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<li id="toc-Background,_establishment_,_and_pre-war_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background,_establishment_,_and_pre-war_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Background, establishment , and pre-war era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background,_establishment_,_and_pre-war_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Second World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postwar_resurgence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postwar_resurgence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Postwar resurgence</span> </div> </a> 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id="toc-Post-Soviet_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Press" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Press"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Press</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Press-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Leaders</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leaders-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Leaders subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Party_Congresses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_Congresses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Party Congresses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_Congresses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_support_and_electoral_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_support_and_electoral_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Popular support and electoral results</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Popular_support_and_electoral_results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Popular support and electoral results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Popular_support_and_electoral_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Storting_(parliament)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storting_(parliament)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Storting (parliament)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storting_(parliament)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-County_Councils" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#County_Councils"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>County Councils</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-County_Councils-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Communist Party of Norway</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partit_Comunista_de_Noruega" title="Partit Comunista de Noruega – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partit Comunista de Noruega" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norges_Kommunistiske_Parti" title="Norges Kommunistiske Parti – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Norges Kommunistiske Parti" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norges_Kommunistiske_Parti" title="Norges Kommunistiske Parti – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Norges Kommunistiske Parti" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norra_Kommunistlik_Partei" title="Norra Kommunistlik Partei – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Norra Kommunistlik Partei" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%9A%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%9D%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B2%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Νορβηγίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Νορβηγίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Comunista_de_Noruega" title="Partido Comunista de Noruega – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido Comunista de Noruega" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98" title="حزب کمونیست نروژ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حزب کمونیست نروژ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_communiste_norv%C3%A9gien" title="Parti communiste norvégien – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parti communiste norvégien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%A5%B4%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4_%EA%B3%B5%EC%82%B0%EB%8B%B9" title="노르웨이 공산당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="노르웨이 공산당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_Comunista_di_Norvegia" title="Partito Comunista di Norvegia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito Comunista di Norvegia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Норвегия коммунисттик партиясы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Норвегия коммунисттик партиясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norges_Kommunistiske_Parti" title="Norges Kommunistiske Parti – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Norges Kommunistiske Parti" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norges_Kommunistiske_Parti" title="Norges Kommunistiske Parti – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Norges Kommunistiske Parti" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norweska_Partia_Komunistyczna" title="Norweska Partia Komunistyczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Norweska Partia Komunistyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Comunista_da_Noruega" title="Partido Comunista da Noruega – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partido Comunista da Noruega" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Коммунистическая партия Норвегии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Коммунистическая партия Норвегии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norjan_kommunistinen_puolue" title="Norjan kommunistinen puolue – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Norjan kommunistinen puolue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norges_Kommunistiska_Parti" title="Norges Kommunistiska Parti – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Norges Kommunistiska Parti" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%97" title="Комуністична партія Норвегії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Комуністична партія Норвегії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A" title="挪威共产党 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="挪威共产党" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q587803#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political party in Norway</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #FF0000; border-bottom:2px solid #FF0000; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Communist Party of Norway</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname">Norges Kommunistiske Parti</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Norwegian_Communist_Party.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Norwegian_Communist_Party.svg/125px-Norwegian_Communist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Norwegian_Communist_Party.svg/188px-Norwegian_Communist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Norwegian_Communist_Party.svg/250px-Norwegian_Communist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="538" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">Leader</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;">Runa Evensen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">4 November 1923<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Split from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Norway)" title="Labour Party (Norway)">Norwegian Labour Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Helgesens gate 21, <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Friheten" title="Friheten">Friheten</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Young_Communists_in_Norway" title="Young Communists in Norway">Young Communists in Norway</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hard_Euroscepticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard Euroscepticism">Hard Euroscepticism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics" title="Far-left politics">Far-left</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Initiative_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties">INITIATIVE</a> (until 2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">International affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/International_Meeting_of_Communist_and_Workers%27_Parties" title="International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties">IMCWP</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Red; color:black;"> </span> Red</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Slogan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="nowrap">Folkemakt mot pengemakt!</span><br />(English: <i>People's power over monetary power!