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<a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-mw-helplink" class="mw-indicator"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Categories" target="_blank" class="mw-helplink"><span class="mw-helplink-icon"></span>Help</a></div> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Category</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Petroleum</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="description en" dir="ltr" lang="en"><span class="language en" title="English"><b>English: </b></span> <b>Petroleum</b> ( <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="en:Latin">L.</a> <i>petroleum</i>, from rock + <i>oleum</i> oil) or <b>crude oil</b> is a naturally occurring, toxic, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/flammability" class="extiw" title="en:flammability">flammable</a> liquid consisting of a complex mixture of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hydrocarbon" class="extiw" title="en:hydrocarbon">hydrocarbons</a> of various molecular weights, and other <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/organic_compound" class="extiw" title="en:organic compound">organic compounds</a>, that are found in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_(stratigraphy)" class="extiw" title="en:Formation (stratigraphy)">geologic formations</a> beneath the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth" class="extiw" title="en:Earth">Earth's</a> surface. (→<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" class="extiw" title="en:Petroleum">Petroleum</a>)</div> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed skin-invert" style="clear:both;margin:2px auto;background:#FFF;color:#222;border:1px solid #AAA;padding:1px;width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="font-size:88%;background:#F0F2F5;border:none;color:#000;padding:0 .2em;text-align:center">Petroleum </th></tr> <tr> <td class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:88%;border:none;padding:0;"> <div class="description af" dir="ltr" lang="af"><span class="language af" title="Afrikaans"><b>Afrikaans: </b></span> <b>Petroleum</b> (vanuit <a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latyn" class="extiw" title="af:Latyn">Latyn</a> <i>petrus</i> – rots en <i>oleum</i> – olie), <b>minerale olie</b> of <b>ru-olie</b> is 'n dik, donkerbruin of groenerige vlambare vloeistof wat in die boonste strata van van die <a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/aarde" class="extiw" title="af:aarde">aarde</a> se <a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/kors" class="extiw" title="af:kors">kors</a> voorkom. Dit bestaan uit 'n komplekse mengsel van verskeie <a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/koolwaterstof" class="extiw" title="af:koolwaterstof">koolwaterstowwe</a>, hoofsaaklik uit die <a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/metaan" class="extiw" title="af:metaan">metaan</a> reeks, maar mag verskil in voorkoms, samestelling en suiwerheid. (→<a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ru-olie" class="extiw" title="af:Ru-olie">Ru-olie</a>)</div> <div class="description am" dir="ltr" lang="am"><span class="language am" title="Amharic"><b>አማርኛ: </b></span> <b>ፔትሮሊየም</b> በተፈጥሮ ከ <a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%88%AC%E1%89%B5" class="extiw" title="am:መሬት">መሬት</a> በታች የሚገኝ የተቀጣጣይነት ጸባይ ያለው ፈሳሽ ነው። የተገነባው ከውስብስብ የ<a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%80%E1%8B%AD%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%AE%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%AD%E1%89%A6%E1%8A%95" class="extiw" title="am:ሀይድሮካርቦን">ሀይድሮካርቦን</a> እና ሌሎች ውህዶች ጥምረት ነው። (→<a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%94%E1%89%B5%E1%88%AE%E1%88%8A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" class="extiw" title="am:ፔትሮሊየም">ፔትሮሊየም</a>)</div> <div class="description an" dir="ltr" lang="an"><span class="language an" title="Aragonese"><b>Aragonés: </b></span> O <b>petrolio</b> ye una mezcla complexa no omochenia d' <a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/idrocarburo" class="extiw" title="an:idrocarburo">idrocarburos</a>, compuestos formatos por <a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/idrocheno" class="extiw" title="an:idrocheno">idrocheno</a> e <a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/carbonio" class="extiw" title="an:carbonio">carbonio</a>. Son mui diferents entre si, dende amarilliscos e liquidos á negros e bescosos. Istas diferenzies son debitas á las relazions entre os tipos d'idrocarburos. Ye un <a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/recurso_natural" class="extiw" title="an:recurso natural">recurso natural</a> no renobable, e actualment tamién ye a prenzipal fuent d'<a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/enerch%C3%ADa" class="extiw" title="an:enerchía">enerchía</a> en os países desarrollatos. (→<a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" class="extiw" title="an:Petrolio">Petrolio</a>)</div> <div class="description ar" dir="rtl" lang="ar"><span class="language ar" title="Arabic"><b>العربية: </b></span> <b>النفط</b> أو <b>البترول</b> (كلمة مشتقة من الأصل <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:لاتينية">اللاتيني</a> "بيترا" والذي يعني صخر و"أوليوم" والتي تعني زيت)، ويطلق عليه أيضا <b>الزيت الخام</b>، كما أن له اسم دارج "الذهب الأسود"، وهو عبارة عن سائل كثيف، قابل للاشتعال، بني غامق أو بني مخضر، يوجد في الطبقة العليا من <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:القشرة الأرضية">القشرة الأرضية</a>. وأحيانا يسمى <b>نافثا</b>، من <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:لغة فارسية">اللغة الفارسية</a> ("نافت" أو "نافاتا" والتي تعني قابليته للسريان). وهو يتكون من خليط معقد من ال<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ar:هيدروكربون">هيدروكربورات</a>، وخاصة من سلسلة ال<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ar:ألكان">ألكانات</a> الثمينة كيميائيا، ولكنه يختلف في مظهره وتركيبه ونقاوته بشدة من مكان لأخر. وهو مصدر من مصادر <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:طاقة أولية">الطاقة الأولية</a> الهام للغاية إحصائيات الطاقة في العالم، ولكن العالم يحرقه ويستغله في تشغيل <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="ar:سيارة">السيارات</a> والتمتع برفاهية الحركة وفي إنتاج الطاقة الكهربائية التي يمكن أن تُوّلد بطرق أخرى توفر على البشرية حرق هذا <b>الذهب الأسود </b>القيم كيميائيا. النفط هو المادة الخام لعديد من <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="extiw" title="ar:كيماويات">المنتجات الكيماوية</a>، بما فيها <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF" class="extiw" title="ar:سماد">الأسمدة</a>، <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%AD%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="extiw" title="ar:مبيد حشرات">مبيدات الحشرات</a>، <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ar:لدائن">اللدائن</a> وكثير من الأدوات <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%83" class="extiw" title="ar:البلاستيك">البلاستيك</a> والرقائق و<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8" class="extiw" title="ar:انبوب">الأنابيب</a> و<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4" class="extiw" title="ar:قماش">الأقمشة</a> و<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ar:النايلون">النايلون</a> والحرير الإصطناعي و<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AF" class="extiw" title="ar:جلد">الجلود</a> الاصطناعية و<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A1" class="extiw" title="ar:دواء">الأدوية</a>. (→<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7" class="extiw" title="ar:نفط">نفط</a>)</div> <div class="description arc" dir="rtl" lang="arc"><span class="language arc" title="Aramaic"><b>ܐܪܡܝܐ : </b></span> <b>ܢܦܛܐ</b> ܐܘ <b>ܙܦܬܐ</b> ܐܘ <b>ܦܛܪܘܠܝܘܡ</b> ܗܘ <a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%98%DC%92%DC%90" class="extiw" title="arc:ܕܝܘܒܐ">ܕܝܘܒܐ</a> ܐܘ <a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%AB%DC%9A%DC%90" class="extiw" title="arc:ܡܫܚܐ">ܡܫܚܐ</a> ܚܦܪܝܐ ܕܡܫܬܠܗܒ ܦܫܝܩܐܝܬ. ܐܦ ܡܬܩܪܐ <a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%95%DC%97%DC%92%DC%90" class="extiw" title="arc:ܕܗܒܐ">ܕܗܒܐ</a> <a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%98%DC%9F%DC%A1%DC%90" class="extiw" title="arc:ܐܘܟܡܐ">ܐܘܟܡܐ</a>܀ (→<a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A2%DC%A6%DC%9B%DC%90" class="extiw" title="arc:ܢܦܛܐ">ܢܦܛܐ</a>)</div> <div class="description ast" dir="ltr" lang="ast"><span class="language ast" title="Asturian"><b>Asturianu: </b></span> El <b>petróleu</b> (del griegu: πετρέλαιον, "aceite de roca") ye una <a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/mezcla" class="extiw" title="ast:mezcla">mezcla</a> <a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/sistema_heterox%C3%A9neu" class="extiw" title="ast:sistema heteroxéneu">heteroxénea</a> de <a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/compuestu_org%C3%A1nicu" class="extiw" title="ast:compuestu orgánicu">compuestos orgánicos</a>, principalmente <a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrocarburo" class="extiw" title="ast:hidrocarburo">hidrocarburos</a> nun solubles en <a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/agua" class="extiw" title="ast:agua">agua</a>. Tamién ye conocíu comu <b>petróleu crudu</b> o namás <b>crudu</b>. (→<a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B3leu" class="extiw" title="ast:Petróleu">Petróleu</a>)</div> <div class="description az" dir="ltr" lang="az"><span class="language az" title="Azerbaijani"><b>Azərbaycanca: </b></span> <b>Neft</b> (qədim <i>akkad</i> dilində <i>"napatum"</i>, yəni <i>iylənən</i>, <i>alovlanan</i> deməkdir) - əsasən karbohidrogenlərin və digər üzvi birləşmlərin mürrəkkəb qarışığından ibarət spesifik iyə malik yanar maye. Karbohidrogenlərin qarışıqda çəki payı böyük intervalda dəyişir. Yüngül ( <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/x%C3%BCsysi_%C3%A7%C9%99ki" class="extiw" title="az:xüsysi çəki">xüsysi çəkisi</a> aşağı və <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/s%C4%B1xl%C4%B1%C4%9F" class="extiw" title="az:sıxlığ">sıxlığ</a>ı kiçik) neftlərdə 97%, <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/a%C4%9F%C4%B1r_neft" class="extiw" title="az:ağır neft">ağır neftl</a>ər və <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/bitum" class="extiw" title="az:bitum">bitumlarda</a> isə bu rəqəm 50%-ə qədər azala bilər. Neftin tərkibindəki <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/karbohidrogen" class="extiw" title="az:karbohidrogen">karbohidrogenl</a>ər başlıca olaraq <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkan" class="extiw" title="az:alkan">alkanlar</a>, <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/sikloalkan" class="extiw" title="az:sikloalkan">sikloalkanlar</a> və müxtəlif <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/aromatik_karbohidrogenl%C9%99r" class="extiw" title="az:aromatik karbohidrogenlər">aromatik karbohidrogenlərl</a>ə təmsil olunur. Bundan əlavə neftin tərkibində <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/azot" class="extiw" title="az:azot">azot</a>, <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/oksigen" class="extiw" title="az:oksigen">oksigen</a>, <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/k%C3%BCk%C3%BCrd" class="extiw" title="az:kükürd">kükürdl</a>ü birləşmələr və çox cüzi miqdarda <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/d%C9%99mir" class="extiw" title="az:dəmir">dəmir</a>, <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/nikel" class="extiw" title="az:nikel">nikel</a>, <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/mis" class="extiw" title="az:mis">mis</a> və <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/vanadium" class="extiw" title="az:vanadium">vanadium</a> metallarına da rast gəlinir. O, <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yer_k%C3%BCr%C9%99si" class="extiw" title="az:Yer kürəsi">Yer kürəsind</a>ə ən mühüm təbii enerji ehtiyyatlarından sayılır. Neft <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/elektrik" class="extiw" title="az:elektrik">elektrik</a> <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/enerji" class="extiw" title="az:enerji">enerjisinin</a> əldə edilməsi və <a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/n%C9%99qliyyat" class="extiw" title="az:nəqliyyat">nəqliyyat</a> vasitələrində yanacaq kimi istifadə eidlir. Bundan əlavə neft kimya sənayesində süni materialların və başqa məhsulların alınmasında istifadə edilir.Buna görə də, o həm də "<i>Qara qızıl</i>" adlanır. (→<a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neft" class="extiw" title="az:Neft">Neft</a>)</div> <div class="description sgs" dir="ltr" lang="sgs"><span class="language sgs" title="Samogitian"><b>Žemaitėška: </b></span> <b>Napta</b> (gr. ναφθα, turku kalba – <i>neft</i>; kėlmie rėšama so akadu <i>napatum</i> – ožsėlėipsnout, ožsėžėibt) – Žemes plotuo sosėdarėns degos sksītis, aliejaus kuonsėstencėjės. Rondama nousiedine kėlėma akītuos oulienuos, ėsėsonkosė smielie, smėltainiūs, klėnties. Vėins ėš glavniasio gamtuos kėlmies ėšteklio. (→<a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napta" class="extiw" title="bat-smg:Napta">Napta</a>)</div> <div class="description be" dir="ltr" lang="be"><span class="language be" title="Belarusian"><b>Беларуская: </b></span> <b>НФТА</b>, вадкі гаручы карысны выкапень. Складаная сумесь <a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" class="extiw" title="be:вуглевадароды">вуглевадародаў</a> розных класаў і іншых злучэнняў. Пашырана ў асадкавай абалонцы Зямлі. Утвараецца звычайна на глыбіні больш за 1,2-2 км. (→<a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="be:Нафта">Нафта</a>)</div> <div class="description bg" dir="ltr" lang="bg"><span class="language bg" title="Bulgarian"><b>Български: </b></span> <b>Нефтът</b> (<b>петролът</b>) представлява смес от газообразни, течни и твърди <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" class="extiw" title="bg:въглеводород">въглеводород</a>и с различна плътност и светло жълт до към черен цвят, която се образува естествено под повърхността на земята. Парите на нефта са лесно запалими при смесване с въздух. Чрез сепариране и дестилация нефтът може да бъде разделен на <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="bg:фракция">фракции</a>, включително на газообразни въглеводороди (<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="bg:метан">метан</a>, <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="bg:етан">етан</a>, <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="bg:пропан-бутан">пропан-бутан</a>), <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="bg:бензин">бензин</a>, <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BB" class="extiw" title="bg:газьол">газьол</a> (нафта), <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="bg:керосин">керосин</a>, <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%82" class="extiw" title="bg:мазут">мазут</a>, смазочни масла, <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="bg:парафин">парафин</a>, <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" class="extiw" title="bg:асфалт">асфалт</a> ( <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC" class="extiw" title="bg:битум">битум</a>). Използва се като суровина за производство на голям брой продукти. Поради постоянната нужда в съвременния свят нефтът често е наричан "<b>черно злато</b>". (→<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82" class="extiw" title="bg:Нефт">Нефт</a>)</div> <div class="description bn" dir="ltr" lang="bn"><span class="language bn" title="Bangla"><b>বাংলা: </b></span> <b>জ্বালানী</b> বলতে সেই সব পদার্থকে বোঝায় যাদের ভৌত বা রাসায়নিক গঠন বা অবস্থার পরিবর্তন ঘটলে শক্তির নিঃসরণ ঘটে। যেসব জ্বালানীতে এই শক্তি-নিঃসরণ নিয়ন্ত্রণ করা যায় এবং জ্বালানী থেকে প্রাপ্ত শক্তি <a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C" class="extiw" title="bn:কাজ">কাজে</a> রূপান্তর করা যায়, তাদেরকে ব্যাবহারযোগ্য জ্বালানি বলা হয়। (→<a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" class="extiw" title="bn:জ্বালানী">জ্বালানী</a>)</div> <div class="description bs" dir="ltr" lang="bs"><span class="language bs" title="Bosnian"><b>Bosanski: </b></span> <b>Nafta</b>, kao vrsta <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/fosilna_goriva" class="extiw" title="bs:fosilna goriva">fosilnog goriva</a>, je tamna i viskozna <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/teku%C4%87ina" class="extiw" title="bs:tekućina">tekućina</a> koja se obično pronalazi ispod površine <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemlja" class="extiw" title="bs:Zemlja">Zemlje</a> ili <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/more" class="extiw" title="bs:more">morskog</a> dna. To je vrlo složena smjesa različitih spojeva, pretežno <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljikovodici" class="extiw" title="bs:Ugljikovodici">ugljikovodika</a> <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkani" class="extiw" title="bs:alkani">alkanskog</a>, <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/cikloalkani" class="extiw" title="bs:cikloalkani">cikloalkanskog</a> i <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/aromatski_ugljikovodici" class="extiw" title="bs:aromatski ugljikovodici">aromatskog</a> reda čiji se sastav mijenja od nalazišta do nalazišta. Nagla potrošnja naftnih derivata je ubrzala razvoj metoda prerade nafte (frakciona <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/destilacija" class="extiw" title="bs:destilacija">destilacija</a>, <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/kreking" class="extiw" title="bs:kreking">kreking</a>, itd.). Danas nafta predstavlja sirovinu za proizvodnju pogonskog goriva <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/motor" class="extiw" title="bs:motor">motora</a>, a također i kao sirovina u hemijskoj industriji. Hemijskom preradom nafte dobija se niz produkata koji se koriste u drugim oblastima industrije (sirovine za proizvodnju boja i lakova, rastvarači, itd.). Ova oblast se naziva <a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/petrohemijska_industrija" class="extiw" title="bs:petrohemijska industrija">petrohemijska industrija</a>. (→<a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" class="extiw" title="bs:Nafta">Nafta</a>)</div> <div class="description ca" dir="ltr" lang="ca"><span class="language ca" title="Catalan"><b>Català: </b></span> El <b>petroli</b> és una barreja complexa no homogènia d' <a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrocarbur" class="extiw" title="ca:hidrocarbur">hidrocarburs</a>, composts formats per <a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrogen" class="extiw" title="ca:hidrogen">hidrogen</a> i <a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/carboni" class="extiw" title="ca:carboni">carboni</a>. Difereixen molt entre si, des de groguencs i líquids a negres i viscosos. Aquestes diferències són degudes a les relacions entre els tipus d'hidrocarburs. És un <a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/recurs_natural" class="extiw" title="ca:recurs natural">recurs natural</a> no renovable, i actualment també és la principal font