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x-associated primary ovarian insufficiency</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fragile x-associated primary ovarian insufficiency"> <meta name="keywords" content="fragile x-associated primary ovarian insufficiency"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research 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class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fragile x-associated primary ovarian insufficiency"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4890</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fragile x-associated primary ovarian insufficiency</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4890</span> FMR1 Gene Carrier Screening for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency in Females: An Indian Scenario</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarita%20Agarwal">Sarita Agarwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepika%20Delsa%20Dean"> Deepika Delsa Dean</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Like the task of transferring photo images to artistic images, image-to-image translation aims to translate the data to the imitated data which belongs to the target domain. Neural Style Transfer and CycleGAN are two well-known deep learning architectures used for photo image-to-art image transfer. However, studies involving these two models concentrate on one-to-one domain translation, not one-to-multi domains translation. Our study tries to investigate deep learning architectures, which can be controlled to yield multiple artistic style translation only by adding a conditional vector. We have expanded CycleGAN and constructed Conditional CycleGAN for 5 kinds of categories translation. Our study found that the architecture inserting conditional vector into the middle layer of the Generator could output multiple artistic images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20counseling" title="genetic counseling">genetic counseling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FMR1%20gene" title=" FMR1 gene"> FMR1 gene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fragile%20x-associated%20primary%20ovarian%20insufficiency" title=" fragile x-associated primary ovarian insufficiency"> fragile x-associated primary ovarian insufficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=premutation" title=" premutation"> premutation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118798/fmr1-gene-carrier-screening-for-premature-ovarian-insufficiency-in-females-an-indian-scenario" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118798.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4889</span> Utility of CK7, CK20 and CDX-2 as a Potential Panel in Differentiating Primary Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors from Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to the Ovary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Esheba">Ghada Esheba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghadeer%20Aldoobi"> Ghadeer Aldoobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salwa%20Almalk"> Salwa Almalk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abrar%20Alshareef"> Abrar Alshareef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Al-khairi"> Eman Al-khairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Yaseen"> Eman Yaseen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In Saudi Arabia, ovarian cancer ranked seventh among female population and is the most common female genital tract malignancy after endometrial cancer. A slight increase in the incidence of ovarian cancer was observed from 2001–2008. Makkah, Riyadh, and the eastern region of Saudi Arabia had the highest incidence rate ratio for the number of ovarian cancer cases (1). Differentiating metastatic adenocarcinomas from primary ovarian carcinomas, especially those of endometrioid and mucinous type is clinically signiﬁcant and a challenge for clinicians and pathologists, yet the distinction has important therapeutic and prognostic implications. Aim: To clarify the most important histopathological criteria to differentiate between primary ovarian surface epithelial tumors especially mucinous and endometrioid subtypes, and metastatic adenocarcinoma and to evaluate the value of a panel of antibodies consisting of CK7, CK20, and CDX-2 in the distinction between primary ovarian surface epithelial tumors and metastatic adenocarcinoma. Material and methods: This study was carried out on 26 cases of primary ovarian surface epithelial neoplasms and 14 cases of metastatic ovarian adenocarcinoma. All cases were studied immunohistochemically using CK7, CK20, and CDX-2. Results: All cases of primary ovarian adenocarcinoma were positive for CK7. 25% and 58% of mucinous borderline mucinous tumor and mucinous carcinoma respectively were positive for CK20. Only 42% of mucinous carcinoma were positive for CDX-2. All cases of endometrioid carcinomas were negative for both CK20 and CDX-2. All cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma from the colon were negative for CK7 and positive for CK20 and CDX-2. Conclusions: CK7 is an important positive marker for primary ovarian tumors, while CK20 and CDX-2 are useful markers for colorectal carcinoma metastatic to the ovary. Caution should be taken as primary ovarian mucinous tumors may stain positive for CK20, CDX-2, or both, however, they usually exhibit a focal pattern of reactivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adenoma" title="adenoma">adenoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometrioid" title=" endometrioid"> endometrioid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignancy" title=" malignancy"> malignancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian" title=" ovarian"> ovarian</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43930/utility-of-ck7-ck20-and-cdx-2-as-a-potential-panel-in-differentiating-primary-ovarian-surface-epithelial-tumors-from-metastatic-adenocarcinoma-to-the-ovary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4888</span> WT1 Expression in Ovarian Malignant Surface Epithelial Tumors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoodreza%20Tahamtan">Mahmoodreza Tahamtan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Malignant surface epithelial ovarian tumors(SEOT) account for approximately 90% of primary ovarian cancer. We evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of WT1 protein among different histologic subtypes of SEOT. Immunohistochemistry for WT1 was done on 35 serous cystadenocarcinomas, 9 borderline serous tumors. A tumor was considered negative if < 1% of tumor cells were stained.Positive reactions were graded as follows:1+,1%-24%; 2+,25%-49%; 3+,50%-74%; 4+,75%-100%. Of the 35 cases of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma 30(85.7%)were diffusely positive(3+,4+),4 showed reactivity of < 50% of the tumor cells(1+,2+) and one were negative. All 9 borderline serous tumors showed immunoreactivity with WT1. WT1 is a good marker to distinguish primary ovarian serous carcinomas from other surface epithelial tumors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WT1" title="WT1">WT1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovary" title=" ovary"> ovary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignant" title=" malignant"> malignant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epithelial%20tumors" title=" epithelial tumors"> epithelial tumors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160272/wt1-expression-in-ovarian-malignant-surface-epithelial-tumors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4887</span> Multi-Omics Investigation of Ferroptosis-Related Gene Expression in Ovarian Aging and the Impact of Nutritional Intervention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Jung%20Li">Chia-Jung Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuan-Hao%20Tsui"> Kuan-Hao Tsui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As women age, the quality of their oocytes deteriorates irreversibly, leading to reduced fertility. To better understand the role of Ferroptosis-related genes in ovarian aging, we employed a multi-omics analysis approach, including spatial transcriptomics, single-cell RNA sequencing, human ovarian pathology, and clinical biopsies. Our study identified excess lipid peroxide accumulation in aging germ cells, metal ion accumulation via oxidative reduction, and the interaction between ferroptosis and cellular energy metabolism. We used multi-histological prediction of ferroptosis key genes to evaluate 75 patients with ovarian aging insufficiency and then analyzed changes in hub genes after supplementing with DHEA, Ubiquinol CoQ10, and Cleo-20 T3 for two months. Our results demonstrated a significant increase in TFRC, GPX4, NCOA4, and SLC3A2, which were consistent with our multi-component prediction. We theorized that these supplements increase the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) or electron transport chain (ETC), thereby increasing antioxidant enzyme GPX4 levels and reducing lipid peroxide accumulation and ferroptosis. Overall, our findings suggest that supplementation intervention significantly improves IVF outcomes in senescent cells by enhancing metal ion and energy metabolism and enhancing oocyte quality in aging women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-omics" title="multi-omics">multi-omics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrients" title=" nutrients"> nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferroptosis" title=" ferroptosis"> ferroptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20aging" title=" ovarian aging"> ovarian aging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167764/multi-omics-investigation-of-ferroptosis-related-gene-expression-in-ovarian-aging-and-the-impact-of-nutritional-intervention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4886</span> WT1 Exprassion in Malignant Surface Epithelial Ovarian Tumors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoodreza%20Tahamtan">Mahmoodreza Tahamtan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Malignant surface epithelial ovarian tumors (SEOT) account for approximately 90% of primary ovarian cancer. Wilms tumor gene (WT1) product was defined as a tumor suppressor gene, but today it is considered capable of performing oncogenic functions. There seems to be differences in WT1 expression patterns among SEOT subtypes. We evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of WT1 protein among different histologic subtypes of SEOT. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry for WT1 was done on 35 serous cystadenocarcinomas, 9 borderline serous tumors, 3 mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, 10 borderline mucinous tumors, 7 endometrioid ovarian carcinomas, 3 clear cell carcinomas, 1 malignant Brenner tumor, 2 metastatic adenocarcinomas, and 6 endometrial adenocarcinomas. A tumor was considered negative if < 1% of tumor cells were stained.Positive reactions were graded as follows:1+,1%-24%; 2+,25%-49%; 3+,50%-74%; 4+,75%-100%. Results: Of the 35 cases of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma, 30(85.7%) were diffusely positive (3+,4+),4 showed reactivity of < 50% of the tumor cells (1+,2+), and one were negative. All 9 borderline serous tumors showed immunoreactivity with WT1. All the mucinous tumors(n:13), endometrioid carcinomas (n: 7), clear cell carcinomas (n: 3), metastatic adenocarcinomas (n: 2) and primary endometrial carcinomas (n:6) were negative. The single malignant Brenner tumor showed a positive reaction for WT1(4+) Conclusion: WT1 is a good marker to distinguish primary ovarian serous carcinomas from other surface epithelial tumors (especially endometrioid subtype) and metastatic carcinomas (especially endometrial serous carcinoma), other than malignant mesothelioma. We cannot rely to the degree of expression inorder to separate high grade borderline serous tumors from low grade ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WT1" title="WT1">WT1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovary" title=" ovary"> ovary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epithelial%20tumors" title=" epithelial tumors"> epithelial tumors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignant" title=" malignant"> malignant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159905/wt1-exprassion-in-malignant-surface-epithelial-ovarian-tumors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4885</span> Effect of Unilateral Unoperated Ovarian Endometrioma on Responsiveness to Hyperstimulation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmaguid%20Ramzy">Abdelmaguid Ramzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bahaa"> Mohamed Bahaa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The effects of ovarian endometrioma on fertility outcomes with IVF have been always related to poor outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the effect of unilateral unoperated ovarian endometrioma < 2cm on the number of developing follicles and compare them with the contralateral ovary as a control. Design: Retrospective case control study. Setting: KasrEl-Aini IVF center. Patient(s): We studied 32 women with unilateral endometrioma who underwent their first IVF cycle. Methods: 32 Patients aged between 20-35 years selected for IVF who were diagnosed with one unilateral endometrioma (diameter <2 cm) and who did not undergo previous ovarian surgery were retrospectively identified. The number of follicles > 17 mm during folliculometry on the day of HCG trigger in the ovary that contained endometrioma were compared with those from the contralateral ovary. They were all hyperstimulated using long protocol with (225-300 IU) gonadotrophins. Primary outcome: The number of follicles > 17 mm during folliculometry on the day of HCG trigger. Result(s): The mean ± SD age, Day 3 serum FSH and LH were 27± 3.7 years, 5.8 ± 1.6 IU/ml and 4.5 ± 1.7 IU/ml respectively. There was no significant difference in the number of follicles > 17 mm on the day of HCG trigger in the ovary that contained endometrioma (4.4 ±2.5) and in the opposite ovary (4.5 ± 2.8) (P= 0.48). Conclusion: The presence of ovarian endometrioma in a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycle for IVF treatment is not associated with a reduced number of follicles > 17 mm during folliculometry on the day of HCG trigger. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometrioma" title="endometrioma">endometrioma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folliculometry" title=" folliculometry"> folliculometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperstimulation" title=" hyperstimulation"> hyperstimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility" title=" fertility"> fertility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8259/effect-of-unilateral-unoperated-ovarian-endometrioma-on-responsiveness-to-hyperstimulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4884</span> Metastatic Ovarian Tumor Discovered Accidentally during Cesarean Section in a 34 Year Old Woman: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20E.%20Esheba">Ghada E. Esheba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghufran%20Kheshaifaty"> Ghufran Kheshaifaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kholoud%20%20Al-Harbi"> Kholoud Al-Harbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafa%27a%20Al-Harbi"> Wafa'a Al-Harbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ala%27a%20Al-Orabi"> Ala'a Al-Orabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moayad%20Turkistani"> Moayad Turkistani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Krukenberg tumor is a rare metastatic ovarian carcinoma that usually occurs in female between 30 - 40 year old and rarely seen after menopause. Stomach is the most common primary site. Histopathological features of krukenberg tumors appear as diffuse stromal proliferation, mucus-production, and numerous signet-cells and these tumors spread mostly by lymphatic route. Treatment and prognostic factors are not well established. This study describes a 34 year old female with a unilateral ovarian mass discovered accidentally during cesarean section delivery and it was misdiagnosed as luteoma of pregnancy, but histopathological examination showed a diffuse infiltration of the ovary and omentum by signet ring cells. These findings were not correlated with luteoma of pregnancy or any other types of primary ovarian tumors like surface epithelial tumor, sex cord stromal tumor or germ cell tumor. However, after the analysis of immunohistochemical results (negative CK7, positive CK20 and CDX-2), the finding was the diagnostic of metastatic krukenberg tumor. Two weeks later, the patient was evaluated and a large gastric tumor was found in her stomach and she underwent gastrectomy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CK7" title="CK7">CK7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CK20" title=" CK20"> CK20</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CDX-2" title=" CDX-2"> CDX-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krukenburg%20tumor" title=" Krukenburg tumor"> Krukenburg tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metastatic%20ovarian%20tumor" title=" metastatic ovarian tumor"> metastatic ovarian tumor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59354/metastatic-ovarian-tumor-discovered-accidentally-during-cesarean-section-in-a-34-year-old-woman-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4883</span> In Vitro Evaluation of an Artificial Venous Valve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joon%20Hock%20Yeo">Joon Hock Yeo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munirah%20Ismail"> Munirah Ismail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chronic venous insufficiency is a condition where the venous wall or venous valves fail to operate properly. As such, it is difficult for the blood to return from the lower extremities back to the heart. Chronic venous insufficiency affects many people worldwide. In last decade, there have been many new and innovative designs of prosthetic venous valves to replace the malfunction native venous valves. However, thus far, to the authors’ knowledge, there is no successful prosthetic venous valve. In this project, we have developed a venous valve which could operate under low pressure. While further testing is warranted, this unique valve could potentially alleviate problems associated with chronic venous insufficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prosthetic%20venous%20valve" title="prosthetic venous valve">prosthetic venous valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bi-leaflet%20valve" title=" bi-leaflet valve"> bi-leaflet valve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20venous%20insufficiency" title=" chronic venous insufficiency"> chronic venous insufficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valve%20hemodynamics" title=" valve hemodynamics"> valve hemodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86146/in-vitro-evaluation-of-an-artificial-venous-valve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4882</span> Role of Human Epididymis Protein 4 as a Biomarker in the Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amar%20Ranjan">Amar Ranjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julieana%20Durai"> Julieana Durai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pranay%20Tanwar"> Pranay Tanwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background &Introduction: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor in the female. 