</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Storting" title="Storting">Storting</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 169</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #990000; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/County_council_(Norway)" class="mw-redirect" title="County council (Norway)">County Councils</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 728</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #990000; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_council_(Norway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal council (Norway)">Municipal / City Councils</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 10,781</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #990000; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Sami_Parliament_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Sami Parliament of Norway">Sami Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 39</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #990000; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nkp.no/">www<wbr />.nkp<wbr />.no</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #FF0000;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Norway" title="Politics of Norway">Politics of Norway</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Norway" title="List of political parties in Norway">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Norway" title="Elections in Norway">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Communist Party of Norway</b> (<a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a>: <i lang="no">Norges Kommunistiske Parti</i>, NKP) is a <a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">communist party</a> in <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>. </p><p>The NKP was formed in 1923, following a split in the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian Labour Party">Norwegian Labour Party</a>. It was <a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinist</a> from its establishment and, as such, supported the <a href="/wiki/Soviet" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet">Soviet</a> government while opposing <a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a>. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, the NKP initially opposed active resistance to the <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Norway" title="German occupation of Norway">German occupation</a>, in deference to <a href="/wiki/Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact" title="Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact">the non-aggression pact</a> between the Soviet Union and <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. Once Germany terminated the pact and attacked the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, the Communist Party of Norway joined the resistance. </p><p>As a result of its role in the anti-Nazi struggle, the NKP experienced a brief surge in popularity immediately after the war, but popular sympathy waned with the onset of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>. The ruling Labour Party took a hard line against the communists, culminating in Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Einar Gerhardsen</a>'s 1948 condemnatory <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A5ker%C3%B8y_speech" title="Kråkerøy speech">Kråkerøy speech</a>. Norwegian authorities considered the party an <a href="/wiki/Extremism" title="Extremism">extremist</a> organization, and its activities would be closely monitored by the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Police_Security_Service" title="Norwegian Police Security Service">Police Surveillance Agency</a> throughout the Cold War.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ideologically, the NKP has evolved since its founding. It followed <a href="/wiki/Khrushchev" class="mw-redirect" title="Khrushchev">Khrushchev</a>'s lead by formally denouncing <a href="/wiki/Stalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalin">Stalin</a>'s rule after his death in 1953, but remained pro-Soviet until the end of the Cold War, despite occasional instances of disagreement. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the party has recognized some of the flaws of the Soviet model. It nonetheless supports traditional <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> historiography and pro-<a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> political views, opposing <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. </p><p>The NKP has been a marginal force in <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian politics">Norwegian politics</a> since the late 1940s. It held a single seat in the parliament as late as 1961, but it has not been represented in any elected bodies in recent decades. In the <a href="/wiki/2017_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2017 Norwegian parliamentary election">2017 parliamentary elections</a>, it received only 309 votes (0.01%).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background,_establishment_,_and_pre-war_era"><span id="Background.2C_establishment_.2C_and_pre-war_era"></span>Background, establishment , and pre-war era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background, establishment , and pre-war era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OlavScheflo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/OlavScheflo.JPG/220px-OlavScheflo.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="349" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/OlavScheflo.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="307" data-file-height="487" /></a><figcaption>Olav Scheflo (pictured) led the pro-Comintern wing within the Labour Party until the establishment of the Norwegian Communist Party</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Norway)" title="Labour Party (Norway)">Norwegian Labour Party</a> (DNA) became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Comintern" class="mw-redirect" title="Comintern">Communist International</a> (Comintern) in 1919 under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Tranm%C3%A6l" title="Martin Tranmæl">Martin Tranmæl</a>. While Tranmæl at first supported the move of becoming a Comintern member, he became increasingly skeptical of it after the proclamation of the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-one_conditions" class="mw-redirect" title="Twenty-one conditions">twenty-one conditions</a> which stated that members had to enforce <a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">democratic centralism</a> and party discipline. Even so, Tranmæl continued to support the Labour Party's membership, even if that meant a future split within the party between the left and the right. A split did occur along factional lines in 1921 and led to the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Labour_Party_of_Norway" title="Social Democratic Labour Party of Norway">Social Democratic Labour Party</a>. A power struggle soon erupted between the Tranmælists and the supporters of <a href="/wiki/Olav_Scheflo" title="Olav Scheflo">Olav Scheflo</a>, the party's <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_leader" title="Parliamentary leader">parliamentary leader</a>, following <a href="/wiki/Kyrre_Grepp" title="Kyrre Grepp">Kyrre Grepp</a>'s absence due to illness and later death in 1922. The reason for the struggle was Tranmæl's desire to block Grepp from becoming the party's next leader; Grepp was a supporter of the Comintern line.<sup id="cite_ref-background_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-background-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the time of the <a href="/wiki/4th_World_Congress_of_the_Comintern" class="mw-redirect" title="4th World Congress of the Comintern">4th World Congress of the Comintern</a>, in which a policy of strengthening the apparatus of the member parties took place, Tranmæl had had enough of what he saw as the Comintern's meddling in the internal affairs of the Labour Party. He managed to get a majority within the Central Board for a withdrawal of its Comintern membership, but the Comintern's representative, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Radek" title="Karl Radek">Karl Radek</a>, managed, with a bit of maneuvering, to get the majority of the party's National Board to vote in favour of retaining its Comintern membership. Before the Labour Party conference in February 1921, Tranmæl came up with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristiania_proposal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristiania proposal (page does not exist)">Kristiania proposal</a>, a declaration of semi-independence from Comintern. The Kristiania proposal supported retaining membership in the Comintern, if the Labour Party could operate on more independent lines. At the conference a majority, by a margin of two votes, voted in favour of the proposal. The Comintern representative at the party conference, <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bukharin" title="Nikolai Bukharin">Nikolai Bukharin</a>, grudgingly accepted the vote. The power struggle between the Tranmælists and the Scheflo wing continued, even more aggressively, until the extraordinary party conference of November 1923 which voted in favour of withdrawing the Labour Party from the Comintern. As a reaction, the Scheflo wing left the party and established the Norwegian Communist Party.<sup id="cite_ref-background_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-background-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Organisationally, the Communist Party continued the representation of Norway in the Comintern.