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security system</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: the housing security system"> <meta name="keywords" content="the housing security system"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="the housing security system"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 20061</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: the housing security system</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20061</span> Housing Security System and Household Entrepreneurship: Evidence from China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wangshi%20Yong">Wangshi Yong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Shi"> Wei Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Zou"> Jing Zou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiang%20Li"> Qiang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yilin%20Tian"> Yilin Tian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the advancement of the reform of China’s housing security system, the impact is becoming increasingly profound. This paper explores the relationship between the housing security system and household entrepreneurship on the 2017 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) and conducts a large number of robustness checks, including PSM and IV estimation. The results show that the assistance of the housing security system will significantly promote family entrepreneurship, increasing the probability of entrepreneurship by 2%. Its internal mechanism is mainly achieved by relaxing liquidity constraints and increasing household social capital. However, the risk preference effect has not existed. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive impact of the housing security system on family entrepreneurship is mainly reflected in areas with high housing prices and incomes, as well as households with long-term security and social or commercial insurance. Meanwhile, it also verifies that the positive externalities of the housing security system will also positively affect active entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial intensity, and entrepreneurial innovation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20housing%20security%20system" title="the housing security system">the housing security system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household%20entrepreneurship" title=" household entrepreneurship"> household entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20capital" title=" social capital"> social capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquidity%20constraints" title=" liquidity constraints"> liquidity constraints</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20preference" title=" risk preference"> risk preference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169555/housing-security-system-and-household-entrepreneurship-evidence-from-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169555.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20060</span> Measuring Housing Quality Using Geographic Information System (GIS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvija%20%C5%A0Iljeg">Silvija ŠIljeg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ante%20%C5%A0Iljeg"> Ante ŠIljeg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20Mari%C4%87"> Ivan Marić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Measuring housing quality is being done on objective and subjective level using different indicators. During the research 5 urban and housing indicators formed according to 58 variables from different housing, domains were used. The aims of the research were to measure housing quality based on GIS approach and to detect critical points of housing in the example of Croatian coastal Town Zadar. The purposes of GIS in the research are to generate models of housing quality indexes by standardisation and aggregation of variables and to examine accuracy model of housing quality index. Analysis of accuracy has been done on the example of variable referring to educational objects availability. By defining weighted coefficients and using different GIS methods high, middle and low housing quality zones were determined. Obtained results can be of use to town planners, spatial planners and town authorities in the process of generating decisions, guidelines, and spatial interventions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20quality" title="housing quality">housing quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20quality%20index" title=" housing quality index"> housing quality index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indicators" title=" indicators"> indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=models%20of%20housing%20quality" title=" models of housing quality"> models of housing quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53181/measuring-housing-quality-using-geographic-information-system-gis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53181.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20059</span> Microeconomic Consequences of the Housing Market Deformation in the Selected Region of the Czech Republic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hana%20Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1">Hana Janáčková</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Housing can be sorted as basic needs of households. Purchase of acceptable ownership housing is important investments for most them. For rental housing households must consider the part of rent expenditure paid in the total household income. For this reason, financial considerations of households in this area depend on the government innervations (public administration) in housing - on housing policy. Market system of housing allocation, whether ownership or tenancy, is based on the fact that housing is a scarce good. The allocation of housing is based on demand and supply. The market system of housing can sometimes have a negative impact on some households, the market is unable to satisfy certain groups of the population that are not able or willing to accept market price. For these reasons, there is a more or less regulation of the market. Regulation is both on the demand and supply side, and the state determines the rules of behaviour for all economic entities of the housing market. This article submits results of analysis of selected regulatory interference of the state in the housing market and assesses their implications deforming the market in the selected region of the Czech Republic. The first part describes tools of supports and the second part discusses deformations and analyses their consequences on the demand side of housing market and on supply side. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title="housing">housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20market" title=" housing market"> housing market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microeconomic%20consequences" title=" microeconomic consequences"> microeconomic consequences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformation" title=" deformation"> deformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64218/microeconomic-consequences-of-the-housing-market-deformation-in-the-selected-region-of-the-czech-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20058</span> An Exploration of the Provision of Government-Subsidised Housing without Title Deeds: A Recipient’s Interpretation of Security of Tenure</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mal%C3%A9ne%20Maria%20Magdalena%20Campbell">Maléne Maria Magdalena Campbell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremiah%20Mholo"> Jeremiah Mholo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-income households earning less than 3,500 ZAR (about 175 GBP) per month can apply to the South African government, through the National Housing Subsidy, for fully subsidised houses. An objective of this subsidy is to enable low-income households’ participation in the formal housing market; however, the beneficiaries received houses without title deeds. As such, if the beneficiaries did not have a secured tenure at the time of