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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Early political career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Early_political_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Early political career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Early_political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2002_general_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2002_general_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>2002 general election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2002_general_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Don_Brash_leadership_of_the_National_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Don_Brash_leadership_of_the_National_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Don Brash leadership of the National Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Don_Brash_leadership_of_the_National_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Member_of_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Member_of_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Member of Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Member_of_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_of_Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Minister of Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Hekia Parata</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Min._of_Ed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Min._of_Ed.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="301" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="301" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">45th <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Education_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Education (New Zealand)">Minister of Education</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />12 December 2011 – 2 May 2017</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">John Key</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bill_English" title="Bill English">Bill English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Tolley" title="Anne Tolley">Anne Tolley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Kaye" title="Nikki Kaye">Nikki Kaye</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Minister of Ethnic Affairs</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />8 December 2010 – 13 December 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">John Key</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pansy_Wong" title="Pansy Wong">Pansy Wong</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Judith_Collins" title="Judith Collins">Judith Collins</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament">New Zealand Parliament</a></span><br />for <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">National Party</a> List</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />2008–2017</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1958-11-01</span>) </span>1 November 1958<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 66)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Ruatoria" title="Ruatoria">Ruatoria</a>, New Zealand</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">National Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wira_Gardiner" title="Wira Gardiner">Wira Gardiner</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(died 2022)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Selwyn_Parata" title="Selwyn Parata">Selwyn Parata</a><br />(brother) <p><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Reedy" title="Arnold Reedy">Arnold Reedy</a><br />(grandfather) </p> <a href="/wiki/Tame_Parata" title="Tame Parata">Tame Parata</a> <br />(great-great-grandfather)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence</th><td class="infobox-data label">Wellington</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Waikato" title="University of Waikato">University of Waikato</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Public servant, politician</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Patricia Hekia Parata</b> (born 1 November 1958) is a former New Zealand public servant, diplomat, and politician. </p><p>After a career as a senior public servant, Parata was a member of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="New Zealand House of Representatives">New Zealand House of Representatives</a>, representing the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">National Party</a>, from 2008 until 2017. She served as the Minister of Education in the <a href="/wiki/Fifth_National_Government_of_New_Zealand" title="Fifth National Government of New Zealand">Fifth National Government</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life,_family_and_education"><span id="Early_life.2C_family_and_education"></span>Early life, family and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life, family and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born and raised in <a href="/wiki/Ruatoria" title="Ruatoria">Ruatoria</a>, Parata shares Scottish, Irish, English, <a href="/wiki/Ng%C4%81i_Tahu" title="Ngāi Tahu">Ngāi Tahu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ng%C4%81ti_Porou" title="Ngāti Porou">Ngāti Porou</a> ancestry. She was one of ten children to her mother, Hīria Te Kiekie Reedy of Ngāti Porou. Her maternal grandfather was <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Reedy" title="Arnold Reedy">Arnold Reedy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her father, Ron Parata, was of Ngāi Tahu descent and was raised in <a href="/wiki/Puketeraki" class="mw-redirect" title="Puketeraki">Puketeraki</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Dunedin" title="Dunedin">Dunedin</a>. He served in the <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_Battalion" title="Māori Battalion">Māori Battalion</a> and was a teacher and then principal at Ngata Memorial College in <a href="/wiki/Ruatoria" title="Ruatoria">Ruatoria</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tame_Parata" title="Tame Parata">Tame Parata</a>, a Member of Parliament from 1885 to 1911, was Hekia Parata's great-great-grandfather.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of Parata's sisters, Nori Parata, was the principal at Tolaga Bay Area School.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another sister, Apryll Parata, was a deputy chief executive at the Ministry of Education (although Apryll was first employed in this role prior to Hekia Parata's appointment as Minister of Education).