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thirteen of the Labour <a href="/wiki/Member_of_parliament" title="Member of parliament">members of parliament</a> joined the Communist Party, as did large parts of the <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade union</a> opposition to the Labour Party.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965126–128_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965126–128-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The newly established party elected <a href="/wiki/Sverre_St%C3%B8stad" title="Sverre Støstad">Sverre Støstad</a> as chairman,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Halvard_Olsen" title="Halvard Olsen">Halvard Olsen</a> as deputy chairman, and <a href="/wiki/Peder_Furubotn" title="Peder Furubotn">Peder Furubotn</a> as general secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party managed to gain 6.1 percent of the votes in the <a href="/wiki/1924_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1924 Norwegian parliamentary election">1924 parliamentary election</a>, but its vote share decreased to 4 percent <a href="/wiki/1927_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1927 Norwegian parliamentary election">in 1927</a>, and further <a href="/wiki/1930_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1930 Norwegian parliamentary election">in 1930</a> to 1.7 percent. At the same time, its membership slowly decreased, and by the 1930s the party had lost much of its former influence.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1924 election was a failure for the party; the party became the third largest left-wing party, behind the Labour Party and the Social Democratic Labour Party. The Communist Party had failed to restrengthen the Comintern organisation in Norway after the 1923 split.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1925 conference focused on the party's organisational structure; a structural proposed by the Comintern was duly accepted by a majority at the conference.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adam_Egede-Nissen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Adam_Egede-Nissen.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="194" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="188" data-file-height="194" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Adam_Egede-Nissen" title="Adam Egede-Nissen">Adam Egede-Nissen</a> was the party's chairman from 1934 to 1946, even if he had in fact lost formal powers by the 1940s<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Parallel to its decreasing electoral influence, the party was ravaged by internal strife. Halvard Olsen and other trade union leaders left the party in 1924, in protest over the trade union policy of the Communist Party. Sverre Støstad, <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Monsen" title="Fredrik Monsen">Fredrik Monsen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Olav_Larssen" title="Olav Larssen">Olav Larssen</a> were excluded from the party in 1927 because of disagreements surrounding the reunification of the Labour Party (which merged with the Social Democratic Labour Party). <a href="/wiki/Jeanette_Olsen" title="Jeanette Olsen">Jeanette Olsen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emil_Stang_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emil Stang Jr. (page does not exist)">Emil Stang Jr.</a>, and Scheflo left the party in 1928 due to their disappointment with how the Communist Party reacted towards the first DNA government, <a href="/wiki/Hornsrud%27s_Cabinet" title="Hornsrud's Cabinet">Hornsrud's Cabinet</a>. In 1927, the <a href="/wiki/Mot_Dag" title="Mot Dag">Mot Dag</a> group, a circle of leftwing intellectuals, joined the party. They would leave the following year, as the Communist Party took an 'ultra-left turn'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965128–129_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965128–129-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Comintern demanded in the summer of 1927 that the Communist Party move further to the left. The move to the left was characterised by a more open "class against class politics, in which the social democrats were designated as the primary enemy" of communism. At the 9th Plenum of the Central Committee in 1928, they denounced the right-wing faction for supporting the Labour government of <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hornsrud" title="Christopher Hornsrud">Christopher Hornsrud</a>. The 9th Plenum led to a further reduction of party members, but Furobotn and the Communist Party continued to be loyal to the line set by the Comintern. There was no significant dissent within the party against the Comintern line, and the party became vehemently loyal to it; it began to accuse the Labour Party of being <a href="/wiki/Social_fascism" title="Social fascism">social fascist</a>, and further claimed that the Labour Party had stopped being a workers party. This policy led to further marginalisation of the party by the 1930s. In 1930 the Comintern directly interfered into the affairs of the NKP, when it ordered Furubotn, the party chairman, to visit the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1933 the party took the initiative to propose a collaboration with the Labour in the <a href="/wiki/1933_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1933 Norwegian parliamentary election">1933 parliamentary election</a> in correlation with the Comintern's policy of a <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular Front">Popular Front</a>. The proposal was rejected, but the Communist Party continued to propose a collaboration of sorts to the Labour Party in 1935, 1936, and in 1937. The Labour Party continued to be interested in such a proposal as long as the Communist Party and itself were unified organisationally.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1938 onwards, the Communists' relations with other parties reached an all-time low, and by the time of the <a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="German invasion of Norway">German invasion of Norway</a> in 1940, the party was in a crisis. The Norwegian public had begun to see the NKP as a tool of Moscow.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Second World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the onset of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>, the NKP subscribed to the <a href="/wiki/Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact" title="Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact">Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact</a> between Germany and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>. The DNA government, on the other hand, aligned with the United Kingdom. During the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Winter_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Winter War">Finnish Winter War</a>, NKP supported the Soviet war effort, whereas DNA supported the opposing side. DNA-NKP relations deteriorated further, reaching a historic low. </p><p>Germany invaded Norway on 9 April 1940. The NKP publication <span title="Norwegian-language text"><i lang="no"><a href="/wiki/Arbeideren" title="Arbeideren">Arbeideren</a></i></span> ("The Worker") proclaimed that the war was an <a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">imperialist</a> war, and that Germany and the Western powers were equally responsible for its outbreak. According to that analysis the party should not take sides for one of the imperialist powers, a policy that was in clear opposition to the (then exiled) DNA government. </p><p>However, local Communist Party cells in northern Norway began (without the consent of the party leadership) to mobilize resistance activities.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 1940, NKP was the first Norwegian political party to be banned by the German occupation authorities. The publication of <i>Arbeideren</i> ceased. The party then went underground. However, it was poorly prepared for underground functioning. In the ongoing confusion within the party, Furubotn began to call for more active NKP resistance against the occupation. Furubotn had spent several years in Moscow, but returned to Norway just before the war. Now he was the leader of the party in <a href="/wiki/Vestlandet" class="mw-redirect" title="Vestlandet">Vestlandet</a>. On 31 December 1941, the party held a clandestine national conference, which adopted Furubotn's 'active war policy'. </p><p>The NKP came to play a leading role in the resistance movement, organizing sabotage and guerrilla activities. Although different sectors of the resistance showed a united front towards the occupants, the relation between NKP and the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_resistance_movement" title="Norwegian resistance movement">Home Front</a>, the government-in-exile, and the clandestine trade union movement were not always smooth as the government advocated only peaceful resistance, such as media and intelligence support for the allies, until the last years of the war, when these elements of resistance were to join actively. Generally, the NKP wanted to adopt more offensive tactics against the occupants. It also created an <a href="/wiki/Underground_media_in_German-occupied_Europe" title="Underground media in German-occupied Europe">illegal newspaper</a>, <i>Friheten</i>, or "Liberty", which is still in print.