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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Glottogenesis</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">214 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Glottogenesis</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Glottogenesis">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1906653" data-work_id="1906653" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1906653/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A7_1_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%AD%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_Foundations_of_Semiotics_Signs_Sign_Systems_Communication_Draft_%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_2000_2002_464_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80">Основания семиотики. Знаки. Знаковые системы, коммуникация. Ч. 1. Базовые понятия. Эволюционная теория происхождения языка (Foundations of Semiotics. Signs. Sign Systems. Communication. Draft). Изд-во "Спорт и культура-2000". 2002. 464 стр.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Вводятся базовые понятия семиотики: понятие коммуникативного акта, понятие знака и понятие знаковой системы. Знак определяется как разновидность цепочки моделей объекта. Подробно рассматривается структура простой знаковой системы -... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1906653" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Вводятся базовые понятия семиотики: понятие коммуникативного акта, понятие знака и понятие знаковой системы. Знак определяется как разновидность цепочки моделей объекта. Подробно рассматривается структура простой знаковой системы - шлагбаума, на примере которой показывается, как работают введенные базовые семиотические понятия, в том числе синхроническое и диахроническое описания объекта. Во второй главе ставятся проблемы описания эволюции знаковых систем, намечаются этапы усложнения коммуникативных систем, строится эволюционная теория происхождения языка</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1906653" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d59f1586c7aee30930e051426ba7baf2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66043130,"asset_id":1906653,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66043130/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="672477" href="https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander">Alexander Barulin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="672477" type="text/json">{"id":672477,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Barulin","domain_name":"iling-ran","page_name":"BarulinAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Barulin","profile_url":"https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/672477/794815/33826422/s65_alexander.barulin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1906653 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1906653"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1906653, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1906653", }); 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As a working theory is used a symbiosis of communicative and cognitive functions as the language has formed as a result of mutual development of a human body, social structure... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33402814" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Oral nature of charms can be proved by glottogenesis theories. As a working theory is used a symbiosis of communicative and cognitive functions as the language has formed as a result of mutual development of a human body, social structure of the community and signs systems serving them. The ritual is a converging point of biological and social development. Not melting totally with neither a ritual-action nor a myth-word, the charms have the advantages of the ritual and the myth and operate in two modes simultaneously in terms of the same text.  <br />Being persecuted by the church most texts of charms were destroyed. Anglo-Saxon charms texts being retained till nowadays date back to the second part of the 10th century and can be grouped according to their practical orientation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33402814" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4dc4bcd05746dea281b78ac70c4278fc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53457613,"asset_id":33402814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53457613/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2574035" href="https://nstu-uni.academia.edu/ElenaKrivenko">Elena Krivenko</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2574035" type="text/json">{"id":2574035,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Krivenko","domain_name":"nstu-uni","page_name":"ElenaKrivenko","display_name":"Elena Krivenko","profile_url":"https://nstu-uni.academia.edu/ElenaKrivenko?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2574035/806190/3633561/s65_elena.krivenko.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33402814 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33402814"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33402814, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33402814", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33402814]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33402814").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33402814").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33402814"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore">Mythology And Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123" type="text/json">{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4058" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual">Ritual</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4058" type="text/json">{"id":4058,"name":"Ritual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28997" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxon_literature_and_culture">Anglo-Saxon literature and culture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28997" type="text/json">{"id":28997,"name":"Anglo-Saxon literature and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxon_literature_and_culture?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39460" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Charms">Charms</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="39460" type="text/json">{"id":39460,"name":"Charms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Charms?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33402814]'), work: {"id":33402814,"title":"Из истории происхождения заговоров.","created_at":"2017-06-10T07:44:16.267-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33402814/%D0%98%D0%B7_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_33402814","summary":"Oral nature of charms can be proved by glottogenesis theories. As a working theory is used a symbiosis of communicative and cognitive functions as the language has formed as a result of mutual development of a human body, social structure of the community and signs systems serving them. The ritual is a converging point of biological and social development. Not melting totally with neither a ritual-action nor a myth-word, the charms have the advantages of the ritual and the myth and operate in two modes simultaneously in terms of the same text. \nBeing persecuted by the church most texts of charms were destroyed. Anglo-Saxon charms texts being retained till nowadays date back to the second part of the 10th century and can be grouped according to their practical orientation. \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53457613,"asset_id":33402814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2574035,"first_name":"Elena","last_name":"Krivenko","domain_name":"nstu-uni","page_name":"ElenaKrivenko","display_name":"Elena Krivenko","profile_url":"https://nstu-uni.academia.edu/ElenaKrivenko?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2574035/806190/3633561/s65_elena.krivenko.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":4058,"name":"Ritual","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":28997,"name":"Anglo-Saxon literature and culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anglo-Saxon_literature_and_culture?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":39460,"name":"Charms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Charms?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10303670" data-work_id="10303670" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10303670/%D0%9E%D1%82_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%92_2_%D1%85_%D1%82_%D0%9C_URSS_2013">От стимула к символу. Сигналы в коммуникации позвоночных. В 2-х т. М.: URSS, 2013.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We investigated features of vertebrates signalization systems evolution. There are two groups of such features for different levels of communicative system progress - motivational signals and referential signals. Demonstrations for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10303670" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We investigated features of vertebrates signalization systems evolution. There are two groups of such features for different levels of communicative system progress - motivational signals and referential signals. Demonstrations for motivational signals (releasers) play a role of motivation level and following animal behavior indicators. Demonstrations for referential signals have an external referent and reflect alternative categories of problem situations, which are generated in interaction. These categories are "names" of different situations and programs to solve them. <br />Motivational signals force something to react as it necessary for next process stage. Referential signals let something to choose its reaction freely. They are arbitrary signs in its structure and function. <br />Ritualisation is an evolutionary process, which turn the individual expressions, provoke with arousal in situation “conflict the interests”, in species-specific signals; their meaning promote the solution all this situations or support more effective actions in solution this conflict in own interests. <br />Contrary opinion classical ethologists it is showed that ritualization process consists in two distinct stages. The first stage is the ritualization in true sense – the transformation individuals expressions, intention movements, and other “demonstration precursor” in complete system of species-specific ritualized demonstrations used in threat, combat, courtship, danger warning and other contexts. The demonstrations are organized in rows and placed along the specific motivational gradients so the different demonstrations this row convey the different level of aggression, alarm, fear, risk, sexuality and other motivational conditions which connect with interactional situations. So appear some systems of motivational signals. The demonstration at this stage in their communicative function are similar with pantomime, not signs – there are signals of motivation lever and intentions the animals, their forms is not stady and vary connecctly with dynamic of motivation conditions a.o. <br />The second stage of ritualization process we can name “signification” because during this on the base of former demonstration row develop the sign system, every demonstration develop into sign, support the information change in interaction this context, old motivational signals develop in referential signals with keeping homologues in signal forms but increasing the stereotypy and differentiation between signals. <br />During the second stage of ritualization faintly differentiated forms of former motivational signals in ancestor species this clade evolved into discrete forms of referential signals in derived species, which are well-differentiate and contrasts with one to another as the logical oppositions. As this process will complete, all demonstrations next stage get true signs, are independent from motivation underground and mark different essential situations, which can appear in interaction the animal with their outer world. On this stage different elements in row of referential signals “name” the different essential elements of animals’ outside in this specific communication process such as counteracting demonstrations of other animal in the threat, combat, territory defence, courtship etc., or different classes of raptors, or different kinds of food. <br />The referential signals as signs of essential communicative situations in animal’s outward are comparable with sign systems in men communication for example the gestures in sign languages. They inform all interaction’s participants about some possibilities in solution the conflict of interests and/or motivation conflict through change the behavior model which will be effective against this opponent but not manipulate its behaviour. In contrary the motivational signals are specific stimulus which manipulate the opponent’s and reduce to react so as in needed on the next stage of behavioral process. <br />Further we investigate the question: what are the role of demonstrations in social interaction of birds before developing their signal functions, on the first stage of ritualization process? We prove that this period the courtship or agonistic demonstrations were used as an specifical barrier prevented immediate rapprochement the participants. Due to ritualized demonstration change they remain from directed aggressive or sexual actions one to each other. The demonstration freeze the rapprochement on the period required from doing the signal and releaser effects of demonstration forms and participants “remove” the motivation conflict create during partner’s act on next stage of process. <br />Without solution the motivational conflict in the “dance” of ritualized demonstration change both participants will be scarred and copulation or other interaction result will fail. For example, in successfully agonistic interaction threat demonstration must inhibit the direct attacking and escaping from participants so that the will be similar the increasing rate of restrain effect by further winner demonstrations and the decreasing rate of resistance possibility by further loser. <br />The role of demonstrations as barrier lightening the motivational conflict in all participant in animal communication is similar of role the ritualized dances in sum men cultures, as was described by Konrad Lorenz still 1950’s.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10303670" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="59ddfa1e224570b5ddd03b3c0d83a44e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36378254,"asset_id":10303670,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36378254/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8404368" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann">Vladimir Friedmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8404368" type="text/json">{"id":8404368,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Friedmann","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"VladimirFriedmann","display_name":"Vladimir Friedmann","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8404368/2846982/14456356/s65_vladimir.friedmann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10303670 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10303670"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10303670, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10303670", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10303670]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10303670").