70% of the cases of ovarian cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage. The five-year survival rate associated with ovarian cancer is less than 30%. The early diagnosis of ovarian cancer becomes a key factor in improving the survival rate of patients. Presently, CAl25 (carbohydrate antigen125) is used for the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of ovarian cancer, but its sensitivity and specificity is not ideal. The introduction of HE4, human epididymis protein 4 has attracted much attention. HE4 has a sensitivity and specificity of 72.9% and 95% for differentiating between benign and malignant adnexal masses, which is better than CA125 detection. Methods: Serum HE4 and CA -125 were estimated using the chemiluminescence method. Our cases were 40 epithelial ovarian cancer, 9 benign ovarian tumor, 29 benign gynaecological diseases and 13 healthy individuals. This group include healthy woman those who have undergoing family planning and menopause-related medical consultations and they are negative for ovarian mass. Optimal cut off values for HE4 and CA125 were 55.89pmol/L and 40.25U/L respectively (determined by statistical analysis). Results: The level of HE4 was raised in all ovarian cancer patients (n=40) whereas CA125 levels were normal in 6/40 ovarian cancer patients, which were the cases of OC confirmed by histopathology. There is a significant decrease in the level of HE4 with comparison to CA125 in benign ovarian tumor cases. Both the levels of HE4 and CA125 were raised in the nonovarian cancer group, which includes cancer of endometrium and cervix. In the healthy group, HE4 was normal in all patients except in one case of the rudimentary horn, and the reason for this raised HE4 level is due to the incomplete development of uterus whereas CA125 was raised in 3 cases. Conclusions: Findings showed that the serum level of HE4 is an important indicator in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer, and it also distinguishes between benign and malignant pelvic masses. However, a combination of HE4 and CA125 panel will be extremely valuable in improving the diagnostic efficiency of ovarian cancer. These findings of our study need to be validated in the larger cohort of patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20epididymis%20protein%204" title="human epididymis protein 4">human epididymis protein 4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title=" diagnosis"> diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benign%20lesions" title=" benign lesions"> benign lesions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108113/role-of-human-epididymis-protein-4-as-a-biomarker-in-the-diagnosis-of-ovarian-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4881</span> Fragile States as the Fertile Ground for Non-State Actors: Colombia and Somalia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giorgi%20Goguadze">Giorgi Goguadze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Zaj%C4%85czkowski"> Jakub Zajączkowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is written due to overview the connection between fragile states and non-state actors, we should take into account that fragile states may vary from weak, failing and failed. In this paper we will discuss about two countries, one of them is weak (Colombia/ second one is already failed- Somalia. We will try to understand what feeds ill non-state actors such as: terrorist organizations, criminal entities and other cells in these countries, what threats are they representing and how to eliminate these dangers in both national and international scope. This paper is mainly based on literature overview and personal attitude and doesn’t claim to be in scientific chain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fragile%20States" title="fragile States">fragile States</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title=" terrorism"> terrorism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribalism" title=" tribalism"> tribalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somalia" title=" Somalia"> Somalia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29056/fragile-states-as-the-fertile-ground-for-non-state-actors-colombia-and-somalia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4880</span> Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancer: Clinical and Pathological Pattern</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Ramalho">I. Ramalho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Campos"> S. Campos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Dias"> M. Dias</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Endometriosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer (OC), however, the risk and prognosis have not been well established. The association between these two pathologies could have an important impact on prevention and early diagnosis of OC. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of endometriosis associated ovarian cancer and related clinical, epidemiological and histopathological issues. Design: We conducted a retrospective case series analysis of patients diagnosed with endometriosis and ovarian cancer in the Gynecology Department of Coimbra University Hospital Center since 2006 to 2015. Methods: We collected data from women diagnosed with ovarian cancer, with anatomopathology records reporting findings of endometriosis in ovarian cancer patients. Patients were retrieved from the pathological records and appropriate medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. Results: Histological evidence of endometriosis was found in 17 out of 261 patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer (OC) (6.51%). The most usual symptoms were pelvic pain, abdominal distension, asthenia, ascites, weight loss and nausea. Mean age at diagnosis was 61.2 ± 15.1, 41-86 years old, 33.3% were pre-menopausal patients and cancer stage distribution was predominantly stage I (31.3%) and stage III (56.3%). OC occurred unilaterally in 14 patients and 2 patients were diagnosed with a synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancer. Regarding histological type, 10 OC were classified as clear cell carcinoma (CCC), 4 endometrioid carcinomas (EC) and 3 mixed type (clear cell and endometrioid). Four ovarian carcinomas presumably arose from endometriomas: 3 CCC and 1 EC. Conclusions: In accordance with previous studies, clear cell was the most common pathological type in endometriotic patients, followed by endometrioid carcinomas, and two rare synchronous ovarian and endometrial carcinomas were registered. Although endometriosis association to OC is uncommon, endometriosis should be managed with special care in order to early diagnosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometriosis" title="endometriosis">endometriosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histology" title=" histology"> histology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observational%20study" title=" observational study"> observational study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71642/endometriosis-associated-ovarian-cancer-clinical-and-pathological-pattern" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4879</span> FDX1, a Cuproptosis-Related Gene, Identified as a Potential Target for Human Ovarian Aging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Te%20Lin">Li-Te Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Jung%20Li"> Chia-Jung Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuan-Hao%20Tsui"> Kuan-Hao Tsui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cuproptosis, a newly identified cell death mechanism, has attracted attention for its association with various diseases. However, the genetic interplay between cuproptosis and ovarian aging remains largely unexplored. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing datasets related to ovarian aging and cuproptosis. Spatial transcriptome analyses were conducted in the ovaries of both young and aged female mice to elucidate the role of FDX1. Comprehensive bioinformatics analyses, facilitated by R software, identified FDX1 as a potential cuproptosis-related gene with implications for ovarian aging. Clinical infertility biopsies were examined to validate these findings, showing consistent results in elderly infertile patients. Furthermore, pharmacogenomic analyses of ovarian cell lines explored the intricate association between FDX1 expression levels and sensitivity to specific small molecule drugs. Spatial transcriptome analyses revealed a significant reduction in FDX1 expression in aging ovaries, supported by consistent findings in biopsies from elderly infertile patients. Pharmacogenomic investigations indicated that modulating FDX1 could influence drug responses in ovarian-related therapies. This study pioneers the identification of FDX1 as a cuproptosis-related gene linked to ovarian aging. These findings not only contribute to understanding the mechanisms of ovarian aging but also position FDX1 as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target. Further research may establish FDX1's pivotal role in advancing precision medicine and therapies for ovarian-related conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cuproptosis" title="cuproptosis">cuproptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FDX1" title=" FDX1"> FDX1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20aging" title=" ovarian aging"> ovarian aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker" title=" biomarker"> biomarker</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186481/fdx1-a-cuproptosis-related-gene-identified-as-a-potential-target-for-human-ovarian-aging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4878</span> Expression of Hypoxia-Inducible Transmembrane Carbonic Anhydrases IX, Ca XII and Glut 1 in Ovarian Cancer </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Sunitha">M. Sunitha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Nithyavani"> B. Nithyavani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathew%20Yohannan"> Mathew Yohannan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Thiruvieni%20Balajji"> S. Thiruvieni Balajji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Rathi"> M. A. Rathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Arul%20Raj"> C. Arul Raj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Ragavendran"> P. Ragavendran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20K.