their death then surviving family may face possible eviction. Therefore, an aim of this research was to determine how these beneficiaries interpret tenure security. The research focused on government subsidised housing in the Dithlake settlement of a rural hamlet named Koffiefontein, in the Letsemeng Local Municipality of South Africa. Quantitative data on the beneficiaries were collected from the local municipality, while qualitative data were collected from a sample of 45 beneficiaries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-income%20families" title="low-income families">low-income families</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsidised%20housing" title=" subsidised housing"> subsidised housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titling" title=" titling"> titling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20market" title=" housing market"> housing market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51453/an-exploration-of-the-provision-of-government-subsidised-housing-without-title-deeds-a-recipients-interpretation-of-security-of-tenure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20057</span> Evaluation of Suitable Housing System for Adoption in Addis Ababa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yidnekachew%20Daget">Yidnekachew Daget</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Zhang"> Hong Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The decision-making process in order to select the suitable housing system for application in housing construction has been a challenge for many developing countries. This study evaluates the decision process to identify the suitable housing systems for adoption in Addis Ababa. Ten industrialized housing systems were considered as alternatives for comparison. These systems have been used in a housing development in different parts of the world. A relevant literature review and contextual analysis were conducted. An analytical hierarchy process and an Expert Choice Comparion platform were employed as a research technique and tool to evaluate the professionals’ level of preferences with regard to the housing systems. The findings revealed the priority rank and characteristics of the suitable housing systems to be adapted for application in housing development. The decision criteria and the analytical process used in this study can help the decision-makers and the housing developers in developing countries make effective evaluations and decisions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20hierarchy%20process" title="analytical hierarchy process">analytical hierarchy process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title=" decision-making"> decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expert%20choice%20comparion" title=" expert choice comparion"> expert choice comparion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrialized%20housing%20systems" title=" industrialized housing systems"> industrialized housing systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84106/evaluation-of-suitable-housing-system-for-adoption-in-addis-ababa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84106.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20056</span> Affordable Housing and Economic Sustainability: The Case of the Poorest of the Poor Housing in Debre Markos City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Menberu">Michael Menberu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Housing affordability is a crucial policy objective. Incorporating economic sustainability in affordable housing in the development of the poorest of the poor's housing programs has become a major concern. This paper examines the affordability and economic sustainability of the poorest of the poor affordable housing in Debre Markos city. To address this, this study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods, Using a questionnaire survey, Interviews, field observation, household survey, and Pearson correlation analysis. The findings show that households in the expansion area have lower monthly incomes than in the past, but they are satisfied with the housing quality, rental pricing, and tenure security of their homes. This demonstrates in providing affordable housing for the poorest of the poor the location of the houses must be considered in order to have affordable and economically sustainable development. The findings show that housing is not truly affordable if it is in an inaccessible place with a long commute to work, high transportation expenditures, and land use that is homogeneous. Increasing the supply of affordable housing in accessible locations helps the poorest of the poor achieve multiple planning objectives: it reduces transportation costs, improves incomes, provides infrastructure, and reduces the distance to the work area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title="housing">housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affordable%20housing" title=" affordable housing"> affordable housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20sustainability" title=" economic sustainability"> economic sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20poorest%20of%20the%20poor%20housing" title=" the poorest of the poor housing"> the poorest of the poor housing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186702/affordable-housing-and-economic-sustainability-the-case-of-the-poorest-of-the-poor-housing-in-debre-markos-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20055</span> The Development of Private Housing Schemes to Address the Housing Problem: A Case Study of Islamabad</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zafar%20Iqbal%20Zafar">Zafar Iqbal Zafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Waheed"> Abdul Waheed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Capital Development Authority (CDA) Ordinance 1960 requires CDA to acquire land for the provision of housing in Islamabad. However, the pace of residential development was slow and the demand for housing was increasing rapidly. To resolve the growing housing problem, CDA involved the private sector in the development of housing schemes. Detailed bye-laws for regulation of private housing schemes were prepared and these bylaws were called “Modalities & Procedures”. This paper explains how the Modalities and Procedures of CDA have been successful in regulating the development of private housing schemes in Islamabad. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20schemes" title="housing schemes">housing schemes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=master%20plan" title=" master plan"> master plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20works" title=" development works"> development works</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoning%20regulations" title=" zoning regulations"> zoning regulations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145778/the-development-of-private-housing-schemes-to-address-the-housing-problem-a-case-study-of-islamabad" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145778.