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element</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: rare earth element"> <meta name="keywords" content="rare earth element"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="rare earth element"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4717</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: rare earth element</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4717</span> Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Gold-Rare Earth Compounds (Au-RE)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Krarchaa">H. Krarchaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ferroudj"> A. Ferroudj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents the results of thermodynamic properties of intermetallic rare earth-gold compounds at different stoichiometric structures. It mentions the existence of the AuRE AuRE2, Au2RE, Au51RE14, Au6RE, Au3RE and Au4RE phases in the majority of Au-RE phase diagrams. It's observed that equiatomic composition is a common compound for all gold rare earth alloys and it has the highest melting temperature. Enthalpies of the formation of studied compounds are calculated based on a new reformulation of Miedema’s model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20element" title="rare earth element">rare earth element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enthalpy%20of%20formation" title=" enthalpy of formation"> enthalpy of formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20properties" title=" thermodynamic properties"> thermodynamic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20model" title=" macroscopic model"> macroscopic model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191105/thermodynamic-properties-of-binary-gold-rare-earth-compounds-au-re" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4716</span> Rare Earth Element (REE) Geochemistry of Tepeköy Sandstones (Central Anatolia, Turkey)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Yavuz%20H%C3%BCseyinca">Mehmet Yavuz Hüseyinca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Euayip%20K%C3%BCpeli"> Şuayip Küpeli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandstones from Upper Eocene - Oligocene Tepeköy formation (Member of Mezgit Group) that exposed on the eastern edge of Tuz Gölü (Salt Lake) were analyzed for their rare earth element (REE) contents. Average concentrations of ΣREE, ΣLREE (Total light rare earth elements) and ΣHREE (Total heavy rare earth elements) were determined as 31.37, 26.47 and 4.55 ppm respectively. These values are lower than UCC (Upper continental crust) which indicates grain size and/or CaO dilution effect. The chondrite-normalized REE pattern is characterized by the average ratios of (La/Yb)cn = 6.20, (La/Sm)cn = 4.06, (Gd/Lu)cn = 1.10, Eu/Eu* = 0.99 and Ce/Ce* = 0.94. Lower values of ΣLREE/ΣHREE (Average 5.97) and (La/Yb)cn suggest lower fractionation of overall REE. Moreover (La/Sm)cn and (Gd/Lu)cn ratios define less inclined LREE and almost flat HREE pattern when compared with UCC. Almost no Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce*) emphasizes that REE were originated from terrigenous material. Also depleted LREE and no Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*) suggest an undifferentiated mafic provenance for the sandstones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20Anatolia" title="central Anatolia">central Anatolia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=provenance" title=" provenance"> provenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20elements" title=" rare earth elements"> rare earth elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=REE" title=" REE"> REE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tepek%C3%B6y%20sandstone" title=" Tepeköy sandstone"> Tepeköy sandstone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31994/rare-earth-element-ree-geochemistry-of-tepekoy-sandstones-central-anatolia-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4715</span> Fused Salt Electrolysis of Rare-Earth Materials from the Domestic Ore and Preparation of Rare-Earth Hydrogen Storage Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-Hyun%20Yoo">Jeong-Hyun Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanjung%20Kwon"> Hanjung Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Wook%20Cho"> Sung-Wook Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fused salt electrolysis was studied to make the high purity rare-earth metals using domestic rare-earth ore. The target metals of the fused salt electrolysis were Mm (Misch metal), La, Ce, Nd, etc. Fused salt electrolysis was performed with the supporting salt such as chloride and fluoride at the various temperatures and ampere. The metals made by fused salt electrolysis were analyzed to identify the phase and composition using the methods of XRD and ICP. As a result, the acquired rare-earth metals were the high purity ones which had more than 99% purity. Also, VIM (vacuum induction melting) was studied to make the kg level rare-earth alloy for the use of secondary battery and hydrogen storage. In order to indentify the physicochemical properties such as phase, impurity gas, alloy composition and hydrogen storage, the alloys were investigated. The battery characteristics were also analyzed through the various tests in the real production line of a battery company. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20rare-earth%20ore" title="domestic rare-earth ore">domestic rare-earth ore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fused%20salt%20electrolysis" title=" fused salt electrolysis"> fused salt electrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare-earth%20materials" title=" rare-earth materials"> rare-earth materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20storage%20alloy" title=" hydrogen storage alloy"> hydrogen storage alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20battery" title=" secondary battery"> secondary battery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17072/fused-salt-electrolysis-of-rare-earth-materials-from-the-domestic-ore-and-preparation-of-rare-earth-hydrogen-storage-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4714</span> Effect of Rare Earth Elements on Liquidity and Mechanical Properties of Phase Formation Reaction Change in Cast Iron by Cooling Curve Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Y.%20Park">S. Y. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Lee"> S. M. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Lee"> S. H. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Lim"> K. M. Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research analyzed the effects that phase formation reaction change in the grey cast iron makes on characteristics of microstructures, liquidity, and mechanical properties through cooling curve when adding rare earth elements (R.E). This research was analyzed with comparison between the case of not adding the rare earth elements (R.E) into the grey cast iron with the standard composition (as 3.3%C-2.1%Si-0.7%Mn-0.1%S) and the case of adding 0.3% rare earth elements (R.E). The thermal analysis parameters have been drawn through eutectic temperature theoretically calculated, recalescence temperature, and undercooling temperature measured from start of eutectic reaction to end of solidification in the cooling curve obtained by thermal analysis to analyze formation behavior of graphite, and the effects by addition of rare earth elements on this have been reviewed. When adding rare earth elements (R.E), the cause of liquidity slowdown was analyzed trough the solidification starting temperature and change of solidification ending temperature. The strength and hardness have been measured to evaluate the mechanical properties, and the sound tensile strength has been evaluated through quality coefficient after measuring relative hardness and normality degree of tensile strength by calculating theoretical tensile strength and theoretical hardness. The change of Pearlite Inter-lamellar Spacing of matrix microstructure and eutectic cell count of macrostructure was measured to analyze the effects of the rare earth elements on the sound tensile strength. The change of eutectic cell count has been clarified through activation of the eutectic reaction, and the cause of pearlite inter-lamellar spacing clarified through eutectoid reaction temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20curve" title="cooling curve">cooling curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=element" title=" element"> element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grey%20cast%20iron" title=" grey