d'<a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_(societat)" class="extiw" title="ca:Energia (societat)">energia</a> als països desenvolupats. (→<a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroli" class="extiw" title="ca:Petroli">Petroli</a>)</div> <div class="description cs" dir="ltr" lang="cs"><span class="language cs" title="Czech"><b>Čeština: </b></span> <b>Ropa</b> (též <b>(surová) nafta</b>, <b>zemní olej</b>, <b>černé zlato</b>) je hnědá až nazelenalá hořlavá <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/kapalina" class="extiw" title="cs:kapalina">kapalina</a> tvořená směsí <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhlovod%C3%ADky" class="extiw" title="cs:Uhlovodíky">uhlovodíků</a>, především <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkany" class="extiw" title="cs:Alkany">alkanů</a>. Pravděpodobně vznikla rozkladem zbytků pravěkých rostlin a živočichů. Nachází se ve svrchních vrstvách <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/zemsk%C3%A1_k%C5%AFra" class="extiw" title="cs:zemská kůra">zemské kůry</a> – nejčastěji v oblasti kontinentálních šelfů. Je základní surovinou petrochemického průmyslu. Naleziště ropy jsou pod nepropustnými vrstvami, v hloubkách až 8 km pod zemským povrchem. Ropa při těžbě buď vyvěrá pod tlakem, nebo je čerpána. Vyskytuje se společně se <a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/zemn%C3%AD_plyn" class="extiw" title="cs:zemní plyn">zemním plynem</a>. (→<a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa" class="extiw" title="cs:Ropa">Ropa</a>)</div> <div class="description cy" dir="ltr" lang="cy"><span class="language cy" title="Welsh"><b>Cymraeg: </b></span> <a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanwydd_ffosil" class="extiw" title="cy:Tanwydd ffosil">Tanwydd ffosil</a> yw <b>petroliwm</b> neu <b>olew crai</b> sy'n cael ei echdynnu o'r ddaear mewn gwledydd ar draws y byd, ond yn enwedig yn y <a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwyrain_Canol" class="extiw" title="cy:Dwyrain Canol">Dwyrain Canol</a>, <a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unol_Daleithiau_America" class="extiw" title="cy:Unol Daleithiau America">Unol Daleithiau America</a>, <a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwsia" class="extiw" title="cy:Rwsia">Rwsia</a> a <a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feneswela" class="extiw" title="cy:Feneswela">Feneswela</a>. Mae'n <a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/adnodd_anadnewyddadwy" class="extiw" title="cy:adnodd anadnewyddadwy">adnodd anadnewyddadwy</a> a defnyddir i wneud petrol, plastig ayyb. Mae petroliwm yn hylif tew brown tywyll fel arfer, sy'n cynnwys cymysgedd cymhleth o <a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/hydrocarbon" class="extiw" title="cy:hydrocarbon">hydrocarbonau</a> fflamadwy. Caiff y petroliwm ei buro trwy broses o <a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/distyllu_ffracsiynol" class="extiw" title="cy:distyllu ffracsiynol">ddistyllu ffracsiynol</a>. (→<a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroliwm" class="extiw" title="cy:Petroliwm">Petroliwm</a>)</div> <div class="description da" dir="ltr" lang="da"><span class="language da" title="Danish"><b>Dansk: </b></span> <b>Råolie</b> er den ubehandlede <a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/olie" class="extiw" title="da:olie">olie</a>, som udvindes fra <a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/jordens_undergrund" class="extiw" title="da:jordens undergrund">jordens undergrund</a>. Ved <a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/raffinering" class="extiw" title="da:raffinering">raffinering</a> behandles <b>råolien</b> således at der opnås flere produkter efter fysiske og kemiske egenskaber. (→<a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A5olie" class="extiw" title="da:Råolie">Råolie</a>)</div> <div class="description de" dir="ltr" lang="de"><span class="language de" title="German"><b>Deutsch: </b></span> (→<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C3%B6l" class="extiw" title="de:Erdöl">Erdöl</a>)</div> <div class="description el" dir="ltr" lang="el"><span class="language el" title="Greek"><b>Ελληνικά: </b></span> Το <b>πετρέλαιο</b> (από το ελληνικο <i>πέτρα</i> και <i>έλαιο</i>, <i>"λάδι της πέτρας"</i> / λατινικά <i>petroleum</i>), που μερικές φορές στην καθημερινή γλώσσα αποκαλείται και <i>μαύρος χρυσός</i> ή <i>τσάι του Τέξας</i>, ειναι ενα παχύρευστο, μαύρο ή βαθύ <a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AD_(%CF%87%CF%81%CF%8E%CE%BC%CE%B1)" class="extiw" title="el:καφέ (χρώμα)">καφετί</a> ή <a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF" class="extiw" title="el:πράσινο">πρασινωπό</a> <a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CF%85%CE%B3%CF%81%CF%8C" class="extiw" title="el:υγρό">υγρό</a> ορυκτό, που αποτελεί και τη σπουδαιότερη σήμερα φυσική πηγή ενέργειας. (→<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BF" class="extiw" title="el:Πετρέλαιο">Πετρέλαιο</a>)</div> <div class="description eo" dir="ltr" lang="eo"><span class="language eo" title="Esperanto"><b>Esperanto: </b></span> <i>vidu ankaŭ <a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAFTA" class="extiw" title="eo:NAFTA">NAFTA</a>, komerca akordo</i> (→<a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafto" class="extiw" title="eo:Nafto">Nafto</a>)</div> <div class="description es" dir="ltr" lang="es"><span class="language es" title="Spanish"><b>Español: </b></span> El <b>petróleo</b> (del griego: πετρέλαιον, "aceite de roca") es una <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/mezcla" class="extiw" title="es:mezcla">mezcla</a> <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/sistema_heterog%C3%A9neo" class="extiw" title="es:sistema heterogéneo">heterogénea</a> de <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/compuesto_org%C3%A1nico" class="extiw" title="es:compuesto orgánico">compuestos orgánicos</a>, principalmente <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrocarburo" class="extiw" title="es:hidrocarburo">hidrocarburos</a> <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubilidad" class="extiw" title="es:Solubilidad">insolubles</a> en <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/agua" class="extiw" title="es:agua">agua</a>. También es conocido como <b>petróleo crudo</b> o simplemente <b>crudo</b>. (→<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B3leo" class="extiw" title="es:Petróleo">Petróleo</a>)</div> <div class="description et" dir="ltr" lang="et"><span class="language et" title="Estonian"><b>Eesti: </b></span> <b>Nafta</b> on looduslik <a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/maakoor" class="extiw" title="et:maakoor">maakoores</a> leiduv peamiselt <a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedelik" class="extiw" title="et:Vedelik">vedelate</a> <a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/s%C3%BCsivesinik" class="extiw" title="et:süsivesinik">süsivesinike</a> <a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/segu" class="extiw" title="et:segu">segu</a>. (→<a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" class="extiw" title="et:Nafta">Nafta</a>)</div> <div class="description eu" dir="ltr" lang="eu"><span class="language eu" title="Basque"><b>Euskara: </b></span> <b>Petrolio</b> ( <a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/latin" class="extiw" title="eu:latin">latinetik</a> <i>Petroleum</i>, eta hau <a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/greziera" class="extiw" title="eu:greziera">grezieratik</a> πέτρα, "harri" + ἔλαιον, "olio") osaera ezberdineko <a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrokarburo" class="extiw" title="eu:hidrokarburo">hidrokarburoen</a> (batez ere <a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkano" class="extiw" title="eu:alkano">alkanoen</a>) nahasketa likidoa da. Hidrokarbonoaren kate-luzera C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub> eta C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>38</sub> artean da. Materia naturala da, <a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/beltza" class="extiw" title="eu:beltza">beltza</a> edo <a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/marroi" class="extiw" title="eu:marroi">marroi</a> iluna (<a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/hori" class="extiw" title="eu:hori">horixka</a> edota <a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/berde" class="extiw" title="eu:berde">berdexka</a> ere izan badaiteke ere), nahiz eta osaeraren arabera, itxura desberdina hartzen du. (→<a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" class="extiw" title="eu:Petrolio">Petrolio</a>)</div> <div class="description fa" dir="rtl" lang="fa"><span class="language fa" title="Persian"><b>فارسی: </b></span> <b>نَفت</b> مایع غلیظ و افروختنی به‌رنگ قهوه‌ای سیر یا سبز تیره‌است که در لایه‌های بالایی بخش‌هایی از پوستهٔ <a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" class="extiw" title="fa:کره زمین">کره زمین</a> یافت می‌شود. نفت شامل آمیزه پیچیده‌ای از هیدروکربن‌هایی گوناگون است. بیش‌تر این <a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" class="extiw" title="fa:هیدروکربن">هیدروکربن‌ها</a> از زنجیرهٔ <a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" class="extiw" title="fa:آلکان">آلکان</a> هستند؛ ولی ممکن است از دید ظاهر، ترکیب یا <a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B5" class="extiw" title="fa:خلوص">خلوص</a> تفاوت‌های زیادی داشته‌باشند. (→<a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%81%D8%AA" class="extiw" title="fa:نفت">نفت</a>)</div> <div class="description fi" dir="ltr" lang="fi"><span class="language fi" title="Finnish"><b>Suomi: </b></span> <b>Maaöljy</b> eli <b>vuoriöljy</b> tai <b>raakaöljy</b>, joskus myös yksinkertaisesti <b>öljy</b>, on maaperässä muinaisista eliöistä muodostunut <a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/hiilivety" class="extiw" title="fi:hiilivety">hiilivetyjen</a> seos. Öljyä käytetään laajalti <a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/polttoaine" class="extiw" title="fi:polttoaine">polttoaineena</a> ja raaka-aineena synteettisiä aineita valmistettaessa. 40 % kaikesta maailmassa käytetystä energiasta ja 95 % liikenteessä käytetystä energiasta tulee öljystä. (→<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa%C3%B6ljy" class="extiw" title="fi:Maaöljy">Maaöljy</a>)</div> <div class="description fr" dir="ltr" lang="fr"><span class="language fr" title="French"><b>Français : </b></span> Le <b>pétrole</b> est une <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/roche" class="extiw" title="fr:roche">roche</a> liquide carbonée, ou <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/hydrocarbure" class="extiw" title="fr:hydrocarbure">huile minérale</a>. L'exploitation de cette <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%A9nergie_fossile" class="extiw" title="fr:énergie fossile">énergie fossile</a> est l’un des piliers de l’<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secteurs_%C3%A9conomiques" class="extiw" title="fr:Secteurs économiques">économie</a> industrielle contemporaine, car le pétrole fournit la quasi totalité des <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/carburant" class="extiw" title="fr:carburant">carburants</a> liquides. On l'utilise beaucoup pour l'industrie plastique et toutes sortes de dérivés. (→<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9trole" class="extiw" title="fr:Pétrole">Pétrole</a>)</div> <div class="description gl" dir="ltr" lang="gl"><span class="language gl" title="Galician"><b>Galego: </b></span> O <b>petróleo</b> (do latín <i>petra</i>, pedra + <i>oleum</i>, aceite), tamén chamado <b> <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/cru" class="extiw" title="gl:cru">cru</a> de petróleo</b>, é un <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/l%C3%ADquido" class="extiw" title="gl:líquido">líquido</a> natural que se atopa en formacións na <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra" class="extiw" title="gl:Terra">Terra</a> consistindo nunha complexa mestura de compostos orgánicos, maiormente <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrocarburo" class="extiw" title="gl:hidrocarburo">hidrocarburos</a>. Os outros constituíntes son <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/composto_org%C3%A1nico" class="extiw" title="gl:composto orgánico">compostos orgánicos</a> contendo elementos químicos como <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/nitr%C3%B3xeno" class="extiw" title="gl:nitróxeno">nitróxeno</a>, <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/xofre" class="extiw" title="gl:xofre">xofre</a>, <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Os%C3%ADxeno_(elemento)" class="extiw" title="gl:Osíxeno (elemento)">osíxeno</a> (chamados xenericamente de compostos NSO) e <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/metal" class="extiw" title="gl:metal">metais</a>, principalmente <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/n%C3%ADquel" class="extiw" title="gl:níquel">níquel</a> e <a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/vanadio" class="extiw" title="gl:vanadio">vanadio</a>. (→<a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B3leo" class="extiw" title="gl:Petróleo">Petróleo</a>)</div> <div class="description he" dir="rtl" lang="he"><span class="language he" title="Hebrew"><b>עברית: </b></span> (→<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%98" class="extiw" title="he:נפט">נפט</a>)</div> <div class="description hi" dir="ltr" lang="hi"><span class="language hi" title="Hindi"><b>हिन्दी: </b></span> पेट्रोलियम एक अत्यधिक उपयोगी पदार्थ हैं, जिसका उपयोग देनिक जीवन में बहुत अधिक होता हैं । पेट्रोलियम वास्तव में हाईड्रोकार्बनों का मिश्रण होता है । इसका निर्माण भी कोयले की तरह वनस्पतियों के पृथ्वी के नीचे दबने तथा कालांतर में उनके उपर उच्च दाब तथा ताप के आपतन के कारण हुआ । प्राकृतिक रूप से पाए जाने वाले पेट्रोलियम को अपरिष्कृत तेल (Crude Oil) कहते हैं जो काले रंग का गाढ़ा द्रव होता है । इसके <a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8" class="extiw" title="hi:प्रभाजी आसवन">प्रभाजी आसवन</a> (फ्रैक्शनल डिस्टिलेशन) से <a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" class="extiw" title="hi:केरोसिन">केरोसिन</a>, <a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2" class="extiw" title="hi:पेट्रोल">पेट्रोल</a>, <a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%B2" class="extiw" title="hi:डीज़ल">डीज़ल</a>, <a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8" class="extiw" title="hi:प्राकृतिक गैस">प्राकृतिक गैस</a>, <a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8" class="extiw" title="hi:वेसलीन">वेसलीन</a>, ल्यूब्रिकेंट तेल इत्यादि प्राप्त होते हैं । (→<a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" class="extiw" title="hi:पेट्रोलियम">पेट्रोलियम</a>)</div> <div class="description hr" dir="ltr" lang="hr"><span class="language hr" title="Croatian"><b>Hrvatski: </b></span> <a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datoteka:Gulf_Offshore_Platform.jpg" class="extiw" title="hr:Datoteka:Gulf Offshore Platform.jpg">mini|Naftna platforma</a> (→<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" class="extiw" title="hr:Nafta">Nafta</a>)</div> <div class="description hu" dir="ltr" lang="hu"><span class="language hu" title="Hungarian"><b>Magyar: </b></span> A <b>kőolaj</b> (más néven <i>ásványolaj</i>) a <a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6ld" class="extiw" title="hu:Föld">Föld</a> szilárd kérgében található természetes eredetű, élő szervezetek bomlásával, átalakulásával keletkezett ásványi termék. Fő összetevői folyékony halmazállapotú <a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/sz%C3%A9nhidrog%C3%A9nek" class="extiw" title="hu:szénhidrogének">szénhidrogének</a>, de lelőhelyén, annak földrajzi helyzetétől függően oldatban, nyomás alatt gáznemű, valamint szilárd halmazállapotú szénhidrogéneket is tartalmazhat kisebb-nagyobb mennyiségben. (→<a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%91olaj" class="extiw" title="hu:Kőolaj">Kőolaj</a>)</div> <div class="description hy" dir="ltr" lang="hy"><span class="language hy" title="Armenian"><b>Հայերեն: </b></span> <b>Նավթը</b> ( <a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" class="extiw" title="hy:պահլավերեն">պհլ.</a> naft) բնականաբար հայտնվող, երկրի նստվածքային թաղանթում տարածված, յուղանման, յուրահատուկ հոտով վառվելիք հեղուկ է, կարևորագույն օգտակար հանածո: Դա հայտնվում է երկրագունդի ժայռերի կազմավորումների մեջ և բաղկացած է բազմազանի մոլեկուլային կշիռներով բարդ <a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%BB%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%AB%D5%B6" class="extiw" title="hy:ածխաջրածին">ածխաջրածին</a>ների խառնուրդից, ինչպես նաև ուրիշ օրգանական բաղադրյալներից: Առաջանում է գազանման ածխաջրածինների հետ միասին 1,2-2 կմ ից ավել խորություն ունեցող հորիզոնականներում: Երկրի մակերևույթի մոտ նավթը փոխարկվում է բարձր մալթայի (մածուցիկ նավթ), կիսակարծր <a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%A1%D5%BD%D6%86%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%BF" class="extiw" title="hy:ասֆալտ">ասֆալտ</a>ի: (→<a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A9" class="extiw" title="hy:Նավթ">Նավթ</a>)</div> <div class="description ia" dir="ltr" lang="ia"><span class="language ia" title="Interlingua"><b>Interlingua: </b></span> La <b>petroleo</b> es un substantia liquid, natural, fossil, incontrate in le subsolo, usate pro energia e synthetisar multe products industrial. Le recerca, le exploration, le exploitation e le industrialisation del petroleo involve multe disciplinas e specialitates. (→<a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleo" class="extiw" title="ia:Petroleo">Petroleo</a>)</div> <div class="description id" dir="ltr" lang="id"><span class="language id" title="Indonesian"><b>Bahasa Indonesia: </b></span> <b>Minyak bumi</b> ( <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/bahasa_Inggris" class="extiw" title="id:bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: <i>petroleum</i>, dari <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/bahasa_Latin" class="extiw" title="id:bahasa Latin">bahasa Latin</a> <i>petrus</i> – karang dan <i>oleum</i> – minyak), dijuluki juga sebagai <i>emas hitam</i>, adalah cairan kental, coklat gelap, atau kehijauan yang mudah terbakar, yang berada di lapisan atas dari beberapa area di <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/kerak" class="extiw" title="id:kerak">kerak</a> <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumi" class="extiw" title="id:Bumi">Bumi</a>. Minyak bumi terdiri dari campuran kompleks dari berbagai <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrokarbon" class="extiw" title="id:hidrokarbon">hidrokarbon</a>, sebagian besar seri <a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkana" class="extiw" title="id:alkana">alkana</a>, tetapi bervariasi dalam penampilan, komposisi, dan kemurniannya. (→<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyak_bumi" class="extiw" title="id:Minyak bumi">Minyak bumi</a>)</div> <div class="description io" dir="ltr" lang="io"><span class="language io" title="Ido"><b>Ido: </b></span> <b>Petrolo</b> (da <a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grekiana_linguo" class="extiw" title="io:Grekiana