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Montanism – Wikipedia

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Tillgänglig på 38 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مونتانية – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مونتانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Монтанизъм – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Монтанизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismus" title="Montanismus – bayerska" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Montanismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bayerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanisme" title="Montanisme – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Montanisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismus" title="Montanismus – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Montanismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismus" title="Montanismus – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Montanismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanism" title="Montanism – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Montanism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Μοντανισμός – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μοντανισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanism" title="Montanism – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Montanism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismo" title="Montanismo – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Montanismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismo" title="Montanismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Montanismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismo" title="Montanismo – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Montanismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="مونتانیسم – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مونتانیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanisme" title="Montanisme – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Montanisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismo" title="Montanismo – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Montanismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%AC%ED%83%80%EB%88%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C" title="몬타누스파 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="몬타누스파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanisme" title="Montanisme – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Montanisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismo" title="Montanismo – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Montanismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="מונטניזם – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מונטניזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მონტანიზმი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მონტანიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanizmas" title="Montanizmas – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Montanizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanizmus" title="Montanizmus – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Montanizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="മോണ്ടനിസം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മോണ്ടനിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanisme" title="Montanisme – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Montanisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%8E%E3%82%B9%E6%B4%BE" title="モンタノス派 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モンタノス派" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanisme" title="Montanisme – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Montanisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montani%C5%9Bci" title="Montaniści – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Montaniści" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanismo" title="Montanismo – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Montanismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanism" title="Montanism – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Montanism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Монтанизм – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Монтанизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanizmus" title="Montanizmus – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Montanizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Монтанизам – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Монтанизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanizam" title="Montanizam – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Montanizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanolaisuus" title="Montanolaisuus – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Montanolaisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88" title="மொந்தானியக் கொள்கை – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மொந்தானியக் கொள்கை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanizm" title="Montanizm – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Montanizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Монтанізм – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Монтанізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E4%BB%96%E5%8A%AA%E6%B4%BE" title="孟他努派 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="孟他努派" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q138681#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas"> <dl><dd><i>Ej att förväxla med&#32;<a href="/wiki/Monoteism" title="Monoteism">Monoteism</a>.