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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Fraternal service movement</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Odd_Fellows_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Odd Fellows (disambiguation)">Odd Fellows (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Odd Fellows</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg/220px-Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg/330px-Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg/440px-Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="193" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Triple links, a recurring symbol among Odd Fellows internationally</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1730<span class="noprint">; 295 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1730</span>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">General fraternal order</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Scope</th><td class="infobox-data">International</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Amicitia Amor et Veritas</i><br />"Friendship, Love & Truth"</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Odd_Fellowship" title="Category:Odd Fellowship">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Odd Fellows</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg/75px-Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg/113px-Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg/150px-Three_linksOdd_Fellows%27_emblem.jpg 2x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">General articles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Odd Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_lodge" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand lodge">Grand lodge</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Governing bodies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" title="Independent Order of Odd Fellows">Independent Order of Odd Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Oddfellows_Manchester_Unity" title="Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity">Independent Order<br />of Oddfellows Manchester Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Oddfellows" title="Grand United Order of Oddfellows">Grand United Order of Oddfellows</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Auxiliaries<br />and appendant bodies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Rebekah_Assemblies" title="International Association of Rebekah Assemblies">International Association<br />of Rebekah Assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_of_Ruth" title="Household of Ruth">Household of Ruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mystic_Order_of_Samaritans" title="Ancient Mystic Order of Samaritans">Ancient Mystic Order of Samaritans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladies_of_the_Orient" title="Ladies of the Orient">Ladies of the Orient</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes" title="John Wilkes">John Wilkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Savile,_8th_Baronet" title="Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet">Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wildey" title="Thomas Wildey">Thomas Wildey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ogden_(Odd_Fellows_founder)" title="Peter Ogden (Odd Fellows founder)">Peter Ogden (founder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Schuyler Colfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Ridgely" title="James L. Ridgely">James L. Ridgely</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Financial services</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insignia_Financial" title="Insignia Financial">Insignia Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Unity_Credit_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester Unity Credit Union">Manchester Unity Credit Union</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Buildings</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Odd_Fellows_buildings" title="List of Odd Fellows buildings">List of Odd Fellows buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Odd_Fellows_buildings" title="Category:Odd Fellows buildings">Category:Odd Fellows buildings</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Odd_Fellows_sidebar" title="Template:Odd Fellows sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Odd_Fellows_sidebar" title="Template talk:Odd Fellows sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Odd_Fellows_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Odd Fellows sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Odd Fellows</b> (or <b>Oddfellows</b> when referencing the <a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Oddfellows" title="Grand United Order of Oddfellows">Grand United Order of Oddfellows</a> or some British-based fraternities; also <b>Odd Fellowship</b> or <b>Oddfellowship</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is an international <a href="/wiki/Fraternity" title="Fraternity">fraternity</a> consisting of lodges first documented in 1730 in <a href="/wiki/18th-century_London" title="18th-century London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first known lodge was called Loyal Aristarcus Lodge No. 9, suggesting there were earlier ones in the 18th century. Notwithstanding, convivial meetings were held "in much revelry and, often as not, the calling of the Watch to restore order."<sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Names of several British pubs today suggest past Odd Fellows affiliations. In the mid-18th century, following the <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_risings" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobite risings">Jacobite risings</a>, the fraternity split into the rivaling <b>Order of Patriotic Oddfellows</b> in <a href="/wiki/Southern_England" title="Southern England">southern England</a>, favouring <a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III of England</a>, and the <b>Ancient Order of Oddfellows</b> in <a href="/wiki/Northern_England" title="Northern England">northern England</a> and Scotland, favouring the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Stuart" title="House of Stuart">House of Stuart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Odd Fellows from that time include <a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes" title="John Wilkes">John Wilkes</a> (1725–1797) and <a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Savile,_8th_Baronet" title="Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet">Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet</a> of Thornton (1726–1784), advocating <a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">civil liberties</a> and reliefs, including <a href="/wiki/Catholic_emancipation" title="Catholic emancipation">Catholic emancipation</a>. <a href="/wiki/Political_repression" title="Political repression">Political repressions</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Unlawful_Oaths_Act" title="Unlawful Oaths Act">Unlawful Oaths Act</a> (1797) and the <a href="/wiki/Unlawful_Societies_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Unlawful Societies Act">Unlawful Societies Act</a> (1799),<sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulted in neutral amalgamation of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Oddfellows" title="Grand United Order of Oddfellows">Grand United Order of Oddfellows</a> in 1798. Since then the fraternity has remained religiously and politically independent. <a href="/wiki/George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George IV of the United Kingdom">George IV of the United Kingdom</a>, admitted in 1780 while he was <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a>, was the first documented of many Odd Fellows to also attend <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">freemasonry</a>, although the societies remain mutually independent.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1810, further instigations led to the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Oddfellows_Manchester_Unity" title="Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity">Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity</a> in England. Odd Fellows spread overseas, including formally chartering the fraternity in the United States in 1819. In 1842, due to British authorities intervening in the customs and ceremonies of British Odd Fellows and in light of post-colonial American sovereignty, the American Odd Fellows became independent as the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" title="Independent Order of Odd Fellows">Independent Order of Odd Fellows</a> (always written as Odd Fellows, not Oddfellows like other orders) under British-American <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wildey" title="Thomas Wildey">Thomas Wildey</a> (1782–1861), soon constituting the largest sovereign grand lodge. The Daughters of Rebekah, now known as the <a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Rebekah_Assemblies" title="International Association of Rebekah Assemblies">International Association of Rebekah Assemblies</a>, was established in 1851 as a women's auxiliary organization to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, by the mid-19th century, the Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity had become the largest and richest fraternal organisation in the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The source does not even mention the 'post-colonial American sovereignty', nor the grand lodges of 'Elks' or the 'Orange Order' (November 2016)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1843, rejected from the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" title="Independent Order of Odd Fellows">Independent Order of Odd Fellows</a> due to race, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Ogden_(Odd_Fellows_founder)" title="Peter Ogden (Odd Fellows founder)">Peter Ogden</a> petitioned the <a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Oddfellows" title="Grand United Order of Oddfellows">Grand United Order of Oddfellows</a> for a charter and was granted it forming the Philomathean Lodge, No. 646, in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The women's auxiliary organization, <a href="/wiki/Household_of_Ruth" title="Household of Ruth">Household of Ruth</a>, was established in 1858.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Odd Fellows promote <a href="/wiki/Philanthropy" title="Philanthropy">philanthropy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ethic_of_reciprocity" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethic of reciprocity">ethic of reciprocity</a> and charity; some grand lodges imply a <a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian" title="Judeo-Christian">Judeo-Christian</a> affiliation. The American-based Independent Order of Odd Fellows enrolls some 600,000 members divided into approximately 10,000 lodges in thirty countries,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is interfraternally recognised by the British-based Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In total, members of all international branches combined are estimated in the millions worldwide.