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965129–131_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965129–131-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_resurgence">Postwar resurgence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Postwar resurgence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the war, NKP enjoyed a strong increase in popularity for its role in resistance struggle. The role the Soviet Union had played in defeating Germany, and in particular the Soviet liberation of <a href="/wiki/Finnmark" title="Finnmark">Finnmark</a> in northern Norway, also contributed to the popularity of the party. </p><p>In the national unity government formed after the war, two communists were included: <a href="/wiki/Johan_Strand_Johansen" title="Johan Strand Johansen">Johan Strand Johansen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Hansteen" title="Kirsten Hansteen">Kirsten Hansteen</a>. Hansteen was the first female minister in Norwegian history. The party organ, <i>Friheten</i>, would reach a readership of approximately 100,000 directly after the war. In the new postwar atmosphere of tolerance, discussions were raised over a possible reunification between DNA and NKP. During the war, discussions had taken place in the <a href="/wiki/Grini_concentration_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Grini concentration camp">Grini concentration camp</a> between captured DNA and NKP leaders (including <a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Einar Gerhardsen</a> from DNA and Jørgen Vogt from NKP). However, these plans were discarded by Furubotn. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/1945_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1945 Norwegian parliamentary election">1945 parliamentary election</a>, the NKP vote share reached its historical peak. NKP received 176,535 votes (11.89%) and won eleven seats in the Storting. In 1946 Furubotn was elected general secretary of the NKP.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965130–131_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965130–131-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Onset_of_the_Cold_War">Onset of the Cold War</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Onset of the Cold War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>However, the growth of the party proved to be brief. The <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> began, and the Norwegian government aligned itself with the Western powers. In the <a href="/wiki/1949_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1949 Norwegian parliamentary election">1949 parliamentary election</a> the NKP lost many voters. The party received 102,722 votes (5.83%).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965132_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965132-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The reason for the party's decline in popularity is often accredited to Labour Party Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Einar Gerhardsen</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A5ker%C3%B8y_speech" title="Kråkerøy speech">famous speech</a> at <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A5ker%C3%B8y" title="Kråkerøy">Kråkerøy</a> in 1948, four days after the <a href="/wiki/1948_Czechoslovak_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état">communist takeover</a> in <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a>. In it, he condemned the actions in Czechoslovakia, but also warned that the same thing could happen in Norway if the Communist Party was given too much power. The speech represented the start of both an open and underground campaign against the party and its members, with the purpose of scaring away voters and reducing its influence in the labour movement. </p><p>At the same time, the party would experience its most traumatic internal division. In 1946 some of Furubotn's closest associates during the war, Kjell G. Kviberg and <a href="/wiki/%C3%98rnulf_Egge" title="Ørnulf Egge">Ørnulf Egge</a>, were expelled. In 1949 Furubotn's enemies within the party began a campaign to expel him. </p><p>On 24 October 1949, MP Johan Strand Johansen publicly declared that a division existed within the party in a speech to the local party unit in Malerne. The following day Furubotn's followers resigned from their positions. On 26 October Furubotn and his followers were expelled. The editorial of <i>Friheten</i> on 27 October proclaimed that "It has emerged clearly that this anti-party centre is a <a href="/wiki/Trotskyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Trotskyist">Trotskyist</a>, bourgeois nationalist and <a href="/wiki/Titoist" class="mw-redirect" title="Titoist">Titoist</a> centre, which has paralysed the central board with endless and futile discussions." Moreover, in an article in the same newspaper published on 11 November 1949, read: "It is clear that within our party there are nationalist, petty bourgeois, Trotskyist, Titoist elements, enemies of the Soviet Union and socialism, that may form a base for recruitment of agents to the bourgeois states and the counter revolution." This process contributed to the ongoing political isolation of the NKP. The expulsion of Furubotn, considered a hero of the resistance struggle, was in many ways a political suicide. The manner in which the expulsions had been conducted and the strong language used in the NKP press against those expelled contributed to an image of NKP as a 'conspirational' party.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965132–135_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965132–135-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cold_War_years">Cold War years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cold War years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NKP was broadly considered to be a loyal follower of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a>, although it occasionally took independent positions opposing the Soviet line. This happened in 1968, when the NKP condemned the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia</a>. The youth league, the <a href="/wiki/Young_Communist_League_of_Norway" title="Young Communist League of Norway">Young Communist League of Norway</a> (NKU), followed a somewhat more independent line than the party. </p><p>In the mid-1960s, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. State Department">U.S. State Department</a> estimated the party membership to be approximately 4500 (0.2% of the working age population of the country).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/1973_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1973 Norwegian parliamentary election">parliamentary elections of 1973</a>, the party participated in an electoral alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_People%27s_Party_(Norway)" title="Socialist People's Party (Norway)">Socialist People's Party</a> and other left-wing groups, known as the <i><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Electoral_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Electoral League">Socialist Electoral League</a></i>, and had its leader, <a href="/wiki/Reidar_Larsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Reidar Larsen">Reidar Larsen</a>, elected into parliament. In 1975, the Socialist Electoral League became the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Left_Party_(Norway)" title="Socialist Left Party (Norway)">Socialist Left Party</a>, which is today Norway's largest party to the left of the <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian Labour Party">Norwegian Labour Party</a>. The Communist Party took part in the process of transforming the electoral league to a new party, but in the end decided to remain a separate party. At the party congress in 1975, 113 delegates voted to maintain the party's independence, whereas 30 voted for a merger with the SV. Larsen did not stand for re-election, and <a href="/wiki/Martin_Gunnar_Knutsen" title="Martin Gunnar Knutsen">Martin Gunnar Knutsen</a> was elected as the new party chairman.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the congress, Larsen and others left the NKP to join the Socialist Left Party. </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> gained power in the Soviet Union and started his reform program, the NKP, like most other <a href="/wiki/Eurocommunism" title="Eurocommunism">European Communist parties</a> did, started revising its views of past Soviet policies. The party began to distance itself from the practises of the Soviet Union, and focused on a "softer" communism. The term "<a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">democratic socialism</a>" is frequently found in party literature from the early 1990s onward. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Soviet_world">Post-Soviet world</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-Soviet world"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Around 1990, there were also tendencies within the NKP working for regroupment. In the <a href="/wiki/1989_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1989 Norwegian parliamentary election">1989 parliamentary election</a> they joined forces with <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Communist_Party_(Norway)" title="Workers' Communist Party (Norway)">Workers' Communist Party</a> (AKP), <a href="/wiki/Red_Electoral_Alliance" title="Red Electoral Alliance">Red Electoral Alliance</a> (RV), and independent socialists to form <i><a href="/wiki/Fylkeslistene_for_milj%C3%B8_og_solidaritet" class="mw-redirect" title="Fylkeslistene for miljø og solidaritet">Fylkeslistene for miljø og solidaritet</a></i> (County lists for Environment and Solidarity). The NKP also had joint lists with RV some places in the early 1990s, while elsewhere NKP members campaigned for the RV. This policy of unity was, however, abandoned around the mid-1990s. </p><p>A defining moment in this process came when the party opposed the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_coup_attempt_of_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet coup attempt of 1991">Soviet coup attempt of 1991</a> against Gorbachev by the "old guard" of the Soviet communist party. </p><p>Today, the party's statement of principles explicitly acknowledges that the Soviet Union represented a violation of democratic principles and that the party has to take responsibility for its lack of criticism of these problems. The party nonetheless views these examples of socialism as progressive with respect to their preceding regimes. </p><p>Even though the NKP survived the collapse of the Soviet Union, inner turmoil, and particularly lack of recruitment amongst youth, has since marginalized the party further. </p><p>In the early 1990s, the party attempted to counteract some of this by electing younger leaders to the party's top positions. However, this move failed to significantly boost recruitment, and subsequently the party's leadership was again dominated by older members, many of whom joined during the Soviet era. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Valg_2009_022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Valg_2009_022.jpg/220px-Valg_2009_022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Valg_2009_022.jpg/330px-Valg_2009_022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Valg_2009_022.jpg/440px-Valg_2009_022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Campaign booth ahead of the <a href="/wiki/2009_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2009 Norwegian parliamentary election">2009 election</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The NKP won three elected posts in the <a href="/wiki/2003_Norwegian_local_elections" title="2003 Norwegian local elections">2003 municipal elections</a>, two seats in the municipal council in <a href="/wiki/%C3%85snes_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Åsnes Municipality">Åsnes Municipality</a> and one in <a href="/wiki/Vads%C3%B8_Municipality" title="Vadsø Municipality">Vadsø Municipality</a>. The Åsnes branch, by far the party's strongest at that time, left the party in 2004 to form <a href="/wiki/Radical_Socialists" title="Radical Socialists">Radical Socialists</a> due to disagreements over the questions of religion, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>, and cooperation with other leftist groups. In addition, an NKP member was a member of the municipal council of <a href="/wiki/Porsgrunn_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsgrunn Municipality">Porsgrunn Municipality</a>, elected on the RV list until he joined the RV. In later elections the NKP has received about 1,000 votes. In the <a href="/wiki/2005_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2005 Norwegian parliamentary election">2005 parliamentary election</a>, it won 1,070 votes – 0.04% of the national total. In 2007, it could not find enough candidates for a list in Vadsø Municipality, and thus does not currently have any democratically elected representatives. </p><p>In 2006-2008, NKP's youth league was changed from the old <a href="/wiki/Young_Communist_League_of_Norway" title="Young Communist League of Norway">Young Communist League of Norway</a>, to the new Young Communist League in Norway. The new league changed its name in 2008 to the <a href="/wiki/Youth_Communists_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Youth Communists in Norway">Youth Communists in Norway</a>. </p><p>The party still publishes a weekly newspaper called <i><a href="/wiki/Friheten" title="Friheten">Friheten</a></i> ("The Freedom"), which was started as a clandestine paper in 1941. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Press">Press</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Press"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party won control of eleven of the Labour Party newspapers. These were (some with new names after the communist takeover): <i><a href="/wiki/Arbeidet" title="Arbeidet">Arbeidet</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ny_Tid_(Trondheim)" title="Ny Tid (Trondheim)">Ny Tid</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Arbeideren_(Hamar)" title="Arbeideren (Hamar)">Arbeideren</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vestfold_Arbeiderblad" title="Vestfold Arbeiderblad">Vestfold Arbeiderblad</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Glomdalens_Arbeiderblad" title="Glomdalens Arbeiderblad">Glomdalens Arbeiderblad</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Bratsberg-Demokraten" title="Bratsberg-Demokraten">Bratsberg-Demokraten</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fritt_Folk_(Communist)" title="Fritt Folk (Communist)">Fritt Folk</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Follo_Arbeiderblad" title="Follo Arbeiderblad">Follo Arbeiderblad</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gudbrandsdalens_Arbeiderblad" title="Gudbrandsdalens Arbeiderblad">Gudbrandsdalens Arbeiderblad</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hardanger_Arbeiderblad" title="Hardanger Arbeiderblad">Hardanger Arbeiderblad</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Ny_Dag_(Norwegian_newspaper)" title="Ny Dag (Norwegian newspaper)">Ny Dag</a></i>. The communist party also usurped <i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B8re_Arbeiderblad" class="mw-redirect" title="Møre Arbeiderblad">Møre Arbeiderblad</a></i>, which had not yet achieved official Labour Party status.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Nordlys" title="Nordlys">Nordlys</a></i> was acquired, temporarily lost in mid-November 1923, then published as communist again until 20 January 1924 when it again became aligned with Labour.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some newspapers, such as <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%98sterdalens_Arbeiderblad" title="Østerdalens Arbeiderblad">Østerdalens Arbeiderblad</a></i> had sympathized with the communist opposition while it was a part of the Labour Party, but after the actual split the Labour Party managed to turn the tide and retain them.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Communist Party also took over the ideological publication <i><a href="/wiki/Klassekampen_(1909%E2%80%931940)" title="Klassekampen (1909–1940)">Klassekampen</a></i> (belonged to the Young Communist League of Norway) and started <i><a href="/wiki/Gnisten" title="Gnisten">Gnisten</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Proletaren" title="Proletaren">Proletaren</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Newly established communist newspapers within the party's first year of existence were the main organ <i><a href="/wiki/Norges_Kommunistblad" title="Norges Kommunistblad">Norges Kommunistblad</a></i> as well as <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akershus_Folkeblad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akershus Folkeblad (page does not exist)">Akershus Folkeblad</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Buskerud-Arbeideren" title="Buskerud-Arbeideren">Buskerud-Arbeideren</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Friheten_(Nordland)" title="Friheten (Nordland)">Friheten</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Troms_Fylkes_Kommunistblad" title="Troms Fylkes Kommunistblad">Troms Fylkes Kommunistblad</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dagens_Nyheter_(Norwegian_newspaper)" title="Dagens Nyheter (Norwegian newspaper)">Dagens Nyheter</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Finnmark_Fremtid" title="Finnmark Fremtid">Finnmark Fremtid</a></i>. Many became defunct after a short time.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Communist Party also had a range of company newspapers, for laborers in specific companies or specific industries. In Oslo there were <i>Arbeidersken</i>, <i>Brygger'n</i>, <i>Den unge arbeider</i>, <i>Hammer'n</i>, <i>Huken</i>, <i>Kommunarden</i>, <i>Nødsarbeideren</i> (renamed <i>Steinspruten</i>), <i>Skyttelen</i>, <i>Sporvekselen</i> and <i>Stemplet</i>. In Bergen there were <i>Byggeren</i>, <i>Hermetikboksen</i>, <i>Kommuneproletaren</i> and <i>Transportproletaren</i> (renamed <i>Havnearbeideren</i>). In Trondheim there were <i>Filkloa</i> and <i>Signal</i>. <a href="/wiki/Einhart_Lorenz" title="Einhart Lorenz">Einhart Lorenz</a> has also registered seventeen other company newspapers from across the country. Nearly all were founded in 1925 or 1926, and nearly all went defunct between 1925 and 1928. The only exception as to foundation was <i>Verksteds-Arbeideren</i>, founded in Drammen in 1924, and the only newspaper which survived beyond 1928 was <i>Kommuneproletaren</i>, which existed until 1931.