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10303670").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10303670"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="179" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology">Ethology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="179" type="text/json">{"id":179,"name":"Ethology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1091" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology">Ornithology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1091" type="text/json">{"id":1091,"name":"Ornithology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2069" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primatology">Primatology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2069" type="text/json">{"id":2069,"name":"Primatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primatology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2749" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behavior">Animal Behavior</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2749" type="text/json">{"id":2749,"name":"Animal Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behavior?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10303670]'), work: {"id":10303670,"title":"От стимула к символу. Сигналы в коммуникации позвоночных. В 2-х т. М.: URSS, 2013.","created_at":"2015-01-23T13:43:33.109-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10303670/%D0%9E%D1%82_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%92_2_%D1%85_%D1%82_%D0%9C_URSS_2013?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_10303670","summary":" We investigated features of vertebrates signalization systems evolution. There are two groups of such features for different levels of communicative system progress - motivational signals and referential signals. Demonstrations for motivational signals (releasers) play a role of motivation level and following animal behavior indicators. Demonstrations for referential signals have an external referent and reflect alternative categories of problem situations, which are generated in interaction. These categories are \"names\" of different situations and programs to solve them.\r\nMotivational signals force something to react as it necessary for next process stage. Referential signals let something to choose its reaction freely. They are arbitrary signs in its structure and function.\r\nRitualisation is an evolutionary process, which turn the individual expressions, provoke with arousal in situation “conflict the interests”, in species-specific signals; their meaning promote the solution all this situations or support more effective actions in solution this conflict in own interests.\r\nContrary opinion classical ethologists it is showed that ritualization process consists in two distinct stages. The first stage is the ritualization in true sense – the transformation individuals expressions, intention movements, and other “demonstration precursor” in complete system of species-specific ritualized demonstrations used in threat, combat, courtship, danger warning and other contexts. The demonstrations are organized in rows and placed along the specific motivational gradients so the different demonstrations this row convey the different level of aggression, alarm, fear, risk, sexuality and other motivational conditions which connect with interactional situations. So appear some systems of motivational signals. The demonstration at this stage in their communicative function are similar with pantomime, not signs – there are signals of motivation lever and intentions the animals, their forms is not stady and vary connecctly with dynamic of motivation conditions a.o.\r\nThe second stage of ritualization process we can name “signification” because during this on the base of former demonstration row develop the sign system, every demonstration develop into sign, support the information change in interaction this context, old motivational signals develop in referential signals with keeping homologues in signal forms but increasing the stereotypy and differentiation between signals. \r\nDuring the second stage of ritualization faintly differentiated forms of former motivational signals in ancestor species this clade evolved into discrete forms of referential signals in derived species, which are well-differentiate and contrasts with one to another as the logical oppositions. As this process will complete, all demonstrations next stage get true signs, are independent from motivation underground and mark different essential situations, which can appear in interaction the animal with their outer world. On this stage different elements in row of referential signals “name” the different essential elements of animals’ outside in this specific communication process such as counteracting demonstrations of other animal in the threat, combat, territory defence, courtship etc., or different classes of raptors, or different kinds of food. \r\nThe referential signals as signs of essential communicative situations in animal’s outward are comparable with sign systems in men communication for example the gestures in sign languages. They inform all interaction’s participants about some possibilities in solution the conflict of interests and/or motivation conflict through change the behavior model which will be effective against this opponent but not manipulate its behaviour. In contrary the motivational signals are specific stimulus which manipulate the opponent’s and reduce to react so as in needed on the next stage of behavioral process.\r\nFurther we investigate the question: what are the role of demonstrations in social interaction of birds before developing their signal functions, on the first stage of ritualization process? We prove that this period the courtship or agonistic demonstrations were used as an specifical barrier prevented immediate rapprochement the participants. Due to ritualized demonstration change they remain from directed aggressive or sexual actions one to each other. The demonstration freeze the rapprochement on the period required from doing the signal and releaser effects of demonstration forms and participants “remove” the motivation conflict create during partner’s act on next stage of process. \r\nWithout solution the motivational conflict in the “dance” of ritualized demonstration change both participants will be scarred and copulation or other interaction result will fail. For example, in successfully agonistic interaction threat demonstration must inhibit the direct attacking and escaping from participants so that the will be similar the increasing rate of restrain effect by further winner demonstrations and the decreasing rate of resistance possibility by further loser.\r\nThe role of demonstrations as barrier lightening the motivational conflict in all participant in animal communication is similar of role the ritualized dances in sum men cultures, as was described by Konrad Lorenz still 1950’s.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36378254,"asset_id":10303670,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8404368,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Friedmann","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"VladimirFriedmann","display_name":"Vladimir Friedmann","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8404368/2846982/14456356/s65_vladimir.friedmann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":179,"name":"Ethology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":1091,"name":"Ornithology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":2069,"name":"Primatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primatology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":2749,"name":"Animal Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behavior?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":9070,"name":"Social behavior in animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_behavior_in_animals?f_ri=173032"},{"id":11873,"name":"Fish Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fish_Biology?f_ri=173032"},{"id":28378,"name":"Animal communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_communication?f_ri=173032"},{"id":41779,"name":"Mammals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammals?f_ri=173032"},{"id":52714,"name":"Primates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primates?f_ri=173032"},{"id":96324,"name":"Birds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Birds?f_ri=173032"},{"id":110819,"name":"Instinct","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instinct?f_ri=173032"},{"id":124397,"name":"Animal Behaviour, Communication, Referential Signals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behaviour_Communication_Referential_Signals?f_ri=173032"},{"id":151967,"name":"Reptilia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reptilia?f_ri=173032"},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032"},{"id":239885,"name":"Woodpeckers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Woodpeckers?f_ri=173032"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1975096" data-work_id="1975096" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1975096/%D0%9A_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0_Arguments_for_polygenesis_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BF_1_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B8_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C_%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_2008_%D1%81_41_58">К аргументации полигенеза (Arguments for polygenesis) // Разумное поведение и язык. Вып. 1. Коммуникативные системы животных и язык человека. Проблема происхождения языка. М.: Языки славянских культур, 2008. с. 41 - 58</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">"In 1917 Bodouen de Courtenay observed two lines of level complication of language units: metrical line → syllables → prosodic (phonological) word etc., and syntactic one → morphemes → grammatical words etc. There is a special mechanism... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1975096" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">"In 1917 Bodouen de Courtenay observed two lines of level complication of <br />language units: metrical line → syllables → prosodic (phonological) word etc., and syntactic one → morphemes → grammatical words etc. There is a special mechanism for linking the corresponding units of two lines mentioned above. In 1960s N. I. Zhinkin revealed that there were two different centers that control the whole process of speech production. The subcortical center controls syllable quantization and even development of the syllable sonority. The cortical center controls articulation and forming of the morphemes and the word forms signifier. I think that these two lines of complication of linguistic units reflect the peculiarities of neurological organization of speech production control. I suppose that the appearance of the strategies of linking the units of both types is the crucial point in transformation of zoosemiotic systems of our ancestors to the human languages. There are more than four main strategies of linking metrical and syntactic units, and each of them has its own area of distribution. I think this is a good argument for the polygenetic hypothesis of language origins. <br /> <br />Сопоставляя наблюдения Н. И. Жинкина о двойном управлении речью — из подкорки (квантование и формирование равномерной звучности слогов) и из коры (артикуляция, формирование означающего сигнификативных единиц и др.), наблюдения о соединении в речи дискретной стороны, обеспечивающей членораздельность, и континуальной стороны, обеспечивающей звуковую непрерывность, с наблюдениями Бодуэна де Куртенэ о двух линиях усложнения языковых единиц (метрической (слоги — фонетические слова — <br />такты — периоды) и сигнификативной (морфы — словоформы — словосочетания — предложения)), я делаю вывод, что появление механизма сопряжения двух этих типов единиц является главным этапом преобразования зоосемиотических систем в человеческий язык. Из того факта, что техника такого рода сопряжения не одна, а несколько, а также из того факта, что они определяют практически все параметры грамматического строя, делается вывод о том, что полигенез — более вероятная гипотеза."</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1975096" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fb49b3c2d051ec491c2241cb260b5413" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30870296,"asset_id":1975096,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30870296/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="672477" href="https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander">Alexander Barulin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="672477" type="text/json">{"id":672477,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Barulin","domain_name":"iling-ran","page_name":"BarulinAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Barulin","profile_url":"https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/672477/794815/33826422/s65_alexander.barulin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1975096 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1975096"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1975096, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1975096", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1975096]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1975096").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1975096").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1975096"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49558" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Language">Evolution of Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49558" type="text/json">{"id":49558,"name":"Evolution of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Language?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57866" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Language">Origins of Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57866" type="text/json">{"id":57866,"name":"Origins of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Language?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis">Glottogenesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173032" type="text/json">{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="290465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_and_evolution_of_language">Origins and evolution of language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="290465" type="text/json">{"id":290465,"name":"Origins and evolution of language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_and_evolution_of_language?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1975096]'), work: {"id":1975096,"title":"К аргументации полигенеза (Arguments for polygenesis) // Разумное поведение и язык. Вып. 1. Коммуникативные системы животных и язык человека. Проблема происхождения языка. М.: Языки славянских культур, 2008. с. 41 - 58","created_at":"2012-09-27T09:22:02.223-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1975096/%D0%9A_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0_Arguments_for_polygenesis_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%92%D1%8B%D0%BF_1_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B8_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C_%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_2008_%D1%81_41_58?