linguo">Grekiana vorti</a> πετρή <i>petros</i> - petro, ed ολέον <i>oleos</i> - oleo) esas liquido ke okuras en subtero di kelka regioni di <a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tero" class="extiw" title="io:Tero">Tero</a> e konsistas ek multa substanci, precipue hidrokarbi. (→<a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolo" class="extiw" title="io:Petrolo">Petrolo</a>)</div> <div class="description is" dir="ltr" lang="is"><span class="language is" title="Icelandic"><b>Íslenska: </b></span> <b>Hráolía</b>, stundum óformlega kölluð <i>svartagull</i>, er þykkur dökk <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%BAnn" class="extiw" title="is:Brúnn">brún</a>- eða <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A6nn" class="extiw" title="is:Grænn">grænleitur</a> <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/v%C3%B6kvi" class="extiw" title="is:vökvi">vökvi</a> sem finnst víða í efri <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/jar%C3%B0l%C3%B6g" class="extiw" title="is:jarðlög">jarðlögum</a> <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jar%C3%B0skorpa" class="extiw" title="is:Jarðskorpa">jarðskorpunnar</a>. Hún inniheldur flókna blöndu <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolvetni" class="extiw" title="is:Kolvetni">kolvetna</a>, oft <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkan" class="extiw" title="is:alkan">alkana</a>, <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/alken" class="extiw" title="is:alken">alkena</a>, <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hringalkani" class="extiw" title="is:Hringalkani">hringalkana</a> eða <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/ar%C3%B3mat%C3%ADsk_efnasamb%C3%B6nd" class="extiw" title="is:arómatísk efnasambönd">arómatísk efnasambönd</a>, en útlit, samsetning og hreinleiki er mjög misjafn. Almennt er litið svo á að hráolía myndist við það að rotnaðar <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/planta" class="extiw" title="is:planta">plöntu</a>- og <a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/d%C3%BDr" class="extiw" title="is:dýr">dýraleifar</a> grafist undir jarðlögum þar sem að þær verða fyrir miklum hita og þrýstingi í milljónir ára. Efnasamsetning hráolíu er mjög mismunandi eftir því hvar hún finnst. (→<a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hr%C3%A1ol%C3%ADa" class="extiw" title="is:Hráolía">Hráolía</a>)</div> <div class="description it" dir="ltr" lang="it"><span class="language it" title="Italian"><b>Italiano: </b></span> Il <b>petrolio</b> (dal <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/lingua_greca" class="extiw" title="it:lingua greca">greco</a> <i>πέτρα</i>, "roccia", e <i>έλαιο</i>, "olio"), anche detto <b>oro nero</b>, è un <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/liquido" class="extiw" title="it:liquido">liquido</a> <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infiammabilit%C3%A0" class="extiw" title="it:Infiammabilità">infiammabile</a>, denso, di colore che può andare dal nero al marrone scuro, passando dal verdognolo fino all' arancione, che si trova in alcuni <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/giacimento" class="extiw" title="it:giacimento">giacimenti</a> entro gli strati superiori della <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/crosta_terrestre" class="extiw" title="it:crosta terrestre">crosta terrestre</a>. È composto da una <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/miscela_(chimica)" class="extiw" title="it:miscela (chimica)">miscela</a> di vari <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/idrocarburo" class="extiw" title="it:idrocarburo">idrocarburi</a> (in prevalenza <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/alcani" class="extiw" title="it:alcani">alcani</a>, ma con variazioni nell'aspetto, nella composizione e nelle proprietà fisico-chimiche). (→<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" class="extiw" title="it:Petrolio">Petrolio</a>)</div> <div class="description ja" dir="ltr" lang="ja"><span class="language ja" title="Japanese"><b>日本語:</b></span> <b>石油</b>（せきゆ）とは、 <a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%AD%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%B4%E7%B4%A0" class="extiw" title="ja:炭化水素">炭化水素</a>を主成分として、ほかに少量の<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%BB%84" class="extiw" title="ja:硫黄">硫黄</a>・<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E7%B4%A0" class="extiw" title="ja:酸素">酸素</a>・<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%92%E7%B4%A0" class="extiw" title="ja:窒素">窒素</a>などさまざまな物質を含む液状の<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%B9" class="extiw" title="ja:油">油</a>である。採掘後、ガス、水分、異物などを大まかに除去した精製前のものを特に<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%B2%B9" class="extiw" title="ja:原油">原油</a>（げんゆ）という。<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%B1%E7%89%A9" class="extiw" title="ja:鉱物">鉱物</a>資源の一種とする場合もある。 (→<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" class="extiw" title="ja:石油">石油</a>)</div> <div class="description jbo" dir="ltr" lang="jbo"><span class="language jbo" title="Lojban"><b>La .lojban.: </b></span> ni'o lo <b>ctile</b> goi ko'a to le valsi cu se krasi zoi <a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xesybau" class="extiw" title="jbo:xesybau">xesybau</a> πετρέλαιον xesybau poi se smuni lu rokci grasu li'u toi cu rarna je selka'e jelca litki gi'e marji lo mixre be so'i <a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/drotabmai" class="extiw" title="jbo:drotabmai">drotabmai</a> .e lo drata tabyselcmu .i ko'a se zvafa'i fi lo cnita be lo terdi sefta (→<a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ctile" class="extiw" title="jbo:ctile">ctile</a>)</div> <div class="description ka" dir="ltr" lang="ka"><span class="language ka" title="Georgian"><b>ქართული: </b></span> <b>ნავთობი</b> არის აალებადი სითხე, რომელიც შედგება სხვადასხვა მოლეკულური მასის ნახშირწყალბადებისა და სხვა <a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" class="extiw" title="ka:ორგანული ნივთიერებები">ორგანული ნივთიერებებისაგან</a>. ის ძირითადად არის მუქი ყავისფერი ან შავი, ხანდახან კი მომწვანო ან მოყვითალო ფერის. აქვს სპეციფიური სუნი. გავრცელებულია <a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90" class="extiw" title="ka:დედამიწა">დედამიწის</a> დანალექ ფენაში და წარმოადგენს ერთ-ერთ უმნიშვნელოვანეს <a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" class="extiw" title="ka:სასარგებლო წიაღისეული">სასარგებლო წიაღისეულს</a>. (→<a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" class="extiw" title="ka:ნავთობი">ნავთობი</a>)</div> <div class="description kk" dir="ltr" lang="kk"><span class="language kk" title="Kazakh"><b>Қазақша: </b></span> <b>Мұнай</b> - көміртегілер қоспасы болатын, жанатын майлы сұйықтық; қызыл-қоңыр, кейде қара түске жақын, немесе әлсіз жасыл-сары, тіпті түссіз түрі де кездеседі; өзіндік иісі бар; жерде тұнбалық қабатында орналасады; пайдалы қазбалардың ең маңызды түрі. (→<a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D2%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" class="extiw" title="kk:Мұнай">Мұнай</a>)</div> <div class="description ko" dir="ltr" lang="ko"><span class="language ko" title="Korean"><b>한국어: </b></span> <b>석유</b>(石油)는 천연에서 액체 상태로 산출되는 탄화수소의 혼합물이다. 공기가 없는 상태에서 미세한 바다 유기물의 분해에 의해 형성되었을 것으로 추측된다. 정제하지 않은 석유를 원유(原油)라고 하며 이를 <a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A6%9D%EB%A5%98" class="extiw" title="ko:증류">정제</a>하여 <a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9C%98%EB%B0%9C%EC%9C%A0" class="extiw" title="ko:휘발유">휘발유</a>, <a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EC%9C%A0" class="extiw" title="ko:경유">경유</a>, <a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%93%B1%EC%9C%A0" class="extiw" title="ko:등유">등유</a> 등을 제조한다. 각종 <a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%97%85" class="extiw" title="ko:산업">산업</a>에 필수적인 에너지 자원이며 동시에 공업 원료로 사용된다. (→<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9D%EC%9C%A0" class="extiw" title="ko:석유">석유</a>)</div> <div class="description ku" dir="ltr" lang="ku"><span class="language ku" title="Kurdish"><b>Kurdî: </b></span> <b>Neft</b> an <b>petrol</b> li gor erdnasan ( <a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/jeolog" class="extiw" title="ku:jeolog">jeolog</a>) bi vî awayî çêbûye: Gava rawirên deryayan dimirin, cihên wan yên bi dohn di binê deryayan de kom dibin û bi hin madeyên din re tevlihev dibin. Cihê ku ev dohn lê çêdibe hek li tevgereke erdîn rast bê ev dohn di binê erdekî pir giran de dimîne. Di binê vê giranîyê de ev dohn dibe neft. Deryayên ku neft lê çêdibin ne yên mezin yên teng û nizm in. Neft, di qul û qelîştekên keviran de pir tê dîtin. Di nav neftê de hin <a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/azot" class="extiw" title="ku:azot">azot</a>, <a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/oqs%C3%AEjen" class="extiw" title="ku:oqsîjen">oqsîjen</a>, <a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/sulfur" class="extiw" title="ku:sulfur">sulfur</a> û <a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/hely%C3%BBm" class="extiw" title="ku:helyûm">helyûm</a> jî hene. (→<a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neft" class="extiw" title="ku:Neft">Neft</a>)</div> <div class="description la" dir="ltr" lang="la"><span class="language la" title="Latin"><b>Latina: </b></span> <b>Petroleum</b> seu naptha est <a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/petrus" class="extiw" title="la:petrus">petri</a> <a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/oleum" class="extiw" title="la:oleum">oleum</a>, <a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/hydrocarburum" class="extiw" title="la:hydrocarburum">hydrocarburum</a> <a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/liquidus" class="extiw" title="la:liquidus">liquidum</a>, quod inter principales <a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/fomes_fossilis" class="extiw" title="la:fomes fossilis">fomes fossiles</a> numeratur. (→<a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" class="extiw" title="la:Petroleum">Petroleum</a>)</div> <div class="description ln" dir="ltr" lang="ln"><span class="language ln" title="Lingala"><b>Lingála : </b></span> <b>Pitɔlɔ́</b> ezalí <a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/maf%C3%BAta_ma_lik%C9%9B%CC%81l%C9%9B" class="extiw" title="ln:mafúta ma likɛ́lɛ">mafúta ma likɛ́lɛ</a> mazwámaka o nsé ya <a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/mabel%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="ln:mabelé">mabelé</a>. Basálamaka mafúta ma libángá mangó mpɔ̂ na ekómí <a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/es%C3%A1nsi" class="extiw" title="ln:esánsi">esánsi</a> eye kotámbwisa <a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/ek%C3%BAmbi" class="extiw" title="ln:ekúmbi">ekúmbi</a> (<a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/m%C3%B3tuka" class="extiw" title="ln:mótuka">mótuka</a>, <a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/mp%C9%9B%CC%81p%C9%94" class="extiw" title="ln:mpɛ́pɔ">mpɛ́pɔ</a>, bnb.) na <a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/mot%C9%9B%CC%82l%C9%9B" class="extiw" title="ln:motɛ̂lɛ">motɛ̂lɛ</a>, mpé mpɔ̂ na ekómí <a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/maz%C3%BAti" class="extiw" title="ln:mazúti">mazúti</a> tǒ <a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/mpak%C3%A1" class="extiw" title="ln:mpaká">mpaká</a>. (→<a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit%C9%94l%C9%94%CC%81" class="extiw" title="ln:Pitɔlɔ́">Pitɔlɔ́</a>)</div> <div class="description lt" dir="ltr" lang="lt"><span class="language lt" title="Lithuanian"><b>Lietuvių: </b></span> <b>Nafta</b> (, turkų kalba – <i>neft</i>; kilmė siejama su akadų <i>napatum</i> – užsiliepsnoti, užsižiebti) – <a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDem%C4%97" class="extiw" title="lt:Žemė">Žemės</a> plutoje susidaręs degus skystis, <a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/aliejus" class="extiw" title="lt:aliejus">aliejaus</a> konsistencijos. Randama nuosėdinės kilmės akytose <a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/uoliena" class="extiw" title="lt:uoliena">uolienose</a>, įsisunkusi į <a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/sm%C4%97lis" class="extiw" title="lt:smėlis">smėlį</a>, <a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/smiltainis" class="extiw" title="lt:smiltainis">smiltainį</a>, <a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klintis" class="extiw" title="lt:Klintis">klintį</a>. Vienas iš svarbiausių gamtinių išteklių. (→<a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" class="extiw" title="lt:Nafta">Nafta</a>)</div> <div class="description lv" dir="ltr" lang="lv"><span class="language lv" title="Latvian"><b>Latviešu: </b></span> <b>Nafta</b> ir degošs eļļains <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A1%C4%B7idrums" class="extiw" title="lv:šķidrums">šķidrums</a>, <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/der%C4%ABgais_izraktenis" class="extiw" title="lv:derīgais izraktenis">derīgais izraktenis</a>, kas sastāv no <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/og%C4%BC%C5%ABde%C5%86ra%C5%BEi" class="extiw" title="lv:ogļūdeņraži">ogļūdeņražiem</a> un citiem piemaisījumiem. Viens no svarīgākajiem enerģijas resursiem. Neapstrādātu naftu sauc par <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/j%C4%93lnafta" class="extiw" title="lv:jēlnafta">jēlnaftu</a>. Nafta iegulas atrodas dziļi zemē un to iegūst, veicot urbumu <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeme" class="extiw" title="lv:Zeme">Zemes</a> virskārtā, bet ir fiksēti gadījumi, kad nafta pati pa plaisām <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemes_garoza" class="extiw" title="lv:Zemes garoza">Zemes garozā</a> izlaužas līdz tās virskārtai. Tāpēc jau senatnē bija pazīstama nafta. To sākotnēji izmantoja <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/lampa" class="extiw" title="lv:lampa">lampās</a> un <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/l%C4%81pa" class="extiw" title="lv:lāpa">lāpās</a>. Tikai sākot ar <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/19._gadsimts" class="extiw" title="lv:19. gadsimts">19. gadsimtu</a> to sāka pārstrādāt par <a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/degviela" class="extiw" title="lv:degviela">degvielu</a> un citiem produktiem. Nafta šajā laikā pat tika izmantota kā ārstniecības līdzeklis. (→<a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" class="extiw" title="lv:Nafta">Nafta</a>)</div> <div class="description ml" dir="ltr" lang="ml"><span class="language ml" title="Malayalam"><b>മലയാളം: </b></span> ഭൂമിയിലെ പാറക്കൂട്ടങ്ങൾക്കിടയിൽ പ്രകൃത്യാ കണ്ടുവരുന്നതും കത്താൻ കഴിവുള്ളതുമായ ദ്രാവകമാണ് <b>പെട്രോളിയം</b>( <a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D" class="extiw" title="ml:ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്">ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്</a>: Petroleum, <a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" class="extiw" title="ml:ലാറ്റിൻ">ലാറ്റിൻ</a>: petroleum, < <a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" class="extiw" title="ml:ഗ്രീക്ക്">ഗ്രീക്ക്</a>: πετρέλαιον). വിവിധ തരത്തിലുള്ള ഹൈഡ്രോകാർബണുകളുടെ സങ്കീർണ്ണമായ മിശ്രിതമാണ്‌ ഇവ, കൂടെ മറ്റുള്ള ജൈവസം‌യുക്തങ്ങളും കാണപ്പെടുന്നു. പെട്രോളിയത്തെ 'സ്വാഭാവിക എണ്ണ' (crude oil) എന്നും പറയാറുണ്ട്.1546 ൽ ജർമൻ ശാസ്ത്രജ്ഞനായ <i>ജോർജ് ബൗർ</i> ആണ്‌ പെട്രോളിയം എന്ന പദം ആദ്യമായി ഉപയോഗിച്ചത്. (→<a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" class="extiw" title="ml:പെട്രോളിയം">പെട്രോളിയം</a>)</div> <div class="description mn" dir="ltr" lang="mn"><span class="language mn" title="Mongolian"><b>Монгол: </b></span> <b>Газрын тос </b> (<i>Petroleum</i> - <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" class="extiw" title="mn:грек хэл">грек гаралтай</a>, <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="mn:латин">латин</a> үг бөгөөд πετρα - чулуу + ολιον - тос) нь олон төрлийн <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BD%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87" class="extiw" title="mn:нүүрсустөрөгч">нүүрсустөрөгчдөөс</a> тогтох шингэн, <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%82_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB" class="extiw" title="mn:шатах ашигт малтмал">шатах ашигт малтмал</a> юм. <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="mn:Алкан">Алкан</a> нь газрын тосыг бүрдүүлэгч үндсэн <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BD%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%B3%D1%87" class="extiw" title="mn:нүүрсустөрөгч">нүүрсустөрөгч</a> бөгөөд C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub> аас C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>38</sub> хүртэлх нэгдэлүүд нь тааралдана. Үүнээс хөнгөн нүүрс-устөрөгчид нь (хийн төлөвт) <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9" class="extiw" title="mn:байгалийн хий">байгалийн хий</a>, болон <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9" class="extiw" title="mn:Байгалийн хий">тосны хийг</a>, харин хүндүүд нь хатуу төлөвт орших ба <a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BD%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%81" class="extiw" title="mn:нүүрс">нүүрсний</a> үндсэн бүтэц болно. (→<a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81" class="extiw" title="mn:Газрын тос">Газрын тос</a>)</div> <div class="description mr" dir="ltr" lang="mr"><span class="language mr" title="Marathi"><b>मराठी: </b></span> क्रूड तेल हे जमीनीच्या पोटातून काढले जाणारे <a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" class="extiw" title="mr:खनिज तेल">खनिज तेल</a> आहे. याच्या शुद्धीकरणा नंतर <a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2" class="extiw" title="mr:पेट्रोल">पेट्रोल</a>, <a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" class="extiw" title="mr:डीझेल">डीझेल</a> व इतर उत्पादने मिळतात. (→<a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" class="extiw" title="mr:खनिज तेल">खनिज तेल</a>)</div> <div class="description ms" dir="ltr" lang="ms"><span class="language ms" title="Malay"><b>Bahasa Melayu: </b></span> <b>Petroleum</b> (minyak batu, dari bahasa Greek <i>petra</i> – batu dan <i>oleum</i> – minyak) merupakan sejenis <a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/cecair" class="extiw" title="ms:cecair">cecair</a> gelap dan pekat yang juga dipanggil <i>emas hitam</i>. Istilah <i>"petroleum"</i> pertama kali digunakan di dalam karya bertajuk <i>De Natura Fossilium</i>, diterbitkan pada tahun 1546 oleh seorang pakar <a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minerologi" class="extiw" title="ms:Minerologi">mineralogi</a> berbangsa <a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerman" class="extiw" title="ms:Jerman">Jerman</a> bernama <a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Bauer" class="extiw" title="ms:Georg Bauer">Georg Bauer</a>, juga dikenali sebagai Georgius Agricola. (→<a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" class="extiw" title="ms:Petroleum">Petroleum</a>)</div> <div class="description nah" dir="ltr" lang="nah"><span class="language nah" title="Nahuatl"><b>Nāhuatl: </b></span> <b>Chapopohtli</b> (Caxtillāntlahtōlli: <i>petróleo</i> ahnozo <i>chapopote</i>). (→<a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapopohtli" class="extiw" title="nah:Chapopohtli">Chapopohtli</a>)</div> <div class="description nl" dir="ltr" lang="nl"><span class="language nl" title="Dutch"><b>Nederlands: </b></span> <b>Aardolie</b> of <b>ruwe olie</b> is een vloeistof bestaande uit ketens van <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/koolwaterstof" class="extiw" title="nl:koolwaterstof">koolwaterstoffen</a>. Deze zijn ontstaan uit <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/sediment" class="extiw" title="nl:sediment">sedimenten</a> rijk aan <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organische_stof" class="extiw" title="nl:Organische stof">organisch materiaal</a> die in het <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/geologisch_tijdvak" class="extiw" title="nl:geologisch tijdvak">geologisch verleden</a> zijn gevormd en daarna onder invloed van de afzetting van nieuwe sedimentpakketten op dit "brongesteente" zijn "gekookt". Door de druk en warmte die hoger zijn dieper in de aarde, ontstaan uit de organisch-rijke bronlagen belletjes olie. Deze olie is lichter dan <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/grondwater" class="extiw" title="nl:grondwater">grondwater</a> en wil daarom omhoog. Het zoekt zo een weg naar een <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/reservoir_(geologie)" class="extiw" title="nl:reservoir (geologie)">reservoirgesteente</a> waar het zich ophoopt en aangeboord kan worden. Aardolie vertegenwoordigt de zwaardere <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/fractie_(bestanddeel)" class="extiw" title="nl:fractie (bestanddeel)">fractie</a> organische producten van het proces dat vaak ook <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/aardgas" class="extiw" title="nl:aardgas">aardgas</a> produceert. Waar aardolie wordt gevonden, bevindt zich vaak ook een aardgasbel. Deze is ontstaan doordat uit de organische sedimenten ook gas (<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/methaan" class="extiw" title="nl:methaan">methaan</a>, <a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/stikstof_(element)" class="extiw" title="nl:stikstof (element)">stikstof</a>) is vrijgekomen en doordat de olie gecompacteerd wordt in het reservoir en een verzadigingspunt bereikt waar het in gas overgaat. (→<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardolie" class="extiw" title="nl:Aardolie">Aardolie</a>)</div> <div class="description nn" dir="ltr" lang="nn"><span class="language nn" title="Norwegian Nynorsk"><b>Norsk nynorsk: </b></span> (→<a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" class="extiw" title="nn:Petroleum">Petroleum</a>)</div> <div class="description nb" dir="ltr" lang="nb"><span class="language nb" title="Norwegian Bokmål"><b>Norsk bokmål: </b></span> <b>Petroleum</b> (fra <a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinsk_spr%C3%A5k" class="extiw" title="no:Latinsk språk">lat</a>. <i>petra</i>, stein, berg, og <i>oleum</i>, olje), er en samlebetegnelse som brukes om <a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/r%C3%A5olje" class="extiw" title="no:råolje">råolje</a> ofte med <a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/naturgass" class="extiw" title="no:naturgass">naturgass</a> eller også om <i>mineralolje</i>. Bransjens kjælenavn er slike som: <i>«sort gull»</i> og <i>«sticky jackpot»</i>. Den er en tykk, mørk brun eller grønn brennbar væske eller gass som består av en kompleks blanding av forskjellige <a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/hydrokarbon" class="extiw" title="no:hydrokarbon">hydrokarboner</a>, for det meste av <a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/metan" class="extiw" title="no:metan">metan</a>, og kan variere mye i utseende, sammensetning og renhet. (→<a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" class="extiw" title="no:Petroleum">Petroleum</a>)</div> <div class="description oc" dir="ltr" lang="oc"><span class="language oc" title="Occitan"><b>Occitan : </b></span> Lo <b>petròli</b> es una mescla complèxa non omogenèa d' <a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/idrocarbur" class="extiw" title="oc:idrocarbur">idrocarburs</a>, còs compausats formats per <a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/idrog%C3%A8n" class="extiw" title="oc:idrogèn">idrogèn</a> e <a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/carb%C3%B2ni" class="extiw" title="oc:carbòni">carbòni</a>. Lo petròli pòt prendre diferents aspèctes, de jaunàs e liquid a negre e viscós. Aquestas diferéncias son degudas a las relacions entre los tipes d'idrocarburs. Es una <a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/ressorsa_naturala" class="extiw" title="oc:ressorsa naturala">ressorsa naturala</a> non renovelabla, e actualament tanben la principala font d'<a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/energia" class="extiw" title="oc:energia">energia</a> dels païses desvolopats. (→<a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B2li" class="extiw" title="oc:Petròli">Petròli</a>)</div> <div class="description pl" dir="ltr" lang="pl"><span class="language pl" title="Polish"><b>Polski: </b></span> <b>Ropa naftowa</b> (olej skalny, czarne złoto) – ciekła <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/kopalina" class="extiw" title="pl:kopalina">kopalina</a>, złożona z mieszaniny naturalnych <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C4%99glowodory" class="extiw" title="pl:Węglowodory">węglowodorów</a> gazowych, ciekłych i stałych (<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/bitumy" class="extiw" title="pl:bitumy">bituminów</a>), z niewielkimi domieszkami azotu, tlenu, siarki i zanieczyszczeń. Ma podstawowe znaczenie dla <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/gospodarka_%C5%9Bwiatowa" class="extiw" title="pl:gospodarka światowa">gospodarki światowej</a> jako surowiec przemysłu chemicznego, a przede wszystkim jako jeden z najważniejszych <a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surowiec" class="extiw" title="pl:Surowiec">surowców energetycznych</a>. (→<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa_naftowa" class="extiw" title="pl:Ropa naftowa">Ropa naftowa</a>)</div> <div class="description pt" dir="ltr" lang="pt"><span class="language pt" title="Portuguese"><b>Português: </b></span> <b>Petróleo</b> (do <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_latina" class="extiw" title="pt:Língua latina">latim</a> <i>petroleum,</i> <i>petrus</i> = pedra e <i>oleum</i> = óleo, do <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/l%C3%ADngua_grega" class="extiw" title="pt:língua grega">grego</a> πετρέλαιον [<i>petrélaion</i>], "óleo da pedra", do <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/grego_antigo" class="extiw" title="pt:grego antigo">grego antigo</a> πέτρα [<i>petra</i>], pedra + έλαιον [<i>elaion</i>] óleo de <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/oliva" class="extiw" title="pt:oliva">oliva</a>, qualquer substância oleosa, no sentido de <i>óleo bruto</i>), é uma substância oleosa, <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/inflam%C3%A1vel" class="extiw" title="pt:inflamável">inflamável</a>, geralmente menos <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/densidade" class="extiw" title="pt:densidade">densa</a> que a <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%A1gua" class="extiw" title="pt:água">água</a>, com cheiro característico e coloração que pode variar desde o incolor ou castanho claro até o preto, passando por verde e marrom (castanho). (→<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B3leo" class="extiw" title="pt:Petróleo">Petróleo</a>)</div> <div class="description qu" dir="ltr" lang="qu"><span class="language qu" title="Quechua"><b>Runa Simi: </b></span> <b>Allpa wira</b>, <b>Rumi wira</b> icha <b>Pitrulyu</b> (Kastilla simi: petróleo) huk allpa ukhunpi tiyaq, <a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/yana" class="extiw" title="qu:yana">yana</a>, <a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/rawray" class="extiw" title="qu:rawray">rawraypaq</a>, <a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/puriqlla" class="extiw" title="qu:puriqlla">puriqlla</a> (likidu) kaq <a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/k%27illimsa_yakuchaq" class="extiw" title="qu:k'illimsa yakuchaq">k'illimsa yakuchaqkuna</a> chaqrusqam, <a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/rumiyasqa_rawrana" class="extiw" title="qu:rumiyasqa rawrana">rumiyasqa rawrana</a> nisqa. (→<a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allpa_wira" class="extiw" title="qu:Allpa wira">Allpa wira</a>)</div> <div class="description ro" dir="ltr" lang="ro"><span class="language ro" title="Romanian"><b>Română: </b></span> <b>Petrolul</b>, sau <b>ţiţeiul</b>, împreună cu <i> <a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/c%C4%83rbune" class="extiw" title="ro:cărbune">cărbunii</a></i> şi<i> <a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/gaz_natural" class="extiw" title="ro:gaz natural">gazele naturale</a></i> fac parte din zăcămintele de origine <a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/biogen%C4%83" class="extiw" title="ro:biogenă">biogenă</a> care se găsesc în scoarţa pământului. <i>Petrolul</i>, care este un amestec de hidrocarburi solide şi gazoase dizolvate într-un amestec de hidrocarburi lichide, este un amestec de substanţe <i>lipofile</i>. Ţiţeiul în stare brută (nerafinat) conţine peste 17 000 de substanţe organice complexe, motiv pentru care este materia primă cea mai importantă pentru <a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/industria_chimic%C4%83" class="extiw" title="ro:industria chimică">industria chimică</a> (vopsele, medicamente, materiale plastice, etc.) şi producerea <i>carburanţilor</i>. Ca o curiozitate, se poate menţiona că unele varietăţi de ţiţei devin fosforescente în prezenţa luminii ultraviolete. (→<a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrol" class="extiw" title="ro:Petrol">Petrol</a>)</div> <div class="description ru" dir="ltr" lang="ru"><span class="language ru" title="Russian"><b>Русский: </b></span> <b>Нефть</b> ( — вспыхивать, воспламеняться) — горючая маслянистая <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:жидкость">жидкость</a>, являющаяся смесью <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" class="extiw" title="ru:углеводород">углеводород</a>ов, красно-коричневого, иногда почти чёрного цвета, хотя иногда встречается и слабо окрашенная в жёлто-зелёный цвет и даже бесцветная нефть, имеет специфический запах, распространена в осадочной оболочке <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="ru:Земля">Земли</a>; на сегодня — одно из важнейших для <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/homo_sapiens" class="extiw" title="ru:homo sapiens">человечества</a> <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="ru:полезные ископаемые">полезных ископаемых</a>. (→<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:Нефть">Нефть</a>)</div> <div class="description scn" dir="ltr" lang="scn"><span class="language scn" title="Sicilian"><b>Sicilianu: </b></span> Lu <b>pitròliu</b> è nu lìquitu nfiammàbbili, densu e di culuri marruni scuru o verdògnulu, chi s'attrova nti certi punti dî strati supiriouri dâ crosta tirrestri. Si cumponi di na mistura di indrucarburi vari, 'n privalenza <a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/alcani" class="extiw" title="scn:alcani">alcani</a>, ma cu variazzioni nti l'aspettu, dâ cumpusizzioni e ntî pruprietà. (→<a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitr%C3%B2liu" class="extiw" title="scn:Pitròliu">Pitròliu</a>)</div> <div class="description sh" dir="ltr" lang="sh"><span class="language sh" title="Serbo-Croatian"><b>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: </b></span> <b>Nafta</b>, kao vrsta <a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/fosilna_goriva" class="extiw" title="sh:fosilna goriva">fosilnog goriva</a>, je tamna i viskozna tekućina koja se obično pronalazi ispod površine Zemlje ili morskog dna. To je vrlo složena smjesa različitih spojeva, pretežito <a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugljikovodici" class="extiw" title="sh:Ugljikovodici">ugljikovodika</a> <a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkani" class="extiw" title="sh:alkani">alkanskog</a>, <a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/cikloalkani" class="extiw" title="sh:cikloalkani">cikloalkanskog</a> i <a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/aromati" class="extiw" title="sh:aromati">aromatskog</a> reda čiji se sastav mijenja od nalazišta do nalazišta. (→<a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" class="extiw" title="sh:Nafta">Nafta</a>)</div> <div class="description simple" dir="ltr" lang="simple"><span class="language simple" title="Simple English"><b>Simple English: </b></span> <b>Petroleum</b>, also called <b>crude oil</b>, is a thick and <a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/black" class="extiw" title="simple:black">black</a> <a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/liquid" class="extiw" title="simple:liquid">liquid</a>. It consists mainly of <a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/hydrocarbon" class="extiw" title="simple:hydrocarbon">hydrocarbons</a>. It is mainly found in the <a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East" class="extiw" title="simple:Middle East">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" class="extiw" title="simple:North America">North America</a>, and <a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" class="extiw" title="simple:Russia">Russia</a>. It is the most important world <a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/energy" class="extiw" title="simple:energy">energy</a> source. It supplies 38% of the world's energy at present. (→<a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" class="extiw" title="simple:Petroleum">Petroleum</a>)</div> <div class="description sk" dir="ltr" lang="sk"><span class="language sk" title="Slovak"><b>Slovenčina: </b></span> <b>Ropa</b> je horľavá <a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/kvapalina" class="extiw" title="sk:kvapalina">kvapalina</a> tvorená zmesou <a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/uh%C4%BEovod%C3%ADk" class="extiw" title="sk:uhľovodík">uhľovodíkov</a>, najmä <a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/alk%C3%A1n" class="extiw" title="sk:alkán">alkánov</a>, <a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/naft%C3%A9n" class="extiw" title="sk:naftén">nafténov</a> a menej aj <a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/ar%C3%A9n" class="extiw" title="sk:arén">arénov</a> a polárnych zlúčenín (<a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BEivica" class="extiw" title="sk:živica">živice</a>, <a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/asfalt%C3%A9n" class="extiw" title="sk:asfaltén">asfaltény</a> a iné). Najmä anglická literatúra dodáva, že ropa môže byť okrem kvapalného skupenstva aj plynná alebo tuhá ale bežne sa takto označuje iba kvapalná ropa. (→<a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa" class="extiw" title="sk:Ropa">Ropa</a>)</div> <div class="description sl" dir="ltr" lang="sl"><span class="language sl" title="Slovenian"><b>Slovenščina: </b></span> <b>Nafta</b> je gosta, <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/rjava" class="extiw" title="sl:rjava">temnorjava</a> ali <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/zelena" class="extiw" title="sl:zelena">zelenkasta</a> <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/vnetljivost" class="extiw" title="sl:vnetljivost">vnetljiva</a> <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/teko%C4%8Dina" class="extiw" title="sl:tekočina">tekočina</a>, ki se nahaja v zgornjih plasteh nekaterih delov <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemlja" class="extiw" title="sl:Zemlja">Zemljine</a> skorje. Danes je to zelo pomemben <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/energetski_vir" class="extiw" title="sl:energetski vir">energetski</a> in <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/surovinski_vir" class="extiw" title="sl:surovinski vir">surovinski</a> <a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/vir" class="extiw" title="sl:vir">vir</a>. (→<a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" class="extiw" title="sl:Nafta">Nafta</a>)</div> <div class="description sq" dir="ltr" lang="sq"><span class="language sq" title="Albanian"><b>Shqip: </b></span> Për naftën në vendin tonë është folur që nga historianët e lashtë, ata i kanë trajtuar produktet e naftës si zjarre shekullore që janë shfaqur në <a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollonia" class="extiw" title="sq:Apollonia">Apolloninë</a> e <a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fieri" class="extiw" title="sq:Fieri">Fierit</a>. Por në fakt ato nuk kanë qenë në Apolloni, por është folur për të, sepse në kohën e lashtë Apollonia njihej, në të vërtetë bëhet fjalë për zjarre shekullore të shfaqur diku në <a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallakastra" class="extiw" title="sq:Mallakastra">Mallakastër</a>, aty ku edhe më vonë është zbuluar edhe vendburimi i <a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cakrani" class="extiw" title="sq:Cakrani">Cakranit</a> dhe ai i bitumit të <a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenica" class="extiw" title="sq:Selenica">Selenicës</a>, pra diku midis Mallakastrës dhe Selenicës. Kur thuhet zjarre shekullore, duhet nënkuptuar shpërthime të fuqishme zjarri në hapësirë, që në atë kohë interpretoheshin si dukuri nga perëndia. Që atëherë njihen shfaqjet e naftës në vendin tonë, por puna shkencore filloi nga disa shkencëtarë të njohur të cilët evidentuan disa shfaqje të naftës dhe të rërave bituminoze në vendin tonë. (→<a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" class="extiw" title="sq:Nafta">Nafta</a>)</div> <div class="description sr" dir="ltr" lang="sr"><span class="language sr" title="Serbian"><b>Српски / srpski: </b></span> <a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0:Gulf_Offshore_Platform.jpg" class="extiw" title="sr:Слика:Gulf Offshore Platform.jpg">230п|мини|Нафтна платформа</a> (→<a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="sr:Нафта">Нафта</a>)</div> <div class="description su" dir="ltr" lang="su"><span class="language su" title="Sundanese"><b>Sunda: </b></span> <b>Minyak bumi</b> atawa <b>pétroleum</b> (tina <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/basa_Yunani" class="extiw" title="su:basa Yunani">basa Yunani</a> <i>petra</i> – <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/batu" class="extiw" title="su:batu">batu</a> jeung <i>elaion</i> atawa <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/basa_Latin" class="extiw" title="su:basa Latin">basa Latin</a> <i>oleum</i> – <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/minyak" class="extiw" title="su:minyak">minyak</a>), <b>minyak atah</b> (<i><b>crude oil</b></i>), ogé katelah <i>emas hideung</i>, hartina <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/cairan" class="extiw" title="su:cairan">cairan</a> kentel, warnana kopi atawa semu héjo, nu mangrupakeun campuran rupa-rupa <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrokarbon" class="extiw" title="su:hidrokarbon">hidrokarbon</a>, utamana golongan <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkana" class="extiw" title="su:alkana">alkana</a>, sarta kandungan lianna nu aya di lapisan luhur dina jero <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/kulit_bumi" class="extiw" title="su:kulit bumi">kulit</a> <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumi" class="extiw" title="su:Bumi">Bumi</a>. Minyak bumi utamana dipaké pikeun <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/bahan_bakar" class="extiw" title="su:bahan bakar">bahan bakar</a> nu penting pisan salaku sumber <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%A9nergi" class="extiw" title="su:énergi">énergi</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iea.org/bookshop/add.aspx?id=144">IEA Key World Energy Statistics</a>). Minyak bumi ogé mangrupakeun bahan baku pikeun rupa-rupa produk <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/bahan_kimia" class="extiw" title="su:bahan kimia">bahan kimia</a>, di antarana <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/pangleyur" class="extiw" title="su:pangleyur">pangleyur</a>, <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/pupuk" class="extiw" title="su:pupuk">pupuk</a>, <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/p%C3%A9stisida" class="extiw" title="su:péstisida">péstisida</a>, jeung <a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/plastik" class="extiw" title="su:plastik">plastik</a>. (→<a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyak_bumi" class="extiw" title="su:Minyak bumi">Minyak bumi</a>)</div> <div class="description sv" dir="ltr" lang="sv"><span class="language sv" title="Swedish"><b>Svenska: </b></span> (→<a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" class="extiw" title="sv:Petroleum">Petroleum</a>)</div> <div class="description sw" dir="ltr" lang="sw"><span class="language sw" title="Swahili"><b>Kiswahili: </b></span> <b>Mafuta ya petroli</b> <i>(pia <b>petroliamu</b> kutoka Kigiriki petros = mwamba na Kilatini oleom = mafuta)</i> ni kiowevu kinene chenye rangi cheusi hadi kijani. Inatokea kiasili katika ardhi na inawaka rahisi. Ni chanzo cha <a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/petroli" class="extiw" title="sw:petroli">petroli</a>, <a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/fueli" class="extiw" title="sw:fueli">fueli</a> mbalimbali, madawa mengi na <a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/plastiki" class="extiw" title="sw:plastiki">plastiki</a>. Ni kati ya vyanzo muhimu kabisa vya nishati vinavyoshughulikiwa na binadamu kama fueli ya usafiri na ya kutengeneza umeme. (→<a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafuta_ya_petroli" class="extiw" title="sw:Mafuta ya petroli">Mafuta ya petroli</a>)</div> <div class="description ta" dir="ltr" lang="ta"><span class="language ta" title="Tamil"><b>தமிழ்: </b></span> <b>பெட்ரோலியம்</b> என்பது <a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF" class="extiw" title="ta:புவி">புவி</a>யில் சில பகுதிகளில் நிலத்தடியில் இயற்கையாகக் காணப்படும் ஒரு வகை எண்ணெய். இவ் எண்ணெய் <a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" class="extiw" title="ta:நீர்மம்">நீர்ம</a> நிலையில் உள்ள பல <a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" class="extiw" title="ta:ஹைடிரோகார்பன்">ஐதரோகார்பன்</a>களின் கலவை ஆகும். இந்த ஐதரோகார்பன் மூலக்கூறுகள் வெவ்வேறு நீளங்கள் கொண்டவையாக உள்ளன. இவற்றில் பெரும்பாலானவை, <a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" class="extiw" title="ta:ஆல்க்கேன்">ஆல்க்கேன்</a>கள் ஆகும். இவற்றின் நீளம் C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub> இல் இருந்து C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>38</sub> வரை பொதுவாகக் காணப்படுகிறது. இதனினும் குறைந்த நீளமுடையவை <a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF" class="extiw" title="ta:எரிவளி">எரிவளி</a> அல்லது எரிவளி நீர்மமாக் கருதப்படுகின்றன. நீளமான ஐதரோகார்பன் தொடர்கள், <a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" class="extiw" title="ta:திண்மம்">திண்ம</a> நிலையில் உள்ளன. மிக நீளமான ஐதரோகார்பன்கள் <a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" class="extiw" title="ta:நிலக்கரி">நிலக்கரி</a> ஆகும். (→<a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" class="extiw" title="ta:பெட்ரோலியம்">பெட்ரோலியம்</a>)</div> <div class="description th" dir="ltr" lang="th"><span class="language th" title="Thai"><b>ไทย: </b></span> <b>ปิโตรเลียม</b> (petroleum จาก <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81" class="extiw" title="th:ภาษากรีก">ภาษากรีก</a> petra – <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="th:หิน">หิน</a> และ elaion – <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="th:น้ำมัน">น้ำมัน</a> หรือ<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="th:ภาษาละติน">ภาษาละติน</a> oleum – <a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" class="extiw" title="th:น้ำมัน">น้ำมัน</a> ) รวมความแล้วหมายถึง <b>น้ำมันที่ได้จากหิน</b> หรือที่เราเรียกกันว่า <b>น้ำมันดิบ</b> บางครั้งเรียกอย่างไม่เป็นทางการว่า "ทองคำสีดำ" หรือ "น้ำชาเท็กซัส" คือเป็นของเหลวที่ขุ่นข้นมีสีน้ำตาลเข้มหรือสีเขียวเข้ม (→<a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" class="extiw" title="th:ปิโตรเลียม">ปิโตรเลียม</a>)</div> <div class="description tr" dir="ltr" lang="tr"><span class="language tr" title="Turkish"><b>Türkçe: </b></span> <b>Yer yağı</b> ,<b>Neft</b> ya da <b>petrol</b>, <a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrokarbonlar" class="extiw" title="tr:hidrokarbonlar">hidrokarbonlar</a> oluşmuş, sudan yoğun kıvamda, koyu renkli, arıtılmamış, kendisine özgü kokusu olan, yeraltından çıkarılmış doğal yanıcı mineral yağı. <a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latince" class="extiw" title="tr:Latince">Latince</a>’de <a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ta%C5%9F" class="extiw" title="tr:taş">taş</a> anlamına gelen "petra" ile yağ anlamına gelen "oleum" sözcüklerinden oluşmuştur (<i>Petra oleum</i>= Petrol). (→<a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrol" class="extiw" title="tr:Petrol">Petrol</a>)</div> <div class="description tt" dir="ltr" lang="tt"><span class="language tt" title="Tatar"><b>Татарча / tatarça: </b></span> <b>Не́фть</b> ( — <i>кабынып китергә</i>, <i>дөрләп яна башларга</i>) — сыеклы майлы ягулык, <a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" class="extiw" title="tt:углеводород">углеводород</a> кушылмасы, коңгырт-кызыл, кара, сары-яшел төсләрендә очрый, төссез дә була, специфик исле, <a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%96%D0%B8%D1%80_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" class="extiw" title="tt:Җир шары">Җир шары</a> юшкын сүрүендә таралган; мөһим <a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" class="extiw" title="tt:Файдалы казылмалар">файдалы казылмаларның</a> берсе. (→<a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="tt:Нефть">Нефть</a>)</div> <div class="description ug" dir="rtl" lang="ug"><span class="language ug" title="Uyghur"><b>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche: </b></span> <a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/af:Ru-olie" class="extiw" title="ug:af:Ru-olie">af:Ru-olie</a> (→<a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%90%D9%81%D9%89%D8%AA" class="extiw" title="ug:نېفىت">نېفىت</a>)</div> <div class="description uk" dir="ltr" lang="uk"><span class="language uk" title="Ukrainian"><b>Українська: </b></span> <b>На́фта</b> (від ) — горюча <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="uk:корисна копалина">корисна копалина</a>, складна <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%88" class="extiw" title="uk:суміш">суміш</a> <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96" class="extiw" title="uk:вуглеводні">вуглеводні</a>в різних класів з невеликою кількістю органічних кисневих, сірчистих і азотних сполук, що являє собою густу маслянисту <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="uk:рідина">рідину</a>, від темно-бурого до чорного кольору. Нафта має характерний запах, легша за воду, у воді нерозчинна. (→<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="uk:Нафта">Нафта</a>)</div> <div class="description ur" dir="rtl" lang="ur"><span class="language ur" title="Urdu"><b>اردو: </b></span> نفط (petroleum) جس کے لیۓ اردو میں بکثرت (بطور خاص <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" class="extiw" title="ur:سیاسی">سیاسی</a> خبروں میں) صرف <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%84" class="extiw" title="ur:تیل">تیل</a> یا خام تیل کا لفظ بھی استعمال ہوتا ہے ایک <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C" class="extiw" title="ur:قدرتی">قدرتی</a> <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%81" class="extiw" title="ur:مادہ">مادہ</a> ہے جو کہ <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1" class="extiw" title="ur:آتشگیر">آتشگیر</a> ہوتا <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9" class="extiw" title="ur:مائع">مائع</a> کی صورت میں <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ur:زیرزمین">زیرزمین</a> <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ur:چٹان">چٹانوں</a> سے برآمد ہوتا ہے۔ <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" class="extiw" title="ur:کیمیائی">کیمیائی</a> ساخت میں نفط ایک قسم کا <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%81" class="extiw" title="ur:آمیزہ">آمیزہ</a> ہے جس میں متعدد الاقسام <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ur:آبیکاربن">آبیکاربنات (hydrocarbons)</a> اور دیگر <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C" class="extiw" title="ur:نامیاتی">نامیاتی</a> <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A8" class="extiw" title="ur:مرکب">مرکبات</a> پائے جاتے ہیں۔ نفط کا استعمال اور تاریخ گو <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%DB%81" class="extiw" title="ur:محرکیہ">محرکیہ</a> کی ایجاد سے نمایاں ہوکر سامنے آتی ہے لیکن فی الحقیقت اس کا استعمال اور تاریخ بہت قدیم ہے؛ انگریزی میں لفظ petroleum کو سب سے پہلے <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1546%D8%A1" class="extiw" title="ur:1546ء">1546ء</a> میں ایک <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86" class="extiw" title="ur:جرمن">جرمن</a> <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="extiw" title="ur:معدنیات">معدنیات</a> داں <a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Agricola" class="extiw" title="ur:Georg Agricola">Georg Agricola</a> نے استعمال کیا تھا۔ (→<a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7" class="extiw" title="ur:نفط">نفط</a>)</div> <div class="description uz" dir="ltr" lang="uz"><span class="language uz" title="Uzbek"><b>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: </b></span> <b>Neft</b> - yonuvchan <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/moy" class="extiw" title="uz:moy">moy</a>; tarkibida <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/uglevodorod" class="extiw" title="uz:uglevodorod">uglevodorod</a> bo'lgan qizil-jigarrang, ba'zan qora <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/rang" class="extiw" title="uz:rang">rangli</a>, o'ziga xos hidli <a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yer" class="extiw" title="uz:Yer">Yer</a> qobig'ida mavjud bo'lgan foydali qazilma boylik. (→<a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neft" class="extiw" title="uz:Neft">Neft</a>)</div> <div class="description vec" dir="ltr" lang="vec"><span class="language vec" title="Venetian"><b>Vèneto: </b></span> El <b>petrolio</b> (dal <a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/lengua_greca" class="extiw" title="vec:lengua greca">greco</a> <i>πέτρα</i> = piera e <i>έλαιο</i> = ojo), anca dito <b>oro nero</b>, el xe un <a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/liquido" class="extiw" title="vec:liquido">liquido</a> <a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infiamabilit%C3%A0" class="extiw" title="vec:Infiamabilità">infiamàbile</a>, denso, de un color che pol ndar dal nero al maron scuro, passando dal verdognolo fin al zalo, che se cata in alcuni <a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/giacimento" class="extiw" title="vec:giacimento">giacimenti</a> drento i strati superiori de la <a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/crosta_terestre" class="extiw" title="vec:crosta terestre">crosta terestre</a>. El xe fato da na <a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/miscela_(chimica)" class="extiw" title="vec:miscela (chimica)">miscela</a> de vari <a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/idrocarburo" class="extiw" title="vec:idrocarburo">idrocarburi</a> (in prevalensa <a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/alcani" class="extiw" title="vec:alcani">alcani</a>, ma con variassion ne l'aspeto, ne la conposission e ne le proprietà fisico-chimiche). (→<a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" class="extiw" title="vec:Petrolio">Petrolio</a>)</div> <div class="description vi" dir="ltr" lang="vi"><span class="language vi" title="Vietnamese"><b>Tiếng Việt: </b></span> <b>Dầu mỏ</b> hay <b>dầu thô</b> là một chất lỏng sánh đặc màu nâu hoặc ngả lục. Dầu thô tồn tại trong các lớp đất đá tại một số nơi trong vỏ <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A1i_%C4%90%E1%BA%A5t" class="extiw" title="vi:Trái Đất">Trái Đất</a>. Dầu mỏ là một hỗn hợp hóa chất hữu cơ ở thể lỏng đậm đặc, phần lớn là những hợp chất của <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/hydrocarbon" class="extiw" title="vi:hydrocarbon">hydrocarbon</a>, thuộc gốc <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkane" class="extiw" title="vi:alkane">alkane</a>, thành phần rất đa dạng. Hiện nay dầu mỏ chủ yếu dùng để sản xuất dầu hỏa, diezen và xăng nhiên liệu. Ngoài ra, dầu thô cũng là nguồn nguyên liệu chủ yếu để sản xuất ra các sản phẩm của ngành <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/h%C3%B3a_d%E1%BA%A7u" class="extiw" title="vi:hóa dầu">hóa dầu</a> như <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/dung_m%C3%B4i" class="extiw" title="vi:dung môi">dung môi</a>, <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/ph%C3%A2n_b%C3%B3n_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" class="extiw" title="vi:phân bón hóa học">phân bón hóa học</a>, <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/nh%E1%BB%B1a" class="extiw" title="vi:nhựa">nhựa</a>, <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/thu%E1%BB%91c_tr%E1%BB%AB_s%C3%A2u" class="extiw" title="vi:thuốc trừ sâu">thuốc trừ sâu</a>, <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/nh%E1%BB%B1a_%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng" class="extiw" title="vi:nhựa đường">nhựa đường</a>... Khoảng 88% dầu thô dùng để sản xuất <a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/nhi%C3%AAn_li%E1%BB%87u" class="extiw" title="vi:nhiên liệu">nhiên liệu</a>, 12% còn lại dùng cho hóa dầu. Do dầu thô là nguồn năng lượng không tái tạo nên nhiều người lo ngại về khả năng cạn kiệt dầu trong một tương lai không xa. (→<a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BA%A7u_m%E1%BB%8F" class="extiw" title="vi:Dầu mỏ">Dầu mỏ</a>)</div> <div class="description wa" dir="ltr" lang="wa"><span class="language wa" title="Walloon"><b>Walon : </b></span> Li petrole, c' est on likide k' i gn a dins tere, k' on poujhe, et rapurer po fé d' l' <a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/essince" class="extiw" title="wa:essince">essince</a> et do <a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/mazoute" class="extiw" title="wa:mazoute">mazoute</a>. (→<a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrole" class="extiw" title="wa:Petrole">Petrole</a>)</div> <div class="description yi" dir="rtl" lang="yi"><span class="language yi" title="Yiddish"><b>ייִדיש: </b></span> (→<a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98" class="extiw" title="yi:נאפט">נאפט</a>)</div> <div class="description zh" dir="ltr" lang="zh"><span class="language zh" title="Chinese"><b>中文：</b></span><b>石油</b>，也称<b>原油</b>，是一种粘稠的、深褐色（有时有点绿色的）液体。 <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%A3%B3" class="extiw" title="zh:地壳">地壳</a>上层部分地区有石油储存。它由不同的<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%83" class="extiw" title="zh:烃">碳氢化合物</a>混合组成，其主要组成成分是<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%B7%E7%83%83" class="extiw" title="zh:烷烃">烷烃</a>，此外石油中还含<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" class="extiw" title="zh:硫">硫</a>、<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" class="extiw" title="zh:氧">氧</a>、<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" class="extiw" title="zh:氮">氮</a>、<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" class="extiw" title="zh:磷">磷</a>、<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%92" class="extiw" title="zh:钒">钒</a>等元素。不过不同的油田的石油的成分和外貌可以区分很大。石油主要被用来作为<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%87%83%E6%B2%B9" class="extiw" title="zh:燃油">燃油</a>和<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E6%B2%B9" class="extiw" title="zh:汽油">汽油</a>，燃料油和汽油组成目前世界上最重要的<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" class="extiw" title="zh:一次能源">一次能源</a>之一。石油也是许多<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="extiw" title="zh:化学工业">化学工业</a>产品如<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E6%B6%B2" class="extiw" title="zh:溶液">溶液</a>、<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%A5%E6%96%99" class="extiw" title="zh:肥料">化肥</a>、<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%80%E8%99%AB%E5%89%82" class="extiw" title="zh:杀虫剂">杀虫剂</a>和<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E6%96%99" class="extiw" title="zh:塑料">塑料</a>等的原料。今天88%开采的石油被用作燃料，其它的12%作为化工业的原料。由于石油是一种不可再生原料，许多人担心石油用尽会对人类带来严重的后果。石油因其價值高昂，又被稱為<b>黑<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91" class="extiw" title="zh:金">金</a></b>。 (→<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" class="extiw" title="zh:石油">石油</a>)</div> <div lang="zh-min-nan" dir="ltr" class="description zh-min-nan" style="display:inline;"><div class="description zh-min-nan" dir="ltr" lang="zh-min-nan"><span class="language zh-min-nan" title="Minnan"><b>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú：</b></span><b>Chio̍h-iû</b> sī <a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%93-ki%C3%BB" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:Tē-kiû">Tē-kiû</a> tē-hā ū tè chhoē--ê chi̍t-khoán thian-jiân ê <a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/i%C3%BA-ki" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:iú-ki">iú-ki</a> <a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/e%CC%8Dk-th%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:e̍k-thé">e̍k-thé</a> (liquid), sêng-hun chú-iàu sī thàu-lâm chò-hoé ê <a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/ch%C3%BAi-tho%C3%A0%E2%81%BF" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:chúi-thoàⁿ">chúi-thoàⁿ</a> (hydrocarbon) <a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/hun-ch%C3%BA" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:hun-chú">hun-chú</a>, te̍k-pia̍t sī <a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/alkane" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:alkane">alkane</a>. Chúi-thoàⁿ hun-chú ê tn̂g-tō͘ iok-lio̍k tī C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub> kàu C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>38</sub> ê hoān-ûi lāi. Khah té ê chúi-thoàⁿ hō͘ lâng hun-lūi chò <a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/thian-ji%C3%A2n-kh%C3%AC" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:thian-jiân-khì">thian-jiân-khì</a> (natural gas) ia̍h thiân-jiân khì-e̍k-thé (natural gas liquid); khah tn̂g--ê khah sêng kò͘-thé (solid), siōng tn̂g--ê sī <a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/th%C3%B4%CD%98-tho%C3%A0%E2%81%BF" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:thô͘-thoàⁿ">thô͘-thoàⁿ</a>. (→<a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chio%CC%8Dh-i%C3%BB" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:Chio̍h-iû">Chio̍h-iû</a>)</div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r905765184">.