firea da inca 10 milioane de lei pentru Catedrala Mantuirii Neamului: Vezi de unde se iau bani la rectificarea bugetara si unde se duc"</a>. <i>Ziare.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ziare.com&rft.atitle=Firea+da+inca+10+milioane+de+lei+pentru+Catedrala+Mantuirii+Neamului%3A+Vezi+de+unde+se+iau+bani+la+rectificarea+bugetara+si+unde+se+duc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fziare.com%2Fgabriela-firea%2Fprimar-bucuresti%2Ffirea-da-inca-10-milioane-de-lei-pentru-catedrala-mantuirii-neamului-vezi-de-unde-se-iau-bani-la-rectificarea-bugetara-si-unde-se-duc-1522309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://europarlamentare2024.bec.ro/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/comunicat_RFE_1.pdf">https://europarlamentare2024.bec.ro/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/comunicat_RFE_1.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMihăilescu2009" class="citation web cs1">Mihăilescu, Robert (3 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-politic-6606961-ion-caramitru-demisioneaza-din-conducerea-pntcd-sefii-psd-fosti-nomenclaturisti-sau-copiii-lor-sunt-tarati-originea-comunista-nu-cred-moartea-comunismului-prin-comunisti.htm">"Ion Caramitru demisioneaza din conducerea PNTCD: Sefii PSD, fosti nomenclaturisti sau copiii lor, sunt tarati de originea comunista. Nu cred in moartea comunismului prin comunisti"</a>. <i>HotNewsRo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=coe.int&rft.atitle=Romania%3A+Proposed+reforms+could+undermine+independence+of+judges+and+prosecutors+according+to+Venice+Commission&rft.date=2018-07-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.coe.int%2Fen%2Fweb%2Fportal%2F-%2Fromania-proposed-reforms-could-undermine-independence-of-judges-and-prosecutors-according-to-venice-commission&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_142-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarmen_Paun2017" class="citation web cs1">Carmen Paun (22 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.eu/article/romanians-protest-government-plan-to-commute-sentences/">"Romanians protest government plan to commute sentences"</a>. <i>Politico</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Romanians+protest+government+plan+to+commute+sentences&rft.date=2017-01-22&rft.au=Carmen+Paun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fromanians-protest-government-plan-to-commute-sentences%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIlie2017" class="citation news cs1">Ilie, Luiza (10 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-romania-corruption-activists-idUSKBN15P1KA">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'We see you' – Romanian activists become potent political force"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=%27We+see+you%27+%E2%80%93+Romanian+activists+become+potent+political+force&rft.date=2017-02-10&rft.aulast=Ilie&rft.aufirst=Luiza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-romania-corruption-activists-idUSKBN15P1KA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASocial+Democratic+Party+%28Romania%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ion_Iliescu" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ion_Iliescu" title="Template:Ion Iliescu"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ion_Iliescu" title="Template talk:Ion Iliescu"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ion_Iliescu" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ion Iliescu"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ion_Iliescu" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>2nd <a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President of Romania</a></li> <li>Born <span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1930-03-03</span>)</span>3 March 1930</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political activities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>President of <a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i_County" title="Iași County">Iași County</a> Council (1974–1979)</li> <li>President of the <a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Romania)" title="National Salvation Front (Romania)">National Salvation Front</a> (1990–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President of Romania</a> (1990–1996; 2000–2004)</li> <li>Honorary President of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Social Democratic Party</a> (2001–present)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ion_Iliescu_(2).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Ion_Iliescu_%282%29.JPG/70px-Ion_Iliescu_%282%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Ion_Iliescu_%282%29.JPG/105px-Ion_Iliescu_%282%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Ion_Iliescu_%282%29.JPG/140px-Ion_Iliescu_%282%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="898" data-file-height="1197" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Communist_Party" title="Romanian Communist Party">Communist Party</a> (1953–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Romania)" title="National Salvation Front (Romania)">National Salvation Front</a> (1990–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Salvation_Front" title="Democratic National Salvation Front">Democratic National Salvation Front</a> (1992–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Social_Democracy_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Party of Social Democracy in Romania">Party of Social Democracy in Romania</a> (1993–2001)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Social Democratic Party</a> (2001–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections and referendums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Romanian_general_election" title="1990 Romanian general election">1990 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Romanian_constitutional_referendum" title="1991 Romanian constitutional referendum">1991 constitutional referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Romanian_general_election" title="1992 Romanian general election">1992 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Romanian_general_election" title="1996 Romanian general election">1996 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Romanian_general_election" title="2000 Romanian general election">2000 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Romanian_constitutional_referendum" title="2003 Romanian constitutional referendum">2003 constitutional referendum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mineriad" title="Mineriad">Mineriads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_1990_Mineriad" title="January 1990 Mineriad">January 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1990_Mineriad" title="February 1990 Mineriad">February 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_1990_Mineriad" title="June 1990 Mineriad">June 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1991_Mineriad" title="September 1991 Mineriad">September 1991</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_clashes_of_T%C3%A2rgu_Mure%C8%99" title="Ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureș">Ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureș (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golaniad" title="Golaniad">Golaniad (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_of_Flowers_(event)" title="Bridge of Flowers (event)">Bridge of Flowers (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Vrancea_earthquakes" title="1990 Vrancea earthquakes">1990 Vrancea earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caritas_(Ponzi_scheme)" title="Caritas (Ponzi scheme)">Caritas (1992–1994)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_H%C4%83d%C4%83reni_riots" title="1993 Hădăreni riots">1993 Hădăreni riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snagov_Declaration" title="Snagov Declaration">Snagov Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_European_floods" title="2002 European floods">2002 floods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_property_bubble" title="Romanian property bubble">2002–2007 property bubble</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">← Nicolae Ceaușescu</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Emil_Constantinescu" title="Emil Constantinescu">Emil Constantinescu →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Emil_Constantinescu" title="Emil Constantinescu">← Emil Constantinescu</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Traian_B%C4%83sescu" title="Traian Băsescu">Traian Băsescu →</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Party_of_European_Socialists" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Template:Party of European Socialists"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Template talk:Party of European Socialists"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Party of European Socialists"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Party_of_European_Socialists" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>European Parliament group: <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats">Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" title="Social Democratic Party of