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20054</span> An Assessment of Housing Affordability and Safety Measures in the Varied Residential Area of Lagos, A Case Study of the Amuwo-Odofin Local Government Area in Lagos State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jubril%20Olatunbosun%20Akinde">Jubril Olatunbosun Akinde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unplanned population growth are mostly attributed to a lack of infrastructural facilities and poor economic condition in the rural dwellings and the incidence of rural-urban migration, which has resulted in severe housing deficiency in the urban centre, with a resultant pressure on housing delivery in the cities. Affordable housing does not only encompass environmental factors that make living acceptable and comfortable, which include good access routes, ventilation, sanitation and access to other basic human needs, which include water and safety. The research assessed the housing affordability and safety measures in the varied residential area of lagos by examining the demographic and socioeconomic attributes of residents; examining the existing residential safety measures; by examining the residential quality in terms of safety; the researcher therefore examined if relationship between housing affordability and safety in the varied residential areas. The research adopted the bartlett, kotrlik and higgins (2001) method of t-test to determine the sample size which specifies different populations at different levels of significance (α). The researcher adopted primary data which was sourced from a field survey where the sample population was simply randomly selected to give a member of the population an equal chance of being selected, therefore, the sample size for the field survey was two hundred (200) respondents, and subjected to necessary testing. The research come to conclusion that housing safety and security is the responsibility of every resident, the landlords/landladies possess a better sense of security in their neighbourhood than renters in the community, therefore they need to be aware of their responsibility of ensuring the safety of lives and property. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title="housing">housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20affordability" title=" housing affordability"> housing affordability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20security" title=" housing security"> housing security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential" title=" residential"> residential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20quality" title=" residential quality"> residential quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162595/an-assessment-of-housing-affordability-and-safety-measures-in-the-varied-residential-area-of-lagos-a-case-study-of-the-amuwo-odofin-local-government-area-in-lagos-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20053</span> Preference for Housing Services and Rational House Price Bubbles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefanie%20Jeanette%20Huber">Stefanie Jeanette Huber</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the relevance and implications of preferences for housing services on house price fluctuations through the lens of an overlapping generation’s model. The model implies that an economy whose agents have lower preferences for housing services is characterized with lower expenditure shares on housing services and will tend to experience more frequent and more volatile housing bubbles. These model predictions are tested empirically in the companion paper Housing Booms and Busts - Convergences and Divergences across OECD countries. Between 1970 - 2013, countries who spend less on housing services as a share of total income experienced significantly more housing cycles and the associated housing boom-bust cycles were more violent. Finally, the model is used to study the impact of rental subsidies and help-to-buy schemes on rational housing bubbles. Rental subsidies are found to contribute to the control of housing bubbles, whereas help-to- buy scheme makes the economy more bubble-prone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20bubbles" title="housing bubbles">housing bubbles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20booms%20and%20busts" title=" housing booms and busts"> housing booms and busts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preference%20for%20housing%20services" title=" preference for housing services"> preference for housing services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expenditure%20shares%20for%20housing%20services" title=" expenditure shares for housing services"> expenditure shares for housing services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rental%20and%20purchase%20subsidies" title=" rental and purchase subsidies"> rental and purchase subsidies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46437/preference-for-housing-services-and-rational-house-price-bubbles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20052</span> Principles of Sustainable and Affordable Housing Policy for Afghan Refugees Returning to Afghanistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Saraj%20Sharifzai">Mohammad Saraj Sharifzai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keisuke%20Kitagawa"> Keisuke Kitagawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Kamil%20Halimee"> Mohammad Kamil Halimee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javid%20Habib"> Javid Habib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daishi%20Sakaguchi"> Daishi Sakaguchi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The overall goal of this paper is to examine the suitability and potential of the policies addressing the sustainability and affordability of housing for returnees, and to determine the impact of this policy on housing delivery for Afghan refugees. Housing is a central component of the settlement experience of refugees. A positive housing situation can facilitate many aspects of integration. Unaffordable, and unsafe housing, however, can cause disruptions in the entire settlement process. This paper aims to identify a suite of built forms for housing that is both affordable and environmentally sustainable for Afghan refugees. The result was the development of a framework that enables the assessment of the overall performance of various types of housing development in all zones of the country. There is very little evidence that the present approach of housing provision to the vagaries of market forces has provided affordable housing, especially for Afghan refugees. There is a need to incorporate social housing into the policy to assist people who cannot afford to have their own houses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghan%20refugees" title="Afghan refugees">Afghan refugees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20policy" title=" housing policy"> housing policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affordability" title=" affordability"> affordability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20housing" title=" social housing"> social housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20provision" title=" housing provision"> housing provision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sustainability%20principles" title=" environmental sustainability principles"> environmental sustainability principles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resettlement" title=" resettlement"> resettlement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41538/principles-of-sustainable-and-affordable-housing-policy-for-afghan-refugees-returning-to-afghanistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41538.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">567</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20051</span> The Impact of Public Open Space System on Housing Price in Chicago</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Si%20Chen">Si Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Le%20Zhang"> Le Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xian%20He"> Xian He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research explored the influences of public open space system on housing price through hedonic models, in order to support better open space plans and economic policies. We have three initial hypotheses: 1) public open space system has an overall positive influence on surrounding housing prices. 2) Different public open space types have different levels of influence on motivating surrounding housing prices. 