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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Include" title="Server Side Include – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Server Side Include" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHTML_(SSI)" title="SHTML (SSI) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="SHTML (SSI)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSI_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="SSI (программирование) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="SSI (программирование)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Side_Includes" title="Server Side Includes – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Server Side Includes" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSI_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="SSI (програмування) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="SSI (програмування)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E7%AB%AF%E5%86%85%E5%B5%8C" title="服务器端内嵌 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="服务器端内嵌" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Interpreted server-side scripting language</div> <p><b>Server Side Includes</b> (<b>SSI</b>) is a simple interpreted <a href="/wiki/Server-side_scripting" title="Server-side scripting">server-side scripting</a> language used almost exclusively for the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a>. It is most useful for including the contents of one or more files into a web page on a <a href="/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server">web server</a> (see below), using its <code>#include</code> directive. This could commonly be a common piece of code throughout a site, such as a page header, a page footer and a navigation menu. SSI also contains control directives for conditional features and directives for calling external programs. It is supported by <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a>, <a href="/wiki/LiteSpeed_Web_Server" title="LiteSpeed Web Server">LiteSpeed</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nginx" title="Nginx">nginx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">IIS</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/W3C" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C">W3C</a>'s Jigsaw.<sup id="cite_ref-jig_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jig-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has its roots in <a href="/wiki/NCSA_HTTPd" title="NCSA HTTPd">NCSA HTTPd</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ncsa-ssi_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ncsa-ssi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In order for a web server to recognize an SSI-enabled <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> file and therefore carry out these instructions, either the filename should end with a special <a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">extension</a>, by default <code>.shtml</code>, <code>.stm</code>, <code>.shtm</code>, or, if the server is configured to allow this, set the execution bit of the file.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a simple programming language, SSI supports only one <a href="/wiki/Data_type" title="Data type">type</a>: text. Its <a href="/wiki/Control_flow" title="Control flow">control flow</a> is rather simple, choice is supported, but <a href="/wiki/Control_flow#Loops" title="Control flow">loops</a> are not natively supported and can only be done by recursion using include or using <a href="/wiki/URL_redirection" title="URL redirection">HTTP redirect</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The simple design of the language makes it easier to learn and use than most server-side scripting languages, while complicated server-side processing is often done with <a href="/wiki/Server-side_scripting#Languages" title="Server-side scripting">one of the more feature-rich programming languages</a>. SSI is <a href="/wiki/Turing_completeness" title="Turing completeness">Turing complete</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>SSI has a simple syntax: <code></code>. Directives are placed in HTML comments so that if SSI is not enabled, users will not see the SSI directives on the page, unless they look at its source. Note that the syntax does not allow spaces between the leading "" that closes the element.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A web page containing a daily quotation could include the quotation by placing the following code into the file of the web page: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-xml mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="cm"></span> </pre></div> <p>With one change of the <code>quote.txt</code> file, all pages that include the file will display the latest daily quotation. The inclusion is not limited to files, and may also be the text output from a program, or the value of a system variable such as the current time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Directives">Directives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Directives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Common">Common</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Common"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following are SSI directives from the times of <a href="/wiki/NCSA_HTTPd" title="NCSA HTTPd">NCSA HTTPd</a> (the 1990s).<sup id="cite_ref-ncsa-ssi_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ncsa-ssi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some implementations do not support all of them.<sup id="cite_ref-nginx-ssi_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nginx-ssi-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>NCSA HTTPd SSI directives </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Directive </th> <th>Parameters </th> <th>Description </th> <th>Example </th></tr> <tr> <td><code>include</code> </td> <td>file or virtual </td> <td>This is probably the most used SSI directive. It allows the content of one document to be <a href="/wiki/Transclusion" title="Transclusion">transcluded</a> in another. The included document can itself be another SSI-enabled file. The <code>file</code> or <code>virtual</code> parameters specify the file (<a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> page, text file, script, etc.) to be included. NCSA HTTPd did not support <a href="/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interface" title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</a> via <code>include</code>,<sup id="cite_ref-ncsa-ssi_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ncsa-ssi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but later Apache HTTPd does.