cast iron"> grey cast iron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20analysis" title=" thermal analysis"> thermal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20element" title=" rare earth element"> rare earth element</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29287/effect-of-rare-earth-elements-on-liquidity-and-mechanical-properties-of-phase-formation-reaction-change-in-cast-iron-by-cooling-curve-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4713</span> Separation of Rare-Earth Metals from E-Wastes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulsara%20%20Akanova">Gulsara Akanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akmaral%20Ismailova"> Akmaral Ismailova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duisek%20Kamysbayev"> Duisek Kamysbayev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The separation of rare earth metals (REM) from a neodymium magnet has been widely studied in the last year. The waste of computer hard disk contains 25.41 % neodymium, 64.09 % iron, and <<1 % boron. To further the separation of rare-earth metals, the magnet dissolved in open and closed systems with nitric acid. In the closed system, the magnet was dissolved in a microwave sample preparation system at different temperatures and pressures and the dissolution process lasted 1 hour. In the open system, the acid dissolution of the magnet was conducted at room temperature and the process lasted 30-40 minutes. To remove the iron in the magnet, oxalic acid was used and precipitated as oxalates under both conditions. For separation of rare earth metals (Nd, Pr and Dy) from magnet waste is used sorption method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissolution%20of%20the%20magnet" title="dissolution of the magnet">dissolution of the magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neodymium%20magnet" title=" Neodymium magnet"> Neodymium magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20metals" title=" rare earth metals"> rare earth metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sorption" title=" Sorption"> Sorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138763/separation-of-rare-earth-metals-from-e-wastes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138763.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4712</span> Adsorption of Cerium as One of the Rare Earth Elements Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes from Aqueous Solution: Modeling, Equilibrium and Kinetics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeb%20Ahmadi">Saeb Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Vafaie%20Sefti"> Mohsen Vafaie Sefti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mahdi%20Shadman"> Mohammad Mahdi Shadman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Tangestani"> Ebrahim Tangestani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbon nanotube has shown great potential for the removal of various inorganic and organic components due to properties such as large surface area and high adsorption capacity. Central composite design is widely used method for determining optimal conditions. Also due to the economic reasons and wide application, the rare earth elements are important components. The analyses of cerium (Ce(III)) adsorption as one of the Rare Earth Elements (REEs) adsorption on Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been studied. The optimization process was performed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum amount conditions were pH of 4.5, initial Ce (III) concentration of 90 mg/l and MWCNTs dosage of 80 mg. Under this condition, the optimum adsorption percentage of Ce (III) was obtained about 96%. Next, at the obtained optimum conditions the kinetic and isotherm studied and result showed the pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm are more fitted with experimental data than other models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerium" title="cerium">cerium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20element" title=" rare earth element"> rare earth element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MWCNTs" title=" MWCNTs"> MWCNTs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93022/adsorption-of-cerium-as-one-of-the-rare-earth-elements-using-multiwall-carbon-nanotubes-from-aqueous-solution-modeling-equilibrium-and-kinetics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4711</span> Flotation of Rare Earth Oxides from Iron-Oxide Silicate Rich Tailings Using Fatty Acids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20B.%20Abaka-Wood">George B. Abaka-Wood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Massimiliano%20%20Zanin"> Massimiliano Zanin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonas%20Addai-Mensah"> Jonas Addai-Mensah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Skinner"> William Skinner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The versatility of froth flotation has made it vital in the beneficiation of rare earth elements minerals from either high or low-grade ores. There has been a significant increase in the quantity of iron oxide silicate-rich tailings generated from the extraction of primary commodities such as copper and gold in Australia, which have been identified to contain very low-grade rare earth oxides (≤ 1%). There is a vast knowledge gap in the beneficiation of rare earth oxides from such tailings. The aim of this research is to investigate the feasibility of using fatty acids as collectors for the flotation recovery and upgrade of rare earth oxides from selected iron-oxide silicate-rich tailings. Two forms of fatty acid collectors (oleic acid and sodium oleate) were tested in this investigation. Flotation tests were carried out using a 1.2 L Denver D-12 cell. The effects of pulp pH, fatty acid dosage, particle size distribution (-150 +75 µm, -75 +38 µm and -38 µm) and conventional depressants (sodium silicate and starch) dosage on flotation recovery of rare earth oxides were investigated. A comparison of the flotation results indicated that sodium oleate was the more efficient fatty acid for rare earth oxides flotation at all the pulp pH investigated. The flotation performance was found to be particle size-dependent. Both sodium silicate and starch were unselective in decreasing the recovery of iron oxides and silicate minerals, respectively with the corresponding decrease in rare earth oxides recovery. Generally, iron oxides and silicate minerals formed the substantial fraction of the flotation concentrates obtained, both in the absence and presence of depressants, resulting in a generally low rare earth oxides upgrade, even though rare earth oxides recoveries were high. The flotation tests carried out on the tailings sample suggest the feasibility of rare earth oxides recovery using fatty acids, although particle size distribution and minerals liberation are key limiting factors in achieving selective rare earth oxides upgrade. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depressants" title="depressants">depressants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flotation" title=" flotation"> flotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oleic%20acid" title=" oleic acid"> oleic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20oleate" title=" sodium oleate"> sodium oleate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97243/flotation-of-rare-earth-oxides-from-iron-oxide-silicate-rich-tailings-using-fatty-acids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4710</span> A Study on Finite Element Modelling of Earth Retaining Wall Anchored by Deadman Anchor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20Chai">K. S. Chai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Chan"> S. H. Chan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the earth retaining wall anchored by discrete deadman anchor to support excavations in sand is modelled and analysed by finite element analysis. A study is conducted to examine how deadman anchorage system helps in reducing the deflection of earth retaining wall. A simplified numerical model is suggested in order to reduce the simulation duration. A comparison between 3-D and 2-D finite element analyses is illustrated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earth%20retaining%20wall" title=" earth retaining wall"> earth retaining wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deadman%20anchor" title=" deadman anchor"> deadman anchor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand" title=" sand"> sand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8554/a-study-on-finite-element-modelling-of-earth-retaining-wall-anchored-by-deadman-anchor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8554.