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title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r">Perubahan terbaru</a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik">Artikel pilihan</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini">Peristiwa terkini</a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru">Halaman baru</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x">Halaman sembarang</a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa">Halaman istimewa</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi">Warung Kopi</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu">Portal komunitas</a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan.">Bantuan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal">Tentang Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar">Pancapilar</a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman">Kebijakan</a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami">Hubungi kami</a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir">Bak pasir</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Pencarian </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Tampilan </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class="">Menyumbang</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Vanadium" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class="">Buat akun baru</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Vanadium" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Masuk log</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Perkakas pribadi </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id">Menyumbang</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Vanadium" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"> Buat akun baru</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Vanadium" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"> Masuk log</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting">pelajari lebih lanjut</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y">Kontribusi</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n">Pembicaraan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Sejarah </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karakteristik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karakteristik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Karakteristik </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Karakteristik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Karakteristik </button> <ul id="toc-Karakteristik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Isotop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Isotop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senyawa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senyawa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Senyawa </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Senyawa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Senyawa </button> <ul id="toc-Senyawa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oksianion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oksianion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Oksianion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oksianion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turunan_halida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turunan_halida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Turunan halida </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turunan_halida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senyawa_koordinasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senyawa_koordinasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Senyawa koordinasi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senyawa_koordinasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senyawa_organologam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senyawa_organologam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Senyawa organologam </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senyawa_organologam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keterjadian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keterjadian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Keterjadian </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keterjadian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Produksi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Produksi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Produksi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Produksi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aplikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aplikasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Aplikasi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aplikasi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Aplikasi </button> <ul id="toc-Aplikasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Paduan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paduan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Paduan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paduan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Katalis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katalis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Katalis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katalis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kegunaan_lainnya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kegunaan_lainnya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Kegunaan lainnya </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kegunaan_lainnya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usulan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usulan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3.1 Usulan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usulan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peran_biologis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peran_biologis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Peran biologis </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Peran_biologis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Peran biologis </button> <ul id="toc-Peran_biologis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vanadoenzim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanadoenzim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Vanadoenzim </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanadoenzim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Akumulasi_vanadium_pada_tunikata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akumulasi_vanadium_pada_tunikata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Akumulasi vanadium pada tunikata </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akumulasi_vanadium_pada_tunikata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fungi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fungi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Fungi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fungi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mamalia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mamalia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Mamalia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mamalia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penelitian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penelitian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Penelitian </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penelitian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keamanan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keamanan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Keamanan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keamanan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Lihat pula </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Referensi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bacaan_lebih_lanjut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Bacaan lebih lanjut </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Pranala luar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Gulingkan daftar isi </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Vanadium</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 153 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-153" aria-hidden="true" > 153 bahasa </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%AB%E1%8A%93%E1%8B%B2%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ቫናዲየም – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቫናዲየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Vanadio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="वनेडियम – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="वनेडियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="فاناديوم – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فاناديوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="ڤاناديوم – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ڤاناديوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="فاناديوم – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فاناديوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiu" title="Vanadiu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vanadiu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandel" title="Vandel – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Vandel" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="भ्यानडियम – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="भ्यानडियम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banadyo" title="Banadyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Banadyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Ванадый – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ванадый" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ванад – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ванад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="वैनेडियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="वैनेडियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%94%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဗနဒီယမ် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဗနဒီယမ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="ভ্যানাডিয়াম – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভ্যানাডিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9D%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ཝེ་ནི་ཌིམ། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཝེ་ནི་ཌིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiom" title="Vanadiom – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vanadiom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadij" title="Vanadij – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Vanadij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadi" title="Vanadi – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vanadi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadyo" title="Vanadyo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Vanadyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%A9%E1%8F%81%E1%8F%97%E1%8E%A5%E1%8E%BB" title="ᏩᏁᏗᎥᎻ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏩᏁᏗᎥᎻ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="ڤانادیۆم – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤانادیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiu" title="Vanadiu – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Vanadiu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanad" title="Vanad – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vanad" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanadiwm" title="Fanadiwm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Fanadiwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%88%DE%AC%DE%82%DE%AD%DE%91%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="ވެނޭޑިއަމް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ވެނޭޑިއަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Βανάδιο – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βανάδιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanado" title="Vanado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vanado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vanadio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanaadium" title="Vanaadium – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vanaadium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banadio" title="Banadio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Banadio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85" title="وانادیم – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وانادیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiini" title="Vanadiini – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vanadiini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanaadium" title="Wanaadium – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wanaadium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadi" title="Vanadi – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Vanadi" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanaidiam" title="Vanaidiam – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Vanaidiam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhanadium" title="Bhanadium – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bhanadium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vanadio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="વેનેડિયમ – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વેનેડિયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanaadjum" title="Vanaadjum – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Vanaadjum" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="ונדיום – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ונדיום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="वनेडियम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वनेडियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadij" title="Vanadij – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vanadij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanady%C3%B2m" title="Vanadyòm – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Vanadyòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%C3%A1dium" title="Vanádium – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vanádium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Վանադիում – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վանադիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Վանադին – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Վանադին" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanado" title="Vanado – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Vanado" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanad%C3%ADn" title="Vanadín – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vanadín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vanadio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%8A%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="バナジウム – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バナジウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrvanadi" title="jinmrvanadi – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrvanadi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiyum" title="Vanadiyum – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Vanadiyum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ვანადიუმი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვანადიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanad%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Fanadɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Fanadɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ವನಾಡಿಯಮ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವನಾಡಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EB%82%98%EB%93%90" title="바나듐 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="바나듐" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanady%C3%BBm" title="Vanadyûm – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Vanadyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiom" title="Vanadiom – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Vanadiom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanaddio" title="Vanaddio – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Vanaddio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadio" title="Vanadio – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Vanadio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadis" title="Vanadis – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vanadis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%C4%81dijs" title="Vanādijs – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vanādijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Ванади – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Ванади" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadi%C3%B4ma" title="Vanadiôma – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Vanadiôma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Ванадиум – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ванадиум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="വനേഡിയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വനേഡിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Ванади – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ванади" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="व्हेनेडियम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="व्हेनेडियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ဗနေဒီယမ် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗနေဒီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimapantepoztli" title="Cimapantepoztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Cimapantepoztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="भ्यानडियम – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="भ्यानडियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadi" title="Vanadi – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vanadi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AE" title="ଭାନାଡ଼ିଅମ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଭାନାଡ଼ିଅମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਵੈਨੇਡੀਅਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵੈਨੇਡੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="भ्यानडियम – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="भ्यानडियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanad" title="Wanad – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wanad" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadi" title="Vanadi – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Vanadi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ونیڈیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ونیڈیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%90%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="وانېديوم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="وانېديوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%C3%A1dio" title="Vanádio – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vanádio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanatyu" title="Wanatyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wanatyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiu" title="Vanadiu – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vanadiu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiu" title="Vanadiu – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Vanadiu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="वनडियम – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="वनडियम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%C3%A0diu" title="Vanàdiu – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Vanàdiu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiu" title="Vanadiu – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vanadiu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadijum" title="Vanadijum – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vanadijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%C3%A1d" title="Vanád – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vanád" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadij" title="Vanadij – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vanadij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanadhiyaam" title="Fanadhiyaam – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Fanadhiyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiumi" title="Vanadiumi – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vanadiumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Ванадијум – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ванадијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadin" title="Vanadin – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vanadin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadi" title="Vanadi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Vanadi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வனேடியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வனேடியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="వెనేడియం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వెనేడియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="วาเนเดียม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วาเนเดียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadyo" title="Vanadyo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Vanadyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadyum" title="Vanadyum – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vanadyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ванадий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%8A" title="ۋانادىي – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋانادىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Ванадій – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ванадій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="وینیڈیئم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وینیڈیئم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiy" title="Vanadiy – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vanadiy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadii" title="Vanadii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vanadii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadi" title="Vanadi – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vanadi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadyo" title="Vanadyo – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Vanadyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="钒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ванад – Kalmuk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Ванад" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmuk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="וואנאדיום – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וואנאדיום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banadiomu" title="Banadiomu – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Banadiomu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8E" title="ⴰⴱⴰⵏⴰⴷⵢⵓⵎ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⴱⴰⵏⴰⴷⵢⵓⵎ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="钒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%A9" title="釩 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="釩" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Vanadium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%A9" title="釩 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="釩" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UVathofi" title="UVathofi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UVathofi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q722#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c">Halaman</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Vanadium" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t">Pembicaraan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Bahasa Indonesia </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium">Baca</a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v">Sunting</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e">Sunting sumber</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h">Lihat riwayat</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Perkakas </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium">Baca</a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v">Sunting</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e">Sunting sumber</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=history">Lihat riwayat</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Vanadium" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j">Pranala balik</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Vanadium" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k">Perubahan terkait</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&oldid=25497310" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini">Pranala permanen</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini">Informasi halaman</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Vanadium&id=25497310&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini">Kutip halaman ini</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVanadium">Lihat URL pendek</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVanadium">Unduh kode QR</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Vanadium">Buat buku</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Vanadium&action=show-download-screen">Unduh versi PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p">Versi cetak</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q722" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g">Butir di Wikidata</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333552">.mw-parser-output .ib-station-name{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}@media only screen and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-station{width:25.