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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_connotations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9.1</span> <span>Cultural connotations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_connotations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9.2</span> <span>Athletics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_junior_college" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_junior_college"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9.3</span> <span>Military junior college</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_junior_college-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Community_college" title="Community college">Community college</a>.</div> <p>A <b>junior college</b> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Post-secondary" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-secondary">post-secondary</a> institution that offers vocational and academic training that is designed to prepare students for either <a href="/wiki/Skilled_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Skilled trade">skilled trades</a> and technical occupations or support roles in professions such as engineering, accountancy, business administration, nursing, medicine, architecture, and criminology. Often times, those types of colleges offer 2-year <a href="/wiki/Associate_degree" title="Associate degree">associate's degrees</a> that are intended for students that want to later transfer to a 4-year <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> to finish their <a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">undergraduate education</a>, pending adequate grades. Students typically attend those types of colleges for 1-3 years, which is also dependent on the country. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="By_country">By country</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: By country"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Bangladesh" title="Education in Bangladesh">Education in Bangladesh</a></div> <p>In Bangladesh, after completing the tenth-grade board exam (<a href="/wiki/Secondary_School_Certificate" title="Secondary School Certificate">Secondary School Certificate</a>), students attend two years of junior college, named intermediate college. After passing the <a href="/wiki/Secondary_School_Certificate" title="Secondary School Certificate">SSC</a> exam, students can apply for their desired colleges, where they study in three groups, namely Science, Humanities and Commerce, for two years. After that, students sit for <a href="/wiki/Higher_Secondary_School_Certificate" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher Secondary School Certificate">Higher Secondary Certificate</a> at the end of their second year in intermediate College. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Quebec">Quebec</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Quebec"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/CEGEP" title="CEGEP">CEGEP</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, junior colleges are higher secondary educational institutions that offer higher secondary education (Class 11th-12th), similar to Senior Secondary Schools or High Schools. However, unlike schools in India, which typically provide education from Nursery through Class 12th, these institutions are solely focused on higher secondary education (Class 11th-12th). While the majority of national and state boards in India offer continuous schooling from Nursery to Class 12th, some state boards, such as those in <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, have a system where students must apply to junior colleges after completing Class 10th <a href="/wiki/Board_examination" title="Board examination">board exams</a> (<a href="/wiki/SSLC" class="mw-redirect" title="SSLC">SSLC</a>/ <a href="/wiki/Secondary_School_Certificate" title="Secondary School Certificate">SSC</a>) to continue their education in Class 11th and 12th. In these states, junior colleges are commonly referred to as Pre-University Colleges (<a href="/wiki/Pre-university_course" title="Pre-university course">PUC</a>), Intermediate Colleges, or Higher Secondary Certificate (<a href="/wiki/Higher_Secondary_School_Certificate#India" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher Secondary School Certificate">HSC</a>) institutions. Additionally, junior colleges are often co-located with Degree Colleges or Secondary Schools. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Japan after World War II, junior colleges (短期大学) typically provide two-year courses of study but may also provide a three-year course of study. Students who complete the course of study at a junior college are entitled to an associate degree or diploma. In Japan before World War II, there were three years of national junior colleges (旧制高校). </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Higher_School" title="First Higher School">The 1st junior college</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_2nd_junior_college&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The 2nd junior college (page does not exist)">The 2nd junior college</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1_(%E6%97%A7%E5%88%B6)" class="extiw" title="ja:第二高等学校 (旧制)">ja</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Sendai" title="Sendai">Sendai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_3rd_junior_college&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The 3rd junior college (page does not exist)">The 3rd junior college</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1_(%E6%97%A7%E5%88%B6)" class="extiw" title="ja:第三高等学校 (旧制)">ja</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_4th_junior_college&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The 4th junior college (page does not exist)">The 4th junior college</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1_(%E6%97%A7%E5%88%B6)" class="extiw" title="ja:第四高等学校 (旧制)">ja</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Kanazawa" title="Kanazawa">Kanazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_5th_junior_college&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The 5th junior college (page does not exist)">The 5th junior college</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1_(%E6%97%A7%E5%88%B6)" class="extiw" title="ja:第五高等学校 (旧制)">ja</a>]</span>in <a href="/wiki/Kumamoto" title="Kumamoto">Kumamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_6th_junior_college&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The 6th junior college (page does not exist)">The 6th junior college</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1_(%E6%97%A7%E5%88%B6)" class="extiw" title="ja:第六高等学校 (旧制)">ja</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Okayama" title="Okayama">Okayama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_7th_junior_college&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The 7th junior college (page does not exist)">The 7th junior college</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1_(%E6%97%A7%E5%88%B6)" class="extiw" title="ja:第七高等学校 (旧制)">ja</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Kagoshima" title="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_8th_junior_college&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The 8th junior college (page does not exist)">The 8th junior college</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1_(%E6%97%A7%E5%88%B6)" class="extiw" title="ja:第八高等学校 (旧制)">ja</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Netherlands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Netherlands" title="Education in the Netherlands">Education in the Netherlands</a></div> <p>In the Netherlands, junior college is equivalent to MBO (middle-level vocational education). The MBO lasts one to four years, depending on the level. There are 4 levels offered to students: </p> <ul><li>MBO level 1: Assistant training. It lasts 1 year maximum. It is focused on simple executive tasks. If the student graduates, he/she can apply to MBO level 2.