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4709</span> Effect of Yb and Sm doping on Thermoluminescence and Optical Properties of LiF Nanophosphor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakesh%20Dogra">Rakesh Dogra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arun%20Kumar"> Arun Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvind%20Kumar%20Sharma"> Arvind Kumar Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports the thermoluminescence as well as optical properties of rare earth doped lithium fluoride (LiF) nanophosphor, synthesized via chemical route. The rare earth impurities (Yb and Sm) have been observed to increase the deep trap center capacity, which, in turn, enhance the radiation resistance of the LiF. This suggests the viability of these materials to be used as high dose thermoluminescent detectors at high temperature. Further, optical absorption measurements revealed the formation of radiation induced stable color centers in LiF at room temperature, which are independent of the rare earth dopant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20flouride" title="lithium flouride">lithium flouride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoluminescence" title=" thermoluminescence"> thermoluminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV-VIS%20spectroscopy" title=" UV-VIS spectroscopy"> UV-VIS spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gamma%20radiations" title=" Gamma radiations"> Gamma radiations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164905/effect-of-yb-and-sm-doping-on-thermoluminescence-and-optical-properties-of-lif-nanophosphor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4708</span> Structural and Optical Properties of Ce3+ Doped YPO4: Nanophosphors Synthesis by Sol Gel Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Kahouadji">B. Kahouadji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Guerbous"> L. Guerbous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Lamiri"> L. Lamiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mendoud"> A. Mendoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, nanomaterials are developed in the form of nano-films, nano-crystals and nano-pores. Lanthanide phosphates as a material find extensive application as laser, ceramic, sensor, phosphor, and also in optoelectronics, medical and biological labels, solar cells and light sources. Among the different kinds of rare-earth orthophosphates, yttrium orthophosphate has been shown to be an efficient host lattice for rare earth activator ions, which have become a research focus because of their important role in the field of light display systems, lasers, and optoelectronic devices. It is in this context that the 4fn- « 4fn-1 5d transitions of rare earth in insulating materials, lying in the UV and VUV, are the aim of large number of studies .Though there has been a few reports on Eu3+, Nd3+, Pr3+,Er3+, Ce3+, Tm3+ doped YPO4. The 4fn- « 4fn-1 5d transitions of the rare earth dependent to the host-matrix, several matrices ions were used to study these transitions, in this work we are suggesting to study on a very specific class of inorganic material that are orthophosphate doped with rare earth ions. This study focused on the effect of Ce3+ concentration on the structural and optical properties of Ce3+ doped YPO4 yttrium orthophosphate with powder form prepared by the Sol Gel method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YPO4" title="YPO4">YPO4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ce3%2B" title=" Ce3+"> Ce3+</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4fn-%20%3C-%3E4fn-1%205d%20transitions" title=" 4fn- <->4fn-1 5d transitions"> 4fn- <->4fn-1 5d transitions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scintillator" title=" scintillator"> scintillator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6700/structural-and-optical-properties-of-ce3-doped-ypo4-nanophosphors-synthesis-by-sol-gel-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4707</span> Sol-Gel Synthesis and Photoluminescent Properties of YPO4: Pr3+ Nanophosphors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badis%20Kahouadji">Badis Kahouadji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhdar%20Guerbous"> Lakhdar Guerbous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyes%20Lamiri"> Lyes Lamiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For many years, the luminescent materials were investigated principally in the infrared and visible areas, because the ultraviolet (UV) and especially in vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) are technically more difficult to explore, especially absence of applications requiring of materials suitable to short wavelengths.Recent necessary, related to the development of certain technologies, encouraged research in these spectra domains. It is in this context that the 4Fn-4Fn-1 5d transitions of rare earth in insulating materials, lying in the UV and VUV, are the aim of large number of studies. These studies relate in particular to search for new scintillator materials used for spectroscopy and X-ray, ɤ, as well as medical imaging. The 4Fn- 4Fn-15d transitions of the rare earth dependent to the host-matrix, several matrices ions were used to study these transitions, in this work we are suggeting to study on a very specific class of inorganic scintillators that are orthophosphate doped with rare earth ions, this study focused on the Pr3+ concentration on the structural and optical properties of Pr3+ doped YPO4 (yttriumorthophosphate) with powder form prepared by the Sol Gel method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth" title="rare earth">rare earth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scintillator" title=" scintillator"> scintillator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YPO4%3APr3%2B%20nanophosphors" title=" YPO4:Pr3+ nanophosphors"> YPO4:Pr3+ nanophosphors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol%20gel" title=" sol gel"> sol gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4Fn-4Fn-15d%20transitions" title=" 4Fn-4Fn-15d transitions"> 4Fn-4Fn-15d transitions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9048/sol-gel-synthesis-and-photoluminescent-properties-of-ypo4-pr3-nanophosphors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">602</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4706</span> Potential Application of Modified Diglycolamide Resin for Rare Earth Element Extraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junnile%20Romero">Junnile Romero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilhwan%20Park"> Ilhwan Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vannie%20Joy%20Resabal"> Vannie Joy Resabal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlito%20Tabelin"> Carlito Tabelin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Alorro"> Richard Alorro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leaniel%20Silva"> Leaniel Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Zoleta"> Joshua Zoleta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takunda%20Mandu"> Takunda Mandu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kosei%20Aikawa"> Kosei Aikawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayumi%20Ito"> Mayumi Ito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naoki%20Hiroyoshi"> Naoki Hiroyoshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rare earth elements (REE) play a vital role in technological advancement due to their unique physical and chemical properties essential for various renewable energy applications. However, this increasing demand represents a challenging task for sustainability that corresponds to various research interests relating to the development of various extraction techniques, particularly on the extractant being used. In this study, TK221 (a modified polymer resin containing diglycolamide, carbamoyl methyl phosphine oxide (CMPO), and diglycolamide (DGA-N)) has been investigated as a conjugate extractant. FTIR and SEM analysis results confirmed the presence of CMPO and DGA-N being coated onto the PS-DVB support of TK221. Moreover, the kinetic rate law and adsorption isotherm batch test was investigated to understand the corresponding adsorption mechanism. The results show that REEs’ (Nd, Y, Ce, and Er) obtained pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm, suggesting that the adsorption