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several theories aim to explain the etymological background of the name "Odd Fellows," often rendered "Oddfellows" in British English. In the 18th century United Kingdom, major trades were organised in <a href="/wiki/Guild" title="Guild">guilds</a> or other forms of <a href="/wiki/Syndicate" title="Syndicate">syndicates</a>, but smaller trades did not have equivalent social or financial security. One theory has it that "odd fellows", people who exercised unusual, miscellaneous "odd trades", eventually joined together to form a larger group of "odd fellows."<sup id="cite_ref-Vol10Ch4_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vol10Ch4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another theory suggests that in the beginning of odd fellowship in the 18th century, at the time of the early era of industrialisation, it was rather odd to find people who followed noble values such as fraternalism, benevolence and charity.<sup id="cite_ref-Vol10Ch4_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vol10Ch4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (November 2016)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup> The name was supposedly adopted at a time when the severance into sects and classes was so wide that persons aiming at social union and mutual help were a marked exception to the general rule.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Possibly, it met a mixed reaction from the upper classes, who may have seen them as a source of revenue by taxes, but also as a threat to their authority.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Any suggestion of history before the 18th century is considered mere speculation.<sup id="cite_ref-BMGray_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BMGray-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Wilkes_after_Richard_Houston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/John_Wilkes_after_Richard_Houston.jpg/220px-John_Wilkes_after_Richard_Houston.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/John_Wilkes_after_Richard_Houston.jpg/330px-John_Wilkes_after_Richard_Houston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/John_Wilkes_after_Richard_Houston.jpg/440px-John_Wilkes_after_Richard_Houston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="552" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes" title="John Wilkes">John Wilkes</a> (1725–1797), initially a young radical journalist, then gradually more conservative; one of the first documented odd fellows.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorial_to_Sir_George_Savile,_Bart_in_York_Minster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Memorial_to_Sir_George_Savile%2C_Bart_in_York_Minster.jpg/220px-Memorial_to_Sir_George_Savile%2C_Bart_in_York_Minster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Memorial_to_Sir_George_Savile%2C_Bart_in_York_Minster.jpg/330px-Memorial_to_Sir_George_Savile%2C_Bart_in_York_Minster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Memorial_to_Sir_George_Savile%2C_Bart_in_York_Minster.jpg/440px-Memorial_to_Sir_George_Savile%2C_Bart_in_York_Minster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Savile,_8th_Baronet" title="Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet">Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet</a> (1726–1784), an odd fellow who famously advocated <a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">civil liberties</a> and reliefs in the United Kingdom, including <a href="/wiki/Catholic_emancipation" title="Catholic emancipation">Catholic emancipation</a>. Subsequently, the odd fellows became religiously and politically independent.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GeorgeIV1785.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/GeorgeIV1785.jpg/220px-GeorgeIV1785.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/GeorgeIV1785.jpg/330px-GeorgeIV1785.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/GeorgeIV1785.jpg/440px-GeorgeIV1785.jpg 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="645" /></a><figcaption>Prince George the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales" title="Prince of Wales">Prince of Wales</a>, later King <a href="/wiki/George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George IV of the United Kingdom">George IV of the United Kingdom</a> (1762–1830), admitted in 1780, was the first documented of many odd fellows to also adhere to <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">freemasonry</a>; both societies remained mutually independent.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Odd Fellows are one of the earliest and oldest fraternal societies, but their early history is obscure and largely undocumented. </p><p>Traditions tracing the fraternity's origins back to Roman emperors <a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a> and <a href="/wiki/Titus" title="Titus">Titus</a> are considered dubious.<sup id="cite_ref-USGUOOF-History_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGUOOF-History-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The evolution of the society from medieval guilds, however, is more reliably documented.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the 13th century, tradesmen's <a href="/wiki/Guild" title="Guild">guilds</a> had become established and prosperous. During the 14th century, guild masters moved to protect their power and wealth by restricting access to the guilds. In response, the less experienced and less wealthy fellows established their own rival guilds.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows3_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HistoryUK_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryUK-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (October 2017)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup><sup>, </sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (October 2017)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup><sup>, </sup><sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (October 2017)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a> broke with the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a>, he viewed the guilds as supporting the <a href="/wiki/Papacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Papacy">pope</a>, and in 1545 he confiscated all material property of the guilds. <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a> stripped the guilds of the responsibility for training <a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">apprentices</a>, and by the end of her reign, most guilds had been suppressed.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows3_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The exact origin of Oddfellowship is involved in obscurity. It must have had a beginning, but just when and where, no historian has ever been able to ascertain. All of its history prior to the introduction of the Order into England is merely conjecture founded upon proofless, and, in most cases, absurd traditions.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>"History" page of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Odd_Fellows_in_America" title="Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America">Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Great antiquity has been claimed for the order ... Oddfellows themselves, however, now generally admit that the institution cannot be traced back beyond the first half of the 18th century.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (1911)<sup id="cite_ref-EB_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foundation">Foundation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There were numerous Oddfellow organizations in England in the 1700s.<sup id="cite_ref-Weinbren_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weinbren-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One Edwardian Oddfellow history argued that in 1710 there was a 'Loyal Lintot of Oddfellows' in London.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first Oddfellows group in South Yorkshire, England, dates from 1730.<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryMU_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryMU-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest surviving documented evidence of an “Oddfellows” lodge is the minutes of Loyal Aristarchus Oddfellow Lodge no. 9 in England, dated 12 March 1748. By it being lodge number 9, this connotes that there were older Oddfellows lodges that existed before this date.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subsequent to the failure of <a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Prince_Charlie" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonnie Prince Charlie">Bonnie Prince Charlie</a>'s uprising in 1745, in 1789 these two Orders formed a partial amalgamation as the Grand United Order of Oddfellows. These days they are more commonly known as "The Grand United Order of Oddfellows Friendly Society" (GUOOFS),<sup id="cite_ref-guoofs_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guoofs-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> abandoning all political and religious disputes and committing itself to promoting the harmony and welfare of its members. Some books mention that there was a lodge of a 'Union Order of Oddfellows' in London in 1750, and one in Derby in 1775.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Oddfellows Magazine</i> of 1888 included a picture of a medal presented to the secretary of a lodge of the Grand Independent Order of Oddfellows in 1796. In a magazine review of a 1798 sermon preached in the Sheffield Parish Church, the "Oddfellows appear to be very numerous with about thirty-nine lodges of them in London and its vicinity, two at Sheffield, and one at each of the following places: Wolverhampton, Birmingham, Shrewsbury, Windsor, Wandsworth, Canterbury, Liverpool, Richmond in Surrey and Lewes".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This suggested that the "Original United Order of Oddfellows" consisted of a total of 50 lodges at that time. </p><p>In 1810, various lodges of the Union or United Order in the Manchester area declared themselves as an "Independent Order", and organized the <i>"<a href="/wiki/Manchester_Unity_of_Oddfellows" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester Unity of Oddfellows">Manchester Unity of Oddfellows</a>"</i> which chartered the Odd Fellows in North America in 1819.