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_1975096","summary":"\"In 1917 Bodouen de Courtenay observed two lines of level complication of\r\nlanguage units: metrical line → syllables → prosodic (phonological) word etc., and syntactic one → morphemes → grammatical words etc. There is a special mechanism for linking the corresponding units of two lines mentioned above. In 1960s N. I. Zhinkin revealed that there were two different centers that control the whole process of speech production. The subcortical center controls syllable quantization and even development of the syllable sonority. The cortical center controls articulation and forming of the morphemes and the word forms signifier. I think that these two lines of complication of linguistic units reflect the peculiarities of neurological organization of speech production control. I suppose that the appearance of the strategies of linking the units of both types is the crucial point in transformation of zoosemiotic systems of our ancestors to the human languages. There are more than four main strategies of linking metrical and syntactic units, and each of them has its own area of distribution. I think this is a good argument for the polygenetic hypothesis of language origins.\r\n\r\nСопоставляя наблюдения Н. И. Жинкина о двойном управлении речью — из подкорки (квантование и формирование равномерной звучности слогов) и из коры (артикуляция, формирование означающего сигнификативных единиц и др.), наблюдения о соединении в речи дискретной стороны, обеспечивающей членораздельность, и континуальной стороны, обеспечивающей звуковую непрерывность, с наблюдениями Бодуэна де Куртенэ о двух линиях усложнения языковых единиц (метрической (слоги — фонетические слова —\r\nтакты — периоды) и сигнификативной (морфы — словоформы — словосочетания — предложения)), я делаю вывод, что появление механизма сопряжения двух этих типов единиц является главным этапом преобразования зоосемиотических систем в человеческий язык. Из того факта, что техника такого рода сопряжения не одна, а несколько, а также из того факта, что они определяют практически все параметры грамматического строя, делается вывод о том, что полигенез — более вероятная гипотеза.\"","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30870296,"asset_id":1975096,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":672477,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Barulin","domain_name":"iling-ran","page_name":"BarulinAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Barulin","profile_url":"https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/672477/794815/33826422/s65_alexander.barulin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":49558,"name":"Evolution of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Language?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":57866,"name":"Origins of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_of_Language?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":290465,"name":"Origins and evolution of language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_and_evolution_of_language?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":606453,"name":"Polygenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polygenesis?f_ri=173032"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12328454" data-work_id="12328454" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12328454/Las_Primeras_Palabras_de_la_Humanidad">Las Primeras Palabras de la Humanidad</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12328454" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0497bb389172bbb57e38b17c48a3503c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37599650,"asset_id":12328454,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37599650/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8734739" href="https://metode.academia.edu/XaverioBallester">Xaverio Ballester</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8734739" type="text/json">{"id":8734739,"first_name":"Xaverio","last_name":"Ballester","domain_name":"metode","page_name":"XaverioBallester","display_name":"Xaverio Ballester","profile_url":"https://metode.academia.edu/XaverioBallester?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8734739/2895321/5850892/s65_xaverio.ballester.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12328454 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12328454"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12328454, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12328454", }); 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This contrasts with a version of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4830890" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper suggests that reference to phenomenal qualities is best understood as involving iconicity, that is, a passage from sign-vehicle to object that exploits a similarity between the two. This contrasts with a version of the ‘phenomenal concept strategy’ that takes indexicality to be central. However, since it is doubtful that phenomenal qualities are capable of causally interacting with anything, indexical reference seems inappropriate. While a theorist like David Papineau is independently coming to something akin to iconicity, I think some of the awkwardness that plagues his account would be remedied by transitioning to a more inclusive philosophy of signs.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4830890" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c8aaaf67277041f027a812b44aa6ad9d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61305621,"asset_id":4830890,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61305621/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="90594" href="https://kwantlen.academia.edu/MarcChampagne">Marc Champagne</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="90594" type="text/json">{"id":90594,"first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Champagne","domain_name":"kwantlen","page_name":"MarcChampagne","display_name":"Marc Champagne","profile_url":"https://kwantlen.academia.edu/MarcChampagne?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/90594/25175/116736640/s65_marc.champagne.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4830890 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4830890"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4830890, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4830890", }); 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u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67806295/Glottogenesis_the_Primordial_Language_and_the_Confusion_of_Tongues">Glottogenesis, the Primordial Language and the Confusion of Tongues</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The concept of the faculty of speech as the most essential human feature is profoundly embedded in Biblical anthropology. The breath of life blown into the face 1 of the first man by his Creator who fashions both the macrocosm and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67806295" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The concept of the faculty of speech as the most essential human feature is profoundly embedded in Biblical anthropology. The breath of life blown into the face 1 of the first man by his Creator who fashions both the macrocosm and the microcosm through His Word 2 , is in fact the divine force that installs into Adam's mouth-quite literally-a tongue, thus turning him into a talking being 3. Man engulfs with his first breath God's energy of discourse and embarks on sharing with his Maker one and the same language 4. Some apocryphal sources, such as The Book of Watchers, a composition surviving as a part of The First (Apocalypse of) Enoch (or 1 Enoch) 5 , sharpen certain otherwise vague formulations of the 1 Cf. Gen 2:7. In the Masoretic text and in the Vulgate, the breath of life is inserted into man's nostrils ("And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul"), whereas in the Septuagint-into his face. According to Flavius Josephus' Judean Antiquities (1:59), after having fashioned humanity from dust of the earth, God "injected breath and soul into him" (quoted after Feldman, Mason 2000: 13). Further on the tripartite composition of man, consisting of body, spirit and soul (with reference to Plato's trichotomy), see the discussion in</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67806295" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea303b376bf103abe836ac69d2e4d8fc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78700069,"asset_id":67806295,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78700069/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5884" href="https://therai.academia.edu/FlorentinaBadalanovaGeller">Florentina Badalanova Geller</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5884" type="text/json">{"id":5884,"first_name":"Florentina","last_name":"Badalanova Geller","domain_name":"therai","page_name":"FlorentinaBadalanovaGeller","display_name":"Florentina Badalanova Geller","profile_url":"https://therai.academia.edu/FlorentinaBadalanovaGeller?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5884/869802/1085439/s65_florentina.badalanova_geller.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67806295 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67806295"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67806295, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67806295", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67806295]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67806295").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67806295").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67806295"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis">Glottogenesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="173032" type="text/json">{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67806295]'), work: {"id":67806295,"title":"Glottogenesis, the Primordial Language and the Confusion of Tongues","created_at":"2022-01-11T03:44:39.461-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67806295/Glottogenesis_the_Primordial_Language_and_the_Confusion_of_Tongues?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_67806295","summary":"The concept of the faculty of speech as the most essential human feature is profoundly embedded in Biblical anthropology. The breath of life blown into the face 1 of the first man by his Creator who fashions both the macrocosm and the microcosm through His Word 2 , is in fact the divine force that installs into Adam's mouth-quite literally-a tongue, thus turning him into a talking being 3. Man engulfs with his first breath God's energy of discourse and embarks on sharing with his Maker one and the same language 4. Some apocryphal sources, such as The Book of Watchers, a composition surviving as a part of The First (Apocalypse of) Enoch (or 1 Enoch) 5 , sharpen certain otherwise vague formulations of the 1 Cf. Gen 2:7. In the Masoretic text and in the Vulgate, the breath of life is inserted into man's nostrils (\"And the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul\"), whereas in the Septuagint-into his face. 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Материалы V Международной конференции по сравнительно-историческому языкознанию / под общей редакцией В. А. Кочергиной. М.: Изд-во Московского университета. 2007 г., с. 9 - 44. 2007 Авторы: Alexander Barulin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">В статье излагаются принципы построения теории глоттогенеза. Определяется дисциплина, в рамках которой должно вестись моделирование процесса - диахроническая семиотика. Из этого следует, что теория глоттогенеза должна быть частью теории... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1906739" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">В статье излагаются принципы построения теории глоттогенеза. Определяется дисциплина, в рамках которой должно вестись моделирование процесса - диахроническая семиотика. Из этого следует, что теория глоттогенеза должна быть частью теории семиогенеза, теории эволюции знаковых систем. Ставится задача теории глоттогенеза - исследовать процесс трансформации изначального объекта изучения - знаковой системы наших обезьяньих предков - в конечный продукт эволюции звуковых знаковых систем, язык. В качестве изменений в анатомии и психологии, способствовавших возникновению языка называются бипедализм, возникновение тенденции обратной адаптации (приспособление не организма к среде, а среды к нуждам организма), обратного моделирования (тенденция построения внешней ситуации или объекта вначале в голове в виде плана или первичного объекта, а затем построение модели ситуации или объекта, иногда через ряд промежуточных моделей, в реальном мире). переход к открытым знаковым системам, появление адхоковых звуковых систем и затем преобразование их в инструментальные, появление у наших предков способности к звукоподражанию (у обезьян оно отсутствует), появление у них способности к необыкновенно тонкому регулированию дыхания; это в свою очередь привело к появлению у кроманьонцев нового режима дыхания – речевого (и певческого), опущению надгортанника и образованию глоточного резонатора, еще большему расширению подъязычного канала (все это в комплексе с появлением речевого дыхания) ; объединение когнитивного модуля и модуля звуковых семиотических систем в единую речемыслительную систему, появление у предков человека голосовой коллективной демонстрации агрессии. Обретение способности к звукоподражанию считается ключевым моментом в появлении первой системы фонем. Развитие звуковых иконических знаков уподобляется развитию иконической письменной системы с последующей схематизацией рисунка и переходом к формированию конечного набора меризмов</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1906739" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7cf555098a1d408880b52d39d94ace79" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":27181685,"asset_id":1906739,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/27181685/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="672477" href="https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander">Alexander Barulin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="672477" type="text/json">{"id":672477,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Barulin","domain_name":"iling-ran","page_name":"BarulinAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Barulin","profile_url":"https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/672477/794815/33826422/s65_alexander.barulin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1906739 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1906739"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1906739, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1906739", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1906739 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1906739; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1906739"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1906739 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1906739"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1906739; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1906739]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1906739").