3) Walking and driving accessibilities from property to public open spaces have different statistical relation with housing prices. Cook County, Illinois, was chosen to be a study area since data availability, sufficient open space types, and long-term open space preservation strategies. We considered the housing attributes, driving and walking accessibility scores from houses to nearby public open spaces, and driving accessibility scores to hospitals as influential features and used real housing sales price in 2010 as a dependent variable in the built hedonic model. Through ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis, General Moran’s I analysis and geographically weighted regression analysis, we observed the statistical relations between public open spaces and housing sale prices in the three built hedonic models and confirmed all three hypotheses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hedonic%20model" title="hedonic model">hedonic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20open%20space" title=" public open space"> public open space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20sale%20price" title=" housing sale price"> housing sale price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression%20analysis" title=" regression analysis"> regression analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility%20score" title=" accessibility score"> accessibility score</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114572/the-impact-of-public-open-space-system-on-housing-price-in-chicago" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20050</span> Developing a Systems Dynamics Model for Security Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuan-Chou%20Chen">Kuan-Chou Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper will demonstrate a simulation model of an information security system by using the systems dynamic approach. The relationships in the system model are designed to be simple and functional and do not necessarily represent any particular information security environments. The purpose of the paper aims to develop a generic system dynamic information security system model with implications on information security research. The interrelated and interdependent relationships of five primary sectors in the system dynamic model will be presented in this paper. The integrated information security systems model will include (1) information security characteristics, (2) users, (3) technology, (4) business functions, and (5) policy and management. Environments, attacks, government and social culture will be defined as the external sector. The interactions within each of these sectors will be depicted by system loop map as well. The proposed system dynamic model will not only provide a conceptual framework for information security analysts and designers but also allow information security managers to remove the incongruity between the management of risk incidents and the management of knowledge and further support information security managers and decision makers the foundation for managerial actions and policy decisions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20thinking" title="system thinking">system thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security%20systems" title=" information security systems"> information security systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20management" title=" security management"> security management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40859/developing-a-systems-dynamics-model-for-security-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20049</span> Design a Network for Implementation a Hospital Information System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulqader%20Rasool%20Feqi%20Mohammed">Abdulqader Rasool Feqi Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ergun%20Er%C3%A7elebi%CC%87"> Ergun Erçelebi̇</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A large number of hospitals from developed countries are adopting hospital information system to bring efficiency in hospital information system. The purpose of this project is to research on new network security techniques in order to enhance the current network security structure of save a hospital information system (HIS). This is very important because, it will avoid the system from suffering any attack. Security architecture was optimized but there are need to keep researching on best means to protect the network from future attacks. In this final project research, security techniques were uncovered to produce best network security results when implemented in an integrated framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20information%20system" title="hospital information system">hospital information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIS" title=" HIS"> HIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20security%20techniques" title=" network security techniques"> network security techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20protocol" title=" internet protocol"> internet protocol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IP" title=" IP"> IP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network" title=" network"> network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44356/design-a-network-for-implementation-a-hospital-information-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44356.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20048</span> Security Features for Remote Healthcare System: A Feasibility Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamil%20Chelvi%20Vadivelu">Tamil Chelvi Vadivelu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurazean%20Maarop"> Nurazean Maarop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasimah%20Che%20Yusoff"> Rasimah Che Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhana%20Aini%20Saludin"> Farhana Aini Saludin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Implementing a remote healthcare system needs to consider many security features. Therefore, before any deployment of the remote healthcare system, a feasibility study from the security perspective is crucial. Remote healthcare system using WBAN technology has been used in other countries for medical purposes but in Malaysia, such projects are still not yet implemented. This study was conducted qualitatively. The interview results involving five healthcare practitioners are further elaborated. The study has addressed four important security features in order to incorporate remote healthcare system using WBAN in Malaysian government hospitals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20healthcare" title="remote healthcare">remote healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20security" title=" IT security"> IT security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20features" title=" security features"> security features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20sensor%20application" title=" wireless sensor application"> wireless sensor application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20183/security-features-for-remote-healthcare-system-a-feasibility-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20047</span> Cost Reduction Techniques for Provision of Shelter to Homeless</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukul%20Anand">Mukul Anand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quality oriented affordable shelter for all has always been the key issue in the housing sector of our country. Homelessness is the acute form of housing need. It is a paradox that in spite of innumerable government initiated programmes for affordable housing, certain section of society is still devoid of shelter. About nineteen million (18.78 million) households grapple with housing shortage in Urban India in 2012. In Indian scenario there is major mismatch between the people for whom the houses are being built and those who need them. The prime force faced by public authorities in facilitation of quality housing for all is high cost of construction. The present paper will comprehend executable techniques for dilution of cost factor in housing the homeless. The key actors responsible for delivery of cheap housing stock such as capacity building, resource optimization, innovative low cost building material and indigenous skeleton housing system will also be incorporated in developing these techniques. Time performance, which is an important angle of above actors, will also be explored so as to increase the effectiveness of low cost housing. Along with this best practices will be taken up as case studies where both conventional techniques of housing and innovative low cost housing techniques would be cited. Transportation consists of approximately 30% of total construction budget. Thus use of