<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her brother is Sir <a href="/wiki/Selwyn_Parata" title="Selwyn Parata">Selwyn Parata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parata attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Waikato" title="University of Waikato">University of Waikato</a>, where she graduated with a Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts in Māori studies.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her thesis, entitled, "Te kiri ka tokia e te anu: ko etahi ahuatanga ki nga kainga o Hiruharama me Te Horo,"<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> explored the role of women and the wharemate (house of mourning) on marae and was written in <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">te reo Māori</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bilingual in Māori and English, Parata moved between the English- and Māori-speaking communities of students and was known as "Hekia" by Māori students and "Trish" by English speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was elected president of the Waikato University Students' Association in 1980, the first Māori woman to hold the role.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She received a distinguished alumni award from the university in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the Springbok rugby tour of 1981 Parata took an active part in protests against the tour, including the protest at Rugby Park in Hamilton, which ended in a pitch invasion that stopped the match. She has stated that was unable to join the pitch invasion due to a plaster cast from the hip following surgery for a netball injury.<sup id="cite_ref-Matthews_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matthews-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parata was a youth representative at the first Hui Taumata held in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, while a Member of Parliament, Parata was a senior executive fellow at the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Kennedy_School" title="Harvard Kennedy School">Kennedy School of Government</a> at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_service_career">Public service career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Public service career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parata started working in the state sector in 1983, first with the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Trade_(New_Zealand)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (New Zealand)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> working on the Latin American and Caribbean desk. Her diplomatic service included a posting in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, she wrote about her feeling that New Zealand's foreign policy at the time exclusively talked about Pakehā New Zealand and did not embrace an "unequivocal New Zealand identity."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She resigned from Foreign Affairs in 1987 and moved to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_the_Environment_(New_Zealand)" title="Ministry for the Environment (New Zealand)">Ministry for the Environment</a>, from which she was immediately seconded to work in <a href="/wiki/Attorney-General_(New_Zealand)" title="Attorney-General (New Zealand)">Attorney-General</a> <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Palmer_(politician)" title="Geoffrey Palmer (politician)">Geoffrey Palmer</a>'s office on <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Waitangi_claims_and_settlements" title="Treaty of Waitangi claims and settlements">Treaty settlements</a> and, thereafter, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Prime Minister of New Zealand">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Lange" title="David Lange">David Lange</a>'s policy advisory group. Her contributions included developing the <a href="/wiki/Principles_of_the_Treaty_of_Waitangi" title="Principles of the Treaty of Waitangi">principles of the Treaty of Waitangi</a> as a public policy tool, <a href="/wiki/Tomorrow%27s_Schools" title="Tomorrow's Schools">Tomorrow's Schools</a> and restructuring the former Department of Maori Affairs into two agencies: the Ministry of Māori Affairs and the Iwi Transition Agency.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parata next worked at the <a href="/wiki/Housing_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Housing New Zealand">New Zealand Housing Corporation</a> before her final public service role, as deputy chief executive of <a href="/wiki/Te_Puni_K%C5%8Dkiri" title="Te Puni Kōkiri">Te Puni Kōkiri</a>, the new Ministry for Māori Development.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was where she first met <a href="/wiki/Wira_Gardiner" title="Wira Gardiner">Wira Gardiner</a>, her future husband, who was then the chief executive.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They both left Te Puni Kōkiri to work as consultants and raise their two daughters, living in Ruatoria. </p><p>In 1997, Parata was appointed by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bolger" title="Jim Bolger">Jim Bolger</a> as a member of the Towards 2000 Taskforce, to "advise the Government on the appropriate "vision", events for the [millennium] celebrations and national projects of lasting public benefit".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also served on the boards of <a href="/wiki/NZ_On_Air" title="NZ On Air">NZ On Air</a> (a broadcasting funding authority)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Ngai Tahu Development Corporation. In 2001, Parata was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Māori Television">Māori Television</a> Service Board.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She resigned within two months, reportedly blaming a "lack of funding" for the new Māori TV channel.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversies">Controversies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parata's name was connected to an investigation by the <a href="/wiki/State_Services_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="State Services Commissioner">State Services Commissioner</a> <a href="/wiki/Don_Hunn" title="Don Hunn">Don Hunn</a> into the improper use of public funds in the purchase of two vehicles for her partner (and at that time Te Puni Kōkiri chief executive) <a href="/wiki/Wira_Gardiner" title="Wira Gardiner">Wira Gardiner</a> in 1995. Parata's name was on the purchase orders issued by the Ministry, although it eventually became known that the cars were paid by and for Mr Gardiner at the time of purchase. The investigation cleared both Gardiner and Parata of any illegal activity, and the cars were returned to the Ministry for re-sale at a Government auction.