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<li id="toc-Ottoman_Period_(15th–18th_century)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottoman_Period_(15th–18th_century)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Ottoman Period (15th–18th century)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_Period_(15th–18th_century)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muhammad_Ali_era_(18th_century)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muhammad_Ali_era_(18th_century)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Muhammad Ali era (18th century)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muhammad_Ali_era_(18th_century)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Albanian_national_awakening" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albanian_national_awakening"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> 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class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Albania–Egypt relations</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Albania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations%22">"Albania–Egypt relations"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Albania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Albania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Albania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Albania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Albania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bilateral relations</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Albania–Egypt relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albania_Egypt_Locator.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Albania and Egypt"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Albania and Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Albania_Egypt_Locator.png/250px-Albania_Egypt_Locator.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Albania_Egypt_Locator.png/375px-Albania_Egypt_Locator.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Albania_Egypt_Locator.png/500px-Albania_Egypt_Locator.png 2x" data-file-width="988" data-file-height="542" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/63px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/84px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/68px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/90px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Diplomatic mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center">Embassy of Albania, <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;">Embassy of Egypt, <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> have cordial and cooperative relations. Albania has an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, and Egypt has an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diplomatic relations between Albania and Egypt were established in 1958. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both countries are members of <a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a>. </p><p>The history of political and military relations of Albanians and Egypt dates back to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Times">Roman Times</a> in ancient history. The founding father of modern Egypt, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt" title="Muhammad Ali of Egypt">Muhammad Ali</a>, is believed to be Albanian. He became governor, and self-declared viceroy of <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a> temporary approval. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_Period_(15th–18th_century)"><span id="Ottoman_Period_.2815th.E2.80.9318th_century.29"></span>Ottoman Period (15th–18th century)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ottoman Period (15th–18th century)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Relations became closer in Ottoman times when the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> took over Egypt in the early 16th century. Ottoman Albanians gave their contribution to the Ottoman conquest of Egypt, and many governors of this Ottoman province were Albanian. The Ottoman government in Egypt came to rely on Albanians to staff their government, and Albanians soon made up much of the military and special <a href="/wiki/Bashi-bazouk" title="Bashi-bazouk">bashi-bazouk</a> units. Several Albanians even rose to the office of governor, the most famous of which were  Dukakinzade Mehmed Pasha, <a href="/wiki/Koca_Sinan_Pasha" title="Koca Sinan Pasha">Koca Sinan Pasha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abdurrahman_Abdi_Arnavut_Pasha" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdurrahman Abdi Arnavut Pasha">Abdurrahman Abdi Arnavut Pasha</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mere_H%C3%BCseyin_Pasha" title="Mere Hüseyin Pasha">Mere Hüseyin Pasha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muhammad_Ali_era_(18th_century)"><span id="Muhammad_Ali_era_.2818th_century.29"></span>Muhammad Ali era (18th century)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Muhammad Ali era (18th century)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Albania–Egypt relations">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt" title="Muhammad Ali of Egypt">Muhammad Ali</a>, founder of Modern Egypt, was an Albanian. At the height of his rule, he controlled <a href="/wiki/Lower_Egypt" title="Lower Egypt">Lower Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sudan_(region)" title="Sudan (region)">Sudan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia">parts of Arabia</a> and the entire <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>. </p><p>He was a military commander in an Albanian Ottoman force sent to recover Egypt from a <a href="/wiki/French_campaign_in_Egypt_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="French campaign in Egypt and Syria">French occupation</a> under <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>. Following Napoleon's withdrawal, Muhammad Ali rose to power through a series of political maneuvers, and in 1805 he was named <a