<sup id="cite_ref-apache-httpd-doc-mod-include_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apache-httpd-doc-mod-include-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If the process does not have access to read the file or execute the script, the include will fail. The parameter "<code>virtual</code>" handles any directory paths as if part of the URL, while "<code>file</code>" handles any directory paths as in the underlying filesystem. When using "<code>file</code>" it is forbidden to reference absolute paths or <code>../</code> to access a parent directory. The Apache documentation recommends using "<code>virtual</code>" in preference to "<code>file</code>".<sup id="cite_ref-apache-httpd-doc-mod-include_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apache-httpd-doc-mod-include-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><pre style="white-space:pre"> </pre> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>exec</code> </td> <td>cgi or cmd </td> <td>This directive executes a program, script, or shell command on the server. The cmd parameter specifies a server-side command; the cgi parameter specifies the path to a <a href="/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interface" title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</a> script. <span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">The <code>PATH_INFO</code> and <code>QUERY_STRING</code> of the current SSI script will be passed to the CGI script, as a result "exec cgi" should be used instead of "include virtual".</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><pre style="white-space:pre"> </pre> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>echo</code> </td> <td>var </td> <td>This directive displays the contents of a specified <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> <a href="/wiki/Environment_variable" title="Environment variable">environment variable</a>. <span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">Variables include <code>HTTP_USER_AGENT</code>, <code>LAST_MODIFIED</code>, and <code>HTTP_ACCEPT</code>.</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><pre style="white-space:pre">Your IP address is: </pre> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>config</code> </td> <td>timefmt, sizefmt, or errmsg </td> <td>This directive configures the display formats for the date, time, filesize, and error message (returned when an SSI command fails). </td> <td><pre style="white-space:pre">  </pre> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>flastmod</code> and <code>fsize</code> </td> <td>file or virtual </td> <td>These directives display the date when the specified document was last modified, or the specified document's size. The file or virtual parameters specify the document to use. The file parameter defines the document as relative to the document path; the virtual parameter defines the document as relative to the document root. </td> <td><pre style="white-space:pre"> </pre> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Control_directives">Control directives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Control directives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Control directives are later added to SSI. They include the ubiquitous if-elif-else-endif flow control and variable writing as well as more exotic features like loops only found in some implementations. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Directive </th> <th>Parameters </th> <th>Description </th> <th>Example </th> <th>Found in </th></tr> <tr> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>if</li> <li>elif</li> <li>else</li> <li>endif</li></ul> </div> </td> <td>expr </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/If_statement" class="mw-redirect" title="If statement">if statement</a>. Used for condition tests that may determine and generate multiple logical pages from one single physical page. <code>elif</code> is a shorthand for nested else-if. <code>else</code> and <code>endif</code> do not accept parameters. <p>Expression syntax vary among implementations. Variable existence and equality/regex checks are commonly supported. Jigsaw uses expressions split over multiple attributes instead.<sup id="cite_ref-jig_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jig-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td><pre style="white-space:pre">       </pre> </td> <td>Ubiquitous. </td></tr> <tr> <td>set </td> <td>var, value </td> <td>Sets the value of a SSI variable. Apache provides additional parameters for <a href="/wiki/Encoding" class="mw-redirect" title="Encoding">encodings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-apache-inc_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apache-inc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><pre style="white-space:pre"></pre> </td> <td>Apache,<sup id="cite_ref-apache-inc_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apache-inc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nginx<sup id="cite_ref-nginx_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nginx-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><code>printenv</code> </td> <td>  </td> <td>This directive outputs a list of all SSI variables and their values, including environmental and user-defined variables. It has no attributes. </td> <td><pre style="white-space:pre"></pre> </td> <td>Apache<sup id="cite_ref-apache-inc_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apache-inc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edge_Side_Includes" title="Edge Side Includes">ESI (Edge Side Includes)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nevertheless found in some implementations, including Jigsaw.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-jig-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jig_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jig_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/Jigsaw/Doc/User/SSI.html">"SSI Commands"</a>. <i>W3C</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=W3C&rft.atitle=SSI+Commands&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FJigsaw%2FDoc%2FUser%2FSSI.