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parata's consultancy firm was contracted to recommend the best options for providing "ongoing high quality Māori advice" to Chief Executive <a href="/wiki/Christine_Rankin" title="Christine Rankin">Christine Rankin</a> and senior managers at the Department of Work and Income in 1999, at a cost of $207,500. The expenditure was criticised by Green MP <a href="/wiki/Rod_Donald" title="Rod Donald">Rod Donald</a>, as the <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a> unemployment rate rose during this period from 27 to 29%.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The firm also attracted controversy when National MP <a href="/wiki/Murray_McCully" title="Murray McCully">Murray McCully</a> criticised the spending of $240,000 by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economic_Development_(New_Zealand)" title="Ministry of Economic Development (New Zealand)">Ministry of Economic Development</a> for training courses on the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Waitangi" title="Treaty of Waitangi">Treaty of Waitangi</a> run by the company in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_political_career">Early political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2002_general_election">2002 general election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2002 general election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parata joined the National Party in August 2001 and was selected as the National Party candidate for the Wellington Central electorate that December for the <a href="/wiki/2002_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2002 New Zealand general election">2002 general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GE2002_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GE2002-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first time National had run a candidate in the electorate since 1996. The campaign was managed by Parata's husband, Wira Gardiner, whose first wife <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Gardiner" title="Pauline Gardiner">Pauline</a> had been the MP for <a href="/wiki/Wellington-Karori" title="Wellington-Karori">a previous central Wellington electorate</a>. Wira Gardiner had also been National's Māori vice president.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Receiving 10,725 votes, she came second to incumbent Labour MP <a href="/wiki/Marian_Hobbs" title="Marian Hobbs">Marian Hobbs</a> by 4,181 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Parata had been ranked highly on the party list, at 15, the National Party's 20.93% result meant that she did not enter Parliament as a list MP, although she was first in line if one had retired during the term. </p><p>Parata wrote a chapter describing her experience as the candidate in <i>New Zealand Votes: the General Election of 2002</i>, a review of the election. In it, she described her disappointment with the superficiality of candidates' debates and with the abuse she received from members of the public.<sup id="cite_ref-GE2002_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GE2002-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Don_Brash_leadership_of_the_National_Party">Don Brash leadership of the National Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Don Brash leadership of the National Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Orewa_Speech" title="Orewa Speech">Orewa Speech</a></div> <p>In a speech given by the National Party leader <a href="/wiki/Don_Brash" title="Don Brash">Don Brash</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Orewa" title="Orewa">Orewa</a> <a href="/wiki/Rotary_International" title="Rotary International">Rotary</a> Club on 27 January 2004, he spoke on the perceived "Māori racial <a href="/wiki/Separatism" title="Separatism">separatism</a>" in New Zealand. The speech, while being suggested as the main reason for a major surge in public support for the National Party (after their 2002 election provided the party's worst ever result), was displeasing to Parata and other Māori members of the National Party. Parata was reported as saying "this is taking the party back to the past. The views expressed [in the speech] marginalise New Zealand into a small island of rednecks".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an opinion published by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Post_(New_Zealand_newspaper)" title="The Post (New Zealand newspaper)">The Dominion Post</a></i> on 29 January 2004, Parata wrote, "I am ashamed to have stood for a party that has departed so far from its founding principles," arguing that Brash confuses Māori ethnicity with Māori culture and that Māori rights are based on iwi rights, not on race. She also argued for the protection of indigenous Māori culture.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite these criticisms, Parata did not leave National, although she did not run again for National until 2008, after Brash had been replaced as leader by <a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">John Key</a>. </p><p>Parata's husband Wira Gardiner described the situation for him and Parata during this period in a 2008 interview: "We seriously contemplated whether the National Party was ever going to be the party for us...but in the end we didn't abandon it, we just went to sleep for a while."<sup id="cite_ref-nzherald.co.nz_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nzherald.co.nz-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reflecting back on this period in 2010, Parata said: "I didn't consider them wilderness years; I had a particular disagreement with a particular person and his outlook at the time."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Member_of_Parliament">Member of Parliament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Member of Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width: 470px; float: right; margin-left:1em; margin-right: 0; border: 4; cellpadding: 2; cellspacing: 0;"> <caption><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-0000003D-QINU`"'</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:var(--color-base,#202122)">New Zealand Parliament</span></a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="width: 125px;">Years </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 35px;">Term </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 125px;">Electorate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 35px;">List </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 150px;">Party </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2008_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2008 New Zealand general election">2008</a>–2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/49th_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="49th