%20Gopalkrishnan"> V. K. Gopalkrishnan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Establishment of an early and reliable biomarker for ovarian carcinogenesis whose expression can be monitored through noninvasive techniques will enable early diagnosis of cancer. Carbonic anhydrases (CA) isozymes IX and XII have been suggested to play a role in oncogenic processes. In von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-defective tumors, the cell surface transmembrane carbonic anhydrase (CA) CA XI and CA XII genes are overexpressed because of the absence of pVHL. These enzymes are involved in causing a hypoxia condition, thereby providing an environment for metastasis. Aberrant expression of the facilitative glucose transporter GLUT I is found in a wide spectrum of epithelial malignancies. Studying the mRNA expression of CA IX, CA XII and Glut I isozymes in ovarian cancer cell lines (OAW-42 and PA-1) revealed the expression of these hypoxia genes. Immunohistochemical staining of carbonic anhydrases was also performed in 40 ovarian cancer tissues. CA IX and CA XII were expressed at 540 bp and 520 bp in OAW42, PA1 in ovarian cancer cell lines. GLUT-1 was expressed at 325bp in OAW 42, PA1 genes in ovarian cancer cell lines. Immunohistochemistry revealed high to moderate levels of expression of these enzymes. The immuostaining was seen predominantly on the cell surface membrane. The study concluded that these genes CA IX, CA XII and Glut I are expressed under hypoxic condition in tumor cells. From the present results expression of CA IX, XII and Glut I may represent potential targets in ovarian cancer therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title="ovarian cancer">ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonic%20anhydrase%20IX" title=" carbonic anhydrase IX"> carbonic anhydrase IX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XII" title=" XII"> XII</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glut%20I" title=" Glut I"> Glut I</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20markers" title=" tumor markers "> tumor markers </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9998/expression-of-hypoxia-inducible-transmembrane-carbonic-anhydrases-ix-ca-xii-and-glut-1-in-ovarian-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4877</span> Rejuvenation of Premature Ovarian Failure with Stem Cells/IVA Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Vojoudi">Elham Vojoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marzieh%20Mehrafza"> Marzieh Mehrafza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Hosseini"> Ahmad Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azadeh%20Raofi"> Azadeh Raofi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Najafi"> Maryam Najafi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Premature ovarian failure (POF) has become one of the main causes of infertility in women of childbearing age and the incidence of this disorder is increasing year by year. In these patients, poor ovarian response (POR) to gonadotropins reflects a diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) that gives place to few follicles despite aggressive stimulation. Up to now, egg donation is the only way to resolve infertility problems in POF patients. Therefore, some novel aspects such as activating (Akt signaling pathway) and inhibiting (Hippo-signaling) elements have been identified as IVA procedure that promotes primordial follicle activation. In this study, we used the newly developed technique (combination of in vitro activation of dormant follicles (IVA) and stem cell therapy) to promote ovarian follicle growth much more efficiently than the natural, in vivo process for women with POF. Transplantation of Warton Jelly-MSCs to the ovaries of POF patients rescued overall ovarian function. Participants (10 patients) were followed up monthly for a period of six months by hormonal (AMH, FSH, LH and E2), clinical (resuming menstruation), and US (folliculometry) outcomes after a laparoscopic operation. In summary, IVA/WJ-MSC transplantation may provide an effective treatment for POF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=POF" title="POF">POF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20activation" title=" in vitro activation"> in vitro activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cell%20therapy" title=" stem cell therapy"> stem cell therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infertility" title=" infertility"> infertility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149531/rejuvenation-of-premature-ovarian-failure-with-stem-cellsiva-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4876</span> Effects of New Anthraquinone Derivatives on Resistance Ovarian Cancer Cells and The Mechanism Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui-Hsin%20Huang">Hui-Hsin Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Tung%20Huang"> Sheng-Tung Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi-Ming%20Lee"> Chi-Ming Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiao-Han%20Yen"> Chiao-Han Yen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Mao%20Lin"> Chun-Mao Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At initiation stage, there are no symptoms at initiation stage; however, at late stage, patients suffer symptoms as soon as ovarian cancer metastasis. Moreover, ovarian cancer cells are resistant to some anti-ovarian cancer drugs in clinical. Thus, it is very important to find an effective treatment for resistant ovarian cancer. Anthraquinone derivatives are able to induce DNA damage and lead to cell apoptosis, so several derivatives have been used for clinical application. Therefore, to explore more effective anti-ovarian cancer drugs, this study investigates the mechanism of three new anthraquinone compounds bearing different functional groups to camptothecin-resistance ovarian cell line A2780R2000. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay after treating A2780R2000 with the three new anthraquinone compounds. The results indicated that IC50 values are 33.44μM (Compound I), 25.77μM (Compound II) and 24.59μM (Compound III). Next, through cell cycle analysis, the results demonstrated that three new anthraquinone compounds not only induced A2780R2000 cell cycle arrest at early stage but also apoptosis at late stage. Besides, through apoptosis assay, the results indicated new anthraquinone compound induced apoptosis at late stage. Furthermore, the results of western blot show that the three new anthraquinone compounds lead to A2780R2000 apoptosis through intrinsic pathway. Theses results suggested that three new anthraquinone compounds may be potential new drugs for clinical cancer treatment in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthraquinone" title="anthraquinone">anthraquinone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camptothecin" title=" camptothecin"> camptothecin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance" title=" resistance"> resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44883/effects-of-new-anthraquinone-derivatives-on-resistance-ovarian-cancer-cells-and-the-mechanism-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4875</span> Risk Factors and Biomarkers for the Recurrence of Ovarian Endometrioma: About the Immunoreactivity of Progesterone Receptor Isoform B and Nuclear Factor Kappa B.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ae%20Ra%20Han">Ae Ra Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taek%20Hoo%20Lee"> Taek Hoo Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun%20Zoo%20Kim"> Sun Zoo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hwa%20Young%20%20Lee"> Hwa Young Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ovarian endometrioma is one of the important causes of poor ovarian reserve and up to half of them have recurred. However, the treatment for recurrence prevention has limited efficiency and repeated surgical management makes worsen the ovarian reserve. To find better management for recurrence prevention, we investigated risk factors and biomarkers for the recurrence of ovarian endometrioma. Methods: The medical records of women with the history of surgical dissection for ovarian endometrioma were collected. After exclusion of the cases with concurrent hysterectomy, been menopaused during follow-up, incomplete medical record, and loss of follow-up, a total of 134 women were enrolled. Immunohistochemical staining for progesterone receptor isoform B (PR-B) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) was done with the fixed tissue blocks of their endometriomas which were collected at the time of surgery. Results: Severity of dysmenorrhea and co-existence of adenomyosis had significant correlation with recurrence of endometrioma. Increased PR-B (P = .041) and decreased NFκB (P = .036) immunoreactivity were found in recurrent group. Serum CA-125 level at the time of recurrence was higher than the highest level of CA-125 during follow-up in unrecurred group (55.6 vs. 21.3 U/mL, P = .014). Conclusion: We found that the severity of dysmenorrhea and coexistence of adenomyosis are risk factors for recurrence of ovarian endometrioma, and serial follow-up of CA-125 is effective to detect and prevent the recurrence. However, to determine the possibility of immunoreactivity of PR-B and NFκB as biomarkers for ovarian endometrioma, further studies of various races and large numbers with prospective design are needed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometriosis" title="endometriosis">endometriosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recurrence" title=" recurrence"> recurrence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker" title=" biomarker"> biomarker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50727/risk-factors-and-biomarkers-for-the-recurrence-of-ovarian-endometrioma-about-the-immunoreactivity-of-progesterone-receptor-isoform-b-and-nuclear-factor-kappa-b" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50727.