mechanism undergoes a single monolayer adsorption site via a chemisorption process. The Qmax values of Nd, Ce, Er, Y, and Fe were 45.249 mg/g, 43.103 mg/g, 35.088 mg/g, 15.552 mg/g, and 12.315 mg/g, respectively. This research further suggests that TK221 polymer resin can be used as an alternative absorbent material for an effective REE extraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20element" title="rare earth element">rare earth element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diglycolamide" title=" diglycolamide"> diglycolamide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction%20resin" title=" extraction resin"> extraction resin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161913/potential-application-of-modified-diglycolamide-resin-for-rare-earth-element-extraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4705</span> Deformability of the Rare Earth Metal Modified Metastable-β Alloy Ti-15Mo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Brunke">F. Brunke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Waalkes"> L. Waalkes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Siemers"> C. Siemers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to reduced stiffness, research on second generation titanium alloys for implant applications, like the metastable β-titanium alloy Ti-15Mo, become more and more important in the recent years. The machinability of these alloys is generally poor leading to problems during implant production and comparably large production costs. Therefore, in the present study, Ti 15Mo was alloyed with 0.8 wt.-% of the rare earth metals lanthanum (Ti-15Mo+0.8La) and neodymium (Ti-15Mo+0.8Nd) to improve its machinability. Their microstructure consisted of a titanium matrix and micrometer-size particles of the rare earth metals and two of their oxides. The particles stabilized the micro structure as grain growth was minimized. As especially the ductility might be affected by the precipitates, the behavior of Ti-15Mo+0.8La and Ti-15Mo+0.8Nd was investigated during static and dynamic deformation at elevated temperature to develop a processing route. The resulting mechanical properties (static strength and ductility) were similar in all investigated alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ti%2015Mo" title="Ti 15Mo">Ti 15Mo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium%20alloys" title=" titanium alloys"> titanium alloys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20metals" title=" rare earth metals"> rare earth metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20machining%20alloy" title=" free machining alloy "> free machining alloy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10012/deformability-of-the-rare-earth-metal-modified-metastable-v-alloy-ti-15mo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4704</span> Structural and Magnetic Properties of CoFe2O4:Nd3+/Dy3+/Pr3+/Gd3+ Nanoparticles Synthesized by Starch-Assisted Sol-Gel Auto-Combustion Method and Annealing Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raghvendra%20Singh%20Yadav">Raghvendra Singh Yadav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivo%20Ku%C5%99itka"> Ivo Kuřitka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaromir%20Havlica"> Jaromir Havlica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuzana%20Kozakova"> Zuzana Kozakova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiri%20Masilko"> Jiri Masilko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukas%20Kalina"> Lukas Kalina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miroslava%20Hajd%C3%BAchov%C3%A1"> Miroslava Hajdúchová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vojt%C4%9Bch%20Enev"> Vojtěch Enev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaromir%20Wasserbauer"> Jaromir Wasserbauer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we investigated the structural and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4:Nd3+/Dy3+/Pr3+/Gd3+ nanoparticles synthesized by starch-assisted sol-gel combustion method. X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the formation of cubic spinel structure of rare-earth ions (Nd3+, Dy3+, Pr3+, Gd3+) doped CoFe2O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles. Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy study also confirmed cubic spinel structure of rare-earth ions (Nd3+, Dy3+, Pr3+, Gd3+) substituted CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The field emission scanning electron microscopy study revealed the effect of annealing temperature on size of rare-earth ions (Nd3+, Dy3+, Pr3+, Gd3+) substituted CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and particles were in the range of 10-100 nm. The magnetic properties of rare-earth ions (Nd3+, Dy3+, Pr3+, Gd3+) substituted CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were investigated by using vibrating sample magnetometer. The variation in saturation magnetization, coercivity and remanent magnetization with annealing temperature/ particle size of rare-earth ions (Nd3+, Dy3+, Pr3+, Gd3+) substituted CoFe2O4 nanoparticles was observed. Acknowledgment: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic – Program NPU I (LO1504). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=starch" title="starch">starch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel%20combustion%20method" title=" sol-gel combustion method"> sol-gel combustion method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare-earth%20ions" title=" rare-earth ions"> rare-earth ions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinel%20ferrite%20nanoparticles" title=" spinel ferrite nanoparticles"> spinel ferrite nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20properties" title=" magnetic properties"> magnetic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57632/structural-and-magnetic-properties-of-cofe2o4nd3dy3pr3gd3-nanoparticles-synthesized-by-starch-assisted-sol-gel-auto-combustion-method-and-annealing-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4703</span> Magnetic Properties of Layered Rare-Earth Oxy-Carbonates Ln2O2CO3 (Ln = Nd, Sm, and Dy)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Arjun">U. Arjun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Brinda"> K. Brinda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Padmanabhan"> M. Padmanabhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Nath"> R. Nath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polycrystalline samples of rare-earth oxy-carbonates Ln2O2CO3 (Ln = Nd, Sm, and Dy) are synthesized, and their structural and magnetic properties are investigated. All of them crystallize in a hexagonal structure with space group P6_3/mmc. They form a double layered structure with frustrated triangular arrangement of rare-earth magnetic ions. An antiferromagnetic transition is observed at TN ≈ 1.25 K, 0.61 K, and 1.21 K for Nd2O2CO3, Sm2O2CO3, and Dy2O2CO3, respectively. From the analysis of magnetic susceptibility, the value of the Curie-Weiss temperature θ_CW is obtained to be ≈ 21.7 K, 18 K, and 10.6 K for Nd2O2CO3, Sm2O2CO3, and Dy2O2CO3, respectively. The magnetic frustration parameter f ( = |θ_CW|/T_N) is calculated to be ≈ 17.4, 31, and 8.8 for Nd2O2CO3, Sm2O2CO3, and Dy2O2CO3, respectively which indicates that Sm2O2CO3 is strongly frustrated compared to its Nd and Dy analogues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20synthesis" title="chemical synthesis">chemical synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20and%20superexchange" title=" exchange and superexchange"> exchange and superexchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20capacity" title=" heat capacity"> heat capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetically%20ordered%20materials" title=" magnetically ordered materials"> magnetically ordered materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51205/magnetic-properties-of-layered-rare-earth-oxy-carbonates-ln2o2co3-ln-nd-sm-and-dy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4702</span> Determination of Rare Earth Element Patterns in Uranium Matrix for Nuclear Forensics Application: Method Development for Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) Measurements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernadett%20Henn">Bernadett Henn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katalin%20T%C3%A1los"> Katalin Tálos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%89va%20Kov%C3%A1ss%20Sz%C3%A9les"> Éva Kováss Széles</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the last 50 years, the worldwide permeation of