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patterns</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: consume patterns"> <meta name="keywords" content="consume patterns"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="consume patterns"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3097</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: consume patterns</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3097</span> Food Consumption Pattern and Other Associated Factors of Overweight/Obesity and the Prevalence of Dysglyceamia/Diabetes among Employees Attached to the Ministry of Economic Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20S.%20Sumanasekara">G. S. Sumanasekara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Balasuriya"> A. Balasuriya </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: In Sri Lanka studies reveal higher trend in prevalence of diabetes. The office employees have sedentary life style and their eating patterns changed due to nutritional transition. Further overall, urban and rural pre diabetes is also increasing. Objectives - Study the general food pattern of office employees and its relation to overweight/obesity and prevalence of diabetes among them. Method: The data was collected from office employees between 30-60 years (n-400).Data analyzed using SPSS 16 version.The Study design was a descriptive cross sectional study. The study setting was Ministry of Economic Development. Anthropometric measurements and blood glucose assessed by trained nurses. Dietary pattern was studied through a food frequency questionairre thereby calculated daily nutrient intakes. Results: Mean age of office employees were 38.98 SD (7.033) CI=95%) and 245 females (61.2%) 155 males (38.8 %) ,Nationality includes Sinhala (67.5%), Tamil(20%), and Muslims (12.5%).Owerweight(7,1.8%), obese male(36,9%), obese female(66,16%)/ diabetes/obese(18,4.5%) out of 127(31.8%) who were above the normal BMI whereas 273(68.2) were within the normal. Mean BMI was 24.1593.Mean Blood sugar level was 104.646,SD(16.018).12% consume tobacco products,17.8 consumed alcohol.15.8% had nutrition training. Two main dietary patterns identified who were vegetarians and non vegetarians .Mean energy intake 1727.1, (SD 4.97), Mean protein consumption(11.33, SD 1.811), Mean fat consumption(24.07, SD 4.131),Mean CHO consumption (64.56, SD 4.54), Mean Fibre (30.05, SD 17.9), Mean cholesterol(16.85, SD 17.22), Energy intake was higher in non vegetarians and larger propotion of energy derived from proteins , and fat. Their carbohydrate and cholesterol intake was also higher. Tamils were mostly vegetarians. Mainly BMI were within normal range(18.5-23.5) whereas Muslims who had higher energy intakes showed BMI above the normal. Conclusion: Two distinct dietary patterns identified. Different ethnic groups consume different diets with different nutrient composition. Dietary pattern has a relation to overweight. Overweight related to high blood glucose levels but some overweight subjects do not show any relation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title="obesity">obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overweight" title=" overweight"> overweight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20pattern" title=" dietary pattern"> dietary pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title=" nutrition"> nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BMI" title=" BMI"> BMI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20communicable%20disease" title=" non communicable disease"> non communicable disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39677/food-consumption-pattern-and-other-associated-factors-of-overweightobesity-and-the-prevalence-of-dysglyceamiadiabetes-among-employees-attached-to-the-ministry-of-economic-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3096</span> A Systematic Literature Review on Security and Privacy Design Patterns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebtehal%20Aljedaani">Ebtehal Aljedaani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Aljohani"> Maha Aljohani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Privacy and security patterns are both important for developing software that protects users' data and privacy. Privacy patterns are designed to address common privacy problems, such as unauthorized data collection and disclosure. Security patterns are designed to protect software from attack and ensure reliability and trustworthiness. Using privacy and security patterns, software engineers can implement security and privacy by design principles, which means that security and privacy are considered throughout the software development process. These patterns are available to translate "security & privacy-by-design" into practical advice for software engineering. Previous research on privacy and security patterns has typically focused on one category of patterns at a time. This paper aims to bridge this gap by merging the two categories and identifying their similarities and differences. To do this, the authors conducted a systematic literature review of 25 research papers on privacy and security patterns. The papers were analysed based on the category of the pattern, the classification of the pattern, and the security requirements that the pattern addresses. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive review of privacy and security design patterns. The review is intended to help future IT designers understand the relationship between the two types of patterns and how to use them to design secure and privacy-preserving software. The paper provides a clear classification of privacy and security design patterns, along with examples of each type. The authors found that there is only one widely accepted classification of privacy design patterns, while there are several competing classifications of security design patterns. Three types of security design patterns were found to be the most commonly used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20patterns" title="design patterns">design patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy" title=" privacy"> privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification%20of%20patterns" title=" classification of patterns"> classification of patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20patterns" title=" security patterns"> security patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy%20patterns" title=" privacy patterns"> privacy patterns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174494/a-systematic-literature-review-on-security-and-privacy-design-patterns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3095</span> Materials for Sustainability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiuying%20Li">Qiuying Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is a shared opinion that sustainable development requires a system discontinuity, meaning that radical changes in the way we produce and consume are needed. Within this framework there is an emerging understanding that an important contribution to this change can be directly linked to decisions taken in the design phase of products, services and systems. Design schools have therefore to be able to provide design students with a broad knowledge and effective Design for Sustainability tools, in order to enable a new generation of designers in playing an active role in reorienting our consumption and production patterns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20for%20sustainability" title="design for sustainability">design for sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=services" title=" services"> services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems" title=" systems"> systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=materials" title=" materials"> materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecomaterials" title=" ecomaterials"> ecomaterials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29958/materials-for-sustainability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3094</span> Comparison of Tourist Shopping Patterns in Korea, 2009-2015: A Case of China and Japan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miju%20Choi">Miju Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ava%20Seo"> Ava Seo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Japan has been positioned as a major inbound market to Korea, accounting for about 31% of total inbound visitors until 2012. The percentage has sharply dropped each year since and remained in second place, reaching 13.33% in 2016. Meanwhile, China