alternative local solutions depending upon the region would be covered so as to highlight major components of low cost housing. Government is laid back regarding base line information on use of innovative low cost method and technique of resource optimization. Therefore, the paper would be an attempt to bring to light simpler solutions for achieving low cost housing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title="construction">construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost" title=" cost"> cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title=" housing"> housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelter" title=" shelter"> shelter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29179/cost-reduction-techniques-for-provision-of-shelter-to-homeless" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20046</span> The Potential of Shifting Urban Village to Public Housing through Sharing Economy: Case Study of Shenzhen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinrui%20Gao">Xinrui Gao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to explore the potential of shifting urban villages to public housing in China. In common practice, the central and local governments established two divided systems of urban redevelopment and public housing, including aims, design ideas, policy, headquarters, and branch offices. In most cases, the urban regeneration and public housing projects satisfy only the selected part of the society who can afford it (urban regeneration) or meet the requirements (public housing), which fail to cover the housing demand. However, there are many similarities between these two types of housing under the background of a shared economy, especially in target groups, affordable prices, and efficient use of spaces. Shenzhen always takes the lead in China’s urban regeneration and housing reformation. There are some top-down approaches to transforming housing in the urban village into public housing at present. These new approaches will provide a good chance to evaluate existing practices and explore the future development path of urban villages; while at the same time it could positively influence the housing problem in China. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20village" title="urban village">urban village</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20housing" title=" public housing"> public housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sharing%20economy" title=" sharing economy"> sharing economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20redevelopment" title=" urban redevelopment"> urban redevelopment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154615/the-potential-of-shifting-urban-village-to-public-housing-through-sharing-economy-case-study-of-shenzhen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20045</span> Housing Delivery in Nigeria: Repackaging for Sustainable Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Funmilayo%20L.%20Amao">Funmilayo L. Amao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amos%20O.%20Amao"> Amos O. Amao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has been observed that majority of the people are living in poor housing quality or totally homeless in urban center despite all governmental policies to provide housing to the public. On the supply side, various government policies in the past have been formulated towards overcoming the huge shortage through several Housing Reform Programmes. Despite these past efforts, housing continues to be a mirage to ordinary Nigerian. Currently, there are various mass housing delivery programmes such as the affordable housing scheme that utilize the Public Private Partnership effort and several Private Finance Initiative models could only provide for about 3% of the required stock. This suggests the need for a holistic solution in approaching the problem. The aim of this research is to find out the problems hindering the delivery of housing in Nigeria and its effects on housing affordability. The specific objectives are to identify the causes of housing delivery problems, to examine different housing policies over years and to suggest a way out for sustainable housing delivery. This paper also reviews the past and current housing delivery programmes in Nigeria and analyses the demand and supply side issues. It identifies the various housing delivery mechanisms in current practice. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to give you an insight into the delivery option for the sustainability of housing in Nigeria, given the existing delivery structures and the framework specified in the New National Housing Policy. The secondary data were obtained from books, journals and seminar papers. The conclusion is that we cannot copy models from other nations, but should rather evolve workable models based on our socio-cultural background to address the huge housing shortage in Nigeria. Recommendations are made in this regard. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title="housing">housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20delivery" title=" housing delivery"> housing delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20policy" title=" housing policy"> housing policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20affordability" title=" housing affordability"> housing affordability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5985/housing-delivery-in-nigeria-repackaging-for-sustainable-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20044</span> Analysis of Urban Housing Quality and Conditions within Kano Metropolis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurraheem%20A.%20Yakub">Abdurraheem A. Yakub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Housing is one of the needs of mankind and is one of the best indicators of a person’s standard of living. This research was set out to analyze the housing qualities and conditions in Kano. Primary data was collected through both Personal observations where the researcher carried out an inspection of the study area prior to interview/implementation of questionnaires and took into consideration the type of housing units, construction materials and services available as well as the environmental condition of the study area. This was followed by an interview which was done through personal contact with the various people related to the study. In the course of doing that, questions were asked orally and notes were taken to record the responses. Thereafter, the Questionnaire was implemented which was earlier designed to elicit information from households in the study area using well-structured questions related to the type of facilities provided in the housing unit, types of houses and response with regard to quality of their houses and neighborhoods, tenure of house. The research work looked at the prevailing housing qualities and conditions and the state of the existing facilities and amenities within the environment and offered recommendations on policies and measures that could help improve the situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20provision" title="housing provision">housing provision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20quality" title=" housing quality"> housing quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20standard" title=" housing standard"> housing standard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20condition" title=" housing condition"> housing condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20affordability%20and%20housing%20facilities" title=" housing affordability and housing facilities"> housing affordability and housing facilities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50050/analysis-of-urban-housing-quality-and-conditions-within-kano-metropolis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50050.