<sup id="cite_ref-MATabbert_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MATabbert-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_evolution">International evolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: International evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1748: Earliest surviving records of an oddfellows lodge is the manuscript of the rules, dated 1748, of the <i>Loyal Aristarcus Lodge No. 9</i> which met in the Oakley Arms in <a href="/wiki/Southwark" title="Southwark">Southwark</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Globe_Tavern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Globe Tavern (page does not exist)">Globe Tavern</a> in Hatton Garden and the Boar's Head in Smithfield, London.<sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Solt-Dennis_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Solt-Dennis-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>mid-18th century: Order of Patriotic Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>mid-18th century: Ancient Order of Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1798: <a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Oddfellows" title="Grand United Order of Oddfellows">Grand United Order of Oddfellows</a> <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-GUOO_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GUOO-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1810: <a href="/wiki/Oddfellows#The_Independent_Order_–_Manchester_Unity" class="mw-redirect" title="Oddfellows">The Independent Order – Manchester Unity</a><sup id="cite_ref-MU_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MU-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1810: Nottingham Ancient Imperial Order of Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1820: Improved Independent Order of Oddfellows (South London)<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1827: Caledonian Lodge of Oddfellows,<sup id="cite_ref-Scots_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scots-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> based in <a href="/wiki/Newburgh,_Fife" title="Newburgh, Fife">Newburgh fife</a>, is the only lodge of oddfellows left in Scotland</li> <li>1832: Ancient and Noble (Bolton Unity) split from the Grand United Order in 1832, dissolved in 1962<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1832: Ancient National Order of Oddfellows (Bolton)<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1832: Nottingham Odd Fellows, split from the Manchester Unity in 1832.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>1834: Leeds United Order of Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1840: Independent Order of Oddfellows (Kingston)<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1845: National Independent Order of Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1849: Independent Order of Oddfellows (Norfolk & Norwich Unity)<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1850: <a href="/wiki/Oddfellows#Legitimacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oddfellows">Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity Friendly Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-MU_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MU-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1853: Improved Independent Order of Oddfellows (London)<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1858: Free and Independent Order of Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1861: Ancient Independent Order of Oddfellows (Kent)<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1867: British United Order of Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-JFW_35-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1883: Scottish Order of Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-Scots_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scots-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hs8_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs8-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1900: National Independent Order of Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-hs8_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs8-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hs7_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs7-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1910: Caledonian Order of United Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-Scots_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scots-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hs8_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs8-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Other">Other</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ancient and Noble Order of United Oddfellows<sup id="cite_ref-Scots_36-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scots-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hs8_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs8-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Independent Order of Oddfellows Bolton Unity Friendly Society<sup id="cite_ref-Scots_36-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scots-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hs8_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs8-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Independent Order of Oddfellows Kingston Unity Friendly Society<sup id="cite_ref-Scots_36-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scots-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hs8_38-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs8-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Independent Order of Oddlittlefellows Madison Unity Friendly Society<sup id="cite_ref-Scots_36-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scots-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hs8_38-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hs8-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Wildey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Thomas_Wildey.jpg/220px-Thomas_Wildey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Thomas_Wildey.jpg/330px-Thomas_Wildey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Thomas_Wildey.jpg/440px-Thomas_Wildey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1482" data-file-height="1948" /></a><figcaption>British-American Thomas Wildey (1782–1861) founded the <i>Washington Lodge No 1</i> in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> in 1819, subsequently the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" title="Independent Order of Odd Fellows">Independent Order of Odd Fellows</a> since 1842.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>1819: <a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" title="Independent Order of Odd Fellows">Independent Order of Odd Fellows</a> (IOOF)<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> formed in 1819 in Baltimore by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wildey" title="Thomas Wildey">Thomas Wildey</a>, chartered by the British Manchester Unity, separated in 1842, today with <a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows#Summary_of_Grand_Lodges_by_region" title="Independent Order of Odd Fellows">lodges in approximately 29 countries</a>.</li> <li>1843: The American <a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand United Order of Odd Fellows">Grand United Order of Odd Fellows</a> (GUOOF) formed in 1843,<sup id="cite_ref-GUOO_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GUOO-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> receiving its charter from the British Grand United Order of Oddfellows (rather than the American IOOF).<sup id="cite_ref-USGUOOF-History_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGUOOF-History-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catholic_opposition">Catholic opposition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Catholic opposition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> in the 19th and early 20th centuries condemned secretive societies such as the <a href="/wiki/Freemasons" class="mw-redirect" title="Freemasons">Freemasons</a>, deemed "pseudo-religious", but also addressed other organisations, including expressing suspicions against the stated religious neutrality and independence of Oddfellows.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The source doesn't even mention 'Freemasons' or 'pseudo-religious' (April 2019)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1907, the <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Delegate" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Delegate">Apostolic Delegate</a> to the United States, the Most Rev <a href="/wiki/Diomede_Falconio" title="Diomede Falconio">Diomede Falconio</a>, in reply to a query from the Rev Novatus Benzing, OFM, of <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a>, determined that the <a href="/wiki/Daughters_of_Rebekah" class="mw-redirect" title="Daughters of Rebekah">Daughters of Rebekah</a>, the auxiliary of the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" title="Independent Order of Odd Fellows">Independent Order of Odd Fellows</a>, as well as the female auxiliaries of other condemned secret societies, fell under the same category of condemnation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>However, permission for "passive membership" in female groups affiliated with societies condemned by the church in 1894 (including the <a href="/wiki/Knights_of_Pythias" title="Knights of Pythias">Knights of Pythias</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Temperance" title="Sons of Temperance">Sons of Temperance</a>) could be granted individually under certain conditions, viz. that the person in question had joined the group in good faith before the condemnation, that leaving the group would cause financial hardship due to the loss of sick benefits and insurance, that if permission is granted dues would only be paid by mail, the parishioner would not attend any lodge meetings, and the society would not have anything to do with the person's funeral.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 1975, however, several Catholic priests have become members of the Odd Fellows. One of them was Father Titian Anthos Miani who joined Scio Lodge No. 102 of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows in Linden, California.<sup id="cite_ref-christy_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-christy-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As soon as the controversy declined and religious leaders began to accept secular organizations, numerous pastors, priests, bishops and rabbis from different religious sects have become members and some even held leadership positions in the Odd Fellows.<sup id="cite_ref-christy_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-christy-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, since the new code of Canon Law did not explicitly mention Masonic orders and other secret societies, the Office of the Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith issued a declaration on Masonic associations in 1983, stating clearly that the opposition of the Catholic Church stated in the earlier version of the Canon Law had not changed.