CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: calibration definitions</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: calibration definitions"> <meta name="keywords" content="calibration definitions"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="calibration definitions" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="calibration definitions"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 773</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: calibration definitions</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">593</span> Formalizing the Sense Relation of Hyponymy from Logical Point of View: A Study of Mathematical Linguistics in Farsi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Ramezankhani">Maryam Ramezankhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present research tries to study the possibility of formalizing the sense relation of hyponymy. It applied mathematical tools and also uses mathematical logic concepts especially those from propositional logic. In order to do so, firstly, it goes over the definitions of hyponymy presented in linguistic dictionaries and semantic textbooks. Then, it introduces a formal translation of the sense relation of hyponymy. Lastly, it examines the efficiency of the suggested formula by some examples of natural language. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sense%20relations" title="sense relations">sense relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyponymy" title=" hyponymy"> hyponymy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formalizing" title=" formalizing"> formalizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=words%E2%80%99%20sense%20relation" title=" words’ sense relation"> words’ sense relation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formalizing%20sense%20relations" title=" formalizing sense relations"> formalizing sense relations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76340/formalizing-the-sense-relation-of-hyponymy-from-logical-point-of-view-a-study-of-mathematical-linguistics-in-farsi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76340.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">592</span> The Effects of Leadership on the Claim of Responsibility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katalin%20Kovacs">Katalin Kovacs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In most forms of violence the perpetrators intend to hide their identities. Terrorism is different. Terrorist groups often take responsibility for their attacks, and consequently they reveal their identities. This unique characteristic of terrorism has been largely overlooked, and scholars are still puzzled as to why terrorist groups claim responsibility for their attacks. Certainly, the claim of responsibility is worth analysing. It would help to have a clearer picture of what terrorist groups try to achieve and how, but also to develop an understanding of the strategic planning of terrorist attacks and the message the terrorists intend to deliver. The research aims to answer the question why terrorist groups choose to claim responsibility for some of their attacks and not for others. In order to do so the claim of responsibility is considered to be a tactical choice, based on the assumption that terrorists weigh the costs and benefits of claiming responsibility. The main argument is that terrorist groups do not claim responsibility in cases when there is no tactical advantage gained from claiming responsibility. The idea that the claim of responsibility has tactical value offers the opportunity to test these assertions using a large scale empirical analysis. The claim of responsibility as a tactical choice depends on other tactical choices, such as the choice of target, the internationality of the attack, the number of victims and whether the group occupies territory or operates as an underground group. The structure of the terrorist groups and the level of decision making also affects the claim of responsibility. Terrorists on the lower level are less disciplined than the leaders. This means that the terrorists on lower levels pay less attention to the strategic objectives and engage easier in indiscriminate violence, and consequently they would less like to claim responsibility. Therefore, the research argues that terrorists, who are on a highest level of decision making would claim responsibility for the attacks as those are who takes into account the strategic objectives. As most studies on terrorism fail to provide definitions; therefore the researches are fragmented and incomparable. Separate, isolated researches do not support comprehensive thinking. It is also very important to note that there are only a few researches using quantitative methods. The aim of the research is to develop a new and comprehensive overview of the claim of responsibility based on strong quantitative evidence. By using well-established definitions and operationalisation the current research focuses on a broad range of attributes that can have tactical values in order to determine circumstances when terrorists are more likely to claim responsibility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=claim%20of%20responsibility" title="claim of responsibility">claim of responsibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tactical%20choice" title=" tactical choice"> tactical choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorist%20group" title=" terrorist group"> terrorist group</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56548/the-effects-of-leadership-on-the-claim-of-responsibility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">591</span> Ecological Ice Hockey Butterfly Motion Assessment Using Inertial Measurement Unit Capture System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Zhang">Y. Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Perez"> J. Perez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Marnier"> S. Marnier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To date, no study on goaltending butterfly motion has been completed in real conditions, during an ice hockey game or training practice, to the author's best knowledge. This motion, performed to save score, is unnatural, intense, and repeated. The target of this research activity is to identify representative biomechanical criteria for this goaltender-specific movement pattern. Determining specific physical parameters may allow to will identify the risk of hip and groin injuries sustained by goaltenders. Four professional or academic goalies were instrumented during ice hockey training practices with five inertial measurement units. These devices were inserted in dedicated pockets located on each thigh and shank, and the fifth on the lumbar spine. A camera was also installed close to the ice to observe and record the goaltenders' activities, especially the butterfly motions, in order to synchronize the captured data and the behavior of the goaltender. Each data recorded began with a calibration of the inertial units and a calibration of the fully equipped goaltender on the ice. Three butterfly motions were recorded out of the training practice to define referential individual butterfly motions. Then, a data processing algorithm based on the Madgwick filter computed hip and knee joints joint range of motion as well as angular specific angular velocities. The developed algorithm software automatically identified and analyzed all the butterfly motions executed by the four different goaltenders. To date, it is still too early to show that the analyzed criteria are representative of the trauma generated by the butterfly motion as the research is only at its beginning. However, this descriptive research activity is promising in its ecological assessment, and once the criteria are found, the tools and protocols defined will allow the prevention of as many injuries as possible. It will thus be possible to build a specific training program for each goalie. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title="biomechanics">biomechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=butterfly%20motion" title=" butterfly motion"> butterfly motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20motion%20analysis" title=" human motion analysis"> human motion analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ice%20hockey" title=" ice hockey"> ice hockey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inertial%20measurement%20unit" title=" inertial measurement unit"> inertial measurement unit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152798/ecological-ice-hockey-butterfly-motion-assessment-using-inertial-measurement-unit-capture-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">590</span> A Model Outlining Feelings vs. Emotions and Why Distinction is Critical</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brendan%20Mooney">Brendan Mooney</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Feelings and emotions are commonly misunderstood and the terms often used interchangeably, leading to potential negative impacts on individuals' mental well-being and relationships. The distinction between these two fundamentally different experiences of human life is crucial for effective psychological practice and communication. Research Aim: The aim of this study is to outline the disparities between feelings and emotions, emphasising the significance of this differentiation in psychological practice to enhance clients' observation, decision-making, problem-solving, and communication skills. Methodology: This research utilises a conceptual model developed by the author in 2017 based on clinical experience, client observations, and feedback. The model serves to guide effective clinical practice by providing clear definitions and understanding of feelings versus emotions. Case study examples were utilised to support the efficacy of the model. Findings: The study highlights that recognising and expressing feelings rather than emotions is more empowering and conducive to resolving unresolved issues, thereby fostering better psychological well-being and interpersonal relationships. Theoretical Importance: This research underscores the importance of clarifying fundamental definitions related to feelings and emotions in enhancing psychological interventions and preventing various relationship conflicts and individual issues. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: Data was collected through the author's clinical experience and interactions with clients, informing the development of the Feeling Emotions Mental (FEM) model. Analysis involved synthesising observations and feedback to elucidate the distinctions between feelings and emotions. Questions Addressed: What are the disparities between feelings and emotions? How does the confusion between these two fundamentally different experiences of human life impact individuals' mental well-being and relationships? Why is it essential to differentiate between feelings and emotions in psychological practice? Conclusion: The study advocates for a clear understanding of feelings versus emotions to support clients in addressing unresolved issues and improving their overall psychological functioning and communication skills, thereby preventing potential conflicts and relationship challenges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=couples" title="couples">couples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental" title=" mental"> mental</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=misinformation" title=" misinformation"> misinformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=misunderstanding" title=" misunderstanding"> misunderstanding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relationships" title=" relationships"> relationships</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186307/a-model-outlining-feelings-vs-emotions-and-why-distinction-is-critical" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">589</span> Quality Control of Distinct Cements by IR Spectroscopy: First, insights into Perspectives and Opportunities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tobias%20Bader">Tobias Bader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joerg%20Rickert"> Joerg Rickert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One key factor in achieving net zero emissions along the cement and concrete value chain in Europe by 2050 is the use of distinct constituents to produce improved and advanced cements. These cements will contain e.g. calcined clays, recycled concrete fines that are chemically similar as well as X-ray amorphous and therefore difficult to distinguish. This leads to enhanced requirements on the analytical methods for quality control regarding accuracy as well as reproducibility due to the more complex cement composition. With the methods currently provided for in the European standards, it will be a challenge to ensure reliable analyses of the composition of the cements. In an ongoing research project, infrared (IR) spectroscopy in combination with mathematical tools (chemometrics) is going to be evaluated as an additional analytical method with fast and low preparation effort for the characterization of silicate-based cement constituents. The resulting comprehensive database should facilitate determination of the composition of new cements. First results confirmed the applicability of near-infrared IR for the characterization of traditional silicate-based cement constituents (e.g. clinker, granulated blast furnace slag) and modern X-ray amorphous constituents (e.g. calcined clay, recycled concrete fines) as well as different sulfate species (e.g. gypsum, hemihydrate, anhydrite). A multivariant calibration model based on numerous calibration mixtures is in preparation. The final analytical concept to be developed will form the basis for establishing IR spectroscopy as a rapid analytical method for characterizing material flows of known and unknown inorganic substances according to their material properties online and offline. The underlying project was funded by the Federal Institute for Research on Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Development on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Housing, Urban Development and Building with funds from the ‘Zukunft Bau’ research programme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement" title="cement">cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrared%20spectroscopy" title=" infrared spectroscopy"> infrared spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20control" title=" quality control"> quality control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20amorphous" title=" X-ray amorphous"> X-ray amorphous</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188878/quality-control-of-distinct-cements-by-ir-spectroscopy-first-insights-into-perspectives-and-opportunities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">588</span> Comparative Performance of Standing Whole Body Monitor and Shielded Chair Counter for In-vivo Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Manohari">M. Manohari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Priyadharshini"> S. Priyadharshini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Bajeer%20Sulthan"> K. Bajeer Sulthan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Santhanam"> R. Santhanam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chandrasekaran"> S. Chandrasekaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Venkatraman"> B. Venkatraman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In-vivo monitoring facility at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, caters to the monitoring of internal exposure of occupational radiation workers from various radioactive facilities of IGCAR. Internal exposure measurement is done using Na(Tl) based Scintillation detectors. Two types of whole-body counters, namely Shielded Chair Counter (SC) and Standing Whole-Body Monitor (SWBM), are being used. The shielded Chair is based on a NaI detector of 20.3 cm diameter and 10.15 cm thick. The chair of the system is shielded using lead shots of 10 cm lead equivalent and the detector with 8 cm lead bricks. Counting geometry is sitting geometry. Calibration is done using 95 percentile BOMAB phantom. The minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) for 137Cs for the 60s is 1150 Bq. Standing Wholebody monitor (SWBM) has two NaI(Tl) detectors of size 10.16 x 10.16 x 40.64 cm3 positioned serially, one over the other. It has a shielding thickness of 5cm lead equivalent. Counting is done in standup geometry. Calibration is done with the help of Ortec Phantom, having a uniform distribution of mixed radionuclides for the thyroid, thorax and pelvis. The efficiency of SWBM is 2.4 to 3.5 times higher than that of the shielded chair in the energy range of 279 to 1332 keV. MDA of 250 Bq for 137Cs can be achieved with a counting time of 60s. MDA for 131I in the thyroid was estimated as 100 Bq from the MDA of whole-body for one-day post intake. Standing whole body monitor is better in terms of efficiency, MDA and ease of positioning. In case of emergency situations, the optimal MDAs for in-vivo monitoring service are 1000 Bq for 137Cs and 100 Bq for 131I. Hence, SWBM is more suitable for the rapid screening of workers as well as the public in the case of an emergency. While a person reports for counting, there is a potential for external contamination. In SWBM, there is a feasibility to discriminate them as the subject can be counted in anterior or posterior geometry which is not possible in SC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20detectable%20activity" title="minimum detectable activity">minimum detectable activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shielded%20chair" title=" shielded chair"> shielded chair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shielding%20thickness" title=" shielding thickness"> shielding thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standing%20whole%20body%20monitor" title=" standing whole body monitor"> standing whole body monitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185279/comparative-performance-of-standing-whole-body-monitor-and-shielded-chair-counter-for-in-vivo-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">587</span> Competitive DNA Calibrators as Quality Reference Standards (QRS™) for Germline and Somatic Copy Number Variations/Variant Allelic Frequencies Analyses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eirini%20Konstanta">Eirini Konstanta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cedric%20Gouedard"> Cedric Gouedard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aggeliki%20Delimitsou"> Aggeliki Delimitsou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefania%20Patera"> Stefania Patera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Murray"> Samuel Murray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Quality reference DNA standards (QRS) for molecular testing by next-generation sequencing (NGS) are essential for accurate quantitation of copy number variations (CNV) for germline and variant allelic frequencies (VAF) for somatic analyses. Objectives: Presently, several molecular analytics for oncology patients are reliant upon quantitative metrics. Test validation and standardisation are also reliant upon the availability of surrogate control materials allowing for understanding test LOD (limit of detection), sensitivity, specificity. We have developed a dual calibration platform allowing for QRS pairs to be included in analysed DNA samples, allowing for accurate quantitation of CNV and VAF metrics within and between patient samples. Methods: QRS™ blocks up to 500nt were designed