CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '917719d86f3487f3',cH: 'zMlOXInOwJIbCmoG5zZaHso8qZVXMEB7LzzHgXXKU1I-1740480275-1.2.1.1-69qD509Rw86.yhf8jgAylHyGqhRxq97dSrKm36QiUl0vTwnnMR3eVFyyuJPxE1tR',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=informed%20guessing&__cf_chl_tk=ezzjPWEEfRMc6d2Yzj8tHYheRx8pGGkYbnOeViLTdvs-1740480275-1.0.1.1-jV6y4bTSQNVBtWkNwJ_xmbIQJ.dS3veIYc0XI00kkmQ",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740480275',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=informed%20guessing&__cf_chl_f_tk=ezzjPWEEfRMc6d2Yzj8tHYheRx8pGGkYbnOeViLTdvs-1740480275-1.0.1.1-jV6y4bTSQNVBtWkNwJ_xmbIQJ.dS3veIYc0XI00kkmQ",md: "hEH0j4c23WG3..ZEySBdbs.t8sGgXxwzuJC5v9igm8U-1740480275-1.2.1.1-Z8.JTTjlnXxpwhiPVr9_pS82YOnFPvdLlUMUljK101_aNoLC5Fm26dOKxrq861TsTnYZfkjFrzqIwwHV296vWBHZ6KmDPPbFQQ05wmrLRKvuFuq4ISLg6.f_ewrw8zqugROpMsGPyKNZTd1K1FLejN9gg12nEMepeqDEqm0hH.ha8Zu3SQ7yQtD4lEGShpW8UBjbJS_nM7Vnw8PRjhRdZ3X.RuGjXKVf80dLp_e506efImALFe0EELpelTbc0UScu4ZAkBTPFr69B.QPDxIXAhqcItLo7aMqYKsyVs8J2go8pSAl5bZd37K.1z44EBvoqB_B6KQwJ3zCj1yAlbPc6gZjQBVGyGvHth5aPb405IIjw96lx6TJHi54v9UZOhaqz69M3Ylu21KoxEpmV4299hDIYc.x9O7w1TmDL2ARuB.srVQEsUkP0C83TEd8fcaTKP3HlZ3xnl_N1rgZACC4Q010oWnw24SM1UcgykdSZX.g_OerBFGoKxWBwU7jtdGsf_tFR_QWJfLvkYH54FEm6ifWS.ga.2zI0VtF819ot16jBZWB_OKBCL2cqxRW61_PdKqcWpH0Rv6Db5rle8Dqvy8TnZ3QNYUroUU1.kVIZJW9Vsjor8KOpvmHCTUsYTR8OK1om.F0qwUPHf83Eo_3GKDBKI4VEC5fWKQ0rtMqoWw6wlFU5iNoeJfaazMcvWYkHGI0_2mkjrdFfIQ.7mJxnr_MbEdKfvjlyZWsM3NKiOek4V8VDUgP8wZxkUn0POpdcXenoRqBc61kejFi4AqEqd9StxwN1t0GCeQ4YlfD9HqW8xaPR.VeUCO6tzTIZlyZ5tc0phnnmv.HMYos1vsRfX2icRVIEV.OoUbDeHqnGAmwQYZYqTCcve28g7STRu..Ol.XzQPAgB3c09tKsFZS0MUJOB8o.4yms28aYyhXiFzNqPiNCxYz2USyj97oXNlBR.G5Utj37aATVPdEhAsn_WSiDrHO.mA3ZjVmPfnOyhRMISxSY6QJKgMbY5DaQmedJj3fYLMT3JJ5_jGLqcpwWQbtoS_zIlJRLOuZa5kLCB9CejDIXcWkwZ7pnuRArkFSRROoVpEiPiMnI8VcB8eaZwToRGgf.8adJGDsiR14vq7iXeZcLt6RQWqHz7kbEg6eb2dC6JLw98jEO_G8YxWSizwKDfMgmCa0zYxJs8zotH8fcnqBXrZcWGCiTAKE7AcJARjT2ztHehNeOiuX33nGg5YXC2Z2ExgbQEzNXTFJ92vPdRfGLoJBTOKSJJnflfH2X5.IAOe1_DIZJNqffasE9v2w.lXJU2ASN0IOUDqVSkmXrhIWIF4YJH4oiZeoIccU1q.LNvPgqwrtuOJZhSu05LQ6CokAJXjoWb9oDyVO5fSititj4h.U.UOwpm6tlMn3k2cW367KgiSeslnqmRIJzw5lU_mNGbmbXUz3MIXIxIR014T4P7THpotOiOlVVXCK7R3_.n0VlF9PTJbdyXhxIcaAhzNdAYtFdJ6znvf0RpX7GYyVRLJ3IP6ecvl8i.KW4PwFGdTLphibAalXTdDP92moXrK6vs841yZxy0vZTYXLCFw7_h9viuT2XMazoqHDKIbGzQ_B8wWtiDxAYsfl1jM489HOTuFvxTYoPpJGHsF5qNdHzdpJnMl25s7G7uJxM8Fo6qEqDm46LEjVXBGhQMAjzDokYarGjNlZcnkMl7248hg2ssKI3uXkaKPDFx_Rwx1YMqJ_sv6URRRnDS3W3ij5rbjwOnhV53UNYuhbqqJWS_RdSbAgQyc3c61lelUFjqNMLq_t3dmAA9c8wM.x3N.ktTvbRxmate5xRbsT641E.hhPMBbnFPJuHy3G_boJcgAtb1HR3_Cc5rXp5S09_BWxLAjjk2_9k5XyhODD5kLMHpMFjHtmMvRQ3KO3OkZUTIg8eCzrUwz76Q37uIwRnDtR9NfniVL4q9wP5aLaQck",mdrd: "bLQlh2_G1dOC3sS._Wv5u.wr.ipN859SbLZcGsRiIB0-1740480275-1.2.1.1-PkJXFJ_rxuIs_BBTD5WkPpoJmrFZrlY3jUcZWFagmtSSPIvsgg3XLgFd4Iq7XumzW3HA4lHSBqYJ6Ckt8_M3BctbzGUnRshjPnvK51J52weDzz1wneD_znslfmkpCh4HaUDI0jG6nER2qrVTp_UrU3QKzVcs5n_s1eRZN8m.0g8DaDoc._gIt_h93fUPVHdJB9UKcQh.jsuIYUKO25K0Lsb.Q.snyUSbxua0jq6_EHdO4ZMLckyVGxJcVZctYOLyp8x2fK6EG6.hpZV9SJcKQadKKqF6yP.EZmowr.8orRI_kmQ.uCG54qzCprYHfMa7eWurcK7AehKlHKv9aq0T4X3m2Cyz0G8Xm.odOwLTddajPrkUoWvJwn1oOtFsk7xkt.m7m1FrjBOH5NMfARnZOZN71c_sQBXEk39Wk3nbIoEpSp9.gtVCEJTz2Yn8DPyQ2gPbWB0FnX7JY0YBbbDDl8rarmRPdv4p_DsBWX.4VnYRiQQur4YNOAGbYAxw5vZd8E.zhd_tMIqKnF21IFwECpCqvx5bO4B10UTeacpCBm0yP_pAr6TYu9txRSDSQvKuZ7b2RAdoGfO8dOryiHmUmoLurKygTAwFw0VD44ovCQz853C8xd7AtcPoQNgUB52CZf1DwvpFZRickmEuRhfrIRWwPf5TgnBXhcRB7arURPz5wURb2UmQ5lay_oDKq8JIBOchdYedhdpDGTa_c.aX1nDhB6TLHPa5cBs_GMSUJjE7OZSKMjkBHiuGJg8drAnML.4ViFGala3yWyT9A.Q_xNagi8DWafD5AMC3L4D3FkfpVfBY_G6P4K1jU8q5YTMo_ZhN5ziZFi.mx_7.hLb7.8YN91_XI52hNFBbrZ6T3UgD07rUtyAxPC1o74uC5gGT81yWFJDYWqOuXKM_6TE0Clsp8_Kq.DyIwUTPRaJPY4DJ8x.DYMcu1ZLWFIWbRUt8pq2SPyfL4IQuUcZyhHwUXqC1CsqYQrFJcGHHsesxyzOoqHKOaMeolX4b3XpveOXAkVqMhD4tAAkxQ1.eOBDLiikU4mTTNne12UDiW.MKhzmnRLkWYcWx1SnkFkntcm3MB0mHG7lGBdeOzTMM1Mywx_NQZ9Yh.Sda_QhLGUagywdpRYiOZF0rsWaVe.brFiMHkP_gerdk.mXUjabUZ4JxJIs8gyYKwty3YVaq773N2jvC.U1KpmirmhKpbTD4JuiFuzykYCQ0VIcz43SjPH83UhGRywlLf5_8zL19kJdp_Rz7oRK6BvUEYYCI5ovMBXJ9u_NwkApZ2aTfLLOhAuGqsEW9QQsUeQy.pW8Mbj4SehYAWgloawP9xEWwDdbN1bGFaqMvzjAAGr6b9Di2KO6sP1zGGY9WXJXxD8gGafNRlXfq98Vaoe9S5J4teFQKhQ5pJkbIOAvEDhfxfRe7aRzZIz1Dhe0TsPAW4mvZHtaqqwDh3xrnVRD.GZMzb2aFbfTkRyKLE4qSA6YhPrm9HJx2Wv9Rz3XGX.AGoMjl75To7VJOXBUrzFoGx_xYnJ1juRs0wEoGDgklTcF.YuWZStgHHvhQEmB8jtH2.0SwcLi.34bC6ZZOLXHY4diu8.4qrhKESIz8TCX79yJVC1xqiAMCtVqChHS_lC2hXfXVW6YuHpZrVXoHNm7GcUFvJISCkVo93NP6Kt_aJAI6NMLbOpOL.bAMJaAtVv7JDSscLCPGitkDDU_uIjaHXs._.vDwpBRJy98w6tc9QjuKYA6yNhw8f3B0UwSCzzRsMu26JP9RJtCl_XT3uzr0Y0pT8cFag.NCJuyASbPSXKrNpoS3b5PEuyqO_cRkmcQgPayhUQ6jtYY52kXHcGFnZ6t52IVgIKxfchsVwQLyFhPNMLdzJQ3kcBvALXkont25SPQ1tDcGy8PaqBr4BfNZZe.Z0Q_g_W_6tuiuOtY0YSuUNObA.OboTzca1CRYoNCuyVD1IDfjAB1QDVWh0auIsZ2oCF8JzUHu"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=917719d86f3487f3';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=informed%20guessing&__cf_chl_rt_tk=ezzjPWEEfRMc6d2Yzj8tHYheRx8pGGkYbnOeViLTdvs-1740480275-1.0.1.1-jV6y4bTSQNVBtWkNwJ_xmbIQJ.dS3veIYc0XI00kkmQ" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>