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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Levine_(Mediziner)" title="Philip Levine (Mediziner) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Philip Levine (Mediziner)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Levine_(m%C3%A9decin)" title="Philip Levine (médecin) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Philip Levine (médecin)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Levine" title="Philip Levine – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Philip Levine" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Levine" title="Philip Levine – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Philip Levine" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Левин, Филип – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Левин, Филип" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Levine" title="Philip Levine – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Philip Levine" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Philip+Levine%22+physician">"Philip Levine" physician</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Philip+Levine%22+physician+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Philip+Levine%22+physician&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Philip+Levine%22+physician+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Philip+Levine%22+physician">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Philip+Levine%22+physician&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Philip Levine</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1900-09-10</span>)</span>10 September 1900<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Kletsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kletsk">Kletsk</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">18 October 1987<span style="display:none">(1987-10-18)</span> (aged 87)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Pathologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathologist">Pathologist</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Serology of <a href="/wiki/Rh_disease" title="Rh disease">Rh disease</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Philip Levine</b> (August 10, 1900 – October 18, 1987) was an immuno-hematologist whose clinical research advanced knowledge on the <a href="/wiki/Rhesus_factor" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhesus factor">Rhesus factor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn" title="Hemolytic disease of the newborn">Hemolytic disease of the newborn</a> (HDN) and <a href="/wiki/Blood_transfusion" title="Blood transfusion">blood transfusion</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Levine_(physician)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Levine was born in <a href="/wiki/Kletsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kletsk">Kletsk</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a> (now in <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>), then in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>. He moved with his family to New York when he was 8 years old where his family took on a more English sounding surname. The family settled in <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> where Levine graduated from Boys' High School. He received a bachelor's degree at <a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">City College</a> and a master's degree and, in 1923, an M.D. degree at <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a> <a href="/wiki/Medical_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical School">Medical School</a>. About 1925, Levine became assistant to <a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Karl Landsteiner</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University">Rockefeller Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. In 1932, he took up research work on the <a href="/wiki/Bacteriophage" title="Bacteriophage">bacteriophage</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a>. Back in the east in 1935, he worked as a bacteriologist and serologist at <a href="/wiki/Newark_Beth_Israel_Medical_Center" title="Newark Beth Israel Medical Center">Newark Beth Israel Hospital</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a> where, in 1939, Levine and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rufus_E._Stetson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rufus E. Stetson (page does not exist)">Rufus E. Stetson</a> published their findings about a family who had a <a href="/wiki/Stillbirth" title="Stillbirth">stillborn</a> baby in 1937 who had died of <a href="/wiki/Hemolytic_disease_of_the_newborn" title="Hemolytic disease of the newborn">hemolytic disease of the newborn</a>. This publication included the first suggestion that a mother could make <a href="/wiki/Blood_type" title="Blood type">blood group</a> <a href="/wiki/Antibody" title="Antibody">antibodies</a> owing to <a href="/wiki/Alloimmunity" title="Alloimmunity">immune sensitization</a> to her <a href="/wiki/Fetus" title="Fetus">fetus's</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_blood_cell" title="Red blood cell">red blood cells</a>.<br /> In 1944, Levine started a centre for blood group research at the Ortho Research Foundation, <a href="/wiki/Raritan,_New_Jersey" title="Raritan, New Jersey">Raritan, New Jersey</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Levine_(physician)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Extract from the complete list of honors awarded to Levine in the Giblett publication on pp. 335f. </p> <ul><li>1944: Fellow of the American College of Physicians</li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Lasker_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Lasker Award">Albert Lasker Award</a> for clinical research awarded to Levine jointly with <a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Karl Landsteiner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Wiener" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Wiener">Alexander Wiener</a> for their work on the <a href="/wiki/Rhesus_factor" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhesus factor">Rhesus factor</a>, HDN and <a href="/wiki/Blood_transfusion" title="Blood transfusion">blood transfusion</a></li> <li>1951: <a href="/wiki/Passano_Foundation" title="Passano Foundation">Passano Foundation</a> Award</li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/AABB" title="AABB">AABB</a> Karl Landsteiner Award</li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/Townsend_Harris" title="Townsend Harris">Townsend Harris</a> Medal, Alumni Association of New York City College</li> <li>1959: Award of Merit of the Netherlands Red Cross</li> <li>1960: Johnson Medal for research and development in immunohematology</li> <li>1961: Life membership in the Harvey Society</li> <li>1964:First Franz Oehlecker Award from German Society for Blood Transfusion</li> <li>1965: Medal from German Red Cross</li> <li>1966: Elected to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Academy_of_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="United States National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/Clemens_von_Pirquet" title="Clemens von Pirquet">Clemens von Pirquet</a> Gold Medal from the 7th Forum on Allergy</li> <li>1967: Honorary Doctor of Science from <a href="/wiki/Michigan_State_University" title="Michigan State University">Michigan State University</a></li> <li>1978: Honorary member of the <a href="/wiki/International_Society_of_Blood_Transfusion" title="International Society of Blood Transfusion">International Society of Blood Transfusion</a></li> <li>1978: Honorary life member of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Academy_of_Sciences" title="New York Academy of Sciences">New York Academy of Sciences</a></li> <li>1980: Karl Landsteiner Gold Medal of Netherlands Red Cross</li> <li>1983: Honorary Doctor of Science, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin%E2%80%93Madison" title="University of Wisconsin–Madison">University of Wisconsin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Levine_(physician)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1969, the <a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_Clinical_Pathology" title="American Society for Clinical Pathology">American Society for Clinical Pathology</a> (ASCP) started an award for clinical research and named it the <i>Philip Levine Award</i> after Levine<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Levine_(physician)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rh_disease#History" title="Rh disease">History of medical advances in Rh disease</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Levine_(physician)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">List of recipients <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ascp.org/pdf/Membership-Communications/Philip-Levine-Award-past-recipients-list.aspx">on PDF here</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110930213156/http://www.ascp.org/pdf/Membership-Communications/Philip-Levine-Award-past-recipients-list.aspx">Archived</a> 2011-09-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Levine_(physician)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Eloise R. Giblett: <i>Philip Levine (1900-1987), A Biographical Memoir</i>, National Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C. 1994 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.nap.edu/html/biomems/plevine.pdf">PDF</a></li> <li>Levine P. and Stetson R. E: Intra-group agglutination. J Am Med Assoc, 113: 126,1939</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Levine_(physician)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neonatology.org/classics/mj1980/ch07.html">History of neonatology</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090721035039/http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/1946clinical.htm">Lasker Foundation webpage about the 1946 Clinical Research Award</a></li> <li>Levine's obituary in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/20/obituaries/dr-philip-levine-87-is-dead-discovered-blood-s-rh-factor.html">New York Times</a></li> <li>Detailed coverage of Levine's research on the Rh factor <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rockefeller.edu/about/awards/lasker/plevine">here</a> at Lasker Foundation website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/levine-philip.pdf">National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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