the nuclear techniques induces several new problems in the environmental and in the human life. Nowadays, due to the increasing of the risk of terrorism worldwide, the potential occurrence of terrorist attacks using also weapon of mass destruction containing radioactive or nuclear materials as e.g. dirty bombs, is a real threat. For instance, the uranium pellets are one of the potential nuclear materials which are suitable for making special weapons. The nuclear forensics mainly focuses on the determination of the origin of the confiscated or found nuclear and other radioactive materials, which could be used for making any radioactive dispersive device. One of the most important signatures in nuclear forensics to find the origin of the material is the determination of the rare earth element patterns (REE) in the seized or found radioactive or nuclear samples. The concentration and the normalized pattern of the REE can be used as an evidence of uranium origin. The REE are the fourteen Lanthanides in addition scandium and yttrium what are mostly found together and really low concentration in uranium pellets. The problems of the REE determination using ICP-MS technique are the uranium matrix (high concentration of uranium) and the interferences among Lanthanides. In this work, our aim was to develop an effective chemical sample preparation process using extraction chromatography for separation the uranium matrix and the rare earth elements from each other following some publications can be found in the literature and modified them. Secondly, our purpose was the optimization of the ICP-MS measuring process for REE concentration. During method development, in the first step, a REE model solution was used in two different types of extraction chromatographic resins (LN® and TRU®) and different acidic media for environmental testing the Lanthanides separation. Uranium matrix was added to the model solution and was proved in the same conditions. Methods were tested and validated using REE UOC (uranium ore concentrate) reference materials. Samples were analyzed by sector field mass spectrometer (ICP-SFMS). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction%20chromatography" title="extraction chromatography">extraction chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20forensics" title=" nuclear forensics"> nuclear forensics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20elements" title=" rare earth elements"> rare earth elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uranium" title=" uranium"> uranium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65444/determination-of-rare-earth-element-patterns-in-uranium-matrix-for-nuclear-forensics-application-method-development-for-inductively-coupled-plasma-mass-spectrometry-icp-ms-measurements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4701</span> Luminescence and Local Environment: Identification of Thermal History</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veronique%20Jubera">Veronique Jubera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillaume%20Salek"> Guillaume Salek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuel%20Gaudon"> Manuel Gaudon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alain%20Garcia"> Alain Garcia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alain%20Demourgues"> Alain Demourgues</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Luminescence of transition metal and rare earth elements cover ultraviolet to far infrared wavelengths. Applications of phosphors are numerous. One can cite lighting, sensing, laser, energy, medical or military applications. But regarding each domain, specific criteria are required and they can be achieved with a strong control of the chemical composition. Emission of doped materials can be tailored with modifications of the local environment of the cations. For instance, the increase of the crystal field effect shifts the divalent manganese radiative transitions from the green to the red color. External factor as heat-treatment can induce changes of the doping element location or modify the unit cell crystalline symmetry. By controlling carefully the synthesis route, it is possible to initiate emission shift and to establish the thermal history of a compound. We propose to demonstrate through the luminescence of divalent manganese and trivalent rare earth doped oxide, that it is possible to follow the thermal history of a material. After optimization of the synthesis route, structural and optical properties are discussed. Finally, thermal calibration graphs are successfully established on these doped compounds. This makes these materials promising probe for thermal sensing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission" title="emission">emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20sensing" title=" thermal sensing"> thermal sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20metal" title=" transition metal"> transition metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20eath%20element" title=" rare eath element"> rare eath element</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60286/luminescence-and-local-environment-identification-of-thermal-history" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4700</span> Study of Adsorption Isotherm Models on Rare Earth Elements Biosorption for Separation Purposes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nice%20Vasconcelos%20Coimbra">Nice Vasconcelos Coimbra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F%C3%A1bio%20dos%20Santos%20Gon%C3%A7alves"> Fábio dos Santos Gonçalves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marisa%20Nascimento"> Marisa Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellen%20Cristine%20Giese"> Ellen Cristine Giese</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of chemical routes for the recovery and separation of rare earth elements (REE) is seen as a priority and strategic action by several countries demanding these elements. Among the possibilities of alternative routes, the biosorption process has been evaluated in our laboratory. In this theme, the present work attempts to assess and fit the solution equilibrium data in Langmuir, Freundlich and DKR isothermal models, based on the biosorption results of the lanthanum and samarium elements by <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> immobilized on calcium alginate gel. It was observed that the preference of adsorption of REE by the immobilized biomass followed the order Sm (III)> La (III). It can be concluded that among the studied isotherms models, the Langmuir model presented better mathematical results than the Freundlich and DKR models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20elements" title="rare earth elements">rare earth elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosorption" title=" biosorption"> biosorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus%20subtilis" title=" Bacillus subtilis"> Bacillus subtilis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption%20isotherm%20models" title=" adsorption isotherm models"> adsorption isotherm models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95469/study-of-adsorption-isotherm-models-on-rare-earth-elements-biosorption-for-separation-purposes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4699</span> Super-Exchange Coupling in Oxygen Rich Rare-Earth Based Sm₂MnRuO₆₊δ Double Perovskite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Nqayi">S. Nqayi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Sondezi"> B. Sondezi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A rare-earth-based Sm₂MnRuO₆₊δ (SMRO) double perovskite was prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction. The structural, morphological, chemical, thermodynamic, and magnetic properties were measured with X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), respectively. The XRD revealed a tetragonal structure belonging to the I4/mmm space group, number 139, with linear Mn−O−Ru bonds. Replacing the well-studied alkaline earth metal with a rare-earth element increased the Mn-O bond length difference between the shorter equatorial (Mn-Oab) and the axial (Mn-Oc) bonds by approximately 6.3%. The elemental composition showed an O-rich double perovskite with a Ru deficit, which encourages the formation of a Ru⁶⁺ (d²) state. XPS spectra of Sm-3d, Ru-3d, and Mn-2p revealed the coexistence of a double oxidation state for each cation; Sm²⁺, Sm³⁺, Ru³⁺, Ru⁶⁺, Mn²⁺ , and Mn³⁺, in varying proportions. Entropy studies showed drastic ordering of spins at low temperatures (up to 12.4 K), whilst increasing