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ncsa-ssi-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ncsa-ssi_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ncsa-ssi_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ncsa-ssi_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19970303194503/http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/docs/tutorials/includes.html">"Server Side Includes (SSI)"</a>. <i>NCSA HTTPd Tutorial</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/docs/tutorials/includes.html">the original</a> on 3 March 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NCSA+HTTPd+Tutorial&rft.atitle=Server+Side+Includes+%28SSI%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu%2Fdocs%2Ftutorials%2Fincludes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/howto/ssi.html#configuring">"Configuring your server to permit SSI"</a>. <i>Apache Tutorial: Introduction to Server Side Includes</i>. The Apache Software Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apache+Tutorial%3A+Introduction+to+Server+Side+Includes&rft.atitle=Configuring+your+server+to+permit+SSI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhttpd.apache.org%2Fdocs%2Fcurrent%2Fhowto%2Fssi.html%23configuring&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.janschejbal.de/projekte/ssituring/">"Server Side Includes Turing machine, Jan Schejbal"</a>. Janschejbal.de<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Server+Side+Includes+Turing+machine%2C+Jan+Schejbal.&rft.pub=Janschejbal.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.janschejbal.de%2Fprojekte%2Fssituring%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/howto/ssi.html#basic">"Basic SSI Directives and Syntax"</a>. 2018-02-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Basic+SSI+Directives+and+Syntax&rft.date=2018-02-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhttpd.apache.org%2Fdocs%2Fcurrent%2Fhowto%2Fssi.html%23basic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nginx-ssi-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nginx-ssi_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_ssi_module.html">"Module ngx_http_ssi_module"</a>. <i>nginx documentation</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nginx+documentation&rft.atitle=Module+ngx_http_ssi_module&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnginx.org%2Fen%2Fdocs%2Fhttp%2Fngx_http_ssi_module.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apache-httpd-doc-mod-include-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-apache-httpd-doc-mod-include_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-apache-httpd-doc-mod-include_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_include.html#element.include">"Apache Module mod_include"</a>. <i>Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4 Documentation</i>. Apache Software Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apache+HTTP+Server+Version+2.4+Documentation&rft.atitle=Apache+Module+mod_include&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhttpd.apache.org%2Fdocs%2Fcurrent%2Fmod%2Fmod_include.html%23element.include&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-apache-inc-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-apache-inc_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-apache-inc_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-apache-inc_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_include.html">"mod_include"</a>. <i>Apache HTTP Server</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apache+HTTP+Server&rft.atitle=mod_include&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhttpd.apache.org%2Fdocs%2Fcurrent%2Fmod%2Fmod_include.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nginx-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nginx_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_ssi_module.html">"ngx_http_ssi_module"</a>. <i>nginx.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nginx.org&rft.atitle=ngx_http_ssi_module&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnginx.org%2Fen%2Fdocs%2Fhttp%2Fngx_http_ssi_module.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServer+Side+Includes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Server_Side_Includes&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Language reference from implementations: <ul><li>Apache: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_include.html">Apache mod_include Reference</a>. Calls directives "elements".</li> <li>Nginx: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_ssi_module.html">Module ngx_http_ssi_module</a>. Calls directives "commands".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCSA_HTTPd" title="NCSA HTTPd">NCSA HTTPd</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19971210170837/http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/docs/tutorials/includes.html">Original NCSA HTTPd SSI Reference</a>. Calls directives "commands".</li> <li>W3C Jigsaw: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.w3.org/Jigsaw/Doc/User/SSI.html">Server Side Include commands</a>. Calls directives "elements". 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href="/wiki/Template:Web_interfaces" title="Template:Web interfaces"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Web_interfaces" title="Template talk:Web interfaces"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Web_interfaces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Web interfaces"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Web_interfaces26" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Web_API" title="Web API">Web interfaces</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold"><div id="Server-side154"><a href="/wiki/Server-side" class="mw-redirect" title="Server-side">Server-side</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">Protocols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HTTP/2" title="HTTP/2">v2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTTP/3" title="HTTP/3">v3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTTPS" title="HTTPS">Encryption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebDAV" title="WebDAV">WebDAV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interface" title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Common_Gateway_Interface" title="Simple Common Gateway Interface">SCGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FastCGI" title="FastCGI">FCGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_JServ_Protocol" title="Apache JServ Protocol">AJP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_Services_for_Remote_Portlets" title="Web Services for Remote Portlets">WSRP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebSocket" title="WebSocket">WebSocket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Server_application_programming_interface" title="Server application programming interface">Server APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Netscape_Server_Application_Programming_Interface" title="Netscape Server Application Programming Interface">C NSAPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server#Feature_overview" title="Apache HTTP Server">C ASAPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Server_Application_Programming_Interface" title="Internet Server Application Programming Interface">C ISAPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_Server_Pages" title="Active