href="/wiki/W%C4%81li" class="mw-redirect" title="Wāli">Wāli</a> (viceroy) of Egypt and gained the rank of <a href="/wiki/Pasha" title="Pasha">Pasha</a>. </p><p>Amongst his army, fought hundreds of Albanian <a href="/wiki/Bashi-bazouk" title="Bashi-bazouk">Bashi-bazouk</a>, which would settle the first <a href="/wiki/Albanians_in_Egypt" title="Albanians in Egypt">Albanian community in Egypt</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albanian_national_awakening">Albanian national awakening</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Albanian national awakening"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Albania–Egypt relations">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>During the 19th century, the Albanian immigration to Egypt would continue to grow in Egypt, especially in Cairo. The economical prosperity attracted many emigrants from the Albanian lands, mainly from <a href="/wiki/Kor%C3%A7%C3%AB" title="Korçë">Korçë</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kolonj%C3%AB" title="Kolonjë">Kolonjë</a> regions. With some exceptions, most of the figures were educated members of the <a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodoxy in Albania">Orthodox</a> community from south Albania. </p><p>The first Albanian society of Egypt was founded in 1875. It was named <a href="/wiki/First_Brotherhood" title="First Brotherhood">"Vëllazëria e Parë" (First Brotherhood)</a> and was led by <a href="/wiki/Thimi_Mitko" title="Thimi Mitko">Thimi Mitko</a>. Spiro Dine founded in 1881 the local branch of <a href="/wiki/Society_for_the_Publication_of_Albanian_Writings" class="mw-redirect" title="Society for the Publication of Albanian Writings">Society for the Publication of Albanian Writings</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shibin_Al_Kawm,_Al_Minufiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shibin Al Kawm, Al Minufiyah">Shibin Al Kawm</a>, a precursor and lobbyist for the Albanian education which started with the Albanian School of Korçë. Many newspapers and collections would come out, including the successful Shkopi ("The stick"), Rrufeja ("The lightning"), Belietta Sskiypetare ("The Albanian Bee") and so on. Many others would come out for a shorter time: Milo Duçi would publish the magazines Toska (The <a href="/wiki/Tosks" title="Tosks">Tosk</a>) during 1901–02, Besa-Besë (Pledge for a pledge) during 1904-05 together with <a href="/wiki/Thoma_Avrami" title="Thoma Avrami">Thoma Avrami</a>, Besa (<a href="/wiki/Besa_(Albanian_culture)" title="Besa (Albanian culture)">Besa</a>) of 1905 which lasted for 6 issues and was printed by Al-Tawfik in Cairo, and newspapers Shqipëria(Albania) from October 1906 to February 1907, a daily of Cairo with the last two issues coming out in <a href="/wiki/Maghagha" title="Maghagha">Maghagha</a>, and the weekly Bisedimet (The discussions) of 1925–26 with 60 issues in total, which would be the last Albanian-language newspaper in Egypt. Aleksander Xhuvani published the newspaper Shkreptima (The lightning) in 1912 in Cairo. In 1922, Duçi established also the <a href="/wiki/Publishing_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Publishing company">publishing company</a> Shtëpia botonjëse shqiptare/Société Albanaise d'édition (Albanian Publishing House). Prominent Albanian organizations were: "Vëllazëria Shqiptare" (Albanian Fraternity) founded on 1 My 1894 in <a href="/wiki/Beni-Suef" class="mw-redirect" title="Beni-Suef">Beni-Suef</a>, and "Bashkimi" (The union) which was found everywhere in Albanian populated areas and diaspora. It was an Albanian high official in Egypt, who sponsored the <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Giuseppe Verdi</a>'s opera <a href="/wiki/Aida" title="Aida">Aida</a> in <a href="/wiki/Khedivial_Opera_House" title="Khedivial Opera House">Khedivial Opera House</a> in 1871. </p><p>The Albanian intellectual community in Egypt, would play an important role to <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Albanian Declaration of Independence">Albanian Declaration of Independence</a> in 1912 and the funding of Albanian education. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1958, the countries established bilateral diplomatic relations, however the relations remained limited under <a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a>’s absolute regime. They improved drastically after the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_communism_in_Albania" title="Fall of communism in Albania">Fall of communism.</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="High-level_visits">High-level visits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: High-level visits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Speaker of the Parliament, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Josefina_Topali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Josefina Topali (page does not exist)">Josefina Topali</a> visited Cairo on 20 February 2010 in order to attend the Conference on Women Parliamentarians as Active Agents of Change.  During her visit, first of kind by an Albanian Speaker to Egypt, the two sides agreed upon the importance of strengthening bilateral parliamentary ties.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Foreign Minister of Albania held an official visit to Egypt on 31 March 2013, during which he met with the President of the Republic, the Prime Minister and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, as the talks addressed the outstanding level of political relations between both countries, and stressed the two sides' desire to further developing their relations in all fields of mutual interest, especially expanding the prospects for economic cooperation and increasing trade exchange. The Albanian Minister expressed his country's gratitude for Egypt's support by granting scholarships and training courses in various fields.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> They also discussed the regional developments in the Middle East and Balkans. The Albanian Minister also praised Egypt's support for Kosovo, and both ministers signed the executive program for cultural, scientific and technical cooperation of 2013-2015, on the sidelines of the visit.