</li> <li>MBO level 2: Basic vocational education. The programme lasts 2 to 3 years and is focused on executive tasks.</li> <li>MBO level 3: The programme lasts 3 to 4 years. Students are taught to achieve their tasks independently.</li> <li>MBO level 4: Middle Management VET. It lasts 3 to 4 years and prepares for jobs with higher responsibility. It also opens the gates to higher education.</li></ul> <p>At all levels, MBO offers 2 possible pathways: a school-based education, where training within a company takes between 20 and 59% of the curriculum, or an apprenticeship education, where this training represents more than 60% of the study time. Both paths lead to the same certification. Students in MBO are mostly between 16 and 35. Students of the "apprenticeship" path are overall older (25+). After MBO (4 years), pupils can enroll in HBO (higher professional education) or enter the job market.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Singapore">Singapore</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Singapore"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Junior_college_(Singapore)" title="Junior college (Singapore)">Junior college (Singapore)</a></div> <p>In Singapore, a Junior College (JC) is equivalent to a <a href="/wiki/Sixth_form_college" title="Sixth form college">sixth form college</a> in the United Kingdom. After the GCE 'O' level examinations in Secondary 4 or 5, students may apply for admission to either a JC or a <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_technology#Singapore" title="Institute of technology">polytechnic</a>. The two years spent in a JC culminate in a GCE 'A' level certificate, which is the most common qualification used for university admission. </p><p>In the past, secondary schools offered both 'O' and 'A' Levels and students in classes studying for the 'A' Levels were known as the "Pre-University" class. During the 1980s and 1990s, the government began the process of transferring all 'A' Level courses to centralised JCs. At present, students finish their 'O' Levels at a secondary school and may choose to take the 'A' Levels at a JC or as a private candidate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Korea">South Korea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: South Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_South_Korea#Junior_colleges" title="Education in South Korea">Education_in_South_Korea § Junior_colleges</a></div> <p>In South Korea, junior colleges (<a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>: <span lang="ko">전문대학</span>) typically provide 2-year courses of study but may also provide a 3-year course of study if permitted by presidential decree.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students who complete the course of study at a junior college are entitled to an <a href="/wiki/Associate_degree" title="Associate degree">associate degree</a> or diploma.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Junior colleges are also permitted, subject to presidential decree, to offer "advanced major courses" for their students that will lead to a bachelor's degree.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Junior colleges in South Korea include <a href="/wiki/Yeungjin_College" title="Yeungjin College">Yeungjin College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeonbuk_Science_College" title="Jeonbuk Science College">Jeonbuk Science College</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sixth_form_college" title="Sixth form college">Sixth form college</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_junior_colleges_in_the_United_States" title="List of junior colleges in the United States">List of junior colleges in the United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Community_colleges_in_the_United_States" title="Community colleges in the United States">Community colleges in the United States</a></div> <p>In the United States, a <b>junior college</b> is a (usually intermediate) two-year <a href="/wiki/Post-secondary" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-secondary">post-secondary</a> school whose main purpose is to provide <a href="/wiki/Academic" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic">academic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vocational" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocational">vocational</a> and professional education. The highest certificate offered by such schools is usually an <a href="/wiki/Associate_degree" title="Associate degree">associate degree</a>, although junior college students may continue their education at a four-year <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a> or <a href="/wiki/College" title="College">college</a>, transferring some or all of the <a href="/wiki/Credit_(education)" class="mw-redirect" title="Credit (education)">credits</a> earned at the junior college toward the degree requirements of the four-year school.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "<b>junior college</b>" historically referred to all pre- or non-<a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> (4-year) granting post-secondary schools; however, many public junior colleges, which typically aim to serve a local community, have replaced "junior" with "community" in their names. Thus, most self-identified junior colleges in the United States today are private institutions, although only a small percentage of all two-year institutions are private.<sup id="cite_ref-williams_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-williams-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Private junior colleges in the United States reached their peak numbers in the 1940s, and have been declining ever since.<sup id="cite_ref-williams_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-williams-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the course of the 20th century, many public and private junior colleges evolved into four-year colleges, in some cases passing through an intermediary period as a <a href="/wiki/Four-year_junior_college" title="Four-year junior college">four-year junior college</a>; institutions that followed this trajectory include <a href="/wiki/Westminster_College_(Utah)" class="mw-redirect" title="Westminster College (Utah)">Westminster College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shimer_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Shimer College">Shimer College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mt._Carmel,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Mt. Carmel, Illinois">Mt. Carmel, Illinois</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cultural_connotations">Cultural connotations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Cultural connotations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Junior colleges in the United States have long had to contend with a reputation for lower academic standards. The concept can be traced back 100 years to the original public junior college, <a href="/wiki/Joliet_Junior_College" title="Joliet Junior College">Joliet Junior College</a>, which was established in a high school as the equivalent of thirteenth and fourteenth grades, to prepare qualified students for the final two years of college.