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1906739").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1906739"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis">Glottogenesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="173032" type="text/json">{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1906739]'), work: {"id":1906739,"title":"К построению теории глоттогенеза (On the Theory of glottogenesis) // Лингвистическая компаративистика в культурном и историческом аспектах. 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Определяется дисциплина, в рамках которой должно вестись моделирование процесса - диахроническая семиотика. Из этого следует, что теория глоттогенеза должна быть частью теории семиогенеза, теории эволюции знаковых систем. Ставится задача теории глоттогенеза - исследовать процесс трансформации изначального объекта изучения - знаковой системы наших обезьяньих предков - в конечный продукт эволюции звуковых знаковых систем, язык. В качестве изменений в анатомии и психологии, способствовавших возникновению языка называются бипедализм, возникновение тенденции обратной адаптации (приспособление не организма к среде, а среды к нуждам организма), обратного моделирования (тенденция построения внешней ситуации или объекта вначале в голове в виде плана или первичного объекта, а затем построение модели ситуации или объекта, иногда через ряд промежуточных моделей, в реальном мире). переход к открытым знаковым системам, появление адхоковых звуковых систем и затем преобразование их в инструментальные, появление у наших предков способности к звукоподражанию (у обезьян оно отсутствует), появление у них способности к необыкновенно тонкому регулированию дыхания; это в свою очередь привело к появлению у кроманьонцев нового режима дыхания – речевого (и певческого), опущению надгортанника и образованию глоточного резонатора, еще большему расширению подъязычного канала (все это в комплексе с появлением речевого дыхания) ; объединение когнитивного модуля и модуля звуковых семиотических систем в единую речемыслительную систему, появление у предков человека голосовой коллективной демонстрации агрессии. Обретение способности к звукоподражанию считается ключевым моментом в появлении первой системы фонем. Развитие звуковых иконических знаков уподобляется развитию иконической письменной системы с последующей схематизацией рисунка и переходом к формированию конечного набора меризмов","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":27181685,"asset_id":1906739,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":672477,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Barulin","domain_name":"iling-ran","page_name":"BarulinAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Barulin","profile_url":"https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/672477/794815/33826422/s65_alexander.barulin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1906773" data-work_id="1906773" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1906773/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B2_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_1_Semiotic_Rubicon_in_glottogenesis_Part_1_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_Journal_of_Language_Relationship_International_Scientific_Periodical_8_%D1%81_33_74_2012_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_Alexander_Barulin">Семиотический рубикон в глоттогенезе. Часть 1 (Semiotic Rubicon in glottogenesis. Part 1) // Вопросы языкового родства (Journal of Language Relationship International Scientific Periodical) № 8, с. 33 - 74 2012 Авторы: Alexander Barulin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The paper lays out some of the basic principles in the analysis of glottogenesis. Based on accumulated evidence, it provides a comparison of the major characteristics of the vocal tracts and communicative sound systems of Homo sapiens and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1906773" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The paper lays out some of the basic principles in the analysis of glottogenesis. Based on accumulated evidence, it provides a comparison of the major characteristics of the vocal tracts and communicative sound systems of Homo sapiens and the common chimpanzee, summarizing the necessary mutations for the formation of the human sound-producing <br />apparatus. It is concluded that the nature of the sonic signal is dependent on other behavior programs. One of the ensuing hypotheses is that the new sound communication system of late period Australopithecines and Homo habilis, when employed in savannah conditions, must have had an opposition between short-range and long-range signals; the short-range system, in particular, must have included signals for demonstrating collective aggression <br />towards large predators. Another hypothesis is that the long-range system must have employed whistling techniques — signals that were generated by the skeletal muscles and stimulated new breathing mechanisms, including sound production during long exhalation. This, in turn, opened up unlimited possibilities for sound imitation, intonation combining, the emergence of an open sound communication system, etc. <br /> <br />В статье кратко излагаются основные принципы исследования глоттогенеза. На основании известных фактов проводится сравнительный анализ существенных характеристик голосового тракта шимпанзе и человека, дается общая семиотическая характеристика их звуковых коммуникативных систем (ЗКС); формируется перечень изменений, необходимых для перехода к человеческому аппарату звукопроизводства. Делается вывод о зависимом от других поведенческих программ характере звукового сигнала. Выдвигаются гипотезы о противопоставлении в условиях саванны дальних и ближних сигналов в новой ЗКС поздних австролопитеков и хабилисов, о формировании у хабилисов в системе ближних сигналов коллективной звуковой демонстрации агрессии в противостоянии крупным хищникам, а также об использовании в дальней системе <br />сигналов свиста, как сигнала, производимого скелетными мышцами и послужившего катализатором для выработки нового режима дыхания — производства звука на долгом выдохе, что открыло неограниченные возможности в звукоподражании, в появлении открытой ЗКС, в искусстве комбинирования тонов и т. д.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1906773" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bf3c2cdb82b3aee9bb8274fd34768799" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":28291327,"asset_id":1906773,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/28291327/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="672477" href="https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander">Alexander Barulin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="672477" type="text/json">{"id":672477,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Barulin","domain_name":"iling-ran","page_name":"BarulinAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Barulin","profile_url":"https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/672477/794815/33826422/s65_alexander.barulin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1906773 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1906773"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1906773, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1906773", }); 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Based on accumulated evidence, it provides a comparison of the major characteristics of the vocal tracts and communicative sound systems of Homo sapiens and the common chimpanzee, summarizing the necessary mutations for the formation of the human sound-producing\r\napparatus. It is concluded that the nature of the sonic signal is dependent on other behavior programs. One of the ensuing hypotheses is that the new sound communication system of late period Australopithecines and Homo habilis, when employed in savannah conditions, must have had an opposition between short-range and long-range signals; the short-range system, in particular, must have included signals for demonstrating collective aggression\r\ntowards large predators. Another hypothesis is that the long-range system must have employed whistling techniques — signals that were generated by the skeletal muscles and stimulated new breathing mechanisms, including sound production during long exhalation. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/1906735/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_Theory_of_Glottogenesis_and_Comparative_Linguistics_%D0%A1%D0%B1_%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%9C_%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B4_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A1_18_37_2004_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_Alexander_Barulin">Теории семиогенеза, глоттогенеза и сравнительно-историческое языкознание (Theory of Glottogenesis and Comparative Linguistics) // Сб. «Сравнительно-историческое исследование языков: современное состояние и перспективы». М.: Изд-во Московского университета. С. 18 – 37. 2004 Авторы: Alexander Barulin</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">В статье обсуждается вопрос о том, какая дисциплина должна заниматься проблемой глоттогенеза. Аргументируется точка зрения, по которой ею должна заниматься не компаративистика и вообще не лингвистика, а семиотика, поскольку при анализе... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1906735" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">В статье обсуждается вопрос о том, какая дисциплина должна заниматься проблемой глоттогенеза. Аргументируется точка зрения, по которой ею должна заниматься не компаративистика и вообще не лингвистика, а семиотика, поскольку при анализе исходной знаковой системой для глоттогенеза должна быть выбрана зоосемиотическая система наших обезьяньих предков. Обсуждаются методы исследования глоттогенеза, проблемы определения времени возникновения языка, кратко излагается гипотеза происхождения языка автора статьи. Дается анализ значения идеофонов.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1906735" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d2db9aeabc6cfb2364a4f29f2f1bfbe0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48501068,"asset_id":1906735,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48501068/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="672477" href="https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander">Alexander Barulin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="672477" type="text/json">{"id":672477,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Barulin","domain_name":"iling-ran","page_name":"BarulinAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Barulin","profile_url":"https://iling-ran.academia.edu/BarulinAlexander?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/672477/794815/33826422/s65_alexander.barulin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1906735 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1906735"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1906735, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1906735", }); 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Как социальные порядки и коммуникативные заботы порождали речевые и когнитивные способности"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The English abstract is below. В книге развернута эволюционная концепция происхождения и развития языковых структур, способностей сознания, начиная с ранних этапов антропогенеза (австралопитеки и ранние Homo) вплоть до верхнего палеолита... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63871625" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The English abstract is below.<br />В книге развернута эволюционная концепция происхождения и развития языковых структур, способностей сознания, начиная с ранних этапов антропогенеза (австралопитеки и ранние Homo) вплоть до верхнего палеолита (средние сапиенсы). Концепция объединяет модели генно-культурной коэволюции, культурного драйва, многоуровневого отбора, наиболее конструктивные и убедительные результаты современных исследований глоттогенеза (Д. Бикертон, Р. Бойд, Дж. Л. Десаль, Р. Джакендофф, Т. Дикон, М. Дональд, Д. Дор, К. Лаланд, П. Ричерсон, Р. Рэнгем, К. Стерелни, М. Томаселло, В. Уилдген, Дж. Харфорд и др.). Объединены в единую конструкцию психологические и микросоциологические идеи Л. С. Выготского, Б. Скиннера, Дм. Узнадзе, Р. Коллинза. На этих основаниях построена эволюционная модель, связывающая техноприродные ниши, социальные порядки, коммуникативные заботы с многообразными обеспечивающими структурами: от ритуальных практик, вокальных проб, знаковых и семантических единиц — до нейронных механизмов речи и их наследственных задатков.<br />Разработана методология проверки суждений о конкретных этапах глоттогенеза как расширение номологического подхода К. Гемпеля, что позволяет использовать не только косвенные эмпирические данные археологии, палеоклиматологии, палеогенетики, но также актуальные наблюдения, аналоговые и компьютерные эксперименты для тестирования гипотез — верификации и фальсификации теоретических объяснений. <br />Показано, что так называемый «языковой Рубикон» — граница между коммуникативными системами животных и членораздельной, осмысленной речью человека — был преодолен в долгом ступенчатом эволюционном процессе. Для каждой ступени предложены версии механизмов перехода от обновления техноприродных ниш и социальных порядков к новым коммуникативным заботам с последующим усложнением речи, языковых конструкций и развитием соответствующих способностей сознания.<br />Между завершением эпохи глоттогенеза и временем древнейших письменных памятников простирались многие тысячелетия, названные праязыковым разрывом. Представлены способы мысленного, концептуального преодоления этого «слепого пятна» науки, а также эскизное объяснение численности базовых языковых семей, разнообразия, сложности и простоты языков, их универсальных черт (по Дж. Хоккетту). Особое внимание уделено вопросам языкового родства (в связи с так и нерешенной проблемой происхождения романских языков), намечены перспективные направления изучения дописьменной истории на основе сопоставления многообразных языковых следов с макросоциальными закономерностями. <br />Книга, не будучи ни узкоспециальной, ни упрощенной популярной, предназначена для всех серьезно интересующихся когнитивными аспектами антропогенеза, древнейшими истоками языка и сознания.<br />Rozov, Nikolai S. The Origin of Language and Consciousness. How social orders and communicative concerns gave rise to speech and cognitive abilities. <br /><br />This book develops the evolutionary concept of the origin and development of linguistic structures, abilities of consciousness from the initial stages of anthropogenesis (Australopithecus and Early Homo) up to the Upper Paleolithic (Middle Sapiens). The concept combines models of gene-cultural coevolution, cultural drive, multilevel selection, and the most constructive and convincing results of modern studies of glottogenesis (D. Bickerton, R. Boyd, J.