temperatures above this point resulted in a drastic increase of disorder of the spins (up to 43.26 K), beyond which a constant slope of entropy is observed. Magnetic measurements revealed two magnetic ground states at TN = 12.4 K and TC = 43.3 K ordering antiferromagnetically (AFM) and ferromagnetically (FM), respectively. Kneller fit further showed that the materials become completely paramagnetic at TB = 88.1 K, (the blocking temperature). The existence of ferromagnetic (FM) super-exchange coupling in this work originating from Mn³⁺ (t³₂𝓰e¹𝓰)−O−Ru³⁺ (t⁵₂𝓰e⁰𝓰) and Mn²⁺ (t³₂𝓰e²𝓰−O−Ru⁶⁺ (t²₂𝓰e⁰𝓰) which plays an important role in suppressing the Mn/Ru−O−Mn/Ru antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid-state%20reaction" title="solid-state reaction">solid-state reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-exchange%20coupling" title=" super-exchange coupling"> super-exchange coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetic" title=" ferromagnetic"> ferromagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kneller%E2%80%99s%20law" title=" Kneller’s law"> Kneller’s law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191534/super-exchange-coupling-in-oxygen-rich-rare-earth-based-sm2mnruo6d-double-perovskite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">20</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4698</span> Synthesis of Rare-Earth Pyrazolate Compounds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazli%20Eslamirad">Nazli Eslamirad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20C.%20Junk"> Peter C. Junk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Wang"> Jun Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glen%20B.%20Deacon"> Glen B. Deacon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since coordination behavior of pyrazoles and pyrazolate ions are widely versatile towards a great range of metals such as d-block, f-block as well as main group elements; they attract interest as ligands for preparing compounds. A variety of rare-earth pyrazolate complexes have been synthesized by redox transmetalation/protolysis (RTP) previously, therefore, a variety of rare-earth pyrazolate complexes using two pyrazoles, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (Me₂pzH) and 3,5-di-tert -butylpyrazolate (t-Bu₂pzH), in which the structures span the whole La-Lu array beside Sc and Y has been synthesized by RTP reaction. There have been further developments in this study: Synthesizing structure of [Tb(Me₂pz)₃(thf)]₂ which is isomorphous with those of the previously reported [Dy(Me₂pz)₃(thf)]₂ and [Lu(Me₂pz)₃(thf)]₂ analogous that has two µ-1(N):2(Nʹ)-Me2pz ligands (the most common pyrazolate ligation for non-rare-earth complexes). Previously most of the reported compounds using t-Bu2pzH were monomeric compounds however the lanthanum derivative [La(Me₂pz)₃thf₂] ,which has been reported previously without crystal structure, has now been structurally characterized, along with cerium and lutetium analogue. Also a polymeric structure with samarium has now been synthesized which the neodymium analogue has been reported previously and comparing these polymeric structures can support the idea that the geometry of Sm(tBu₂pz)₃ affect the coordination of the solvent. Also, by using 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) instead of tetrahydrofuran (THF) new [Er(tBu₂pz)₃ (dme)₂] has now been reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lanthanoid%20complexes" title="lanthanoid complexes">lanthanoid complexes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrazolate" title=" pyrazolate"> pyrazolate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redox%20transmetalation%2Fprotolysis" title=" redox transmetalation/protolysis"> redox transmetalation/protolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=x-ray%20crystal%20structures" title=" x-ray crystal structures"> x-ray crystal structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74197/synthesis-of-rare-earth-pyrazolate-compounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4697</span> Novel Spoke-Type BLDC Motor Design for Cost Effective and High Power Density</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suyong%20Kim">Suyong Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently because of the rise in the price of rare earth magnet, interest of non-rare earth or less-rare earth motor is growing. Especially to achieve the high power density, Spoke-Type BLDC (Brushless Permanent Magnet) Motor with ferrite permanent magnet are spotlighted. But Spoke-Type Ferrite BLDC Motor has much of magnetic flux leakage in the direction of rotor shaft. In order to solve this problem, there are two conventional ways. But conventional ways bring the increases of product cost or the decreases of the power density. Therefore, this paper proposes new Spoke-Type BLDC Rotor shape that has the advantages of both conventional methods. The new shape is consists of a one-piece core. The inside and the outside of the rotor are open alternately. So it can take reduced production cost and high power density. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor" title="motor">motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BLDC" title=" BLDC"> BLDC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spoke" title=" spoke"> spoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferrite" title=" ferrite"> ferrite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26835/novel-spoke-type-bldc-motor-design-for-cost-effective-and-high-power-density" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">573</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4696</span> Atomic Hydrogen Storage in Hexagonal GdNi5 and GdNi4Cu Rare Earth Compounds: A Comparative Density Functional Theory Study </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kellou">A. Kellou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Rouaiguia"> L. Rouaiguia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Rabahi"> L. Rabahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work, the atomic hydrogen absorption trend in the GdNi5 and GdNi4Cu rare earth compounds within the hexagonal CaCu5 type of crystal structure (space group P6/mmm) is investigated. The density functional theory (DFT) combined with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) is used to study the site preference of atomic hydrogen at 0K. The octahedral and tetrahedral interstitial sites are considered. The formation energies and structural properties are determined in order to evaluate hydrogen effects on the stability of the studied compounds. The energetic diagram of hydrogen storage is established and compared in GdNi5 and GdNi4Cu. The magnetic properties of the selected compounds are determined using spin polarized calculations. The obtained results are discussed with and without hydrogen addition taking into account available theoretical and experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20functional%20theory" title="density functional theory">density functional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20storage" title=" hydrogen storage"> hydrogen storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20compounds" title=" rare earth compounds"> rare earth compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20and%20magnetic%20properties" title=" structural and magnetic properties"> structural and magnetic properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113034/atomic-hydrogen-storage-in-hexagonal-gdni5-and-gdni4cu-rare-earth-compounds-a-comparative-density-functional-theory-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4695</span> Optimization of High Flux Density Design for Permanent Magnet Motor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Woo%20Kang">Dong-Woo Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an optimal magnet shape of a spoke-shaped interior permanent magnet synchronous motor by using ferrite magnets. Generally, the permanent magnet motor used the ferrite magnets has lower output power and efficiency than a rare-earth magnet motor, because the ferrite magnet has lower magnetic energy than the rare-earth magnet. Nevertheless, the ferrite magnet motor is used to many industrial products owing to cost effectiveness. In this paper, the authors propose a high power density design of the ferrite permanent magnet synchronous motor. Furthermore, because the motor design has to be taken a manufacturing process into account, the design is simulated by using the finite element method for analyzing the demagnetization, the magnetizing, and the structure stiffness. Especially, the