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4874</span> Ovarian Stimulation and Oocyte Cryopreservation for Fertility Preservation in Adolescent Females at the Royal Children’s Hospital: A Case Series</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kira%20Merigan">Kira Merigan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BACKGROUND- Fertility preservation (FP) measures are increasingly recognised as an important consideration for children and adolescents planned to undergo potentially damaging gonadotoxic therapy. Worldwide, there are very few documented cases of FP in young females by way of ovarian stimulation and oocyte cryopreservation.AIM – To report a case series of mature oocyte cryopreservation in 5post-pubertal adolescents aged 14-17 years old, with varied medical conditions requiring gonadotoxic treatment. SETTING-These cases took place via a multidisciplinary team approach at The Royal Children’s Hospital, a large tertiary centre in Melbourne, Australia. INTERVENTION– Ovarian stimulation and oocyte collection was performed as detailed in each case. RESULTS –Across the 5 patients, 3-28 oocytes were retrieved. We report pre-treatment workup, complications, and delays to treatment. CONCLUSION- Oocyte cryopreservation may be a safe alternative to ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) in the adolescent population <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility%20preservation" title="fertility preservation">fertility preservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescent" title=" adolescent"> adolescent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20stimulation" title=" ovarian stimulation"> ovarian stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oocyte%20cryopreservation" title=" oocyte cryopreservation"> oocyte cryopreservation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145436/ovarian-stimulation-and-oocyte-cryopreservation-for-fertility-preservation-in-adolescent-females-at-the-royal-childrens-hospital-a-case-series" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4873</span> Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors and Their Histological Mimics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Esheba">Ghada Esheba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebtisam%20Aljerayan"> Ebtisam Aljerayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afnan%20Al-Ghamdi"> Afnan Al-Ghamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atheer%20Alsharif"> Atheer Alsharif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20alzahrani"> Hanan alzahrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Primary ovarian neoplasms comprise a heterogeneous group of tumors of three main subtypes: surface epithelial, germ cell, and sex cord-stromal. The wide morphological variation within and between these groups can result in diagnostic difficulties. Gonadal sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST) represent one of the most heterogeneous categories of human neoplasms, because they may contain various combinations of different gonadal sex cord and stromal element. Aim: The aim of this work is to highlight the clinicopathological characteristics of SCST and to assess the value of alpha-inhibin and calretinin in the distinction between SCST and their mimics. Material and methods: This study was carried out on 100 cases using full tissue sections; 70 cases were SCST and 30 cases were histological mimics of SCST. The cases were studied using immunohistochemically using alpha-inhibin. In addition, an ovarian tissue microarray containing 170 benign and malignant ovarian neoplasms was also studied immunohistochemically for calretinin expression. The ovarian microarray included 14 SCST, 59 ovarian serous borderline tumors, 17 mucinous borderline tumors, 10 mucinous adenocarcinomas, 32 endometrioid adenocarcinomas, 34 clear cell carcinomas, and 4 germ cell tumors. Results: 99% of SCST examined using full tissue sections exhibited positive cytoplasmic staining for inhibin. On the contrary, only 7% of the histological mimics (P value < 0.0001). 86% of SCST in the tissue microarray were positive for calretinin with nuclear and/or cytoplasmic staining compared to only 7% of the other tumor types (P value < 0.0001). Conclusions: SCST have characteristic clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features and their recognition is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment. Alpha-inhibin and calretinin are of great help in the diagnosis of sex cord-stromal tumors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calretinin" title="calretinin">calretinin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granulosa%20cell%20tumor" title=" granulosa cell tumor"> granulosa cell tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inhibin" title=" inhibin"> inhibin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20cord-stromal%20tumors" title=" sex cord-stromal tumors "> sex cord-stromal tumors </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40762/clinicopathological-and-immunohistochemical-study-of-ovarian-sex-cord-stromal-tumors-and-their-histological-mimics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4872</span> Comprehensive Multi-Omics Study Highlights Osteopontin/SPP1 in Ovarian Aging Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Jung%20Li">Chia-Jung Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Te%20Lin"> Li-Te Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuan-Hao%20Tsui"> Kuan-Hao Tsui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study identifies SPP1 as a potential gene associated with ovarian aging, revealing a significant decline in its expression in aged ovaries. SPP1, also known as osteopontin (OPN), is a multifunctional glycoprotein involved with regulatory proteins and pro-inflammatory immune chemokines. However, its genetic links to ovarian aging have not been extensively explored. Spatial transcriptomic analyses were conducted on ovaries from young and aged female mice, along with a sample from a 73-year-old individual. Additionally, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis was performed to identify associations between SPP1 and key genes. The study focused on crucial genes, including ITGAV, ITGB1, CD44, MMP3, and FN1, with a particular emphasis on the correlation between SPP1 and ITGB1. The findings indicate a significant decline in SPP1 expression in aged ovaries, which was consistent in the 73-year-old sample. Single-cell RNA sequencing unveiled associations between SPP1 and key genes, emphasizing a strong co-expression correlation between SPP1 and ITGB1. While the study provides valuable insights, further research is necessary to understand the broader implications and potential applications of SPP1 in ovarian aging. Translating these findings to clinical settings requires careful consideration. The identification of SPP1 as a gene implicated in ovarian aging opens new avenues for advancing precision medicine and refining treatment strategies for conditions related to ovarian aging. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPP1" title="SPP1">SPP1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20aging" title=" ovarian aging"> ovarian aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20transcriptomic" title=" spatial transcriptomic"> spatial transcriptomic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-cell%20RNA%20sequencing" title=" single-cell RNA sequencing"> single-cell RNA sequencing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186479/comprehensive-multi-omics-study-highlights-osteopontinspp1-in-ovarian-aging-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4871</span> Blood Thicker Than Water: A Case Report on Familial Ovarian Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanna%20Marie%20A.%20Paulino-Morente">Joanna Marie A. Paulino-Morente</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vaneza%20Valentina%20L.%20Penolio"> Vaneza Valentina L. Penolio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grace%20Sabado"> Grace Sabado</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ovarian cancer is extremely hard to diagnose in its early stages, and those afflicted at the time of diagnosis are typically asymptomatic and in the late stages of the disease, with metastasis to other organs. Ovarian cancers often occur sporadically, with only 5% associated with hereditary mutations. Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes have been found to be responsible for the majority of hereditary ovarian cancers. One type of ovarian tumor is Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor (MMMT), which is a very rare and aggressive type, accounting for only 1% of all ovarian cancers. Reported is a case of a 43-year-old G3P3 (3003), who came into our institution due to a 2-month history of difficulty of breathing. Family history reveals that her eldest and younger sisters both died of ovarian malignancy, with her younger sister having a histopathology report of endometrioid ovarian carcinoma, left ovary stage IIIb. She still has 2 asymptomatic sisters. Physical examination pointed to pleural effusion of right lung, and presence of bilateral ovarian new growth, which had a Sassone score of 13. Admitting Diagnosis was G3P3 (3003), Ovarian New Growth, bilateral, Malignant; Pleural effusion secondary to malignancy. BRCA was requested to establish a hereditary mutation; however, the patient had no funds. Once the patient was stabilized, TAHBSO with surgical staging was performed. Intraoperatively, the pelvic cavity was occupied by firm, irregularly shaped ovaries, with a colorectal metastasis. Microscopic sections from both ovaries and the colorectal metastasis had pleomorphic tumor cells lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelium exhibiting glandular complexity, displaying nuclear atypia and increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, which are infiltrating the stroma, consistent with the features of Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor, since MMMT is composed histologically of malignant epithelial and sarcomatous elements. In conclusion, discussed is the clinic-pathological feature of a patient with primary ovarian Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor, a rare malignancy comprising only 1% of all ovarian neoplasms. Also, by understanding the hereditary ovarian cancer syndromes and its relation to this patient, it cannot be overemphasized that a comprehensive family history is really fundamental for early diagnosis. The familial association of the disease, given that the patient has two sisters who were diagnosed with an advanced stage of ovarian cancer and succumbed to the disease at a much earlier age than what is reported in the general population, points to a possible hereditary syndrome which occurs in only 5% of ovarian neoplasms. In a low-resource setting, being in a third world country, the following will be recommended for monitoring and/or screening women who are at high risk for developing ovarian cancer, such as the remaining sisters of the patient: 1) Physical examination focusing on the breast, abdomen, and rectal area every 6 months. 2) Transvaginal sonography every 6 months. 3) Mammography annually. 4) CA125 for postmenopausal women. 5) Genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 will be reserved for those who are financially capable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRCA" title="BRCA">BRCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hereditary%20breast-ovarian%20cancer%20syndrome" title=" hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome"> hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignant%20mixed%20mullerian%20tumor" title=" malignant mixed mullerian tumor"> malignant mixed mullerian tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33478/blood-thicker-than-water-a-case-report-on-familial-ovarian-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4870</span> Genetic Determinants of Ovarian Response to Gonadotropin Stimulation in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Tohlob">D. Tohlob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Abo%20Hashem"> E. Abo Hashem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ghareeb"> N. Ghareeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghanem"> M. Ghanem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Elfarahaty"> R. Elfarahaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Roberts"> S. A. Roberts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Pemberton"> P. Pemberton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Mohiyiddeen"> L. Mohiyiddeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20G.%20Newman"> W. G. Newman </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gonadotropin stimulation is used in females undergoing assisted reproductive treatment for ovulation induction, but ovarian response is variable and unpredictable in these women. More effective protocols and individualization of treatment are needed to increase the success rate of IVF/ICSI cycles. We genotyped seven variants reported in previous studies to be associated with ovarian response (number of ova retrieved and total gonadotropin dose) in women undergoing IVF treatment including FSHR variants Asn 680 Ser (c.2039 A > G), Thr 307 Ala (c. 919 > A), -29 G > A, HRG c.610 C > T gene, BMP15 -9 C > G, AMH Ile 49 Ser (c.146 G > T), and AMHR -489A˃G in 118 Egyptian females attending Mansoura Integrated Fertility Center in Egypt, these females were undergoing their first cycle of controlled ovarian hyper stimulation for IVF/ICSI treatment. They were analyzed by TaqMan allelic discrimination assay in Manchester Center of Genomic Medicine. We found no evidence of any significant difference (p value < 0.05) in the number of eggs retrieved or the gonadotropin dose used between individuals in all genotypes except for HRG c.610 C > T gene polymorphism where regression analysis gives a p value of 0.04 with a fewer eggs number in TT genotyped females. These results indicate that these variants do not provide sufficient clinically relevant data to individualize the treatment protocols. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controlled%20ovarian%20hyperstimulation" title="controlled ovarian hyperstimulation">controlled ovarian hyperstimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20variants" title=" gene variants"> gene variants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20response" title=" ovarian response"> ovarian response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assisted%20reproduction" title=" assisted reproduction"> assisted reproduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37258/genetic-determinants-of-ovarian-response-to-gonadotropin-stimulation-in-women-undergoing-assisted-reproductive-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4869</span> Insufficiency Fracture of Femoral Head in Patients Treated With Intramedullary Nailing for Proximal Femur Fracture </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jai%20Hyung%20Park">Jai Hyung Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugene%20Kim"> Eugene Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Hun%20Park"> Jin Hun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Joon%20Oh"> Min Joon Oh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head (SIF) is a rare complication; however, it has been recognized to cause femoral head collapse. Subchondral insufficiency fracture (SIF) is caused by normal or physiological stress without any trauma. It has been reported in osteoporotic patients after the fixation of the proximal femur with an Intramedullary nail. Case presentation: We reported 5 cases with SIF of the femoral head after proximal femur fracture fixation with Intra-medullary nail. All patients had osteoporosis as an underlying disease. Good reduction was achieved in all 5 patients. SIF was found from about 3 months to 4 years after the initial operation, and all the fractures were solidly united at the final diagnosis. We investigated retrospectively the feature of those cases and several factors that affected the occurrence of SIF. Discussion: There are a few discussions regarding the SIF of the femoral head. These discussions may include the predisposing risk factors, how to diagnose the SIF in osteoporotic patients, and the peri-operative factors to prevent SIF. Conclusion: Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head is a considerable complication after the internal fixation of the proximal femur. There are several factors that can be modified. If they could be controlled in the peri-operative period, SIF could be prevented or handled in advance. Other options related to arthroplasty can be considered in old osteoporotic patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insufficiency%20fracture%20of%20femoral%20head" title="insufficiency fracture of femoral head">insufficiency fracture of femoral head</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intra-medullary%20nail" title=" intra-medullary nail"> intra-medullary nail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proximal%20femur%20fracture" title=" proximal femur fracture"> proximal femur fracture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117685/insufficiency-fracture-of-femoral-head-in-patients-treated-with-intramedullary-nailing-for-proximal-femur-fracture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4868</span> Borderline Ovarian Tumor: Management of Recurrence After Conservative Surgical Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghorbeli%20Eya">Ghorbeli Eya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naija%20Lamia"> Naija Lamia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khessairi%20Nayssem"> Khessairi Nayssem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadallah%20Fatma"> Saadallah Fatma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slimane%20Maher"> Slimane Maher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Ben%20Dhiab"> Tarek Ben Dhiab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> INTRODUCTION: Borderline ovarian tumors account for 15 to 20% of ovarian tumors. Prognostic factors of recurrence include the stage of the disease, presence of peritoneal implants, micropapillary pattern, microinvasion and intra-epithelial carcinoma. Fertility sparing constitutes a major therapeutic issue in young patients that leads to conservative surgical treatment in specific cases. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective descriptive study including patients treated at the Salah Azaiez Institute for Borderline Ovarian Tumor who underwent conservative surgical treatment from 2003 to 2018. RESULTS: Nine patients were included in our study. The median age was 33 years. Three patients were nulliparous. Given the age, conservative treatment was indicated in all these patients. Cystectomy without ovariectomy was indicated in 5 of the 9 women, which was within the margin of tumor resection on definitive anatomopathic examination in 3 of the 5 women. In contrast, given the impossibility of ovarian conservation, total annexectomy was carried out in 4 of all these women. All of the patients were followed regularly postoperatively; three had a carcinomatous transformation as an ovarian adenocarcinoma at an average interval of 18 months. Among these three patients, a single one presented intra-peritoneal metastases, requiring radical surgical treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy with 6 cures of Carbo-Taxol, with a good tolerance and a complete response. Moreover, one patient had a recurrence on the contralateral ovary as a Borderline mucinous ovarian tumor. For the remaining four women, after a median follow-up of 35 months, one patient fell spontaneously pregnant during follow-up, and three patients were in complete remission at 16 months. CONCLUSION: Borderline tumors of the ovary usually occur in young patients, which makes conservative treatment advisable if possible, but this always comes with a risk of recurrence and/or carcinomatous transformation, especially if the conservative surgical procedure was a cystectomy instead of a total annexectomy, and even more so if the resection margins were tumoral. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20tumor" title="ovarian tumor">ovarian tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservative%20treatment" title=" conservative treatment"> conservative treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20management" title=" surgical management"> surgical management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=borderline%20ovarian%20tumor" title=" borderline ovarian tumor"> borderline ovarian tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recurrence%20management" title=" recurrence management"> recurrence management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190122/borderline-ovarian-tumor-management-of-recurrence-after-conservative-surgical-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4867</span> Sexual Satifaction in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nashi%20Khan">Nashi Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Khalid"> Amina Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: The purpose of this research was to find the psychiatric morbidity and level of sexual satisfaction among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome and their comparison with women with general medical conditions and to examine the correlation between psychiatric morbidity and sexual satisfaction among these women. Design: Cross sectional research design was used. Method: A total of 176 (M age = 30, SD = 5.83) women were recruited from both private and public sector hospitals in Pakistan. About 88 (50%) of the participants were diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome (cases), whereas other 50% belonged to control group. Data were collected using semi structured interview. Sexual satisfaction scale for women (SSS-W) was administered to measure sexual satisfaction level and psychiatric morbidity was assessed by Symptom Checklist-Revised. Results: Results showed that participant’s depression and anxiety level had significant negative correlation with their sexual satisfaction level, whereas, anxiety and depression shared a significant positive correlation. There was a significant difference in the scores for sexual satisfaction, depression and anxiety for both cases and controls. These results suggested that women suffering from polycystic ovarian syndrome tend to be less sexually satisfied and experienced relatively more symptoms of depression and anxiety as compared to controls. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20of%20sexual%20satisfaction" title="level of sexual satisfaction">level of sexual satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychiatric%20morbidity" title=" psychiatric morbidity"> psychiatric morbidity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycystic%20ovarian%20syndrome" title=" polycystic ovarian syndrome"> polycystic ovarian syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36350/sexual-satifaction-in-women-with-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36350.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4866</span> Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency in Postmenopausal Women with Obesity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladyslav%20Povoroznyuk">Vladyslav Povoroznyuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Musiienko"> Anna Musiienko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nataliia%20Dzerovych"> Nataliia Dzerovych</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roksolana%20Povoroznyuk"> Roksolana Povoroznyuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oksana%20Ivanyk"> Oksana Ivanyk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Deficiency and insufficiency of Vitamin D is a pandemic of the 21<sup>st</sup> century. Obesity patients have a lower level of vitamin D, but the literature data are contradictory. The purpose of this study is to investigate deficiency and insufficiency vitamin D in postmenopausal women with obesity. We examined 1007 women aged 50-89 years. Mean age was 65.74±8.61 years; mean height was 1.61±0.07 m; mean weight was 70.65±13.50 kg; mean body mass index was 27.27±4.86 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, and mean 25(OH) D levels in serum was 26.00±12.00 nmol/l. The women were divided into the following six groups depending on body mass index: I group – 338 women with normal body weight, II group – 16 women with insufficient body weight, III group – 382 women with excessive body weight, IV group – 199 women with obesity of class I, V group – 60 women with obesity of class II, and VI group – 12 women with obesity of class III. Level of 25(OH)D in serum was measured by means of an electrochemiluminescent method - Elecsys 2010 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Germany) and cobas test-systems. 34.4% of the examined women have deficiency of vitamin D and 31.4% insufficiency. Women with obesity of class I (23.60±10.24 ng/ml) and obese of class II (22.38±10.34 ng/ml) had significantly lower levels of 25 (OH) D compared to women with normal body weight (28.24±12.99 ng/ml), p=0.00003. In women with obesity, BMI significantly influences vitamin D level, and this influence does not depend on the season. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title="obesity">obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20mass%20index" title=" body mass index"> body mass index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D%20deficiency" title=" vitamin D deficiency"> vitamin D deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D%20insufficiency" title=" vitamin D insufficiency"> vitamin D insufficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postmenopausal%20women" title=" postmenopausal women"> postmenopausal women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age" title=" age"> age</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89669/vitamin-d-deficiency-and-insufficiency-in-postmenopausal-women-with-obesity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4865</span> A Prenylflavanoid, HME5 with Antiproliferative Activity in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashitoh%20Abd%20Rahman">Mashitoh Abd Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiqah%20Ramli"> Faiqah Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syam%20Mohan"> Syam Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noraziah%20Nordin"> Noraziah Nordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Karimian"> Hamed Karimian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hapipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Hapipah Mohd Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancies. HME5, a prenylflavanoid has been isolated from local medicinal plant. This compound has been reported to possess a broad spectrum of biological activities including anticancer property. However, the potential of HME5 as an antiproliferative and cytotoxic agent on an ovarian cancer cells has not yet been investigated. In this present study, we examined the antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect of HME5 on Caov-3 (Human Ovarian Adenocarcinoma) cell line by using 3-[4,5-dimethylthizol-2-y]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Acridine orange and propidium Iodide (AOPi) and cell cycle analysis study. HME5 has shown to inhibit Caov-3 in a time-dependent manner with the IC50 values of 5µg/ml, 2µg/ml and 1µg/ml after 24h, 48h and 72h treatment, respectively. Morphological study from AOPi analysis showed that HME5 induced apoptosis after 24 and 48h post-treatment. Nevertheless, HME5 exhibited cell cycle arrest at G1 phase as indicated in flow cytometry cell cycle profiling. In conclusion, HME5 inhibited proliferation of Caov-3 through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title="apoptosis">apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prenylflavanoid" title=" prenylflavanoid"> prenylflavanoid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HME5" title=" HME5 "> HME5 </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13503/a-prenylflavanoid-hme5-with-antiproliferative-activity-in-human-ovarian-cancer-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4864</span> Predictive Value of ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Accumulation in Visceral Fat Activity to Detect Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Metastases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20F.%20Suleimanov">A. F. Suleimanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Saduakassova"> A. B. Saduakassova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20Pokrovsky"> V. S. Pokrovsky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20V.