-L. Dessalles, R. Jackendoff, T. Deacon, M. Donald, D. Doer, K. Laland, P. Richerson, R. Wrangham, K. Sterelny, M. Tomasello, W. Wildgen, J. Harford and others). A single conceptual construction combines the psychological and microsociological ideas of L. Vygotsky, B. Skinner, Dm. Uznadze, R. Collins. On these bases, an evolutionary model is constructed, linking techno-natural niches, social orders, communicative concerns with manifold providing structures: from ritual practices, vocal trials, sign forms, and semantic values — to neural mechanisms of speech and their hereditary assignments.<br />The methodology of verification of judgments about specific stages of glottogenesis as an extension of K. Hempel's nomological approach is developed, which allows using not only indirect empirical data of archaeology, paleoclimatology, paleogenetics, but also topical observations, analog and computer experiments for testing hypotheses — verification and falsification of theoretical explanations. <br />The so-called 'language Rubicon' — the boundary between the communicative systems of animals and articulate, meaningful human speech — was overcome in a long stepwise evolutionary process. For each stage, the book presents versions of transition mechanisms from renewal of techno-natural niches and social orders to new communicative concerns with the subsequent complication of speech, linguistic constructions, and development of corresponding abilities of consciousness.<br />Many millennia stretched between the end of the epoch of glottogenesis and the time of the most ancient written monuments, called the prelanguage gap. Ways of mentally, conceptually overcoming this "blind spot" of science are presented, as well as an unsure explanation of the number of primary language families, diversity, complexity, and simplicity of languages, their universal features (according to Ch. Hockett). The issues of linguistic kinship (in connection with the unresolved problem of the origin of Romance languages) get particular attention. Finally, there are promising directions for studying pre-writing history to compare various linguistic traces with macrosocial regularities. <br />The book, being neither highly specialized nor simplified popular, is intended for all those seriously interested in the cognitive aspects of anthropogenesis and the ancient origins of language and consciousness.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63871625" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0cbd0b3c8e01f1757362ae1101b7e078" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":76151188,"asset_id":63871625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76151188/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="93944" href="https://nsu-ru.academia.edu/NikolaiRozov">Nikolai Rozov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="93944" type="text/json">{"id":93944,"first_name":"Nikolai","last_name":"Rozov","domain_name":"nsu-ru","page_name":"NikolaiRozov","display_name":"Nikolai Rozov","profile_url":"https://nsu-ru.academia.edu/NikolaiRozov?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/93944/26035/24012/s65_nikolai.rozov.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63871625 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63871625"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63871625, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63871625", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63871625]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63871625").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63871625").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63871625"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="101" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages">Languages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="101" type="text/json">{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="255" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology">Evolutionary Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="255" type="text/json">{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="398" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paleoanthropology">Paleoanthropology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="398" type="text/json">{"id":398,"name":"Paleoanthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paleoanthropology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63871625]'), work: {"id":63871625,"title":"О книге \"Происхождение языка и сознания. Как социальные порядки и коммуникативные заботы порождали речевые и когнитивные способности\"","created_at":"2021-12-11T16:09:31.999-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63871625/%D0%9E_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_63871625","summary":"The English abstract is below.\nВ книге развернута эволюционная концепция происхождения и развития языковых структур, способностей сознания, начиная с ранних этапов антропогенеза (австралопитеки и ранние Homo) вплоть до верхнего палеолита (средние сапиенсы). Концепция объединяет модели генно-культурной коэволюции, культурного драйва, многоуровневого отбора, наиболее конструктивные и убедительные результаты современных исследований глоттогенеза (Д. Бикертон, Р. Бойд, Дж. Л. Десаль, Р. Джакендофф, Т. Дикон, М. Дональд, Д. Дор, К. Лаланд, П. Ричерсон, Р. Рэнгем, К. Стерелни, М. Томаселло, В. Уилдген, Дж. Харфорд и др.). Объединены в единую конструкцию психологические и микросоциологические идеи Л. С. Выготского, Б. Скиннера, Дм. Узнадзе, Р. Коллинза. На этих основаниях построена эволюционная модель, связывающая техноприродные ниши, социальные порядки, коммуникативные заботы с многообразными обеспечивающими структурами: от ритуальных практик, вокальных проб, знаковых и семантических единиц — до нейронных механизмов речи и их наследственных задатков.\nРазработана методология проверки суждений о конкретных этапах глоттогенеза как расширение номологического подхода К. Гемпеля, что позволяет использовать не только косвенные эмпирические данные археологии, палеоклиматологии, палеогенетики, но также актуальные наблюдения, аналоговые и компьютерные эксперименты для тестирования гипотез — верификации и фальсификации теоретических объяснений. \nПоказано, что так называемый «языковой Рубикон» — граница между коммуникативными системами животных и членораздельной, осмысленной речью человека — был преодолен в долгом ступенчатом эволюционном процессе. Для каждой ступени предложены версии механизмов перехода от обновления техноприродных ниш и социальных порядков к новым коммуникативным заботам с последующим усложнением речи, языковых конструкций и развитием соответствующих способностей сознания.\nМежду завершением эпохи глоттогенеза и временем древнейших письменных памятников простирались многие тысячелетия, названные праязыковым разрывом. Представлены способы мысленного, концептуального преодоления этого «слепого пятна» науки, а также эскизное объяснение численности базовых языковых семей, разнообразия, сложности и простоты языков, их универсальных черт (по Дж. Хоккетту). Особое внимание уделено вопросам языкового родства (в связи с так и нерешенной проблемой происхождения романских языков), намечены перспективные направления изучения дописьменной истории на основе сопоставления многообразных языковых следов с макросоциальными закономерностями. \nКнига, не будучи ни узкоспециальной, ни упрощенной популярной, предназначена для всех серьезно интересующихся когнитивными аспектами антропогенеза, древнейшими истоками языка и сознания.\nRozov, Nikolai S. The Origin of Language and Consciousness. How social orders and communicative concerns gave rise to speech and cognitive abilities. \n\nThis book develops the evolutionary concept of the origin and development of linguistic structures, abilities of consciousness from the initial stages of anthropogenesis (Australopithecus and Early Homo) up to the Upper Paleolithic (Middle Sapiens). The concept combines models of gene-cultural coevolution, cultural drive, multilevel selection, and the most constructive and convincing results of modern studies of glottogenesis (D. Bickerton, R. Boyd, J.-L. Dessalles, R. Jackendoff, T. Deacon, M. Donald, D. Doer, K. Laland, P. Richerson, R. Wrangham, K. Sterelny, M. Tomasello, W. Wildgen, J. Harford and others). A single conceptual construction combines the psychological and microsociological ideas of L. Vygotsky, B. Skinner, Dm. Uznadze, R. Collins. On these bases, an evolutionary model is constructed, linking techno-natural niches, social orders, communicative concerns with manifold providing structures: from ritual practices, vocal trials, sign forms, and semantic values — to neural mechanisms of speech and their hereditary assignments.\nThe methodology of verification of judgments about specific stages of glottogenesis as an extension of K. Hempel's nomological approach is developed, which allows using not only indirect empirical data of archaeology, paleoclimatology, paleogenetics, but also topical observations, analog and computer experiments for testing hypotheses — verification and falsification of theoretical explanations. \nThe so-called 'language Rubicon' — the boundary between the communicative systems of animals and articulate, meaningful human speech — was overcome in a long stepwise evolutionary process. For each stage, the book presents versions of transition mechanisms from renewal of techno-natural niches and social orders to new communicative concerns with the subsequent complication of speech, linguistic constructions, and development of corresponding abilities of consciousness.\nMany millennia stretched between the end of the epoch of glottogenesis and the time of the most ancient written monuments, called the prelanguage gap. Ways of mentally, conceptually overcoming this \"blind spot\" of science are presented, as well as an unsure explanation of the number of primary language families, diversity, complexity, and simplicity of languages, their universal features (according to Ch. Hockett). The issues of linguistic kinship (in connection with the unresolved problem of the origin of Romance languages) get particular attention. Finally, there are promising directions for studying pre-writing history to compare various linguistic traces with macrosocial regularities. \nThe book, being neither highly specialized nor simplified popular, is intended for all those seriously interested in the cognitive aspects of anthropogenesis and the ancient origins of language and consciousness.\n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":76151188,"asset_id":63871625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":93944,"first_name":"Nikolai","last_name":"Rozov","domain_name":"nsu-ru","page_name":"NikolaiRozov","display_name":"Nikolai Rozov","profile_url":"https://nsu-ru.academia.edu/NikolaiRozov?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/93944/26035/24012/s65_nikolai.rozov.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":101,"name":"Languages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":398,"name":"Paleoanthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paleoanthropology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=173032"},{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=173032"},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=173032"},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=173032"},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=173032"},{"id":6642,"name":"Language Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Evolution?f_ri=173032"},{"id":9040,"name":"Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness?f_ri=173032"},{"id":10500,"name":"Intentionality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intentionality?f_ri=173032"},{"id":12912,"name":"Normativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Normativity?f_ri=173032"},{"id":17607,"name":"Evolution of Consciousness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution_of_Consciousness?f_ri=173032"},{"id":35927,"name":"Human origins (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_origins_Anthropology_?f_ri=173032"},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032"},{"id":187260,"name":"Language Origins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Origins?f_ri=173032"},{"id":290465,"name":"Origins and evolution of language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origins_and_evolution_of_language?f_ri=173032"},{"id":317458,"name":"Social Order","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Order?f_ri=173032"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7361333" data-work_id="7361333" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7361333/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_2008_%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%81_%D0%A1_%D0%90_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA_">Обезьяны "говорящие" или только "думающие"? (2008; в соавторстве с С.А.Бурлак)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7361333" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="88c25a369e7f6ad2af9af3352acac273" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33959106,"asset_id":7361333,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33959106/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8404368" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann">Vladimir Friedmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8404368" type="text/json">{"id":8404368,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Friedmann","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"VladimirFriedmann","display_name":"Vladimir Friedmann","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8404368/2846982/14456356/s65_vladimir.friedmann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7361333 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7361333"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7361333, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7361333", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7361333]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7361333").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7361333").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7361333"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="179" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology">Ethology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="179" type="text/json">{"id":179,"name":"Ethology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1091" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology">Ornithology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1091" type="text/json">{"id":1091,"name":"Ornithology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28378" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_communication">Animal communication</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28378" type="text/json">{"id":28378,"name":"Animal communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_communication?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="52714" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primates">Primates</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="52714" type="text/json">{"id":52714,"name":"Primates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primates?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7361333]'), work: {"id":7361333,"title":"Обезьяны \"говорящие\" или только \"думающие\"? (2008; в соавторстве с С.А.