has been boosted as a major inbound market, reaching 46.79% in 2016. Chinese tourists mainly visit Korea with the major purpose of shopping. They consume Korean cosmetic/beauty products and clothes while Japanese tourists prefer to purchase healthy food such as ginseng and seaweed. This study aims to investigate and compare tourist shopping patterns across two major inbound markets, China and Japan. A quantitative approach using survey was applied from 2009 to 2016. Findings suggest Chinese visit Korea due to quality of product, value for money, and accessibility, and trust. Meanwhile, Japanese choose Korea as a shopping destination mainly due to convenience, affordability, and tourist attractions. Also, there were significant differences in shopping venues. For example, Japanese tourists prefer shopping at department stores while Chinese tourists prefer retail outlets and local markets. This study contributes to deeper understanding on two major inbound markets to Korea and suggests future marketing strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourist%20shopping%20patterns" title="tourist shopping patterns">tourist shopping patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Korea" title=" Korea"> Korea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japan" title=" Japan"> Japan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical%20data" title=" historical data"> historical data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90030/comparison-of-tourist-shopping-patterns-in-korea-2009-2015-a-case-of-china-and-japan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3093</span> Digital Development of Cultural Heritage: Construction of Traditional Chinese Pattern Database</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaojian%20Li">Shaojian Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The traditional Chinese patterns, as an integral part of Chinese culture, possess unique values in history, culture, and art. However, with the passage of time and societal changes, many of these traditional patterns are at risk of being lost, damaged, or forgotten. To undertake the digital preservation and protection of these traditional patterns, this paper will collect and organize images of traditional Chinese patterns. It will provide exhaustive and comprehensive semantic annotations, creating a resource library of traditional Chinese pattern images. This will support the digital preservation and application of traditional Chinese patterns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digitization%20of%20cultural%20heritage" title="digitization of cultural heritage">digitization of cultural heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20Chinese%20patterns" title=" traditional Chinese patterns"> traditional Chinese patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20humanities" title=" digital humanities"> digital humanities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=database%20construction" title=" database construction"> database construction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182148/digital-development-of-cultural-heritage-construction-of-traditional-chinese-pattern-database" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3092</span> An Analysis of Sequential Pattern Mining on Databases Using Approximate Sequential Patterns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Suneetha">J. Suneetha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijayalaxmi"> Vijayalaxmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sequential Pattern Mining involves applying data mining methods to large data repositories to extract usage patterns. Sequential pattern mining methodologies used to analyze the data and identify patterns. The patterns have been used to implement efficient systems can recommend on previously observed patterns, in making predictions, improve usability of systems, detecting events, and in general help in making strategic product decisions. In this paper, identified performance of approximate sequential pattern mining defines as identifying patterns approximately shared with many sequences. Approximate sequential patterns can effectively summarize and represent the databases by identifying the underlying trends in the data. Conducting an extensive and systematic performance over synthetic and real data. The results demonstrate that ApproxMAP effective and scalable in mining large sequences databases with long patterns. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20data" title="multiple data">multiple data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20analysis" title=" performance analysis"> performance analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequential%20pattern" title=" sequential pattern"> sequential pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sequence%20database%20scalability" title=" sequence database scalability"> sequence database scalability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46782/an-analysis-of-sequential-pattern-mining-on-databases-using-approximate-sequential-patterns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46782.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3091</span> Irreducible Sign Patterns of Minimum Rank of 3 and Symmetric Sign Patterns That Allow Diagonalizability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sriparna%20Bandopadhyay">Sriparna Bandopadhyay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is known that irreducible sign patterns in general may not allow diagonalizability and in particular irreducible sign patterns with minimum rank greater than or equal to 4. It is also known that every irreducible sign pattern matrix with minimum rank of 2 allow diagonalizability with rank of 2 and the maximum rank of the sign pattern. In general sign patterns with minimum rank of 3 may not allow diagonalizability if the condition of irreducibility is dropped, but the problem of whether every irreducible sign pattern with minimum rank of 3 allows diagonalizability remains open. In this paper it is shown that irreducible sign patterns with minimum rank of 3 under certain conditions on the underlying graph allow diagonalizability. An alternate proof of the results that every sign pattern matrix with minimum rank of 2 and no zero lines allow diagonalizability with rank of 2 and also that every full sign pattern allows diagonalizability with all permissible ranks of the sign pattern is given. Some open problems regarding composite cycles in an irreducible symmetric sign pattern that support of a rank principal certificate are also answered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irreducible%20sign%20patterns" title="irreducible sign patterns">irreducible sign patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20rank" title=" minimum rank"> minimum rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symmetric%20sign%20patterns" title=" symmetric sign patterns"> symmetric sign patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank%20-principal%20certificate" title=" rank -principal certificate"> rank -principal certificate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allowing%20diagonalizability" title=" allowing diagonalizability"> allowing diagonalizability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173597/irreducible-sign-patterns-of-minimum-rank-of-3-and-symmetric-sign-patterns-that-allow-diagonalizability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3090</span> The Fall of Cultural Consumption in Spain during the Economic Crisis of 2008: Lessons for the Upcoming Crisis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pau%20Rausell-Koster">Pau Rausell-Koster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordi%20Sanjuan-Belda"> Jordi Sanjuan-Belda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The economic crisis of 2008 had a special impact on cultural consumption in Spain. It fell by almost 30% in a few years, and its share of total family spending decreased from 3.19% in 2007 to 2.38% in 2015. In 2017, unlike other indicators, cultural consumption levels were still far from recovering their pre-crisis values. In times of economic difficulties, the satisfaction of primary subsistence needs takes priority over that of social, cultural and experiential needs, among which cultural consumption would mostly be framed. However, its evolution cannot be attributed exclusively to macroeconomic trends. In parallel to these, technological advances mainly related to the Internet have been disseminated in recent years, which have a very marked impact on the consumption patterns of some cultural sectors. Thus, the aim of this study is to define the causes of the decline in cultural consumption in Spain in recent years, and analyse what type of products, territories and population profiles suffered it especially. From the data analysis of the Family Budget Survey, the study seeks to improve the understanding of the determinants of cultural consumption and their behaviour in the face of macroeconomic trends, as well as identify and extract some policy implications regarding to the upcoming crisis caused by COVID-19. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consume%20patterns" title="consume patterns">consume patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20consumption" title=" cultural consumption"> cultural consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20crisis" title=" economic crisis"> economic crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20trends" title=" economic trends"> economic trends</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126844/the-fall-of-cultural-consumption-in-spain-during-the-economic-crisis-of-2008-lessons-for-the-upcoming-crisis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3089</span> A Study and Design Scarf Collection Applied Vietnamese Traditional Patterns by Using Printing Method on Fabric</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai%20Anh%20Pham%20Ho">Mai Anh Pham Ho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scarf products today is a symbol of fashion to decorate, to make our life more beautiful and bring new features to our living space. It also shows the cultural identity by using the traditional patterns that make easily to introduce the image of Vietnam to other nations all over the world. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to classify Vietnamese traditional patterns according to the era and dynasties. Vietnamese traditional patterns through the dynasties of Vietnamese history are done and classified by five groups of patterns including the geometric patterns, the natural patterns, the animal patterns, the floral patterns, and the character patterns in the Prehistoric times, the Bronze and Iron age, the Chinese domination, the Ngo-Dinh-TienLe-Ly-Tran-Ho dynasty, and the LeSo-Mac-LeTrinh-TaySon-Nguyen dynasty. Besides, there are some special kinds of Vietnamese traditional patterns like buffalo, lotus, bronze-drum, Phuc Loc Tho character, and so on. Extensive research was conducted for modernizing scarf collection applied Vietnamese traditional patterns which the fashion trend is used on creating works. The concept, target, image map, lifestyle map, motif, colours, arrangement and completion of patterns on scarf were set up. The scarf collection is designed and developed by the Adobe Illustrator program with three colour ways for each scarf. Upon completion of the research, digital printing technology is chosen for using on scarf collection which Vietnamese traditional patterns were researched deeply and widely with the purpose of establishment the basic background for Vietnamese culture in order to identify Vietnamese national personality as well as establish and preserve the cultural heritage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scarf%20collection" title="scarf collection">scarf collection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vietnamese%20traditional%20patterns" title=" Vietnamese traditional patterns"> Vietnamese traditional patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=printing%20methods" title=" printing methods"> printing methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fabric%20design" title=" fabric design"> fabric design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51958/a-study-and-design-scarf-collection-applied-vietnamese-traditional-patterns-by-using-printing-method-on-fabric" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3088</span> Quality Assurance in Software Design Patterns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabbia%20Tariq">Rabbia Tariq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannan%20Sajjad"> Hannan Sajjad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehreen%20Sirshar"> Mehreen Sirshar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Design patterns are widely used to make the process of development easier as they greatly help the developers to develop the software. Different design patterns have been introduced till now but the behavior of same design pattern may differ in different domains that can lead to the wrong selection of the design pattern. The paper aims to discover the design patterns that suits best with respect to their domain thereby helping the developers to choose an effective design pattern. It presents the comprehensive analysis of design patterns based on different methodologies that include simulation, case study and comparison of various algorithms. Due to the difference of the domain the methodology used in one domain may be inapplicable to the other domain. The paper draws a conclusion based on strength and limitation of each design pattern in their respective domain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20patterns" title="design patterns">design patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assurance" title=" quality assurance"> quality assurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20domains" title=" software domains"> software domains</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25836/quality-assurance-in-software-design-patterns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3087</span> A Study of Blockchain Oracles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdeljalil%20Beniiche">Abdeljalil Beniiche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The limitation with smart contracts is that they cannot access external data that might be required to control the execution of business logic. Oracles can be used to provide external data to smart contracts. An oracle is an interface that delivers data from external data outside the blockchain to a smart contract to consume. Oracle can deliver different types of data depending on the industry and requirements. In this paper, we study and describe the widely used blockchain oracles. Then, we elaborate on his potential role, technical architecture, and design patterns. Finally, we discuss the human oracle and its key role in solving the truth problem by reaching a consensus about a certain inquiry and tasks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oracles" title=" oracles"> oracles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oracles%20design" title=" oracles design"> oracles design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20oracles" title=" human oracles"> human oracles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133352/a-study-of-blockchain-oracles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3086</span> The Development of Micro Patterns Using Benchtop Lithography for Marine Antifouling Applications </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felicia%20Wong%20Yen%20Myan">Felicia Wong Yen Myan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Walker"> James Walker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development of micro topographies usually begins with the fabrication of a master stamp. Fabrication of such small structures can be technically challenging and expensive. These techniques are often used for applications where patterns only cover a small surface area (e.g. semiconductors, microfluidic channels). This research investigated the use of benchtop lithography to fabricate patterns with average widths of 50 and 100 microns on silicon wafer substrates. Further development of this method will attempt to layer patterns to create hierarchical structures. Photomasks consisted of patterns printed onto transparency films with a high resolution printer and a fully patterned 10cm by 10cm area has been successfully developed. UV exposure was carried out with a self-made array of ultraviolet LEDs that was positioned a distance above a glass diffuser. Observations under a light microscope and SEM showed that developed patterns exhibit an adequate degree of fidelity with patterns from the master stamp. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithography" title="lithography">lithography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antifouling" title=" antifouling"> antifouling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine" title=" marine"> marine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microtopography" title=" microtopography "> microtopography </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4376/the-development-of-micro-patterns-using-benchtop-lithography-for-marine-antifouling-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3085</span> Exposure and Satisfaction toward Online News of Undergraduate Students in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekapon%20Thienthaworn">Ekapon Thienthaworn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to study the exposure and satisfaction toward online news of undergraduate students in Bangkok, Thailand. This research is the survey research which 400 questionnaires are used to collect data with the accidental sampling technique and the data collected are analyzed with descriptive statistics. The result can be divided into 2 sections as follow: (1) Undergraduate students in Bangkok consume online news via most of the Smartphone. In most cases, they use average more than 2 hours per day. Most times to consume news are 22.01- 02.00 pm. Primary source is Facebook and the most interested news genre is entertainment news and headline of the day. (2) Undergraduate students in Bangkok have positive attitude in online news is a fastness and easy-to-access. Negative attitude is piracy. Finally, average satisfaction in consuming online news is in high levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exposure" title="exposure">exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction" title=" satisfaction"> satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20news" title=" online news"> online news</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangkok" title=" Bangkok"> Bangkok</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44793/exposure-and-satisfaction-toward-online-news-of-undergraduate-students-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3084</span> Biomorphic Ornaments in Islamic Architecture and Their Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esra%20Alhamal">Esra Alhamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Islamic architecture is known for the ornamental patterns that cover the architectural surfaces: floors, walls, and ceilings. This quality in Islamic buildings has long impressed other civilisation, and it is a visual language that exists across the Islamic lands. Ornamentation is divided into three types: geometry, biomorphs, and Arabic calligraphy. The focus of this study is the biomorphic ornaments. This paper will aim to define and characterise biomorphic patterns and trace their development from the 7th to the 18th centuries. Although the time period is seemingly long, the biomorphic patterns and their motifs have been consistent and supported by a geometric system underlying the free flowing, symmetrical motifs. The methodology of this paper consists of analysing and comparing biomorphic patterns from each Islamic period using rules of geometry and symmetry. The study is concluded with a table showcasing the main motifs and how they developed under each Islamic dynasty. This research is a documentation of the biomorphic language and having this record will help contemporary designers employ biomorphic ornaments thoughtfully. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20surface" title="architectural surface">architectural surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomorphic%20patterns" title=" biomorphic patterns"> biomorphic patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20patterns" title=" Islamic patterns"> Islamic patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20ornamentation" title=" Islamic ornamentation"> Islamic ornamentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120671/biomorphic-ornaments-in-islamic-architecture-and-their-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3083</span> Study of Dermatoglyphics Pattern in Patient with Hypertension</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajeevan%20Gautam">Ajeevan Gautam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulam%20Anwer%20Khan"> Gulam Anwer Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratibha%20Pokhrel"> Pratibha Pokhrel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Dermatoglyphics is the science which deals with the study of dermal ridge configuration on the digits, palms and soles. It is grooved by ridges and forms variety of configurations. The aim of the study was to identify dermal ridge patterns on fingertip of hypertensive patients and in normal population and to compare patterns among them. Methods: The subjects of the study were 130 hypertensives and 130 non-hypertensives cases of Kathmandu Valley aged between 40 to 80 years. Case history was recorded after consent finger prints were taken. Different parameters as whorl, loop, arch and composite patterns were studied and analysed. Result: It revealed, increased whorl pattern in hypertensive. It showed 65.69% whorl, 29.23% loop and 5.07% arch patterns in right hand of hypertensive people. In control, it was found to be 34.46% whorl, 58.15% loop and 5.38% arch patterns respectively. Similarly in left hand 63.69% whorl, 32% loop and 4.30% arch in hypertensive group. In control group it was 60.15% as loop, 35.69% as whorl and 15% as arch. Discussion: Based on findings of the result, it was concluded that the whorl, loop and arch patterns observed as 65.69%, 29.23% and 5.07% respectively in hypertensive cases in right hand. Similarly in left hand, it was found to be 4.30% as arch, 32% as loop and 63.69% as whorl patterns, but in normotensive subjects these patterns were recorded as 36.43%, 58.15%, 5.38% in right hand and 35.69%, 60.15%, 4.15% in left hand as whorl, loop and arch respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arch" title="arch">arch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dermatoglyphics" title=" dermatoglyphics"> dermatoglyphics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypertension" title=" hypertension"> hypertension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loop" title=" loop"> loop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whorl" title=" whorl"> whorl</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67081/study-of-dermatoglyphics-pattern-in-patient-with-hypertension" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3082</span> Nutritional Status of Middle School Students and Their Selected Eating Behaviours</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Larysz">K. Larysz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Grochowska-Niedworok"> E. Grochowska-Niedworok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kardas"> M. Kardas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Brukalo"> K. Brukalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Calyniuk"> B. Calyniuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Polaniak"> R. Polaniak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eating behaviours and habits are one of the main factors affecting health. Abnormal nutritional status is a growing problem related to nutritional errors. The number of adolescents presenting excess body weight is also rising. The body's demand for all nutrients increases in the period of intensive development, i.e., during puberty. A varied, well-balanced diet and elimination of unhealthy habits are two of the key factors that contribute to the proper development of a young body. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status and selected eating behaviours/habits in adolescents attending middle school. An original questionnaire including 24 questions was conducted. A total of 401 correctly completed questionnaires were qualified for the assessment. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Furthermore, the frequency of breakfast consumption, the number of meals per day, types of snacks and sweetened beverages, as well as the frequency of consuming fruit and vegetables, dairy products and fast-foods were assessed. The obtained results were analysed statistically. The study showed that malnutrition was more of a problem than overweight or obesity among middle school students. More than 71% of middle school students have breakfast, whereas almost 30% of adolescents skip this meal. Up to 57.6% of respondents most often consume sweets at school. A total of 37% of adolescents consume sweetened beverages daily or almost every day. Most of the respondents consume an optimal number of meals daily. Only 24.7% of respondents consume fruit and vegetables more than once daily. The majority of respondents (49.40%) declared that they consumed fast food several times a month. Satisfactory frequency of consuming dairy products was reported by 32.7% of middle school students. Conclusions of our study: 1. Malnutrition is more of a problem than overweight or obesity among middle school students. They consume excessive amounts of sweets, sweetened beverages, and fast foods. 