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leaders">Leaders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sverre_St%C3%B8stad" title="Sverre Støstad">Sverre Støstad</a> (1923–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peder_Furubotn" title="Peder Furubotn">Peder Furubotn</a> (1925–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_W._Kristiansen" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry W. Kristiansen">Henry W. Kristiansen</a> (1931–1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Egede-Nissen" title="Adam Egede-Nissen">Adam Egede-Nissen</a> (1934–1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_L%C3%B8vlien" title="Emil Løvlien">Emil Løvlien</a> (1946–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reidar_T._Larsen" title="Reidar T. Larsen">Reidar T. Larsen</a> (1965–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Gunnar_Knutsen" title="Martin Gunnar Knutsen">Martin Gunnar Knutsen</a> (1975–1982)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_I._Kleven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans I. Kleven (page does not exist)">Hans I. Kleven</a> (1982–1987)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A5re_Andr%C3%A9_Nilsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kåre André Nilsen (page does not exist)">Kåre André Nilsen</a> (1987–1991)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingve_Iversen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingve Iversen (page does not exist)">Ingve Iversen</a> (1991–1993)</li> <li>Collective leadership (1993–2000) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terje_Krogh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terje Krogh (page does not exist)">Terje Krogh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Per_Lothar_Lindtner" title="Per Lothar Lindtner">Per Lothar Lindtner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kjell_Underlid" title="Kjell Underlid">Kjell Underlid</a> (1993–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Lothar_Lindtner" title="Per Lothar Lindtner">Per Lothar Lindtner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kjell_Underlid" title="Kjell Underlid">Kjell Underlid</a> (1998–2000)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Lothar_Lindtner" title="Per Lothar Lindtner">Per Lothar Lindtner</a> (2000–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zafer_G%C3%B6zet" title="Zafer Gözet">Zafer Gözet</a> (2001–2010)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Svend_Haakon_Jacobsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Svend Haakon Jacobsen (page does not exist)">Svend Haakon Jacobsen</a> (2010–2013)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B8rgen_Hovde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jørgen Hovde (page does not exist)">Jørgen Hovde</a> (2013–2014)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Runa_Evensen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Runa Evensen (page does not exist)">Runa Evensen</a> (2014–present)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_Congresses">Party Congresses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Party Congresses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li>3. landsmøte 1929 9-13. february <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popular_support_and_electoral_results">Popular support and electoral results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Popular support and electoral results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currently, the party retains its strongest bases of support in Oslo, Finnmark, Troms, Tromsø, and Namsos. Historically Åsnes and Trondheim were strongholds of the party. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Storting_(parliament)"><span id="Storting_.28parliament.29"></span>Storting (parliament)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Storting (parliament)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Norway">Storting</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Election year </th> <th># of<br />overall votes </th> <th>% of<br />overall vote </th> <th># of<br />overall seats won </th> <th>± </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1924_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1924 Norwegian parliamentary election">1924</a> </th> <td>59,401 </td> <td>6.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 4%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1927_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1927 Norwegian parliamentary election">1927</a> </th> <td>40,075 </td> <td>4.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1930_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1930 Norwegian parliamentary election">1930</a> </th> <td>20,351 </td> <td>1.7 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1933_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1933 Norwegian parliamentary election">1933</a> </th> <td>22,773 </td> <td>1.8 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1936_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1936 Norwegian parliamentary election">1936</a> </th> <td>4,376 </td> <td>0.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1945_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1945 Norwegian parliamentary election">1945</a> </th> <td>176,535 </td> <td>11.9 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">11 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>11 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1949_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1949 Norwegian parliamentary election">1949</a> </th> <td>107,722 </td> <td>5.8 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>11 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1953_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1953 Norwegian parliamentary election">1953</a> </th> <td>90,422 </td> <td>5.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1957_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1957 Norwegian parliamentary election">1957</a> </th> <td>60,060 </td> <td>3.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0.7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1961_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1961 Norwegian parliamentary election">1961</a> </th> <td>53,678 </td> <td>2.9 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1965_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1965 Norwegian parliamentary election">1965</a> </th> <td>27,996 </td> <td>1.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1969_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1969 Norwegian parliamentary election">1969</a> </th> <td>21,517 </td> <td>1.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 150</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1973_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1973 Norwegian parliamentary election">1973</a> </th> <td>241,851 </td> <td>11.2<sup id="cite_ref-SocialistElectoralLeague_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SocialistElectoralLeague-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 155</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0.6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1977_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1977 Norwegian parliamentary election">1977</a> </th> <td>8,448 </td> <td>0.4 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 155</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1981_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1981 Norwegian parliamentary election">1981</a> </th> <td>6,673 </td> <td>0.3 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 155</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1985_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1985 Norwegian parliamentary election">1985</a> </th> <td>4,245 </td> <td>0.2 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 157</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1989_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1989 Norwegian parliamentary election">1989</a> </th> <td>22,139 </td> <td>0.8<sup id="cite_ref-CountyLists_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CountyLists-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 165</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1993_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1993 Norwegian parliamentary election">1993</a> </th> <td>361 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 165</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1997_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="1997 Norwegian parliamentary election">1997</a> </th> <td>1,979 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 165</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2001_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2001 Norwegian parliamentary election">2001</a> </th> <td>1,726 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 