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox[dir="ltr"]{float:right;clear:right;margin-right:0;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox[dir="rtl"]{float:left;clear:left;margin-left:0;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox{width:258px;box-sizing:border-box;font-size:95%;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox .image img{max-width:250px;max-height:250px;width:auto}.mw-parser-output #wdinfoboxcaption{background:#FFF}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox[dir="ltr"] #wdinfoboxcaption{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox[dir="rtl"] #wdinfoboxcaption{margin-right:0}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox th,.mw-parser-output #wdinfo_taxon th{vertical-align:top;word-wrap:break-word;hyphens:auto}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox td,.mw-parser-output #wdinfo_taxon 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.taxontree-row{}@media screen and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .wdinfo_nomobile{display:none;visibility:hidden;height:0}}.mw-parser-output .wdinfobox_horizontal{clear:both!important;display:block;box-sizing:border-box!important;width:100%!important;column-width:24em}.mw-parser-output .wdinfobox_hide{display:none}.mw-parser-output #wdcreator{display:none}.mw-parser-output .wdcreator_show{display:block!important}.mw-parser-output #wdinfo_taxon ul{list-style:none;list-style-position:inside}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox[dir="ltr"] #wdinfo_taxon ul{padding-left:0;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output #wdinfobox[dir="rtl"] #wdinfo_taxon ul{padding-right:0;margin-right:0}.mw-parser-output .wikidatainfoboxVN ul li{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .wikidatainfoboxVN ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .wikidatainfoboxVN{padding:0;margin:0}</style><div style="display:none"><nowiki>petróleo; hráolía; petroleum; oyili; پٹرولیئم; نفط; ropa; нафта; 石油; kaam; neft; мұнай; нафта; nafta; पेट्रोलियम; petroliu; pétrole; nafta; petrolio; खनिज तेल; napta; нафта; amafuthetshe; Äerdueleg; petroleum; minyak bumi; 石油; نفط; petrol; ရေနံ; 石油; мунай; petüroolia; petroleu; petroli; нефть; petroliwm; nafta; нафта; 石油; råolie; ნავთობი; 石油; petroleo; fetur; بترول; ඛනිජ තෙල්; Petroleum; भूतैल; 石油; maaöljy; petrole; Aerdaolje; பாறை எண்ணெய்; нафта; нефть; pitròliu; Erdeel; น้ำมันดิบปิโตรเลียม; nafta; ропа; petrolio; chapopohtli; petrolyo; menoyl; нефт; petrol; 石油; solitany; petroleum; petròli; 石油; petrolo; نېفىت; olja; nafto; petroli; petrolio; খনিজ তেল; lenga patra; нефть; נאפט; zemski wolij; dầu mỏ; nafta; ru-olie; chidí bikʼah; petroleum; газрын тос; chio̍h-iû; ܢܦܛܐ; minyak bumi; sa̍k-yù; нарт; pitɔlɔ́; 石油; ropa naftowa; Itakyra; нафт; نفت خام; petroli; kőolaj; ፔትሮሊየም; petrol; petrolio; neft; aardolie; нефть; allpa wira; Erdöl; نفت; нафта; پيترول; aerdöäly; neft; खनिज तेल; minyak bumi; petroleum; peitriliam; petrolyo; dhuubbaa zayitii; נפט; нефть; petróleo; ნაფთობი; పెట్రోలియం; petroleum; eerdööle; газарай тоһон; ropa; ctile; petrolio; petróleo; petròli; petwòl; nafta; kivivoi; petrol; نەوت; نفت; 석유; petroleum; nafta; pichruoliom; ਕੱਚਾ ਤੇਲ; neft; nafta; nafta; Նաւթ; ಪೆಟ್ರೋಲಿಯಮ್; ڤيتروليوم; petrolyo; mafuta ya petroli; പെട്രോളിയം; 石油; Ierdoalje; ниэп; shidaal; kpam; petróleo; Erdöl; πετρέλαιο; Նավթ; mezcla homogénea de compuestos orgánicos de color negro; folyékony fosszilis energiahordozó; природная маслянистая горючая жидкость из смеси углеводородов; Stoffgemisch aus Kohlenwasserstoffen; مایع قابل اشتعال طبیعی و از سوخت‌های فسیلی; 天然存在的易燃液體; tynd mørk væske, som naturligt forekommer i dele af fundamentet; doğal olarak oluşan yanıcı sıvı; 鉱物資源の一種; tunnflytande mörk vätska som naturligt förekommer i delar av berggrunden; горюча корисна копалина, складна суміш вуглеводнів різних класів з невеликою кількістю органічних кисневих, сірчистих і азотних сполук; җир астыннан табыла торган, үзенә хас исле, карасу майсыман сыекча, углеводородлар кушылмасы; 天然存在的易燃液體; ning n kẽnd ne masin-ramba; hiilivetyjen seos; Natüürelk ööle faan köölweederstoof; natura bruligebla likvo; přírodní hořlavá kapalina; நிலத்தடியில் இயற்கையாக உருவாகும் ஐதரோகாபன் திரவம்; liquido naturale infiammabile, base del carburante e di prodotti petrolchimici; liquide combustible naturel; прыродная палкая вадкасьць; cairan kental yang mudah terbakar; tamna i viskozna tekućina koja se obično pronalazi ispod površine Zemlje ili morskog dna; природна запаљива течност; líquido natural que se atopa en formacións consistentes en hidrocarburos; kpam di miri buɣum bi miriti taba; líquido inflamável de origem natural; Chất lỏng dễ cháy tự nhiên; fossiele brandstof; mineral fluid d'origen orgànic; тамна и вискозна текућина која се обично проналази испод површине Земље или морског дна; naravno vnetljiva tekočina; yanar maye; amestec natural de hidrocarburi lichide în care sunt dizolvate mici cantități de hidrocarburi solide și gazoase; ผลผลิตทางปิโตรเลียม; Gemësch, haaptsächlech aus Kuelewaasserstoffer; mørk væske av hydrokarbon; betegnelse; 天然存在的易燃液體; 천연에서 액체 상태로 산출되는 탄화수소의 혼합물; uketshezi olugqamukayo olukhandeka ngokwemvelo; ನೈಸರ್ಗಿಕವಾಗಿ ಕಂಡುಬರುವ ಹೈಡ್ರೋಕಾರ್ಬನ್ ದ್ರವವು ಭೂಗರ್ಭದಲ್ಲಿ ಕಂಡುಬರುತ್ತದೆ; ماددەیەکی سروشتییە; naturally occurring flammable liquid; وقود أحفوري يستخرج من باطن الأرض و يسمى ب(الذهب الأسود); منتوج نفطي; נוזל דליר הנוצר באופן טבעי; petróleo crudo; oro negro; petrolífero; chiapopohtli; minyak mentah; суров петрол; петрол; суров нефт; akaryakıt; yer yağı; yeryağı; yeryağ; ham petrol; yer yağ; پٹرول; پیٹرول; پیٹرولیم; پٹرولیم; Petroleum; PHC; oljekälla; råolja; oljefyndighet; oljereserver; bergolja; mineralolja; oljeförekomst; oljetillgångar; кипיячка; 原油; 원유; krudnafto; петролеј; петрол; petroleo; petrole; crises pétrolières; crise pétrolière; or noir; dérivés du pétrole; huile de roche; produits pétroliers; exploitation pétrolière; נאַפֿט; कच्चे तेल; क्रूड तेल; nafta; skalny wolij; dầu khí; dầu thô; dầu lửa; vàng đen; petroleum; ruolie; сирова нафта; нефть; petroleumsressursar; fossile brennstoffer; mineralolje; steinolje; fossilt brennstoff; qara qızıl; crude oil; black gold; oil; raw oil; pampetro; petrol oil; fossil-oil; conventional oil; fossil oil; Petroleum; النفط الخام; اهمية البترول; البترول; آبار النفط; البترول الخام; النفط; بئر نفطية; المنتجات النفطية; نفطي; تاريخ صناعة بترول; بترول; نشاة البترول; tireoul; 原油; nyersolaj; ásványolaj; petrolioa; petroleo; petróleu; сырая нефть; чёрное золото; rumi wasisi; pitrulyu; petroleo; petróleo; rumi wira; olew crai; petrogemeg; petrol; petrolewm; نفت; طلای سیاه; 原油; 石油類; mai; נפט גולמי; פטרוליום; पेट्रोलियम; raakaöljy; musta kulta; vuoriöljy; பெட்ரோலியம்; பெற்றோலியம்; எரியெண்ணெய்; கல்நெய்; பாறைநெய்; petrolio greggio; olej skalny; nafta; ropa; toornafta; maaõli; must kuld; petroljo; petrołio; nėpta; බොරතෙල්; Óleo cru; Bacias petrolíferas; Petroleo; Reservas de petróleo; Crude; Categoria:Petróleo; Erdöl; petroliu; pitroliu; sirova nafta; chidí bikʼáh; chidí bik'áh; tókǫʼí; akʼahkǫʼ; surová nafta; zemní olej; ruwe olie; žalia nafta; črno zlato; BBM; bahan bakar minyak; minyak mentah; Steinöl; Bergöl; น้ำมันปิโตรเลียม; น้ำมันดิบ; petrolyo (krudo); petrolium; petroliamu; Պետրոլիում; 原油; parafín; țiței; ܦܛܪܘܠܝܘܡ; eerdeulje; ruwen öäly; peteröäly; petroleo; cru; petroliera; αργό πετρέλαιο; schwaarzt Gold</nowiki></div><table id="wdinfobox" class="fileinfotpl-type-information vevent infobox mw-collapsible" dir="ltr"><caption class="fn org" id="wdinfoboxcaption"><b>petroleum </b></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="wdinfo_nomobile" style="text-align:center"><div>naturally occurring flammable liquid</div><div class="switcher-container"><div class="center"><span class="wpImageAnnotatorControl wpImageAnnotatorCaptionOff"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Petroleum_sample.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Petroleum_sample.jpg/230px-Petroleum_sample.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Petroleum_sample.jpg/345px-Petroleum_sample.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Petroleum_sample.jpg/460px-Petroleum_sample.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2444" data-file-height="2443" /></a></span></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3AUploadWizard&categories=Petroleum">Upload media</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/16px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/24px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/32px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" class="extiw" title="en:Petroleum">Wikipedia</a></div></td></tr><tr class="wdinfo_nomobile"><th class="wikidatainfobox-lcell">Spoken text audio</th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="100" style="width:100px;" data-durationhint="1497" data-mwtitle="Nl-Aardolie-article.ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Nl-Aardolie-article.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/Nl-Aardolie-article.ogg/Nl-Aardolie-article.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td></tr><tr><th class="wikidatainfobox-lcell">Instance of</th><td><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Products" title="Category:Products">product</a></li><li>nonmineral</li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chemical_mixtures" title="Category:Chemical mixtures">mixture</a> (<a href="/wiki/Category:Hydrocarbons" title="Category:Hydrocarbons">hydrocarbon</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commodities" title="Category:Commodities">commodity</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="wdinfo_nomobile"><th class="wikidatainfobox-lcell">Subclass of</th><td><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>organic non-mineral compound</li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fossil_fuels" title="Category:Fossil fuels">fossil fuel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oil" title="Category:Oil">oil</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%" id="wdinfo_ac" class="mw-collapsible"><tbody><tr><th style="background: #cfe3ff">Authority file</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><div style="overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: smaller"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656" title="d:Q22656"><img alt="Wikidata" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656" class="extiw" title="d:Q22656">Q22656</a><br /><span class="wdinfo_nomobile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Logo_Gemeinsame_Normdatei_%28GND%29.svg/18px-Logo_Gemeinsame_Normdatei_%28GND%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Logo_Gemeinsame_Normdatei_%28GND%29.svg/27px-Logo_Gemeinsame_Normdatei_%28GND%29.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Logo_Gemeinsame_Normdatei_%28GND%29.svg/36px-Logo_Gemeinsame_Normdatei_%28GND%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="591" /></span></span> GND ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4015179-7">4015179-7</a></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Library_of_Congress_favicon.png/18px-Library_of_Congress_favicon.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Library_of_Congress_favicon.png/27px-Library_of_Congress_favicon.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Library_of_Congress_favicon.png/36px-Library_of_Congress_favicon.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span> Library of Congress authority ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85100361">sh85100361</a></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Logo_BnF.svg/18px-Logo_BnF.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Logo_BnF.svg/27px-Logo_BnF.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Logo_BnF.svg/36px-Logo_BnF.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="252" /></span></span> Bibliothèque nationale de France ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11975899m">11975899m</a></span></span><br />NDL Authority ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00570596">00570596</a></span></span><br />BNCF Thesaurus ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=8272">8272</a></span></span><br />NL CR AUT ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph116059">ph116059</a></span></span><br />HDS ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/014049">014049</a></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BNE_logo.svg/18px-BNE_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BNE_logo.svg/27px-BNE_logo.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BNE_logo.svg/36px-BNE_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1437" data-file-height="1188" /></span></span> National Library of Spain ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX524464">XX524464</a></span></span><br />BabelNet ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babelnet.org/synset?id=bn:00024112n&lang=EN">00024112n</a></span></span><br />J9U ID: <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007538724805171">987007538724805171</a></span></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="wdinfo_nomobile"><td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><small><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://reasonator.toolforge.org/?q=Q22656">Reasonator</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="https://iw.toolforge.org/scholia/Q22656" class="extiw" title="toolforge:scholia/Q22656">Scholia</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikidocumentaries-demo.wmcloud.org/Q22656">Wikidocumentaries</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=commons&categories=Petroleum&project=wikimedia&ns%5B6%5D=1">PetScan</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://glamtools.toolforge.org/glamorgan.html?&category=Petroleum&depth=1&month=last">statistics</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://wikimap.toolforge.org/?cat=Petroleum&subcats=true&subcatdepth=1&cluster=true">WikiMap</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://locator-tool.toolforge.org/#/geolocate?category=Petroleum">Locator tool</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="external text" href="https://kmlexport.toolforge.org/?project=commons&article=Category%3APetroleum">KML file</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Special:Search/haswbstatement:P180%3DQ22656" title="Special:Search/haswbstatement:P180=Q22656">Search depicted</a></li></ul></div></small></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr class="wdinfo_nomobile"><td lang="en" colspan="2" style="text-align:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656" title="Edit infobox data on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit infobox data on Wikidata" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/23px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/30px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><div class="mw-category-generated" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-subcategories"> <h2>Subcategories</h2> <p>This category has the following 23 subcategories, out of 23 total. </p><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="mw-category mw-category-columns"><div class="mw-category-group"><h3> </h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_by_location" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_by_location" title="Category:Petroleum by location">Petroleum by location</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 2 subcategories, 0 pages, and 0 files" dir="ltr">(2 C)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_by_type" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_by_type" title="Category:Petroleum by type">Petroleum by type</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 7 subcategories, 0 pages, and 0 files" dir="ltr">(7 C)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>+</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Oil_(text)" title="Category:Oil (text)">Oil (text)</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 0 subcategories, 0 pages, and 14 files" dir="ltr">(14 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum-related_charts_and_graphs" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum-related_charts_and_graphs" title="Category:Petroleum-related charts and graphs">Petroleum-related charts and graphs</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 3 subcategories, 0 pages, and 147 files" dir="ltr">(3 C, 147 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum-related_maps" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum-related_maps" title="Category:Petroleum-related maps">Petroleum-related maps</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 5 subcategories, 0 pages, and 33 files" dir="ltr">(5 C, 33 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D1%8C_(text)" title="Category:Нефть (text)">Нефть (text)</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 0 subcategories, 0 pages, and 1 file" dir="ltr">(1 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>A</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="American_Petroleum_Institute" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:American_Petroleum_Institute" title="Category:American Petroleum Institute">American Petroleum Institute</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 2 subcategories, 0 pages, and 2 files" dir="ltr">(2 C, 2 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>B</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Books_about_petroleum" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Books_about_petroleum" title="Category:Books about petroleum">Books about petroleum</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 3 subcategories, 0 pages, and 90 files" dir="ltr">(3 C, 90 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>D</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Deutsche_Vacuum_Oil" title="Category:Deutsche Vacuum Oil">Deutsche Vacuum Oil</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 0 subcategories, 0 pages, and 1 file" dir="ltr">(1 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>E</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_engineering" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_engineering" title="Category:Petroleum engineering">Petroleum engineering</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 