2. The consumption of fruit and vegetables was too low in the study group. The intake of dairy products was also low in some cases. 3. A statistically significant correlation was found between the frequency of fast food consumption and the intake of sweetened beverages. A low correlation was found between nutritional status and the number of meals per day. The number of meals consumed by these individuals decreased with increasing nutritional status. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title="adolescent">adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malnutrition" title=" malnutrition"> malnutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition" title=" nutrition"> nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20status" title=" nutritional status"> nutritional status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108656/nutritional-status-of-middle-school-students-and-their-selected-eating-behaviours" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3081</span> Enhancement of Light Out Efficiency of PLED Device Employing Designed Substrate Combined with Nano-Line Patterns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ting-Ting%20Wen">Ting-Ting Wen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20C.%20Lin"> H. C. Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports a study for the light outcoupling efficiency of the PLED device. In use of a designed substrate combined with nano-line patterns in PLED device, the light outcoupling efficiency can be significantly enhanced. The designed substrate was made by UV imprinting technology, such as triangular microlens arrays on the front and periodic corrugated patterns on the back surface. The nano-line patterns in PLED device was fabricated by advanced microstamping and ink-jet printing techniques. For high angles of observation with respect to the substrate surface normal, the light out intensity of the developed PLED device is increased from 0.05 (a.u.) up to 0.69 (a.u.) at the view angle 85 degree. The designed integration leads to 64% increase of the light out intensity compared with the conventional PLED device. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triangular%20microlens" title="triangular microlens">triangular microlens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrugation%20patterns" title=" corrugation patterns"> corrugation patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-line%20patterns" title=" nano-line patterns"> nano-line patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLED%20device" title=" PLED device"> PLED device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV%20imprinting%20technology" title=" UV imprinting technology"> UV imprinting technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstamping" title=" microstamping"> microstamping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17239/enhancement-of-light-out-efficiency-of-pled-device-employing-designed-substrate-combined-with-nano-line-patterns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17239.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3080</span> Setting Ground for Improvement of Knowledge Managament System in the Educational Organization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mladen%20Djuric">Mladen Djuric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20Janicijevic"> Ivan Janicijevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sasa%20Lazarevic"> Sasa Lazarevic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the organizational issues is how to develop and shape decision making and knowledge management systems which will continually avoid traps of both paralyses by analyses“ and extinction by instinct“, the concepts that are a kind of tolerant limits anti-patterns which define what we can call decision making and knowledge management patterns control zone. This paper discusses potentials for development of a core base for recognizing, capturing, and analyzing anti-patterns in the educational organization, thus creating a space for improving decision making and knowledge management processes in education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-patterns" title="anti-patterns">anti-patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title=" knowledge management "> knowledge management </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19272/setting-ground-for-improvement-of-knowledge-managament-system-in-the-educational-organization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">632</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3079</span> Influence of Alcohol Consumption on Attention in Wistar Albino Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adekunle%20Adesina">Adekunle Adesina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorcas%20Adesina"> Dorcas Adesina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This Research investigated the influence of alcohol consumption on attention in Wister albino rats. It was designed to test whether or not alcohol consumption affected visual and auditory attention. The sample of this study comprise of 3males albino rats and 3 females albino rats which were randomly assigned to 3 (male/female each) groups, 1, 2 and 3. The first group which was experimental Group 1 received 4ml of alcohol ingestion with cannula twice daily (morning and evening). The second group which was experimental group 2 received 2ml of alcohol ingestion with cannula twice daily (morning and evening). Third group which was the control group only received water (placebo), all these happened within a period of 2 days. Three hypotheses were advanced and testedf in the study. Hypothesis 1 stated that there will be no significant difference between the response speed of albino rats that consume alcohol and those that consume water on visual attention using 5-CSRTT. This was confirmed (DF (2, 9) = 0.72, P <.05). Hypothesis 2 stated that albino rats who consumed alcohol will perform better than those who consume water on auditory accuracy using 5-CSRTT. This was also tested but not confirmed (DF (2, 9) = 2.10, P< .05). The third hypothesis which stated that female albino rats who consumed alcohol would not perform better than male albino rats who consumed alcohol on auditory accuracy using 5-CSRTT was tested and not confirmed. (DF (4) = 0.17, P < .05). Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and T-test for independent measures. It was therefore recommended that government policies and programs should be directed at reducing to the barest minimum the rate of alcohol consumption especially among males as it is detrimental to the human auditory attentional organ. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol" title="alcohol">alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention" title=" attention"> attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influence" title=" influence"> influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rats" title=" rats"> rats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wistar" title=" Wistar"> Wistar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77351/influence-of-alcohol-consumption-on-attention-in-wistar-albino-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3078</span> Marketing in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Implications for Consumption Patterns of Halal Food</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djermani%20Farouk">Djermani Farouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Rahayu%20Hijrah%20Hati"> Sri Rahayu Hijrah Hati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fenitra%20Maminirin"> Fenitra Maminirin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Permata%20Wulandari"> Permata Wulandari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the implications of Artificial Intelligence Marketing (AIM) marketing mix (PRD) Product, (PRC) Price, (PRM), Promotion and (PLC) Place on consumption patterns of halal food (CPHF). A quantitative approach was adopted in this study and responses were obtained from 350 Indonesian consumers. Using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the results show that there is a direct support of marketing mix (PRD, PRC, PLC) to AIM and CPHF, while PRM does not play a significant role in CPHF. In addition, the findings reveal that AIM mediates significantly the relationship between PLC, PRC and PRM and CPHF, while AIM indicates no mediation between PRD and