Austria">SPÖ</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/13px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/26px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Parti_Socialiste_(Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Parti Socialiste (Belgium)">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vooruit_(political_party)" title="Vooruit (political party)">V</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Socialist_Party" title="Bulgarian Socialist Party">BSP/БСП</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia" title="Social Democratic Party of Croatia">SDP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/15px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Social_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Movement for Social Democracy">EDEK/ΕΔΕΚ</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democracy_(Czech_Republic)" title="Social Democracy (Czech Republic)">SOCDEM</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/15px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/23px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democrats_(Denmark)" title="Social Democrats (Denmark)">A</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Estonia)" title="Social Democratic Party (Estonia)">SDE</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Finland" title="Social Democratic Party of Finland">SDP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/15px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(France)" title="Socialist Party (France)">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/15px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/15px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/PASOK_%E2%80%93_Movement_for_Change" title="PASOK – Movement for Change">PA.SO.K./ΠΑ.ΣΟ.Κ.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/15px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Coalition_(Hungary)" title="Democratic Coalition (Hungary)">DK</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Socialist_Party" title="Hungarian Socialist Party">MSZP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Ireland)" title="Labour Party (Ireland)">Lab</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/15px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Italy)" title="Democratic Party (Italy)">PD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Socialist_Party_(2007)" title="Italian Socialist Party (2007)">PSI</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_%22Harmony%22" title="Social Democratic Party "Harmony"">Saskaņa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Lithuania" title="Social Democratic Party of Lithuania">LSDP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/15px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/30px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Socialist_Workers%27_Party" title="Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party">LSAP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/15px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/30px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Malta)" title="Labour Party (Malta)">PL</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Netherlands)" title="Labour Party (Netherlands)">PvdA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_Left_(Poland)" title="New Left (Poland)">NL</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/15px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Portugal)" title="Socialist Party (Portugal)">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">PSD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Direction_%E2%80%93_Social_Democracy" title="Direction – Social Democracy">SMER-SD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democrats_(Slovenia)" title="Social Democrats (Slovenia)">SD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/15px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Socialist_Workers%27_Party" title="Spanish Socialist Workers' Party">PSOE</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/15px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Swedish Social Democratic Party">SAP</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member parties (non-EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/15px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/23px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/30px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Norway)" title="Labour Party (Norway)">AP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Lab</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">SDLP</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated parties (EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Bulgarian_Social_Democrats" title="Party of Bulgarian Social Democrats">PBSD/БСДП</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Voice_-_Social_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice - Social Democracy">Hlas-SD</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated parties (non-EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/15px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Albania" title="Socialist Party of Albania">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/15px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Democratic Party (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">SDP BiH</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/15px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Alliance" title="Social Democratic Alliance">S</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/15px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/30px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vet%C3%ABvendosje" class="mw-redirect" title="Vetëvendosje">VV</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><img alt="Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/15px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/30px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Socialists_of_Montenegro" title="Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro">DPS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Montenegro" title="Social Democratic Party of Montenegro">SDP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/15px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Union_of_Macedonia" title="Social Democratic Union of Macedonia">SDSM/СДСМ</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Serbia)" title="Democratic Party (Serbia)">DS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/11px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/17px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Switzerland" title="Social Democratic Party of Switzerland">SP/PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/15px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_People%27s_Party" title="Republican People's Party">CHP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peoples%27_Democratic_Party_(Turkey)" title="Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)">HDP</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observer parties (EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Social_Democratic_Workers%27_Party" title="Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party">LSDSP</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observer parties (non-EU)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra"><img alt="Andorra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/15px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/23px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Andorra.svg/30px-Flag_of_Andorra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Andorra)" title="Social Democratic Party (Andorra)">PS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Revolutionary_Federation" title="Armenian Revolutionary Federation">ARF</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/15px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Egyptian Social Democratic Party">ESDP/الديمقراطي</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)"><img alt="Georgia (country)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Dream" title="Georgian Dream">GD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/15px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/23px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/30px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/The_Democrats_(Israel)" title="The Democrats (Israel)">Dem</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/15px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/30px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Moldova" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party of Moldova">PDM</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/15px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/30px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Union_of_Popular_Forces" title="Socialist Union of Popular Forces">USPT</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus"><img alt="Northern Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Turkish_Party" title="Republican Turkish Party">CTP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine"><img alt="State of Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/15px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/30px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah/فتح</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/San_Marino" title="San Marino"><img alt="San Marino" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/15px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/23px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_San_Marino.svg/30px-Flag_of_San_Marino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Socialists_and_Democrats" title="Party of Socialists and Democrats">PSD</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><img alt="Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Freedom_and_Justice" title="Party of Freedom and Justice">SSP</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia"><img alt="Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/15px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Forum_for_Labour_and_Liberties" title="Democratic Forum for Labour and Liberties">FDTL</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Dr%C3%B6scher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Dröscher (page does not exist)">Wilhelm Dröscher</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Pontillon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Pontillon (page does not exist)">Robert Pontillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Joop den Uyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADtor_Const%C3%A2ncio" title="Vítor Constâncio">Vítor Constâncio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Spitaels" title="Guy Spitaels">Guy Spitaels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Claes" title="Willy Claes">Willy Claes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Scharping" title="Rudolf Scharping">Rudolf Scharping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Cook" title="Robin Cook">Robin Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poul_Nyrup_Rasmussen" title="Poul Nyrup Rasmussen">Poul Nyrup Rasmussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Stanishev" title="Sergey Stanishev">Sergey Stanishev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_L%C3%B6fven" title="Stefan Löfven">Stefan Löfven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders in the <br /> European Parliament</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Mollet" title="Guy Mollet">Guy Mollet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hendrik_Fayat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hendrik Fayat (page does not exist)">Hendrik Fayat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Lapie_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Lapie (politician) (page does not exist)">Pierre Lapie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willi_Birkelbach" title="Willi Birkelbach">Willi Birkelbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4te_Strobel" title="Käte Strobel">Käte Strobel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Vals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Vals (page does not exist)">Francis Vals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Sp%C3%A9nale" title="Georges Spénale">Georges Spénale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwig_Sp%C3%A9nale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwig Spénale (page does not exist)">Ludwig Spénale</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Glinne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernest Glinne (page does not exist)">Ernest Glinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudi_Arndt" title="Rudi Arndt">Rudi Arndt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Cot" title="Jean-Pierre Cot">Jean-Pierre Cot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Green" title="Pauline Green">Pauline Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Bar%C3%B3n" title="Enrique Barón">Enrique Barón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Schulz" title="Martin Schulz">Martin Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Swoboda" title="Hannes Swoboda">Hannes Swoboda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianni_Pittella" title="Gianni Pittella">Gianni Pittella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udo_Bullmann" title="Udo Bullmann">Udo Bullmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iratxe_Garc%C3%ADa" title="Iratxe García">Iratxe García</a></li></ul> <hr /> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">European Commissioners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josep_Borrell" title="Josep Borrell">Josep Borrell</a> (VP and High Representative of the Union)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Dalli" title="Helena Dalli">Helena Dalli</a> (Equality)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisa_Ferreira" title="Elisa Ferreira">Elisa Ferreira</a> (Cohesion and Reforms)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Gentiloni" title="Paolo Gentiloni">Paolo Gentiloni</a> (Economy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ylva_Johansson" title="Ylva Johansson">Ylva Johansson</a> (Home Affairs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Schmit" title="Nicolas Schmit">Nicolas Schmit</a> (Jobs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maro%C5%A1_%C5%A0ef%C4%8Dovi%C4%8D" title="Maroš Šefčovič">Maroš Šefčovič</a> (VP for Interinstitutional Relations)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Timmermans" title="Frans Timmermans">Frans Timmermans</a> (Executive VP for <a href="/wiki/European_Green_Deal" title="European Green Deal">European Green Deal</a> and Climate Action)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jutta_Urpilainen" title="Jutta Urpilainen">Jutta Urpilainen</a> (International Partnerships)</li> <li><b>see <a href="/wiki/Von_der_Leyen_Commission" title="Von der Leyen Commission">Von der Leyen Commission</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heads of government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mette_Frederiksen" title="Mette Frederiksen">Mette Frederiksen</a> (Denmark)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Abela" title="Robert Abela">Robert Abela</a> (Malta)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Pedro Sánchez</a> (Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Starmer" title="Keir Starmer">Keir Starmer</a> (United Kingdom)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heads of state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank-Walter_Steinmeier" title="Frank-Walter Steinmeier">Frank-Walter Steinmeier</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Vella" title="George Vella">George Vella</a> (Malta)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Higgins" title="Michael D. Higgins">Michael D. Higgins</a> (Ireland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoran_Milanovi%C4%87" title="Zoran Milanović">Zoran Milanović</a> (Croatia)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_Romania_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Romania&#124;link=Romania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romanian_political_parties" title="Template:Romanian political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romanian_political_parties" title="Template talk:Romanian political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romanian_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romanian political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_Romania_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Romania&#124;link=Romania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Romania" title="List of political parties in Romania">Political parties</a> in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Social Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Humanist_Party" title="Social Liberal Humanist Party">Social Liberal Humanist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">National Liberal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_of_the_Right" title="Force of the Right">Force of the Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Save_Romania_Union" title="Save Romania Union">Save Romania Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewing_Romania%27s_European_Project" title="Renewing Romania's European Project">Renewing Romania's European Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Respect_in_Europe_for_All_Party" title="Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party">Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Union_of_Romanians" title="Alliance for the Union of Romanians">Alliance for the Union of Romanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S.O.S._Romania" title="S.O.S. Romania">S.O.S. Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_of_Hungarians_in_Romania" title="Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania">Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Nationhood_Party" title="Romanian Nationhood Party">Romanian Nationhood Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Italians_of_Romania" title="Association of Italians of Romania">Association of Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Macedonians_of_Romania" title="Association of Macedonians of Romania">Association of Macedonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Union_of_Banat%E2%80%93Romania" title="Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania">Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_the_Lipovan_Russians_in_Romania" title="Community of the Lipovan Russians in Romania">Community of the Lipovan Russians in Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Union_of_Ruthenians_of_Romania" title="Cultural Union of Ruthenians of Romania">Cultural Union of Ruthenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Forum_of_Germans_in_Romania" title="Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania">Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Turkish_Union_of_Romania" title="Democratic Turkish Union of Romania">Democratic Turkish Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_of_Slovaks_and_Czechs_of_Romania" title="Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs of Romania">Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_of_Turkic-Muslim_Tatars_of_Romania" title="Democratic Union of Turkic-Muslim Tatars of Romania">Democratic Union of Turkic-Muslim Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_the_Jewish_Communities_in_Romania" title="Federation of the Jewish Communities in Romania">Federation of the Jewish Communities in Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Union_of_Romania" title="Hellenic Union of Romania">Hellenic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Albanians_of_Romania" title="League of Albanians of Romania">League of Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Roma" title="Party of the Roma">Party of the Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Armenians_of_Romania" title="Union of Armenians of Romania">Union of Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Croatians_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Union of Croatians of Romania">Union of Croatians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Poles_of_Romania" title="Union of Poles of Romania">Union of Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Serbs_of_Romania" title="Union of Serbs of Romania">Union of Serbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_the_Ukrainians_of_Romania" title="Union of the Ukrainians of Romania">Union of the Ukrainians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extraparliamentary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_National_Peasants%27_Party" title="Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party">Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Homeland" title="Alliance for the Homeland">Alliance for the Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania_Party" title="Greater Romania Party">Greater Romania Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Romania)" title="Green Party (Romania)">Green Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_People_Together" title="Nation People Together">Nation People Together</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Movement_Party" title="People's Movement Party">People's Movement Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRO_Romania" title="PRO Romania">PRO Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Party_of_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecologist Party of Romania">Ecologist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Rebirth_Alliance" title="National Rebirth Alliance">National Rebirth Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noua_Dreapt%C4%83" title="Noua Dreaptă">Noua Dreaptă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Nationhood_Party" title="Romanian Nationhood Party">Romanian Nationhood Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Socialist_Party_(2003)" title="Romanian Socialist Party (2003)">Romanian Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Alternative" title="The Right Alternative">The Right Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volt_Romania" title="Volt Romania">Volt Romania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Defunct" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-size:85%;">Defunct</span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationalist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Nationalist_Party_(Romania)" title="Democratic Nationalist Party (Romania)">Democratic Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_Party_(Romania)" title="Democratic Union Party (Romania)">Democratic Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Romania)" title="National Party (Romania)">National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_from_Banat" title="National Union from Banat">National Union from Banat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_National_Unity_Party" title="Romanian National Unity Party">Romanian National Unity Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Romania_Party" title="United Romania Party">United Romania Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liberal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Liberals_and_Democrats_(Romania)" title="Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)">Alliance of Liberals and Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_and_Independent_Faction" title="Free and Independent Faction">Free and Independent Faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Union%E2%80%93Br%C4%83tianu" title="Liberal Union–Brătianu">Liberal Union–Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania,_1875)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)">National Liberal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party%E2%80%93Br%C4%83tianu" title="National Liberal Party–Brătianu">National Liberal Party–Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party%E2%80%93C%C3%A2mpeanu" title="National Liberal Party–Câmpeanu">National Liberal Party–Câmpeanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party%E2%80%93T%C4%83t%C4%83rescu" title="National Liberal Party–Tătărescu">National Liberal Party–Tătărescu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Radical_Party_(Romania)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radical Party (Romania) (page does not exist)">Radical Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conservative</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Force" title="Civic Force">Civic Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Romania,_1880%E2%80%931918)" title="Conservative Party (Romania, 1880–1918)">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative-Democratic_Party" title="Conservative-Democratic Party">Conservative-Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junimea" title="Junimea">Constitutional Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Christian_Party" title="National Democratic Christian Party">National Democratic Christian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Renaissance_Front" title="National Renaissance Front">National Renaissance Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(interwar_Romania)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Party (interwar Romania)">People's Party (1918–1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Romania,_2005%E2%80%9306)" title="People's Party (Romania, 2005–06)">People's Party (2005–2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_(Romania)" title="Progressive Conservative Party (Romania)">Progressive Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_National_Party" title="Romanian National Party">Romanian National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlad_%C8%9Aepe%C8%99_League" title="Vlad Țepeș League">Vlad Țepeș League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Left-wing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Socialist_Party" title="Banat Socialist Party">Banat Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Nepeceri%C8%99ti)" title="Communist Party (Nepeceriști)">Communist Party (Nepeceriști)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Salvation_Front" title="Democratic National Salvation Front">Democratic National Salvation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Labour" title="Democratic Party of Labour">Democratic Party of Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(Romania)" title="Labor Party (Romania)">Labor Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Romania)" title="National Salvation Front (Romania)">National Salvation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Social_Solidarity" title="Party of Social Solidarity">Party of Social Solidarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasant_Workers%27_Bloc" title="Peasant Workers' Bloc">Peasant Workers' Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_%E2%80%93_Dan_Diaconescu" title="People's Party – Dan Diaconescu">People's Party – Dan Diaconescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Communist_Party" title="Romanian Communist Party">Romanian Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Social_Democratic_Party_(1927%E2%80%931948)" title="Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)">Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Social_Democratic_Party_(1990%E2%80%932001)" title="Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)">Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Socialist_Democratic_Party" title="Romanian Socialist Democratic Party">Romanian