165</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2005_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2005 Norwegian parliamentary election">2005</a> </th> <td>1,070 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 169</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2009_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2009 Norwegian parliamentary election">2009</a> </th> <td>697 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 169</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2013_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2013 Norwegian parliamentary election">2013</a> </th> <td>611 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 169</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2017_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2017 Norwegian parliamentary election">2017</a> </th> <td>309 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 169</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2021_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2021 Norwegian parliamentary election">2021</a> </th> <td>308 </td> <td>0.0 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 169</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Notes:</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SocialistElectoralLeague-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SocialistElectoralLeague_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> In 1973 NKP participated through the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Left_Party_(Norway)" title="Socialist Left Party (Norway)">Socialist Electoral League</a>, which became the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Left_Party_(Norway)" title="Socialist Left Party (Norway)">Socialist Left Party</a> in 1975. The list gained 16 seats, of which one was a member of NKP.<sup id="cite_ref-snlnkp_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-snlnkp-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party didn't want to dissolve to become a member of the new party, and voted against membership.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CountyLists-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CountyLists_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> In 1989 NKP participated in <a href="/wiki/County_Lists_for_Environment_and_Solidarity" title="County Lists for Environment and Solidarity">County Lists for Environment and Solidarity</a> with <a href="/wiki/Red_Electoral_Alliance" title="Red Electoral Alliance">Red Electoral Alliance</a> and various local groups and independents.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="County_Councils">County Councils</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: County Councils"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/County_council_(Norway)" class="mw-redirect" title="County council (Norway)">County Councils</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Election year </th> <th># of<br />overall votes </th> <th>% of<br />overall vote </th> <th># of<br />overall seats won </th> <th>± </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1991_Norwegian_local_elections" title="1991 Norwegian local elections">1991</a> </th> <td>1,339 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 977</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1995_Norwegian_local_elections" title="1995 Norwegian local elections">1995</a> </th> <td>2,072 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 953</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Norwegian_local_elections" title="1999 Norwegian local elections">1999</a> </th> <td>2,263 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 939</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2003_Norwegian_local_elections" title="2003 Norwegian local elections">2003</a> </th> <td>1,430 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 787</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2007_Norwegian_local_elections" title="2007 Norwegian local elections">2007</a> </th> <td>1,210 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 728</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2011_Norwegian_local_elections" title="2011 Norwegian local elections">2011</a> </th> <td>1,282 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 787</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2019_Norwegian_local_elections" title="2019 Norwegian local elections">2019</a> </th> <td>823 </td> <td>0.1 </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">0 / 787</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E32636; width: 0%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDokken,_Bjørn_Erik2008" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dokken, Bjørn Erik (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120724192922/http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=74255">"NKPs antikrigsarbeid 1923–1939: fra partistiftelsen til den tysk-sovjetiske ikke-angrepspakten"</a> (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oslo" title="University of Oslo">University of Oslo</a>. p. 15. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=74255">the original</a> on 24 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NKPs+antikrigsarbeid+1923%E2%80%931939%3A+fra+partistiftelsen+til+den+tysk-sovjetiske+ikke-angrepspakten&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=University+of+Oslo&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Dokken%2C+Bj%C3%B8rn+Erik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.duo.uio.no%2Fsok%2Fwork.html%3FWORKID%3D74255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrk.no/valg/2019/resultat/nb">"Arbeidarpartiet"</a>. <i>Valg 2019</i> (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Broadcasting_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation">Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Valg+2019&rft.atitle=Arbeidarpartiet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrk.no%2Fvalg%2F2019%2Fresultat%2Fnb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Myndighetenes trusseloppfatninger," in the <i><a href="/wiki/Lund_Report" title="Lund Report">Lund Report</a></i>, Official Document No. 15 (1995–96), pp. 155–189</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://valgresultat.no/?type=st&year=2017">"Count for Norway, Parliamentary Election, 2017"</a>. <i>Valgresultat.no</i>. Norwegian Directorate of Elections<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Valgresultat.no&rft.atitle=Count+for+Norway%2C+Parliamentary+Election%2C+2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvalgresultat.no%2F%3Ftype%3Dst%26year%3D2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-background-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-background_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-background_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Martin_Tranm%C3%A6l/utdypning">"Martin Tranmæl"</a> (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/Store_Norske_Leksikon" class="mw-redirect" title="Store Norske Leksikon">Store Norske Leksikon</a>. SNL.no<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martin+Tranm%C3%A6l&rft.pub=Store+Norske+Leksikon.+SNL.no&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2F.nbl_biografi%2FMartin_Tranm%25C3%25A6l%2Futdypning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Norges_Kommunistiske_Parti">"Norges Kommunistiske Parti"</a> (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/Store_Norske_Leksikon" class="mw-redirect" title="Store Norske Leksikon">Store Norske Leksikon</a>. 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Norges Kommunistiske Partis holdning til venstresamarbeid og samling i Sosialistisk Venstreparti, årene 1970–75"</a> (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oslo" title="University of Oslo">University of Oslo</a>. p. 20<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Norges Kommunistiske Partis holdning til venstresamarbeid og samling i Sosialistisk Venstreparti, årene 1970–75"</a> (in Norwegian). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oslo" title="University of Oslo">University of Oslo</a>. p. 18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Et+uunng%C3%A5elig+brudd%3F+Norges+Kommunistiske+Partis+holdning+til+venstresamarbeid+og+samling+i+Sosialistisk+Venstreparti%2C+%C3%A5rene+1970%E2%80%9375&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=University+of+Oslo&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Juvkam%2C+Dag+Jostein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.nb.no%2FURN%3ANBN%3Ano-30165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240524134613/https://www.webcitation.org/5kmoRvrrZ?url=http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/2808/norway.html%3F200628#germany">Stalin's Secret Wars in Norway</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965129–131-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965129–131_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJohansenSparring1965">Johansen & Sparring 1965</a>, pp. 129–131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965130–131-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965130–131_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJohansenSparring1965">Johansen & Sparring 1965</a>, pp. 130–131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965132-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965132_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJohansenSparring1965">Johansen & Sparring 1965</a>, p. 132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965132–135-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohansenSparring1965132–135_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJohansenSparring1965">Johansen & Sparring 1965</a>, pp. 132–135.