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fraternal_order" title="Fraternal order">Fraternal order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_society" title="Secret society">Secret society</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Both <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><i>History of the Oddfellows</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Oddfellows&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>The Oddfellows Over the Years</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oddfellows+Over+the+Years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span> describe the evolution of the Guilds, and Oddfellow terminology derived from the guilds. For example, each Guild was headed by a Grand Master, the name that the Odd Fellows use to refer to their annually elected Head.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>History of the Oddfellows</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Oddfellows&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span>: The "Master" required that guild members wear expensive uniforms and jewellery to meetings; as the less wealthy "Fellows" could not afford these, they were thus precluded from membership. Lodge "collars" and "jewels" have their origins in this guild-masters' "restrictive trade practice".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Grand United Order of Oddfellows are now more commonly referred to as <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guoofs.com"><i>The Grand United Order of Oddfellows Friendly Society (GUOOFS)</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Grand+United+Order+of+Oddfellows+Friendly+Society+%28GUOOFS%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guoofs.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GUOO-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GUOO_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GUOO_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Oddfellows" title="Grand United Order of Oddfellows">Grand United Order of Oddfellows</a>, established in England in 1798, should not be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand United Order of Odd Fellows">Grand United Order of Odd Fellows</a>, established in the USA in 1843.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MU-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MU_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MU_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Manchester Unity of Oddfellows is also known as <i>The Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity Friendly Society</i><sup id="cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090214072512/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/odd+fellow">"Definition of "Odd-fellow"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Dictionary.reference.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/odd+fellow">the original</a> on 14 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Definition+of+%22Odd-fellow%22&rft.pub=Dictionary.reference.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.reference.com%2Fbrowse%2Fodd%2Bfellow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oddfellows1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows1_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151007094455/https://www.oddfellows.co.uk/About-us/History">"History of the Oddfellows"</a>. The Oddfellows. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oddfellows.co.uk/About-us/History">the original</a> on 7 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Oddfellows&rft.pub=The+Oddfellows&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oddfellows.co.uk%2FAbout-us%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freemasonry.london.museum/it/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/The-Oddfellows1.pdf">"The Oddfellows"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Library and Museum of Freemasonry<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Oddfellows&rft.pub=Library+and+Museum+of+Freemasonry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffreemasonry.london.museum%2Fit%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F04%2FThe-Oddfellows1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oddfellows2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows2_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160429193312/https://www.oddfellows.co.uk/About-us/Over-the-Years">"The Oddfellows Over the Years"</a>. <i>The Oddfellows</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oddfellows.co.uk/About-us/Over-the-Years">the original</a> on 29 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Oddfellows&rft.atitle=The+Oddfellows+Over+the+Years&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oddfellows.co.uk%2FAbout-us%2FOver-the-Years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzhistory.govt.nz/women-together/rebekah-lodges-independent-order-odd-fellows">"Rebekah Lodges of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows | NZHistory, New Zealand history online"</a>. <i>nzhistory.govt.nz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Freeport, New York: Books for Libraries Press (published 1971).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Official+History+and+Manual+of+the+Grand+United+Order+of+Odd+Fellows+in+America&rft.place=Freeport%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Books+for+Libraries+Press&rft.date=1902&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=Charles+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guoof.org/household-of-ruth/history/">"History"</a>. <i>GRAND UNITED ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS IN AMERICA AND JURISDICTION</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GRAND+UNITED+ORDER+OF+ODD+FELLOWS+IN+AMERICA+AND+JURISDICTION&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fguoof.org%2Fhousehold-of-ruth%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ioof.org/IOOF/About_Us/IOOF/About.aspx?hkey=0a2032f6-b188-477c-a8c6-9a4afeb90d17">"About"</a>. Ioof.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About&rft.pub=Ioof.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ioof.org%2FIOOF%2FAbout_Us%2FIOOF%2FAbout.aspx%3Fhkey%3D0a2032f6-b188-477c-a8c6-9a4afeb90d17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oddfellows.de/index.php?id=121">"Deutscher Odd Fellow-Orden: Geschichte des Ordens"</a> (in German). Oddfellows.de<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deutscher+Odd+Fellow-Orden%3A+Geschichte+des+Ordens&rft.pub=Oddfellows.de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oddfellows.de%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keyinvest.com.au/ioofsa/network.htm">IOOF International Network</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090930101459/http://www.keyinvest.com.au/ioofsa/network.htm">Archived</a> 30 September 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), keyinvest.com.au/ioofsa; accessed 1 November 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vol10Ch4-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vol10Ch4_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vol10Ch4_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Müller, Stephanie (2008): <i>The name Odd Fellows</i>, from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.american-heartland.com/index.php?cat=PROMOTION&product=VOLUME%2010">Concept and contents of Odd Fellowship</a>, Chapter 4 of <i>Visit the Sick, Relieve the Distressed, Bury the Dead and Educate the Orphan: The Independent Order of Odd Fellows. A scientific work in the field of cultural studies</i>, vol. 10 of the "Cultural Studies in the Heartland of America" project, <i>Wissenschaftlicher Verlag</i>, Trier, Germany; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3868210934" title="Special:BookSources/978-3868210934">978-3868210934</a>; retrieved 14 October 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Oddfellows, Order of"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Oddfellows,_Order_of">"Oddfellows, Order of" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 996.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oddfellows%2C+Order+of&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=996&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Weinbren, Daniel (2010) <i>The Oddfellows 1810–2010: Two Hundred Years of Making Friends and Helping People</i> Lancaster: Carnegie Publishing; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1859362075" title="Special:BookSources/978-1859362075">978-1859362075</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BMGray-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BMGray_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burkley M. Gray (n.d.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phoenixmasonry.org/masonicmuseum/fraternalism/fraternalism_in_america.htm">Fraternalism in America (1860–1920)</a>, phoenixmasonry.org; accessed 1 November 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGUOOF-History-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USGUOOF-History_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USGUOOF-History_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guoofamerica.com/oddfellows_natl/History.html">"History"</a>. Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft.pub=Grand+United+Order+of+Odd+Fellows+in+America&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fguoofamerica.com%2Foddfellows_natl%2FHistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oddfellows3-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows3_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oddfellows3_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070227050300/http://www.oddfellows.co.uk/uploads/documents/feb_06/odd_1139392353_Oddfellows_History.doc">"History of the Oddfellows"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Oddfellows&rft.place=Manchester%2C+UK&rft.pub=The+Oddfellows+%28The+Independent+Order+of+Oddfellows+Manchester+Unity+Friendly+Society+Ltd%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oddfellows.co.uk%2Fuploads%2Fdocuments%2Ffeb_06%2Fodd_1139392353_Oddfellows_History.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HistoryUK-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HistoryUK_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oddfellows.co.uk/Site/Content/Gen_Content.aspx?contentID=4d937b78-25f3-48bb-92e6-bfaa46b534d1">History and Traditions</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130109112333/http://www.oddfellows.co.uk/Site/Content/Gen_Content.aspx?contentID=4d937b78-25f3-48bb-92e6-bfaa46b534d1">Archived</a> 9 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, oddfellows.co.uk; retrieved 11 November 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeresford2006" class="citation web cs1">Beresford, Rachael (8 February 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071006111747/http://www.oddfellows.co.uk/uploads/documents/feb_06/odd_1139392353_Oddfellows_History.doc">"History of the Oddfellows"</a>. Manchester, UK: The Oddfellows (The Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity Friendly Society Limited). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oddfellows.co.uk/uploads/documents/feb_06/odd_1139392353_Oddfellows_History.doc">the original</a> on 6 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Oddfellows&rft.place=Manchester%2C+UK&rft.pub=The+Oddfellows+%28The+Independent+Order+of+Oddfellows+Manchester+Unity+Friendly+Society+Limited%29&rft.date=2006-02-08&rft.aulast=Beresford&rft.aufirst=Rachael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oddfellows.co.uk%2Fuploads%2Fdocuments%2Ffeb_06%2Fodd_1139392353_Oddfellows_History.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guoofamerica.com/oddfellows_natl/History.html">"History Of The Order"</a>. Guoofamerica.com. 6 January 1943<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+Of+The+Order&rft.pub=Guoofamerica.com&rft.date=1943-01-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fguoofamerica.com%2Foddfellows_natl%2FHistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weinbren-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Weinbren_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Most statements here can be found in Weinbren, D. (2010). "The Oddfellows: 200 years of making friends and helping people". United Kingdom: Carnegie Publishing</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Birdely, G. "The origin, rise and progress of Oddfellowship", <i>Manx Quarterly</i>, 7, 1909.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HistoryMU-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HistoryMU_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oddfellows.org.uk/History.htm">History: Manchester Unity</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130121022417/http://www.oddfellows.org.uk/History.htm">Archived</a> 21 January 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, oddfellows.org.uk; accessed 1 November 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ioofphilippines.yolasite.com/history.php">About the Odd Fellows Fraternity</a>, ioofphilippines.yolasite.com; accessed 1 November 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guoofs-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-guoofs_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guoofs.com">Grand United Order of Oddfellows Friendly Society (U.K.)</a>, guoofs.com; accessed 1 November 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Oddfellows Magazine</i>, October 1838, pg. 171</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From a review of '"A Sermon, delivered in the Parish Church of <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a>, to the Original United Order of Oddfellows", on Monday, 9 July 1798, by George Smith MA, curate of the said Church, and late of Trinity College, Cambridge' in Gentleman's Magazine, September 1798, pp. 785–786.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MATabbert-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MATabbert_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark A. Tabbert (2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freemasons-freemasonry.com/tabbert5.html">The Odd Fellows</a>, Masonic Papers, first published Dec. 2003, "The Northern Light", Scottish Rite Freemasonry, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, USA.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oddfellows.co.uk/site/content/gen_content.aspx">"The Oddfellows (Manchester Unity), were established in 1810 and celebrated their bicentenary in 2010"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101021081215/http://www.oddfellows.co.uk/site/content/Gen_Content.aspx">Archived</a> 21 October 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, oddfellows.co.uk; accessed 1 November 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Solt-Dennis-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Solt-Dennis_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolt-Dennis2005" class="citation book cs1">Solt-Dennis, Victoria (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=biDlzeoxd2AC&pg=PA90"><i>Discovering Friendly and Fraternal Societies: Their Badges and Regalia</i></a>. Princes Risborough, UK: Shire Publications. p. 90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0747806284" title="Special:BookSources/0747806284"><bdi>0747806284</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Discovering+Friendly+and+Fraternal+Societies%3A+Their+Badges+and+Regalia&rft.place=Princes+Risborough%2C+UK&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=Shire+Publications&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0747806284&rft.aulast=Solt-Dennis&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbiDlzeoxd2AC%26pg%3DPA90&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JFW-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JFW_35-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson1891" class="citation cs2">Wilkinson, JF (1891), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fraternalsecrets.org"><i>The Friendly Society Movement</i></a> (extracts), Longmans</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Friendly+Society+Movement&rft.pub=Longmans&rft.date=1891&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=JF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fraternalsecrets.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scots-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Scots_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scots_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scots_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scots_36-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scots_36-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scots_36-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Scots_36-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rls.org.uk/database/record.php?usi=000-000-001-351-L"><i>The History of the Oddfellows in Scotland</i></a>, UK: RLS</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Oddfellows+in+Scotland&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=RLS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rls.org.uk%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fusi%3D000-000-001-351-L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyshelf.org/shelf/friend/08.php">"Friendly Societies"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Friendly+Societies&rft.pub=HistoryShelf.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyshelf.org%2Fshelf%2Ffriend%2F08.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hs8-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hs8_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hs8_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hs8_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hs8_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hs8_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hs8_38-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hs8_38-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyshelf.org/shelf/friend/08.php">"Oddfellows Orders in Scotland"</a>, <i>Friendly Societies</i>, History shelf<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oddfellows+Orders+in+Scotland&rft.btitle=Friendly+Societies&rft.pub=History+shelf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyshelf.org%2Fshelf%2Ffriend%2F08.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hs7-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hs7_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyshelf.org/shelf/friend/07.php">"The Oddfellows"</a>, <i>Friendly Societies</i>, History shelf<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Oddfellows&rft.btitle=Friendly+Societies&rft.pub=History+shelf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyshelf.org%2Fshelf%2Ffriend%2F07.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ioof.org"><i>The (American) Independent Order of Odd Fellows (IOOF)</i></a>, Ioof.org<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+%28American%29+Independent+Order+of+Odd+Fellows+%28IOOF%29&rft.pub=Ioof.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ioof.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161028222216/http://www.catholic.com/quickquestions/should-catholics-join-the-odd-fellows">"Should Catholics join the Odd Fellows?"</a>. Catholic.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic.com/quickquestions/should-catholics-join-the-odd-fellows">the original</a> on 28 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Should+Catholics+join+the+Odd+Fellows%3F&rft.pub=Catholic.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic.com%2Fquickquestions%2Fshould-catholics-join-the-odd-fellows&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Preuss, p. 104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-christy-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-christy_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-christy_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Christy, F. & Smith, D. (1995). <i>Six Links of Fellowship</i>. Linden Publications, California, pp. 122–123. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_19831126_declaration-masonic_en.html">"Vatican"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vatican&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Froman_curia%2Fcongregations%2Fcfaith%2Fdocuments%2Frc_con_cfaith_doc_19831126_declaration-masonic_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origins and history of the Oddfellows are not easily verified; some of the possible facts are mixed with unverifiable myth, legend, folklore and opinion. The following is a far-from-exhaustive list of "histories" of Oddfellows – unfortunately, few of them quote their sources. </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurnc._1846" class="citation cs2">Burn, PPGM, of Glasgow (c. 1846), <i>Historical Sketch of Oddfellowship</i>, Manchester: A. Heywood</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Sketch+of+Oddfellowship&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pub=A.+Heywood&rft.aulast=Burn&rft.aufirst=PPGM%2C+of+Glasgow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Citation" title="Template:Citation">citation</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2010" class="citation cs2">James, Dr Bob (2010), <i>They Call Each Brother – Secret Societies and the Strange Death of Mateship in Australia, 1788–2010</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=They+Call+Each+Brother+%E2%80%93+Secret+Societies+and+the+Strange+Death+of+Mateship+in+Australia%2C+1788%E2%80%932010&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Dr+Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span>. Self-published.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames" class="citation cs2">James, Dr Bob, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fraternalsecrets.org/"><i>Odd Fellows</i></a>, The Australian Centre for Secret Societies, Fraternalism and Mateship (i.e. Self-published.)