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-station-name{width:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="background:lightgray;padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="float:right;display:inline;background:lightgray;font-size:150%;">23V</div>Vanadium</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadium_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Vanadium_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/220px-Vanadium_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Vanadium_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/330px-Vanadium_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Vanadium_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/440px-Vanadium_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4698" data-file-height="3588" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Batang kristal dan kubus vanadium 1 cm3</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background:black"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadium_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Vanadium_spectrum_visible.png/220px-Vanadium_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Vanadium_spectrum_visible.png/330px-Vanadium_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Vanadium_spectrum_visible.png/440px-Vanadium_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a> </div><div class="infobox-caption">Garis spektrum vanadium</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat umum</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Pengucapan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">/vanadium/<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Penampilan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">logam biru-perak-abu-abu</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Vanadium dalam <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">tabel periodik</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><div style="z-index:1;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;font-size:120%;right:185px;margin:0.1em;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif ; line-height:0.9"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Media:Electron_shell_023_Vanadium.svg" title="Media:Electron shell 023 Vanadium.svg"><img alt="Perbesar gambar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Electron_shell_023_Vanadium.svg/50px-Electron_shell_023_Vanadium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Electron_shell_023_Vanadium.svg/75px-Electron_shell_023_Vanadium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Electron_shell_023_Vanadium.svg/100px-Electron_shell_023_Vanadium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="z-index:1;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;font-size:120%;right:140px;margin:0.1em;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif ; line-height:0.9"> 23V</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%; margin:0; background:#f8f8f8;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="periodictable" style="margin:0 auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none; width:5px"><div style="background-color:transparent; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:center; border:none;"> <table style="empty-cells:hidden; border:none; padding:0; border-spacing:1px; border-collapse:separate; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">Hidrogen</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">Helium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithium">Lithium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Berilium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">Boron</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">Karbon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">Oksigen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluor">Fluor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Neon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Natrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Aluminium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Silikon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">Fosfor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulfur">Sulfur</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clor (halaman belum tersedia)">Clor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Argon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Potasium" class="mw-redirect" title="Potasium">Potasium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Kalsium</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Skandium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Titanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vanadium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromium">Chromium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mangan</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Besi</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobalt">Cobalt</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Nikel</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Tembaga</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Seng</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallium">Gallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selen (halaman belum tersedia)">Selen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bromin" title="Bromin">Bromin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kripton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rubidium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" class="mw-redirect" title="Strontium">Strontium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Yttrium">Yttrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" class="mw-redirect" title="Zirconium">Zirconium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Niobium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" class="mw-redirect" title="Molybdenum">Molybdenum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" class="mw-redirect" title="Technetium">Technetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruthenium">Ruthenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodium">Rhodium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" class="mw-redirect" title="Palladium">Palladium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silver" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver">Silver</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadmium">Cadmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">Indium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Tin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Antimony" class="mw-redirect" title="Antimony">Antimony</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tellurium">Tellurium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iodine" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodine">Iodine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a> </td></tr> <tr style="border:none;padding:0;"> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" class="mw-redirect" title="Caesium">Caesium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Barium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanthanum">Lanthanum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerium">Cerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" class="mw-redirect" title="Praseodymium">Praseodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" class="mw-redirect" title="Neodymium">Neodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" class="mw-redirect" title="Promethium">Promethium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Samarium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Europium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gadolinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Terbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysprosium">Dysprosium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Holmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Erbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thulium">Thulium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ytterbium">Ytterbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutetium">Lutetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hafnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Tantalum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" class="mw-redirect" title="Tungsten">Tungsten</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhenium">Rhenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Osmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Iridium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" class="mw-redirect" title="Platinum">Platinum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gold" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold">Gold</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercury (element)">Mercury (element)</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thallium">Thallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lead" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead">Lead</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" class="mw-redirect" title="Bismuth">Bismuth</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Polonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Astatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Astatine">Astatine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Radon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Francium" class="mw-redirect" title="Francium">Francium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Radium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinium">Actinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thorium">Thorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Protactinium">Protactinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">Uranium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Neptunium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Plutonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Americium" class="mw-redirect" title="Americium">Americium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Curium" class="mw-redirect" title="Curium">Curium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Berkelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Californium" class="mw-redirect" title="Californium">Californium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Einsteinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fermium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Mendelevium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">Nobelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrencium">Lawrencium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutherfordium">Rutherfordium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Dubnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Seaborgium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bohrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" class="mw-redirect" title="Hassium">Hassium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Meitnerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Darmstadtium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Roentgenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" class="mw-redirect" title="Copernicium">Copernicium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nihonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Flerovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Moscovium" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscovium">Moscovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Livermorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennessine">Tennessine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" class="mw-redirect" title="Oganesson">Oganesson</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; width:10px; border:none;">– ↑ V ↓ <a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; padding-top:0; padding-bottom:1px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a> ← vanadium → <a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">kromium</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Templat:Navbox_unsur_diperbesar" title="Templat:Navbox unsur diperbesar">Lihat bagan navigasi yang diperbesar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_atom" title="Nomor atom">Nomor atom</a> (Z)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">23</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Golongan_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golongan (tabel periodik)">Golongan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_5" title="Unsur golongan 5">golongan 5</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Periode_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode (tabel periodik)">Periode</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Periode_(tabel_periodik)#Periode_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode (tabel periodik)">periode 4</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Blok_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok (tabel periodik)">Blok</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Blok-d" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok-d">blok-d</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nama_kategori_unsur_kimia#Kategori" title="Nama kategori unsur kimia">Kategori unsur</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">  <a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">logam transisi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Berat_atom_standar" class="mw-redirect" title="Berat atom standar">Berat atom standar</a> (Ar)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>50,9415±0,0001</li><li>50,942±0,001 (diringkas)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Konfigurasi_elektron" title="Konfigurasi elektron">Konfigurasi elektron</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">[<a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a>] 3d3 4s2 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kelopak_elektron" title="Kelopak elektron">Elektron per kelopak</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">2, 8, 11, 2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat fisik</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Fase_benda" title="Fase benda">Fase</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Temperatur_dan_tekanan_standar" title="Temperatur dan tekanan standar">STS</a> (0 °C dan 101,325 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(satuan)" title="Pascal (satuan)">kPa</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Padat" title="Padat">padat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Titik_lebur" title="Titik lebur">Titik lebur</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">2183 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (1910 °C, 3470 °F) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Titik_didih" title="Titik didih">Titik didih</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">3680 K (3407 °C, 6165 °F) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Massa_jenis" title="Massa jenis">Kepadatan</a> mendekati <a href="/wiki/Suhu_kamar" title="Suhu kamar">s.k.</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">6,11 g/cm3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">saat cair, pada <abbr title="titik lebur">t.l.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">5,5 g/cm3 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kalor_peleburan" title="Kalor peleburan">Kalor peleburan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">21,5 <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_mol" title="Joule per mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Entalpi_penguapan" title="Entalpi penguapan">Kalor penguapan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">444 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kapasitas_kalor" title="Kapasitas kalor">Kapasitas kalor molar</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">24,89 J/(mol·K) </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Tekanan_uap" title="Tekanan uap">Tekanan uap</a><div style="margin:0 auto;"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><abbr title="Suhu (Pascal)">P</abbr> (Pa) </th> <th>1 </th> <th>10 </th> <th>100 </th> <th>1 k </th> <th>10 k </th> <th>100 k </th></tr> <tr> <th>pada <abbr title="Suhu (Kelvin)">T</abbr> (K) </th> <td>2101 </td> <td>2289 </td> <td>2523 </td> <td>2814 </td> <td>3187 </td> <td>3679 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sifat atom</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Bilangan_oksidasi" title="Bilangan oksidasi">Bilangan oksidasi</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (oksida <a href="/wiki/Amfoterisme" title="Amfoterisme">amfoter</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Elektronegativitas" title="Elektronegativitas">Elektronegativitas</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">Skala Pauling: 1,63 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Energi_ionisasi" title="Energi ionisasi">Energi ionisasi</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">ke-1: 650,9 kJ/mol ke-2: 1414 kJ/mol ke-3: 2830 kJ/mol (<a href="/wiki/Energi_ionisasi_molar#vanadium" title="Energi ionisasi molar">artikel</a>) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_atom" title="Jari-jari atom">Jari-jari atom</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">empiris: 134 <a href="/wiki/Pikometer" title="Pikometer">pm</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_kovalen" title="Jari-jari kovalen">Jari-jari kovalen</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">153±8 pm </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Lain-lain</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Kelimpahan alami</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Nuklida_primordial" title="Nuklida primordial">primordial</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Struktur_kristal" title="Struktur kristal">Struktur kristal</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <a href="/wiki/Sistem_kristal_kubus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistem kristal kubus">kubus berpusat badan</a> (bcc)<div style="float:right;"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cubic-body-centered.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Struktur kristal Body-centered cubic untuk vanadium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/50px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/75px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Cubic-body-centered.svg/100px-Cubic-body-centered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="813" data-file-height="949" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kecepatan_suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Kecepatan suara">Kecepatan suara</a> batang ringan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">4560 m/s (suhu 20 °C) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Pemuaian" title="Pemuaian">Ekspansi kalor</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">8,4 µm/(m·K) (suhu 25 °C) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Konduktivitas_termal" title="Konduktivitas termal">Konduktivitas termal</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">30,7 W/(m·K) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Resistivitas_listrik" class="mw-redirect" title="Resistivitas listrik">Resistivitas listrik</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">197 nΩ·m (suhu 20 °C) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme">Arah magnet</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Paramagnetisme" title="Paramagnetisme">paramagnetik</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Suseptibilitas_magnetik" title="Suseptibilitas magnetik">Suseptibilitas magnetik molar</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">+255,0×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_Young" title="Modulus Young">Modulus Young</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">128 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_geser" title="Modulus geser">Modulus Shear</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">47 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Modulus_kompresi" title="Modulus kompresi">Modulus curah</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">160 GPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Rasio_Poisson" title="Rasio Poisson">Rasio Poisson</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">0,37 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Skala_Mohs" title="Skala Mohs">Skala Mohs</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">6,7 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Uji_kekerasan_Vickers" title="Uji kekerasan Vickers">Skala Vickers</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">628–640 MPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Uji_kekerasan_Brinell" title="Uji kekerasan Brinell">Skala Brinell</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">600–742 MPa </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_CAS" title="Nomor CAS">Nomor CAS</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">7440-62-2 </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0">Sejarah</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Penemuan_unsur_kimia" title="Penemuan unsur kimia">Penemuan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Gabriel_Sefstr%C3%B6m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nils Gabriel Sefström (halaman belum tersedia)">Nils G. Sefström</a> (1830)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Isolasi pertama</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Enfield_Roscoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Enfield Roscoe (halaman belum tersedia)">Henry E. Roscoe</a> (1867)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Asal nama</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">Nils G. Sefström (1830)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Isotop_vanadium" title="Isotop vanadium">Isotop vanadium</a> yang utama</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <table class="wikitable" cellpadding="1" style="text-align:center;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">Isotop</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kelimpahan_alami" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelimpahan alami">Kelimpahan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh" title="Waktu paruh">Waktu paruh</a> (t1/2) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif#Mode_peluruhan" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">Mode peluruhan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Produk_peluruhan" title="Produk peluruhan">Produk</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">48V </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Radioisotop_sintetis" title="Radioisotop sintetis">sintetis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16 hri </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emisi_positron" title="Emisi positron">β+</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium-48" class="mw-redirect" title="Titanium-48">48Ti</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">49V </th> <td style="text-align:center;">sintetis </td> <td style="text-align:right;">330 hri </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Penangkapan_elektron" class="mw-redirect" title="Penangkapan elektron">ε</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium-49" class="mw-redirect" title="Titanium-49">49Ti</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">50V </th> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">0,25% </td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">1,5×1017 thn </td> <td>ε </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium-50" class="mw-redirect" title="Titanium-50">50Ti</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">β−</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kromium-50" class="mw-redirect" title="Kromium-50">50Cr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">51V </th> <td style="text-align:right">99,75% </td> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Isotop_stabil" class="mw-redirect" title="Isotop stabil">stabil</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="clear:both;"></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint" style="border-top:1px dotted #ffc0c0; line-height:0.7"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_vanadium" title="Templat:Kotak info vanadium">lihat</a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Kotak_info_vanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kotak info vanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">bicara</a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kotak_info_vanadium&action=edit">sunting</a></li></ul></div>| <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_data_references_for_chemical_elements" class="extiw" title="en:List of data references for chemical elements">referensi</a> | <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722" class="extiw" title="d:Q722">di Wikidata</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Vanadium adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">unsur kimia</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Lambang_unsur" title="Lambang unsur">lambang</a> V dan <a href="/wiki/Nomor_atom" title="Nomor atom">nomor atom</a> 23. Ia adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">logam transisi</a> yang keras, berwarna abu-abu keperakan, dan <a href="/wiki/Keuletan_(fisika)" title="Keuletan (fisika)">dapat ditempa</a>. Vanadium elemental jarang ditemukan di alam, tetapi setelah diisolasi secara artifisial, pembentukan lapisan <a href="/wiki/Oksida" title="Oksida">oksida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pasivasi_(kimia)" title="Pasivasi (kimia)">pasivasi</a>) lumayan dapat menstabilkan logam bebas ini terhadap <a href="/wiki/Redoks" title="Redoks">oksidasi</a> lebih lanjut. Pada tahun 1801, ilmuwan <a href="/wiki/Spanyol" title="Spanyol">Spanyol</a>-<a href="/wiki/Meksiko" title="Meksiko">Meksiko</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_del_R%C3%ADo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrés Manuel del Río (halaman belum tersedia)">Andrés M. del Río</a> menemukan senyawa vanadium dengan menganalisis mineral pengandung <a href="/wiki/Timbal" title="Timbal">timbal</a> baru yang disebutnya "timbal cokelat". Meskipun awalnya dia menganggap bahwa kualitasnya disebabkan oleh adanya sebuah unsur baru, dia kemudian diyakinkan secara keliru oleh ahli kimia Prancis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hippolyte-Victor_Collet-Descotils&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hippolyte-Victor Collet-Descotils (halaman belum tersedia)">Hippolyte V. Collet-Descotils</a> bahwa unsur tersebut hanyalah <a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">kromium</a>. Kemudian pada tahun 1830, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Gabriel_Sefstr%C3%B6m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nils Gabriel Sefström (halaman belum tersedia)">Nils G. Sefström</a> menghasilkan beberapa <a href="/wiki/Klorida" title="Klorida">klorida</a> vanadium, sehingga membuktikan adanya sebuah unsur baru, dan menamainya "vanadium" dari dewi kecantikan dan kesuburan Skandinavia, <a href="/wiki/Freyja#Nama" title="Freyja">Vanadís</a> (Freyja). Nama itu didasarkan pada berbagai macam warna yang ditemukan dalam senyawa vanadium. Mineral timbal Del Rio akhirnya dinamai <a href="/wiki/Vanadinit" title="Vanadinit">vanadinit</a> karena kandungan vanadiumnya. Pada tahun 1867, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Enfield_Roscoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Enfield Roscoe (halaman belum tersedia)">Henry E. Roscoe</a> memperoleh vanadium murni. Vanadium terjadi secara alami di sekitar 65 deposit <a href="/wiki/Bahan_bakar_fosil" title="Bahan bakar fosil">bahan bakar fosil</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">mineral</a>. Ia diproduksi di <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Terak" title="Terak">terak</a> pelebur baja. Negara lain memproduksinya baik dari <a href="/wiki/Magnetit" title="Magnetit">magnetit</a> secara langsung, debu cerobong dari minyak berat, atau sebagai produk sampingan dari penambangan <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a>. Ia digunakan terutama untuk menghasilkan <a href="/wiki/Logam_paduan" title="Logam paduan">paduan</a> <a href="/wiki/Baja" title="Baja">baja</a> khusus seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baja_berkecepatan_tinggi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baja berkecepatan tinggi (halaman belum tersedia)">baja perkakas berkecepatan tinggi</a>, dan beberapa <a href="/wiki/Paduan_aluminium" title="Paduan aluminium">paduan aluminium</a>. Senyawa vanadium industri yang paling penting, <a href="/wiki/Vanadium(V)_oksida" title="Vanadium(V) oksida">vanadium pentoksida</a>, digunakan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Katalisis" title="Katalisis">katalis</a> untuk produksi <a href="/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat">asam sulfat</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_redoks_vanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai redoks vanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">Baterai redoks vanadium</a> untuk penyimpanan energi dapat menjadi aplikasi penting di masa depan. Sejumlah besar ion vanadium ditemukan di beberapa organisme, mungkin sebagai <a href="/wiki/Toksin" title="Toksin">racun</a>. Oksida dan beberapa garam vanadium lainnya memiliki toksisitas sedang. Khususnya di laut, vanadium digunakan oleh beberapa bentuk kehidupan sebagai pusat aktif <a href="/wiki/Enzim" title="Enzim">enzim</a>, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_bromoperoksidase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium bromoperoksidase (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadium bromoperoksidase</a> dari beberapa <a href="/wiki/Alga" title="Alga">alga</a> laut. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Vanadium <a href="/wiki/Penemuan_unsur_kimia" title="Penemuan unsur kimia">ditemukan</a> di Meksiko pada tahun 1801 oleh ahli mineral Spanyol <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_del_R%C3%ADo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrés Manuel del Río (halaman belum tersedia)">Andrés M. del Río</a>. Del Río mengekstrak unsur ini dari sampel bijih "timbal cokelat" Meksiko, yang kemudian dinamai <a href="/wiki/Vanadinit" title="Vanadinit">vanadinit</a>. Dia menemukan bahwa garam unsur itu menunjukkan variasi warna yang luas, dan sebagai hasilnya, dia menamai unsur itu dengan pankromium (Yunani: παγχρώμιο "semua warna"). Kemudian, del Río mengganti nama unsur itu menjadi eritronium (Yunani: ερυθρός "merah") karena sebagian besar garamnya berubah menjadi merah saat dipanaskan. Pada tahun 1805, kimiawan Prancis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hippolyte-Victor_Collet-Descotils&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hippolyte-Victor Collet-Descotils (halaman belum tersedia)">Hippolyte V. Collet-Descotils</a>, didukung oleh teman del Río, Baron <a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Alexander von Humboldt</a>, secara keliru menyatakan bahwa unsur baru del Río adalah sampel <a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">kromium</a> yang tidak murni. Del Río menerima pernyataan Collet-Descotils dan mencabut klaimnya.<a href="#cite_note-Cintas-3">[3]</a> Pada tahun 1831, kimiawan Swedia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Gabriel_Sefstr%C3%B6m&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nils Gabriel Sefström (halaman belum tersedia)">Nils G. Sefström</a> menemukan kembali unsur itu dalam oksida baru yang dia temukan saat bekerja dengan <a href="/wiki/Bijih_besi" title="Bijih besi">bijih besi</a>. Di tahun yang sama, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_W%C3%B6hler" title="Friedrich Wöhler">Friedrich Wöhler</a> menegaskan bahwa unsur itu identik dengan yang ditemukan oleh del Río sehingga membenarkan klaim del Río sebelumnya.<a href="#cite_note-sefs-4">[4]</a> Sefström memilih nama yang diawali dengan V, yang belum ditetapkan pada unsur mana pun. Dia menamai unsur itu dengan vanadium dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Nordik_Kuno" title="Bahasa Nordik Kuno">bahasa Nordik Kuno</a> <a href="/wiki/Freyja#Nama" title="Freyja">Vanadís</a> (nama lain untuk dewi <a href="/wiki/Vanir" title="Vanir">Vanir</a> <a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Nordik" title="Mitologi Nordik">Nordik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Freyja" title="Freyja">Freyja</a>, di mana atributnya meliputi keindahan dan kesuburan), karena banyak <a href="/wiki/Senyawa_kimia" title="Senyawa kimia">senyawa kimia</a> berwarna indah yang dihasilkan oleh unsur tersebut.<a href="#cite_note-sefs-4">[4]</a> Setelah mempelajari temuan Wöhler, del Río mulai berargumen dengan penuh semangat agar klaim lamanya diakui, tetapi unsur tersebut tetap menggunakan nama vanadium.<a href="#cite_note-vanadium3-5">[5]</a> Pada tahun 1831, ahli geologi <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_William_Featherstonhaugh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George William Featherstonhaugh (halaman belum tersedia)">George W. Featherstonhaugh</a> menyarankan agar nama vanadium diganti menjadi "rionium" dari del Río, tetapi saran ini tidak diikuti.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:1910Ford-T.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1910Ford-T.jpg/220px-1910Ford-T.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1910Ford-T.jpg/330px-1910Ford-T.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1910Ford-T.jpg/440px-1910Ford-T.jpg 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_T" title="Ford Model T">Ford Model T</a> menggunakan baja vanadium pada <a href="/wiki/Sasis" title="Sasis">sasisnya</a>.</figcaption></figure> Karena vanadium biasanya ditemukan berkombinasi dengan unsur lain, isolasi logam vanadium menjadi sulit.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Pada tahun 1831, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jakob_Berzelius" title="Jöns Jakob Berzelius">Jöns J. Berzelius</a> melaporkan produksi logam tersebut, tetapi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Enfield_Roscoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Enfield Roscoe (halaman belum tersedia)">Henry E. Roscoe</a> menunjukkan bahwa Berzelius telah menghasilkan nitridanya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_nitrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium nitrida (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadium nitrida</a> (VN). Roscoe akhirnya memroduksi logam tersebut pada tahun 1867 melalui reduksi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(II)_klorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(II) klorida (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadium(II) klorida</a>, VCl2, dengan <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Roscoe-8">[8]</a> Pada tahun 1927, vanadium murni diproduksi dengan mereduksi <a href="/wiki/Vanadium(V)_oksida" title="Vanadium(V) oksida">vanadium pentoksida</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">kalsium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Marden-9">[9]</a> Penggunaan vanadium industri skala besar pertama terdapat pada sasis paduan <a href="/wiki/Baja" title="Baja">baja</a> <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_T" title="Ford Model T">Ford Model T</a>, yang terinspirasi oleh mobil balap Prancis. Baja vanadium memungkinkan pengurangan berat sambil meningkatkan <a href="/wiki/Kekuatan_tarik" title="Kekuatan tarik">kekuatan tarik</a> (sekitar tahun 1905).<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Selama dekade pertama abad ke-20, sebagian besar bijih vanadium ditambang oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perusahaan_Vanadium_Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perusahaan Vanadium Amerika (halaman belum tersedia)">Perusahaan Vanadium Amerika</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minas_Ragra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minas Ragra (halaman belum tersedia)">Minas Ragra</a> di Peru. Kemudian, permintaan uranium meningkat, menyebabkan peningkatan penambangan bijih logam tersebut. Salah satu bijih uranium utama adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karnotit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karnotit (halaman belum tersedia)">karnotit</a>, yang juga mengandung vanadium. Dengan demikian, vanadium tersedia sebagai produk sampingan dari produksi uranium. Akhirnya, penambangan uranium mulai memasok sebagian besar permintaan vanadium.<a href="#cite_note-Busch1961-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Pada tahun 1911, kimiawan Jerman <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Wolfgang_Martin_Henze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Wolfgang Martin Henze (halaman belum tersedia)">Martin Henze</a> menemukan vanadium dalam protein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemovanadin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemovanadin (halaman belum tersedia)">hemovanadin</a> yang ditemukan dalam <a href="/wiki/Sel_darah" title="Sel darah">sel darah</a> (atau sel <a href="/wiki/Selom" title="Selom">selom</a>) <a href="/wiki/Ascidiacea" title="Ascidiacea">Ascidiacea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-michibata2002-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karakteristik">Karakteristik</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Karakteristik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Karakteristik">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadium-bar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Vanadium-bar.jpg/220px-Vanadium-bar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Vanadium-bar.jpg/330px-Vanadium-bar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Vanadium-bar.jpg/440px-Vanadium-bar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption>Balok vanadium polikristalin dengan kemurnian tinggi (99,95%), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teknologi_berkas_elektron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teknologi berkas elektron (halaman belum tersedia)">dilebur ulang menggunakan berkas elektron</a> dan dietsa secara makro</figcaption></figure> Vanadium adalah sebuah logam berwarna baja-biru yang cukup keras dan <a href="/wiki/Keuletan_(fisika)" title="Keuletan (fisika)">ulet</a>. Ia bersifat <a href="/wiki/Penghantar_listrik" title="Penghantar listrik">konduktif</a> secara elektrik dan <a href="/wiki/Insulasi_termal" title="Insulasi termal">menginsulasi</a> secara termal. Vanadium biasanya digambarkan "lunak", karena ia ulet, <a href="/wiki/Keuletan_(fisika)" title="Keuletan (fisika)">dapat ditempa</a>, dan tidak <a href="/wiki/Rapuh" title="Rapuh">rapuh</a>.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Vanadium lebih keras daripada kebanyakan logam dan baja (lihat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekerasan_unsur_kimia_(halaman_data)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekerasan unsur kimia (halaman data) (halaman belum tersedia)">Kekerasan unsur kimia (halaman data)</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Besi#Sifat_mekanis" title="Besi">besi</a>). Ia memiliki ketahanan yang baik terhadap <a href="/wiki/Korosi" title="Korosi">korosi</a> serta stabil terhadap <a href="/wiki/Alkali" title="Alkali">alkali</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Asam_sulfat" title="Asam sulfat">asam sulfat</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Asam_klorida" title="Asam klorida">klorida</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-17">[17]</a> Ia akan <a href="/wiki/Redoks" title="Redoks">teroksidasi</a> di udara pada suhu sekitar 933 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (660 °C, 1220 °F), meskipun sebuah lapisan <a href="/wiki/Pasivasi_(kimia)" title="Pasivasi (kimia)">pasivasi</a> oksida akan terbentuk bahkan pada suhu kamar.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Isotop">Isotop</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Isotop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Isotop">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Isotop_vanadium" title="Isotop vanadium">Isotop vanadium</a></div> Vanadium alami terdiri dari satu <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">isotop</a> stabil, 51V, dan satu isotop <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">radioaktif</a>, 50V. 50V memiliki <a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh" title="Waktu paruh">waktu paruh</a> 1,5×1017 tahun dan kelimpahan alami 0,25%. 51V memiliki <a href="/wiki/Bilangan_kuantum_spin#Spin_inti" title="Bilangan kuantum spin">spin inti</a> 7⁄2, yang berguna untuk digunakan dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonansi_magnet_inti_vanadium-51&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resonansi magnet inti vanadium-51 (halaman belum tersedia)">spektroskopi NMR</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rehder-19">[19]</a> 24 <a href="/wiki/Radionuklida" title="Radionuklida">radioisotop</a> radioisotop buatan telah dikarakterisasi, mulai dari <a href="/wiki/Nomor_massa" title="Nomor massa">nomor massa</a> 40 hingga 65. Isotop yang paling stabil adalah 49V dengan waktu paruh 330 hari, dan 48V dengan waktu paruh 16,0 hari. Isotop radioaktif yang tersisa memiliki waktu paruh lebih pendek dari satu jam, sebagian besar di bawah 10 detik. Setidaknya empat isotop memiliki <a href="/wiki/Isomer_nuklir#Isomer_metastabil" title="Isomer nuklir">keadaan tereksitasi metastabil</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tangkapan_elektron" title="Tangkapan elektron">Penangkapan elektron</a> adalah <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif#Mode_peluruhan" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">mode peluruhan</a> utama untuk isotop yang lebih ringan dari 51V. Untuk yang lebih berat, mode yang paling umum adalah <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">peluruhan beta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NUBASE2020-21">[21]</a> Reaksi penangkapan elektron mengarah pada pembentukan isotop unsur (<a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a>), sedangkan peluruhan beta mengarah pada pembentukan isotop unsur 24 (<a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">kromium</a>). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senyawa">Senyawa</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Senyawa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Senyawa">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Senyawa_vanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senyawa vanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">Senyawa vanadium</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadiumoxidationstates.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Vanadiumoxidationstates.jpg/170px-Vanadiumoxidationstates.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Vanadiumoxidationstates.jpg/255px-Vanadiumoxidationstates.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Vanadiumoxidationstates.jpg/340px-Vanadiumoxidationstates.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2003" data-file-height="3005" /></a><figcaption>Dari kiri: [V(H2O)6]2+ (lila), [V(H2O)6]3+ (hijau), [VO(H2O)5]2+ (biru) dan [VO(H2O)5]3+ (kuning)</figcaption></figure> Sifat kimia vanadium dianggap tidak biasa karena aksesibilitasnya terhadap empat <a href="/wiki/Bilangan" title="Bilangan">keadaan oksidasi</a> yang berdekatan, 2–5. Dalam sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_logam_dalam_larutan_berair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion logam dalam larutan berair (halaman belum tersedia)">larutan berair</a>, vanadium akan membentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kompleks_akuo_logam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kompleks akuo logam (halaman belum tersedia)">kompleks akuo logam</a> yang memiliki warna lila ([V(H2O)6]2+), hijau ([V(H2O)6]3+), biru ([VO(H2O)5]2+), kuning-oranye ([VO(H2O)5]3+), rumus yang bergantung pada pH. Senyawa vanadium(II) adalah zat pereduksi, dan senyawa vanadium(V) adalah zat pengoksidasi. Senyawa vanadium(IV) sering eksis sebagai turunan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_vanadil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion vanadil (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadil</a>, yang mengandung pusat VO2+.<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-17">[17]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amonium_metavanadat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amonium metavanadat (halaman belum tersedia)">Amonium vanadat(V)</a> (NH4VO3) dapat direduksi berturut-turut dengan <a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">seng</a> elemental untuk mendapatkan warna vanadium yang berbeda dalam empat keadaan oksidasi ini. Keadaan oksidasi yang lebih rendah terjadi pada senyawa seperti V(CO)6, [V(CO)6]−, dan turunan tersubstitusi.<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-17">[17]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vanadium(V)_oksida" title="Vanadium(V) oksida">Vanadium pentoksida</a> adalah sebuah katalis yang penting secara komersial untuk produksi asam sulfat, reaksi yang mengeksploitasi kemampuan vanadium oksida untuk menjalani reaksi redoks.<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-17">[17]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_redoks_vanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai redoks vanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">Baterai redoks vanadium</a> menggunakan keempat keadaan oksidasinya: satu elektroda menggunakan pasangan +5/+4 dan elektroda lainnya menggunakan pasangan +3/+2. Konversi keadaan oksidasi ini diilustrasikan dengan reduksi larutan asam kuat dari senyawa vanadium(V) dengan debu atau amalgam seng. Ciri warna kuning awal ion pervanadil [VO2(H2O)4]+ diganti dengan warna biru dari [VO(H2O)5]2+, diikuti dengan warna hijau dari [V(H2O)6]3+ dan kemudian warna lembayung dari [V(H2O)6]2+.<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oksianion">Oksianion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Oksianion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Oksianion">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Decavanadate_polyhedra.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Decavanadate_polyhedra.png/220px-Decavanadate_polyhedra.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Decavanadate_polyhedra.png/330px-Decavanadate_polyhedra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Decavanadate_polyhedra.png/440px-Decavanadate_polyhedra.png 2x" data-file-width="1929" data-file-height="1520" /></a><figcaption>Struktur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natrium_dekavanadat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natrium dekavanadat (halaman belum tersedia)">dekavanadat</a></figcaption></figure> Dalam sebuah larutan berair, vanadium(V) akan membentuk keluarga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksianion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksianion (halaman belum tersedia)">oksianion</a> yang luas sebagaimana yang ditetapkan oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonansi_magnet_inti_vanadium-51&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resonansi magnet inti vanadium-51 (halaman belum tersedia)">spektroskopi NMR 51V</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rehder-19">[19]</a> Keterkaitan dalam keluarga ini dijelaskan melalui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagram_dominasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diagram dominasi (halaman belum tersedia)">diagram dominasi</a>, yang menunjukkan setidaknya 11 spesies, tergantung pada pH dan konsentrasi.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Ion ortovanadat tetrahedron, VO3−4, adalah spesies utama yang ada pada pH 12–14. Memiliki ukuran dan muatan yang sama dengan fosforus(V), vanadium(V) juga sejajar dengan sifat kimia dan kristalografinya. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natrium_ortovanadat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natrium ortovanadat (halaman belum tersedia)">Ortovanadat</a> VO3−4 digunakan dalam <a href="/wiki/Kristalografi_sinar-X#Kristalografi_makromolekul_biologis" title="Kristalografi sinar-X">kristalografi protein</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> untuk mempelajari <a href="/wiki/Biokimia" title="Biokimia">biokimia</a> fosfat.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Selain itu, anion ini juga telah terbukti berinteraksi dengan aktivitas beberapa enzim tertentu.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Tetratiovanadat [VS4]3− analog dengan ion ortovanadat.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Pada nilai pH yang lebih rendah, monomer [HVO4]2− dan dimer [V2O7]4− terbentuk, dengan monomer akan lebih mendominasi pada konsentrasi vanadium kurang dari sekitar 10−2M (pV > 2, di mana pV sama dengan nilai minus dari logaritma konsentrasi total vanadium/M). Pembentukan ion divanadat analog dengan pembentukan ion <a href="/wiki/Kromat_dan_dikromat" title="Kromat dan dikromat">dikromat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Saat pH berkurang, terjadi protonasi dan kondensasi lebih lanjut menjadi <a href="/wiki/Vanadat" title="Vanadat">polivanadat</a>: pada pH 4–6, [H2VO4]− akan lebih mendominasi pada pV lebih besar dari sekitar 4, sedangkan pada konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi, trimer dan tetramer akan terbentuk.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Antara pH 2–4, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natrium_dekavanadat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natrium dekavanadat (halaman belum tersedia)">dekavanadat</a> akan mendominasi, pembentukannya dari ortovanadat diwakili oleh reaksi kondensasi ini: <dl><dd>10 [VO4]3− + 24 H+ → [V10O28]6− + 12 H2O</dd></dl> Dalam dekavanadat, setiap pusat V(V) dikelilingi oleh enam <a href="/wiki/Ligan" title="Ligan">ligan</a> oksida.<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-17">[17]</a> Asam vanadat, H3VO4, hanya eksis pada konsentrasi yang sangat rendah karena protonasi spesies tetrahedron [H2VO4]− menghasilkan pembentukan preferensial spesies oktahedron [VO2(H2O)4]+.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Dalam larutan asam kuat, pH < 2, [VO2(H2O)4]+ adalah spesies yang dominan, sedangkan oksida V2O5 mengendap dari larutan pada konsentrasi tinggi. Oksida itu secara formal adalah <a href="/wiki/Oksida_asam" title="Oksida asam">anhidrida asam</a> dari asam vanadat. Struktur dari banyak senyawa <a href="/wiki/Vanadat" title="Vanadat">vanadat</a> telah ditentukan melalui kristalografi sinar-X. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:VinwaterPourbaixdiagram2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/VinwaterPourbaixdiagram2.svg/220px-VinwaterPourbaixdiagram2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/VinwaterPourbaixdiagram2.svg/330px-VinwaterPourbaixdiagram2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/VinwaterPourbaixdiagram2.svg/440px-VinwaterPourbaixdiagram2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="484" data-file-height="496" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diagram_Pourbaix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diagram Pourbaix (halaman belum tersedia)">Diagram Pourbaix</a> untuk vanadium dalam air, yang menunjukkan potensi <a href="/wiki/Redoks" title="Redoks">redoks</a> antara berbagai spesies vanadium dalam keadaan oksidasi yang berbeda<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></figcaption></figure> Vanadium(V) membentuk berbagai kompleks perokso, terutama di tempat aktif enzim <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bromida_peroksidase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bromida peroksidase (halaman belum tersedia)">bromoperoksidase</a> yang mengandung vanadium. Spesies VO(O2)(H2O)4+ stabil dalam larutan asam. Dalam larutan basa, spesies dengan gugus peroksida 2, 3, dan 4 telah diketahui; yang terakhir membentuk garam lembayung dengan rumus M3V(O2)4 nH2O (M= Li, Na, dll.), di mana vanadium memiliki struktur dodekahedron 8 koordinat.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turunan_halida">Turunan halida</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Turunan halida" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Turunan halida">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Dua belas <a href="/wiki/Halida" title="Halida">halida</a> biner, senyawa dengan rumus VXn (n=2..5), telah diketahui.<a href="#cite_note-G&E989-35">[35]</a> VI4, VCl5, VBr5, dan VI5 tidaklah ada atau sangat tidak stabil. Dalam kombinasi dengan reagen lain, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(IV)_tetraklorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(IV) tetraklorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VCl4</a> digunakan sebagai katalis untuk polimerisasi <a href="/wiki/Diena" title="Diena">diena</a>. Seperti semua halida biner, vanadium halida bersifat <a href="/wiki/Asam_dan_basa_Lewis#Asam_Lewis" title="Asam dan basa Lewis">asam Lewis</a>, terutama yang dari V(IV) dan V(V).<a href="#cite_note-G&E989-35">[35]</a> Banyak vanadium halida membentuk kompleks oktahedron dengan rumus VXnL6−n (X= halida; L= ligan lainnya). Telah banyak vanadium <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksohalida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksohalida (halaman belum tersedia)">oksihalida</a> (rumus VOmXn) yang diketahui.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Oksitriklorida dan oksitrifluorida (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_oksitriklorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium oksitriklorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VOCl3</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(V)_oksitrifluorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(V) oksitrifluorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VOF3</a>) adalah yang paling banyak dipelajari. Mirip dengan POCl3, mereka bersifat volatil,<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> mengadopsi struktur tetrahedron dalam fase gas, dan bersifat asam Lewis.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senyawa_koordinasi">Senyawa koordinasi</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Senyawa koordinasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Senyawa koordinasi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadyl-acetylacetonate-from-xtal-3D-balls.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Vanadyl-acetylacetonate-from-xtal-3D-balls.png/220px-Vanadyl-acetylacetonate-from-xtal-3D-balls.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Vanadyl-acetylacetonate-from-xtal-3D-balls.png/330px-Vanadyl-acetylacetonate-from-xtal-3D-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Vanadyl-acetylacetonate-from-xtal-3D-balls.png/440px-Vanadyl-acetylacetonate-from-xtal-3D-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="723" /></a><figcaption>Sebuah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Model_bola-dan-tongkat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Model bola-dan-tongkat (halaman belum tersedia)">model bola-dan-tongkat</a> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadil_asetilasetonat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadil asetilasetonat (halaman belum tersedia)">VO(O2C5H7)2</a></figcaption></figure> Kompleks vanadium(II) dan (III) relatif lengai terhadap pertukaran dan merupakan reduktor. V(IV) dan V(V) adalah oksidator. Ion vanadium berukuran agak besar dan beberapa kompleks dapat mencapai bilangan koordinasi lebih besar dari 6, seperti halnya pada [V(CN)7]4−. Oksovanadium(V) juga membentuk kompleks koordinasi 7-koordinat dengan ligan tetradentat dan peroksida, dan kompleks-kompleks ini digunakan untuk brominasi oksidatif dan oksidasi tioeter. Kimia koordinasi V4+ didominasi oleh pusat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadil (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadil</a>, VO2+, yang mengikat empat ligan lain dengan kuat dan satu ligan dengan lemah (satu trans ke pusat vanadil). Salah satu contohnya adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadil_asetilasetonat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadil asetilasetonat (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadil asetilasetonat</a> (V(O)(O2C5H7)2). Dalam kompleks ini, vanadium adalah 5-koordinat, berbentuk piramida persegi terdistorsi, yang berarti bahwa ligan keenam, seperti piridin, dapat terikat, meskipun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konstanta_pengikatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konstanta pengikatan (halaman belum tersedia)">konstanta asosiasi</a> dari proses ini kecil. Banyak dari kompleks vanadil 5-koordinat memiliki geometri bipiramida segitiga, seperti VOCl2(NMe3)2.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Kimia koordinasi V5+ didominasi oleh kompleks koordinasi dioksovanadium yang relatif stabil<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> yang sering terbentuk oleh oksidasi udara dari prekursor vanadium(IV) yang menunjukkan stabilitas keadaan oksidasi +5 dan kemudahan interkonversi antara keadaan +4 dan +5.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senyawa_organologam">Senyawa organologam</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Senyawa organologam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Senyawa organologam">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_organovanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia organovanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">Kimia organovanadium</a></div> Kimia organologam vanadium telah berkembang–dengan baik. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadosena_diklorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadosena diklorida (halaman belum tersedia)">Vanadosena diklorida</a> adalah sebuah reagen awal yang serbaguna dan memiliki aplikasi dalam kimia organik.