%20Vinnikov"> D. V. Vinnikov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Relevance: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, with relapse occurring in about 70% of advanced cases with poor prognoses. The aim of the study was to evaluate functional visceral fat activity (VAT) evaluated by ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as a predictor of metastases in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Materials and methods: We assessed 53 patients with histologically confirmed EOC who underwent ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT after a surgical treatment and courses of chemotherapy. Age, histology, stage, and tumor grade were recorded. Functional VAT activity was measured by maximum standardized uptake value (SUVₘₐₓ) using ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and tested as a predictor of later metastases in eight abdominal locations (RE – Epigastric Region, RLH – Left Hypochondriac Region, RRL – Right Lumbar Region, RU – Umbilical Region, RLL – Left Lumbar Region, RRI – Right Inguinal Region, RP – Hypogastric (Pubic) Region, RLI – Left Inguinal Region) and pelvic cavity (P) in the adjusted regression models. We also identified the best areas under the curve (AUC) for SUVₘₐₓ with the corresponding sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp). Results: In both adjusted-for regression models and ROC analysis, ¹⁸F-FDG accumulation in RE (cut-off SUVₘₐₓ 1.18; Se 64%; Sp 64%; AUC 0.669; p = 0.035) could predict later metastases in EOC patients, as opposed to age, sex, primary tumor location, tumor grade, and histology. Conclusions: VAT SUVₘₐₓ is significantly associated with later metastases in EOC patients and can be used as their predictor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C2%B9%E2%81%B8F-FDG" title="¹⁸F-FDG">¹⁸F-FDG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET%2FCT" title=" PET/CT"> PET/CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EOC" title=" EOC"> EOC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20value" title=" predictive value"> predictive value</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150624/predictive-value-of-18f-fluorodeoxyglucose-accumulation-in-visceral-fat-activity-to-detect-epithelial-ovarian-cancer-metastases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4863</span> Anomalous Course of Left Ovarian Vein Associated with Pelvic Congestion Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viyango%20Pandian">Viyango Pandian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumaresh%20Athiyappan"> Kumaresh Athiyappan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pelvic congestion Syndrome (PCS) is usually seen in multiparous women who give history of chronic dull-aching pelvic pain. We report a case of a 17 year old unmarried female, who presented with acute onset of chronic dull-aching abdominal pain in the left iliac fossa, which particularly increased during menstruation and was finally diagnosed to be pelvic congestion syndrome. On ultrasonography, multiple tortuous and dilated veins were observed in the left adnexa. Both ovaries appeared normal in size, volume and echotexture. Computed tomography (CT) angiography was performed to precisely delineate the venous pathway and to assess any associated abnormality; which showed a dilated and tortuous left ovarian vein with an anomalous course around the left kidney and draining into the left renal vein. Clinical parameters and hormonal levels were within normal limits. This is a rare case of anomalous course of left ovarian vein associated with pelvic congestion syndrome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomalous%20course%20of%20ovarian%20vein" title="anomalous course of ovarian vein">anomalous course of ovarian vein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20tomography" title=" computed tomography"> computed tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pelvic%20congestion%20syndrome" title=" pelvic congestion syndrome"> pelvic congestion syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonography" title=" ultrasonography"> ultrasonography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70992/anomalous-course-of-left-ovarian-vein-associated-with-pelvic-congestion-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4862</span> Exercise Intervention For Women After Treatment For Ovarian Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deirdre%20Mc%20Grath">Deirdre Mc Grath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanne%20Reid"> Joanne Reid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality among gynaecologic cancers in developed countries and the seventh most common cancer worldwide with nearly 240,000 women diagnosed each year. Although it is recognized engaging in exercise results in positive health care outcomes, women with ovarian cancer are reluctant to participate. No evidence currently exists focusing on how to successfully implement an exercise intervention program for patients with ovarian cancer, using a realist approach. There is a requirement for the implementation of exercise programmes within the oncology health care setting as engagement in such interventions has positive health care outcomes for women with ovarian cancer both during and following treatment. Aim: To co-design the implementation of an exercise intervention for women following treatment for ovarian cancer. Methods: This study is a realist evaluation using quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection and analysis. Realist evaluation is well-established within the health and social care setting and has in relation to this study enabled a flexible approach to investigate how to optimise implementation of an exercise intervention for this patient population. This single centre study incorporates three stages in order to identify the underlying contexts and mechanisms which lead to the successful implementation of an exercise intervention for women who have had treatment for ovarian cancer. Stage 1 - A realist literature review. Stage 2 -Co-design of the implementation of an exercise intervention with women following treatment for ovarian cancer, their carer’s, and health care professionals. Stage 3 –Implementation of an exercise intervention with women following treatment for ovarian cancer. Evaluation of the implementation of the intervention from the perspectives of the women who participated in the intervention, their informal carers, and health care professionals. The underlying program theory initially conceptualised before and during the realist review was developed further during the co-design stage. The evolving program theory in relation to how to successfully implement an exercise for these women is currently been refined and tested during the final stage of this realist evaluation which is the implementation and evaluation stage. Results: This realist evaluation highlights key issues in relation to the implementation of an exercise intervention within this patient population. The underlying contexts and mechanisms which influence recruitment, adherence, and retention rates of participants are identified. Conclusions: This study will inform future research on the implementation of exercise interventions for this patient population. It is anticipated that this intervention will be implemented into practice as part of standard care for this group of patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title="ovarian cancer">ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise%20intervention" title=" exercise intervention"> exercise intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implementation" title=" implementation"> implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Co-design" title=" Co-design"> Co-design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143648/exercise-intervention-for-women-after-treatment-for-ovarian-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4861</span> Ectopic Pregnancy: A Case of Consecutive Occurrences of Different Types</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wania%20Mohammad%20Akram">Wania Mohammad Akram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swetha%20Kannan"> Swetha Kannan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urooj%20Shahid"> Urooj Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aisha%20Sajjad"> Aisha Sajjad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ovarian ectopic pregnancy, a rare manifestation of ectopic gestation, involves the implantation of a fertilized egg on the ovarian surface. This condition poses diagnostic challenges and is associated with significant maternal morbidity if not promptly managed. This report presents the case of a 33-year-old nulliparous woman with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ovulation induction therapy. Following her first conception in October 2021, she presented with symptoms of per vaginal spotting and low back pain, prompting a diagnosis of left adnexal ectopic pregnancy confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound and serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG) levels. Medical management with methotrexate was initiated successfully. In August 2022, the patient conceived again, with subsequent ultrasound revealing a large pelvic collection suggestive of a complex ectopic pregnancy involving both ovaries. Despite initial stability, she developed abdominal pain necessitating emergency laparoscopy, which revealed an ovarian ectopic pregnancy with hemoperitoneum. Laparotomy was performed due to the complexity of the presentation, and histopathology confirmed viable chorionic villi within ovarian tissue. This case underscores the clinical management challenges posed by ovarian ectopic pregnancies, particularly in patients with previous ectopic pregnancies. The discussion reviews current literature on diagnostic modalities, treatment strategies, and outcomes associated with ovarian ectopic pregnancies, emphasizing the role of surgical intervention in cases refractory to conservative management. Tailored approaches considering individual patient factors are crucial to optimize outcomes and preserve fertility in such complex scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obgyn" title="obgyn">obgyn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20ectopic%20pregnancy" title=" ovarian ectopic pregnancy"> ovarian ectopic pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laproscopy" title=" laproscopy"> laproscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pcos" title=" pcos"> pcos</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188354/ectopic-pregnancy-a-case-of-consecutive-occurrences-of-different-types" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> 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