2 subcategories, 0 pages, and 218 files" dir="ltr">(2 C, 218 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>H</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_in_heraldry" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_in_heraldry" title="Category:Petroleum in heraldry">Petroleum in heraldry</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 3 subcategories, 0 pages, and 2 files" dir="ltr">(3 C, 2 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>M</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Mexican_Institute_of_Petroleum" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Mexican_Institute_of_Petroleum" title="Category:Mexican Institute of Petroleum">Mexican Institute of Petroleum</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 1 subcategory, 0 pages, and 0 files" dir="ltr">(1 C)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_museums" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_museums" title="Category:Petroleum museums">Petroleum museums</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 17 subcategories, 0 pages, and 6 files" dir="ltr">(17 C, 6 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>N</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Naphtha" title="Category:Naphtha">Naphtha</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 0 subcategories, 0 pages, and 7 files" dir="ltr">(7 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>O</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Oil_engines" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Oil_engines" title="Category:Oil engines">Oil engines</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 3 subcategories, 0 pages, and 35 files" dir="ltr">(3 C, 35 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="OPEC" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:OPEC" title="Category:OPEC">OPEC</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 9 subcategories, 0 pages, and 24 files" dir="ltr">(9 C, 24 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>P</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petrochemistry" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petrochemistry" title="Category:Petrochemistry">Petrochemistry</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 7 subcategories, 0 pages, and 32 files" dir="ltr">(7 C, 32 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_geology" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_geology" title="Category:Petroleum geology">Petroleum geology</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 6 subcategories, 0 pages, and 23 files" dir="ltr">(6 C, 23 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_pollution" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_pollution" title="Category:Petroleum pollution">Petroleum pollution</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 3 subcategories, 0 pages, and 6 files" dir="ltr">(3 C, 6 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>S</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_statistics" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_statistics" title="Category:Petroleum statistics">Petroleum statistics</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 7 subcategories, 0 pages, and 187 files" dir="ltr">(7 C, 187 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_stoves" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_stoves" title="Category:Petroleum stoves">Petroleum stoves</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 1 subcategory, 0 pages, and 4 files" dir="ltr">(1 C, 4 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li> <li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Petroleum_supply" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Petroleum_supply" title="Category:Petroleum supply">Petroleum supply</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 4 subcategories, 0 pages, and 0 files" dir="ltr">(4 C)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="mw-category-group"><h3>T</h3> <ul><li><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="2,2,4-Trimethylpentane" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:2,2,4-Trimethylpentane" title="Category:2,2,4-Trimethylpentane">2,2,4-Trimethylpentane</a></bdi> <span title="Contains 1 subcategory, 0 pages, and 26 files" dir="ltr">(1 C, 26 F)</span></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div> </div><div id="mw-pages"> <h2>Pages in category "Petroleum"</h2> <p>This category contains only the following page. </p><div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="mw-category"><div class="mw-category-group"><h3> </h3> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">Petroleum</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div><div id="mw-category-media"> <h2>Media in category "Petroleum"</h2> <p>The following 148 files are in this category, out of 148 total. </p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%22Fuel_for_them_Means_Less_for_You_-_Make_your_Home_Heat_Tight_Now%22_-_NARA_-_513642.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/%22Fuel_for_them_Means_Less_for_You_-_Make_your_Home_Heat_Tight_Now%22_-_NARA_-_513642.jpg/95px-%22Fuel_for_them_Means_Less_for_You_-_Make_your_Home_Heat_Tight_Now%22_-_NARA_-_513642.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="95" height="120" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/%22Fuel_for_them_Means_Less_for_You_-_Make_your_Home_Heat_Tight_Now%22_-_NARA_-_513642.jpg/142px-%22Fuel_for_them_Means_Less_for_You_-_Make_your_Home_Heat_Tight_Now%22_-_NARA_-_513642.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/%22Fuel_for_them_Means_Less_for_You_-_Make_your_Home_Heat_Tight_Now%22_-_NARA_-_513642.jpg/189px-%22Fuel_for_them_Means_Less_for_You_-_Make_your_Home_Heat_Tight_Now%22_-_NARA_-_513642.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2370" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:%22Fuel_for_them_Means_Less_for_You_-_Make_your_Home_Heat_Tight_Now%22_-_NARA_-_513642.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:"Fuel for them Means Less for You - Make your Home Heat Tight Now" - NARA - 513642.jpg">"Fuel for them Means Less for You - Make your Home Heat Tight Now" - NARA - 513642.jpg</a> 2,370 × 3,000; 979 KB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1486_RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/1486_RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg/120px-1486_RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="48" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/1486_RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg/180px-1486_RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/1486_RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg/240px-1486_RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="319" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:1486_RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:1486 RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg">1486 RefugioOilSpill2015.jpg</a> 800 × 319; 133 KB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:20131206_Istanbul_120.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/20131206_Istanbul_120.jpg/120px-20131206_Istanbul_120.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="90" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/20131206_Istanbul_120.jpg/180px-20131206_Istanbul_120.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/20131206_Istanbul_120.jpg/240px-20131206_Istanbul_120.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3968" data-file-height="2976" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:20131206_Istanbul_120.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:20131206 Istanbul 120.jpg">20131206 Istanbul 120.jpg</a> 3,968 × 2,976; 2.8 MB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:600_litre_per_minute_Fuel_Polishing_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/600_litre_per_minute_Fuel_Polishing_Station.jpg/120px-600_litre_per_minute_Fuel_Polishing_Station.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="119" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/600_litre_per_minute_Fuel_Polishing_Station.jpg/180px-600_litre_per_minute_Fuel_Polishing_Station.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/600_litre_per_minute_Fuel_Polishing_Station.jpg/240px-600_litre_per_minute_Fuel_Polishing_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2818" data-file-height="2793" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:600_litre_per_minute_Fuel_Polishing_Station.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:600 litre per minute Fuel Polishing Station.jpg">600 litre per minute Fuel Polishing Station.jpg</a> 2,818 × 2,793; 2.28 MB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_petroleum_site_in_Egypt.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/A_petroleum_site_in_Egypt.JPG/120px-A_petroleum_site_in_Egypt.JPG" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="90" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/A_petroleum_site_in_Egypt.JPG/180px-A_petroleum_site_in_Egypt.JPG 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/A_petroleum_site_in_Egypt.JPG/240px-A_petroleum_site_in_Egypt.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:A_petroleum_site_in_Egypt.JPG" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:A petroleum site in Egypt.JPG">A petroleum site in Egypt.JPG</a> 4,608 × 3,456; 2.24 MB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_World_of_Opportunities.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/A_World_of_Opportunities.jpg/120px-A_World_of_Opportunities.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="90" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/A_World_of_Opportunities.jpg/180px-A_World_of_Opportunities.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/A_World_of_Opportunities.jpg/240px-A_World_of_Opportunities.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:A_World_of_Opportunities.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:A World of Opportunities.jpg">A World of Opportunities.jpg</a> 4,608 × 3,456; 3.27 MB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abandoned_oil-distribution_unit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Abandoned_oil-distribution_unit.jpg/80px-Abandoned_oil-distribution_unit.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="80" height="120" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Abandoned_oil-distribution_unit.jpg/120px-Abandoned_oil-distribution_unit.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Abandoned_oil-distribution_unit.jpg/160px-Abandoned_oil-distribution_unit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2534" data-file-height="3800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:Abandoned_oil-distribution_unit.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:Abandoned oil-distribution unit.jpg">Abandoned oil-distribution unit.jpg</a> 2,534 × 3,800; 6.47 MB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abschnitts%C3%BCbung_Konrad_Gosdorf_(14)_(45455240061).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Abschnitts%C3%BCbung_Konrad_Gosdorf_%2814%29_%2845455240061%29.jpg/120px-Abschnitts%C3%BCbung_Konrad_Gosdorf_%2814%29_%2845455240061%29.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="80" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Abschnitts%C3%BCbung_Konrad_Gosdorf_%2814%29_%2845455240061%29.jpg/180px-Abschnitts%C3%BCbung_Konrad_Gosdorf_%2814%29_%2845455240061%29.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Abschnitts%C3%BCbung_Konrad_Gosdorf_%2814%29_%2845455240061%29.jpg/240px-Abschnitts%C3%BCbung_Konrad_Gosdorf_%2814%29_%2845455240061%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:Abschnitts%C3%BCbung_Konrad_Gosdorf_(14)_(45455240061).jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:Abschnittsübung Konrad Gosdorf (14) (45455240061).jpg">Abschnittsübung Konrad Gosdorf (14) (45455240061).jpg</a> 6,000 × 4,000; 4.51 MB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ADR33_UN1203.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/ADR33_UN1203.png" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="80" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="67" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:ADR33_UN1203.png" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:ADR33 UN1203.png">ADR33 UN1203.png</a> 101 × 67; 3 KB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ADR33_UN1203.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/ADR33_UN1203.svg/120px-ADR33_UN1203.svg.png" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="90" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/ADR33_UN1203.svg/180px-ADR33_UN1203.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/ADR33_UN1203.svg/240px-ADR33_UN1203.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:ADR33_UN1203.svg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:ADR33 UN1203.svg">ADR33 UN1203.svg</a> 400 × 300; 33 KB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_IX_Cedar_Saline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bulletin_429_Plate_IX_Cedar_Saline.jpg/120px-Bulletin_429_Plate_IX_Cedar_Saline.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="69" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bulletin_429_Plate_IX_Cedar_Saline.jpg/180px-Bulletin_429_Plate_IX_Cedar_Saline.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Bulletin_429_Plate_IX_Cedar_Saline.jpg/240px-Bulletin_429_Plate_IX_Cedar_Saline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1834" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_IX_Cedar_Saline.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:Bulletin 429 Plate IX Cedar Saline.jpg">Bulletin 429 Plate IX Cedar Saline.jpg</a> 1,834 × 1,053; 170 KB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_X_B_Landslide_terrace_Caddo_Lake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bulletin_429_Plate_X_B_Landslide_terrace_Caddo_Lake.jpg/120px-Bulletin_429_Plate_X_B_Landslide_terrace_Caddo_Lake.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="97" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bulletin_429_Plate_X_B_Landslide_terrace_Caddo_Lake.jpg/180px-Bulletin_429_Plate_X_B_Landslide_terrace_Caddo_Lake.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bulletin_429_Plate_X_B_Landslide_terrace_Caddo_Lake.jpg/240px-Bulletin_429_Plate_X_B_Landslide_terrace_Caddo_Lake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1283" data-file-height="1032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_X_B_Landslide_terrace_Caddo_Lake.jpg" class="galleryfilename 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data-file-width="1279" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_A_The_Rapids_Soda_Lake.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:Bulletin 429 Plate XI A The Rapids Soda Lake.jpg">Bulletin 429 Plate XI A The Rapids Soda Lake.jpg</a> 1,279 × 1,024; 122 KB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_B_Potters_Point_Caddo_Lake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_B_Potters_Point_Caddo_Lake.jpg/120px-Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_B_Potters_Point_Caddo_Lake.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="95" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_B_Potters_Point_Caddo_Lake.jpg/180px-Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_B_Potters_Point_Caddo_Lake.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_B_Potters_Point_Caddo_Lake.jpg/240px-Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_B_Potters_Point_Caddo_Lake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="1021" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_XI_B_Potters_Point_Caddo_Lake.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:Bulletin 429 Plate XI B Potters Point Caddo Lake.jpg">Bulletin 429 Plate XI B Potters Point Caddo Lake.jpg</a> 1,296 × 1,021; 151 KB<br> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_XIII_A_South_bank_Caddo_Lake_Wilcox_beds.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bulletin_429_Plate_XIII_A_South_bank_Caddo_Lake_Wilcox_beds.jpg/120px-Bulletin_429_Plate_XIII_A_South_bank_Caddo_Lake_Wilcox_beds.jpg" decoding="async" loading="lazy" width="120" height="94" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bulletin_429_Plate_XIII_A_South_bank_Caddo_Lake_Wilcox_beds.jpg/180px-Bulletin_429_Plate_XIII_A_South_bank_Caddo_Lake_Wilcox_beds.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Bulletin_429_Plate_XIII_A_South_bank_Caddo_Lake_Wilcox_beds.jpg/240px-Bulletin_429_Plate_XIII_A_South_bank_Caddo_Lake_Wilcox_beds.