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-Merrow-042207_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-Merrow-042207-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To some extent, this is inherent in the junior college mission of providing practical education to students who for various reasons fall outside the typical profile of a four-year college student (for example, someone who has graduated from high school and spent several years working in a relatively unskilled job). Over the years, such colleges developed a reputation as schools of last resort.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-Frerking-042207_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-Frerking-042207-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to federal statistics, 42% of public community college freshmen take remedial courses.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-Merrow3-042207_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-Merrow3-042207-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This does not necessarily affect their future transfer prospects: a junior college graduate with good grades can generally transfer to a four-year school and go on to obtain a full bachelor's degree. There is a growing movement of students who are attending junior colleges to save significant sums of money in the first two years of a four-year education.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-Merrow2-042207_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-Merrow2-042207-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Athletics">Athletics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Athletics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Certain junior colleges also serve as incubators for college athletes, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> and <a href="/wiki/College_football" title="College football">football</a>; in sports parlance, they are sometimes referred to as "juco"s.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-powell-042207_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-powell-042207-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A talented player who would not meet the academic standards of a major college program may be able to play for two years in junior college, establishing an academic record in the process, and then transfer to a major college.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-powell-042207_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-powell-042207-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This process has occasionally resulted in scandals, often involving the academics of the student athletes.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-powell-042207_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-powell-042207-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Military_junior_college">Military junior college</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Military junior college"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Military_junior_college" title="Military junior college">military junior college</a> allows cadets to become <a href="/wiki/Commissioned_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioned officer">commissioned officers</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Armed_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed forces">armed forces</a> reserve in two years, instead of the usual four. The students must go on to complete a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> before serving as regular officers on active duty. </p><p>There are currently four military junior colleges: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Military_College" title="Georgia Military College">Georgia Military College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milledgeville,_Georgia" title="Milledgeville, Georgia">Milledgeville, Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Military_Institute" title="Marion Military Institute">Marion Military Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marion,_Alabama" title="Marion, Alabama">Marion, Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Military_Institute" title="New Mexico Military Institute">New Mexico Military Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roswell,_New_Mexico" title="Roswell, New Mexico">Roswell, New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_Forge_Military_Academy_and_College" title="Valley Forge Military Academy and College">Valley Forge Military Academy and College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayne,_Pennsylvania" title="Wayne, Pennsylvania">Wayne, Pennsylvania</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four-year_junior_college" title="Four-year junior college">Four-year junior college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_college" title="Community college">Community college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooling_out" title="Cooling out">Cooling out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cram_school" title="Cram school">Cram school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialist_school" title="Specialist school">Specialist school</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.government.nl/topics/secondary-vocational-education-mbo-and-higher-education/secondary-vocational-education-mbo">"Secondary vocational education (MBO) - Secondary vocational education (MBO) and higher education - Government.nl"</a>. 16 December 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Secondary+vocational+education+%28MBO%29+-+Secondary+vocational+education+%28MBO%29+and+higher+education+-+Government.nl&rft.date=2011-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.government.nl%2Ftopics%2Fsecondary-vocational-education-mbo-and-higher-education%2Fsecondary-vocational-education-mbo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJunior+college" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Higher Education Act, KLRI translation, current through 2013-08-13, Article 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Higher Education Act, KLRI translation, current through 2013-08-13, Article 50.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Higher Education Act, KLRI translation, current through 2013-08-13, Article 50-2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arthur M. Cohen, and Florence B. Brawer. <i>The American Community College</i> (1st ed. 1982; new edition 2013) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/American-Community-College-Arthur-Cohen/dp/1118449819/">Excerpts</a>; Comprehensive survey</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-williams-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-williams_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-williams_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Williams, Dana Nicole. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED327222.pdf">ED327222 1989-12-00 The Survival of Private Junior Colleges. ERIC Digest</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Merrow-042207-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Merrow-042207_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Merrow, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/education/edlife/merrow.html">Community Colleges: Dream Catchers</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, April 22, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Frerking-042207-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Frerking-042207_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Beth Frerking, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/education/edlife/bestccs.html">Community Colleges: For Achievers, a New Destination</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, April 22, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Merrow3-042207-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Merrow3-042207_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Merrow, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/education/edlife/22merrow-profile-3.html">Community Colleges: A Harsh Reality</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, April 22, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Merrow2-042207-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Merrow2-042207_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Merrow, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/education/edlife/22merrow-profile-4.html">Community Colleges: The Smart Transfer</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, April 22, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-powell-042207-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-powell-042207_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-powell-042207_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-powell-042207_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Andrew Powell, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/education/edlife/sport22.html">Community College: Tennis in a Parking Lot</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, April 22, 2007</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130119101425/http://chronicle.com/article/Where-Have-All-the-Private/20241">Where Have All the Private 2-Year Colleges Gone?</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ericdigests.org/pre-9218/private.htm">The Survival of Private Junior Colleges</a> – US Federal <a href="/wiki/Education_Resources_Information_Center" title="Education Resources Information Center">Education Resources Information Center</a> Clearinghouse for Junior Colleges, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081218015706/http://www.college.gov/">college.gov – U.S. Department of Education</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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title="Pre-kindergarten">Pre-kindergarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindergarten" title="Kindergarten">Kindergarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Primary_education" title="Primary education">Primary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_school" class="mw-redirect" title="First school">First school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_school" title="Infant school">Infant school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_infant_schools_outside_Britain_and_Ireland" title="Spread of infant schools outside Britain and Ireland">Global influence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_school" title="Junior school">Junior school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">Primary school</a> / Elementary school</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Secondary_education" title="Secondary education">Secondary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adult_high_school" title="Adult high school">Adult high school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadet_college" title="Cadet college">Cadet college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College-preparatory_school" title="College-preparatory school">College-preparatory school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_institute" title="Collegiate institute">Collegiate institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_school" title="Comprehensive school">Comprehensive school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_high_school" title="Comprehensive high school">Comprehensive high school</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuation_high_school" title="Continuation high school">Continuation high school</a></li> <li><a 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school">Upper school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_education" title="Tertiary education">Tertiary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional school">Professional school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical school">Technical school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocational_school" title="Vocational school">Vocational school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education">Higher</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy" title="Academy">Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College" title="College">College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_college" title="Community college">Community college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Graduate school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_technology" title="Institute of technology">Institute of technology</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Junior college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts_college" title="Liberal arts college">Liberal arts college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">Research university</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_college" title="Residential college">Residential college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University" title="University">University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_university" title="Collegiate university">Collegiate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_division_college" title="Upper division college">Upper division college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocational_university" title="Vocational university">Vocational university</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Combined</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-through_school" title="All-through school">All-through school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school">Middle school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-room_school" title="One-room school">One-room school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranch_school" title="Ranch school">Ranch school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By funding / eligibility</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_(English_school)" title="Academy (English school)">Academy <small>(England)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_school" title="Charter school">Charter school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_day_school" title="Community day school">Community day school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_school" title="Comprehensive school">Comprehensive school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For-profit_education" title="For-profit education">For-profit education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_education" title="Free education">Free education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_school_(England)" title="Free school (England)">Free school <small>(England)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute" title="Institute">Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_school" title="Private school">Private school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Private schools in the United Kingdom">UK private school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preparatory_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Preparatory school (United Kingdom)">preparatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Public school (United Kingdom)">public</a></li></ul></li> <li>University <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_university" title="International university">international</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selective_school" title="Selective school">Selective school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separate_school" title="Separate school">Separate school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sink_school" title="Sink school">Sink school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialist_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Specialist