magnet shape and dimensions are decided for satisfying these properties. Finally, the authors design an optimal motor for applying our system. That final design is manufactured and evaluated from experimentations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demagnetization" title="demagnetization">demagnetization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20optimization" title=" design optimization"> design optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20analysis" title=" magnetic analysis"> magnetic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20magnet%20motors" title=" permanent magnet motors"> permanent magnet motors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51581/optimization-of-high-flux-density-design-for-permanent-magnet-motor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4694</span> Conventional Synthesis and Characterization of Zirconium Molybdate, Nd2Zr3(MoO4)9 </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20%C3%87elik%20G%C3%BCl">G. Çelik Gül</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Kurtulu%C5%9F"> F. Kurtuluş</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rare earths containing complex metal oxides have drawn much attention due to physical, chemical and optical properties which make them feasible in so many areas such as non-linear optical materials and ion exchanger. We have researched a systematic study to obtain rare earth containing zirconium molybdate compound, characterization, investigation of crystal system and calculation of unit cell parameters.  After a successful synthesis of Nd<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>3</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>9</sub> which is a member of rare earth metal containing complex oxides family, X-ray diffraction (XRD), High Score Plus/Rietveld refinement analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were completed to determine the crystal structure. Morphological properties and elemental composition were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Thermal properties were observed via Thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nd%E2%82%82Zr%E2%82%83%28MoO%E2%82%84%29%E2%82%89" title="Nd₂Zr₃(MoO₄)₉">Nd₂Zr₃(MoO₄)₉</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powder%20x-ray%20diffraction" title=" powder x-ray diffraction"> powder x-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20synthesis" title=" solid state synthesis"> solid state synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zirconium%20molybdates" title=" zirconium molybdates"> zirconium molybdates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60836/conventional-synthesis-and-characterization-of-zirconium-molybdate-nd2zr3moo49" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4693</span> Thermodynamic Approach of Lanthanide-Iron Double Oxides Formation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vera%20Varazashvili">Vera Varazashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murman%20Tsarakhov"> Murman Tsarakhov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamar%20Mirianashvili"> Tamar Mirianashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teimuraz%20Pavlenishvili"> Teimuraz Pavlenishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tengiz%20Machaladze"> Tengiz Machaladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mzia%20Khundadze"> Mzia Khundadze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔGfor(298.15) of lanthanide-iron double oxides of garnet-type crystal structure R3Fe5O12 - RIG (R – are rare earth ions) from initial oxides are evaluated. The calculation is based on the data of standard entropies S298.15 and standard enthalpies ΔH298.15 of formation of compounds which are involved in the process of garnets synthesis. Gibbs energy of formation is presented as temperature function ΔGfor(T) for the range 300-1600K. The necessary starting thermodynamic data were obtained from calorimetric study of heat capacity – temperature functions and by using the semi-empirical method for calculation of ΔH298.15 of formation. Thermodynamic functions for standard temperature – enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy - are recommended as reference data for technological evaluations. Through the isostructural series of rare earth-iron garnets the correlation between thermodynamic properties and characteristics of lanthanide ions are elucidated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calorimetry" title="calorimetry">calorimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enthalpy" title=" enthalpy"> enthalpy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20capacity" title=" heat capacity"> heat capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gibbs%20energy%20of%20formation" title=" gibbs energy of formation"> gibbs energy of formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20iron%20garnets" title=" rare earth iron garnets"> rare earth iron garnets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28939/thermodynamic-approach-of-lanthanide-iron-double-oxides-formation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28939.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4692</span> Standard Gibbs Energy of Formation and Entropy of Lanthanide-Iron Oxides of Garnet Crystal Structure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vera%20Varazashvili">Vera Varazashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murman%20Tsarakhov"> Murman Tsarakhov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamar%20Mirianashvili"> Tamar Mirianashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teimuraz%20Pavlenishvili"> Teimuraz Pavlenishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tengiz%20Machaladze"> Tengiz Machaladze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mzia%20Khundadze"> Mzia Khundadze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Standard Gibbs energy of formation ΔGfor(298.15) of lanthanide-iron double oxides of garnet-type crystal structure R3Fe5O12 - RIG (R – are rare earth ions) from initial oxides are evaluated. The calculation is based on the data of standard entropies S298.15 and standard enthalpies ΔH298.15 of formation of compounds which are involved in the process of garnets synthesis. Gibbs energy of formation is presented as temperature function ΔGfor(T) for the range 300-1600K. The necessary starting thermodynamic data were obtained from calorimetric study of heat capacity and by using the semi-empirical method for calculation of ΔH298.15 (formation). Thermodynamic functions for standard temperature – enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy - are recommended as reference data for technological evaluations. Through the isostructural series of rare earth-iron garnets the correlation between thermodynamic properties and characteristics of lanthanide ions are elucidated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calorimetry" title="calorimetry">calorimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20capacity" title=" heat capacity"> heat capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gibbs%20energy%20of%20formation" title=" Gibbs energy of formation"> Gibbs energy of formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20iron%20garnets" title=" rare earth iron garnets"> rare earth iron garnets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28451/standard-gibbs-energy-of-formation-and-entropy-of-lanthanide-iron-oxides-of-garnet-crystal-structure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4691</span> The Effect of Addition of Some Rare Earth Materials to Zinc Aluminum Alloy ZA-22</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnan%20I.%20O.