Бурлак)","created_at":"2014-06-16T00:50:08.450-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7361333/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_2008_%D0%B2_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%81_%D0%A1_%D0%90_%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA_?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_7361333","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33959106,"asset_id":7361333,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8404368,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Friedmann","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"VladimirFriedmann","display_name":"Vladimir Friedmann","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8404368/2846982/14456356/s65_vladimir.friedmann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":179,"name":"Ethology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":1091,"name":"Ornithology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":28378,"name":"Animal communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_communication?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":52714,"name":"Primates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primates?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":124397,"name":"Animal Behaviour, Communication, Referential Signals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behaviour_Communication_Referential_Signals?f_ri=173032"},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61757119" data-work_id="61757119" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61757119/The_Primordial_Edenic_Tongue_Or_Why_Animals_Speak_at_Midnight_on_Christmas_Eve_">The Primordial Edenic Tongue (Or Why Animals Speak at Midnight on Christmas Eve)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The first chapter of the Book of Genesis implicitly refers to the faculty of speech as the ultimate divine attribute, and God's discourse is equated with the act of Creation. Each of the six narrative units building the biblical... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61757119" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The first chapter of the Book of Genesis implicitly refers to the faculty of speech as the ultimate divine attribute, and God's discourse is equated with the act of Creation. Each of the six narrative units building the biblical Hexaemeral cluster is anchored by the formulaic expression "God said". 1 In the accounts about the First, Second and the Third Day this clause is supplemented with the stock phrase "and God called/named [it/them]", while in the accounts about the Fifth and the Sixth Day-with the divine blessing "Be fruitful and multiply". Thus, having separated the light from the darkness, God calls them Day and Night and in this way establishes the temporal framework of the Universe [Gn 1: 3-5]; by naming the Firmament Heaven, God sets apart the strata of celestial realm [Gn 1: 6-8]; by calling the dry land Earth and the gatherings of the water surrounding it as the Sea, God demarks the terrestrial and marine landscapes [Gn 1: 9-10]. Yet this is when and where-in the middle of the narrative about the Third Day-the divine taxonomy ends. The account about the creation of vegetation does not mention naming of plants; no astronyms are attested in the account about the creation of heavenly luminaries on the Fourth Day; in a similar manner, the accounts of the creation of animals of the air, waters and earth remain silent about their taxonomy. This task-the naming of "living creatures"-is to be accomplished by Man, who is yet to be fashioned in God's image in the last, Sixth Day of Creation. But how exactly does Adam become a speaking being? The conjecture that the faculty of speech was not only a divine but also a human attribute constitutes one of the fundamental lemmata of biblical anthropology; this concept is firmly embedded in the storyline of Genesis 2. Indeed, the earthborn man, who was fashioned as a carnal vessel of God's Spirit, was endowed with voice; the very first deed described in Adam's vita is the taxonomy of animals-an act which is accomplished through his verbal/vocal activity [Gn 2: 19-20]. 2 Still, the issue of glottogenesis remains somewhat vague in the canoni</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61757119" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3094162f37ba0d931b2a49f23c25242b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74712381,"asset_id":61757119,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74712381/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5884" href="https://therai.academia.edu/FlorentinaBadalanovaGeller">Florentina Badalanova Geller</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5884" type="text/json">{"id":5884,"first_name":"Florentina","last_name":"Badalanova Geller","domain_name":"therai","page_name":"FlorentinaBadalanovaGeller","display_name":"Florentina Badalanova Geller","profile_url":"https://therai.academia.edu/FlorentinaBadalanovaGeller?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5884/869802/1085439/s65_florentina.badalanova_geller.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61757119 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61757119"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61757119, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61757119", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61757119]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61757119").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61757119").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61757119"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20897" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_Genesis">Book of Genesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20897" type="text/json">{"id":20897,"name":"Book of Genesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_Genesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="83719" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creation_myths">Creation myths</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="83719" type="text/json">{"id":83719,"name":"Creation myths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creation_myths?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis">Glottogenesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="173032" type="text/json">{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61757119]'), work: {"id":61757119,"title":"The Primordial Edenic Tongue (Or Why Animals Speak at Midnight on Christmas Eve)","created_at":"2021-11-16T01:08:17.047-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61757119/The_Primordial_Edenic_Tongue_Or_Why_Animals_Speak_at_Midnight_on_Christmas_Eve_?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_61757119","summary":"The first chapter of the Book of Genesis implicitly refers to the faculty of speech as the ultimate divine attribute, and God's discourse is equated with the act of Creation. Each of the six narrative units building the biblical Hexaemeral cluster is anchored by the formulaic expression \"God said\". 1 In the accounts about the First, Second and the Third Day this clause is supplemented with the stock phrase \"and God called/named [it/them]\", while in the accounts about the Fifth and the Sixth Day-with the divine blessing \"Be fruitful and multiply\". Thus, having separated the light from the darkness, God calls them Day and Night and in this way establishes the temporal framework of the Universe [Gn 1: 3-5]; by naming the Firmament Heaven, God sets apart the strata of celestial realm [Gn 1: 6-8]; by calling the dry land Earth and the gatherings of the water surrounding it as the Sea, God demarks the terrestrial and marine landscapes [Gn 1: 9-10]. Yet this is when and where-in the middle of the narrative about the Third Day-the divine taxonomy ends. The account about the creation of vegetation does not mention naming of plants; no astronyms are attested in the account about the creation of heavenly luminaries on the Fourth Day; in a similar manner, the accounts of the creation of animals of the air, waters and earth remain silent about their taxonomy. This task-the naming of \"living creatures\"-is to be accomplished by Man, who is yet to be fashioned in God's image in the last, Sixth Day of Creation. But how exactly does Adam become a speaking being? The conjecture that the faculty of speech was not only a divine but also a human attribute constitutes one of the fundamental lemmata of biblical anthropology; this concept is firmly embedded in the storyline of Genesis 2. Indeed, the earthborn man, who was fashioned as a carnal vessel of God's Spirit, was endowed with voice; the very first deed described in Adam's vita is the taxonomy of animals-an act which is accomplished through his verbal/vocal activity [Gn 2: 19-20]. 2 Still, the issue of glottogenesis remains somewhat vague in the canoni","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74712381,"asset_id":61757119,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5884,"first_name":"Florentina","last_name":"Badalanova Geller","domain_name":"therai","page_name":"FlorentinaBadalanovaGeller","display_name":"Florentina Badalanova Geller","profile_url":"https://therai.academia.edu/FlorentinaBadalanovaGeller?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5884/869802/1085439/s65_florentina.badalanova_geller.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":20897,"name":"Book of Genesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_of_Genesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":83719,"name":"Creation myths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creation_myths?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1237921" data-work_id="1237921" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1237921/A_Necessary_Condition_for_Proof_of_Abiotic_Semiosis">A Necessary Condition for Proof of Abiotic Semiosis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This short essay seeks to identify and prevent a pitfall that attends less careful inquiries into “physiosemiosis.” It is emphasized that, in order to truly establish the presence of sign-action in the non-living world, all the components... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1237921" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This short essay seeks to identify and prevent a pitfall that attends less careful inquiries into “physiosemiosis.” It is emphasized that, in order to truly establish the presence of sign-action in the non-living world, all the components of a triadic sign — including the interpretant — would have to be abiotic (that is, not dependent on a living organism). Failure to heed this necessary condition can lead one to hastily confuse a natural sign (like smoke coming from fire) for an instance of abiotic semiosis. A more rigorous and reserved approach to the topic is called for.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1237921" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9e89db4568d6b4acc079296672698633" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47841439,"asset_id":1237921,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47841439/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="90594" href="https://kwantlen.academia.edu/MarcChampagne">Marc Champagne</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="90594" type="text/json">{"id":90594,"first_name":"Marc","last_name":"Champagne","domain_name":"kwantlen","page_name":"MarcChampagne","display_name":"Marc Champagne","profile_url":"https://kwantlen.academia.edu/MarcChampagne?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/90594/25175/116736640/s65_marc.champagne.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1237921 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1237921"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1237921, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1237921", }); 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В отличие от инстинктивных систем сигнализации низших обезьян жесты представляют собой не видовые сигналы, а индивидуальные реакции. Их «значение», способы... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8202551" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Показана специфичность жестов как средства коммуникации шимпанзе и бонобо. В отличие от инстинктивных систем сигнализации низших обезьян жесты представляют собой не видовые сигналы, а индивидуальные реакции. Их «значение», способы продуцирования и употребления устанавливаются традицией, специфической для каждой группы. Соответственно, у них нет свободного значения, чтобы понять, «что передаётся», недостаточно «автоматической расшифровки» сигнала. Каждая обезьяна должна оценить обстановку и «напрячь интеллект», а передающий подстраивается, видоизменяя жест, если нужно облегчить понимание.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8202551" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f9aa551c343484e51bd796aef5541a6f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34631874,"asset_id":8202551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34631874/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8404368" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann">Vladimir Friedmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8404368" type="text/json">{"id":8404368,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Friedmann","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"VladimirFriedmann","display_name":"Vladimir Friedmann","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8404368/2846982/14456356/s65_vladimir.friedmann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8202551 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8202551"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8202551, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8202551", }); 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В отличие от инстинктивных систем сигнализации низших обезьян жесты представляют собой не видовые сигналы, а индивидуальные реакции. Их «значение», способы продуцирования и употребления устанавливаются традицией, специфической для каждой группы. Соответственно, у них нет свободного значения, чтобы понять, «что передаётся», недостаточно «автоматической расшифровки» сигнала. Каждая обезьяна должна оценить обстановку и «напрячь интеллект», а передающий подстраивается, видоизменяя жест, если нужно облегчить понимание.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34631874,"asset_id":8202551,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8404368,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Friedmann","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"VladimirFriedmann","display_name":"Vladimir Friedmann","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8404368/2846982/14456356/s65_vladimir.friedmann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":179,"name":"Ethology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":2069,"name":"Primatology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primatology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":28378,"name":"Animal communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_communication?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":124397,"name":"Animal Behaviour, Communication, Referential Signals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behaviour_Communication_Referential_Signals?