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1220" data-file-height="958" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulletin_429_Plate_XIII_A_South_bank_Caddo_Lake_Wilcox_beds.jpg" class="galleryfilename galleryfilename-truncate" title="File:Bulletin 429 Plate XIII A South bank Caddo Lake Wilcox beds.jpg">Bulletin 429 Plate XIII A South bank Caddo 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-uploadbtn" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:UploadWizard"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-latestfiles" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:NewFiles"><span>Latest files</span></a></li><li id="n-randomimage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random/File" title="Load a random file [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random file</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Contact_us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Category:Petroleum" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Category:Petroleum" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Petroleum&oldid=907692751" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Petroleum&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCategory%3APetroleum"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCategory%3APetroleum"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-coll-print_export" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label" > <h3 id="p-coll-print_export-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Print/export</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Category%3APetroleum"><span>Create a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Category%3APetroleum&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Petroleum&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other projects</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Petroleum" hreflang="en"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiversity mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Category:Petroleum" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiversity</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wiktionary mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Petroleum" hreflang="en"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6572327" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In Wikipedia</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruolie" title="Ruolie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ruolie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%94%E1%89%B5%E1%88%AE%E1%88%8A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ፔትሮሊየም – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፔትሮሊየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" title="Petrolio – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Petrolio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B7" title="نفط – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نفط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A2%DC%A6%DC%9B%DC%90" title="ܢܦܛܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܢܦܛܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84" title="پيطرول – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="پيطرول" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84" title="بترول – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بترول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleu" title="Petroleu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Petroleu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Нарт – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Нарт" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neft" title="Neft – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Neft" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%81%D8%AA" title="نفت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نفت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Нефть – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Нефть" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolyo" title="Petrolyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Petrolyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Нафта – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нафта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-tarask mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Нафта – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нафта" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82" title="Нефт – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нефт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="पेट्रोलियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पेट्रोलियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2" title="খনিজ তেল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="খনিজ তেল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eoul-maen" title="Eoul-maen – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Eoul-maen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nafta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%BE%D2%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Газарай тоһон – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Газарай тоһон" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroli" title="Petroli – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Petroli" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" title="Petrolio – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Petrolio" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolyo" title="Petrolyo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Petrolyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%D8%AA" title="نەوت – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نەوت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa" title="Ropa – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ropa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82%C4%83" title="Нехтă – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нехтă" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroliwm" title="Petroliwm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Petroliwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A5olie" title="Råolie – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Råolie" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kpam_(Petroleum)" title="Kpam (Petroleum) – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kpam (Petroleum)" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C3%B6l" title="Erdöl – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erdöl" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrol" title="Petrol – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Petrol" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Πετρέλαιο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πετρέλαιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B2li" title="Petròli – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Petròli" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Petroleum" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafto" title="Nafto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nafto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B3leo" title="Petróleo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Petróleo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nafta" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" title="Petrolio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Petrolio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroliu" title="Petroliu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Petroliu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%81%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85" title="نفت خام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نفت خام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maa%C3%B6ljy" title="Maaöljy – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maaöljy" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olja" title="Olja – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Olja" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9trole" title="Pétrole – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pétrole" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eerd%C3%B6%C3%B6le" title="Eerdööle – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Eerdööle" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroli" title="Petroli – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Petroli" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ierdoalje" title="Ierdoalje – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ierdoalje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peitriliam" title="Peitriliam – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Peitriliam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="石油" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B3leo" title="Petróleo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Petróleo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itakyra" title="Itakyra – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Itakyra" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gsw mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C3%B6l" title="Erdöl – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Erdöl" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pet%C3%BCroolia" title="Petüroolia – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Petüroolia" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danyen_mai" title="Danyen mai – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Danyen mai" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%CC%8Dk-y%C3%B9" title="Sa̍k-yù – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sa̍k-yù" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%98" title="נפט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נפט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8" title="शिलारस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शिलारस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nafta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petw%C3%B2l" title="Petwòl – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Petwòl" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%91olaj" title="Kőolaj – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kőolaj" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A9" title="Նավթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նավթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D6%86%D5%A9" title="Նաֆթ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Նաֆթ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleo" title="Petroleo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Petroleo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyak_bumi" title="Minyak bumi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Minyak bumi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolo" title="Petrolo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Petrolo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hr%C3%A1ol%C3%ADa" title="Hráolía – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hráolía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" title="Petrolio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Petrolio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="石油" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pichruoliom" title="Pichruoliom – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Pichruoliom" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ctile" title="ctile – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="ctile" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_patra" title="Lenga patra – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Lenga patra" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ნავთობი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნავთობი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neft" title="Neft – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Neft" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D2%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Мұнай – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мұнай" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪೆಟ್ರೋಲಿಯಮ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪೆಟ್ರೋಲಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%9D%EC%9C%A0" title="석유 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="석유" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neft" title="Neft – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Neft" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Нефть – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Нефть" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Мунай – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мунай" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Petroleum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84erdueleg" title="Äerdueleg – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Äerdueleg" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerdaolje" title="Aerdaolje – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Aerdaolje" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pit%C9%94l%C9%94%CC%81" title="Pitɔlɔ́ – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Pitɔlɔ́" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nafta" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nafta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lzh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="石油" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solitany" title="Solitany – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Solitany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyak_bumi" title="Minyak bumi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Minyak bumi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Нафта – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нафта" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="പെട്രോളിയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പെട്രോളിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Газрын тос – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Газрын тос" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="खनिज तेल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खनिज तेल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Petroleum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B3lio" title="Petrólio – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Petrólio" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%B6" title="ရေနံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရေနံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%81%D8%AA" title="نفت – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نفت" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapopohtli" title="Chapopohtli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Chapopohtli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chio%CC%8Dh-i%C3%BB" title="Chio̍h-iû – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chio̍h-iû" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerd%C3%B6%C3%A4ly" title="Aerdöäly – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Aerdöäly" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2" title="खनिज तेल – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="खनिज तेल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardolie" title="Aardolie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aardolie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Petroleum" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Petroleum" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chid%C3%AD_bik%CA%BCah" title="Chidí bikʼah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chidí bikʼah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B2li" title="Petròli – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Petròli" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhuubbaa_zayitii" title="Dhuubbaa zayitii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Dhuubbaa zayitii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2" title="ਕੱਚਾ ਤੇਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੱਚਾ ਤੇਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erd%C3%B6l" title="Erdöl – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Erdöl" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa_naftowa" title="Ropa naftowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ropa naftowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="پٹرولیئم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پٹرولیئم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85/_%D8%AA%DB%90%D9%84" title="پټرولیم/ تېل – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پټرولیم/ تېل" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petr%C3%B3leo" title="Petróleo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Petróleo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allpa_wira" title="Allpa wira – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Allpa wira" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrol" title="Petrol – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Petrol" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Нефть – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нефть" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Ропа – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ропа" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikiciro:Peteroli" title="Ikiciro:Peteroli – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikiciro:Peteroli" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BF" title="Ниэп – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ниэп" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitr%C3%B2liu" title="Pitròliu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pitròliu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Petroleum" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sgs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napta" title="Napta – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Napta" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nafta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="බොරතෙල් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බොරතෙල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Petroleum" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ropa" title="Ropa – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ropa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta" title="Nafta – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nafta" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shidaal" title="Shidaal – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Shidaal" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nafta_e_pap%C3%ABrpunuar" title="Nafta e papërpunuar – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nafta e papërpunuar" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Нафта – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нафта" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oyili" title="Oyili – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Oyili" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minyak_bumi" title="Minyak bumi – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Minyak bumi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Petroleum" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafuta_ya_petroli" title="Mafuta ya petroli – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mafuta ya petroli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="பாறை எண்ணெய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாறை எண்ணெய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="పెట్రోలియం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పెట్రోలియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82" title="Нафт – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нафт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ปิโตรเลียม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปิโตรเลียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrol" title="Petrol – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Petrol" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Нефть – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Нефть" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%90%D9%81%D9%89%D8%AA" title="نېفىت – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="نېفىت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Нафта – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нафта" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85" title="پٹرولیم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پٹرولیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neft" title="Neft – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Neft" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolio" title="Petrolio – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Petrolio" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kivivoi" title="Kivivoi – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kivivoi" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%BA%A7u_m%E1%BB%8F" title="Dầu mỏ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dầu mỏ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrole" title="Petrole – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Petrole" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrolyo_(krudo)" title="Petrolyo (krudo) – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Petrolyo (krudo)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="石油" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ნაფთობი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნაფთობი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98" title="נאפט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נאפט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="石油" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="石油" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li 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