for common NGS panel targets incorporating ≥ 2 identification tags (IDTDNA.com). These were analysed upon spiking into gDNA, somatic, and ctDNA using a proprietary CalSuite™ platform adaptable to common LIMS. Results: We demonstrate QRS™ calibration reproducibility spiked to 5–25% at ± 2.5% in gDNA and ctDNA. Furthermore, we demonstrate CNV and VAF within and between samples (gDNA and ctDNA) with the same reproducibility (± 2.5%) in a clinical sample of lung cancer and HBOC (EGFR and BRCA1, respectively). CNV analytics was performed with similar accuracy using a single pair of QRS calibrators when using multiple single targeted sequencing controls. Conclusion: Dual paired QRS™ calibrators allow for accurate and reproducible quantitative analyses of CNV, VAF, intrinsic sample allele measurement, inter and intra-sample measure not only simplifying NGS analytics but allowing for monitoring clinically relevant biomarker VAF across patient ctDNA samples with improved accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibrator" title="calibrator">calibrator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNV" title=" CNV"> CNV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20copy%20number" title=" gene copy number"> gene copy number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VAF" title=" VAF"> VAF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134208/competitive-dna-calibrators-as-quality-reference-standards-qrs-for-germline-and-somatic-copy-number-variationsvariant-allelic-frequencies-analyses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">586</span> Evaluating Robustness of Conceptual Rainfall-runoff Models under Climate Variability in Northern Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Dakhlaoui">H. Dakhlaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Ruelland"> D. Ruelland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Tramblay"> Y. Tramblay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Bargaoui"> Z. Bargaoui </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To evaluate the impact of climate change on water resources at the catchment scale, not only future projections of climate are necessary but also robust rainfall-runoff models that are able to be fairly reliable under changing climate conditions. This study aims at assessing the robustness of three conceptual rainfall-runoff models (GR4j, HBV and IHACRES) on five basins in Northern Tunisia under long-term climate variability. Their robustness was evaluated according to a differential split sample test based on a climate classification of the observation period regarding simultaneously precipitation and temperature conditions. The studied catchments are situated in a region where climate change is likely to have significant impacts on runoff and they already suffer from scarcity of water resources. They cover the main hydrographical basins of Northern Tunisia (High Medjerda, Zouaraâ, Ichkeul and Cap bon), which produce the majority of surface water resources in Tunisia. The streamflow regime of the basins can be considered as natural since these basins are located upstream from storage-dams and in areas where withdrawals are negligible. A 30-year common period (1970‒2000) was considered to capture a large spread of hydro-climatic conditions. The calibration was based on the Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) criterion, while the evaluation of model transferability is performed according to the Nash-Suttfliff efficiency criterion and volume error. The three hydrological models were shown to have similar behaviour under climate variability. Models prove a better ability to simulate the runoff pattern when transferred toward wetter periods compared to the case when transferred to drier periods. The limits of transferability are beyond -20% of precipitation and +1.5 °C of temperature in comparison with the calibration period. The deterioration of model robustness could in part be explained by the climate dependency of some parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall-runoff%20modelling" title="rainfall-runoff modelling">rainfall-runoff modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydro-climate%20variability" title=" hydro-climate variability"> hydro-climate variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20robustness" title=" model robustness"> model robustness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisia" title=" Tunisia"> Tunisia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38685/evaluating-robustness-of-conceptual-rainfall-runoff-models-under-climate-variability-in-northern-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">585</span> Berry Phase and Quantum Skyrmions: A Loop Tour in Physics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinuh%C3%A9%20Perea%20Puente">Sinuhé Perea Puente</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In several physics systems the whole can be obtained as an exact copy of each of its parts, which facilitates the study of a complex system by looking carefully at its elements, separately. Reducionism offers simplified models which makes the problems easier, but “there’s plenty of room...at the mesoscopic scale”. Here we present a tour for two of its representants: Berry phase and skyrmions, studying some of its basic definitions and properties, and two cases in which both arise together, to finish constraining the scale for our mesoscopic system in the quest of quantum skyrmions, discovering which properties are conserved and which others may be destroyed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensed%20mattter" title="condensed mattter">condensed mattter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20physics" title=" quantum physics"> quantum physics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skyrmions" title=" skyrmions"> skyrmions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological%20defects" title=" topological defects"> topological defects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148910/berry-phase-and-quantum-skyrmions-a-loop-tour-in-physics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">584</span> Some Results on the Generalized Higher Rank Numerical Ranges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Zahraei">Mohsen Zahraei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ‎In this paper, ‎the notion of ‎rank-k numerical range of rectangular complex matrix polynomials‎ ‎are introduced. ‎Some algebraic and geometrical properties are investigated. ‎Moreover, ‎for ε>0 the notion of Birkhoff-James approximate orthogonality sets for ε-higher ‎rank numerical ranges of rectangular matrix polynomials is also introduced and studied. ‎The proposed definitions yield a natural generalization of the standard higher rank numerical ranges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8E%E2%80%8ERank-k%20numerical%20range%E2%80%8E" title="‎‎Rank-k numerical range‎">‎‎Rank-k numerical range‎</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8Eisometry%E2%80%8E" title=" ‎isometry‎"> ‎isometry‎</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8Enumerical%20range%E2%80%8E" title=" ‎numerical range‎"> ‎numerical range‎</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8Erectangular%20matrix%20polynomials" title=" ‎rectangular matrix polynomials"> ‎rectangular matrix polynomials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28955/some-results-on-the-generalized-higher-rank-numerical-ranges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">583</span> Methodologies, Systems Development Life Cycle and Modeling Languages in Agile Software Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20D.%20Arroyo">I. D. Arroyo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article seeks to integrate different concepts from contemporary software engineering with an agile development approach. We seek to clarify some definitions and uses, we make a difference between the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and the methodologies, we differentiate the types of frameworks such as methodological, philosophical and behavioral, standards and documentation. We define relationships based on the documentation of the development process through formal and ad hoc models, and we define the usefulness of using DevOps and Agile Modeling as integrative methodologies of principles and best practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methodologies" title="methodologies">methodologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling%20languages" title=" modeling languages"> modeling languages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20modeling" title=" agile modeling"> agile modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UML" title=" UML"> UML</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126055/methodologies-systems-development-life-cycle-and-modeling-languages-in-agile-software-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">582</span> Most Important Educational Planning Issues in the Developing Countries </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naeem%20Khan">Naeem Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 1971 Williams in his essay titled "What Educational Planning is About in Higher Education" defined educational planning as "planning in education, as in anything else consist essentially of deciding, in advance, what you want, to do and how you are going to do in". In the “World Year book of Education”. While Anderson and Bowman in 1976 in their joint article titled "Theoretical Considerations in Educational Planning" defined it as "the process of preparing a set of decisions for future action pertaining in education". There are so many other definitions which are related to educational planning in which every one stress on the importance of educational planning. But developing countries face a lot of problems related to