%20Zaid">Adnan I. O. Zaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zinc aluminum alloys are versatile materials which are widely used in manufacturing several parts in the automobile and aircraft industries. The effect of grain refinement of these alloys by rare earth elements on their mechanical characteristics is scarce. The equal channel angular pressing is relatively recent method for producing severe plastic deformation in materials subjected to it resulting in refinement of their structure and enhancement of their mechanical characteristics. The phase diagram of these alloys indicates that large dendrites of large grain size can be formed during their solidification of the cast which tends to deteriorate their mechanical strength and surface quality. To overcome this problem they are normally grain refined by either titanium or titanium + boron to their melt prior to solidification. In this paper, comparison between the effect of adding either titanium, (Ti), titanium+boron, (Ti+B), or Molybdenum, Mo, to zinc-aluminum22, alloy, (ZA22) on its metallurgical and mechanical characteristics in the cast condition and after pressing by the ECAP process is investigated. It was found that addition of either Ti, Ti+B, or Mo to the ZA22 alloy in the cast condition resulted in refining of their structure being more refined by the addition of Mo, then .Ti+B and less refining by Ti addition. Furthermore, the ECAP process resulted in further refinement of the alloy micro structure except in case of Ti+B addition where poisoning i.e. coarsening of the grains has occurred. Regarding the addition of these element on the mechanical behavior; it was found that addition of Ti Or Ti+B resulted in little enhancement of the alloy strength factor and its flow stress at 20% true strain; whereas, the addition of resulted in deteriorating of its mechanical behavior as % decrease in the strength factor and % in its flow stress of 20%. As for the strain hardening index; addition of any of these elements resulted in decreasing the strain hardening index. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=addition" title="addition">addition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grain%20refinement" title=" grain refinement"> grain refinement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20characteristics" title=" mechanical characteristics"> mechanical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20elements" title=" rare earth elements"> rare earth elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZA-22" title=" ZA-22"> ZA-22</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zinc-%20aluminum%20alloy" title=" Zinc- aluminum alloy "> Zinc- aluminum alloy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34046/the-effect-of-addition-of-some-rare-earth-materials-to-zinc-aluminum-alloy-za-22" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34046.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4690</span> Recovery of Rare Earths and Scandium from in situ Leaching Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxim%20S.%20Botalov">Maxim S. Botalov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlana%20%D0%9C.%20Titova"> Svetlana М. Titova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20V.%20Smyshlyaev"> Denis V. Smyshlyaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grigory%20M.%20Bunkov"> Grigory M. Bunkov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evgeny%20V.%20Kirillov"> Evgeny V. Kirillov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20V.%20Kirillov"> Sergey V. Kirillov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxim%20A.%20Mashkovtsev"> Maxim A. Mashkovtsev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20N.%20Rychkov"> Vladimir N. Rychkov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In uranium production, in-situ leaching (ISL) with its relatively low cost has become an important technology. As the orebody containing uranium most often contains a considerable value of other metals, particularly rare earth metals it has rendered feasible to recover the REM from the barren ISL solutions, from which the major uranium content has been removed. Ural Federal University (UrFU, Ekaterinburg, Russia) have performed joint research on the development of industrial technologies for the extraction of REM and Scandium compounds from Uranium ISL solutions. Leaching experiments at UrFU have been supported with multicomponent solution model. The experimental work combines solvent extraction with advanced ion exchange methodology in a pilot facility capable of treating 500 kg/hr of solids. The pilot allows for the recovery of a 99% concentrate of scandium oxide and collective concentrate with over 50 % REM content, with further recovery of heavy and light REM concentrates (99%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title="extraction">extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ion%20exchange" title=" ion exchange"> ion exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20elements" title=" rare earth elements"> rare earth elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scandium" title=" scandium"> scandium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88125/recovery-of-rare-earths-and-scandium-from-in-situ-leaching-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4689</span> Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys with Addition of Rare Earth Elements for Biomedical Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuncang%20Li">Yuncang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cuie%20Wen"> Cuie Wen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biodegradable metallic materials such as magnesium (Mg)-based alloys have attracted extensive interest for use as bone implant materials. However, the high biodegradation rate of existing Mg alloys in the physiological environment of human body leads to losing mechanical integrity before adequate bone healing and producing a large volume of hydrogen gas. Therefore, slowing down the biodegradation rate of Mg alloys is a critical task in developing new biodegradable Mg alloy implant materials. One of the most effective approaches to achieve this is to strategically design new Mg alloys with low biodegradation rate, excellent biocompatibility, and enhanced mechanical properties. Our research selected biocompatible and biofunctional alloying elements such as zirconium (Zr), strontium (Sr), and rare earth elements (REEs) to alloy Mg and has developed a new series of Mg-Zr-Sr-REEs alloys for biodegradable implant applications. Research results indicated that Sr and Zr additions could refine the grain size, decrease the biodegradation rate, and enhance the biological behaviors of the Mg alloys. The REE addition, such as holmium (Ho) and dysprosium (Dy) to Mg-Zr-Sr alloys resulted in enhanced mechanical strength and decreased biodegradation rate. In addition, Ho and Dy additions (≤ 5 wt.%) to Mg-Zr-Sr alloys led to enhancement of cell adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast cells on the Mg-Zr-Sr-Ho/Dy alloys. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocompatibility" title="biocompatibility">biocompatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium" title=" magnesium"> magnesium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20and%20biodegrade%20properties" title=" mechanical and biodegrade properties"> mechanical and biodegrade properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20elements" title=" rare earth elements"> rare earth elements</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113098/biodegradable-magnesium-alloys-with-addition-of-rare-earth-elements-for-biomedical-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4688</span> Theoretical Study of the Structural and Elastic Properties of Semiconducting Rare Earth Chalcogenide Sm1-XEuXS under Pressure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Dubey">R. Dubey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sarwan"> M. Sarwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Singh"> S. Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have investigated the phase transition pressure and associated volume collapse in Sm1– X EuX S alloy (0≤x≤1) which shows transition from discontinuous to continuous as x is reduced. The calculated results from present approach are in good agreement with experimental data available for the end point members (x=0 and x=1). The results for the alloy counter parts are also in fair agreement with experimental data generated from the vegard’s law. An improved interaction potential model has been developed which includes coulomb, three body interaction, polarizability effect and overlap repulsive interaction operative up to second neighbor ions. It is found that the inclusion of polarizability effect has improved our results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20constants" title="elastic constants">elastic constants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure" title=" high pressure"> high pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transition" title=" phase transition"> phase transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rare%20earth%20compound" title=" rare earth compound"> rare earth compound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30429/theoretical-study-of-the-structural-and-elastic-properties-of-semiconducting-rare-earth-chalcogenide-sm1-xeuxs-under-pressure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span 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