schools in the United Kingdom">Specialist school <small>(United Kingdom)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_school" title="State school">State or public school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-integrated_school" title="State-integrated school">State-integrated school <small>(New Zealand)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By style / purpose</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_school" title="Alternative school">Alternative school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_education" title="Democratic education">Democratic education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchistic_free_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchistic free school">Anarchistic free school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudbury_school" title="Sudbury school">Sudbury school</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_school" title="International school">International school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnet_school" title="Magnet school">Magnet school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_school" title="Music school">Music school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-sex_education" title="Single-sex education">Single-sex education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Specialist_school" title="Specialist school">Specialist school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocal_school" title="Vocal school">Vocal school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Progressive_education" title="Progressive education">Progressive</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_school_movement" title="Free school movement">Free school movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_high_school" title="Folk high school">Folk high school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_school" title="Laboratory school">Laboratory school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montessori_education" title="Montessori education">Montessori school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_education" title="Waldorf education">Waldorf school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religious_school" title="Religious school">Religious</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_college" title="Bible college">Bible college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_school" title="Catholic school">Catholic school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_school" title="Christian school">Christian school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_seminary" title="Female seminary">Female seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurukula" title="Gurukula">Gurukula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parochial_school" title="Parochial school">Parochial school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">Madrasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">Yeshiva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boarding_school" title="Boarding school">Boarding school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_school" title="Day school">Day school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distance_education" title="Distance education">Distance education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeschooling" title="Homeschooling">Homeschooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_education" title="Prison education">Prison education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual school">Virtual school</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By scope</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College-preparatory_school" title="College-preparatory school">College preparatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compensatory_education" title="Compensatory education">Compensatory education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compulsory_education" title="Compulsory education">Compulsory education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_education" title="Continuing education">Continuing education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Further_education" title="Further education">Further education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gifted_education" title="Gifted education">Gifted education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclusive_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Inclusive education">Inclusive education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remedial_education" title="Remedial education">Remedial education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_education" title="Special education">Special education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_higher-learning_institutions" title="Ancient higher-learning institutions">Ancient higher-learning institutions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Platonic_Academy" title="Platonic Academy">Platonic Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum_(classical)" title="Lyceum (classical)">Lyceum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastic_school" title="Monastic school">Monastic school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_school" title="Cathedral school">Cathedral school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_university" title="Medieval university">Medieval university</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Schools imposed on<br /><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">indigenous peoples</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Indian_residential_school_system" title="Canadian Indian residential school system">in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_schools" title="Native schools">in New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Bantu_Education" title="Department of Bantu Education">in South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Indian_boarding_schools" title="American Indian boarding schools">in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Informal or illegal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hedge_school" title="Hedge school">in Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krifo_scholio" title="Krifo scholio">in Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakombenschule" title="Katakombenschule">in South Tyrol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%E2%80%9312" title="K–12">K–12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_institution" title="Educational institution">Educational institution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/16px-School.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/24px-School.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/32px-School.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Schools" title="Portal:Schools">Schools portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:School_types" title="Category:School types">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Schools_by_type" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Schools by type">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370258#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370258#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control 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class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00572662">Japan</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10640066">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&oldid=1254410761">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Junior_college&oldid=1254410761</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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