</i></dd></dl></div> <p><b>Montanism</b> var en karismatisk <a href="/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom">kristen</a> rörelse i <a href="/wiki/Frygien" title="Frygien">Frygien</a> under <a href="/wiki/100-talet" title="100-talet">andra århundradet</a>. Den är uppkallad efter sin ledare, <a href="/wiki/Montanus" title="Montanus">Montanus</a>. Rörelsens medlemmar kallades även <i>katafryger</i>. Tillsammans med sina kvinnliga <a href="/wiki/Profet" title="Profet">profeter</a> <i>Prisca</i> och <i>Maximilla</i> framförde Montanus en förkunnelse som rörelsen ansåg var direkt inspirerad av <a href="/wiki/Den_Helige_Ande" title="Den Helige Ande">den Helige Ande</a>. </p><p>Till förkunnelsen hörde att <a href="/wiki/Kristus" title="Kristus">Kristi</a> återkomst var nära, och att alla kristna borde samlas i staden <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pepuza&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pepuza [inte skriven än]">Pepuza</a> i Frygien. Montanismen var en typisk <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4ckelser%C3%B6relse" class="mw-redirect" title="Väckelserörelse">väckelserörelse</a>, men på grund av sina egenheter sågs den som en <a href="/wiki/Heresi" class="mw-redirect" title="Heresi">heresi</a> och gjorde att de karismatiska gåvorna kom i vanrykte för lång tid framöver. </p><p>Montanus uppträdde sannolikt omkring år <a href="/wiki/156" title="156">156</a> (kronologin är omtvistad) i byn Ardaban vid Frygiens östra gräns och förkunnade annalkandet av den <a href="/wiki/Yttersta_domen" title="Yttersta domen">yttersta domen</a> och det himmelska Jerusalem, som skulle nedkomma vid de närbelägna orterna Pepuza och Thymion. Den från sin ursprungliga renhet avfallna kyrkan skulle före domen reformeras genom en allmän andeutgjutelse. I stället för de fasta ämbetena skulle man återfå <a href="/wiki/Andens_n%C3%A5deg%C3%A5vor" class="mw-redirect" title="Andens nådegåvor">andens nådegåvor</a>, karismerna, framför allt <a href="/wiki/Profetia" title="Profetia">profetians</a>. Montanus betecknade sig själv som <a href="/wiki/Den_Helige_Ande" title="Den Helige Ande">den Helige Andes</a> viljelösa verktyg, och han försattes i extas. Genom hans mun talade <a href="/wiki/Parakleten" class="mw-redirect" title="Parakleten">Parakleten</a> (<a href="/wiki/Johannesevangeliet" title="Johannesevangeliet">Joh.</a> 16:12 ff.) i första person, ja, i honom hade <a href="/wiki/Fadern" title="Fadern">Fadern</a> själv kommit till människorna. Han förkunnade nu sträng <a href="/wiki/Askes" title="Askes">askes</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kyrkotukt" title="Kyrkotukt">kyrkotukt</a> som väg till räddning undan domen. Till honom slöt sig många kristna, <i>katafrygerna</i>, även kvinnor, bland vilka Prisca och Maximilla hade fått profetians gåva och tävlade med Montanus i inflytande. <a href="/wiki/Vandrarpredikant" title="Vandrarpredikant">Vandrarpredikanter</a> utsändes, och rörelsen utbredde sig vida. Då den emellertid var starkt uppblandad med hedniska frygiska element och hotade att störta kyrkan i <a href="/wiki/Anarki" title="Anarki">anarki</a> kom oppositionen från den kyrkliga organisationens sida. Mellan åren <a href="/wiki/160" title="160">160</a> och <a href="/wiki/170" title="170">170</a> hölls mot montanismen de första <a href="/wiki/Synod" title="Synod">synoderna</a> i kyrkans historia; disputationer och skriftlig <a href="/wiki/Polemik" title="Polemik">polemik</a> följde. </p><p>Sedan Montanus och Prisca och slutligen även Maximilla <a href="/wiki/179" title="179">179</a> dött, kom åren <a href="/wiki/180" title="180">180</a>-<a href="/wiki/200" title="200">200</a> montanismens utträngande ur kyrkan. Den organiserade sig nu som en egen kyrka, bortskar en del hedniska utväxter och koncentrerade sin uppgift till att vara bärare av den urkristna strängheten på askesens och kyrkotuktens område. Teologen <a href="/wiki/Tertullianus" title="Tertullianus">Tertullianus</a> bröt med kyrkan i Rom och anslöt sig omkring år 207 montanismen. Montanismen fortlevde i <a href="/wiki/Mindre_Asien" class="mw-redirect" title="Mindre Asien">Mindre Asien</a>, till dess <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_den_store" title="Konstantin den store">Konstantin den store</a> ingrep mot den på <a href="/wiki/300-talet" title="300-talet">300-talet</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a> in på <a href="/wiki/400-talet" title="400-talet">400-talet</a>, då <a href="/wiki/Augustinus" title="Augustinus">Augustinus</a> återförde dess rester till storkyrkan. Montanismens utsöndring ur kyrkan blev av största betydelse för dennas utveckling. De urkristna <a href="/wiki/Parusi" title="Parusi">parusiförhoppningarna</a> tillbakaträngdes, och man började anpassa sig efter världen. Den urkristna profetian, den viktigaste av karismata, bortstöttes, och i stället trädde <a href="/wiki/Biskop" title="Biskop">biskopsämbetet</a> och synoderna som kyrkans ryggrad. Den urkristna kyrkotukten utbyttes definitivt mot den Katolska. Montanismens försök att hejda den grekiska spekulationens inträngande i kristendomen bidrog bara till att påskynda kyrkans hellenisering. Men montanismens utsöndring betydde också kristendomens räddning från att upplösas i asiatisk religionssynkretism och orientalisk asketism. Katoliseringsprocessen påskyndades genom att montanismen avvisades, men kristendomens egenart bevarades under det hårda skalet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montanism&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montanism&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfbr/0514.html">Montanister</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i> (andra upplagan, 1913)</li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐99485b69b‐98kjf Cached time: 20241107124748 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.035 seconds Real time usage: 0.073 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 218/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 785/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 209/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.002/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 602969/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 56.297 1 -total 84.10% 47.345 1 Mall:Förväxla 34.50% 19.425 1 Mall:Hänvisning_bas 30.26% 17.036 1 Mall:Hänvisning2 15.66% 8.819 1 Mall:Runeberg.org --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key svwiki:pcache:idhash:31740-0!canonical and timestamp 20241107124748 and revision id 47559386. 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