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Odd+Fellows&rft.pub=The+Australian+Centre+for+Secret+Societies%2C+Fraternalism+and+Mateship+%28i.e.+Self-published.%29&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Dr+Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fraternalsecrets.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span>. Contains numerous articles and, according to its author, "is constantly being updated".</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoffrey1904" class="citation cs2">Moffrey, Past Grand Master Robert (1904), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/history/socs/odf_mdly.htm"><i>The Rise and Progress of the Manchester Unity of the Independent Order of Oddfellows, 1810–1904</i></a>, Manchester: The Grand Master & Board of Directors of the Order, Printers John Heywood</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+and+Progress+of+the+Manchester+Unity+of+the+Independent+Order+of+Oddfellows%2C+1810%E2%80%931904&rft.place=Manchester&rft.pub=The+Grand+Master+%26+Board+of+Directors+of+the+Order%2C+Printers+John+Heywood&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Moffrey&rft.aufirst=Past+Grand+Master+Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isle-of-man.com%2Fmanxnotebook%2Fhistory%2Fsocs%2Fodf_mdly.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpry1867" class="citation cs2">Spry, J (1867), <i>History of Oddfellowship</i>, Paternoster Row, London: Fred Pitman</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Oddfellowship&rft.place=Paternoster+Row%2C+London&rft.pub=Fred+Pitman&rft.date=1867&rft.aulast=Spry&rft.aufirst=J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span> deals, as set forth on its title page, with "Its origin, tradition, and objects, with a general review of the results arising from its adoption by the branch known as the Manchester Unity from the year 1810 to the present time." The book was published by Fred Pitman, of London, and by the author at Plymouth.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guoofs.com/history/">"History : The history of our society"</a>. GUOOFS (The Grand United Order of Oddfellows Friendly Society)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+%3A+The+history+of+our+society&rft.pub=GUOOFS+%28The+Grand+United+Order+of+Oddfellows+Friendly+Society%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guoofs.com%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130119055213/http://mill-valley.freemasonry.biz/marin_odd_fellows.htm"><i>History of the IOOF in Marin County</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mill-valley.freemasonry.biz/marin_odd_fellows.htm">the original</a> on 19 January 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+IOOF+in+Marin+County&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmill-valley.freemasonry.biz%2Fmarin_odd_fellows.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150102135309/http://archive.wbir.com/news/article/156721/141/why-do-they-call-it-that-odd-fellows-cemetery">"Odd Fellows Cemetery, Knoxville, KT"</a>. wbir.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wbir.com/news/article/156721/141/why-do-they-call-it-that-odd-fellows-cemetery">the original</a> on 2 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Odd+Fellows+Cemetery%2C+Knoxville%2C+KT&rft.pub=wbir.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.wbir.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F156721%2F141%2Fwhy-do-they-call-it-that-odd-fellows-cemetery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nolacemeteries.com/odd.html"><i>Odd Fellows Rest</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Odd+Fellows+Rest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nolacemeteries.com%2Fodd.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span>, the history of an IOOF cemetery in New Orleans.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooks,_Charles_H.1902" class="citation cs2">Brooks, Charles H. (1902), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Sj-jv2g7utcC"><i>The Official History and Manual of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America</i></a>, Odd Fellows' Journal Print, p. 274</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Official+History+and+Manual+of+the+Grand+United+Order+of+Odd+Fellows+in+America&rft.pages=274&rft.pub=Odd+Fellows%27+Journal+Print&rft.date=1902&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Charles+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSj-jv2g7utcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOdd+Fellows" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Odd_Fellows303" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Odd_Fellows_footer" title="Template:Odd Fellows footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Odd_Fellows_footer" title="Template talk:Odd Fellows footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Odd_Fellows_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Odd Fellows footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Odd_Fellows303" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Odd Fellows</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>International <a href="/wiki/Fraternal_order" title="Fraternal order">fraternal orders</a> originating in the United Kingdom in the 18th century</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grand_lodge" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand lodge">Governing bodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Odd_Fellows" title="Independent Order of Odd Fellows">Independent Order of Odd Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Order_of_Oddfellows_Manchester_Unity" title="Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity">Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_United_Order_of_Oddfellows" title="Grand United Order of Oddfellows">Grand United Order of Oddfellows</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FVNP_-_Odd_Fellow_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Headquarters of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows in Copenhagen, Denmark"><img alt="Headquarters of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows in Copenhagen, Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/FVNP_-_Odd_Fellow_1.jpg/175px-FVNP_-_Odd_Fellow_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/FVNP_-_Odd_Fellow_1.jpg/263px-FVNP_-_Odd_Fellow_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/FVNP_-_Odd_Fellow_1.jpg/350px-FVNP_-_Odd_Fellow_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1339" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternal_auxiliaries_and_side_degrees" title="List of fraternal auxiliaries and side degrees">Appendant bodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Rebekah_Assemblies" title="International Association of Rebekah Assemblies">International Association of Rebekah Assemblies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_of_Ruth" title="Household of Ruth">Household of Ruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mystic_Order_of_Samaritans" title="Ancient Mystic Order of Samaritans">Ancient Mystic Order of Samaritans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladies_of_the_Orient" title="Ladies of the Orient">Ladies of the Orient</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes" title="John Wilkes">John Wilkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Savile,_8th_Baronet" title="Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet">Sir George Savile, 8th Baronet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wildey" title="Thomas Wildey">Thomas Wildey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ogden_(Odd_Fellows_founder)" title="Peter Ogden (Odd Fellows founder)">Peter Ogden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Schuyler Colfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Ridgely" title="James L. Ridgely">James L. Ridgely</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Odd_Fellows_buildings" title="Category:Odd Fellows buildings">Buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Odd_Fellows_buildings" title="List of Odd Fellows buildings">List of Odd Fellows buildings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">Financial services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insignia_Financial" title="Insignia Financial">Insignia Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Unity_Credit_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester Unity Credit Union">Manchester Unity Credit Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Category:Odd_Fellowship" title="Category:Odd Fellowship">Category:Odd Fellowship</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fraternities_and_sororities832" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Template:Fraternities and sororities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Template talk:Fraternities and sororities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fraternities and sororities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fraternities_and_sororities832" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">Fraternities and sororities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Academic fraternities originating from <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_(fraternity_or_sorority)" title="Colony (fraternity or sorority)">Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_fraternity_and_sorority_housing" title="North American fraternity and sorority housing">North American fraternity and sorority housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepping_(African-American)" title="Stepping (African-American)">Stepping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_United_States_college_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Racism in United States college fraternities and sororities">U.S. racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazing_in_Greek_letter_organizations" title="Hazing in Greek letter organizations">Hazing in Greek letter organizations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hazing_deaths_in_the_United_States" title="List of hazing deaths in the United States">U.S. deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hazing_deaths_in_the_Philippines" title="List of hazing deaths in the Philippines">Philippines deaths</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_of_Fraternities" title="Mother of Fraternities">Mother of Fraternities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">Fraternities and sororities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_North_American_fraternities_and_sororities" title="History of North American fraternities and sororities">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_school_fraternities_and_sororities" title="High school fraternities and sororities">High school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Professional fraternities and sororities">Professional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Service fraternities and sororities">Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities_in_Canada" title="Fraternities and sororities