<a href="#cite_note-wilkinson-42">[42]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_heksakarbonil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium heksakarbonil (halaman belum tersedia)">Vanadium karbonil</a>, V(CO)6, adalah salah satu contoh langka dari <a href="/wiki/Karbonil_logam" title="Karbonil logam">karbonil logam</a> paramagnetik. Reduksi akan menghasilkan V(CO)−6 (<a href="/wiki/Isoelektronisitas" title="Isoelektronisitas">isoelektronik</a> dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kromium_heksakarbonil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kromium heksakarbonil (halaman belum tersedia)">Cr(CO)6</a>), yang dapat direduksi lebih lanjut dengan natrium dalam amonia cair untuk menghasilkan V(CO)3−5 (isoelektronik dengan Fe(CO)5).<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keterjadian">Keterjadian</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Keterjadian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keterjadian">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadinite,_goethite(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vanadinite%2C_goethite%282%29.jpg/220px-Vanadinite%2C_goethite%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vanadinite%2C_goethite%282%29.jpg/330px-Vanadinite%2C_goethite%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Vanadinite%2C_goethite%282%29.jpg/440px-Vanadinite%2C_goethite%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2240" data-file-height="1488" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vanadinit" title="Vanadinit">Vanadinit</a></figcaption></figure> Vanadium adalah unsur paling melimpah ke-20 di kerak Bumi;<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> vanadium metalik jarang terjadi di alam (dikenal sebagai <a href="/wiki/Vanadium_asli" title="Vanadium asli">vanadium asli</a>),<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> tetapi senyawa vanadium terjadi secara alami di sekitar 65 <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">mineral</a> yang berbeda. Pada awal abad ke-20, sejumlah besar bijih vanadium ditemukan di tambang vanadium <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minas_Ragra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minas Ragra (halaman belum tersedia)">Minas Ragra</a> dekat Junín, <a href="/wiki/Cerro_de_Pasco" title="Cerro de Pasco">Cerro de Pasco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-scielo-50">[50]</a> Selama beberapa tahun, deposit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patr%C3%B3nit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrónit (halaman belum tersedia)">patrónit</a> (VS4)<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> ini merupakan sumber bijih vanadium yang signifikan secara ekonomi. Pada tahun 1920, kira-kira dua pertiga dari produksi vanadium dunia dipasok oleh tambang di Peru.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> Dengan produksi uranium pada tahun 1910-an dan 1920-an dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karnotit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karnotit (halaman belum tersedia)">karnotit</a> (K2(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O), vanadium tersedia sebagai produk sampingan dari produksi uranium. <a href="/wiki/Vanadinit" title="Vanadinit">Vanadinit</a> (Pb5(VO4)3Cl) dan mineral pengandung vanadium lainnya hanya ditambang dalam kasus tidak biasa. Dengan meningkatnya permintaan, sebagian besar produksi vanadium dunia sekarang bersumber dari <a href="/wiki/Magnetit" title="Magnetit">magnetit</a> pengandung vanadium yang ditemukan di badan <a href="/wiki/Gabro" title="Gabro">gabro</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batuan_ultramafik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batuan ultramafik (halaman belum tersedia)">ultramafik</a>. Jika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Titanomagnetit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titanomagnetit (halaman belum tersedia)">titanomagnetit</a> ini digunakan untuk menghasilkan besi, sebagian besar vanadium masuk ke dalam <a href="/wiki/Terak" title="Terak">terak</a> dan diekstraksi darinya.<a href="#cite_note-scielo-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Vanadium ditambang sebagian besar di <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afrika_Selatan" title="Afrika Selatan">Afrika Selatan</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> timur. Pada tahun 2022 ketiga negara ini menambang lebih dari 96% dari 100.000 <a href="/wiki/Ton_metrik" title="Ton metrik">ton</a> vanadium yang diproduksi, dengan Tiongkok menyediakan 70%.<a href="#cite_note-usgs-54">[54]</a> Vanadium juga terdapat dalam <a href="/wiki/Bauksit" title="Bauksit">bauksit</a> dan endapan <a href="/wiki/Minyak_bumi" title="Minyak bumi">minyak mentah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batu_bara" title="Batu bara">batu bara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minyak_serpih" title="Minyak serpih">minyak serpih</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minyak_pasir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minyak pasir (halaman belum tersedia)">pasir tar</a>. Dalam minyak mentah, konsentrasi vanadium hingga 1200 <a href="/wiki/Notasi_bagian_per#Bagian_per_juta" title="Notasi bagian per">ppm</a> telah dilaporkan. Ketika produk minyak tersebut dibakar, sejumlah kecil vanadium dapat menyebabkan <a href="/wiki/Korosi" title="Korosi">korosi</a> pada mesin dan <a href="/wiki/Pendidih" title="Pendidih">pendidih</a>.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Diperkirakan 110.000 ton vanadium dilepaskan ke atmosfer per tahunnya melalui pembakaran bahan bakar fosil.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> <a href="/wiki/Batu_serpih#Batu_serpih_hitam" title="Batu serpih">Batu serpih hitam</a> juga merupakan sumber vanadium yang potensial. Selama Perang Dunia II, beberapa vanadium diekstraksi dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembentukan_tawas_serpih&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembentukan tawas serpih (halaman belum tersedia)">tawas serpih</a> di selatan Swedia.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Di alam semesta, <a href="/wiki/Kelimpahan_unsur#Kelimpahan_unsur_di_alam_semesta" title="Kelimpahan unsur">kelimpahan kosmik</a> vanadium adalah 0,0001%, menjadikan unsur ini hampir sama banyaknya dengan <a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">tembaga</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">seng</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dieter-58">[58]</a> Vanadium terdeteksi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spektrometer_optik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spektrometer optik (halaman belum tersedia)">secara spektroskopi</a> dalam cahaya dari <a href="/wiki/Matahari" title="Matahari">Matahari</a> dan terkadang dalam cahaya dari <a href="/wiki/Bintang" title="Bintang">bintang</a> lain.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_vanadil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion vanadil (halaman belum tersedia)">Ion vanadil</a> juga melimpah di <a href="/wiki/Air_laut" title="Air laut">air laut</a>, dengan konsentrasi rata-rata 30 <a href="/wiki/Molaritas#Satuan" title="Molaritas">nM</a> (1,5 mg/m3).<a href="#cite_note-Dieter-58">[58]</a> Beberapa <a href="/wiki/Mata_air" title="Mata air">mata air</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_mineral" title="Air mineral">mineral</a> juga mengandung ion vanadium dalam konsentrasi tinggi. Misalnya, mata air di dekat <a href="/wiki/Gunung_Fuji" title="Gunung Fuji">Gunung Fuji</a> mengandung sebanyak 54 <a href="/wiki/Mikrogram" title="Mikrogram">μg</a> per <a href="/wiki/Liter" title="Liter">liter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Dieter-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Produksi">Produksi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Produksi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Produksi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadium-production(en).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Vanadium-production%28en%29.svg/220px-Vanadium-production%28en%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Vanadium-production%28en%29.svg/330px-Vanadium-production%28en%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Vanadium-production%28en%29.svg/440px-Vanadium-production%28en%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption>Tren produksi vanadium</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadium_crystal_vakuum_sublimed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Vanadium_crystal_vakuum_sublimed.jpg/220px-Vanadium_crystal_vakuum_sublimed.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Vanadium_crystal_vakuum_sublimed.jpg/330px-Vanadium_crystal_vakuum_sublimed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Vanadium_crystal_vakuum_sublimed.jpg/440px-Vanadium_crystal_vakuum_sublimed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="786" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption>Kristal vanadium tersublimasi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dendrit_(kristal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dendrit (kristal) (halaman belum tersedia)">dendritis</a> dalam vakum (99,9%)</figcaption></figure> Logam vanadium diperoleh melalui proses bertahap yang dimulai dengan memanggang bijih yang dihancurkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Natrium_klorida" title="Natrium klorida">NaCl</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Natrium_karbonat" title="Natrium karbonat">Na2CO3</a> pada suhu sekitar 850 °C untuk menghasilkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natrium_metavanadat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natrium metavanadat (halaman belum tersedia)">natrium metavanadat</a> (NaVO3). Sebuah ekstrak berair dari padatan ini diasamkan untuk menghasilkan "kue merah", sebuah garam polivanadat, yang direduksi dengan logam <a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">kalsium</a>. Sebagai alternatif untuk produksi skala kecil, vanadium pentoksida direduksi dengan <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">magnesium</a>. Banyak metode lain yang juga digunakan, di mana vanadium diproduksi sebagai <a href="/wiki/Produk_sampingan" title="Produk sampingan">produk sampingan</a> dari proses lain.<a href="#cite_note-Moskalyk-60">[60]</a> Pemurnian vanadium dimungkinkan melalui <a href="/wiki/Proses_van_Arkel%E2%80%93de_Boer" title="Proses van Arkel–de Boer">proses batangan kristal</a> yang dikembangkan oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anton_Eduard_van_Arkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anton Eduard van Arkel (halaman belum tersedia)">Anton E. van Arkel</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_Hendrik_de_Boer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan Hendrik de Boer (halaman belum tersedia)">Jan H. de Boer</a> pada tahun 1925. Proses ini melibatkan pembentukan vanadium iodida, dalam contoh ini <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(III)_iodida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(III) iodida (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadium(III) iodida</a>, dan dekomposisi berikutnya untuk menghasilkan logam vanadium murni:<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <dl><dd>2 V + 3 I2 <img alt="is in equilibrium with" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Equilibrium.svg/15px-Equilibrium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Equilibrium.svg/23px-Equilibrium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Equilibrium.svg/30px-Equilibrium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="119" /> 2 VI3</dd></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:FerroVanadium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/FerroVanadium.jpg/220px-FerroVanadium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/FerroVanadium.jpg/330px-FerroVanadium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/FerroVanadium.jpg/440px-FerroVanadium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="402" /></a><figcaption>Potongan ferovanadium</figcaption></figure> Kebanyakan vanadium digunakan sebagai paduan <a href="/wiki/Baja" title="Baja">baja</a> yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Ferovanadium" title="Ferovanadium">ferovanadium</a>. Ferovanadium diproduksi langsung dengan mereduksi campuran vanadium oksida, besi oksida, dan besi dalam sebuah tanur listrik. Vanadium berakhir pada <a href="/wiki/Besi_kasar" title="Besi kasar">besi kasar</a> yang dihasilkan dari magnetit yang mengandung vanadium. Bergantung pada bijih yang digunakan, terak dapat mengandung hingga 25% vanadium.<a href="#cite_note-Moskalyk-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aplikasi">Aplikasi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Aplikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aplikasi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Knarre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Knarre.jpg/170px-Knarre.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Knarre.jpg/255px-Knarre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Knarre.jpg/340px-Knarre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="2275" /></a><figcaption>Peralatan yang terbuat dari baja vanadium</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paduan">Paduan</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Paduan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Paduan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Sekitar 85% dari vanadium yang dihasilkan digunakan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Ferovanadium" title="Ferovanadium">ferovanadium</a> atau sebagai aditif <a href="/wiki/Baja" title="Baja">baja</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Moskalyk-60">[60]</a> Peningkatan kekuatan yang cukup besar pada baja yang mengandung sedikit vanadium ditemukan pada awal abad ke-20. Vanadium membentuk nitrida dan karbida yang stabil, menghasilkan peningkatan kekuatan baja yang signifikan.<a href="#cite_note-Chandler-62">[62]</a> Sejak saat itu, baja vanadium digunakan untuk aplikasi pada <a href="/wiki/As_roda" title="As roda">as roda</a>, rangka sepeda, <a href="/wiki/Poros_engkol" title="Poros engkol">poros engkol</a>, roda gigi, dan komponen penting lainnya. Terdapat dua kelompok paduan baja vanadium. Paduan baja karbon tinggi vanadium yang mengandung 0,15–0,25% vanadium, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baja_berkecepatan_tinggi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baja berkecepatan tinggi (halaman belum tersedia)">baja perkakas berkecepatan tinggi</a> (HSS) yang mengandung 1–5% vanadium. Untuk baja HSS, kekerasan di atas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skala_Rockwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skala Rockwell (halaman belum tersedia)">HRC</a> 60 dapat dicapai. Baja HSS digunakan dalam beberapa <a href="/wiki/Alat" title="Alat">peralatan</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Alat_bedah" title="Alat bedah">alat bedah</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Paduan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metalurgi_serbuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metalurgi serbuk (halaman belum tersedia)">metalurgi serbuk</a> mengandung hingga 18% vanadium. Kandungan vanadium karbida yang tinggi dalam paduan tersebut akan meningkatkan ketahanan aus secara signifikan. Salah satu aplikasi untuk paduan tersebut adalah peralatan dan pisau.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Vanadium dapat menstabilkan bentuk beta titanium serta meningkatkan kekuatan dan stabilitas suhu dari titanium. Dicampur dengan <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a> dalam paduan <a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a>, ia digunakan dalam <a href="/wiki/Mesin_jet" title="Mesin jet">mesin jet</a>, badan pesawat berkecepatan tinggi, dan <a href="/wiki/Implan_gigi" title="Implan gigi">implan gigi</a>. Paduan yang paling umum untuk pemipaan mulus adalah <a href="/wiki/Paduan_titanium#Nilai_titanium" title="Paduan titanium">Titanium 3/2.5</a> yang mengandung 2,5% vanadium, paduan titanium pilihan dalam industri kedirgantaraan, pertahanan, dan sepeda.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Paduan umum lainnya, diproduksi terutama dalam bentuk lembaran, adalah <a href="/wiki/Paduan_titanium" title="Paduan titanium">Titanium 6AL-4V</a>, sebuah paduan titanium dengan 6% aluminium dan 4% vanadium.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Beberapa paduan vanadium menunjukkan perilaku superkonduktor. Superkonduktor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fase_A15&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fase A15 (halaman belum tersedia)">fase A15</a> pertama adalah senyawa vanadium, V3Si, yang ditemukan pada tahun 1952.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Pita <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium%E2%80%93galium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium–galium (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadium–galium</a> digunakan dalam magnet <a href="/wiki/Superkonduktivitas" title="Superkonduktivitas">superkonduktor</a> (17,5 <a href="/wiki/Tesla_(satuan)" title="Tesla (satuan)">tesla</a> atau 175.000 <a href="/wiki/Gauss_(satuan)" title="Gauss (satuan)">gauss</a>). Struktur superkonduktor fase A15 dari V3Ga mirip dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niobium%E2%80%93timah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niobium–timah (halaman belum tersedia)">Nb3Sn</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niobium%E2%80%93titanium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niobium–titanium (halaman belum tersedia)">Nb3Ti</a> yang lebih umum.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Telah ditemukan bahwa sejumlah kecil, 40 hingga 270 ppm, vanadium dalam <a href="/wiki/Baja_Wootz" title="Baja Wootz">baja Wootz</a> secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan kekuatan produk, dan memberikan pola yang khas. Sumber vanadium dalam batangan baja Wootz asli masih belum diketahui.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Vanadium dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti <a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">molibdenum</a> dalam perisai baja, meskipun paduan yang dihasilkan jauh lebih rapuh dan rentan terhadap benturan nonpenetrasi.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Reich Ketiga adalah salah satu pengguna yang paling menonjol dari paduan semacam itu, pada kendaraan lapis baja seperti <a href="/wiki/Tiger_II" title="Tiger II">Tiger II</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Jagdtiger" title="Jagdtiger">Jagdtiger</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Katalis">Katalis</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Katalis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Katalis">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vanadium_pentoxide_powder.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Vanadium_pentoxide_powder.jpg/170px-Vanadium_pentoxide_powder.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Vanadium_pentoxide_powder.jpg/255px-Vanadium_pentoxide_powder.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Vanadium_pentoxide_powder.jpg/340px-Vanadium_pentoxide_powder.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vanadium(V)_oksida" title="Vanadium(V) oksida">Vanadium(V) oksida</a> adalah katalis dalam <a href="/wiki/Proses_kontak" title="Proses kontak">proses kontak</a> untuk menghasilkan asam sulfat.</figcaption></figure> Senyawa vanadium digunakan secara luas sebagai katalis;<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vanadium(V)_oksida" title="Vanadium(V) oksida">Vanadium pentoksida</a>, V2O5, digunakan sebagai <a href="/wiki/Katalisis" title="Katalisis">katalis</a> dalam pembuatan asam sulfat melalui <a href="/wiki/Proses_kontak" title="Proses kontak">proses kontak</a>:<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> Dalam proses ini, <a href="/wiki/Belerang_dioksida" title="Belerang dioksida">belerang dioksida</a> (SO2) akan dioksidasi menjadi <a href="/wiki/Belerang_trioksida" title="Belerang trioksida">trioksida</a> (SO3):<a href="#cite_note-HollemanAF-17">[17]</a> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Redoks" title="Redoks">reaksi redoks</a> ini, belerang akan dioksidasi dari +4 menjadi +6, dan vanadium direduksi dari +5 menjadi +4: <dl><dd>V2O5 + SO2 → 2 VO2 + SO3</dd></dl> Vanadium pentoksida diregenerasi melalui oksidasi dengan udara: <dl><dd>4 VO2 + O2 → 2 V2O5</dd></dl> Oksidasi serupa digunakan dalam produksi <a href="/wiki/Maleat_anhidrida" title="Maleat anhidrida">maleat anhidrida</a>: <dl><dd>C4H10 + 3.5 O2 → C4H2O3 + 4 H2O</dd></dl> <a href="/wiki/Ftalat_anhidrida" title="Ftalat anhidrida">Ftalat anhidrida</a> dan beberapa senyawa organik curah lainnya diproduksi dengan cara yang sama. Proses <a href="/wiki/Kimia_hijau" title="Kimia hijau">kimia ramah lingkungan</a> ini dapat mengubah bahan baku murah menjadi zat antara yang sangat fungsional dan serbaguna.<a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Vanadium adalah sebuah komponen penting dari katalis oksida logam campuran yang digunakan dalam oksidasi propana dan propilena menjadi akrolein, asam akrilat<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> atau amoksidasi propilena menjadi akrilonitril.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kegunaan_lainnya">Kegunaan lainnya</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Kegunaan lainnya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kegunaan lainnya">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_redoks_vanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai redoks vanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">Baterai redoks vanadium</a>, sejenis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_aliran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai aliran (halaman belum tersedia)">baterai aliran</a>, adalah sebuah sel elektrokimia yang terdiri dari ion vanadium berair dalam keadaan oksidasi yang berbeda.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-RychcikSkyllas-Kazacos1988-79">[79]</a> Baterai jenis ini pertama kali diusulkan pada tahun 1930-an dan dikembangkan secara komersial sejak tahun 1980-an. Sel-selnya menggunakan keadaan oksidasi formal +5 dan +2. Baterai vanadium redoks digunakan secara komersial untuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penyimpanan_energi_jaringan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penyimpanan energi jaringan (halaman belum tersedia)">penyimpanan energi jaringan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vanadat" title="Vanadat">Vanadat</a> dapat digunakan untuk melindungi baja dari karat dan korosi dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pelapisan_konversi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pelapisan konversi (halaman belum tersedia)">pelapisan konversi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Foil vanadium digunakan untuk melapisi titanium dengan baja karena ia kompatibel dengan besi dan titanium.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tangkapan_neutron" title="Tangkapan neutron">Penampang lintang penangkapan neutron termal</a> yang sedang dan waktu paruh pendek dari isotop yang dihasilkan melalui penangkapan neutron menjadikan vanadium sebagai bahan yang cocok untuk struktur bagian dalam <a href="/wiki/Tenaga_fusi" title="Tenaga fusi">reaktor fusi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Vanadium dapat ditambahkan dalam jumlah kecil (< 5%) ke katoda <a href="/wiki/Baterai_litium_besi_fosfat" title="Baterai litium besi fosfat">baterai LFP</a> untuk meningkatkan konduktivitas ionik.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usulan">Usulan</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Usulan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Usulan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Litium_vanadium_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litium vanadium oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">Litium vanadium oksida</a> telah diusulkan untuk digunakan sebagai anoda berdensitas energi tinggi untuk <a href="/wiki/Baterai_ion_litium" title="Baterai ion litium">baterai ion litium</a>, pada 745 Wh/L bila dipasangkan dengan katoda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Litium_kobalt_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Litium kobalt oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">litium kobalt oksida</a>.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_fosfat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium fosfat (halaman belum tersedia)">Vanadium fosfat</a> telah diusulkan sebagai katoda dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_litium_vanadium_fosfat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai litium vanadium fosfat (halaman belum tersedia)">baterai litium vanadium fosfat</a>, jenis lain dari baterai ion litium.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Peran_biologis">Peran biologis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Peran biologis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Peran biologis">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Vanadium memiliki peran yang lebih signifikan di lingkungan laut daripada di darat.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Bluebell_tunicates_Nick_Hobgood.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bluebell_tunicates_Nick_Hobgood.jpg/220px-Bluebell_tunicates_Nick_Hobgood.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bluebell_tunicates_Nick_Hobgood.jpg/330px-Bluebell_tunicates_Nick_Hobgood.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bluebell_tunicates_Nick_Hobgood.jpg/440px-Bluebell_tunicates_Nick_Hobgood.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2415" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Urochordata" class="mw-redirect" title="Urochordata">Tunikata</a> seperti tunikata bluebell ini mengandung vanadium sebagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanabin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanabin (halaman belum tersedia)">vanabin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Amanita_muscaria_3_vliegenzwammen_op_rij.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Amanita_muscaria_3_vliegenzwammen_op_rij.jpg/220px-Amanita_muscaria_3_vliegenzwammen_op_rij.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Amanita_muscaria_3_vliegenzwammen_op_rij.jpg/330px-Amanita_muscaria_3_vliegenzwammen_op_rij.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Amanita_muscaria_3_vliegenzwammen_op_rij.jpg/440px-Amanita_muscaria_3_vliegenzwammen_op_rij.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Amanita_muscaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita muscaria">Amanita muscaria</a> mengandung <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amavadin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amavadin (halaman belum tersedia)">amavadin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vanadoenzim">Vanadoenzim</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Vanadoenzim" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Vanadoenzim">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Beberapa spesies <a href="/wiki/Alga" title="Alga">alga</a> laut menghasilkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_bromoperoksidase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium bromoperoksidase (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadium bromoperoksidase</a> serta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klorida_peroksidase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klorida peroksidase (halaman belum tersedia)">kloroperoksidase</a> (yang mungkin menggunakan kofaktor vanadium atau <a href="/wiki/Heme" title="Heme">heme</a>) dan <a href="/wiki/Tiroid_peroksidase" title="Tiroid peroksidase">iodoperoksidase</a> yang terkait erat. Bromoperoksidase ini dapat menghasilkan sekitar 1–2 juta ton <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bromoform&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bromoform (halaman belum tersedia)">bromoform</a> dan 56.000 ton <a href="/wiki/Bromometana" title="Bromometana">bromometana</a> setiap tahunnya.