New Zealand Parliament">49th</a> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Party_lists_in_the_2008_New_Zealand_general_election#National_Party" title="Party lists in the 2008 New Zealand general election">List</a> </td> <td>36 </td> <td style="background-color:#00529F; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">National</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2011_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2011 New Zealand general election">2011</a>–2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/50th_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="50th New Zealand Parliament">50th</a> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Party_lists_in_the_2011_New_Zealand_general_election#National_Party" title="Party lists in the 2011 New Zealand general election">List</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td style="background-color:#00529F; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">National</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2014_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2014 New Zealand general election">2014</a>–2017 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/51st_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="51st New Zealand Parliament">51st</a> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Party_lists_in_the_2011_New_Zealand_general_election#National_Party" title="Party lists in the 2011 New Zealand general election">List</a> </td> <td>7 </td> <td style="background-color:#00529F; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">National</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><p>Having neither appeared as a candidate for an electorate, nor on the National Party list for the <a href="/wiki/2005_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2005 New Zealand general election">2005 general election</a>, Parata returned to politics, being selected as the National Party candidate in the Mana electorate for the 2008 election.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although losing to the incumbent Labour MP Luamanuvao <a href="/wiki/Winnie_Laban" title="Winnie Laban">Winnie Laban</a>, she performed better than the National Party candidate in the 2005 election, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Finlayson" title="Chris Finlayson">Chris Finlayson</a>, as well as an increased party vote percentage from three years previously.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In spite of the electorate result, Parata was elected to Parliament as a list MP, having been ranked 36 on the National Party list.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In her <a href="/wiki/Maiden_speech" title="Maiden speech">maiden speech</a>, Parata alluded to her great-great-grandfather <a href="/wiki/Tame_Parata" title="Tame Parata">Tame Parata</a>, who was an MP in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Maori" title="Southern Maori">Southern Māori</a> electorate for the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Liberal_Party" title="New Zealand Liberal Party">Liberal Party</a> from 1885 to 1911, in addition to her tupuna (ancestor) <a href="/wiki/%C4%80pirana_Ngata" title="Āpirana Ngata">Āpirana Ngata</a>: </p> <dl><dd>"I enter Parliament and begin this phase of my public service journey proud to follow in the footsteps of these ancestors in the pursuit of quality citizenship for all. They provide a model that I am glad to emulate: unambiguously Ngati Porou and Ngai Tahu; unequivocally a New Zealander...As I stand before you today, I am at once conscious of the weight of history and expectation that press upon me, and the lightness of possibilities that beckon. I am familiar with this dichotomy – I have grown up in a culture that walks through the present, with the constant companions of the past and the future."</dd></dl> <p>In her first term, Parata was a member of the Māori affairs committee, the <a href="/wiki/Emissions_Trading_Scheme_Review_Committee" title="Emissions Trading Scheme Review Committee">Emissions Trading Scheme review committee</a>, and the electoral legislation committee. She was also deputy chair of the social services committee.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 August 2010, Labour MP Luamanuvao <a href="/wiki/Winnie_Laban" title="Winnie Laban">Winnie Laban</a> announced that she would resign from Parliament to take up a position as an assistant vice-chancellor at <a href="/wiki/Victoria_University_of_Wellington" title="Victoria University of Wellington">Victoria University of Wellington</a>, leading to <a href="/wiki/2010_Mana_by-election" title="2010 Mana by-election">a by-election in the Mana electorate</a>. Parata was the sole candidate for the National Party, winning the nomination without contest.<sup id="cite_ref-parata_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parata-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the by-election on 20 November 2011, she received 41% of all votes cast, an increase of 6% from her performance in the 2008 general election. Although she lost to <a href="/wiki/Kris_Faafoi" title="Kris Faafoi">Kris Faafoi</a> by 1406 votes,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the result was seen as a strong performance from Parata.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the by-election, on 6 December 2010, Prime Minister John Key announced Parata would take over the Cabinet positions formerly held by <a href="/wiki/Pansy_Wong" title="Pansy Wong">Pansy Wong</a>, who had resigned after a scandal emerged involving the use of taxpayer funded travel the month before.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parata was appointed <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Women_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister for Women (New Zealand)">Minister for Women's Affairs</a> and Ethnic Affairs, and associate minister for energy and resources, <a href="/wiki/Accident_Compensation_Corporation" title="Accident Compensation Corporation">ACC</a>, and the community and voluntary sector.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2011, Parata became the acting Minister of Energy and Resources, relieving <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Brownlee" title="Gerry Brownlee">Gerry Brownlee</a> to concentrate on his role as Minister for Canterbury Earthquake Recovery after the <a href="/wiki/2011_Christchurch_earthquake" title="2011 Christchurch earthquake">2011 Christchurch earthquake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parata recontested the Mana electorate in 2011 and 2014, losing to Faafoi both times.