the educational planning and this paper is to discuss few of them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20planning" title="educational planning">educational planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problems" title=" problems"> problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20system" title=" education system"> education system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=" "> </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22287/most-important-educational-planning-issues-in-the-developing-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">553</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">581</span> Biomedical Definition Extraction Using Machine Learning with Synonymous Feature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Qu">Jian Qu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akira%20Shimazu"> Akira Shimazu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> OOV (Out Of Vocabulary) terms are terms that cannot be found in many dictionaries. Although it is possible to translate such OOV terms, the translations do not provide any real information for a user. We present an OOV term definition extraction method by using information available from the Internet. We use features such as occurrence of the synonyms and location distances. We apply machine learning method to find the correct definitions for OOV terms. We tested our method on both biomedical type and name type OOV terms, our work outperforms existing work with an accuracy of 86.5%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20retrieval" title="information retrieval">information retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=definition%20retrieval" title=" definition retrieval"> definition retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OOV%20%28out%20of%20vocabulary%29" title=" OOV (out of vocabulary)"> OOV (out of vocabulary)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20information%20retrieval" title=" biomedical information retrieval"> biomedical information retrieval</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39665/biomedical-definition-extraction-using-machine-learning-with-synonymous-feature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">494</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">580</span> The Discriminate Analysis and Relevant Model for Mapping Export Potential</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jana%20Gutierez%20Chvalkovska">Jana Gutierez Chvalkovska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Mejstrik"> Michal Mejstrik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matej%20Urban"> Matej Urban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There are pending discussions over the mapping of country export potential in order to refocus export strategy of firms and its evidence-based promotion by the Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) and other permitted vehicles of governments. In this paper we develop our version of an applied model that offers “stepwise” elimination of unattractive markets. We modify and calibrate the model for the particular features of the Czech Republic and specific pilot cases where we apply an individual approach to each sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=export%20strategy" title="export strategy">export strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling%20export" title=" modeling export"> modeling export</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration" title=" calibration"> calibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=export%20promotion" title=" export promotion"> export promotion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15707/the-discriminate-analysis-and-relevant-model-for-mapping-export-potential" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">579</span> Utilizing Spatial Uncertainty of On-The-Go Measurements to Design Adaptive Sampling of Soil Electrical Conductivity in a Rice Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismaila%20Olabisi%20Ogundiji">Ismaila Olabisi Ogundiji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hakeem%20Mayowa%20Olujide"> Hakeem Mayowa Olujide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qasim%20Usamot"> Qasim Usamot</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main reasons for site-specific management for agricultural inputs are to increase the profitability of crop production, to protect the environment and to improve products’ quality. Information about the variability of different soil attributes within a field is highly essential for the decision-making process. Lack of fast and accurate acquisition of soil characteristics remains one of the biggest limitations of precision agriculture due to being expensive and time-consuming. Adaptive sampling has been proven as an accurate and affordable sampling technique for planning within a field for site-specific management of agricultural inputs. This study employed spatial uncertainty of soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) estimates to identify adaptive re-survey areas in the field. The original dataset was grouped into validation and calibration groups where the calibration group was sub-grouped into three sets of different measurements pass intervals. A conditional simulation was performed on the field ECa to evaluate the ECa spatial uncertainty estimates by the use of the geostatistical technique. The grouping of high-uncertainty areas for each set was done using image segmentation in MATLAB, then, high and low area value-separate was identified. Finally, an adaptive re-survey was carried out on those areas of high-uncertainty. Adding adaptive re-surveying significantly minimized the time required for resampling whole field and resulted in ECa with minimal error. For the most spacious transect, the root mean square error (RMSE) yielded from an initial crude sampling survey was minimized after an adaptive re-survey, which was close to that value of the ECa yielded with an all-field re-survey. The estimated sampling time for the adaptive re-survey was found to be 45% lesser than that of all-field re-survey. The results indicate that designing adaptive sampling through spatial uncertainty models significantly mitigates sampling cost, and there was still conformity in the accuracy of the observations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20electrical%20conductivity" title="soil electrical conductivity">soil electrical conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20sampling" title=" adaptive sampling"> adaptive sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conditional%20simulation" title=" conditional simulation"> conditional simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20uncertainty" title=" spatial uncertainty"> spatial uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=site-specific%20management" title=" site-specific management"> site-specific management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110579/utilizing-spatial-uncertainty-of-on-the-go-measurements-to-design-adaptive-sampling-of-soil-electrical-conductivity-in-a-rice-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110579.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">578</span> Computation of Radiotherapy Treatment Plans Based on CT to ED Conversion Curves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Petrovi%C4%87">B. Petrović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Rutonjski"> L. Rutonjski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Baucal"> M. Baucal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Teodorovi%C4%87"> M. Teodorović</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20%C4%8Cudi%C4%87"> O. Čudić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Basari%C4%87"> B. Basarić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiotherapy treatment planning computers use CT data of the patient. For the computation of a treatment plan, treatment planning system must have an information on electron densities of tissues scanned by CT. This information is given by the conversion curve CT (CT number) to ED (electron density), or simply calibration curve. Every treatment planning system (TPS) has built in default CT to ED conversion curves, for the CTs of different manufacturers. However, it is always recommended to verify the CT to ED conversion curve before actual clinical use. Objective of this study was to check how the default curve already provided matches the curve actually measured on a specific CT, and how much it influences the calculation of a treatment planning computer. The examined CT scanners were from the same manufacturer, but four different scanners from three generations. The measurements of all calibration curves were done with the dedicated phantom CIRS 062M Electron Density Phantom. The phantom was scanned, and according to real HU values read at the CT console computer, CT to ED conversion curves were generated for different materials, for same tube voltage 140 kV. Another phantom, CIRS Thorax 002 LFC which represents an average human torso in proportion, density and two-dimensional structure, was used for verification. The treatment planning was done on CT slices of scanned CIRS LFC 002 phantom, for selected cases. Interest points were set in the lungs, and in the spinal cord, and doses recorded in TPS. The overall calculated treatment times for four scanners and default scanner did not differ more than 0.8%. Overall interest point dose in bone differed max 0.6% while for single fields was maximum 2.7% (lateral field). Overall interest point dose in lungs differed max 1.1% while for single fields was maximum 2.6% (lateral field). It is known that user should verify the CT to ED conversion curve, but often, developing countries are facing lack of QA equipment, and often use default data provided. We have concluded that the CT to ED curves obtained differ in certain points of a curve, generally in the region of higher densities. This influences the treatment planning result which is not significant, but definitely does make difference in the calculated dose. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Computation%20of%20treatment%20plan" title="Computation of treatment plan">Computation of treatment plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conversion%20curve" title=" conversion curve"> conversion curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotherapy" title=" radiotherapy"> radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20density" title=" electron density"> electron density</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7887/computation-of-radiotherapy-treatment-plans-based-on-ct-to-ed-conversion-curves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">577</span> High Speed Motion Tracking with Magnetometer in Nonuniform Magnetic Field</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeronimo%20Cox">Jeronimo Cox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomonari%20Furukawa"> Tomonari Furukawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Magnetometers have become more popular in inertial measurement units (IMU) for their ability to correct estimations using the earth's magnetic field. Accelerometer and gyroscope-based packages fail with dead-reckoning errors accumulated over time. Localization in robotic applications with magnetometer-inclusive IMUs has become popular as a way to track the odometry of slower-speed robots. With high-speed motions, the accumulated error increases over smaller periods of time, making them difficult to track with IMU. Tracking a high-speed motion is especially difficult with limited observability. Visual obstruction of motion leaves motion-tracking cameras unusable. When motions are too dynamic for estimation techniques reliant on the observability of the gravity vector, the use of magnetometers is further justified. As available magnetometer calibration methods are limited with the assumption that background magnetic fields are uniform, estimation in nonuniform magnetic fields is problematic. Hard iron distortion is a distortion of the magnetic field by other objects that produce magnetic fields. This kind of distortion is often observed as the offset from the origin of the center of data points when a magnetometer is rotated. The magnitude of hard iron distortion is dependent on proximity to distortion sources. Soft iron distortion is more related to the scaling of the axes of magnetometer sensors. Hard iron distortion is more of a contributor to the error of attitude estimation with magnetometers. Indoor environments or spaces inside ferrite-based structures, such as building reinforcements or a vehicle, often cause distortions with proximity. As positions correlate to areas of distortion, methods of magnetometer localization include the production of spatial mapping of magnetic field and collection of distortion signatures to better aid location tracking. The goal of this paper is to compare magnetometer methods that don't need pre-productions of magnetic field maps. Mapping the magnetic field in some spaces can be costly and inefficient. Dynamic measurement fusion is used to track the motion of a multi-link system with us. Conventional calibration by data collection of rotation at a static point, real-time estimation of calibration parameters each time step, and using two magnetometers for determining local hard iron distortion are compared to confirm the robustness and accuracy of each technique. With opposite-facing magnetometers, hard iron distortion can be accounted for regardless of position, Rather than assuming that hard iron distortion is constant regardless of positional change. The motion measured is a repeatable planar motion of a two-link system connected by revolute joints. The links are translated on a moving base to impulse rotation of the links. Equipping the joints with absolute encoders and recording the motion with cameras to enable ground truth comparison to each of the magnetometer methods. While the two-magnetometer method accounts for local hard iron distortion, the method fails where the magnetic field direction in space is inconsistent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20tracking" title="motion tracking">motion tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor%20fusion" title=" sensor fusion"> sensor fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetometer" title=" magnetometer"> magnetometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20estimation" title=" state estimation"> state estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161291/high-speed-motion-tracking-with-magnetometer-in-nonuniform-magnetic-field" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">576</span> Calibration of Mini TEPC and Measurement of Lineal Energy in a Mixed Radiation Field Produced by Neutrons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20C.%20Cho">I. C. Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20H.%20Wen"> W. H. Wen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Y.%20Tsai"> H. Y. Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20C.%20Chao"> T. C. Chao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20J.%20Tung"> C. J. Tung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) is a useful instrument used to measure radiation single-event energy depositions in a subcellular target volume. The quantity of measurements is the microdosimetric lineal energy, which determines the relative biological effectiveness, RBE, for radiation therapy or the radiation-weighting factor, WR, for radiation protection. TEPC is generally used in a mixed radiation field, where each component radiation has its own RBE or WR value. To reduce the pile-up effect during radiotherapy measurements, a miniature TEPC (mini TEPC) with cavity size in the order of 1 mm may be required. In the present work, a homemade mini TEPC with a cylindrical cavity of 1 mm in both the diameter and the height was constructed to measure the lineal energy spectrum of a mixed radiation field with high- and low-LET radiations. Instead of using external radiation beams to penetrate the detector wall, mixed radiation fields were produced by the interactions of neutrons with TEPC walls that contained small plugs of different materials, i.e. Li, B, A150, Cd and N. In all measurements, mini TEPC was placed at the beam port of the Tsing Hua Open-pool Reactor (THOR). Measurements were performed using the propane-based tissue-equivalent gas mixture, i.e. 55% C3H8, 39.6% CO2 and 5.4% N2 by partial pressures. The gas pressure of 422 torr was applied for the simulation of a 1 m diameter biological site. The calibration of mini TEPC was performed using two marking points in the lineal energy spectrum, i.e. proton edge and electron edge. Measured spectra revealed high lineal energy (> 100 keV/m) peaks due to neutron-capture products, medium lineal energy (10 – 100 keV/m) peaks from hydrogen-recoil protons, and low lineal energy (< 10 keV/m) peaks of reactor photons. For cases of Li and B plugs, the high lineal energy peaks were quite prominent. The medium lineal energy peaks were in the decreasing order of Li, Cd, N, A150, and B. The low lineal energy peaks were smaller compared to other peaks. This study demonstrated that internally produced mixed radiations from the interactions of neutrons with different plugs in the TEPC wall provided a useful approach for TEPC measurements of lineal energies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TEPC" title="TEPC">TEPC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lineal%20energy" title=" lineal energy"> lineal energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microdosimetry" title=" microdosimetry"> microdosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20quality" title=" radiation quality"> radiation quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39418/calibration-of-mini-tepc-and-measurement-of-lineal-energy-in-a-mixed-radiation-field-produced-by-neutrons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">575</span> Assessing Moisture Adequacy over Semi-arid and Arid Indian Agricultural Farms using High-Resolution Thermography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devansh%20Desai">Devansh Desai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahul%20Nigam"> Rahul Nigam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crop water stress (W) at a given growth stage starts to set in as moisture availability (M) to roots falls below 75% of maximum. It has been found that ratio of crop evapotranspiration (ET) and reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an indicator of moisture adequacy and is strongly correlated with ‘M’ and ‘W’. The spatial variability of ET0 is generally less over an agricultural farm of 1-5 ha than ET, which depends on both surface and atmospheric conditions, while the former depends only on atmospheric conditions. Solutions from surface energy balance (SEB) and thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing are now known to estimate latent heat flux of ET. In the present study, ET and moisture adequacy index (MAI) (=ET/ET0) have been estimated over two contrasting western India agricultural farms having rice-wheat system in semi-arid climate and arid grassland system, limited by moisture availability. High-resolution multi-band TIR sensing observations at 65m from ECOSTRESS (ECOsystemSpaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station) instrument on-board International Space Station (ISS) were used in an analytical SEB model, STIC (Surface Temperature Initiated Closure) to estimate ET and MAI. The ancillary variables used in the ET modeling and MAI estimation were land surface albedo, NDVI from close-by LANDSAT data at 30m spatial