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Sebagian besar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimia_organobromin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimia organobromin (halaman belum tersedia)">senyawa organobromin</a> alami diproduksi oleh enzim ini,<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> mengatalisasi reaksi berikut (R-H adalah substrat hidrokarbon): <div style="padding-left: 3em; padding-right:0em; overflow: hidden;">R-H + Br− + H2O2 → R-Br + H2O + OH−</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_nitrogenase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium nitrogenase (halaman belum tersedia)">Vanadium nitrogenase</a> digunakan oleh beberapa mikroorganisme <a href="/wiki/Pengikatan_nitrogen" title="Pengikatan nitrogen">pengikat nitrogen</a>, seperti <a href="/wiki/Azotobacter" title="Azotobacter">Azotobacter</a>. Dalam peran ini, vanadium berfungsi menggantikan <a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">molibdenum</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">besi</a> yang lebih umum, dan memberikan sifat <a href="/wiki/Nitrogenase" title="Nitrogenase">nitrogenase</a> yang sedikit berbeda.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Akumulasi_vanadium_pada_tunikata">Akumulasi vanadium pada tunikata</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Akumulasi vanadium pada tunikata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Akumulasi vanadium pada tunikata">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Vanadium sangatlah penting untuk <a href="/wiki/Urochordata" class="mw-redirect" title="Urochordata">tunikata</a>, di mana ia disimpan dalam <a href="/wiki/Vakuola" title="Vakuola">vakuola</a> yang sangat diasamkan dari jenis sel darah tertentu, yang disebut <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadosit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadosit (halaman belum tersedia)">vanadosit</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanabin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanabin (halaman belum tersedia)">Vanabin</a> (protein pengikat vanadium) telah diidentifikasi dalam sitoplasma sel tersebut. Konsentrasi vanadium dalam darah tunikata <a href="/wiki/Ascidiacea" title="Ascidiacea">Ascidiacea</a> ialah sebanyak 10 juta kali lebih tinggi[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mengutip_sumber" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Mengutip sumber">perinci lagi</a>]<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> dari air laut di sekitarnya, yang biasanya mengandung 1 hingga 2 µg/L.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Fungsi dari sistem konsentrasi vanadium ini dan protein pengandung vanadium ini masih belum diketahui, tetapi vanadosit kemudian disimpan tepat di bawah permukaan luar tunik, di mana mereka dapat menghalangi <a href="/wiki/Pemangsaan" title="Pemangsaan">pemangsaan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fungi">Fungi</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Fungi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Fungi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Amanita_muscaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita muscaria">Amanita muscaria</a> dan spesies makrofungi terkait dapat mengakumulasi vanadium (hingga 500 mg/kg berat kering). Vanadium hadir dalam <a href="/wiki/Kompleks_koordinasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kompleks koordinasi">kompleks koordinasi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amavadin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amavadin (halaman belum tersedia)">amavadin</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> dalam tubuh buah jamur. Kegunaan utama dari akumulasi ini tidaklah diketahui.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> Fungsi enzim beracun atau <a href="/wiki/Peroksidase" title="Peroksidase">peroksidase</a> telah diperkirakan.<a href="#cite_note-da_Silva_Fraústo_2013-100">[100]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mamalia">Mamalia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bagian: Mamalia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Mamalia">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Kekurangan vanadium akan mengakibatkan berkurangnya pertumbuhan pada tikus.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Institut Kedokteran A.S. belum mengonfirmasi apakah vanadium merupakan nutrisi penting bagi manusia, sehingga baik Asupan Kecukupan Gizi ataupun Asupan Adekuat belum ditetapkan. Asupan makanan diperkirakan 6 hingga 18 µg/hari, dengan kurang dari 5% diserap. <a href="/wiki/Asupan_Referensi_Diet#Parameter" title="Asupan Referensi Diet">Batas Atas Asupan</a> (UL) dari vanadium makanan, di luar itu efek samping dapat terjadi, ditetapkan pada 1,8 mg/hari.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penelitian">Penelitian</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bagian: Penelitian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penelitian">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadil_sulfat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadil sulfat (halaman belum tersedia)">Vanadil sulfat</a> sebagai suplemen makanan telah diteliti sebagai cara untuk meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin atau meningkatkan kontrol glikemik pada orang yang menderita diabetes. Beberapa uji coba memiliki efek pengobatan yang signifikan tetapi dianggap memiliki kualitas studi yang buruk. Jumlah vanadium yang digunakan dalam uji coba ini (30 hingga 150 mg) jauh melebihi batas atas yang aman.<a href="#cite_note-Smith2008-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> Kesimpulan dari tinjauan sistemik ini adalah "Tidak ada bukti kuat bahwa suplementasi vanadium oral dapat meningkatkan kontrol glikemik pada diabetes tipe 2. Penggunaan rutin vanadium untuk tujuan ini tidak dapat direkomendasikan."<a href="#cite_note-Smith2008-103">[103]</a> Dalam <a href="/wiki/Astrobiologi" title="Astrobiologi">astrobiologi</a>, telah diperkirakan bahwa akumulasi vanadium diskrit di <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> dapat menjadi <a href="/wiki/Tanda_biologis" title="Tanda biologis">tanda biologis</a> mikroba yang potensial bila digunakan bersamaan dengan morfologi dan <a href="/wiki/Spektroskopi_Raman" title="Spektroskopi Raman">spektroskopi Raman</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Biosignature_Vanadium-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-Vanadium_Craig-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keamanan">Keamanan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Sunting bagian: Keamanan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keamanan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Semua senyawa vanadium harus dianggap beracun.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadil_sulfat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadil sulfat (halaman belum tersedia)">VOSO4</a> tetravalen telah dilaporkan setidaknya 5 kali lebih beracun daripada V2O3 trivalen.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Administrasi_Keselamatan_dan_Kesehatan_Kerja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Administrasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (halaman belum tersedia)">Administrasi Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja</a> A.S. (OSHA) telah menetapkan batas paparan sebesar 0,05 mg/m3 untuk debu vanadium pentoksida dan 0,1 mg/m3 untuk asap vanadium pentoksida di udara tempat kerja selama 8 jam hari kerja, 40 jam kerja seminggu.<a href="#cite_note-OSHA-109">[109]</a> <a href="/wiki/Institut_Nasional_untuk_Keselamatan_dan_Kesehatan_Kerja" title="Institut Nasional untuk Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja">Institut Nasional untuk Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja</a> A.S. (NIOSH) telah merekomendasikan bahwa 35 mg/m3 vanadium dianggap langsung berbahaya bagi kehidupan dan kesehatan, yaitu kemungkinan dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan permanen atau bahkan kematian.<a href="#cite_note-OSHA-109">[109]</a> Senyawa vanadium diserap dengan buruk melalui sistem pencernaan. Menghirup vanadium dan senyawa vanadium dapat menyebabkan efek buruk pada sistem pernapasan.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-ress-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Namun, data kuantitatif tidak cukup untuk mendapatkan dosis referensi inhalasi subkronis atau kronis. Efek lainnya telah dilaporkan setelah paparan oral atau inhalasi pada parameter darah,<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> hati,<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> perkembangan saraf,<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> dan organ lain<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> pada tikus. Terdapat sedikit bukti bahwa vanadium atau senyawa vanadium adalah racun atau <a href="/wiki/Teratologi" title="Teratologi">teratogen</a> reproduktif. Vanadium pentoksida dilaporkan bersifat karsinogenik pada tikus kecil jantan serta pada tikus besar jantan dan betina melalui inhalasi dalam studi NTP,<a href="#cite_note-ress-111">[111]</a> meskipun interpretasi hasil tersebut telah diperdebatkan beberapa tahun setelah laporan tersebut dikeluarkan.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Karsinogenisitas vanadium belum ditentukan oleh <a href="/wiki/Badan_Perlindungan_Lingkungan_Amerika_Serikat" title="Badan Perlindungan Lingkungan Amerika Serikat">Badan Perlindungan Lingkungan Amerika Serikat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Sejumlah kecil vanadium dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahan_bakar_diesel" title="Bahan bakar diesel">bahan bakar diesel</a> adalah komponen bahan bakar utama dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korosi_suhu_tinggi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korosi suhu tinggi (halaman belum tersedia)">korosi suhu tinggi</a>. Selama pembakaran, vanadium akan mengoksidasi dan bereaksi dengan natrium dan belerang, menghasilkan senyawa <a href="/wiki/Vanadat" title="Vanadat">vanadat</a> dengan titik lebur serendah 530 °C (986 °F), yang akan menyerang <a href="/wiki/Pasivasi_(kimia)" title="Pasivasi (kimia)">lapisan pasivasi</a> baja dan membuatnya rentan terhadap korosi. Senyawa vanadium padat juga dapat mengikis komponen mesin.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=23" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_aliran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai aliran (halaman belum tersedia)">Baterai aliran</a> – Jenis sel elektrokimia</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baterai_redoks_vanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baterai redoks vanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">Baterai redoks vanadium</a> – Jenis baterai aliran yang dapat diisi ulang</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penyimpanan_energi_jaringan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penyimpanan energi jaringan (halaman belum tersedia)">Penyimpanan energi jaringan</a> – Manajemen pasokan listrik skala besar</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siklus_vanadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siklus vanadium (halaman belum tersedia)">Siklus vanadium</a> – Pertukaran vanadium antara kerak benua dan air laut</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simposium_Vanadium_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simposium Vanadium Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">Simposium Vanadium Internasional</a> – Acara interdisiplin dua tahunan</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tambang_Green_Giant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tambang Green Giant (halaman belum tersedia)">Tambang Green Giant</a> – Tambang vanadium di Madagaskar</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_karbida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium karbida (halaman belum tersedia)">Vanadium karbida</a> – Bahan keramik refraktori yang sangat keras</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_tetraklorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium tetraklorida (halaman belum tersedia)">Vanadium(IV) klorida</a> – Reagen kimia yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan senyawa vanadium lainnya</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanadium(V)_oksida" title="Vanadium(V) oksida">Vanadium(V) oksida</a> – Prekursor paduan vanadium dan katalis industri</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=24" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> (Indonesia) <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/vanadium">"Vanadium"</a>. KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KBBI+Daring&rft.atitle=Vanadium&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkbbi.kemdikbud.go.id%2Fentri%2Fvanadium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 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G. (1831). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210910010050/https://zenodo.org/record/1423544">"Ueber das Vanadin, ein neues Metall, gefunden im Stangeneisen von Eckersholm, einer Eisenhütte, die ihr Erz von Taberg in Småland bezieht"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Annalen_der_Physik_und_Chemie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Annalen der Physik und Chemie (halaman belum tersedia)">Annalen der Physik und Chemie</a>. 97 (1): 43–49. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1831AnP....97...43S">1831AnP....97...43S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fandp.18310970103">10.1002/andp.18310970103</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/1423544">versi asli</a> tanggal 10 September 2021. Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annalen+der+Physik+und+Chemie&rft.atitle=Ueber+das+Vanadin%2C+ein+neues+Metall%2C+gefunden+im+Stangeneisen+von+Eckersholm%2C+einer+Eisenh%C3%BCtte%2C+die+ihr+Erz+von+Taberg+in+Sm%C3%A5land+bezieht&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=43-49&rft.date=1831&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fandp.18310970103&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1831AnP....97...43S&rft.aulast=Sefstr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=N.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1423544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-vanadium3-5"><a href="#cite_ref-vanadium3_5-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Marshall, James L.; Marshall, Virginia R. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230330044956/https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc111200/m2/1/high_res_d/metadc111200.pdf">"Rediscovery of the Elements: The "Undiscovery" of Vanadium"</a> (PDF). unt.edu. The Hexagon. hlm. 45. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc111200/m2/1/high_res_d/metadc111200.pdf">versi asli</a> (PDF) tanggal 30 Maret 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unt.edu&rft.atitle=Rediscovery+of+the+Elements%3A+The+%22Undiscovery%22+of+Vanadium&rft.pages=45&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=James+L.&rft.au=Marshall%2C+Virginia+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetadc111200%2Fm2%2F1%2Fhigh_res_d%2Fmetadc111200.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Featherstonhaugh, George William (1831). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/monthlyamericanj11831phil#page/68/mode/2up/search/rionium">"New Metal, provisionally called Vanadium"</a>. The Monthly American Journal of Geology and Natural Science: 69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Monthly+American+Journal+of+Geology+and+Natural+Science&rft.atitle=New+Metal%2C+provisionally+called+Vanadium&rft.pages=69&rft.date=1831&rft.aulast=Featherstonhaugh&rft.aufirst=George+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fmonthlyamericanj11831phil%23page%2F68%2Fmode%2F2up%2Fsearch%2Frionium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Habashi, Fathi (Januari 2001). "Historical Introduction to Refractory Metals". Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review. 22 (1): 25–53. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001MPEMR..22...25H">2001MPEMR..22...25H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F08827509808962488">10.1080/08827509808962488</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mineral+Processing+and+Extractive+Metallurgy+Review&rft.atitle=Historical+Introduction+to+Refractory+Metals&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=25-53&rft.date=2001-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F08827509808962488&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001MPEMR..22...25H&rft.aulast=Habashi&rft.aufirst=Fathi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Roscoe-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Roscoe_8-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210909211727/https://zenodo.org/record/1432055">"XIX. 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Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.atitle=XIX.+Researches+on+vanadium&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=114%E2%80%93122&rft.pages=37-42&rft.date=1870-12-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspl.1869.0012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1432055&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Marden-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Marden_9-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Marden, J. 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Wiley-IEEE. hlm. 158–159. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-471-22563-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-471-22563-8">978-0-471-22563-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Managing+Technological+Innovation%3A+Competitive+Advantage+from+Change&rft.pages=158-159&rft.pub=Wiley-IEEE&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-471-22563-8&rft.aulast=Betz&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKnpGtu-R77UC%26pg%3DPA158&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Busch1961-11"><a href="#cite_ref-Busch1961_11-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Busch, Phillip Maxwell (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230423075450/https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc170746/">Vanadium: A Materials Survey</a>. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines. hlm. 65. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/934517147">934517147</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc170746/">versi asli</a> tanggal 23 April 2023. Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vanadium%3A+A+Materials+Survey&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+the+Interior%2C+Bureau+of+Mines&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F934517147&rft.aulast=Busch&rft.aufirst=Phillip+Maxwell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetadc170746%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Wise, James M. (Mei 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210910012241/https://www.southamericatotheworld.com/remarkable-folded-dacitic-dikes-at-mina-ragra-peru/">"Remarkable folded dacitic dikes at Mina Ragra, Peru"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.southamericatotheworld.com/remarkable-folded-dacitic-dikes-at-mina-ragra-peru/">versi asli</a> tanggal 10 September 2021. Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Remarkable+folded+dacitic+dikes+at+Mina+Ragra%2C+Peru&rft.date=2018-05&rft.aulast=Wise&rft.aufirst=James+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.southamericatotheworld.com%2Fremarkable-folded-dacitic-dikes-at-mina-ragra-peru%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Wolfgang_Martin_Henze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Wolfgang Martin Henze (halaman belum tersedia)">Henze, M.</a> (1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x5g8AAAAIAAJ">"Untersuchungen über das Blut der Ascidien. I. Mitteilung"</a>. Z. Physiol. Chem. 72 (5–6): 494–50. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fbchm2.1911.72.5-6.494">10.1515/bchm2.1911.72.5-6.494</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Z.+Physiol.+Chem.&rft.atitle=Untersuchungen+%C3%BCber+das+Blut+der+Ascidien.+I.+Mitteilung&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5%E2%80%936&rft.pages=494-50&rft.date=1911&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2Fbchm2.1911.72.5-6.494&rft.aulast=Henze&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dx5g8AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-michibata2002-14"><a href="#cite_ref-michibata2002_14-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Michibata, H.; Uyama, T.; Ueki, T.; Kanamori, K. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200317132408/https://ir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/files/public/0/22/20141016115442843522/MicroscopResTech_56_421-434_2002.pdf">"Vanadocytes, cells hold the key to resolving the highly selective accumulation and reduction of vanadium in ascidians"</a> (PDF). Microscopy Research and Technique. 56 (6): 421–434. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjemt.10042">10.1002/jemt.10042</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11921344">11921344</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/files/public/0/22/20141016115442843522/MicroscopResTech_56_421-434_2002.pdf">versi asli</a> (PDF) tanggal 17 Maret 2020. Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microscopy+Research+and+Technique&rft.atitle=Vanadocytes%2C+cells+hold+the+key+to+resolving+the+highly+selective+accumulation+and+reduction+of+vanadium+in+ascidians&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=421-434&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fjemt.10042&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11921344&rft.aulast=Michibata&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Uyama%2C+T.&rft.au=Ueki%2C+T.&rft.au=Kanamori%2C+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp%2Ffiles%2Fpublic%2F0%2F22%2F20141016115442843522%2FMicroscopResTech_56_421-434_2002.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <cite class="citation book">George F. Vander Voort (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GRQC8zYqtBIC&pg=PA137">Metallography, principles and practice</a>. ASM International. hlm. 137–. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-87170-672-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-87170-672-0">978-0-87170-672-0</a>. Diakses tanggal 17 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Metallography%2C+principles+and+practice&rft.pages=137-&rft.pub=ASM+International&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-87170-672-0&rft.au=George+F.+Vander+Voort&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGRQC8zYqtBIC%26pg%3DPA137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Cardarelli, François (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PvU-qbQJq7IC&pg=PA338">Materials handbook: a concise desktop reference</a>. Springer. hlm. 338–. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-84628-668-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-84628-668-1">978-1-84628-668-1</a>. Diakses tanggal 17 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Materials+handbook%3A+a+concise+desktop+reference&rft.pages=338-&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-84628-668-1&rft.aulast=Cardarelli&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPvU-qbQJq7IC%26pg%3DPA338&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-HollemanAF-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_17-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_17-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HollemanAF_17-6">g</a> <cite class="citation book">Holleman, Arnold F.; Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (1985). "Vanadium". Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie (dalam bahasa Jerman) (edisi ke-91–100). Walter de Gruyter. hlm. 1071–1075. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-3-11-007511-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-3-11-007511-3">978-3-11-007511-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vanadium&rft.btitle=Lehrbuch+der+Anorganischen+Chemie&rft.pages=1071-1075&rft.edition=91%E2%80%93100&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-3-11-007511-3&rft.aulast=Holleman&rft.aufirst=Arnold+F.&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+Egon&rft.au=Wiberg%2C+Nils&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Nisbett, Edward G. (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CR7WysF3SScC&dq=Vanadium+is+oxidized+in+air+at+about+933+K+(660+%C2%B0C,+1220+%C2%B0F)&pg=PA59">Steel Forgings: A Symposium Sponsored by ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys, Williamsburg, VA, 28-30 Nov., 1984</a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). ASTM International. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8031-0465-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8031-0465-5">978-0-8031-0465-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Steel+Forgings%3A+A+Symposium+Sponsored+by+ASTM+Committee+A-1+on+Steel%2C+Stainless+Steel%2C+and+Related+Alloys%2C+Williamsburg%2C+VA%2C+28-30+Nov.%2C+1984&rft.pub=ASTM+International&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-8031-0465-5&rft.aulast=Nisbett&rft.aufirst=Edward+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCR7WysF3SScC%26dq%3DVanadium%2Bis%2Boxidized%2Bin%2Bair%2Bat%2Babout%2B933%2BK%2B%28660%2B%25C2%25B0C%2C%2B1220%2B%25C2%25B0F%29%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Rehder-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rehder_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rehder_19-1">b</a> <cite class="citation book">Rehder, D.; Polenova, T.; Bühl, M. (2007). Vanadium-51 NMR. Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy. 62. hlm. 49–114. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0066-4103%2807%2962002-X">10.1016/S0066-4103(07)62002-X</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-12-373919-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-12-373919-3">978-0-12-373919-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vanadium-51+NMR&rft.series=Annual+Reports+on+NMR+Spectroscopy&rft.pages=49-114&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0066-4103%2807%2962002-X&rft.isbn=978-0-12-373919-3&rft.aulast=Rehder&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Polenova%2C+T.&rft.au=B%C3%BChl%2C+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFAudiBersillonBlachotWapstra2003" class="citation">Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00020241/document">"The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties"</a>, Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003NuPhA.729....3A">2003NuPhA.729....3A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2003.11.001">10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nuclear+Physics+A&rft.atitle=The+N%3Csmall%3EUBASE%3C%2Fsmall%3E+evaluation+of+nuclear+and+decay+properties&rft.volume=729&rft.pages=3-128&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2003.11.001&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003NuPhA.729....3A&rft.aulast=Audi&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft.au=Bersillon%2C+Olivier&rft.au=Blachot%2C+Jean&rft.au=Wapstra%2C+Aaldert+Hendrik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhal.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Fin2p3-00020241%2Fdocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-NUBASE2020-21"><a href="#cite_ref-NUBASE2020_21-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Kondev, F.G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W.J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www-nds.iaea.org/amdc/ame2020/NUBASE2020.pdf">"The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"</a> (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1674-1137%2Fabddae">10.1088/1674-1137/abddae</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chinese+Physics+C&rft.atitle=The+NUBASE2020+evaluation+of+nuclear+properties&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=030001&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F1674-1137%2Fabddae&rft.aulast=Kondev&rft.aufirst=F.G.&rft.au=Wang%2C+M.&rft.au=Huang%2C+W.J.&rft.au=Naimi%2C+S.&rft.au=Audi%2C+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww-nds.iaea.org%2Famdc%2Fame2020%2FNUBASE2020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Norman_N.;_Earnshaw,_A.1997" class="citation">Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, hlm. 984, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7506-3365-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=984&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7506-3365-4&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Norman+N.%3B+Earnshaw%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Sinning, Irmgard; Hol, Wim G. J. (2004). "The power of vanadate in crystallographic investigations of phosphoryl transfer enzymes". FEBS Letters. 577 (3): 315–21. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2004.10.022">10.1016/j.febslet.2004.10.022</a> <img alt="alt=Dapat diakses gratis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15556602">15556602</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEBS+Letters&rft.atitle=The+power+of+vanadate+in+crystallographic+investigations+of+phosphoryl+transfer+enzymes&rft.volume=577&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=315-21&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2004.10.022&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15556602&rft.aulast=Sinning&rft.aufirst=Irmgard&rft.au=Hol%2C+Wim+G.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Seargeant, L E; Stinson, R A (1 Juli 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1161148">"Inhibition of human alkaline phosphatases by vanadate"</a>. Biochemical Journal. 181 (1): 247–250. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1042%2Fbj1810247">10.1042/bj1810247</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1161148">1161148</a> <img alt="alt=Dapat diakses gratis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/486156">486156</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+Journal&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+human+alkaline+phosphatases+by+vanadate&rft.volume=181&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=247-250&rft.date=1979-07-01&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1161148&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F486156&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1042%2Fbj1810247&rft.aulast=Seargeant&rft.aufirst=L+E&rft.au=Stinson%2C+R+A&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1161148&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Crans, Debbie C.; Simone, Carmen M. (9 Juli 1991). "Nonreductive interaction of vanadate with an enzyme containing a thiol group in the active site: glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase". Biochemistry. 30 (27): 6734–6741. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fbi00241a015">10.1021/bi00241a015</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2065057">2065057</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Nonreductive+interaction+of+vanadate+with+an+enzyme+containing+a+thiol+group+in+the+active+site%3A+glycerol-3-phosphate+dehydrogenase&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=27&rft.pages=6734-6741&rft.date=1991-07-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fbi00241a015&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F2065057&rft.aulast=Crans&rft.aufirst=Debbie+C.&rft.au=Simone%2C+Carmen+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Karlish, S. J. D.; Beaugé, L. A.; Glynn, I. M. (November 1979). "Vanadate inhibits (Na+ + K+)ATPase by blocking a conformational change of the unphosphorylated form". Nature. 282 (5736): 333–335. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1979Natur.282..333K">1979Natur.282..333K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F282333a0">10.1038/282333a0</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/228199">228199</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Vanadate+inhibits+%28Na%2B+%2B+K%2B%29ATPase+by+blocking+a+conformational+change+of+the+unphosphorylated+form&rft.volume=282&rft.issue=5736&rft.pages=333-335&rft.date=1979-11&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F228199&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F282333a0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1979Natur.282..333K&rft.aulast=Karlish&rft.aufirst=S.+J.+D.&rft.au=Beaug%C3%A9%2C+L.+A.&rft.au=Glynn%2C+I.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Norman_N.;_Earnshaw,_A.1997" class="citation">Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, hlm. 988, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7506-3365-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=988&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7506-3365-4&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Norman+N.%3B+Earnshaw%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Crans, Debbie C. (18 Desember 2015). "Antidiabetic, Chemical, and Physical Properties of Organic Vanadates as Presumed Transition-State Inhibitors for Phosphatases". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 80 (24): 11899–11915. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Facs.joc.5b02229">10.1021/acs.joc.5b02229</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26544762">26544762</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Organic+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Antidiabetic%2C+Chemical%2C+and+Physical+Properties+of+Organic+Vanadates+as+Presumed+Transition-State+Inhibitors+for+Phosphatases&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=24&rft.pages=11899-11915&rft.date=2015-12-18&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Facs.joc.5b02229&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26544762&rft.aulast=Crans&rft.aufirst=Debbie+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> Jung, Sabrina (2018). Speciation of molybdenum- and vanadium-based polyoxometalate species in aqueous medium and gas-phase and its consequences for M1 structured MoV oxide synthesis (Tesis). <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.14279%2Fdepositonce-7254">10.14279/depositonce-7254</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Speciation+of+molybdenum-+and+vanadium-based+polyoxometalate+species+in+aqueous+medium+and+gas-phase+and+its+consequences+for+M1+structured+MoV+oxide+synthesis&rft.aulast=Jung&rft.aufirst=Sabrina&rft.au=Jung%2C%26%2332%3BSabrina&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info:doi/10.14279%2Fdepositonce-7254&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Vanadium">  </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFCruywagen1999" class="citation">Cruywagen, J. J. (1 Januari 1999), Sykes, A. G., ed., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0898883808602706">Protonation, Oligomerization, and Condensation Reactions of Vanadate(V), Molybdate(VI), and Tungstate(VI)</a>, Advances in Inorganic Chemistry (dalam bahasa Inggris), 49, Academic Press, hlm. 127–182, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0898-8838%2808%2960270-6">10.1016/S0898-8838(08)60270-6</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-12-023649-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-12-023649-7">978-0-12-023649-7</a>, diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Protonation%2C+Oligomerization%2C+and+Condensation+Reactions+of+Vanadate%28V%29%2C+Molybdate%28VI%29%2C+and+Tungstate%28VI%29&rft.series=Advances+in+Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.pages=127-182&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1999-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0898-8838%2808%2960270-6&rft.isbn=978-0-12-023649-7&rft.aulast=Cruywagen&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0898883808602706&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Tracey, Alan S.; Willsky, Gail R.; Takeuchi, Esther S. (19 Maret 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vkMGP3PiuyYC&dq=+protonation+of+the+tetrahedral+species+%5BH2VO4%5D%E2%88%92+results+in+the+preferential+formation+of+the+octahedral+%5BVO2(H2O)4%5D++species&pg=PP1">Vanadium: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Practical Applications</a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-4200-4614-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-4200-4614-4">978-1-4200-4614-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vanadium%3A+Chemistry%2C+Biochemistry%2C+Pharmacology+and+Practical+Applications&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2007-03-19&rft.isbn=978-1-4200-4614-4&rft.aulast=Tracey&rft.aufirst=Alan+S.&rft.au=Willsky%2C+Gail+R.&rft.au=Takeuchi%2C+Esther+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvkMGP3PiuyYC%26dq%3D%2Bprotonation%2Bof%2Bthe%2Btetrahedral%2Bspecies%2B%255BH2VO4%255D%25E2%2588%2592%2Bresults%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bpreferential%2Bformation%2Bof%2Bthe%2Boctahedral%2B%255BVO2%28H2O%294%255D%2B%2Bspecies%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Al-Kharafi, F.M.; Badawy, W.A. (January 1997). "Electrochemical behaviour of vanadium in aqueous solutions of different pH". Electrochimica Acta. 42 (4): 579–586. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0013-4686%2896%2900202-2">10.1016/S0013-4686(96)00202-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electrochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Electrochemical+behaviour+of+vanadium+in+aqueous+solutions+of+different+pH&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=579-586&rft.date=1997-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0013-4686%2896%2900202-2&rft.aulast=Al-Kharafi&rft.aufirst=F.M.&rft.au=Badawy%2C+W.A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Norman_N.;_Earnshaw,_A.1997" class="citation">Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7506-3365-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7506-3365-4&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Norman+N.%3B+Earnshaw%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) , hlm. 994. </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Strukul, Giorgio (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Lmt3x9CyfLgC&pg=PA128">Catalytic oxidations with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant</a>. Springer. hlm. 128. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-7923-1771-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-7923-1771-5">978-0-7923-1771-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catalytic+oxidations+with+hydrogen+peroxide+as+oxidant&rft.pages=128&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-7923-1771-5&rft.au=Strukul%2C+Giorgio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLmt3x9CyfLgC%26pg%3DPA128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-G&E989-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-G&E989_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-G&E989_35-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Norman_N.;_Earnshaw,_A.1997" class="citation">Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, hlm. 989, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7506-3365-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=989&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7506-3365-4&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Norman+N.%3B+Earnshaw%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Norman_N.;_Earnshaw,_A.1997" class="citation">Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, hlm. 993, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7506-3365-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=993&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7506-3365-4&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Norman+N.%3B+Earnshaw%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Flesch, Gerald D.; Svec, Harry J. (1 Agustus 1975). "Thermochemistry of vanadium oxytrichloride and vanadium oxytrifluoride by mass spectrometry". Inorganic Chemistry. 14 (8): 1817–1822. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fic50150a015">10.1021/ic50150a015</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Thermochemistry+of+vanadium+oxytrichloride+and+vanadium+oxytrifluoride+by+mass+spectrometry&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=1817-1822&rft.date=1975-08-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fic50150a015&rft.aulast=Flesch&rft.aufirst=Gerald+D.&rft.au=Svec%2C+Harry+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Iqbal, Javed; Bhatia, Beena; Nayyar, Naresh K. (March 1994). "Transition Metal-Promoted Free-Radical Reactions in Organic Synthesis: The Formation of Carbon-Carbon Bonds". Chemical Reviews. 94 (2): 519–564. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fcr00026a008">10.1021/cr00026a008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Reviews&rft.atitle=Transition+Metal-Promoted+Free-Radical+Reactions+in+Organic+Synthesis%3A+The+Formation+of+Carbon-Carbon+Bonds&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=519-564&rft.date=1994-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fcr00026a008&rft.aulast=Iqbal&rft.aufirst=Javed&rft.au=Bhatia%2C+Beena&rft.au=Nayyar%2C+Naresh+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGreenwood,_Norman_N.;_Earnshaw,_A.1997" class="citation">Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, hlm. 995, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7506-3365-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7506-3365-4">0-7506-3365-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=995&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7506-3365-4&rft.au=Greenwood%2C+Norman+N.%3B+Earnshaw%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988"> Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Geiser, Jan Nicholas (2019). Development of an improved state-of-charge sensor for the all-vanadium redox flow battery (Tesis). <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.22028%2FD291-29229">10.22028/D291-29229</a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Development+of+an+improved+state-of-charge+sensor+for+the+all-vanadium+redox+flow+battery&rft.aulast=Geiser&rft.aufirst=Jan+Nicholas&rft.au=Geiser%2C%26%2332%3BJan+Nicholas&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info:doi/10.22028%2FD291-29229&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Vanadium">  </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Nica, Simona; Rudolph, Manfred; Görls, Helmar; Plass, Winfried (April 2007). "Structural characterization and electrochemical behavior of oxovanadium(V) complexes with N-salicylidene hydrazides". 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Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+de+la+Sociedad+Espa%C3%B1ola+de+Mineralog%C3%ADa&rft.atitle=Discovery+of+Native+Vanadium%2C+a+New+Mineral+from+the+Colima+Volcano%2C+State+of+Colima+%28Mexico%29&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=109-110&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Ostrooumov%2C+M.&rft.au=Taran%2C+Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uhu.es%2Ffexp%2Fsem2015%2Farc%2Fmacla%2Fmacla_20_109-110.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210716205934/https://www.mindat.org/min-43604.html">"Vanadium: Vanadium mineral information and data"</a>. 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Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Chemical+Society&rft.atitle=The+Vanadium+Sulphide%2C+Patronite%2C+and+ITS+Mineral+Associates+from+Minasragra%2C+Peru&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=1019-1029&rft.date=1907&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fja01961a006&rft.aulast=Hillebrand&rft.aufirst=W.+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F1450154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Hewett, F. (1906). "A New Occurrence of Vanadium in Peru". The Engineering and Mining Journal. 82 (9): 385.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Engineering+and+Mining+Journal&rft.atitle=A+New+Occurrence+of+Vanadium+in+Peru&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=385&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Hewett&rft.aufirst=F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-scielo-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-scielo_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-scielo_50-1">b</a> <cite class="citation journal">Steinberg, W.S.; Geyser, W.; Nell, J. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210911093146/http://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/jsaimm/v111n10/v111n10a09.pdf">"The history and development of the pyrometallurgical processes at Evraz Highveld Steel & Vanadium"</a> (PDF). The Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. 111: 705–710. 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Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Southern+African+Institute+of+Mining+and+Metallurgy&rft.atitle=The+history+and+development+of+the+pyrometallurgical+processes+at+Evraz+Highveld+Steel+%26+Vanadium&rft.volume=111&rft.pages=705-710&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=W.S.&rft.au=Geyser%2C+W.&rft.au=Nell%2C+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.org.za%2Fpdf%2Fjsaimm%2Fv111n10%2Fv111n10a09.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210430004309/https://www.mindat.org/min-3131.html">"mineralogical data about Patrónite"</a>. mindata.org. 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International Journal of Mineral Processing. 15 (1–2): 89–102. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985IJMP...15...89H">1985IJMP...15...89H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0301-7516%2885%2990026-2">10.1016/0301-7516(85)90026-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Mineral+Processing&rft.atitle=The+production+of+vanadium+and+steel+from+titanomagnetites&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=89-102&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0301-7516%2885%2990026-2&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1985IJMP...15...89H&rft.aulast=Hukkanen&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.au=Walden%2C+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-usgs-54"><a href="#cite_ref-usgs_54-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Polyak, Désirée E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230207070837/https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2023/mcs2023-vanadium.pdf">"Mineral Commodity Summaries 2023: Vanadium"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Survei_Geologi_Amerika_Serikat" title="Survei Geologi Amerika Serikat">United States Geological Survey</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2023/mcs2023-vanadium.pdf">versi asli</a> (PDF) tanggal 7 Februari 2023. Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mineral+Commodity+Summaries+2023%3A+Vanadium&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Survey&rft.aulast=Polyak&rft.aufirst=D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fperiodicals%2Fmcs2023%2Fmcs2023-vanadium.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Pearson, C. D.; Green, J. B. 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Diakses tanggal 27 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%26+Fuels&rft.atitle=Vanadium+and+nickel+complexes+in+petroleum+resid+acid%2C+base%2C+and+neutral+fractions&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=338-346&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fef00039a001&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=C.+D.&rft.au=Green%2C+J.+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetadc1198139%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Anke, Manfred (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230419220209/https://analesranf.com/wp-content/uploads/2004/70_04/7004_06.pdf">"Vanadium: An element both essential and toxic to plants, animals and humans?"</a> (PDF). Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia. 70 (4): 961–999. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://analesranf.com/wp-content/uploads/2004/70_04/7004_06.pdf">versi asli</a> (PDF) tanggal 19 April 2023. Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anales+de+la+Real+Academia+Nacional+de+Farmacia&rft.atitle=Vanadium%3A+An+element+both+essential+and+toxic+to+plants%2C+animals+and+humans%3F&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=961-999&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Anke&rft.aufirst=Manfred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanalesranf.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2004%2F70_04%2F7004_06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Dyni, John R. (2006). "Geology and resources of some world oil-shale deposits". Scientific Investigations Report. hlm. 22. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3133%2Fsir29955294">10.3133/sir29955294</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Geology+and+resources+of+some+world+oil-shale+deposits&rft.btitle=Scientific+Investigations+Report&rft.pages=22&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3133%2Fsir29955294&rft.aulast=Dyni&rft.aufirst=John+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Dieter-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dieter_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dieter_58-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dieter_58-2">c</a> <cite class="citation book">Rehder, Dieter (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bioinorganicvana0000rehd">Bioinorganic Vanadium Chemistry</a>. Inorganic Chemistry (edisi ke-1st). Hamburg, Jerman: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bioinorganicvana0000rehd/page/n16">5</a>& 9–10. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9780470994429">10.1002/9780470994429</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-470-06509-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-470-06509-9">978-0-470-06509-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bioinorganic+Vanadium+Chemistry&rft.place=Hamburg%2C+Jerman&rft.series=Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.pages=5%26+9-10&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Ltd&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9780470994429&rft.isbn=978-0-470-06509-9&rft.aulast=Rehder&rft.aufirst=Dieter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbioinorganicvana0000rehd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Cowley, C. R.; Elste, G. H.; Urbanski, J. L. (Oktober 1978). "Vanadium abundances in early A stars". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 90: 536. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978PASP...90..536C">1978PASP...90..536C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F130379">10.1086/130379</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific&rft.atitle=Vanadium+abundances+in+early+A+stars&rft.volume=90&rft.pages=536&rft.date=1978-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F130379&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1978PASP...90..536C&rft.aulast=Cowley&rft.aufirst=C.+R.&rft.au=Elste%2C+G.+H.&rft.au=Urbanski%2C+J.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Moskalyk-60">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moskalyk_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moskalyk_60-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moskalyk_60-2">c</a> <cite class="citation journal">Moskalyk, R.R; Alfantazi, A.M (September 2003). "Processing of vanadium: a review". Minerals Engineering. 16 (9): 793–805. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003MiEng..16..793M">2003MiEng..16..793M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0892-6875%2803%2900213-9">10.1016/S0892-6875(03)00213-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Minerals+Engineering&rft.atitle=Processing+of+vanadium%3A+a+review&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=793-805&rft.date=2003-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0892-6875%2803%2900213-9&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003MiEng..16..793M&rft.aulast=Moskalyk&rft.aufirst=R.R&rft.au=Alfantazi%2C+A.M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Carlson, O. N.; Owen, C. V. (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-electrochemical-society_1961-01_108_1/page/88">"Preparation of High-Purity Vanadium Metalb by the Iodide Refining Process"</a>. Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 108 (1): 88. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1149%2F1.2428019">10.1149/1.2428019</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Electrochemical+Society&rft.atitle=Preparation+of+High-Purity+Vanadium+Metalb+by+the+Iodide+Refining+Process&rft.volume=108&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=88&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1149%2F1.2428019&rft.aulast=Carlson&rft.aufirst=O.+N.&rft.au=Owen%2C+C.+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_journal-of-the-electrochemical-society_1961-01_108_1%2Fpage%2F88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Chandler-62"><a href="#cite_ref-Chandler_62-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Chandler, Harry (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=arupok8PTBEC">Metallurgy for the Non-metallurgist</a>. ASM International. hlm. 6–7. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-87170-652-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-87170-652-2">978-0-87170-652-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Metallurgy+for+the+Non-metallurgist&rft.pages=6-7&rft.pub=ASM+International&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-87170-652-2&rft.aulast=Chandler&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Darupok8PTBEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Davis, Joseph R. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Kws7x68r_aUC&pg=PA11">Tool Materials: Tool Materials</a>. ASM International. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-87170-545-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-87170-545-7">978-0-87170-545-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tool+Materials%3A+Tool+Materials&rft.pub=ASM+International&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-87170-545-7&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Joseph+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKws7x68r_aUC%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Oleg D. Neikov; Naboychenko, Stanislav; Mourachova, Irina; Victor G. Gopienko; Irina V. Frishberg; Dina V. 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Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Non-Ferrous+Metal+Powders%3A+Technologies+and+Applications&rft.pages=490&rft.date=2009-02-24&rft.isbn=978-0-08-055940-7&rft.au=Oleg+D.+Neikov&rft.au=Naboychenko%2C+Stanislav&rft.au=Mourachova%2C+Irina&rft.au=Victor+G.+Gopienko&rft.au=Irina+V.+Frishberg&rft.au=Dina+V.+Lotsko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6aP3te2hGuQC%26pg%3DPA490&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161103173648/http://www.sevencycles.com/buildingbike/techsupplement/ti.php">"Technical Supplement: Titanium"</a>. Seven Cycles. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sevencycles.com/buildingbike/techsupplement/ti.php">versi asli</a> tanggal 3 November 2016. Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Seven+Cycles&rft.atitle=Technical+Supplement%3A+Titanium&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sevencycles.com%2Fbuildingbike%2Ftechsupplement%2Fti.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Zwicker, Ulrich (1974). "Herstellung des Metalls". Titan und Titanlegierungen. hlm. 4–29. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-642-80587-5_2">10.1007/978-3-642-80587-5_2</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-3-642-80588-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-3-642-80588-2">978-3-642-80588-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Herstellung+des+Metalls&rft.btitle=Titan+und+Titanlegierungen&rft.pages=4-29&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-642-80587-5_2&rft.isbn=978-3-642-80588-2&rft.aulast=Zwicker&rft.aufirst=Ulrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Hardy, George F.; Hulm, John K. 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Physical Review. 89 (4): 884. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1953PhRv...89Q.884H">1953PhRv...89Q.884H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRev.89.884">10.1103/PhysRev.89.884</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review&rft.atitle=Superconducting+Silicides+and+Germanides&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=884&rft.date=1953-02-15&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRev.89.884&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1953PhRv...89Q.884H&rft.aulast=Hardy&rft.aufirst=George+F.&rft.au=Hulm%2C+John+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_physical-review_1953-02-15_89_4%2Fpage%2F884&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Markiewicz, W.; Mains, E.; Vankeuren, R.; Wilcox, R.; Rosner, C.; Inoue, H.; Hayashi, C.; Tachikawa, K. 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IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 13 (1): 35–37. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FTMAG.1977.1059431">10.1109/TMAG.1977.1059431</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Magnetics&rft.atitle=A+17.5+Tesla+superconducting+concentric+%3Cspan+class%3D%22chemf+nowrap%22%3ENb%3Csub%3E3%3C%2Fsub%3ESn%3C%2Fspan%3E+and+%3Cspan+class%3D%22chemf+nowrap%22%3EV%3Csub%3E3%3C%2Fsub%3EGa%3C%2Fspan%3E+magnet+system&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=35-37&rft.date=1977-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2FTMAG.1977.1059431&rft.aulast=Markiewicz&rft.aufirst=W.&rft.au=Mains%2C+E.&rft.au=Vankeuren%2C+R.&rft.au=Wilcox%2C+R.&rft.au=Rosner%2C+C.&rft.au=Inoue%2C+H.&rft.au=Hayashi%2C+C.&rft.au=Tachikawa%2C+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Verhoeven, J. 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JOM. 50 (9): 58–64. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998JOM....50i..58V">1998JOM....50i..58V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11837-998-0419-y">10.1007/s11837-998-0419-y</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JOM&rft.atitle=The+key+role+of+impurities+in+ancient+damascus+steel+blades&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=58-64&rft.date=1998-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11837-998-0419-y&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998JOM....50i..58V&rft.aulast=Verhoeven&rft.aufirst=J.+D.&rft.au=Pendray%2C+A.+H.&rft.au=Dauksch%2C+W.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Rohrmann, B. 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The Historical Journal. 16 (2): 389–409. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0018246x00005926">10.1017/s0018246x00005926</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Historical+Journal&rft.atitle=Transportation+and+Rearmament+in+the+Third+Reich&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=389-409&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0018246x00005926&rft.aulast=Overy&rft.aufirst=R.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_historical-journal_1973-06_16_2%2Fpage%2Fn166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Langeslay, Ryan R.; Kaphan, David M.; Marshall, Christopher L.; Stair, Peter C.; Sattelberger, Alfred P.; Delferro, Massimiliano (8 Oktober 2018). 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Chemical Reviews. 119 (4): 2128–2191. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Facs.chemrev.8b00245">10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00245</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_Scientific_and_Technical_Information&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of Scientific and Technical Information (halaman belum tersedia)">OSTI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=1509906">1509906</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30296048">30296048</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Reviews&rft.atitle=Catalytic+Applications+of+Vanadium%3A+A+Mechanistic+Perspective&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=2128-2191&rft.date=2018-10-08&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30296048&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.osti.gov%2Fenergycitations%2Fproduct.biblio.jsp%3Fosti_id%3D1509906&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Facs.chemrev.8b00245&rft.aulast=Langeslay&rft.aufirst=Ryan+R.&rft.au=Kaphan%2C+David+M.&rft.au=Marshall%2C+Christopher+L.&rft.au=Stair%2C+Peter+C.&rft.au=Sattelberger%2C+Alfred+P.&rft.au=Delferro%2C+Massimiliano&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Eriksen, K.M.; Karydis, D.A.; Boghosian, S.; Fehrmann, R. 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Advanced Energy Materials. 1 (3): 394–400. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Faenm.201100008">10.1002/aenm.201100008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advanced+Energy+Materials&rft.atitle=A+Stable+Vanadium+Redox-Flow+Battery+with+High+Energy+Density+for+Large-Scale+Energy+Storage&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=394-400&rft.date=2011-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Faenm.201100008&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Liyu&rft.au=Kim%2C+Soowhan&rft.au=Wang%2C+Wei&rft.au=Vijayakumar%2C+M.&rft.au=Nie%2C+Zimin&rft.au=Chen%2C+Baowei&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Jianlu&rft.au=Xia%2C+Guanguang&rft.au=Hu%2C+Jianzhi&rft.au=Graff%2C+Gordon&rft.au=Liu%2C+Jun&rft.au=Yang%2C+Zhenguo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Guan, H.; Buchheit, R. 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Diakses tanggal 27 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Li-Ion+Rechargeable+Batteries+Made+Safer&rft.pub=Nikkei+Business+Publications%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2008-02&rft.aulast=Kariatsumari&rft.aufirst=Koji&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftechon.nikkeibp.co.jp%2Farticle%2FHONSHI%2F20080129%2F146549%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSaıdiBarkerHuangSwoyer2003" class="citation">Saıdi, M.Y.; Barker, J.; Huang, H.; Swoyer, J.L.; Adamson, G. (1 Juni 2003), "Performance characteristics of lithium vanadium phosphate as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries", Journal of Power Sources, 119–121: 266–272, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003JPS...119..266S">2003JPS...119..266S</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0378-7753%2803%2900245-3">10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00245-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Power+Sources&rft.atitle=Performance+characteristics+of+lithium+vanadium+phosphate+as+a+cathode+material+for+lithium-ion+batteries&rft.volume=119%E2%80%93121&rft.pages=266-272&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0378-7753%2803%2900245-3&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003JPS...119..266S&rft.aulast=Sa%C4%B1di&rft.aufirst=M.Y.&rft.au=Barker%2C+J.&rft.au=Huang%2C+H.&rft.au=Swoyer%2C+J.L.&rft.au=Adamson%2C+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Makalah terpilih yang dipresentasikan pada Pertemuan Internasional ke-11 tentang Baterai Litium </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Sigel, Astrid; Sigel, Helmut, ed. (1995). Vanadium and Its Role in Life. Metal Ions in Biological Systems. 31. CRC. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8247-9383-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8247-9383-8">978-0-8247-9383-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vanadium+and+Its+Role+in+Life&rft.series=Metal+Ions+in+Biological+Systems&rft.pub=CRC&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-8247-9383-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Gribble, Gordon W. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_chemical-society-great-britain-chemical-society-reviews_1999-09_28_5/page/n78">"The diversity of naturally occurring organobromine compounds"</a>. Chemical Society Reviews. 28 (5): 335–346. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039%2Fa900201d">10.1039/a900201d</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Society+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+diversity+of+naturally+occurring+organobromine+compounds&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=335-346&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1039%2Fa900201d&rft.aulast=Gribble&rft.aufirst=Gordon+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_chemical-society-great-britain-chemical-society-reviews_1999-09_28_5%2Fpage%2Fn78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Butler, Alison; Carter-Franklin, Jayme N. (2004). 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Natural Product Reports. 21 (1): 180–188. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039%2Fb302337k">10.1039/b302337k</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15039842">15039842</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Product+Reports&rft.atitle=The+role+of+vanadium+bromoperoxidase+in+the+biosynthesis+of+halogenated+marine+natural+products&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=180-188&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1039%2Fb302337k&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15039842&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft.au=Carter-Franklin%2C+Jayme+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Robson, R. L.; Eady, R. R.; Richardson, T. H.; Miller, R. W.; Hawkins, M.; Postgate, J. R. (1986). "The alternative nitrogenase of Azotobacter chroococcum is a vanadium enzyme". Nature. 322 (6077): 388–390. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986Natur.322..388R">1986Natur.322..388R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F322388a0">10.1038/322388a0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=The+alternative+nitrogenase+of+Azotobacter+chroococcum+is+a+vanadium+enzyme&rft.volume=322&rft.issue=6077&rft.pages=388-390&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F322388a0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1986Natur.322..388R&rft.aulast=Robson&rft.aufirst=R.+L.&rft.au=Eady%2C+R.+R.&rft.au=Richardson%2C+T.+H.&rft.au=Miller%2C+R.+W.&rft.au=Hawkins%2C+M.&rft.au=Postgate%2C+J.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Smith, M. J. (1989). "Vanadium biochemistry: The unknown role of vanadium-containing cells in ascidians (sea squirts)". Experientia. 45 (5): 452–7. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01952027">10.1007/BF01952027</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2656286">2656286</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experientia&rft.atitle=Vanadium+biochemistry%3A+The+unknown+role+of+vanadium-containing+cells+in+ascidians+%28sea+squirts%29&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=452-7&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF01952027&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F2656286&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=M.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">MacAra, Ian G.; McLeod, G. C.; Kustin, Kenneth (1979). "Tunichromes and metal ion accumulation in tunicate blood cells". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B. 63 (3): 299–302. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0305-0491%2879%2990252-9">10.1016/0305-0491(79)90252-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology+B&rft.atitle=Tunichromes+and+metal+ion+accumulation+in+tunicate+blood+cells&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=299-302&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0305-0491%2879%2990252-9&rft.aulast=MacAra&rft.aufirst=Ian+G.&rft.au=McLeod%2C+G.+C.&rft.au=Kustin%2C+Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Trefry, John H.; Metz, Simone (1989). "Role of hydrothermal precipitates in the geochemical cycling of vanadium". <a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a>. 342 (6249): 531–533. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989Natur.342..531T">1989Natur.342..531T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F342531a0">10.1038/342531a0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Role+of+hydrothermal+precipitates+in+the+geochemical+cycling+of+vanadium&rft.volume=342&rft.issue=6249&rft.pages=531-533&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F342531a0&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1989Natur.342..531T&rft.aulast=Trefry&rft.aufirst=John+H.&rft.au=Metz%2C+Simone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Weiss, H.; Guttman, M. 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Talanta. 24 (8): 509–11. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0039-9140%2877%2980035-0">10.1016/0039-9140(77)80035-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18962130">18962130</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+methods+for+the+determination+of+vanadium+in+sea-water&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=509-11&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0039-9140%2877%2980035-0&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18962130&rft.aulast=Weiss&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Guttman%2C+M.+A.&rft.au=Korkisch%2C+J.&rft.au=Steffan%2C+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Ruppert, Edward E.; Fox, Richard, S.; Barnes, Robert D. 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"Selected elements in fly agaric Amanita muscaria". Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A. 42 (11): 1615–1623. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10934520701517853">10.1080/10934520701517853</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17849303">17849303</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A&rft.atitle=Selected+elements+in+fly+agaric+Amanita+muscaria&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1615-1623&rft.date=2007-08-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10934520701517853&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17849303&rft.aulast=Falandysz&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=Kunito%2C+T.&rft.au=Kubota%2C+R.&rft.au=Lipka%2C+K.&rft.au=Mazur%2C+A.&rft.au=Falandysz%2C+Justyna+J.&rft.au=Tanabe%2C+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Berry, Robert E.; Armstrong, Elaine M.; Beddoes, Roy L.; Collison, David; Ertok, S. 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Angewandte Chemie. 38 (6): 795–797. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291521-3773%2819990315%2938%3A6%3C795%3A%3AAID-ANIE795%3E3.0.CO%3B2-7">10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19990315)38:6<795::AID-ANIE795>3.0.CO;2-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29711812">29711812</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Angewandte+Chemie&rft.atitle=The+Structural+Characterization+of+Amavadin&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=795-797&rft.date=1999-03-15&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F%28SICI%291521-3773%2819990315%2938%3A6%3C795%3A%3AAID-ANIE795%3E3.0.CO%3B2-7&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29711812&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=Robert+E.&rft.au=Armstrong%2C+Elaine+M.&rft.au=Beddoes%2C+Roy+L.&rft.au=Collison%2C+David&rft.au=Ertok%2C+S.+Nigar&rft.au=Helliwell%2C+Madeleine&rft.au=Garner%2C+C.+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-da_Silva_Fraústo_2013-100"><a href="#cite_ref-da_Silva_Fraústo_2013_100-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">da Silva, José A.L.; Fraústo da Silva, João J.R.; Pombeiro, Armando J.L. 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Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 257 (15–16): 2388–2400. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ccr.2013.03.010">10.1016/j.ccr.2013.03.010</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Coordination+Chemistry+Reviews&rft.atitle=Amavadin%2C+a+vanadium+natural+complex%3A+Its+role+and+applications&rft.volume=257&rft.issue=15%E2%80%9316&rft.pages=2388-2400&rft.date=2013-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ccr.2013.03.010&rft.aulast=da+Silva&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+A.L.&rft.au=Fra%C3%BAsto+da+Silva%2C+Jo%C3%A3o+J.R.&rft.au=Pombeiro%2C+Armando+J.L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Schwarz, Klaus; Milne, David B. 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Science. 174 (4007): 426–428. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1971Sci...174..426S">1971Sci...174..426S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.174.4007.426">10.1126/science.174.4007.426</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5112000">5112000</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Growth+Effects+of+Vanadium+in+the+Rat&rft.volume=174&rft.issue=4007&rft.pages=426-428&rft.date=1971-10-22&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F5112000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.174.4007.426&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1971Sci...174..426S&rft.aulast=Schwarz&rft.aufirst=Klaus&rft.au=Milne%2C+David+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_science_1971-10-22_174_4007%2Fpage%2F426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> Nickel. 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QJM. 101 (5): 351–358. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fqjmed%2Fhcn003">10.1093/qjmed/hcn003</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18319296">18319296</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=QJM&rft.atitle=A+systematic+review+of+vanadium+oral+supplements+for+glycaemic+control+in+type+2+diabetes+mellitus&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=351-358&rft.date=2008-01-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fqjmed%2Fhcn003&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18319296&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=D.M.&rft.au=Pickering%2C+R.M.&rft.au=Lewith%2C+G.T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">"Vanadium (vanadyl sulfate). 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New research says look for the element vanadium"</a>. PhysOrg. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phys.org/news/2017-09-life-mars-element-vanadium.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 11 Oktober 2021. Diakses tanggal 27 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PhysOrg&rft.atitle=Hope+to+discover+sure+signs+of+life+on+Mars%3F+New+research+says+look+for+the+element+vanadium&rft.date=2017-09-21&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=Brendan+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphys.org%2Fnews%2F2017-09-life-mars-element-vanadium.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Vanadium_Craig-106"><a href="#cite_ref-Vanadium_Craig_106-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Marshall, C. P; Olcott Marshall, A; Aitken, J. B; Lai, B; Vogt, S; Breuer, P; Steemans, P; Lay, P. A (2017). "Imaging of Vanadium in Microfossils: A New Potential Biosignature". Astrobiology. 17 (11): 1069–1076. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AsBio..17.1069M">2017AsBio..17.1069M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fast.2017.1709">10.1089/ast.2017.1709</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Office_of_Scientific_and_Technical_Information&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Office of Scientific and Technical Information (halaman belum tersedia)">OSTI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osti.gov/energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=1436103">1436103</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28910135">28910135</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astrobiology&rft.atitle=Imaging+of+Vanadium+in+Microfossils%3A+A+New+Potential+Biosignature&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1069-1076&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1089%2Fast.2017.1709&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28910135&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.osti.gov%2Fenergycitations%2Fproduct.biblio.jsp%3Fosti_id%3D1436103&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017AsBio..17.1069M&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=C.+P&rft.au=Olcott+Marshall%2C+A&rft.au=Aitken%2C+J.+B&rft.au=Lai%2C+B&rft.au=Vogt%2C+S&rft.au=Breuer%2C+P&rft.au=Steemans%2C+P&rft.au=Lay%2C+P.+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Srivastava, A. 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Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 206 (206): 177–182. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1007075204494">10.1023/A:1007075204494</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10839208">10839208</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biochemistry&rft.atitle=Anti-diabetic+and+toxic+effects+of+vanadium+compounds&rft.volume=206&rft.issue=206&rft.pages=177-182&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1007075204494&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10839208&rft.aulast=Srivastava&rft.aufirst=A.+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Roschin, A. 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(dalam bahasa Rusia). 32 (6): 26–32. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5605589">5605589</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gigiena+i+Sanitariia+%28Water+Res.%29&rft.atitle=Toksikologiia+soedineni%C4%AD+vanadiia%2C+primeneniaemykh+v+sovremenno%C4%AD+promyshlennosti&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=26-32&rft.date=1967&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F5605589&rft.aulast=Roschin&rft.aufirst=A.+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-OSHA-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OSHA_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-OSHA_109-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090106063227/http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/healthguidelines/vanadiumpentoxidedust/recognition.html">"Occupational Safety and Health Guidelines for Vanadium Pentoxide"</a>. 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Toxicological Sciences. 74 (2): 287–296. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Ftoxsci%2Fkfg136">10.1093/toxsci/kfg136</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12773761">12773761</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+Sciences&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+of+Inhaled+Vanadium+Pentoxide+in+F344%2FN+Rats+and+B6C3F1+Mice&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=287-296&rft.date=2003-08-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Ftoxsci%2Fkfg136&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12773761&rft.aulast=Ress&rft.aufirst=N.+B.&rft.au=Chou%2C+B.+J.&rft.au=Renne%2C+R.+A.&rft.au=Dill%2C+J.+A.&rft.au=Miller%2C+R.+A.&rft.au=Roycroft%2C+J.+H.&rft.au=Hailey%2C+J.+R.&rft.au=Haseman%2C+J.+K.&rft.au=Bucher%2C+J.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Wörle-Knirsch, Jörg M.; Kern, Katrin; Schleh, Carsten; Adelhelm, Christel; Feldmann, Claus; Krug, Harald F. 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Environmental Science and Technology. 41 (1): 331–336. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007EnST...41..331W">2007EnST...41..331W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fes061140x">10.1021/es061140x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17265967">17265967</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Nanoparticulate+Vanadium+Oxide+Potentiated+Vanadium+Toxicity+in+Human+Lung+Cells&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=331-336&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17265967&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fes061140x&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007EnST...41..331W&rft.aulast=W%C3%B6rle-Knirsch&rft.aufirst=J%C3%B6rg+M.&rft.au=Kern%2C+Katrin&rft.au=Schleh%2C+Carsten&rft.au=Adelhelm%2C+Christel&rft.au=Feldmann%2C+Claus&rft.au=Krug%2C+Harald+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|name-list-style=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Ścibior, A.; Zaporowska, H.; Ostrowski, J. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_archives-of-environmental-contamination-and-toxicology_2006-08_51_2/page/n136">"Selected haematological and biochemical parameters of blood in rats after subchronic administration of vanadium and/or magnesium in drinking water"</a>. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 51 (2): 287–295. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00244-005-0126-4">10.1007/s00244-005-0126-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16783625">16783625</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Selected+haematological+and+biochemical+parameters+of+blood+in+rats+after+subchronic+administration+of+vanadium+and%2For+magnesium+in+drinking+water&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=287-295&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00244-005-0126-4&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16783625&rft.aulast=%C5%9Acibior&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Zaporowska%2C+H.&rft.au=Ostrowski%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_archives-of-environmental-contamination-and-toxicology_2006-08_51_2%2Fpage%2Fn136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">González-Villalva, Adriana; Fortoul, Teresa I; Avila-Costa, Maria Rosa; Piñón-Zarate, Gabriela; Rodriguez-Lara, Vianey; Martínez-Levy, Gabriela; Rojas-Lemus, Marcela; Bizarro-Nevarez, Patricia; Díaz-Bech, Patricia; Mussali-Galante, Patricia; Colin-Barenque, Laura (April 2006). "Thrombocytosis induced in mice after subacute and subchronic V2O5 inhalation". Toxicology and Industrial Health. 22 (3): 113–116. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1191%2F0748233706th250oa">10.1191/0748233706th250oa</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16716040">16716040</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Thrombocytosis+induced+in+mice+after+subacute+and+subchronic+V2O5+inhalation&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=113-116&rft.date=2006-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1191%2F0748233706th250oa&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16716040&rft.aulast=Gonz%C3%A1lez-Villalva&rft.aufirst=Adriana&rft.au=Fortoul%2C+Teresa+I&rft.au=Avila-Costa%2C+Maria+Rosa&rft.au=Pi%C3%B1%C3%B3n-Zarate%2C+Gabriela&rft.au=Rodriguez-Lara%2C+Vianey&rft.au=Mart%C3%ADnez-Levy%2C+Gabriela&rft.au=Rojas-Lemus%2C+Marcela&rft.au=Bizarro-Nevarez%2C+Patricia&rft.au=D%C3%ADaz-Bech%2C+Patricia&rft.au=Mussali-Galante%2C+Patricia&rft.au=Colin-Barenque%2C+Laura&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|s2cid=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Kobayashi, Kazuo; Himeno, Seiichiro; Satoh, Masahiko; Kuroda, Junji; Shibata, Nobuo; Seko, Yoshiyuki; Hasegawa, Tatsuya (2006). "Pentavalent vanadium induces hepatic metallothionein through interleukin-6-dependent and -independent mechanisms". Toxicology. 228 (2–3): 162–170. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tox.2006.08.022">10.1016/j.tox.2006.08.022</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16987576">16987576</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Pentavalent+vanadium+induces+hepatic+metallothionein+through+interleukin-6-dependent+and+-independent+mechanisms&rft.volume=228&rft.issue=2%E2%80%933&rft.pages=162-170&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.tox.2006.08.022&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16987576&rft.aulast=Kobayashi&rft.aufirst=Kazuo&rft.au=Himeno%2C+Seiichiro&rft.au=Satoh%2C+Masahiko&rft.au=Kuroda%2C+Junji&rft.au=Shibata%2C+Nobuo&rft.au=Seko%2C+Yoshiyuki&rft.au=Hasegawa%2C+Tatsuya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Soazo, Marina; Garcia, Graciela Beatriz (2007). "Vanadium exposure through lactation produces behavioral alterations and CNS myelin deficit in neonatal rats". Neurotoxicology and Teratology. 