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-electorate-status_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-electorate-status-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, she was re-elected on the National Party list.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Education_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Education (New Zealand)">Minister of Education</a> for five-and-a-half years in the second and third terms of the Fifth National Government. She was also <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Pacific_Peoples" title="Minister for Pacific Peoples">Minister for Pacific Island Affairs</a> from 2011 to 2014. Parata announced she would retire in October 2016 and continued in the Cabinet until 2 May 2017, leaving Parliament at the <a href="/wiki/2017_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2017 New Zealand general election">September 2017 general election</a>. In her final months as a parliamentarian, she was a member of the foreign affairs, defence and trade committee and the social services committee.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Minister_of_Education">Minister of Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Minister of Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parata was appointed as Minister of Education following the 2011 general election,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> succeeding <a href="/wiki/Anne_Tolley" title="Anne Tolley">Anne Tolley</a>. This was the role, she later said, which was the reason she ran for Parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was expected to implement the National Government's plans to improve the quality of teaching and shake up the sector, but got into difficulty almost immediately. She introduced proposals to increase class sizes, leading to claims that it would cause some intermediate schools to lose up to nine teachers.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of intense public backlash over the issue, the plan was abandoned soon after it was introduced.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parata also had to negotiate the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Charter_schools_in_New_Zealand" title="Charter schools in New Zealand">charter schools</a> as part of National's confidence-and-supply agreements with <a href="/wiki/John_Banks_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="John Banks (New Zealand politician)">John Banks</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Seymour" title="David Seymour">David Seymour</a>, which was opposed by much of the existing education sector.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2012, she announced that she planned to close or merge 31 schools in <a href="/wiki/Christchurch" title="Christchurch">Christchurch</a> and the surrounding Waimakariri and Selwyn districts. Twenty-two of the schools said the information on which the Ministry based its decision to justify the proposed closures was incorrect.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2013, Parata confirmed the Government would close seven Christchurch schools due to falling roll numbers and earthquake damage, in addition to two that had already closed voluntarily.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twelve schools would also be merged into six. </p><p>Each of these proposals was met with staunch opposition from affected parties and led to media speculation about Parata's performance and abilities.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Educational_Institute" title="New Zealand Educational Institute">New Zealand Educational Institute</a> (NZEI) which represents primary school teachers, said she was "living in a fantasy world".<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parata also oversaw the introduction of the controversial <a href="/wiki/Novopay" title="Novopay">Novopay</a> payroll system which cost $30 million and was supposed to streamline payments to teachers and school staff.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had the opposite effect – with thousands of teachers receiving either too much, too little or not being paid at all. It was later revealed that the Ministry had spent $650,000 trialling the system. It was rolled out nationally even though more than half of the 731 trial-users felt they were not ready for the system to go live.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along the way, Parata fell out with newly recruited education secretary Lesley Longstone, who was forced to resign over the debacle.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were calls for Parata to follow suit.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, <a href="/wiki/Stuff_(company)" title="Stuff (company)">Fairfax Media</a> revealed 'internal office tensions' among her staff; several private secretaries and a senior adviser left her office in the Beehive. Her senior private secretary resigned just before Christmas and the advisor was only two months into a two-year secondment. At least one Beehive staff member issued a personal grievance claim.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New Zealand Herald commentator Audrey Young wrote, "Parata came in with high expectations about how to lift student achievement, but an unrealistic view of what the Ministry of Education was capable of doing". She believed Parata was ill-prepared for the role as Education Minister, pointing out that she had never spent even one day in opposition – let alone as opposition spokesperson for education.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was also criticised for a reliance on jargon and obfuscation.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After surviving a Cabinet reshuffle in January 2013 that saw two of her ministerial colleagues dumped, Parata said she had made "one or two mistakes".<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">John Key</a> removed responsibility for managing the Novopay system from Parata, giving that job to <a href="/wiki/Steven_Joyce" title="Steven Joyce">Steven Joyce</a>. Political commentator Bryce Edwards suggested she only kept her job because she was a "relatively attractive... Māori woman".<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A One News Colmar Brunton poll in February 2013 saw 59% of those surveyed believed the Prime Minister made the wrong decision by keeping Parata on.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, she was retained as Minister of Education after the 2014 election.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2016, Parata announced that she would not seek reelection at the 2017 election and would retire from politics.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political obituaries described her as having "risen from the ashes" of her earlier tenure as education minister, lauding her for the improvement in the rate of Māori and Pasifika students obtaining NCEA level 2.