in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li>Lists by country/territory <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_France" title="List of fraternities and sororities in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_the_Philippines" title="List of fraternities and sororities in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_Puerto_Rico" title="List of fraternities and sororities in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_fraternities_and_sororities" title="List of African-American fraternities and sororities">Historically<br />African-American</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Alpha" title="Alpha Kappa Alpha">ΑΚΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Alpha" title="Alpha Phi Alpha">ΑΦΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Theta" title="Delta Sigma Theta">ΔΣΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Phi_Beta" title="Zeta Phi Beta">ΖΦΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Phi_Theta" title="Iota Phi Theta">ΙΦΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Psi" title="Kappa Alpha Psi">ΚΑΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Gamma_Rho" title="Sigma Gamma Rho">ΣΓΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Sigma" title="Phi Beta Sigma">ΦΒΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Rho_Eta" title="Phi Rho Eta">ΦΡΗ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Psi_Phi" title="Omega Psi Phi">ΩΨΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_Psi_Phi" title="Wine Psi Phi">WΨΦ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historically<br />Asian/Pacific Islander-American</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Iota_Omicron" title="Alpha Iota Omicron">Alpha Iota Omicron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Delta_Phi" title="Alpha Kappa Delta Phi">αΚΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Gamma_(sorority)" title="Alpha Phi Gamma (sorority)">ΑΦΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Chi_Theta" title="Beta Chi Theta">ΒΧΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Epsilon_Psi" title="Delta Epsilon Psi">ΔΕΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Kappa_Delta" title="Delta Kappa Delta">ΔΚΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi_Omega" title="Delta Phi Omega">ΔΦΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Nu_Delta" title="Iota Nu Delta">ΙΝΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Phi_Lambda" title="Kappa Phi Lambda">ΚΦΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Phi_Epsilon" title="Lambda Phi Epsilon">ΛΦΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Alpha_Phi" title="Pi Alpha Phi">ΠΑΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Delta_Psi" title="Pi Delta Psi">ΠΔΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Beta_Rho" title="Sigma Beta Rho">ΣΒΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Omicron_Pi" title="Sigma Omicron Pi">ΣΟΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Psi_Zeta" title="Sigma Psi Zeta">ΣΨΖ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Omega" title="Sigma Phi Omega">ΣΦΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Rho_Omicron" title="Chi Rho Omicron">XPO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_fraternities" title="Christian fraternities">Christian<br />fraternities</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_sororities" title="Christian sororities">sororities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Gamma" title="Alpha Delta Gamma">ΑΔΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Chi" title="Alpha Delta Chi">ΑΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Omega" title="Alpha Gamma Omega">ΑΓΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Lambda_Omega" title="Alpha Lambda Omega">ΑΛΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beggars_(fraternity)" title="Beggars (fraternity)">ΒΕΓΓΑΡΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Sigma_Psi" title="Beta Sigma Psi">ΒΣΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Upsilon_Chi" title="Beta Upsilon Chi">ΒΥΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Omega" title="Sigma Alpha Omega">ΣΑΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Theta_Epsilon" title="Sigma Theta Epsilon">ΣΘΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Lambda" title="Sigma Phi Lambda">ΣΦΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Chi" title="Phi Beta Chi">ΦΒΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Alpha_Omega" title="Chi Alpha Omega">ΧΑΩ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_fraternities_and_sororities" title="List of Jewish fraternities and sororities">Historically Jewish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Epsilon_Pi" title="Alpha Epsilon Pi">ΑΕΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Epsilon_Phi" title="Alpha Epsilon Phi">ΑΕΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Beta_Tau" title="Zeta Beta Tau">ΖΒΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Epsilon_Pi" title="Sigma Alpha Epsilon Pi">ΣΑΕΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Mu" title="Sigma Alpha Mu">ΣΑΜ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Tau" title="Sigma Delta Tau">ΣΔΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Delta_Phi" title="Tau Delta Phi">ΤΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Epsilon_Phi" title="Tau Epsilon Phi">ΤΕΦ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_interest_fraternities_and_sororities" title="Cultural interest fraternities and sororities">Multicultural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Xi_Nu" title="Delta Xi Nu">ΔΞΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Xi_Phi" title="Delta Xi Phi">ΔΞΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Eta" title="Gamma Eta">ΓΗ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Sigma_Chi" title="Zeta Sigma Chi">ΖΣΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Phi_Rho" title="Zeta Phi Rho">ΖΦΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Chi_Phi" title="Zeta Chi Phi">ΖΧΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Nu_Xi" title="Theta Nu Xi">ΘΝΞ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Tau_Omega" title="Lambda Tau Omega">ΛΤΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Psi_Delta" title="Lambda Psi Delta">ΛΨΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_Sigma_Upsilon" title="Mu Sigma Upsilon">ΜΣΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Beta" title="Sigma Lambda Beta">ΣΛΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Gamma" title="Sigma Lambda Gamma">ΣΛΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Theta_Psi" title="Sigma Theta Psi">ΣΘΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Phi_Sigma" title="Tau Phi Sigma">ΤΦΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi_Sigma_Phi" title="Psi Sigma Phi">ΨΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Delta_Phi" title="Omega Delta Phi">ΩΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Phi_Chi" title="Omega Phi Chi">ΩΦΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delphic_Fraternity" title="Delphic Fraternity">Delphic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historically <a href="/wiki/Scouting" title="Scouting">Scout</a>-affiliated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Omega" title="Alpha Phi Omega">ΑΦΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Tau_Pi" title="Epsilon Tau Pi">ΕΤΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Sigma_Sigma" title="Gamma Sigma Sigma">ΓΣΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Phi_Alpha" title="Omega Phi Alpha">ΩΦΑ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ_and_LGBTQ-friendly_fraternities_and_sororities" title="List of LGBTQ and LGBTQ-friendly fraternities and sororities">LGBTQ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Lambda_Zeta" title="Alpha Lambda Zeta">ΑΛΖ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Pi_Delta" title="Alpha Pi Delta">ΑΠΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Lambda_Phi" title="Delta Lambda Phi">ΔΛΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Rho_Lambda" title="Gamma Rho Lambda">ΓΡΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Pi_Sigma" title="Theta Pi Sigma">ΘΠΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Lambda" title="Kappa Alpha Lambda">ΚΑΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Theta_Epsilon" title="Kappa Theta Epsilon">ΚΘΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omicron_Epsilon_Pi" title="Omicron Epsilon Pi">ΟΕΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Beta_(fraternity)" title="Sigma Phi Beta (fraternity)">ΣΦΒ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Native American</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Pi_Omega" title="Alpha Pi Omega">ΑΠΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Nu" title="Phi Sigma Nu">ΦΣΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Omicron_Epsilon" title="Sigma Omicron Epsilon">ΣΟΕ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latino_fraternities_and_sororities" title="List of Latino fraternities and sororities">Latino</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_fraternities_and_sororities_in_Puerto_Rico" title="List of fraternities and sororities in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rican</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Zeta_(Latin_American)" title="Alpha Zeta (Latin American)">AZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Psi_Lambda" title="Alpha Psi Lambda">ΑΨΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Omicron_Sigma" title="Alpha Omicron Sigma">ΑΟΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Tau_Lambda" title="Delta Tau Lambda">ΔΤΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Alpha_Omega" title="Gamma Alpha Omega">ΓΑΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Zeta_Alpha" title="Gamma Zeta Alpha">ΓΖΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eta_Gamma_Delta" title="Eta Gamma Delta">ΗΓΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta_Chi" title="Kappa Delta Chi">ΚΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Alpha_Upsilon" title="Lambda Alpha Upsilon">ΛΑΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Pi_Upsilon" title="Lambda Pi Upsilon">ΛΠΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Pi_Chi" title="Lambda Pi Chi">ΛΠΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Sigma_Upsilon" title="Lambda Sigma Upsilon">ΛΣΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Theta_Alpha" title="Lambda Theta Alpha">ΛΘΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Theta_Nu" title="Lambda Theta Nu">ΛΘΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Theta_Phi" title="Lambda Theta Phi">ΛΘΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Upsilon_Lambda" title="Lambda Upsilon Lambda">ΛΥΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu_Alpha_Phi" title="Mu Alpha Phi">ΜΑΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_Alpha_Kappa" title="Nu Alpha