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20043</span> Factors Affecting Residential Satisfaction in Low-Income Housing: Case Study of War College Housing in Gwarinpa Estate-Abuja, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulmajeed%20Mustapha">Abdulmajeed Mustapha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Sahin"> Murat Sahin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebru%20Karahan"> Ebru Karahan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-income housing for poor people in urban areas is a global challenge, especially in developing countries. The quality of construction of mass housing is oftentimes compromised, thus resulting in a housing deficit, thereby affecting the residential satisfaction of users. This research analyses the various factors affecting residential satisfaction in War College Housing Estate, Abuja, Nigeria. These were investigated using parameters such as environmental characteristics and public amenities such as public benefits, safety/security, and sociodemographic characteristics. The study adopted a quantitative approach for the data gathering through literature reviews within the topic’s scope. The survey was conducted between April to May 2021 using a questionnaire form that was distributed to household members, onsite analysis within the selected housing project, and interviews with a few professionals within the field of this research. Data gathered from the survey and analysis on housing and sociodemographic characteristics, amongst others, were acquired through the means of interviews and site surveys of the selected Housing Estate. Findings from the various characteristics determining satisfaction revealed that residents had varying levels of satisfaction, ranging from a scale of satisfied to dissatisfied. It is recommended that the government come up with policies that will not only make the environment clean and safe but also make sure that the needs of the people who live there are taken into account. This will help the people who live there be more satisfied with their homes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20satisfaction" title="residential satisfaction">residential satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighborhood%20satisfaction" title=" neighborhood satisfaction"> neighborhood satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-income%20housing" title=" low-income housing"> low-income housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-demographic%20characteristics" title=" socio-demographic characteristics"> socio-demographic characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150708/factors-affecting-residential-satisfaction-in-low-income-housing-case-study-of-war-college-housing-in-gwarinpa-estate-abuja-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20042</span> Housing Harmony: Social Integration in Singapore Public Housing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yingjie%20Feng">Yingjie Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Xu"> Lei Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenyu%20Cao"> Zhenyu Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the process of urbanization, public housing is often a powerful means to deal with large floating population. In the developed countries like the U.S, France, Singapore, and Japan, the experience on how to make use of public housing to realize social integration in aspects of race, class, religion, income is gained through years of practice. Take the example of Singapore, the article first introduces the ethnic composition background and public housing development in Singapore, and then gives a detailed explanation and analysis on social integration in public housing from the views of Ethnic quotas policy, community organization construction and design of public space. Finally, combined with the Chinese situation, the article points out that the solution for social integration in China is the organic mix of different income groups in public housing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floating%20population" title="floating population">floating population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20housing" title=" public housing"> public housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Singapore" title=" Singapore"> Singapore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20integration" title=" social integration"> social integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84771/housing-harmony-social-integration-in-singapore-public-housing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20041</span> A Comparative Analysis of Residential Quality of Public and Private Estates in Lagos</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Akinde">S. Akinde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jubril%20Olatunbosun"> Jubril Olatunbosun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, most of the urban centers in Nigeria are fast experiencing housing problems such as unaffordable housing and environmental challenges, all of which determine the nature of housing quality. The population continues to increase and the demand for quality housing increases probably at the same rate. Several kinds of houses serve various purposes; the objectives of the low cost housing schemes as the name suggests is to make houses quality to both the middle and lower classes of people in Lagos. A casual look into the study area of Iba Low Cost Housing Estate and the Unity Low Cost Housing Estate, Ojo and Alimosho respectively in Lagos State have shown a huge demands for houses. The study area boasts of a large population all engaged in various commercial activities with income at various levels. It would be fair to say that these people are mainly of the middle class and lower class. This means the low cost housing scheme truly serves these purposes. A Low Cost Housing Scheme of Iba which is publicly owned and Low Cost Housing Scheme of Unity Estate (UE) is privately owned. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing" title="housing">housing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20quality" title=" residential quality"> residential quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20cost%20housing%20scheme" title=" low cost housing scheme"> low cost housing scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public" title=" public"> public</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20estates" title=" private estates"> private estates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33438/a-comparative-analysis-of-residential-quality-of-public-and-private-estates-in-lagos" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">563</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20040</span> Factors Influencing the Housing Price: Developers’ Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernawati%20Mustafa%20Kamal">Ernawati Mustafa Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasnanywati%20Hassan"> Hasnanywati Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atasya%20Osmadi"> Atasya Osmadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The housing industry is crucial for sustainable development of every country. Housing is a basic need that can enhance the quality of life. Owning a house is therefore the main aim of individuals. However, affordability has become a critical issue towards homeownership. In recent years, housing price in the main cities has increased tremendously to unaffordable level. This paper investigates factors influencing the housing price from developer’s perspective and provides recommendation on strategies to tackle this issue. Online and face-to-face survey was conducted on housing developers operating in Penang, Malaysia. The results indicate that (1) location; (2) macroeconomics factor; (3) demographic factors; (4) land/zoning and; (5) industry factors are the main factors influencing the housing price. This paper contributes towards better understanding on developers’ view on how the housing price is determined and form a basis for government to help tackle the housing affordability issue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors%20influence" title="factors influence">factors influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=house%20price" title=" house price"> house price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20developers" title=" housing developers"> housing developers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysia" title=" Malaysia"> Malaysia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41899/factors-influencing-the-housing-price-developers-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20039</span> How Do Housing Market and Mortgage Solve the Housing Problem in Russian Regions?