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commentators also praised her work to encourage schools to work more collaboratively with one another through the establishment of "communities of learning"<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and her introduction of legislation modernising students' access to online education.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also began the work to replace the <a href="/wiki/Socioeconomic_decile" title="Socioeconomic decile">socioeconomic decile</a> school funding system with an <a href="/wiki/Equity_Index_(New_Zealand)" title="Equity Index (New Zealand)">equity index</a> involving predictive risk modelling, which was completed under the <a href="/wiki/Sixth_Labour_Government_of_New_Zealand" title="Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand">Sixth Labour Government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Parata resigned as Minister of Education on 2 May 2017 ahead of her retirement and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Nikki_Kaye" title="Nikki Kaye">Nikki Kaye</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After leaving Parliament, Parata returned to the East Coast. She was appointed by the subsequent Labour Government to two inquiries. On 5 December 2022, she was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Commission_of_Inquiry" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Commission of Inquiry">Royal Commission of Inquiry</a> into the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="New Zealand government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 response</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2023, she was appointed to lead a ministerial inquiry into forestry land use, following <a href="/wiki/Cyclone_Gabrielle" title="Cyclone Gabrielle">Cyclone Gabrielle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The forestry inquiry was submitted to ministers in May 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Parata resigned from the COVID-19 inquiry in November 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parata was married to former professional soldier, senior public servant and author <a href="/wiki/Wira_Gardiner" title="Wira Gardiner">Wira Gardiner</a>. Since Wira received his knighthood in 2008, Parata has been able to use the official style <b>Lady Gardiner</b>, however she rarely does so. Parata and Gardiner met while they worked together at the Ministry of Māori Development, Te Puni Kōkiri.<sup id="cite_ref-nzherald.co.nz_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nzherald.co.nz-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have two children together and three stepchildren from Gardiner's previous marriage to former MP <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Gardiner" title="Pauline Gardiner">Pauline Gardiner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFParata2008" class="citation web cs1">Parata, Hekia (9 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150210102517/https://www.national.org.nz/news/news/media-releases/detail/2008/12/31/hekia-parata-maiden-statements-9-december-2008">"Maiden statements"</a>. New Zealand National Party. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.national.org.nz/news/news/media-releases/detail/2008/12/31/hekia-parata-maiden-statements-9-december-2008">the original</a> on 10 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newshub.co.nz/nznews/education-changes--bigger-classes-performance-pay-2012051608">the original</a> on 24 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=3+News+NZ&rft.atitle=Education+changes%3A+bigger+classes%2C+performance+pay&rft.date=2012-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newshub.co.nz%2Fnznews%2Feducation-changes--bigger-classes-performance-pay-2012051608&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHekia+Parata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10855399">"Govt spent more than $1m on consultants for Novopay system"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Zealand_Herald" title="The New Zealand Herald">The New Zealand Herald</a></i>. 20 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191225171004/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10855399">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://environment.govt.nz/what-government-is-doing/areas-of-work/land/ministerial-inquiry-into-land-use/">the original</a> on 28 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ministry+for+the+Environment&rft.atitle=Ministerial+Inquiry+into+Land+Use&rft.date=2023-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenvironment.govt.nz%2Fwhat-government-is-doing%2Fareas-of-work%2Fland%2Fministerial-inquiry-into-land-use%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHekia+Parata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheng2023" class="citation news cs1">Cheng, Derek (27 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/politics/fate-of-covid-19-response-inquiry-falls-to-acts-brooke-van-velden-as-commissioner-resigns-terms-of-reference-to-be-widened/LZZ7GW3M4VAZXOZWMRTUW4VMAY/">"Fate of Covid-19 response inquiry falls to Act's Brooke van Velden as commissioner resigns"</a>. <i>The New Zealand Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Zealand+Herald&rft.atitle=Fate+of+Covid-19+response+inquiry+falls+to+Act%27s+Brooke+van+Velden+as+commissioner+resigns&rft.date=2023-11-27&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Fnz%2Fpolitics%2Ffate-of-covid-19-response-inquiry-falls-to-acts-brooke-van-velden-as-commissioner-resigns-terms-of-reference-to-be-widened%2FLZZ7GW3M4VAZXOZWMRTUW4VMAY%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHekia+Parata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.police.govt.nz/news/release/22388.html">"Outstanding leader graduates from Police College"</a> (Press release). New Zealand Police. 17 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Outstanding+leader+graduates+from+Police+College&rft.pub=New+Zealand+Police&rft.date=2010-02-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.police.govt.nz%2Fnews%2Frelease%2F22388.