resolution, ET0 product at 4km spatial resolution from INSAT 3D, meteorological forcing variables from short-range weather forecast on air temperature and relative humidity from NWP model. Farm-scale ET estimates at 65m spatial resolution were found to show low RMSE of 16.6% to 17.5% with R2 >0.8 from 18 datasets as compared to reported errors (25 – 30%) from coarser-scale ET at 1 to 8 km spatial resolution when compared to in situ measurements from eddy covariance systems. The MAI was found to show lower (<0.25) and higher (>0.5) magnitudes in the contrasting agricultural farms. The study showed the potential need of high-resolution high-repeat spaceborne multi-band TIR payloads alongwith optical payload in estimating farm-scale ET and MAI for estimating consumptive water use and water stress. A set of future high-resolution multi-band TIR sensors are planned on-board Indo-French TRISHNA, ESA’s LSTM, NASA’s SBG space-borne missions to address sustainable irrigation water management at farm-scale to improve crop water productivity. These will provide precise and fundamental variables of surface energy balance such as LST (Land Surface Temperature), surface emissivity, albedo and NDVI. A synchronization among these missions is needed in terms of observations, algorithms, product definitions, calibration-validation experiments and downstream applications to maximize the potential benefits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20remote%20sensing" title="thermal remote sensing">thermal remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20surface%20temperature" title=" land surface temperature"> land surface temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20water%20stress" title=" crop water stress"> crop water stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evapotranspiration" title=" evapotranspiration"> evapotranspiration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168412/assessing-moisture-adequacy-over-semi-arid-and-arid-indian-agricultural-farms-using-high-resolution-thermography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">574</span> A Survey on Positive Real and Strictly Positive Real Scalar Transfer Functions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Hakimi-Moghaddam">Mojtaba Hakimi-Moghaddam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Positive real and strictly positive real transfer functions are important concepts in the control theory. In this paper, the results of researches in these areas are summarized. Definitions together with their graphical interpretations are mentioned. The equivalent conditions in the frequency domain and state space representations are reviewed. Their equivalent electrical networks are explained. Also, a comprehensive discussion about a difference between behavior of real part of positive real and strictly positive real transfer functions in high frequencies is presented. Furthermore, several illustrative examples are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20rational%20transfer%20functions" title="real rational transfer functions">real rational transfer functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20realness%20property" title=" positive realness property"> positive realness property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strictly%20positive%20realness%20property" title=" strictly positive realness property"> strictly positive realness property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20conditions" title=" equivalent conditions"> equivalent conditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44531/a-survey-on-positive-real-and-strictly-positive-real-scalar-transfer-functions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">573</span> Cyber Violence Behaviors Among Social Media Users in Ghana: An Application of Self-Control Theory and Social Learning Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aisha%20Iddrisu">Aisha Iddrisu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The proliferation of cyberviolence in the wave of increased social media consumption calls for immediate attention both at the local and global levels. With over 4.70 billion social media users worldwide and 8.8 social media users in Ghana, various forms of violence have become the order of the day in most countries and communities. Cyber violence is defined as producing, retrieving, and sharing of hurtful or dangerous online content to cause emotional, psychological, or physical harm. The urgency and severity of cyber violence have led to the enactment of laws in various countries though lots still need to be done, especially in Ghana. In Ghana, studies on cyber violence have not been extensively dealt with. Existing studies concentrate only on one form or the other form of cyber violence, thus cybercrime and cyber bullying. Also, most studies in Africa have not explored cyber violence forms using empirical theories and the few that existed were qualitatively researched, whereas others examine the effect of cyber violence rather than examining why those who involve in it behave the way they behave. It is against this backdrop that this study aims to examine various cyber violence behaviour among social media users in Ghana by applying the theory of Self-control and Social control theory. This study is important for the following reasons. The outcome of this research will help at both national and international level of policymaking by adding to the knowledge of understanding cyberviolence and why people engage in various forms of cyberviolence. It will also help expose other ways by which such behaviours are enforced thereby serving as a guide in the enactment of the rightful rules and laws to curb such behaviours. It will add to literature on consequences of new media. This study seeks to confirm or reject to the following research hypotheses. H1 Social media usage has direct significant effect of cyberviolence behaviours. H2 Ineffective parental management has direct significant positive relation to Low self-control. H3 Low self-control has direct significant positive effect on cyber violence behaviours among social, H4 Differential association has significant positive effect on cyberviolence behaviour among social media users in Ghana. H5 Definitions have a significant positive effect on cyberviolence behaviour among social media users in Ghana. H6 Imitation has a significant positive effect on cyberviolence behaviour among social media users in Ghana. H7 Differential reinforcement has a significant positive effect on cyberviolence behaviour among social media users in Ghana. H8 Differential association has a significant positive effect on definitions. H9 Differential association has a significant positive effect on imitation. H10 Differential association has a significant positive effect on differential reinforcement. H11 Differential association has significant indirect positive effects on cyberviolence through the learning process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyberviolence" title="cyberviolence">cyberviolence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media%20users" title=" social media users"> social media users</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-control%20theory" title=" self-control theory"> self-control theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20learning%20theory" title=" social learning theory"> social learning theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170105/cyber-violence-behaviors-among-social-media-users-in-ghana-an-application-of-self-control-theory-and-social-learning-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">572</span> Innovativeness of the Furniture Enterprises in Bulgaria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radostina%20Popova">Radostina Popova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents an analysis of the innovation performance of small and medium-sized furniture enterprises in Bulgaria, accounting for over 97% of the companies in the sector. It contains advanced features of innovation in enterprises, specific features of the furniture industry in Bulgaria and analysis of the results of studies on the topic. The results from studies of three successive periods - 2006-2008; 2008-2010; 2010-2012, during which were studied 594 small and medium-sized furniture enterprises. There are commonly used in the EU definitions and indicators (European Commission, OECD, Oslo Manual), which allows for the comparability of results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20activity" title="innovation activity">innovation activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitiveness%20of%20innovation" title=" competitiveness of innovation"> competitiveness of innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20enterprises%20in%20Bulgaria" title=" furniture enterprises in Bulgaria"> furniture enterprises in Bulgaria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2544/innovativeness-of-the-furniture-enterprises-in-bulgaria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">571</span> Understand and Redefine Lean Product Development </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemu%20Moges%20Belay">Alemu Moges Belay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Torgeir%20Welo"> Torgeir Welo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Ola%20Strandhagen"> Jan Ola Strandhagen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lean has long been linked with manufacturing, but its application claimed also by other functions such as product development and services. However, there is a challenge on understanding and defining lean in each function context. This paper aims to investigate the literature that focus mainly on PD process improvement, obtain better understanding and redefine LPD in systematic way. In addition to that, the paper attempts to summarize various proposed transformation strategies, definitions, identifying features of manufacturing and product development that would help to redefining lean in product development context. Finally we redefine LPD in organized way that encompasses different steps such as stage gate, communication and information, events, learning, innovation, knowledge and value creation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean" title="lean">lean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean%20manufacturing" title=" lean manufacturing"> lean manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean%20product%20development" title=" lean product development"> lean product development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformation" title=" transformation"> transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategies" title=" strategies"> strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12258/understand-and-redefine-lean-product-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">570</span> Identification and Classification of Fiber-Fortified Semolina by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20T.