Kappa">ΝΑΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_Sigma_Beta" title="Nu Sigma Beta">ΝΣΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Alpha" title="Sigma Delta Alpha">ΣΔΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Iota" title="Sigma Iota">ΣΙ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Iota_Alpha" title="Sigma Iota Alpha">ΣΙΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Alpha_(sorority)" title="Sigma Lambda Alpha (sorority)">ΣΛΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Lambda_Upsilon" title="Sigma Lambda Upsilon">ΣΛΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Pi_Alpha" title="Sigma Pi Alpha">ΣΠΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Gamma_(social)" title="Phi Delta Gamma (social)">ΦΔΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Eta_Mu" title="Phi Eta Mu">ΦΗΜ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Iota_Alpha" title="Phi Iota Alpha">ΦΙΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Lambda_Alpha" title="Phi Lambda Alpha">ΦΛΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Alpha" title="Phi Sigma Alpha">ΦΣΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Upsilon_Sigma" title="Chi Upsilon Sigma">ΧΥΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi_Alpha_Kappa" title="Psi Alpha Kappa">ΨΑΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Phi_Beta" title="Omega Phi Beta">ΩΦΒ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Rho" title="Alpha Gamma Rho">ΑΓΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Sigma_(fraternity)" title="Alpha Gamma Sigma (fraternity)">ΑΓΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Psi" title="Alpha Kappa Psi">ΑΚΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Kappa" title="Alpha Sigma Kappa">ΑΣΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Omega_Epsilon" title="Alpha Omega Epsilon">ΑΩΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Pi" title="Delta Sigma Pi">ΔΣΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Kappa_Psi" title="Kappa Kappa Psi">ΚΚΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Iota" title="Sigma Alpha Iota">ΣΑΙ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Beta_Sigma" title="Tau Beta Sigma">ΤΒΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Gamma" title="Phi Sigma Gamma">ΦΣΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Rho" title="Phi Sigma Rho">ΦΣΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceres_(women%27s_fraternity)" title="Ceres (women's fraternity)">Ceres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FarmHouse" title="FarmHouse">FarmHouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_Fraternity" title="Triangle Fraternity">Triangle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_fraternities" title="List of social fraternities">Social sororities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Gamma_Delta" title="Alpha Gamma Delta">ΑΓΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Pi" title="Alpha Delta Pi">ΑΔΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Epsilon_Phi" title="Alpha Epsilon Phi">ΑΕΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Xi_Delta" title="Alpha Xi Delta">ΑΞΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Omicron_Pi" title="Alpha Omicron Pi">ΑΟΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Alpha" title="Alpha Sigma Alpha">ΑΣΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Tau" title="Alpha Sigma Tau">ΑΣΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi" title="Alpha Phi">ΑΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Omega" title="Alpha Chi Omega">ΑΧΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Phi_Beta" title="Gamma Phi Beta">ΓΦΒ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Delta_Delta" title="Delta Delta Delta">ΔΔΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Gamma" title="Delta Gamma">ΔΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Zeta" title="Delta Zeta">ΔΖ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi_Epsilon_(social)" title="Delta Phi Epsilon (social)">ΔΦΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Tau_Alpha" title="Zeta Tau Alpha">ΖΤΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Phi_Alpha" title="Theta Phi Alpha">ΘΦΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Theta" title="Kappa Alpha Theta">ΚΑΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Beta_Gamma" title="Kappa Beta Gamma">ΚΒΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta" title="Kappa Delta">ΚΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Kappa_Gamma" title="Kappa Kappa Gamma">ΚΚΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Beta_Phi" title="Pi Beta Phi">ΠΒΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Tau" title="Sigma Delta Tau">ΣΔΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Kappa" title="Sigma Kappa">ΣΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Sigma_Sigma" title="Sigma Sigma Sigma">ΣΣΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Psi" title="Sigma Psi">ΣΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Mu" title="Phi Mu">ΦΜ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Sigma" title="Phi Sigma Sigma">ΦΣΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Omega" title="Chi Omega">ΧΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovia_(sorority)" title="Clovia (sorority)">Clovia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_fraternities" title="List of social fraternities">Social fraternities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Delta_Phi" title="Alpha Delta Phi">ΑΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Lambda" title="Alpha Kappa Lambda">ΑΚΛ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sigma_Phi" title="Alpha Sigma Phi">ΑΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Tau_Omega" title="Alpha Tau Omega">ΑΤΩ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Delta" title="Alpha Phi Delta">ΑΦΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Alpha" title="Alpha Chi Alpha">ΑΧΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Chi_Rho" title="Alpha Chi Rho">ΑΧΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Theta_Pi" title="Beta Theta Pi">ΒΘΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Delta Kappa Epsilon">ΔΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Sigma_Phi" title="Delta Sigma Phi">ΔΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Tau_Delta" title="Delta Tau Delta">ΔΤΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Upsilon" title="Delta Upsilon">ΔΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Phi" title="Delta Phi">ΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Chi" title="Delta Chi">ΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_Psi" title="Zeta Psi">ΖΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Delta_Chi" title="Theta Delta Chi">ΘΔΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Xi" title="Theta Xi">ΘΞ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theta_Chi" title="Theta Chi">ΘΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Order" title="Kappa Alpha Order">ΚΑ Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Alpha_Society" title="Kappa Alpha Society">ΚΑ Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta_Rho" title="Kappa Delta Rho">ΚΔΡ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Delta_Phi" title="Kappa Delta Phi">ΚΔΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Lambda_Psi" title="Kappa Lambda Psi">ΚΛΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kappa_Sigma" title="Kappa Sigma">ΚΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambda_Chi_Alpha" title="Lambda Chi Alpha">ΛΧΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omicron_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Omicron Kappa Epsilon">OΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Kappa_Alpha" title="Pi Kappa Alpha">ΠΚΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Kappa_Phi" title="Pi Kappa Phi">ΠΚΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Lambda_Phi" title="Pi Lambda Phi">ΠΛΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Epsilon" title="Sigma Alpha Epsilon">ΣΑΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Delta_Alpha" title="Sigma Delta Alpha">ΣΔΑ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Th%C3%AAta_Pi" title="Sigma Thêta Pi">ΣΘΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Nu" title="Sigma Nu">ΣΝ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Pi" title="Sigma Pi">ΣΠ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Tau_Gamma" title="Sigma Tau Gamma">ΣΤΓ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi" title="Sigma Phi">ΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Delta" title="Sigma Phi Delta">ΣΦΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Phi_Epsilon" title="Sigma Phi Epsilon">ΣΦΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigma_Chi" title="Sigma Chi">ΣΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Kappa_Epsilon" title="Tau Kappa Epsilon">ΤΚΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Gamma_Delta" title="Phi Gamma Delta">ΦΓΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Theta" title="Phi Delta Theta">ΦΔΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Delta_Psi" title="Phi Delta Psi">ΦΔΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Theta" title="Phi Kappa Theta">ΦΚΘ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Sigma" title="Phi Kappa Sigma">ΦΚΣ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Tau" title="Phi Kappa Tau">ΦΚΤ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Psi" title="Phi Kappa Psi">ΦΚΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Lambda_Chi" title="Phi Lambda Chi">ΦΛΧ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Mu_Alpha_Sinfonia" title="Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia">ΦΜΑ Sinfonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Mu_Delta" title="Phi Mu Delta">ΦΜΔ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Kappa" title="Phi Sigma Kappa">ΦΣΚ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi_Sigma_Phi" title="Phi Sigma Phi">ΦΣΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Gamma_Epsilon" title="Chi Gamma Epsilon">ΧΓΕ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Phi" title="Chi Phi">ΧΦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chi_Psi" title="Chi Psi">ΧΨ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psi_Upsilon" title="Psi Upsilon">ΨΥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acacia_(fraternity)" title="Acacia (fraternity)">Acacia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Odd Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_club" title="Gentlemen's club">Gentlemen's club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_society" title="Secret society">Secret society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&oldid=1274979081">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Odd_Fellows&oldid=1274979081</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Odd_Fellowship" title="Category:Odd Fellowship">Odd Fellowship</a></li><li><a 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