CPHF. Indonesian consumer’s exhibit serious concerns with consumption patterns of halal food. it is recommended that managers focus their attention on marketing strategies to predict consumer behavior in terms of consumption patterns of halal food through the integration of AIM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20mix" title="marketing mix">marketing mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumption%20patterns" title=" consumption patterns"> consumption patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence%20marketing" title=" artificial intelligence marketing"> artificial intelligence marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halal%20food" title=" Halal food"> Halal food</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190071/marketing-in-the-age-of-artificial-intelligence-implications-for-consumption-patterns-of-halal-food" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3077</span> Mouthing Patterns in Indian Sign Language</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neha%20Kulshreshtha">Neha Kulshreshtha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the patterns of 'Mouthing', a non-manual marker, and its distribution in Indian Sign Language (ISL). Linguistic research in Indian Sign Language is an emerging field where much is needed to be done. The little research which has happened focuses on the structure of ISL in terms of physical or manual markers, therefore a study of mouthing patterns would give an insight into the distribution of this particular non-manual marker. Data has been collected with the help of native ISL users through various techniques in which natural signs can be captured, for example, storytelling, informal conversations etc. The aim of the study is to find out the various situations where mouthing is used. Sometimes, the mouthing is not actually the articulation of the word as spoken in the local languages. The paper aims to find out whether the mouthing patterns in ISL are influenced by any local language or they are independent of any influence from the local language or both. Mouthing patterns have been studied in many sign languages and an investigation into ISL will reveal whether it falls in pattern with the other sign languages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20sign%20language" title="Indian sign language">Indian sign language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mouthing" title=" mouthing"> mouthing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-manual%20marker" title=" non-manual marker"> non-manual marker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spoken%20language%20influence" title=" spoken language influence"> spoken language influence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78826/mouthing-patterns-in-indian-sign-language" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78826.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3076</span> Using Eye-Tracking to Investigate TEM Validity and Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cao%20Xi">Cao Xi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports a study which used eye-tracking to examine the cognitive validity of TEM 8(Test for English Majors, Band 8). The study investigated test takers' reading patterns on four -item types using eye-tracking, and interviews. Thirty participants completed 22 items on a computer, with the Tobii X2 Eye Tracker recording their eye movements on screen. Eleven students further participated in a recall interview while viewing video footage of their gaze patterns on the test. The findings will indicate that first, different reading item types will employ different cognitive processes; then different reading patterns for stronger and weaker test takers’on each item types. The implication of this study is to provide recommendations for the use of eye tracking technology in language research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eye%20tracking" title="eye tracking">eye tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reading%20patterns" title=" reading patterns"> reading patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20for%20english%20majors" title=" test for english majors"> test for english majors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20validity" title=" cognitive validity"> cognitive validity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145848/using-eye-tracking-to-investigate-tem-validity-and-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3075</span> Mycoflora and Aflatoxin Contamination of Kokoro: A Nigerian Maize Snack</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20A.%20Onifade">D. A. Onifade </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kokoro is maize snack which is very popular among poor masses in Nigeria who consume it along with gari(a cassava product) as lunch on a regular basis. In this study, fungal contaminants of kokoro were characterized and its aflatoxin content determined. A total of 30 fungal isolates were obtained from kokoro samples and they belong to 3 different species. Aspergillus flavus had the highest frequency of occurrence of 73.33% while Penicillium species had the lowest (6.66%). Different concentration of aflatoxin B1 was detected in some of the kokoro samples analyzed. Sample D had the highest concentration of 7.25 parts per billion (ppb). The lowest concentration detected was 0.06 ppb in sample P. No aflatoxin G1 and G2 was detected in all the kokoro samples with exception of sample P which contained 2.54 ppb aflatoxin G1.According to international standards some of the kokoro samples are not suitable for human consumption because of high-level aflatoxin which was above the recommended level. Therefore, production of kokoro should be standardized and appropriate packaging materials utilized to prevent the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi. This is to safeguard the health of many poor Nigerians who consume it on a regular basis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kokoro" title="kokoro">kokoro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maize%20snack" title=" maize snack"> maize snack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aflatoxin" title=" aflatoxin"> aflatoxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contamination" title=" contamination"> contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mould" title=" mould"> mould</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18960/mycoflora-and-aflatoxin-contamination-of-kokoro-a-nigerian-maize-snack" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3074</span> Consumer Preferences Concerning Food from Carob: A Survey in Crete, Greece</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgios%20A.%20Fragkiadakis">Georgios A. Fragkiadakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonia%20Psaroudaki"> Antonia Psaroudaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theodora%20Mouratidou"> Theodora Mouratidou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eirini%20Sfakianaki"> Eirini Sfakianaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research: The nutritional benefits of eating carob are many and important for the human organism, as it is a food rich in carbohydrates and low in fat and contains multiple nutrients, making it a "superfood". Within the framework of the project "Actions for the optimal utilization of the potential of carob in the Region of Crete" which is financed-supervised by the Region of Crete, a second-grade local self-government authority, with the collaboration of the University of Crete and of the Hellenic Mediterranean University, an online survey was carried out with the aim of evaluating dietary habits and views related to the consumption of carob and its products in a sample of local residents. Results and Conclusions: Of the 351 participants, 259 (73.8%) stated that they consume carob products, and 26.2% stated that they do not. Difficult access and limited availability of carob-food products (33.7%), high price (20.7%), and difficulties of use and preparation (15.2%) were cited as the main reasons for non-consumption. Other reasons, to a lesser extent, concern the taste, especially the sweet aftertaste of some products. Concerning the behavior and eating habits related to the consumption of carob products (n=259), 57.9% of the sample report that they buy carob products "sometimes"; 21.2% report "often"; 19.7% report "rarely", and a very small percentage of 1.2% report "constantly". With reference to the reasons for choosing carob products, the participants mention the main reason for their high nutritional