%20Badar%C3%B3">Amanda T. Badaró</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20F.%20Barbin"> Douglas F. Barbin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20T.%20Garcia"> Sofia T. Garcia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Teresa%20P.%20S.%20Clerici"> Maria Teresa P. S. Clerici</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amanda%20R.%20Ferreira"> Amanda R. Ferreira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food fortification is the intentional addition of a nutrient in a food matrix and has been widely used to overcome the lack of nutrients in the diet or increasing the nutritional value of food. Fortified food must meet the demand of the population, taking into account their habits and risks that these foods may cause. Wheat and its by-products, such as semolina, has been strongly indicated to be used as a food vehicle since it is widely consumed and used in the production of other foods. These products have been strategically used to add some nutrients, such as fibers. Methods of analysis and quantification of these kinds of components are destructive and require lengthy sample preparation and analysis. Therefore, the industry has searched for faster and less invasive methods, such as Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR). NIR is a rapid and cost-effective method, however, it is based on indirect measurements, yielding high amount of data. Therefore, NIR spectroscopy requires calibration with mathematical and statistical tools (Chemometrics) to extract analytical information from the corresponding spectra, as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). PCA is well suited for NIR, once it can handle many spectra at a time and be used for non-supervised classification. Advantages of the PCA, which is also a data reduction technique, is that it reduces the data spectra to a smaller number of latent variables for further interpretation. On the other hand, LDA is a supervised method that searches the Canonical Variables (CV) with the maximum separation among different categories. In LDA, the first CV is the direction of maximum ratio between inter and intra-class variances. The present work used a portable infrared spectrometer (NIR) for identification and classification of pure and fiber-fortified semolina samples. The fiber was added to semolina in two different concentrations, and after the spectra acquisition, the data was used for PCA and LDA to identify and discriminate the samples. The results showed that NIR spectroscopy associate to PCA was very effective in identifying pure and fiber-fortified semolina. Additionally, the classification range of the samples using LDA was between 78.3% and 95% for calibration and 75% and 95% for cross-validation. Thus, after the multivariate analysis such as PCA and LDA, it was possible to verify that NIR associated to chemometric methods is able to identify and classify the different samples in a fast and non-destructive way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chemometrics" title="Chemometrics">Chemometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber" title=" fiber"> fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20discriminant%20analysis" title=" linear discriminant analysis"> linear discriminant analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=near-infrared%20spectroscopy" title=" near-infrared spectroscopy"> near-infrared spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20component%20analysis" title=" principal component analysis"> principal component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semolina" title=" semolina"> semolina</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81774/identification-and-classification-of-fiber-fortified-semolina-by-near-infrared-spectroscopy-nir" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81774.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">569</span> University Arabic/Foreign Language Teacher's Competences, Professionalism and the Challenges and Opportunities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abeer%20Heider">Abeer Heider</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article considers the definitions of teacher’s competences and professionalism from different perspectives of Arab and foreign scientists. A special attention is paid to the definition, classification of the stages and components of University Arabic /foreign language teacher’s professionalism. The results of the survey are offered and recommendations are given. In this paper, only some of the problems of defining professional competence and professionalism of the university Arabic/ foreign language teacher have been mentioned. It needs much more analysis and discussion, because the quality of training today’s competitive and mobile students with a good knowledge of foreign languages depends directly on the teachers’ professional level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%E2%80%99s%20professional%20competences" title="teacher’s professional competences">teacher’s professional competences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%2F%20foreign%20language%20teacher%E2%80%99s%20professionalism" title=" Arabic/ foreign language teacher’s professionalism"> Arabic/ foreign language teacher’s professionalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20evaluation" title=" teacher evaluation"> teacher evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20quality" title=" teacher quality"> teacher quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41881/university-arabicforeign-language-teachers-competences-professionalism-and-the-challenges-and-opportunities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">568</span> Microsimulation of Potential Crashes as a Road Safety Indicator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vittorio%20Astarita">Vittorio Astarita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giuseppe%20Guido"> Giuseppe Guido</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vincenzo%20Pasquale%20Giofre"> Vincenzo Pasquale Giofre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandro%20Vitale"> Alessandro Vitale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traffic microsimulation has been used extensively to evaluate consequences of different traffic planning and control policies in terms of travel time delays, queues, pollutant emissions, and every other common measured performance while at the same time traffic safety has not been considered in common traffic microsimulation packages as a measure of performance for different traffic scenarios. Vehicle conflict techniques that were introduced at intersections in the early traffic researches carried out at the General Motor laboratory in the USA and in the Swedish traffic conflict manual have been applied to vehicles trajectories simulated in microscopic traffic simulators. The concept is that microsimulation can be used as a base for calculating the number of conflicts that will define the safety level of a traffic scenario. This allows engineers to identify unsafe road traffic maneuvers and helps in finding the right countermeasures that can improve safety. Unfortunately, most commonly used indicators do not consider conflicts between single vehicles and roadside obstacles and barriers. A great number of vehicle crashes take place with roadside objects or obstacles. Only some recent proposed indicators have been trying to address this issue. This paper introduces a new procedure based on the simulation of potential crash events for the evaluation of safety levels in microsimulation traffic scenarios, which takes into account also potential crashes with roadside objects and barriers. The procedure can be used to define new conflict indicators. The proposed simulation procedure generates with the random perturbation of vehicle trajectories a set of potential crashes which can be evaluated accurately in terms of DeltaV, the energy of the impact, and/or expected number of injuries or casualties. The procedure can also be applied to real trajectories giving birth to new surrogate safety performance indicators, which can be considered as “simulation-based”. The methodology and a specific safety performance indicator are described and applied to a simulated test traffic scenario. Results indicate that the procedure is able to evaluate safety levels both at the intersection level and in the presence of roadside obstacles. The procedure produces results that are expressed in the same unity of measure for both vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to roadside object conflicts. The total energy for a square meter of all generated crash can be used and is shown on the map, for the test network, after the application of a threshold to evidence the most dangerous points. Without any detailed calibration of the microsimulation model and without any calibration of the parameters of the procedure (standard values have been used), it is possible to identify dangerous points. A preliminary sensitivity analysis has shown that results are not dependent on the different energy thresholds and different parameters of the procedure. This paper introduces a specific new procedure and the implementation in the form of a software package that is able to assess road safety, also considering potential conflicts with roadside objects. Some of the principles that are at the base of this specific model are discussed. The procedure can be applied on common microsimulation packages once vehicle trajectories and the positions of roadside barriers and obstacles are known. The procedure has many calibration parameters and research efforts will have to be devoted to make confrontations with real crash data in order to obtain the best parameters that have the potential of giving an accurate evaluation of the risk of any traffic scenario. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20safety" title="road safety">road safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic" title=" traffic"> traffic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20safety" title=" traffic safety"> traffic safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20simulation" title=" traffic simulation"> traffic simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128602/microsimulation-of-potential-crashes-as-a-road-safety-indicator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128602.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">567</span> Evaluating the Effect of Climate Change and Land Use/Cover Change on Catchment Hydrology of Gumara Watershed, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gashaw%20Gismu%20Chakilu">Gashaw Gismu Chakilu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate and land cover change are very important issues in terms of global context and their responses to environmental and socio-economic drivers. The dynamic of these two factors is currently affecting the environment in unbalanced way including watershed hydrology. In this paper individual and combined impacts of climate change and land use land cover change on hydrological processes were evaluated through applying the model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in Gumara watershed, Upper Blue Nile basin Ethiopia. The regional climate; temperature and rainfall data of the past 40 years in the study area were prepared and changes were detected by using trend analysis applying Mann-Kendall trend test. The land use land cover data were obtained from land sat image and processed by ERDAS IMAGIN 2010 software. Three land use land cover data; 1973, 1986, and 2013 were prepared and these data were used for base line, model calibration and change study respectively. The effects of these changes on high flow and low flow of the catchment have also been evaluated separately. The high flow of the catchment for these two decades was analyzed by using Annual Maximum (AM) model and the low flow was evaluated by seven day sustained low flow model. Both temperature and rainfall showed increasing trend; and then the extent of changes were evaluated in terms of monthly bases by using two decadal time periods; 1973-1982 was taken as baseline and 2004-2013 was used as change study. The efficiency of the model was determined by Nash-Sutcliffe (NS) and Relative Volume error (RVe) and their values were 0.65 and 0.032 for calibration and 0.62 and 0.0051 for validation respectively. The impact of climate change was higher than that of land use land cover change on stream flow of the catchment; the flow has been increasing by 16.86% and 7.25% due to climate and LULC change respectively, and the combined change effect accounted 22.13% flow increment. The overall results of the study indicated that Climate change is more responsible for high flow than low flow; and reversely the land use land cover change showed more significant effect on low flow than high flow of the catchment. From the result we conclude that the hydrology of the catchment has been altered because of changes of climate and land cover of the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate" title="climate">climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LULC" title=" LULC"> LULC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWAT" title=" SWAT"> SWAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27748/evaluating-the-effect-of-climate-change-and-land-usecover-change-on-catchment-hydrology-of-gumara-watershed-upper-blue-nile-basin-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27748.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">566</span> Citizen Participation in Smart Cities: Singapore and Tokyo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Benson">Thomas Benson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart cities have been heralded as multi-faceted entities which utilise information and communication technologies to enhance citizen participation. The purpose of this paper is to outline authoritative definitions of smart cities and citizen participation and investigate smart city citizen-centrism rhetoric by examining urban governance and citizen participation processes. Drawing on extant literature and official city government documents and websites, Singapore (Singapore) and Tokyo (Japan) are chosen as comparable smart city case studies. For the smart city to be truly realised, this paper concludes that smart cities must do more to incorporate genuine citizen participation mechanisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizen%20participation" title="citizen participation">citizen participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20cities" title=" smart cities"> smart cities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20governance" title=" urban governance"> urban governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Singapore" title=" Singapore"> Singapore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tokyo" title=" Tokyo"> Tokyo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130144/citizen-participation-in-smart-cities-singapore-and-tokyo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">565</span> Method to Calculate the Added Value in Supply Chains of Electric Power Meters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Vinajera-Zamora">Andrey Vinajera-Zamora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norge%20Coello-Machado"> Norge Coello-Machado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elke%20Glistau"> Elke Glistau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is calculate the added value in operations of electric power meters (EPM) supply chains, specifically the EPM of 220v. The tool used is composed by six steps allowing at same time the identification of calibration of EPM as the bottleneck operation according the net added value being at same time the process of higher added value. On the other hand, this methodology allows calculate the amount of money to buy the raw material. The main conclusions are related to the analyze ‘s way and calculating of added value in supply chain integrated by the echelons procurement, production and distribution or any of these. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20value%20added" title="economic value added">economic value added</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20chain" title=" value chain"> value chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bottleneck%20detection" title=" bottleneck detection"> bottleneck detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59166/method-to-calculate-the-added-value-in-supply-chains-of-electric-power-meters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59166.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">564</span> Check Factors Contributing to the Increase or Decrease in Labor Productivity in Employees Applied Science Center Municipal Andimeshk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Boromandfar">Hossein Boromandfar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Ghalavandi"> Ahmad Ghalavandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the importance of human resources as a strategic resource and the factors that lead to increased Labor productivity in Applied Science Center Andimeshk pay. First, the concepts and definitions of productivity and factors affecting it, and then determine the center Recommendations for improving the productivity of the university at a high level its improvement. What leads to increased productivity of labor is worth. The most competent human resources infrastructure is set, because by moving towards the development and promotion. The use of qualified employees in the university with a focus on specific objectives can be effective on its promotion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=productivity" title="productivity">productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manage" title=" manage"> manage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resources" title=" human resources"> human resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=center%20for%20applied%20science" title=" center for applied science"> center for applied science</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37722/check-factors-contributing-to-the-increase-or-decrease-in-labor-productivity-in-employees-applied-science-center-municipal-andimeshk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">7</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=25">25</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=26">26</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calibration%20definitions&page=8" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>