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Uitdrukking (wiskunde) - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voorbeelden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Voorbeelden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voorbeelden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manipuleren_van_uitdrukkingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manipuleren_van_uitdrukkingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Manipuleren van uitdrukkingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manipuleren_van_uitdrukkingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variabelen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variabelen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Variabelen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variabelen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Informatica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Informatica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Informatica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Informatica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Uitdrukking (wiskunde)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 39 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_(%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="عبارة (رياضيات) – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عبارة (رياضيات)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Израз (математика) – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Израз (математика)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A8%DA%95%DB%95_(%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9)" title="دەربڕە (ماتماتیک) – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەربڕە (ماتماتیک)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematick%C3%BD_v%C3%BDraz" title="Matematický výraz – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Matematický výraz" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%C4%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Математикăлла каланăлăх – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Математикăлла каланăлăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mynegiad_(mathemateg)" title="Mynegiad (mathemateg) – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mynegiad (mathemateg)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ausdruck_(Mathematik)" title="Ausdruck (Mathematik) – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ausdruck (Mathematik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_(mathematics)" title="Expression (mathematics) – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Expression (mathematics)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esprimo_(matematiko)" title="Esprimo (matematiko) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Esprimo (matematiko)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expresi%C3%B3n_matem%C3%A1tica" title="Expresión matemática – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Expresión matemática" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avaldis" title="Avaldis – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Avaldis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_(%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="عبارت (ریاضیات) – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عبارت (ریاضیات)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauseke_(matematiikka)" title="Lauseke (matematiikka) – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lauseke (matematiikka)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_(math%C3%A9matiques)" title="Expression (mathématiques) – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Expression (mathématiques)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%99_(%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94)" title="ביטוי (מתמטיקה) – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ביטוי (מתמטיקה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95" title="व्यंजक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="व्यंजक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekspresi_(matematika)" title="Ekspresi (matematika) – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ekspresi (matematika)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A6%C3%B0a_(st%C3%A6r%C3%B0fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Stæða (stærðfræði) – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stæða (stærðfræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espressione_matematica" title="Espressione matematica – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Espressione matematica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%BC%8F" title="数式 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="数式" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%8B%9D" title="수식 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수식" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Израз (математика) – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Израз (математика)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="വ്യഞ്ജകം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വ്യഞ്ജകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="पदावली – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पदावली" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4_(%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4)" title="ਇਬਾਰਤ (ਗਣਿਤ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਬਾਰਤ (ਗਣਿਤ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Express%C3%A3o_matem%C3%A1tica" title="Expressão matemática – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Expressão matemática" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expresie_matematic%C4%83" title="Expresie matematică – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Expresie matematică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Выражение (математика) – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Выражение (математика)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expression_(mathematics)" title="Expression (mathematics) – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Expression (mathematics)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematick%C3%BD_v%C3%BDraz" title="Matematický výraz – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Matematický výraz" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matemati%C4%8Dni_izraz" title="Matematični izraz – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Matematični izraz" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matematiskt_uttryck" title="Matematiskt uttryck – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Matematiskt uttryck" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88_(%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D)" title="கோவை (கணிதம்) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோவை (கணிதம்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C_(%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C)" title="นิพจน์ (คณิตศาสตร์) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นิพจน์ (คณิตศาสตร์)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0fade_(matematik)" title="İfade (matematik) – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İfade (matematik)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Вираз (математика) – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вираз (математика)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83u_th%E1%BB%A9c_(to%C3%A1n_h%E1%BB%8Dc)" title="Biểu thức (toán học) – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biểu thức (toán học)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A7_(%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7)" title="אויסדרוק (מאטעמאטיק) – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אויסדרוק (מאטעמאטיק)" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%81%94%E5%BC%8F" title="表達式 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="表達式" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6498784#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Doorverwezen vanaf <a href="/w/index.php?title=Expressie_(wiskunde)&amp;redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Expressie (wiskunde)">Expressie (wiskunde)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p>In de <a href="/wiki/Wiskunde" title="Wiskunde">wiskunde</a>, waaronder de <a href="/wiki/Wiskundige_logica" title="Wiskundige logica">wiskundige logica</a>, en de <a href="/wiki/Informatica" title="Informatica">informatica</a> is een <b>uitdrukking</b> of <b>expressie</b> een taalfragment dat een waarde representeert. Een uitdrukking geeft een welgevormde combinatie of logische samenstelling van <a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_wiskundige_symbolen" title="Lijst van wiskundige symbolen">wiskundige symbolen</a> weer. Zo is bijvoorbeeld </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 2x+4=0}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>2</mn> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 2x+4=0}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dad25724cef3a345996183a5096811e673ff917a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:10.756ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 2x+4=0}"></span></dd></dl> <p>een uitdrukking, terwijl </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {)x)}{5+}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>5</mn> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {)x)}{5+}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a1ae3abd0a45eaf77958ec912621df45f4191114" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:3.975ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {)x)}{5+}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>dit niet is, aangezien de <a href="/wiki/Haakje" title="Haakje">haakjes</a> links en rechts niet kloppen en er niets na het plusteken staat. De eerste uitdrukking heet welgevormd, de tweede uitdrukking is niet welgevormd. </p><p>Niet ieder grammaticaal welgevormd taalfragment is een expressie. Gegeven de functie </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f:\mathbb {N} \to \mathbb {N} :x\mapsto x+7}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">&#x2192;<!-- → --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> <mo>:</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">&#x21A6;<!-- ↦ --></mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>7</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f:\mathbb {N} \to \mathbb {N} :x\mapsto x+7}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/278f18bbfd0d10bf85b8d6ce8efa122e0c9fadf8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:22.399ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f:\mathbb {N} \to \mathbb {N} :x\mapsto x+7}"></span></dd></dl> <p>is het fragment </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(-3)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(-3)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8634279e6e0f5e769a01da592dbd301679723062" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:6.058ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(-3)}"></span></dd></dl> <p>grammaticaal welgevormd, maar desondanks geen uitdrukking, aangezien de functie <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}"></span> niet gedefinieerd is voor het getal –3 en <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f(-3)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f(-3)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8634279e6e0f5e769a01da592dbd301679723062" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:6.058ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f(-3)}"></span> daardoor betekenisloos is. </p><p>Als er variabelen in het fragment voorkomen, is het fragment een uitdrukking indien de weergegeven waarde te berekenen is. In een context van reële getallen is <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a+b}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a+b}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a2391acf09244b9dba74eb940e871a6be7e7973a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:5.068ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a+b}"></span> een uitdrukking, omdat <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ffd2487510aa438433a2579450ab2b3d557e5edc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.23ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a}"></span> en <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle b}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>b</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle b}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f11423fbb2e967f986e36804a8ae4271734917c3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.998ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle b}"></span> betekenisvol door reële getallen vervangen kunnen worden. Een uitdrukking is een <a href="/wiki/Syntaxis_(logica)" title="Syntaxis (logica)">syntactisch</a> concept, de betekenis van <a href="/wiki/Variabele" title="Variabele">variabelen</a> is relevant, maar verschillende deelgebieden van de wiskunde hebben verschillende noties van wat wel en niet is toegestaan. Daar gaat de <a href="/wiki/Formele_taal" title="Formele taal">formeletalentheorie</a> over. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voorbeelden">Voorbeelden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uitdrukking_(wiskunde)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Voorbeelden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uitdrukking_(wiskunde)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Voorbeelden"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Complex_getal" title="Complex getal">Complex</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (i+1)^{21}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> <msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>21</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (i+1)^{21}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/48fdbff26510a000b8ee51970745b9167abad175" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:8.491ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (i+1)^{21}}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exponenti%C3%ABle_functie" title="Exponentiële functie">Exponentieel</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\big (}{\tfrac {2}{3}}{\big )}^{x+4}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em">(</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mfrac> <mn>2</mn> <mn>3</mn> </mfrac> </mstyle> </mrow> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo maxsize="1.2em" minsize="1.2em">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\big (}{\tfrac {2}{3}}{\big )}^{x+4}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/02c1e7bb59baa5f0de077ff2fc5b11e22a8288b7" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.338ex; width:7.061ex; height:4.