Socialist Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Socialist_Party_(1992%E2%80%932015)" title="Romanian Socialist Party (1992–2015)">Romanian Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_Democratic_Party_of_Bukovina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Social Democratic Party of Bukovina (page does not exist)">Social Democratic Party of Bukovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Romania_(1910%E2%80%931918)" title="Social Democratic Party of Romania (1910–1918)">Social Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Workers%27_Party_of_Romania" title="Social Democratic Workers' Party of Romania">Social Democratic Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Labour" title="Socialist Party of Labour">Socialist Party of Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Protection_People%27s_Party" title="Social Protection People's Party">Social Protection People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Romania" title="Socialist Party of Romania">Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Transylvania" title="Socialist Party of Transylvania">Socialist Party of Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_of_Romania" title="Socialist Workers Party of Romania">Socialist Workers Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Socialist_Party_(Romania)" title="United Socialist Party (Romania)">United Socialist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agrarian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrarian_League_(Romania)" title="Agrarian League (Romania)">Agrarian League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrarian_Union_Party" title="Agrarian Union Party">Agrarian Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessarabian_Peasants%27_Party" title="Bessarabian Peasants' Party">Bessarabian Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Agrarian_Party_of_Romania" title="Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania">Democratic Agrarian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Peasants%27_Party_(Bukovina)" title="Democratic Peasants' Party (Bukovina)">Democratic Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Peasants%27_Party%E2%80%93Lupu" title="Democratic Peasants' Party–Lupu">Democratic Peasants' Party–Lupu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Peasants%27_Party%E2%80%93Stere" title="Democratic Peasants' Party–Stere">Democratic Peasants' Party–Stere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_Against_Usury" title="League Against Usury">League Against Usury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Agrarian_Party" title="National Agrarian Party">National Agrarian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Peasants%27_Party" title="National Peasants' Party">National Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Peasants%27_Party%E2%80%93Alexandrescu" title="National Peasants' Party–Alexandrescu">National Peasants' Party–Alexandrescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasants%27_Party_(Romania)" title="Peasants' Party (Romania)">Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasants%27_Party%E2%80%93Lupu" title="Peasants' Party–Lupu">Peasants' Party–Lupu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploughmen%27s_Front" title="Ploughmen's Front">Ploughmen's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Peasants%27_Party" title="Radical Peasants' Party">Radical Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Peasants%27_Party" title="Socialist Peasants' Party">Socialist Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Peasants%27_Party" title="Transylvanian Peasants' Party">Transylvanian Peasants' Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Far-right</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citizen_Bloc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citizen Bloc (page does not exist)">Citizen Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_Romanianism" title="Crusade of Romanianism">Crusade of Romanianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Guard" title="Iron Guard">Iron Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Christian_Party" title="National Christian Party">National Christian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National-Christian_Defense_League" title="National-Christian Defense League">National-Christian Defense League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Fascist_Movement" title="National Fascist Movement">National Fascist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Italo-Romanian_Cultural_and_Economic_Movement" title="National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement">National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Romanian_Fascio" title="National Romanian Fascio">National Romanian Fascio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Party_(Romania)" title="National Socialist Party (Romania)">National Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romanian_Action&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romanian Action (page does not exist)">Romanian Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Front" title="Romanian Front">Romanian Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic minority</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autonomous_Swabian_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autonomous Swabian Party (page does not exist)">Autonomous Swabian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bratstvo_Community_of_Bulgarians_in_Romania" title="Bratstvo Community of Bulgarians in Romania">Bratstvo Community of Bulgarians in Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Union_of_Albanians_of_Romania" title="Cultural Union of Albanians of Romania">Cultural Union of Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_of_the_Roma_of_Romania" title="Democratic Union of the Roma of Romania">Democratic Union of the Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Party_(Romania)" title="German Party (Romania)">German Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_People%27s_Party_(Romania)" title="German People's Party (Romania)">German People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Jewish_Labour_Bund_in_Romania" title="General Jewish Labour Bund in Romania">General Jewish Labour Bund in Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Transylvanian_Saxons" title="Group of Transylvanian Saxons">Group of Transylvanian Saxons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Party" title="Hungarian People's Party">Hungarian People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Union" title="Hungarian People's Union">Hungarian People's Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Union_(Romania)" title="Hungarian Union (Romania)">Hungarian Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Community_of_Romania" title="Italian Community of Romania">Italian Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Democratic_Committee" title="Jewish Democratic Committee">Jewish Democratic Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_National_People%27s_Party" title="Jewish National People's Party">Jewish National People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Party_(Romania)" title="Jewish Party (Romania)">Jewish Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magyar_Party_(Romania)" title="Magyar Party (Romania)">Magyar Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Hungarian-Szekler_Party" title="National Democratic Hungarian-Szekler Party">National Democratic Hungarian-Szekler Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Italo-Romanian_Cultural_and_Economic_Movement" title="National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement">National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Council_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Council Party (page does not exist)">People's Council Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swabian_Group" title="Swabian Group">Swabian Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_National_Party" title="Ukrainian National Party">Ukrainian National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Workers%27_Party_of_Romania" title="Ukrainian Workers' Party of Romania">Ukrainian Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Romanian_Jews" title="Union of Romanian Jews">Union of Romanian Jews</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_Movement_of_Romania" title="Ecological Movement of Romania">Ecological Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Union_of_Romania_Party" title="Ecologist Union of Romania Party">Ecologist Union of Romania Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Popular_Party_(Romania)" title="National Popular Party (Romania)">Union of Patriots/National Popular Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Reconstruction_Party_of_Romania" title="National Reconstruction Party of Romania">National Reconstruction Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Free_Change" title="Party of Free Change">Party of Free Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Young_Free_Democrats_of_Romania" title="Party of Young Free Democrats of Romania">Party of Young Free Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Romania,_1990)" title="Republican Party (Romania, 1990)">Republican Party (1993–2004)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Romania,_1993)" title="Republican Party (Romania, 1993)">Republican Party (1990–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transylvania%E2%80%93Banat_League" title="Transylvania–Banat League">Transylvania–Banat League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Romanian_Unity" title="Alliance for Romanian Unity">Alliance for Romanian Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_PSD%2BPC" title="Alliance PSD+PC">Alliance PSD+PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Left_Alliance" title="Centre Left Alliance">Centre Left Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Right_Alliance" title="Centre Right Alliance">Centre Right Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Liberal_Alliance" title="Christian Liberal Alliance">Christian Liberal Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Group_of_the_Centre" title="Democratic Group of the Centre">Democratic Group of the Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Socialist_Parties_from_Romania" title="Federation of Socialist Parties from Romania">Federation of Socialist Parties from Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_of_Socialist_Unity_and_Democracy" title="Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy">Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Ecologist_Party" title="Green Ecologist Party">Green Ecologist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_German_Bloc" title="Hungarian German Bloc">Hungarian German Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Truth_Alliance" title="Justice and Truth Alliance">Justice and Truth Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Ecologist_Alliance" title="National Liberal Ecologist Alliance">National Liberal Ecologist Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_PSD%2BPUR" title="National Union PSD+PUR">National Union PSD+PUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Front_(Romania)" title="People's Democratic Front (Romania)">People's Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Quadrilateral" title="Red Quadrilateral">Red Quadrilateral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Romania_Alliance" title="Right Romania Alliance">Right Romania Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Democratic_Convention" title="Romanian Democratic Convention">Romanian Democratic Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Pole_of_Romania" title="Social Democratic Pole of Romania">Social Democratic Pole of Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Union_(Romania)" title="Social Democratic Union (Romania)">Social Democratic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Liberal_Union" title="Social Liberal Union">Social Liberal Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USR_PLUS" title="USR PLUS">USR PLUS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Portal:Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ruling_political_parties_by_country" title="List of ruling political parties by country">List of political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Romania" title="Politics of Romania">Politics of Romania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#b0c4de;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Template:Presidents of the Social Democratic Party"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Template talk:Presidents of the Social Democratic Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of the Social Democratic Party"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Presidents of the Social Democratic Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">Frontul Democrat al Salvării Naționale</i></span><br />(Democratic National Salvation Front)<br />1992–1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliviu_Gherman" title="Oliviu Gherman">Oliviu Gherman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">Partidul Democrației Sociale în România</i></span><br />(Party of Social Democracy in Romania)<br />1993–2001</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oliviu_Gherman" title="Oliviu Gherman">Oliviu Gherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Iliescu" title="Ion Iliescu">Ion Iliescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span title="Romanian-language text"><i lang="ro">Partidul Social Democrat</i></span><br />(Social Democratic Party)<br />since 2001</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_N%C4%83stase" title="Adrian Năstase">Adrian Năstase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mircea_Geoan%C4%83" title="Mircea Geoană">Mircea Geoană</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Ponta" title="Victor Ponta">Victor Ponta</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rovana_Plumb" title="Rovana Plumb">Rovana Plumb</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a>)</span></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liviu_Dragnea" title="Liviu Dragnea">Liviu Dragnea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viorica_D%C4%83ncil%C4%83" title="Viorica Dăncilă">Viorica Dăncilă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Ciolacu" title="Marcel Ciolacu">Marcel Ciolacu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romania_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romania_topics" title="Template:Romania topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romania_topics" title="Template talk:Romania topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romania_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romania topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romania_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Romania" title="Outline of Romania">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Romania" title="Outline of Romania">Topics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Romania" title="History of Romania">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Romanian_history" title="Timeline of Romanian history">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_ancient_Romania" title="Timeline of ancient Romania">ancient</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistoric Romania">Prehistoric Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacia" title="Dacia">Dacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Dacia" title="Roman Dacia">Roman Dacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_the_Early_Middle_Ages" title="Romania in the Early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Romania in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Modern Romania">Early Modern Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Principalities_of_Moldavia_and_Wallachia" title="United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia">United Principalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_I" title="Romania in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania" title="Greater Romania">Greater Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_II" title="Romania in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Communist Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanian Revolution">Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Romania_(1989%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Romania (1989–present)">Since 1989</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Romania" title="Geography of Romania">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Romania" title="List of cities and towns in Romania">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Romania" title="Climate of Romania">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Romania" title="Counties of Romania">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Romania" title="List of earthquakes in Romania">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Romania" title="Fauna of Romania">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Romania" title="Flora of Romania">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_regions_of_Romania" title="Historical regions of Romania">Historical regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Romania" title="List of islands of Romania">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Romania" title="List of lakes of Romania">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Romania" title="List of mountains in Romania">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Romania" title="Protected areas of Romania">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Romania" title="List of rivers of Romania">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_Romania" title="Territorial evolution of Romania">Territorial evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topography_of_Romania" title="Topography of Romania">Topography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Romania" title="Politics of Romania">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Romania" title="Administrative divisions of Romania">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Romania" title="Constitution of Romania">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Romania" title="Elections in Romania">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Romania" title="Foreign