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Foreign Minister of Albania held a visit to Cairo in 31 January 2015, as he was welcomed by the Egyptian Foreign Minister who discussed with him the latest developments in the Middle East and the Balkans. They affirmed their two countries' stance in fighting terrorism, a danger for the entire international community. They also discussed means to boost bilateral relations that are based on a strong historical basis. The two sides agreed to resume political consultations' meetings between their two Foreign Ministries, as well as seeking to hold the Joint Committee for economic cooperation, and enhancing contacts between both countries' Chambers of Commerce. The Albanian Foreign Minister praised the bilateral relations' level and the two countries' convergence within the different international forums. He also stressed his country's support to Egypt's bid for a UNSC non-permanent seat for 2016-2017. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Albanian and Egyptian Prime Ministers met in Cairo, in 23 October 2021 where both sides tackled the ways of enhancing the bilateral relations, said the Egyptian cabinet in a statement. Rama also promised a direct airline connection between Tirana and Cairo. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Albania" title="Foreign relations of Albania">Foreign relations of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Egypt" title="Foreign relations of Egypt">Foreign relations of Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt" title="Muhammad Ali of Egypt">Muhammad Ali of Egypt</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923101621/http://www.ambasadat.gov.al/egypt/en">"Albanian Embassy in Egypt"</a>. Ambasadat.gov.al. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ambasadat.gov.al/egypt/en">the original</a> on 2016-09-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Albanian+Embassy+in+Egypt&rft.pub=Ambasadat.gov.al&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ambasadat.gov.al%2Fegypt%2Fen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.embassypages.com/missions/embassy8524/">"Embassy of Egypt in Tirana, Albania"</a>. embassypages.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Embassy+of+Egypt+in+Tirana%2C+Albania&rft.pub=embassypages.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.embassypages.com%2Fmissions%2Fembassy8524%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWashingtonUnited_States._Central_Intelligence_Agency._Directorate_of_Intelligence" class="citation book cs1">Washington, D. C. :The Agency; United States. Central Intelligence Agency. Directorate of Intelligence. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/directoryofalban1988wash"><i>Directory of Albanian officials /Directorate of Intelligence, Central Intelligence Agency</i></a>. George A. Smathers Libraries University of Florida. Washington, D.C. : The Agency : Available through DOCEX Project, Library of Congress ; Springfield, Va. : National Technical Information Service [distributor].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Directory+of+Albanian+officials+%2FDirectorate+of+Intelligence%2C+Central+Intelligence+Agency.&rft.pub=Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+The+Agency+%3A+Available+through+DOCEX+Project%2C+Library+of+Congress+%3B+Springfield%2C+Va.+%3A+National+Technical+Information+Service+%5Bdistributor%5D&rft.aulast=Washington&rft.aufirst=D.+C.+%3AThe+Agency&rft.au=United+States.+Central+Intelligence+Agency.+Directorate+of+Intelligence&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdirectoryofalban1988wash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÖztuna1979" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Öztuna, Yılmaz (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FDYtAQAAIAAJ&q=koca+sinan"><i>Başlangıcından zamanımıza kadar büyük Türkiye tarihi: Türkiye'nin siyasî, medenî, kültür, teşkilât ve san'at tarihi</i></a> (in Turkish). Ötüken Yayınevi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ba%C5%9Flang%C4%B1c%C4%B1ndan+zaman%C4%B1m%C4%B1za+kadar+b%C3%BCy%C3%BCk+T%C3%BCrkiye+tarihi%3A+T%C3%BCrkiye%27nin+siyas%C3%AE%2C+meden%C3%AE%2C+k%C3%BClt%C3%BCr%2C+te%C5%9Fkil%C3%A2t+ve+san%27at+tarihi&rft.pub=%C3%96t%C3%BCken+Yay%C4%B1nevi&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=%C3%96ztuna&rft.aufirst=Y%C4%B1lmaz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFDYtAQAAIAAJ%26q%3Dkoca%2Bsinan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ambasadat.gov.al/egypt/en/bilateral-relations">"Bilateral Relations | Albanian Embassy in Egypt"</a>. <i>www.ambasadat.gov.al</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ambasadat.gov.al&rft.atitle=Bilateral+Relations+%7C+Albanian+Embassy+in+Egypt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ambasadat.gov.al%2Fegypt%2Fen%2Fbilateral-relations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://albeu.com/lajme/rama-se-shpejti-linje-ajrore-direkte-kairo-tirane/170587/">"Rama: Së shpejti, linjë ajrore direkte Kairo-Tiranë"</a>. <i>Albeu.com</i>. 2021-10-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Albeu.com&rft.atitle=Rama%3A+S%C3%AB+shpejti%2C+linj%C3%AB+ajrore+direkte+Kairo-Tiran%C3%AB&rft.date=2021-10-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falbeu.com%2Flajme%2Frama-se-shpejti-linje-ajrore-direkte-kairo-tirane%2F170587%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlbania%E2%80%93Egypt+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albania%E2%80%93Egypt_relations&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ambasadat.gov.al/egypt/">Albanian Embassy in Cairo</a></li></ul> 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4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/21px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/42px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Albania" title="Foreign relations of Albania">Foreign relations of Albania</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Libya_relations" title="Albania–Libya relations">Libya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Brazil_relations" title="Albania–Brazil relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Canada_relations" title="Albania–Canada relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Albania–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Albania–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Albania–United States relations">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Azerbaijan_relations" title="Albania–Azerbaijan relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93China_relations" title="Albania–China relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Albania–India relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="Albania–Iran relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Albania–Israel relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Albania–Japan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Albania–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Albania–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Albania–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Austria_relations" title="Albania–Austria relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Bulgaria_relations" title="Albania–Bulgaria relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Croatia_relations" title="Albania–Croatia relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Czech_Republic_relations" title="Albania–Czech Republic relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Denmark_relations" title="Albania–Denmark relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Finland_relations" title="Albania–Finland relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93France_relations" title="Albania–France relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="Albania–Germany relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Greece_relations" title="Albania–Greece relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Hungary_relations" title="Albania–Hungary relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Italy_relations" title="Albania–Italy relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" title="Albania–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Lithuania_relations" title="Albania–Lithuania relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Malta_relations" title="Albania–Malta relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Montenegro_relations" title="Albania–Montenegro relations">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Albania–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93North_Macedonia_relations" title="Albania–North Macedonia relations">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Albania–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Albania–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Romania_relations" title="Albania–Romania relations">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Albania–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Albania–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Slovakia_relations" title="Albania–Slovakia relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Slovenia_relations" title="Albania–Slovenia relations">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Albania–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Albania–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Albania–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Holy_See_relations" title="Albania–Holy See relations">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Australia_relations" title="Albania–Australia relations">Australia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania–Soviet Union relations">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Albania–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Albania_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Albania to the European Union">European Union</a> (EU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Albania–NATO relations">North Atlantic Treaty Organization</a> (NATO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Balkan" title="Open Balkan">Open Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania_and_the_United_Nations" title="Albania and the United Nations">United Nations</a> (UN)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Diplomacy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(Albania)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (Albania)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Albania" title="List of diplomatic missions of Albania">Diplomatic missions of Albania</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Albania" title="List of diplomatic missions in Albania">in Albania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Egypt&#124;link=Egypt_Foreign_relations_of_Egypt" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Egypt" title="Template:Foreign relations of Egypt"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Egypt" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Egypt"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Egypt" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Egypt"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Egypt&#124;link=Egypt_Foreign_relations_of_Egypt" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Egypt" title="Foreign relations of Egypt">Foreign relations of Egypt</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Algeria–Egypt relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Ethiopia_relations" title="Egypt–Ethiopia relations">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Ethiopia_relations" title="Egypt–Ethiopia relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Kenya_relations" title="Egypt–Kenya relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Libya_relations" title="Egypt–Libya relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Egypt–Morocco relations">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="Egypt–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Egypt–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93South_Sudan_relations" title="Egypt–South Sudan relations">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Egypt–Sudan