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudmila%20A.Guzikova">Liudmila A.Guzikova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Being federative state Russia includes more than 80 subjects which are widely diverse by climatic conditions, demographic characteristics, cultural traditions, intensity of migration, economic development and investment attraction and other parameters. Now, in the regions of the country all forms of housing problem are present - housing mismatch to sanitary and hygienic standards, overcrowding, forced residence in financially burdensome housing, homelessness, -although the extent of these symptoms varies widely. Heterogeneity of regional conditions in combination with specifics of regional housing situation requires to concentrate the study of housing problem on the regional level. Traditionally housing market and mortgage are considered as the instruments of housing problem solving. The question arises how the housing market and mortgage market contribute to solving the housing problem in the regions of Russia. Though the purchase of dwelling in ownership should not be regarded as a universal method of the housing problem solving, the purchase of dwelling both by own funds or by use of mortgage can reduce the problem and enhance public satisfaction of living conditions. The aim of the study is to identify differences and similarities in the development of regional housing markets and mortgage lending in the regions of Russia and to evaluate their impact on the status of the housing problem. To achieve the aim of the study the methods of correlation and regression analysis are used. The data of federal statistics constitutes the information base of research. The results of the study contribute to better understanding of the interrelations in housing sphere and can be used to work out social and economic development programs in the regions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20market" title="housing market">housing market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20problem" title=" housing problem"> housing problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortgage" title=" mortgage"> mortgage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20economy" title=" regional economy"> regional economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43567/how-do-housing-market-and-mortgage-solve-the-housing-problem-in-russian-regions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20038</span> A Comparative Study of Afghan Traditional and Contemporary Courtyard Housing Regarding Affordable Planning and Sustainability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Saraj%20Sharifzai">Mohammad Saraj Sharifzai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keisuke%20Kitagawa"> Keisuke Kitagawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Kamil%20Halimee"> Mohammad Kamil Halimee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javid%20Habib"> Javid Habib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daishi%20Sakaguchi"> Daishi Sakaguchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to upgrade a pleasing, sustainable and safe shelter in the Afghan urban community. It also aims to maintain traditional housing, which is fitted to its environment, while attempting to upgrade it with new, traditional standards. The three main objectives of this study are to upgrade the traditional courtyard house to become safe and sustainable today and tomorrow; to fit the contemporary house environmentally and culturally, and to suppress or reduce the broad gap between traditional and contemporary housing. The paper tries to exhibit and analyze the sustainably best practices available in both traditional and contemporary courtyard housing in Afghanistan. For instance, the use of thick walls and Tawa-Khana (floor heating system) shows the best sustainable practice in that context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghan%20Traditional%20Courtyard%20Housing%20%28ATCH%29" title="Afghan Traditional Courtyard Housing (ATCH)">Afghan Traditional Courtyard Housing (ATCH)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghan%20Contemporary%20Courtyard%20Housing%20%28ACCH%29" title=" Afghan Contemporary Courtyard Housing (ACCH)"> Afghan Contemporary Courtyard Housing (ACCH)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suitability%20planning" title=" suitability planning"> suitability planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=affordable%20and%20%20thermal%20comfort" title=" affordable and thermal comfort"> affordable and thermal comfort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44928/a-comparative-study-of-afghan-traditional-and-contemporary-courtyard-housing-regarding-affordable-planning-and-sustainability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">471</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20037</span> A Dynamic Spatial Panel Data Analysis on Renter-Occupied Multifamily Housing DC</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20Funes">Jose Funes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeff%20Sauer"> Jeff Sauer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laixiang%20Sun"> Laixiang Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research examines determinants of multifamily housing development and spillovers in the District of Columbia. A range of socioeconomic factors related to income distribution, productivity, and land use policies are thought to influence the development in contemporary U.S. multifamily housing markets. The analysis leverages data from the American Community Survey to construct panel datasets spanning from 2010 to 2019. Using spatial regression, we identify several socioeconomic measures and land use policies both positively and negatively associated with new housing supply. We contextualize housing estimates related to race in relation to uneven development in the contemporary D.C. housing supply. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighborhood%20effect" title="neighborhood effect">neighborhood effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorting" title=" sorting"> sorting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20spillovers" title=" spatial spillovers"> spatial spillovers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multifamily%20housing" title=" multifamily housing"> multifamily housing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160620/a-dynamic-spatial-panel-data-analysis-on-renter-occupied-multifamily-housing-dc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20036</span> Design and Realization of Computer Network Security Perception Control System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Miloudi%20Djelloul">El Miloudi Djelloul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on analysis on applications by perception control technology in computer network security status and security protection measures, from the angles of network physical environment and network software system environmental security, this paper provides network security system perception control solution using Internet of Things (IOT), telecom and other perception technologies. Security Perception Control System is in the computer network environment, utilizing Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) of IOT and telecom integration technology to carry out integration design for systems. In the network physical security environment, RFID temperature, humidity, gas and perception technologies are used to do surveillance on environmental data, dynamic perception technology is used for network system security environment, user-defined security parameters, security log are used for quick data analysis, extends control on I/O interface, by development of API and AT command, Computer Network Security Perception Control based on Internet and GSM/GPRS is achieved, which enables users to carry out interactive perception and control for network security environment by WEB, E-MAIL as well as PDA, mobile phone short message and Internet. In the system testing, through middle ware server, security information data perception in real time with deviation of 3-5% was achieved; it proves the feasibility of Computer Network Security Perception Control System. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20network" title="computer network">computer network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception%20control%20system%0D%0Asecurity%20strategy" title=" perception control system security strategy"> perception control system security strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radio%20Frequency%20Identification%20%28RFID%29" title=" Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) "> Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18725/design-and-realization-of-computer-network-security-perception-control-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18725.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20035</span> Socio-Cultural Behaviors of Individuals in High-Rise Housing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raweyah%20Al-Sedairawi">Raweyah Al-Sedairawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While high-rise housing detained massive negative connotations on several societies and well-being, this typology did deliver housing demand efficiently. Despite its adverse reference due to declining precedents, high-rise housing is still in global demand. Yet the suitability of this typology is still questioned. In this research, the suitability of high-rise housing as a socio-culturally sustainable solution to meet housing demands will be examined. By questioning what is the potential of high-rise housing as a socio-culturally sustainable solution for housing demands, the research will examine some high-rise housing practices. Through reviewing the literature on the origins of high-rise housing, how and why they were developed, some unsuccessful cases, and some successful cases, with the identification of factors for successful high-rise living. Thus, the research groundings will materialize from existing patterns of housing demands. Whilst most of the literature covers the housing market from an economic, real estate, and political perspective, there is less amount that discloses occupants’ reactions towards this typology and its appropriateness for the reason that income controls individuals’ choices. To bridge the gap, the prospect of implementing the study would be effective. This will be applied through a mixture of a qualitative and a quantitative methodology by conducting questionnaires and focus groups on existing cases of high-net-worth residential towers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviors" title=" behaviors"> behaviors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-rise" title=" high-rise"> high-rise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-cultural" title=" socio-cultural"> socio-cultural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166323/socio-cultural-behaviors-of-individuals-in-high-rise-housing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20034</span> Estimation of Break Points of Housing Price Growth Rate for Top MSAs in Texas Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Wu">Hui Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ye%20Li"> Ye Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Applying the structural break estimation method proposed by Perron and Bai (1998) to the housing price growth rate of top 5 MSAs in the Texas area, this paper estimated the structural break date for the growth rate of housing prices index. As shown in the estimation results, the break dates for each region are quite different, which indicates the heterogeneity of the housing market in response to macroeconomic conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20break" title="structural break">structural break</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20prices%20index" title=" housing prices index"> housing prices index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADF%20test" title=" ADF test"> ADF test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20model" title=" linear model"> linear model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145280/estimation-of-break-points-of-housing-price-growth-rate-for-top-msas-in-texas-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20033</span> Housing Loans Determinants before and during Financial Crisis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josip%20Viskovi%C4%87">Josip Visković</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Rimac%20Smiljani%C4%87"> Ana Rimac Smiljanić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ines%20Ivi%C4%87"> Ines Ivić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Housing loans play an important role in CEE countries’ economies. This fact is based on their share in total loans to households and their importance for economic activity and growth in CEE countries. Therefore, it is important to find out key determinants of housing loans demand in these countries. The aim of this study is to research and analyze the determinants of the demand for housing loans in Croatia. In this regard, the effect of economic activity, loan terms and real estate prices were analyzed. Also, the aim of this study is to find out what motivates people to take housing loans. Therefore, primarily empirical study was conducted among the Croatian residents. The results show that demand for housing loans is positively affected by economic growth, higher personal income and flexible loan terms, while it is negatively affected by interest rate rise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CEE%20countries" title="CEE countries">CEE countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Croatia" title=" Croatia"> Croatia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demand%20determinants" title=" demand determinants"> demand determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20loans" title=" housing loans"> housing loans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18312/housing-loans-determinants-before-and-during-financial-crisis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20032</span> Design and Implementation of a Cross-Network Security Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiyong%20Shan">Zhiyong Shan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preethi%20Santhanam"> Preethi Santhanam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinod%20Namboodiri"> Vinod Namboodiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajiv%20Bagai"> Rajiv Bagai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the emerging network worms and attacks have distributive characteristics, which can spread globally in a very short time. Security management crossing networks to co-defense network-wide attacks and improve the efficiency of security administration is urgently needed. We propose a hierarchical distributed network security management system (HD-NSMS), which can integrate security management across multiple networks. First, we describe the system in macrostructure and microstructure; then discuss three key problems when building HD-NSMS: device model, alert mechanism, and emergency response mechanism; lastly, we describe the implementation of HD-NSMS. The paper is valuable for implementing NSMS in that it derives from a practical network security management system (NSMS). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20security%20management" title="network security management">network security management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=device%20organization" title=" device organization"> device organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20response" title=" emergency response"> emergency response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-network" title=" cross-network"> cross-network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136743/design-and-implementation-of-a-cross-network-security-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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