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\big (}{\tfrac {2}{3}}{\big )}^{x+4}}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goniometrie" title="Goniometrie">Goniometrisch</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {\sin 2\alpha }{\cot 3\alpha }}+\cos ^{2}\alpha }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>sin</mi> <mo>&#x2061;<!-- ⁡ --></mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>&#x03B1;<!-- α --></mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>cot</mi> <mo>&#x2061;<!-- ⁡ --></mo> <mn>3</mn> <mi>&#x03B1;<!-- α --></mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>cos</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>&#x2061;<!-- ⁡ --></mo> <mi>&#x03B1;<!-- α --></mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {\sin 2\alpha }{\cot 3\alpha }}+\cos ^{2}\alpha }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/96d5d3d9618948c5ebafa493e05d5837d36990c9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:15.853ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {\sin 2\alpha }{\cot 3\alpha }}+\cos ^{2}\alpha }"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Logica" title="Logica">Logisch</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (A\land \neg B)\ \lor \ (C\to D)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>&#x2227;<!-- ∧ --></mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">&#x00AC;<!-- ¬ --></mi> <mi>B</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext> <mo>&#x2228;<!-- ∨ --></mo> <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mo stretchy="false">&#x2192;<!-- → --></mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (A\land \neg B)\ \lor \ (C\to D)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/01cd239fd097df0822a13cd337945662892a87c2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:22.307ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (A\land \neg B)\ \lor \ (C\to D)}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polynoom" title="Polynoom">Polynomen</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 4x^{5}-{\frac {6x^{4}}{11}}-x^{3}{\sqrt {2}}+x^{2}+{\frac {x}{7}}-{\frac {13}{6}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>4</mn> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>5</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>6</mn> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mn>11</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mn>2</mn> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mn>7</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>13</mn> <mn>6</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 4x^{5}-{\frac {6x^{4}}{11}}-x^{3}{\sqrt {2}}+x^{2}+{\frac {x}{7}}-{\frac {13}{6}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8b34fdb0429cff20eea275e78cbb56d485b299d0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:35.324ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 4x^{5}-{\frac {6x^{4}}{11}}-x^{3}{\sqrt {2}}+x^{2}+{\frac {x}{7}}-{\frac {13}{6}}}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rationale_functie" title="Rationale functie">Rationaal</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {x^{2}+5x-3}{x-2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {x^{2}+5x-3}{x-2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/52263bba0d3460859e6a0072281f05dca4374e71" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:12.555ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {x^{2}+5x-3}{x-2}}}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rekenen" title="Rekenen">Rekenkundig</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 4+3}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>4</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 4+3}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/940c0ab5d6e3366f9a87c2111ed7490bc0390b68" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:5.165ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 4+3}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Gelijkstelling van twee uitdrukkingen, zoals </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle y={\frac {x}{2}}+13}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mn>13</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle y={\frac {x}{2}}+13}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/10b79335404e2a2b3ac7b4c95a1c890336078c35" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:11.585ex; height:4.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle y={\frac {x}{2}}+13}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>kan als <a href="/wiki/Vergelijking_(wiskunde)" title="Vergelijking (wiskunde)">vergelijking</a> zijn bedoeld die moet worden opgelost, eventueel samen met andere in een stelsel van vergelijkingen, of als formule om een wetmatigheid of definitie mee te geven. <a href="/wiki/Functie_(wiskunde)" title="Functie (wiskunde)">Functies</a> zijn daar een voorbeeld van. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manipuleren_van_uitdrukkingen">Manipuleren van uitdrukkingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uitdrukking_(wiskunde)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Manipuleren van uitdrukkingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uitdrukking_(wiskunde)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Manipuleren van uitdrukkingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie ook: <a href="/wiki/Formeel_systeem" title="Formeel systeem">Formeel systeem</a></i></div> <p>Net zoals uitdrukkingen worden gevormd volgens zekere regels (regels die in de diverse deelgebieden van de wiskunde kunnen verschillen), kan men vaak, volgens vastgestelde regels, een nieuwe vorm aan een uitdrukking geven, soms zijn deze regels zeer algemeen, soms specifiek en alleen toepasbaar in een specifiek deelgebied van de wiskunde. </p><p>Voorbeeld: de uitdrukking </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x^{2}+3x-4}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>4</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x^{2}+3x-4}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0109c56991e9fd6c67c31ef68d99420a448b24f8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:11.719ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x^{2}+3x-4}"></span></dd></dl> <p>is gelijk aan </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (x+4)(x-1)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (x+4)(x-1)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/99f3449cfa0fda469ec3eccdafb7c374b6e6c915" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:14.284ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (x+4)(x-1)}"></span>.