relations">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Tanzania_relations" title="Egypt–Tanzania relations">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Tunisia_relations" title="Egypt–Tunisia relations">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Argentina–Egypt relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Brazil–Egypt relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Canada–Egypt relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Colombia–Egypt relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Egypt–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Egypt–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Egypt–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Egypt–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Armenia–Egypt relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Bangladesh–Egypt relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="China–Egypt relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Egypt–India relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Indonesia_relations" title="Egypt–Indonesia relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="Egypt–Iran relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Iraq_relations" title="Egypt–Iraq relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Egypt–Israel relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Egypt–Japan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Jordan_relations" title="Egypt–Jordan relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Egypt–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Mongolia_relations" title="Egypt–Mongolia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Nepal_relations" title="Egypt–Nepal relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Egypt–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Egypt–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Egypt–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Egypt–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Egypt–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Egypt–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Egypt–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Egypt–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Egypt–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Egypt–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Egypt–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="EU" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Bulgaria–Egypt relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Croatia–Egypt relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Cyprus–Egypt relations">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Denmark–Egypt relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93France_relations" title="Egypt–France relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="Egypt–Germany relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Greece_relations" title="Egypt–Greece relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Italy_relations" title="Egypt–Italy relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Egypt–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Slovenia_relations" title="Egypt–Slovenia relations">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Egypt–Spain relations">Spain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" title="Egypt–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Egypt–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Egypt–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="Egypt–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Egypt–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Egypt–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Egypt_relations" title="Australia–Egypt relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="Egypt–New Zealand relations">New Zealand</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Egypt–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_(Official).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Egypt"><img alt="Coat of arms of Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg/105px-Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt_%28Official%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="815" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/1964_Arab_League_summit_(Cairo)" title="1964 Arab League summit (Cairo)">1964</a>, <a href="/wiki/1964_Arab_League_summit_(Alexandria)" title="1964 Arab League summit (Alexandria)">1964</a>, <a href="/wiki/1970_Arab_League_summit" title="1970 Arab League summit">1970</a>)</small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Summit_of_South_American-Arab_Countries" title="Summit of South American-Arab Countries">ASPA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Egypt–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Union for the Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Egypt and the Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/2nd_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="2nd Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">2nd Summit</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><div id="Disputes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Disputes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="Arab–Israeli conflict">Arab–Israeli conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><div id="Related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Egypt)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Egypt)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Egypt)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Egypt)">Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Egypt" title="List of diplomatic missions of Egypt">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Egypt" title="List of diplomatic missions in Egypt">in Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_diaspora" title="Egyptian diaspora">Egyptian diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Egyptian_diplomats" title="Category:Egyptian diplomats">Egyptian diplomats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Fund_for_Technical_Cooperation_with_Africa" 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