29 (4): 503–510. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ntt.2007.03.001">10.1016/j.ntt.2007.03.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17493788">17493788</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Vanadium+exposure+through+lactation+produces+behavioral+alterations+and+CNS+myelin+deficit+in+neonatal+rats&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=503-510&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ntt.2007.03.001&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17493788&rft.aulast=Soazo&rft.aufirst=Marina&rft.au=Garcia%2C+Graciela+Beatriz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Barceloux, Donald G. (1999). "Vanadium". Clinical Toxicology. 37 (2): 265–278. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1081%2FCLT-100102425">10.1081/CLT-100102425</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10382561">10382561</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Vanadium&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=265-278&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1081%2FCLT-100102425&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10382561&rft.aulast=Barceloux&rft.aufirst=Donald+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Duffus, J. H. (2007). "Carcinogenicity classification of vanadium pentoxide and inorganic vanadium compounds, the NTP study of carcinogenicity of inhaled vanadium pentoxide, and vanadium chemistry". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regulatory_Toxicology_and_Pharmacology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology (halaman belum tersedia)">Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology</a>. 47 (1): 110–114. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.yrtph.2006.08.006">10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.08.006</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17030368">17030368</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Carcinogenicity+classification+of+vanadium+pentoxide+and+inorganic+vanadium+compounds%2C+the+NTP+study+of+carcinogenicity+of+inhaled+vanadium+pentoxide%2C+and+vanadium+chemistry&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=110-114&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.yrtph.2006.08.006&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17030368&rft.aulast=Duffus&rft.aufirst=J.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Opreskos, Dennis M. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211006060858/https://rais.ornl.gov/tox/profiles/vanadium_f_V1.html">"Toxicity Summary for Vanadium"</a>. Laboratorium Nasional Oak Ridge. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rais.ornl.gov/tox/profiles/vanadium_f_V1.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 6 Oktober 2021. Diakses tanggal 27 Juni 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Toxicity+Summary+for+Vanadium&rft.pub=Laboratorium+Nasional+Oak+Ridge&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Opreskos&rft.aufirst=Dennis+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frais.ornl.gov%2Ftox%2Fprofiles%2Fvanadium_f_V1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Woodyard, Doug (18 Agustus 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RC_k4q6y-JIC&pg=PA92">Pounder's Marine Diesel Engines and Gas Turbines</a>. hlm. 92. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-08-094361-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-08-094361-9">978-0-08-094361-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pounder%27s+Marine+Diesel+Engines+and+Gas+Turbines&rft.pages=92&rft.date=2009-08-18&rft.isbn=978-0-08-094361-9&rft.aulast=Woodyard&rft.aufirst=Doug&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRC_k4q6y-JIC%26pg%3DPA92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Totten, George E.; Westbrook, Steven R.; Shah, Rajesh J. (1 Juni 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J_AkNu-Y1wQC&pg=PA152">Fuels and Lubricants Handbook: Technology, Properties, Performance, and Testing</a>. hlm. 152. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8031-2096-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8031-2096-9">978-0-8031-2096-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fuels+and+Lubricants+Handbook%3A+Technology%2C+Properties%2C+Performance%2C+and+Testing&rft.pages=152&rft.date=2003-06-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8031-2096-9&rft.aulast=Totten&rft.aufirst=George+E.&rft.au=Westbrook%2C+Steven+R.&rft.au=Shah%2C+Rajesh+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJ_AkNu-Y1wQC%26pg%3DPA152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bacaan_lebih_lanjut">Bacaan lebih lanjut</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Sunting bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=25" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Slebodnick, Carla; et al. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZF5aNOeHd5sC&pg=PA51">"Modeling the Biological Chemistry of Vanadium: Structural and Reactivity Studies Elucidating Biological Function"</a>. Dalam Hill, Hugh A.O.; et al. Metal sites in proteins and models: phosphatases, Lewis acids, and vanadium. Springer. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-3-540-65553-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-3-540-65553-4">978-3-540-65553-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+Biological+Chemistry+of+Vanadium%3A+Structural+and+Reactivity+Studies+Elucidating+Biological+Function&rft.btitle=Metal+sites+in+proteins+and+models%3A+phosphatases%2C+Lewis+acids%2C+and+vanadium&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-3-540-65553-4&rft.au=Slebodnick%2C+Carla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZF5aNOeHd5sC%26pg%3DPA51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AVanadium" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium&action=edit&section=26" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vanadium" class="extiw" title="commons:Vanadium">Vanadium</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/37px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/55px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/73px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Lihat entri <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vanadium" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:vanadium">vanadium</a> di kamus bebas Wiktionary.</div></div> </div> <dl><dt>Video</dt></dl> <ul><li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/023.htm">Vanadium</a> di <a href="/wiki/The_Periodic_Table_of_Videos" title="The Periodic Table of Videos">The Periodic Table of Videos</a> (Universitas Nottingham)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Makalah penelitian</dt></dl> <ul><li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/tf.asp?id=275&tid=50">ATSDR – ToxFAQs: Vanadium</a></li> <li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125060833/http://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/Emerson_Huested1991_Mo_Vn_0.pdf">Konsentrasi vanadium di air laut dan lingkungan muara ialah sekitar 1,5–3,3 ug/kg</a></li> <li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304082932/http://mel.xmu.edu.cn/upload_eg/2011171103955630.pdf">Spesiasi dan siklus vanadium di perairan pantai</a></li> <li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125060833/http://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/Emerson_Huested1991_Mo_Vn_0.pdf">Anoksia laut serta konsentrasi molibdenum dan vanadium dalam air laut</a></li></ul> <table class="navbox collapsible uncollapsed" cellpadding="0" style="table-layout:fixed; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="33" style="padding:0 1em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia" title="Templat:Tabel periodik unsur kimia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Tabel periodik unsur kimia"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini"><a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">Tabel periodik</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik_(sel_besar)" title="Tabel periodik (sel besar)">(besar)</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="line-height:100%;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">1</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_tanah" title="Logam alkali tanah">2</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_3" title="Unsur golongan 3">3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_4" title="Unsur golongan 4">4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_5" title="Unsur golongan 5">5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_6" title="Unsur golongan 6">6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_7" title="Unsur golongan 7">7</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_8" title="Unsur golongan 8">8</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_9" title="Unsur golongan 9">9</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_10" title="Unsur golongan 10">10</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_11" title="Unsur golongan 11">11</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_12" title="Unsur golongan 12">12</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golongan_boron" title="Golongan boron">13</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golongan_karbon" title="Golongan karbon">14</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pniktogen" title="Pniktogen">15</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalkogen" title="Kalkogen">16</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">17</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_1" title="Unsur periode 1">1</a> </td> <td title="Hidrogen, 1 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30"> </td> <td title="Helium, 2 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_2" title="Unsur periode 2">2</a> </td> <td title="Litium, 3 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">Li</a> </td> <td title="Berilium, 4 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Boron, 5 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">B</a> </td> <td title="Karbon, 6 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">C</a> </td> <td title="Nitrogen, 7 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N</a> </td> <td title="Oksigen, 8 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">O</a> </td> <td title="Fluorin, 9 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fluorin" title="Fluorin">F</a> </td> <td title="Neon, 10 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_3" title="Unsur periode 3">3</a> </td> <td title="Natrium, 11 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td title="Magnesium, 12 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Aluminium, 13 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td title="Silikon, 14 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Si</a> </td> <td title="Fosforus, 15 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fosforus" title="Fosforus">P</a> </td> <td title="Belerang, 16 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Belerang" title="Belerang">S</a> </td> <td title="Klorin, 17 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Klorin" title="Klorin">Cl</a> </td> <td title="Argon, 18 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_4" title="Unsur periode 4">4</a> </td> <td title="Kalium, 19 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">K</a> </td> <td title="Kalsium, 20 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Skandium, 21 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Sc</a> </td> <td title="Titanium, 22 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Ti</a> </td> <td title="Vanadium, 23 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:1px solid black; ;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">V</a> </td> <td title="Kromium, 24 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">Cr</a> </td> <td title="Mangan, 25 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a> </td> <td title="Besi, 26 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Fe</a> </td> <td title="Kobalt, 27 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td> <td title="Nikel, 28 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Ni</a> </td> <td title="Tembaga, 29 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Cu</a> </td> <td title="Seng, 30 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Zn</a> </td> <td title="Galium, 31 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Galium" title="Galium">Ga</a> </td> <td title="Germanium, 32 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td title="Arsen, 33 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a> </td> <td title="Selenium, 34 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Se</a> </td> <td title="Bromin, 35 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bromin" title="Bromin">Br</a> </td> <td title="Kripton, 36 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_5" title="Unsur periode 5">5</a> </td> <td title="Rubidium, 37 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td title="Stronsium, 38 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Stronsium" title="Stronsium">Sr</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Itrium, 39 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Itrium" title="Itrium">Y</a> </td> <td title="Zirkonium, 40 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Zirkonium" title="Zirkonium">Zr</a> </td> <td title="Niobium, 41 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td title="Molibdenum, 42 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">Mo</a> </td> <td title="Teknesium, 43 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Teknesium" title="Teknesium">Tc</a> </td> <td title="Rutenium, 44 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rutenium" title="Rutenium">Ru</a> </td> <td title="Rodium, 45 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rodium" title="Rodium">Rh</a> </td> <td title="Paladium, 46 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Paladium" title="Paladium">Pd</a> </td> <td title="Perak, 47 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Ag</a> </td> <td title="Kadmium, 48 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td title="Indium, 49 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td title="Timah, 50 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Timah" title="Timah">Sn</a> </td> <td title="Antimon, 51 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Antimon" title="Antimon">Sb</a> </td> <td title="Telurium, 52 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Telurium" title="Telurium">Te</a> </td> <td title="Iodin, 53 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iodin" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodin">I</a> </td> <td title="Xenon, 54 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_6" title="Unsur periode 6">6</a> </td> <td title="Sesium, 55 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Sesium" title="Sesium">Cs</a> </td> <td title="Barium, 56 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td title="Lantanum, 57 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">La</a> </td> <td title="Serium, 58 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Serium" title="Serium">Ce</a> </td> <td title="Praseodimium, 59 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimium" title="Praseodimium">Pr</a> </td> <td title="Neodimium, 60 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neodimium" title="Neodimium">Nd</a> </td> <td title="Prometium, 61 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Prometium" title="Prometium">Pm</a> </td> <td title="Samarium, 62 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td title="Europium, 63 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td title="Gadolinium, 64 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td title="Terbium, 65 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td title="Disprosium, 66 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Disprosium" title="Disprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td title="Holmium, 67 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td title="Erbium, 68 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td title="Tulium, 69 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tulium" title="Tulium">Tm</a> </td> <td title="Iterbium, 70 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iterbium" title="Iterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td title="Lutesium, 71 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lutesium" title="Lutesium">Lu</a> </td> <td title="Hafnium, 72 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td title="Tantalum, 73 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Ta</a> </td> <td title="Wolfram, 74 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td title="Renium, 75 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Renium" title="Renium">Re</a> </td> <td title="Osmium, 76 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td title="Iridium, 77 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td title="Platina, 78 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Platina" title="Platina">Pt</a> </td> <td title="Emas, 79 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Emas" title="Emas">Au</a> </td> <td title="Raksa, 80 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Raksa" title="Raksa">Hg</a> </td> <td title="Talium, 81 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Talium" title="Talium">Tl</a> </td> <td title="Timbal, 82 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Timbal" title="Timbal">Pb</a> </td> <td title="Bismut, 83 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bi</a> </td> <td title="Polonium, 84 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td title="Astatin, 85 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Astatin" title="Astatin">At</a> </td> <td title="Radon, 86 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_7" title="Unsur periode 7">7</a> </td> <td title="Fransium, 87 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fransium" title="Fransium">Fr</a> </td> <td title="Radium, 88 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td title="Aktinium, 89 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium">Ac</a> </td> <td title="Torium, 90 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">Th</a> </td> <td title="Protaktinium, 91 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Protaktinium" title="Protaktinium">Pa</a> </td> <td title="Uranium, 92 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">U</a> </td> <td title="Neptunium, 93 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td title="Plutonium, 94 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td title="Amerisium, 95 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Amerisium" title="Amerisium">Am</a> </td> <td title="Kurium, 96 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kurium" title="Kurium">Cm</a> </td> <td title="Berkelium, 97 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td title="Kalifornium, 98 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalifornium" title="Kalifornium">Cf</a> </td> <td title="Einsteinium, 99 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td title="Fermium, 100 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td title="Mendelevium, 101 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td title="Nobelium, 102 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td title="Lawrensium, 103 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrensium" title="Lawrensium">Lr</a> </td> <td title="Ruterfordium, 104 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Ruterfordium" title="Ruterfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td title="Dubnium, 105 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td title="Seaborgium, 106 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td title="Bohrium, 107 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td title="Hasium, 108 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hasium" title="Hasium">Hs</a> </td> <td title="Meitnerium, 109 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td title="Darmstadtium, 110 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td title="Roentgenium, 111 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td title="Kopernisium, 112 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kopernisium" title="Kopernisium">Cn</a> </td> <td title="Nihonium, 113 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td title="Flerovium, 114 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td title="Moskovium, 115 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium">Mc</a> </td> <td title="Livermorium, 116 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td title="Tenesin, 117 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tenesin" title="Tenesin">Ts</a> </td> <td title="Oganeson, 118 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oganeson" title="Oganeson">Og</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="33"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; line-height:120%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top; font-size:85%; background:#f8f8f8; margin:0; font-size:90%; margin-top:0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table style="width:100%; table-layout:fixed; overflow:hidden;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">Logam alkali</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_tanah" title="Logam alkali tanah">Logam alkali tanah</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanida" title="Lantanida">Lantanida</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinida" title="Aktinida">Aktinida</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffc0c0;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">Logam transisi</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_miskin" title="Logam miskin">Logam miskin</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#cccc99;"><a href="/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid">Metaloid</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#a1ffc3;"><a href="/wiki/Nonlogam_poliatomik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonlogam poliatomik">Nonlogam poliatomik</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#e7ff8f;"><a href="/wiki/Nonlogam_diatomik" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonlogam diatomik">Nonlogam diatomik</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">Gas mulia</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="padding:0 1px; background:#e8e8e8;">Sifat kimia belum diketahui </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Senyawa_vanadium" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Senyawa_vanadium" title="Templat:Senyawa vanadium"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Senyawa_vanadium" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Senyawa vanadium"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Senyawa_vanadium&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Senyawa_vanadium" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> Senyawa <a class="mw-selflink selflink">vanadium</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(II)_bromida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(II) bromida (halaman belum tersedia)">VBr2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(III)_bromida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(III) bromida (halaman belum tersedia)">VBr3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_karbida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium karbida (halaman belum tersedia)">VC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_heksakarbonil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium heksakarbonil (halaman belum tersedia)">V(CO)6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(II)_klorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(II) klorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VCl2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(III)_klorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(III) klorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VCl3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_tetraklorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium tetraklorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VCl4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(III)_fluorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(III) fluorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VF3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_tetrafluorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium tetrafluorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VF4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_pentafluorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium pentafluorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VF5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(III)_iodida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(III) iodida (halaman belum tersedia)">VI3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_nitrida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium nitrida (halaman belum tersedia)">VN</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(II)_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(II) oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">VO</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(IV)_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(IV) oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">VO2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_oksitriklorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium oksitriklorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VOCl3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(V)_okstrifluorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(V) okstrifluorida (halaman belum tersedia)">VOF3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(III)_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(III) oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">V2O3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanadium(V)_oksida" title="Vanadium(V) oksida">V2O5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_monosulfida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium monosulfida (halaman belum tersedia)">VS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium_disulfida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium disulfida (halaman belum tersedia)">VS2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Divanadium_trisulfida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Divanadium trisulfida (halaman belum tersedia)">V2S3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Divanadium_pentasulfida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Divanadium pentasulfida (halaman belum tersedia)">V2S5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(III)_sulfat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(III) sulfat (halaman belum tersedia)">V2(SO4)3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4187375-0">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122626454">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122626454">(data)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85142005">Amerika Serikat</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00560502">Jepang</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph126988&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/v2/detail/504678139">Microsoft Academic</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10645191">National Archives (US)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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