value (51.7%), followed by 32.4% of nutritional claims and health claims, and the organoleptic characteristics (10.8%). Other positive factors are the final price of the product, the ease of use, and the respect for the local environment and producers. Some bakery products show the highest percentage of consumption among carob-food consumers, mainly in the form of rusks (86.1%) and breadsticks (70.3%). They are followed, in descending order, by bread (63.3%), toast (52.1%), and flour (50.6%). More specifically: 40.5% consume carob rusks less than once a month; 22% consume less than once a week; up to twice a week 12.4%; 6.6%, consume rusks 3 to 4 times a week, and daily 3.9%. It is worth mentioning that a high percentage of consumers of carob products recommend the consumption to their family and friends. Only a small percentage, in the range of 5%, does not recommend the consumption of carob products in their close family/social circle. The main motivating factors for the consumption of carob products are the expected effects they may have on health (74.1%) and the organoleptic characteristics with a percentage of 21.6%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title="food">food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer" title=" consumer"> consumer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preferences" title=" preferences"> preferences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carob" title=" carob"> carob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crete" title=" Crete"> Crete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greece" title=" Greece"> Greece</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165346/consumer-preferences-concerning-food-from-carob-a-survey-in-crete-greece" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3073</span> Mesozooplankton in the Straits of Florida: Patterns in Biomass and Distribution </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharein%20El-Tourky">Sharein El-Tourky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharon%20Smith"> Sharon Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gary%20Hitchcock"> Gary Hitchcock</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effective fisheries management is necessarily dependent on the accuracy of fisheries models, which can be limited if they omit critical elements. One critical element in the formulation of these models is the trophic interactions at the larval stage of fish development. At this stage, fish mortality rates are at their peak and survival is often determined by resource limitation. Thus it is crucial to identify and quantify essential prey resources and determine how they vary in abundance and availability. The main resources larval fish consume are mesozooplankton. In the Straits of Florida, little is known about temporal and spatial variability of the mesozooplankton community despite its importance as a spawning ground for fish such as the Blue Marlin. To investigate mesozooplankton distribution patterns in the Straits of Florida, a transect of 16 stations from Miami to the Bahamas was sampled once a month in 2003 and 2004 at four depths. We found marked temporal and spatial variability in mesozooplankton biomass, diversity, and depth distribution. Mesozooplankton biomass peaked on the western boundary of the SOF and decreased gradually across the straits to a minimum at eastern stations. Midcurrent stations appeared to be a region of enhanced year-round variability, but limited seasonality. Examination of dominant zooplankton groups revealed groups could be parsed into 6 clusters based on abundance. Of these zooplankton groups, copepods were the most abundant zooplankton group, with the 20 most abundant species making up 86% of the copepod community. Copepod diversity was lowest at midcurrent stations and highest in the Eastern SOF. Interestingly, one copepods species, previously identified to compose up to 90% of larval blue marlin and sailfish diets in the SOF, had a mean abundance of less than 7%. However, the unique spatial and vertical distribution patterns of this copepod coincide with peak larval fish spawning periods and larval distribution, suggesting an important relationship requiring further investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesozooplankton%20biodiversity" title="mesozooplankton biodiversity">mesozooplankton biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=larval%20fish%20diet" title=" larval fish diet"> larval fish diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20web" title=" food web"> food web</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Straits%20of%20Florida" title=" Straits of Florida"> Straits of Florida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20distribution" title=" vertical distribution"> vertical distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatiotemporal%20variability" title=" spatiotemporal variability"> spatiotemporal variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-current%20comparisons" title=" cross-current comparisons"> cross-current comparisons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulf%20Stream" title=" Gulf Stream "> Gulf Stream </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14387/mesozooplankton-in-the-straits-of-florida-patterns-in-biomass-and-distribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3072</span> Neuro-Fuzzy Based Model for Phrase Level Emotion Understanding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vadivel%20Ayyasamy">Vadivel Ayyasamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present approach deals with the identification of Emotions and classification of Emotional patterns at Phrase-level with respect to Positive and Negative Orientation. The proposed approach considers emotion triggered terms, its co-occurrence terms and also associated sentences for recognizing emotions. The proposed approach uses Part of Speech Tagging and Emotion Actifiers for classification. Here sentence patterns are broken into phrases and Neuro-Fuzzy model is used to classify which results in 16 patterns of emotional phrases. Suitable intensities are assigned for capturing the degree of emotion contents that exist in semantics of patterns. These emotional phrases are assigned weights which supports in deciding the Positive and Negative Orientation of emotions. The approach uses web documents for experimental purpose and the proposed classification approach performs well and achieves good F-Scores. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotions" title="emotions">emotions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentences" title=" sentences"> sentences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phrases" title=" phrases"> phrases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patterns" title=" patterns"> patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title=" fuzzy"> fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20orientation" title=" positive orientation"> positive orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20orientation" title=" negative orientation "> negative orientation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62118/neuro-fuzzy-based-model-for-phrase-level-emotion-understanding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3071</span> Analysis of Street Utilization Patterns in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20D.%20Mngutyo">I. D. Mngutyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20T.%20Gyuse"> T. T. Gyuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20S.%20A.