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHekia+Parata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hekia_Parata&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hekiaparata.co.nz/">Hekia Parata MP</a> official site</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.national.org.nz/MP.aspx?Id=47458">Profile</a> at National Party</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parliament.nz/en/MPs/9/4/e/50MP169861-Parata-Hekia.htm">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament">New Zealand Parliament</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beehive.govt.nz/minister/hekia-parata">Releases and speeches</a> at Beehive.govt.nz</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kiwiblog.co.nz/2008/12/hekia_paratas_maiden_speech.html">Maiden speech</a> (via Kiwiblog)</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pansy_Wong" title="Pansy Wong">Pansy Wong</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Minister of Ethnic Affairs </b><br />2010–2011 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Judith_Collins" title="Judith Collins">Judith Collins</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Women_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister for Women (New Zealand)">Minister of Women's Affairs</a> </b><br />2010–2011 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jo_Goodhew" title="Jo Goodhew">Jo Goodhew</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Tolley" title="Anne Tolley">Anne Tolley</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Education_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Education (New Zealand)">Minister of Education</a> </b><br />2011–2017 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Kaye" title="Nikki Kaye">Nikki Kaye</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fifth_National_Government_of_New_Zealand437" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background: #CCDDFF;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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<li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Bennett" title="Paula Bennett">Paula Bennett</a> <i>(2016–2017)</i> <i><b>(<a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand">Deputy Prime Minister</a>)</b></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="699" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">National Party</a> <small><i>(main)</i></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Future" title="United Future">United Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACT_New_Zealand" title="ACT New Zealand">ACT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Māori Party">Māori Party</a> <small><i>(confidence and supply)</i></small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">John Key</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bill_English" title="Bill English">Bill English</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Bennett" title="Paula Bennett">Paula Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Joyce" title="Steven Joyce">Steven Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Brownlee" title="Gerry Brownlee">Gerry Brownlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Power_(politician)" title="Simon Power (politician)">Simon Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Bridges" title="Simon Bridges">Simon Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Collins" title="Judith Collins">Judith Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Ryall" title="Tony Ryall">Tony Ryall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Smith_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="Nick Smith (New Zealand politician)">Nick Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Tolley" title="Anne Tolley">Anne Tolley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Finlayson" title="Chris Finlayson">Chris Finlayson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Woodhouse" title="Michael Woodhouse">Michael Woodhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_McCully" title="Murray McCully">Murray McCully</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Carter_(politician)" title="David Carter (politician)">David Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Groser" title="Tim Groser">Tim Groser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Mapp" title="Wayne Mapp">Wayne Mapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgina_te_Heuheu" title="Georgina te Heuheu">Georgina te Heuheu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Heatley" title="Phil Heatley">Phil Heatley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Wilkinson_(politician)" title="Kate Wilkinson (politician)">Kate Wilkinson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hekia Parata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Guy" title="Nathan Guy">Nathan Guy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Coleman_(politician)" title="Jonathan Coleman (politician)">Jonathan Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pansy_Wong" title="Pansy Wong">Pansy Wong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Adams_(politician)" title="Amy Adams (politician)">Amy Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Foss" title="Craig Foss">Craig Foss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikki_Kaye" title="Nikki Kaye">Nikki Kaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_McClay" title="Todd McClay">Todd McClay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Lotu-Iiga" title="Sam Lotu-Iiga">Sam Lotu-Iiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Barry" title="Maggie Barry">Maggie Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Goldsmith_(politician)" title="Paul Goldsmith (politician)">Paul Goldsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Upston" title="Louise Upston">Louise Upston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Ngaro" title="Alfred Ngaro">Alfred Ngaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Mitchell_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="Mark Mitchell (New Zealand politician)">Mark Mitchell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-<br />Cabinet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Williamson" title="Maurice Williamson">Maurice Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Worth" title="Richard Worth">Richard Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Goodhew" title="Jo Goodhew">Jo Goodhew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_Borrows" title="Chester Borrows">Chester Borrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicky_Wagner" title="Nicky Wagner">Nicky Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqui_Dean" title="Jacqui Dean">Jacqui Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Bennett_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="David Bennett (New Zealand politician)">David Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Macindoe" title="Tim Macindoe">Tim Macindoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Simpson_(politician)" title="Scott Simpson (politician)">Scott Simpson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ACT</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Rodney_Hide" title="Rodney Hide">Rodney Hide</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Roy" title="Heather