relations of Romania">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Romania" title="Government of Romania">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Romania" title="Human rights in Romania">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Romania">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Romania" title="Judiciary of Romania">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Law enforcement in Romania">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Armed_Forces" title="Romanian Armed Forces">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Romanian_General_Staff" title="Chief of the Romanian General Staff">Chief of the General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Romania" title="Parliament of Romania">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Romania" title="List of political parties in Romania">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Moldova_and_Romania" title="Unification of Moldova and Romania">Unification with Moldova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Romania" title="Agriculture in Romania">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Romania" title="Energy in Romania">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Romania" title="List of exports of Romania">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment_in_Romania" title="Foreign direct investment in Romania">Foreign investment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade_of_Romania" title="Foreign trade of Romania">Foreign trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Romania" title="Forestry in Romania">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_Romania" title="Great Depression in Romania">Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_of_Romania" title="Industry of Romania">Industry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Romania" title="Automotive industry in Romania">automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_industry_of_Romania" title="Construction industry of Romania">construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_Romania" title="Mining industry of Romania">mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrochemical_industry_in_Romania" title="Petrochemical industry in Romania">petrochemical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_leu" title="Romanian leu">Leu <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Romania" title="National Bank of Romania">National Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Romania" title="Pensions in Romania">Pensions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_property_bubble" title="Romanian property bubble">Property bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Romania" title="Science and technology in Romania">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Services_in_Romania" title="Services in Romania">Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Romania" title="Squatting in Romania">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucharest_Stock_Exchange" title="Bucharest Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Romania">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Romania" title="Tourism in Romania">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Romania" title="Transport in Romania">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Romania" title="Category:Society of Romania">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Romania" title="Crime in Romania">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Romania" title="Demographics of Romania">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Romania" title="Education in Romania">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Romania" title="Healthcare in Romania">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Romania" title="Immigration to Romania">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Romania" title="Languages of Romania">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minorities_in_Romania" title="Minorities in Romania">Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Romania" title="Prostitution in Romania">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Romania" title="Public holidays in Romania">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_Romania" title="Racism in Romania">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_in_Romania" title="Refugees in Romania">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Romania" title="Religion in Romania">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Romania" title="Romani people in Romania">Gypsies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_structure_of_Romania" title="Social structure of Romania">Social structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systematization_(Romania)" title="Systematization (Romania)">Urban planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_in_Romania" title="Welfare in Romania">Welfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Romania" title="Culture of Romania">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Academy" title="Romanian Academy">Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_architecture" title="Romanian architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_art" title="Romanian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Romania" title="Cinema of Romania">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_cuisine" title="Romanian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_wine" title="Romanian wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Romania" title="Flag of Romania">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Romania" title="Folklore of Romania">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_humour" title="Romanian humour">Humour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_literature" title="Romanian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Romania" title="Mass media in Romania">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Romania" title="Music of Romania">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_philosophy" title="Romanian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Romania" title="Sport in Romania">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Romania" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Romania">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Romania" title="Outline of Romania">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Romania" title="Outline of Romania">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Romania" title="Category:Romania">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Romania" title="Portal:Romania">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romanian_nationalism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romanian_nationalism" title="Template:Romanian nationalism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romanian_nationalism" title="Template talk:Romanian nationalism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romanian_nationalism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romanian nationalism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romanian_nationalism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romanian_nationalism" title="Romanian nationalism">Romanian nationalism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ideology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dacianism" title="Dacianism">Dacianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacology" title="Dacology">Dacology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_irredentism" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanian irredentism">Irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legionarism" class="mw-redirect" title="Legionarism">Legionarism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Legionarism" title="Neo-Legionarism">Neo-Legionarism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism_in_Romania" title="National communism in Romania">National communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poporanism" title="Poporanism">Poporanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protochronism" class="mw-redirect" title="Protochronism">Protochronism</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/100px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/150px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/200px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolt_of_Horea,_Clo%C8%99ca_and_Cri%C8%99an" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan">Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Moldavian Revolution of 1848">Moldavian Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallachian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Wallachian Revolution of 1848">Wallachian Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_National_Assembly_of_Alba_Iulia" title="Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia">Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_of_Flowers_(event)" title="Bridge of Flowers (event)">Bridge of Flowers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unifications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Moldavia_and_Wallachia" title="Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia">Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Bessarabia_with_Romania" title="Union