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Benjamin, Roger W.; Kautsky, John H.. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1953329">Communism and Economic Development</a></i>, in The <a href="/wiki/American_Political_Science_Review" title="American Political Science Review">American Political Science Review</a>, Vol. 62, No. 1. (Mar., 1968), pp. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">VPK-Information 7-8, 1975</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenz1983" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Einhart_Lorenz" title="Einhart Lorenz">Lorenz, Einhart</a> (1983). <i>Det er ingen sak å få partiet lite. NKP 1923–1931</i> (in Norwegian). Oslo: Pax. p. 270. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/82-530-1255-1" title="Special:BookSources/82-530-1255-1"><bdi>82-530-1255-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Det+er+ingen+sak+%C3%A5+f%C3%A5+partiet+lite.+NKP+1923%E2%80%931931&rft.place=Oslo&rft.pages=270&rft.pub=Pax&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=82-530-1255-1&rft.aulast=Lorenz&rft.aufirst=Einhart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lorenz, 1983: pp. 37, 169, 229</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolbakken1951" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Evald_O._Solbakken" title="Evald O. 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class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2016090848246"><i>Protokoll for Norges kommunistiske partis (avd. av den Kommunistiske internasjonale) 3. ordinære landsmøte i Oslo, 9.-13. februar 1929</i></a>. xx: Internasjonalt arbeiderforlag. 1929.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Protokoll+for+Norges+kommunistiske+partis+%28avd.+av+den+Kommunistiske+internasjonale%29+3.+ordin%C3%A6re+landsm%C3%B8te+i+Oslo%2C+9.-13.+februar+1929&rft.place=xx&rft.pub=Internasjonalt+arbeiderforlag&rft.date=1929&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.nb.no%2FURN%3ANBN%3Ano-nb_digibok_2016090848246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-snlnkp-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-snlnkp_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/Norges_Kommunistiske_Parti">"Norges Kommunistiske Parti"</a>. <i>Store norske leksikon</i>. 10 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Store+norske+leksikon&rft.atitle=Norges+Kommunistiske+Parti&rft.date=2013-11-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FNorges_Kommunistiske_Parti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohansenSparring1965" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Johansen, Jahn Otto; Sparring, Åke (1965). <i>Kommunismen i Norden och den världskommunistiska rörelsens kris</i> (in Swedish) (1st ed.). <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>: Bokförlaget Aldus/Bonniers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kommunismen+i+Norden+och+den+v%C3%A4rldskommunistiska+r%C3%B6relsens+kris&rft.place=Stockholm%2C+Sweden&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Bokf%C3%B6rlaget+Aldus%2FBonniers&rft.date=1965&rft.au=Johansen%2C+Jahn+Otto&rft.au=Sparring%2C+%C3%85ke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACommunist+Party+of+Norway" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Norway&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in Norwegian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nkp.no/">Norges kommunistiske parti</a> – Official website</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Norwegian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051220031046/http://www.nkp.no/prinsipp/index.html">Prinsipprogram</a> – Statement of principles</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Norwegian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.friheten.no/">Friheten</a> – Party newspaper</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Norwegian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ungkommunist.no/">Ungkommunistene</a> -Party youth league</li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in English)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050822151428/http://www.nkp.no/e-index.html">Communist Party of Norway</a> – Information in English</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_Norway" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Norwegian_political_parties" title="Template:Norwegian political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Norwegian_political_parties" title="Template talk:Norwegian political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Norwegian_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Norwegian political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_Norway" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Norway" title="List of political parties in Norway">Political parties in Norway</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Bracketed numbers indicate current numbers of seats in parliament for the 2021-2025 term.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Storting" title="Storting">Storting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Norway)" title="Labour Party (Norway)">Labour</a> (48)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(Norway)" title="Conservative Party (Norway)">Conservative</a> (36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Norway)" title="Centre Party (Norway)">Centre</a> (28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_Party_(Norway)" title="Progress Party (Norway)">Progress</a> (21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Left_Party_(Norway)" title="Socialist Left Party (Norway)">Socialist Left</a> (13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Party_(Norway)" title="Red Party (Norway)">Red</a> (8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Norway)" title="Liberal Party (Norway)">Liberal</a> (8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Norway)" title="Green Party (Norway)">Green</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Party_(Norway)" title="Christian Democratic Party (Norway)">Christian Democratic</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patient_Focus_(Norway)" title="Patient Focus (Norway)">Patient Focus</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor parties<sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norway_Democrats" title="Norway Democrats">Norway Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensioners%27_Party_(Norway)" title="Pensioners' Party (Norway)">Pensioners'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_(Norwegian_political_party)" title="Conservative (Norwegian political party)">Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_and_Business_Party" title="Industry and Business Party">Industry and Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_Party_(Norway)" title="Center Party (Norway)">Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitalist Party">Capitalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_FNB" title="People's Party FNB">People's Party FNB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_(Norway)" title="Alliance (Norway)">Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovation_and_Technology_Party" title="Innovation and Technology Party">Innovation and Technology</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_Initiative_(Norway)" title="Feminist Initiative (Norway)">Feminist Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_Party" title="Coastal Party">Coastal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Socialists_(Norway)" title="Democratic Socialists (Norway)">Democratic Socialists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> registered national parties, by order of popular vote in <a href="/wiki/2021_Norwegian_parliamentary_election" title="2021 Norwegian parliamentary election">most recent general election</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Portal:Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of political parties by country">List of political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Norway" title="Politics of Norway">Politics of Norway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587803#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587803#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587803#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000105986460">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/158884279">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81037793">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Norges kommunistiske parti"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=uk2010588389&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007572700605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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