Roy">Heather Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boscawen" title="John Boscawen">John Boscawen</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Banks_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="John Banks (New Zealand politician)">John Banks</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Future</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_Dunne" title="Peter Dunne">Peter Dunne</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Māori Party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Tariana_Turia" title="Tariana Turia">Tariana Turia</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pita_Sharples" title="Pita Sharples">Pita Sharples</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Te_Ururoa_Flavell" title="Te Ururoa Flavell">Te Ururoa Flavell</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary <br /> leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lockwood_Smith" title="Lockwood Smith">Lockwood Smith</a> <i>(2008–2013)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Carter_(politician)" title="David Carter (politician)">David Carter</a> <i>(2013–2017)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(New_Zealand)" title="Leader of the House (New Zealand)">Leader of the House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Brownlee" title="Gerry Brownlee">Gerry Brownlee</a> <i>(2008–2017)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Bridges" title="Simon Bridges">Simon Bridges</a> <i>(2017)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chief Government Whip</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Guy" title="Nathan Guy">Nathan Guy</a> <i>(2008–2009)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Tremain" title="Chris Tremain">Chris Tremain</a> <i>(2009–2011)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Woodhouse" title="Michael Woodhouse">Michael Woodhouse</a> <i>(2011–2013)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Upston" title="Louise Upston">Louise Upston</a> <i>(2013–2014)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Macindoe" title="Tim Macindoe">Tim Macindoe</a> <i>(2014–2017)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jami-Lee_Ross" title="Jami-Lee Ross">Jami-Lee Ross</a> <i>(2017)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Zealand" title="Elections in New Zealand">Elections</a> <br /> <i>(<a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament">parliaments</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2008 New Zealand general election">2008</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/49th_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="49th New Zealand Parliament">49th</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2011 New Zealand general election">2011</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/50th_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="50th New Zealand Parliament">50th</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2014 New Zealand general election">2014</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/51st_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="51st New Zealand Parliament">51st</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2017 New Zealand general election">2017</a> <small>(defeated)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Significant <br /> policies <br /> and events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_New_Zealand_asset_sales_referendum" title="2013 New Zealand asset sales referendum">Partial privatisation of state-owned enterprises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Fast_Broadband" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra-Fast Broadband">Ultra-Fast Broadband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_New_Zealand_flag_referendums" title="2015–2016 New Zealand flag referendums">Flag referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">Financial crisis of 2007–2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Canterbury_earthquake" title="2010 Canterbury earthquake">2010</a> and <a href="/wiki/2011_Christchurch_earthquake" title="2011 Christchurch earthquake">2011 earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auckland_Council" title="Auckland Council">Creation of Auckland Super-City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_River_Mine_disaster" title="Pike River Mine disaster">Pike River Mine disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_(Definition_of_Marriage)_Amendment_Act_2013" title="Marriage (Definition of Marriage) Amendment Act 2013">Legalisation of same-sex marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Rugby_World_Cup" title="2011 Rugby World Cup">2011 Rugby World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Cricket_World_Cup" title="2015 Cricket World Cup">2015 Cricket World Cup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">Governor-General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anand_Satyanand" title="Anand Satyanand">Sir Anand Satyanand</a> <i>(2008–2011)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Mateparae" title="Jerry Mateparae">Sir Jerry Mateparae</a> <i>(2011–2016)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Reddy" title="Patsy Reddy">Dame Patsy Reddy</a> <i>(2016–2017)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_New_Zealand" title="Chief Justice of New Zealand">Chief Justice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sian_Elias" title="Sian Elias">Dame Sian Elias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(New_Zealand)" title="Leader of the Opposition (New Zealand)">Leader of the Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Goff" title="Phil Goff">Phil Goff</a> <i>(2008–2011)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Shearer" title="David Shearer">David Shearer</a> <i>(2011–2013)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cunliffe" title="David Cunliffe">David Cunliffe</a> <i>(2013–2014)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Little_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="Andrew Little (New Zealand politician)">Andrew Little</a> <i>(2014–2017)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Jacinda Ardern</a> <i>(2017)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><i><b>2008–2017</b></i></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Labour_Government_of_New_Zealand" title="Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand"> ← Fifth Labour Government </a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Labour_Government_of_New_Zealand" title="Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand"> Sixth Labour Government → </a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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