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032"},{"id":222758,"name":"Great Apes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Apes?f_ri=173032"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49001632" data-work_id="49001632" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49001632/MAN_DEATH_and_ETHICS">MAN DEATH and ETHICS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">1. Предмет: феномен взаимосвязи «человека», смерти и этики. 2. Гипотеза: «осознание смерти» есть уникальное явление, породившее существо нового качества: «человека». Только осознание смерти дало человеку возможность «отношения к смерти»... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49001632" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">1. Предмет: феномен взаимосвязи «человека», смерти и этики.<br />2. Гипотеза: «осознание смерти» есть уникальное явление, породившее существо нового качества: «человека». Только осознание смерти дало человеку возможность «отношения к смерти» как к проблеме. <br />3. Отношение к смерти формирует мораль как опыт и этику как метод. <br />4. Живая природа «не знает» о смерти, поэтому она развивается не методом, а отбором. <br />5. Этический метод дает человеку способность преодоления «проблем» вообще, и «проблемы смерти» в частности. <br />6. Слово «человек» здесь означает не «личность» отдельно или «общество» отдельно, а систему «индивидуум-социум». <br />7. Определяя «человека» как социально-когнитивный феномен: «существо, понявшее проблему смерти», мы разрываем привязку понятия «человек» к виду животных Homo Sapiens. Человеком можно назвать любой вид существ, понявших проблему смерти. Понять смерть можно только в системе времен абстрактного языка. <br />8. Цель Развития человека: «преодоление проблемы смерти». Но если сам человек, его мораль и этика определены пониманием смерти, то достижение такой цели приведёт к уничтожению морали, этики и, собственно, Человека. Вне смерти окажется уже не человек, а «сверхчеловек», или «Новый Человек». Ценности и проблемы Нового мира будут качественно иными, транс- и постгуманистическими.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49001632" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b484715b059e2381d9fdd8a61f80bd8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67389983,"asset_id":49001632,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67389983/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="137347265" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0">Walentin W . Wasielewski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="137347265" type="text/json">{"id":137347265,"first_name":"Walentin","last_name":"Wasielewski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"философиятрансгуманизма","display_name":"Walentin W . Wasielewski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/137347265/46600458/44513002/s65__._.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49001632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49001632"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49001632, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49001632", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49001632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49001632; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49001632"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49001632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49001632"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49001632; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49001632]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49001632").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49001632").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49001632"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11861" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transhumanism">Transhumanism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11861" type="text/json">{"id":11861,"name":"Transhumanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transhumanism?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="59532" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral">Moral</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="59532" type="text/json">{"id":59532,"name":"Moral","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis">Glottogenesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="173032" type="text/json">{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49001632]'), work: {"id":49001632,"title":"MAN DEATH and ETHICS","created_at":"2021-05-21T03:40:10.674-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49001632/MAN_DEATH_and_ETHICS?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_49001632","summary":"1. Предмет: феномен взаимосвязи «человека», смерти и этики.\n2. Гипотеза: «осознание смерти» есть уникальное явление, породившее существо нового качества: «человека». Только осознание смерти дало человеку возможность «отношения к смерти» как к проблеме. \n3. Отношение к смерти формирует мораль как опыт и этику как метод. \n4. Живая природа «не знает» о смерти, поэтому она развивается не методом, а отбором. \n5. Этический метод дает человеку способность преодоления «проблем» вообще, и «проблемы смерти» в частности. \n6. Слово «человек» здесь означает не «личность» отдельно или «общество» отдельно, а систему «индивидуум-социум». \n7. Определяя «человека» как социально-когнитивный феномен: «существо, понявшее проблему смерти», мы разрываем привязку понятия «человек» к виду животных Homo Sapiens. Человеком можно назвать любой вид существ, понявших проблему смерти. Понять смерть можно только в системе времен абстрактного языка. \n8. Цель Развития человека: «преодоление проблемы смерти». Но если сам человек, его мораль и этика определены пониманием смерти, то достижение такой цели приведёт к уничтожению морали, этики и, собственно, Человека. Вне смерти окажется уже не человек, а «сверхчеловек», или «Новый Человек». Ценности и проблемы Нового мира будут качественно иными, транс- и постгуманистическими.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67389983,"asset_id":49001632,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":137347265,"first_name":"Walentin","last_name":"Wasielewski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"философиятрансгуманизма","display_name":"Walentin W . Wasielewski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/137347265/46600458/44513002/s65__._.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":11861,"name":"Transhumanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transhumanism?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":59532,"name":"Moral","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38269237" data-work_id="38269237" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38269237/L_ethnogen%C3%A8se_des_Frisons">L’ethnogenèse des Frisons</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Based on the Frisians’ mythical position as one of the most ancient so-called Germanic peoples [Volk], Frisian origins represent for large parts of Northern Germany’s and especially the Netherlands’ population an important element of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38269237" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on the Frisians’ mythical position as one of the most ancient so-called Germanic peoples [Volk], Frisian origins represent for large parts of Northern Germany’s and especially the Netherlands’ population an important element of their identity. The supposed continuity of settlement and the antiquity of Frisian law are the main aspects of this conception of an ethnic community with pre-Germanic roots dating back to the first centuries before Christ. <br />The present essay discusses recent criticism of the archaeological and historiographical arguments in the context of ethnogenetic research on the formation of barbarian people as a phenomenon of the transformation of the Roman world. In combination with linguistic analysis, a chronology of Frisian ethnogenesis and glottogenesis is suggested beginning no earlier than the 7th century.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38269237" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c6ae2d533cc229d2c91a9f05d802e3d0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58313707,"asset_id":38269237,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58313707/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59316860" href="https://univ-gustave-eiffel.academia.edu/JensSchneider">Jens Schneider</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59316860" type="text/json">{"id":59316860,"first_name":"Jens","last_name":"Schneider","domain_name":"univ-gustave-eiffel","page_name":"JensSchneider","display_name":"Jens Schneider","profile_url":"https://univ-gustave-eiffel.academia.edu/JensSchneider?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59316860/22222197/21448337/s65_jens.schneider.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38269237 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38269237"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38269237, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38269237", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38269237]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38269237").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38269237").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38269237"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis">Glottogenesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173032" type="text/json">{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184350" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnogenesis">Ethnogenesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="184350" type="text/json">{"id":184350,"name":"Ethnogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38269237]'), work: {"id":38269237,"title":"L’ethnogenèse des Frisons","created_at":"2019-02-01T09:38:52.817-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38269237/L_ethnogen%C3%A8se_des_Frisons?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_38269237","summary":"Based on the Frisians’ mythical position as one of the most ancient so-called Germanic peoples [Volk], Frisian origins represent for large parts of Northern Germany’s and especially the Netherlands’ population an important element of their identity. The supposed continuity of settlement and the antiquity of Frisian law are the main aspects of this conception of an ethnic community with pre-Germanic roots dating back to the first centuries before Christ. \nThe present essay discusses recent criticism of the archaeological and historiographical arguments in the context of ethnogenetic research on the formation of barbarian people as a phenomenon of the transformation of the Roman world. In combination with linguistic analysis, a chronology of Frisian ethnogenesis and glottogenesis is suggested beginning no earlier than the 7th century.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58313707,"asset_id":38269237,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59316860,"first_name":"Jens","last_name":"Schneider","domain_name":"univ-gustave-eiffel","page_name":"JensSchneider","display_name":"Jens Schneider","profile_url":"https://univ-gustave-eiffel.academia.edu/JensSchneider?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59316860/22222197/21448337/s65_jens.schneider.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":184350,"name":"Ethnogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5132042" data-work_id="5132042" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5132042/Homo_igneous_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85">Homo igneous: Феномен Языка для курящих и некурящих</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Исследование обозначает контуры гипотезы, определяющей сущность языка как части физиологии человека, характеризуя языковую активность в качестве рецепторной на основании идентичности устройства, принципов и биологического предназначения... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5132042" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Исследование обозначает контуры гипотезы, определяющей сущность языка как части физиологии человека, характеризуя языковую активность в качестве рецепторной на основании идентичности устройства, принципов и биологического предназначения органов чувств. <br />Предполагаются физиологические границы органа и причины развития этого органа в ходе общей эволюции человека. <br /> <br />The goal of this study is to build the contours of the hypothesis, which defines the essence of language as a part of the human physiology, describes the language as the receptor activity based on common biological principles and functions of senses. The study tries to identify the physiological borders of the organ and the causes, which led to the organ development in the general evolution of human.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5132042" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b375e225c37795ceba452cfe5b5944a7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32644262,"asset_id":5132042,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32644262/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="210142" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VladimirBreskin">Vladimir Breskin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="210142" type="text/json">{"id":210142,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Breskin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VladimirBreskin","display_name":"Vladimir Breskin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VladimirBreskin?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/210142/48534/57365/s65_vladimir.breskin.210142"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5132042 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5132042"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5132042, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5132042", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5132042 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5132042; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5132042"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5132042 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5132042"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5132042; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5132042]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5132042").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5132042").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5132042"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6642" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Evolution">Language Evolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6642" type="text/json">{"id":6642,"name":"Language Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Evolution?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33274" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology_of_Language">Biology of Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33274" type="text/json">{"id":33274,"name":"Biology of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology_of_Language?