of Bessarabia with Romania">Union of Bessarabia with Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Bukovina_with_Romania" title="Union of Bukovina with Romania">Union of Bukovina with Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Transylvania_with_Romania" title="Union of Transylvania with Romania">Union of Transylvania with Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Union" title="Great Union">Great Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania" title="Greater Romania">Greater Romania</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vlad_the_Impaler" title="Vlad the Impaler">Vlad the Impaler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_the_Great" title="Stephen the Great">Stephen the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_the_Brave" title="Michael the Brave">Michael the Brave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Ioan_Cuza" title="Alexandru Ioan Cuza">Alexandru Ioan Cuza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_I_of_Romania" title="Carol I of Romania">Carol I of Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Romania" title="Ferdinand I of Romania">Ferdinand I of Romania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Romania_Party" title="Greater Romania Party">Greater Romania Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Generation_Party_(Romania)" title="New Generation Party (Romania)">New Generation Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noua_Dreapt%C4%83" title="Noua Dreaptă">Noua Dreaptă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Movement_Party" title="People's Movement Party">People's Movement Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Identity_Bloc_in_Europe" title="National Identity Bloc in Europe">National Identity Bloc in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Union_of_Romanians" title="Alliance for the Union of Romanians">Alliance for the Union of Romanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Nationhood_Party" title="Romanian Nationhood Party">Romanian Nationhood Party</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Social Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Socialist_Party_(2003)" title="Romanian Socialist Party (2003)">Romanian Socialist Party (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">National Liberal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Homeland" title="Alliance for the Homeland">Alliance for the Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Village_Party" title="Romanian Village Party">Romanian Village Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S.O.S._Romania" title="S.O.S. Romania">S.O.S. Romania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_National_Party" title="Romanian National Party">Romanian National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Nationalist_Party_(Romania)" title="Democratic Nationalist Party (Romania)">Democratic Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessarabian_Peasants%27_Party" title="Bessarabian Peasants' Party">Bessarabian Peasants' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_Party_(Bukovina)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Union Party (Bukovina)">Democratic Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Italo-Romanian_Cultural_and_Economic_Movement" title="National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement">National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Romanian_Fascio" title="National Romanian Fascio">National Romanian Fascio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania,_1875)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)">National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Communist_Party" title="Romanian Communist Party">Romanian Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Fascist_Movement" title="National Fascist Movement">National Fascist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National-Christian_Defense_League" title="National-Christian Defense League">National-Christian Defense League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Guard" title="Iron Guard">Iron Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party-Br%C4%83tianu" class="mw-redirect" title="National Liberal Party-Brătianu">National Liberal Party-Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Party_(Romania)" title="National Socialist Party (Romania)">National Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_Romanianism" title="Crusade of Romanianism">Crusade of Romanianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Front" title="Romanian Front">Romanian Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_National_Unity_Party" title="Romanian National Unity Party">Romanian National Unity Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Labour" title="Socialist Party of Labour">Socialist Party of Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everything_For_the_Country_Party" title="Everything For the Country Party">Everything For the Country Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_%E2%80%93_Dan_Diaconescu" title="People's Party – Dan Diaconescu">People's Party – Dan Diaconescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Romania_Party" title="United Romania Party">United Romania Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transylvanian_Association_for_Romanian_Literature_and_the_Culture_of_the_Romanian_People" title="Transylvanian Association for Romanian Literature and the Culture of the Romanian People">ASTRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenaclul_Flac%C4%83ra" title="Cenaclul Flacăra">Cenaclul Flacăra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%AEntarea_Rom%C3%A2niei" title="Cîntarea României">Cîntarea României</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junimea" title="Junimea">Junimea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2nt%C4%83_cucu-n_Bucovina" title="Cântă cucu-n Bucovina">Cântă cucu-n Bucovina</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Dac-am_plecat,_Ardealule,_din_tine" title="Dac-am plecat, Ardealule, din tine">Dac-am plecat, Ardealule, din tine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/De%C8%99teapt%C4%83-te,_rom%C3%A2ne!" title="Deșteaptă-te, române!">Deșteaptă-te, române!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Doamne,_ocrote%C8%99te-i_pe_rom%C3%A2ni" title="Doamne, ocrotește-i pe români">Doamne, ocrotește-i pe români</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Drum_bun" title="Drum bun">Drum bun</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hora_Unirii" title="Hora Unirii">Hora Unirii</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pe-al_nostru_steag_e_scris_Unire" title="Pe-al nostru steag e scris Unire">Pe-al nostru steag e scris Unire</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pui_de_lei" title="Pui de lei">Pui de lei</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Trece%C8%9Bi,_batalioane_rom%C3%A2ne,_Carpa%C8%9Bii" title="Treceți, batalioane române, Carpații">Treceți, batalioane române, Carpații</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Trei_culori" title="Trei culori">Trei culori</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Bessarabia,_Romanian_land" title="Bessarabia, Romanian land">Bessarabia, Romanian land</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationalists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Antonescu" title="Ion Antonescu">Ion Antonescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corneliu_Zelea_Codreanu" title="Corneliu Zelea Codreanu">Corneliu Zelea Codreanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Eminescu" title="Mihai Eminescu">Mihai Eminescu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doina_(Eminescu)" title="Doina (Eminescu)">Doina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Iorga" title="Nicolae Iorga">Nicolae Iorga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Petrescu-Comnen" title="Nicolae Petrescu-Comnen">Nicolae Petrescu-Comnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horia_Sima" title="Horia Sima">Horia Sima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corneliu_Vadim_Tudor" title="Corneliu Vadim Tudor">Corneliu Vadim Tudor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aromanian_question" title="Aromanian question">Aromanian question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re-latinization_of_Romanian" title="Re-latinization of Romanian">Re-latinization of Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanianization" title="Romanianization">Romanianization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Romanian_sentiment" title="Anti-Romanian sentiment">Anti-Romanian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessarabian_question" title="Bessarabian question">Bessarabian question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovenism" title="Moldovenism">Moldovenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Moldova_and_Romania" title="Unification of Moldova and Romania">Unification of Moldova and Romania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output 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