%20Alaci"> D. S. A. Alaci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Atser"> J. Atser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Streets are public spaces that are meaningful to all people because of lack of restriction on streets. Studies show that conditions, activities and people contribute to the success of public spaces. Also, self-organization potential in activity patterns offers a prospect for the revitalization of an urban area. This potential is mostly ignored hence many African streets appear disorganized giving African urban areas an unplanned look. Therefore, this study aims to analyze street utilization patterns and explore the relationship between the pattern of street use and condition of streets in Makurdi.These activity patterns form a data base for the revitalization of public space. Three major and minor arterials streets in nine out of the eleven wards that make up the built up part of Makurdi were purposively selected as units for measurement. A street activity audit was done on streets for activities that can be observed. For activities that cannot be easily observed 4 questionnaires were randomly administered on each of the three streets giving a total of 108 questionnaires. Multivariate statistical tools such as factor analysis and regression will be used to show emerging streets activity patterns and spatial variation among the nine wards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=streets" title="streets">streets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilization%20patterns" title=" utilization patterns"> utilization patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revitalization" title=" revitalization"> revitalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title=" urban"> urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=areas" title=" areas"> areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39770/analysis-of-street-utilization-patterns-in-makurdi-benue-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3070</span> The Environmental Influence on Slow Learners' Learning Achievement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niphattha%20Hannapha">Niphattha Hannapha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines how the classroom environment influences slow learners’ learning achievement; it focuses on how seating patterns affect students’ behaviours and which patterns best contribute to students’ learning performance. The researcher studied how slow learners’ characteristics and seating patterns influenced their behaviours and performance at Ban Hin Lad School. As a nonparticipant observation, the target groups included 15 slow learners from Prathomsueksa (Grades) 4 and 5. Students’ behaviours were recorded during their learning activities in order to minimize their reading and written expression disorder in Thai language tutorials. The result showed four seating patterns and two behaviors which obstructed students’ learning. The average of both behaviours mostly occurred when students were seated with patterns 1 (the seat facing the door, with the corridor alongside) and 3 (the seat alongside the door, facing the aisle) respectively. Seating patterns 1 and 3 demonstrated visibility (the front and side) of a walking path with two-way movement. However, seating patterns 2 (seating with the door alongside and the aisle at the back) and 4 (sitting with the door at the back and the aisle alongside) demonstrated visibility (the side) of a walking path with one-way movement. In Summary, environmental design is important to enhance concentration in slow learners who have reading and writing disabilities. This study suggests that students should be seated where they can have the least visibility of movement to help them increase continuous learning. That means they can have a better chance of developing reading and writing abilities in comparison with other patterns of seating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slow%20learning" title="slow learning">slow learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interior%20design" title=" interior design"> interior design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interior%20environment" title=" interior environment"> interior environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom" title=" classroom"> classroom</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76865/the-environmental-influence-on-slow-learners-learning-achievement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3069</span> Examination of the Main Behavioral Patterns of Male and Female Students in Islamic Azad University </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sobhan%20Sobhani">Sobhan Sobhani </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examined the behavioral patterns of student and their determinants according to the "symbolic interaction" sociological perspective in the form of 7 hypotheses. Behavioral patterns of students were classified in 8 categories: religious, scientific, political, artistic, sporting, national, parents and teachers. They were evaluated by student opinions by a five-point Likert rating scale. The statistical population included all male and female students of Islamic Azad University, Behabahan branch, among which 600 patients (268 females and 332 males) were selected randomly. The following statistical methods were used: frequency and percentage, mean, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multi-way analysis of variance. The results obtained from statistical analysis showed that: 1-There is a significant difference between male and female students in terms of disposition to religious figures, artists, teachers and parents. 2-There is a significant difference between students of urban and rural areas in terms of assuming behavioral patterns of religious, political, scientific, artistic, national figures and teachers. 3-The most important criterion for selecting behavioral patterns of students is intellectual understanding with the pattern. 4-The most important factor influencing the behavioral patterns of male and female students is parents followed by friends. 5-Boys are affected by teachers, the Internet and satellite programs more than girls. Girls assume behavioral patterns from books more than boys. 6-There is a significant difference between students in human sciences, technical, medical and engineering disciplines in terms of selecting religious and political figures as behavioral patterns. 7-There is a significant difference between students belonging to different subcultures in terms of assuming behavioral patterns of religious, scientific and cultural figures. 8-Between the first and fourth year students in terms of selecting behavioral patterns, there is a significant difference only in selecting religious figures. 9-There is a significant negative correlation between the education level of parents and the selection of religious and political figures and teachers. 10-There is a significant negative correlation between family income and the selection of political and religious figures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20patterns" title="behavioral patterns">behavioral patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20patterns" title=" behavioral patterns"> behavioral patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=male%20and%20female%20students" title=" male and female students"> male and female students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20Azad%20University" title=" Islamic Azad University"> Islamic Azad University</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6586/examination-of-the-main-behavioral-patterns-of-male-and-female-students-in-islamic-azad-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3068</span> Several Spectrally Non-Arbitrary Ray Patterns of Order 4</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ling%20Zhang">Ling Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Liu"> Feng Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A matrix is called a ray pattern matrix if its entries are either 0 or a ray in complex plane which originates from 0. A ray pattern <em>A </em>of order <em>n </em>is called spectrally arbitrary if the complex matrices in the ray pattern class of <em>A</em> give rise to all possible <em>n</em>th degree complex polynomial. Otherwise, it is said to be spectrally non-arbitrary ray pattern<em>.</em> We call that a spectrally arbitrary ray pattern <em>A </em>of order <em>n </em>is minimally spectrally arbitrary if any nonzero entry of <em>A</em> is replaced, then <em>A </em>is not spectrally arbitrary. In this paper, we find that is not spectrally arbitrary when n equals to 4 for any θ which is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n. In this article, we give several ray patterns A(θ) of order n that are not spectrally arbitrary for some θ which is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to n. by using the nilpotent-Jacobi method. One example is given in our paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrally%20arbitrary" title="spectrally arbitrary">spectrally arbitrary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nilpotent%20matrix" title=" nilpotent matrix "> nilpotent matrix </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ray%20patterns" title=" ray patterns"> ray patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sign%20patterns" title=" sign patterns"> sign patterns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108116/several-spectrally-non-arbitrary-ray-patterns-of-order-4" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> 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