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variabelen">Variabelen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uitdrukking_(wiskunde)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Variabelen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uitdrukking_(wiskunde)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Variabelen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Veel verschillende uitdrukkingen bevatten letters. Deze letters worden <a href="/wiki/Variabele" title="Variabele">variabelen</a> genoemd. Variabelen kunnen worden onderverdeeld in twee hoofdgroepen. Men onderscheidt <a href="/wiki/Variabele#Gebonden_variabele" title="Variabele">de vrije variabele en de gebonden variabele</a>. </p><p>Voor sommige combinaties van waarden voor de vrije variabelen kan een uitdrukking worden geëvalueerd. Voor andere combinaties van waarden kan de uitdrukking ongedefinieerd zijn. De uitdrukking is op deze manier een uitdrukking van een <a href="/wiki/Functie_(wiskunde)" title="Functie (wiskunde)">functie</a>. </p><p>De uitdrukking </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {x}{y}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <mi>y</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {x}{y}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/187d36a20476c4ccaaae85662613087bc4c67d35" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:2.166ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {x}{y}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>bijvoorbeeld, zal geëvalueerd voor <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x=10,\ y=5,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>10</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext> <mi>y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mo>,</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x=10,\ y=5,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8aba7f6c9d9cd58dfc617f7fe9c6fd3be77241e8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:14.431ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x=10,\ y=5,}"></span> als resultaat 2 geven, maar ze is <a href="/wiki/Delen_door_nul" title="Delen door nul">ongedefinieerd</a> voor <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x=7,\ y=0.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>7</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext> <mi>y</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x=7,\ y=0.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d44f401026276d2ec7c9511a08bb138d73197c71" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:13.268ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x=7,\ y=0.}"></span> </p><p>De evaluatie van een uitdrukking hangt af van de definitie van de wiskundige <a href="/wiki/Operator_(wiskunde)" title="Operator (wiskunde)">operatoren</a> op het waardesysteem dat in de definitie van deze operator ligt besloten. </p><p>Van twee uitdrukkingen zegt men deze equivalent (gelijkwaardig) zijn als zij voor elke combinatie van waarden van de vrije variabelen hetzelfde resultaat geven, waardoor zij in feite dezelfde functie representeren. </p><p>De volgende twee uitdrukkingen zijn equivalent: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{3}2nx\quad }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <munderover> <mo>&#x2211;<!-- ∑ --></mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </munderover> <mn>2</mn> <mi>n</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mspace width="1em" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{3}2nx\quad }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7f555010dd1ed0f4ab2e9cef6dd8a88443e1d549" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -3.005ex; width:9.952ex; height:7.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{3}2nx\quad }"></span> en <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \quad 12x}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mspace width="1em" /> <mn>12</mn> <mi>x</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \quad 12x}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/eadf4e2bf426dcad45a6025e463fe5541ed99a34" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.977ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \quad 12x}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Voor elke reële waarde van <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/87f9e315fd7e2ba406057a97300593c4802b53e4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.33ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x}"></span> geven ze hetzelfde resultaat. Voor bijvoorbeeld <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x=3}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x=3}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/871a5063af170fa536b144fbcc5745146a42cc13" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.591ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x=3}"></span> is de waarde van beide uitdrukkingen 36. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Informatica">Informatica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uitdrukking_(wiskunde)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Informatica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uitdrukking_(wiskunde)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Informatica"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Uitdrukkingen en hun <a href="/wiki/Evaluatie" title="Evaluatie">evaluatie</a> zijn in de jaren dertig van de twintigste eeuw door <a href="/wiki/Alonzo_Church" title="Alonzo Church">Alonzo Church</a> en <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Kleene" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen Kleene">Stephen Kleene</a> <a href="/wiki/Formeel_systeem" title="Formeel systeem">geformaliseerd</a> in hun <a href="/wiki/Lambdacalculus" title="Lambdacalculus">lambdacalculus</a>. Deze lambdacalculus is de laatste tachtig jaar van grote invloed geweest op de ontwikkeling van de moderne wiskunde en <a href="/wiki/Computertaal" title="Computertaal">computertalen</a>. Zo hebben <a href="/wiki/Uitdrukking_(programmeren)" title="Uitdrukking (programmeren)">uitdrukkingen</a> in een programmeertaal ook hun voorgeschreven syntax. Een van de interessantste resultaten is de ontdekking dat de equivalentie van twee uitdrukkingen in de lambdacalculus in sommige gevallen <a href="/wiki/Beslissingsprobleem" title="Beslissingsprobleem">onbeslisbaar</a> is. Dit geldt voor enige uitdrukking in enig systeem dat een kracht heeft die vergelijkbaar is met de lambdacalculus. </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5f59cc9d56‐fvprn Cached time: 20241112094108 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.040 seconds Real time usage: 0.625 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 179/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 467/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 84/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 6/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 936/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 5.219 1 -total 100.00% 5.219 1 Sjabloon:Zie_ook 38.04% 1.985 1 Sjabloon:Zie_hoofdartikel --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key nlwiki:pcache:idhash:1403432-0!canonical and timestamp 20241112094108 and revision id 67660483. 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