Server Pages">COM ASP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta_Servlet" title="Jakarta Servlet">Jakarta Servlet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Web_container" title="Web container">container</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Web_Interface_for_.NET" title="Open Web Interface for .NET">CLI OWIN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTTP_handler" title="HTTP handler">ASP.NET Handler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_Server_Gateway_Interface" title="Web Server Gateway Interface">Python WSGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asynchronous_Server_Gateway_Interface" title="Asynchronous Server Gateway Interface">Python ASGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rack_(web_server_interface)" title="Rack (web server interface)">Ruby Rack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSGI" title="JSGI">JavaScript JSGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plack_(software)#PSGI" title="Plack (software)">Perl PSGI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java_Portlet_Specification" title="Java Portlet Specification">Portlet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Java_Portlet_Specification" title="Java Portlet Specification">container</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apache_modules" title="List of Apache modules">Apache modules</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">mod_include</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_jk" class="mw-redirect" title="Mod jk">mod_jk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_lisp" title="Mod lisp">mod_lisp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_mono" title="Mod mono">mod_mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_parrot" class="mw-redirect" title="Mod parrot">mod_parrot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_perl" title="Mod perl">mod_perl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">mod_php</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_proxy" title="Mod proxy">mod_proxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_python" title="Mod python">mod_python</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_wsgi" title="Mod wsgi">mod_wsgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_ruby" title="Mod ruby">mod_ruby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phusion_Passenger" title="Phusion Passenger">Phusion Passenger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Web_service" title="Web service">Web service</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Web_resource" title="Web resource">Web resource</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web-oriented_architecture" title="Web-oriented architecture">WOA</a> vs. <a href="/wiki/Resource-oriented_architecture" title="Resource-oriented architecture">ROA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_API" title="Open API">Open API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webhook" title="Webhook">Webhook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Application_server" title="Application server">Application server</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_application_servers" title="List of application servers">comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Server-side_scripting" title="Server-side scripting">Scripting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold"><div id="Client-side89"><a href="/wiki/Client-side" class="mw-redirect" title="Client-side">Client-side</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plug-in_(computing)" title="Plug-in (computing)">Browser APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NPAPI" title="NPAPI">C NPAPI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NPAPI#LiveConnect" title="NPAPI">LiveConnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPAPI#XPConnect" title="NPAPI">XPConnect</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPAPI#NPRuntime" title="NPAPI">C NPRuntime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Native_Client#Pepper" title="Google Native Client">C PPAPI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Native_Client" title="Google Native Client">NaCl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browser_Helper_Object" title="Browser Helper Object">BHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XAML_Browser_Applications" title="XAML Browser Applications">XBAP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Web_API#Client_side" title="Web API">Web APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/WHATWG" title="WHATWG">WHATWG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HTML_audio" title="HTML audio">Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canvas_element" title="Canvas element">Canvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Document_Object_Model" title="Document Object Model">DOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Server-sent_events" title="Server-sent events">SSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML_video" title="HTML video">Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebSocket" title="WebSocket">WebSockets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_Messaging" title="Web Messaging">Web messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_storage" title="Web storage">Web storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_worker" title="Web worker">Web worker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMLHttpRequest" title="XMLHttpRequest">XMLHttpRequest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DOM_event" title="DOM event">DOM events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encrypted_Media_Extensions" title="Encrypted Media Extensions">EME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML5_File_API" title="HTML5 File API">File</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W3C_Geolocation_API" title="W3C Geolocation API">Geolocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indexed_Database_API" title="Indexed Database API">IndexedDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Source_Extensions" title="Media Source Extensions">MSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SVG" title="SVG">SVG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebAssembly" title="WebAssembly">WebAssembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebAuthn" title="WebAuthn">WebAuthn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebGPU" title="WebGPU">WebGPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebRTC" title="WebRTC">WebRTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebXR" title="WebXR">WebXR</a></li></ul> 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