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="173032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis">Glottogenesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="173032" type="text/json">{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="197042" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7">Глоттогенез</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="197042" type="text/json">{"id":197042,"name":"Глоттогенез","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5132042]'), work: {"id":5132042,"title":"Homo igneous: Феномен Языка для курящих и некурящих","created_at":"2013-11-17T13:45:44.586-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5132042/Homo_igneous_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%AF%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_5132042","summary":"Исследование обозначает контуры гипотезы, определяющей сущность языка как части физиологии человека, характеризуя языковую активность в качестве рецепторной на основании идентичности устройства, принципов и биологического предназначения органов чувств.\r\nПредполагаются физиологические границы органа и причины развития этого органа в ходе общей эволюции человека.\r\n\r\nThe goal of this study is to build the contours of the hypothesis, which defines the essence of language as a part of the human physiology, describes the language as the receptor activity based on common biological principles and functions of senses. The study tries to identify the physiological borders of the organ and the causes, which led to the organ development in the general evolution of human.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32644262,"asset_id":5132042,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":210142,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Breskin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VladimirBreskin","display_name":"Vladimir Breskin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VladimirBreskin?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/210142/48534/57365/s65_vladimir.breskin.210142"}],"research_interests":[{"id":6642,"name":"Language Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Evolution?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":33274,"name":"Biology of Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology_of_Language?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":197042,"name":"Глоттогенез","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49029049" data-work_id="49029049" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49029049/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%9A_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0">Недостающий элемент схемы эволюционной эпистемологии К. Поппера</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The article is dedicated to the problem of deﬁning a human being. The research is based on the article “Evolutionary epistemology” by Karl Raimund Popper. A critical analysis of Popper’s theses and scheme for the evolution of theories is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49029049" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The article is dedicated to the problem of deﬁning a human being. The research is based on the article “Evolutionary epistemology” by Karl Raimund Popper. A critical analysis of Popper’s theses and scheme for the evolution of theories is being conducted. The importance of the emergence of the system of tenses as a consequence of the descriptive function of the language is noted. The problem with which the cycle of development of life and knowledge begins is revealed. The language is included in the scheme proposed by Popper. As a result of the discussion, a key element of the essence of man that distinguishes him from animals is revealed: understanding the problem of death. This understanding makes it possible to relate oneself to the problem, which is the reason for the existence of the most General evaluation categories: “good” and “evil”. This is how a man can deﬁne the goal of development: overcoming the problem. In contrast to nature, the development of which is aimed at avoiding the problem. But having achieved the goal, a human will go beyond himself as a phenomenon deﬁned by an understanding of the problem. In this case, self-transcendence is a man’s transition to a new level. The role of philosophy in the processes of self-transcendence occurring in modern society is discussed. <br />Статья посвящена проблеме определения человека. Основой исследования послужила статья Карла Раймунда Поппера «Эволюционная эпистемология». В результате рассуждения раскрывается ключевой элемент сущности человека, отличающий его от животных: понимание проблемы смерти. В отличие от природы, развитие которой направлено на избежание проблемы, человек может определить цель развития: преодоление проблемы.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49029049" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fd71a32de04d1d29cf516ff93ce60005" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67413334,"asset_id":49029049,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67413334/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="137347265" href="https://independent.academia.edu/%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0">Walentin W . Wasielewski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="137347265" type="text/json">{"id":137347265,"first_name":"Walentin","last_name":"Wasielewski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"философиятрансгуманизма","display_name":"Walentin W . Wasielewski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/137347265/46600458/44513002/s65__._.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49029049 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49029049"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49029049, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49029049", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49029049 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49029049; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49029049"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49029049 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49029049"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49029049; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49029049]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49029049").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49029049").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49029049"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="814" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics">Ethics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="814" type="text/json">{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="815" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology">Epistemology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="815" type="text/json">{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="951" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanities">Humanities</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="951" type="text/json">{"id":951,"name":"Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanities?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49029049]'), work: {"id":49029049,"title":"Недостающий элемент схемы эволюционной эпистемологии К. Поппера","created_at":"2021-05-23T23:44:14.975-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49029049/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%9A_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_49029049","summary":"The article is dedicated to the problem of deﬁning a human being. The research is based on the article “Evolutionary epistemology” by Karl Raimund Popper. A critical analysis of Popper’s theses and scheme for the evolution of theories is being conducted. The importance of the emergence of the system of tenses as a consequence of the descriptive function of the language is noted. The problem with which the cycle of development of life and knowledge begins is revealed. The language is included in the scheme proposed by Popper. As a result of the discussion, a key element of the essence of man that distinguishes him from animals is revealed: understanding the problem of death. This understanding makes it possible to relate oneself to the problem, which is the reason for the existence of the most General evaluation categories: “good” and “evil”. This is how a man can deﬁne the goal of development: overcoming the problem. In contrast to nature, the development of which is aimed at avoiding the problem. But having achieved the goal, a human will go beyond himself as a phenomenon deﬁned by an understanding of the problem. In this case, self-transcendence is a man’s transition to a new level. The role of philosophy in the processes of self-transcendence occurring in modern society is discussed. \nСтатья посвящена проблеме определения человека. Основой исследования послужила статья Карла Раймунда Поппера «Эволюционная эпистемология». В результате рассуждения раскрывается ключевой элемент сущности человека, отличающий его от животных: понимание проблемы смерти. В отличие от природы, развитие которой направлено на избежание проблемы, человек может определить цель развития: преодоление проблемы.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67413334,"asset_id":49029049,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":137347265,"first_name":"Walentin","last_name":"Wasielewski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"философиятрансгуманизма","display_name":"Walentin W . Wasielewski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/137347265/46600458/44513002/s65__._.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":815,"name":"Epistemology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":951,"name":"Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humanities?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":1441,"name":"Philosophical Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophical_Anthropology?f_ri=173032"},{"id":2122,"name":"Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Death?f_ri=173032"},{"id":20177,"name":"Karl Popper","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Karl_Popper?f_ri=173032"},{"id":59532,"name":"Moral","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moral?f_ri=173032"},{"id":165570,"name":"Good and Evil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Good_and_Evil?f_ri=173032"},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11393517" data-work_id="11393517" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11393517/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0_2015_">Три антропоморфизма (2015)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Выделены три вида антропоморфизма, присутствующие в этологических исследованиях уподобления, положения и противопоставления. Обсуждаются примеры их проявления в исследованиях сигналов и механизмов коммуникации у птиц, реконструкции... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11393517" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Выделены три вида антропоморфизма, присутствующие в этологических исследованиях уподобления, положения и противопоставления. Обсуждаются примеры их проявления в исследованиях сигналов и механизмов коммуникации у птиц, реконструкции видового репертуара демонстраций и определении их функциональной роли, а также различия в их источниках и характере влияния на результаты. <br />Показано, что первый вид до некоторой степени неизбежен и на первом шаге реконструкции системы коммуникации вида может быть продуктивен, но лишь в случае, если замечен отбрасывается на втором. <br />Показано, что наибольший вред сейчас несёт А. противопоставления, вызванный случаем, когда этологи его <br />гонят в дверь, а он лезет в окно. Первые два вида антропоморфизма ведут к ложным положительным <br />суждениям о поведении животных, этот к ложному отрицанию, обуславливающему шоры вместо фантомов. </div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11393517" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c76c882167f3d9d86e19d89878d66643" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36952129,"asset_id":11393517,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36952129/download_file?st=MTczMzkxMTYzNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8404368" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann">Vladimir Friedmann</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8404368" type="text/json">{"id":8404368,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Friedmann","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"VladimirFriedmann","display_name":"Vladimir Friedmann","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8404368/2846982/14456356/s65_vladimir.friedmann.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11393517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11393517"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11393517, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11393517", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11393517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11393517; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11393517"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11393517 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11393517"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11393517; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11393517]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11393517").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11393517").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11393517"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="179" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology">Ethology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="179" type="text/json">{"id":179,"name":"Ethology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1091" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology">Ornithology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1091" type="text/json">{"id":1091,"name":"Ornithology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2749" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behavior">Animal Behavior</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2749" type="text/json">{"id":2749,"name":"Animal Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behavior?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4316" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociobiology">Sociobiology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4316" type="text/json">{"id":4316,"name":"Sociobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociobiology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11393517]'), work: {"id":11393517,"title":"Три антропоморфизма (2015)","created_at":"2015-03-12T09:09:32.821-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11393517/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0_2015_?f_ri=173032","dom_id":"work_11393517","summary":"Выделены три вида антропоморфизма, присутствующие в этологических исследованиях уподобления, положения и противопоставления. Обсуждаются примеры их проявления в исследованиях сигналов и механизмов коммуникации у птиц, реконструкции видового репертуара демонстраций и определении их функциональной роли, а также различия в их источниках и характере влияния на результаты. \r\nПоказано, что первый вид до некоторой степени неизбежен и на первом шаге реконструкции системы коммуникации вида может быть продуктивен, но лишь в случае, если замечен отбрасывается на втором. \r\nПоказано, что наибольший вред сейчас несёт А. противопоставления, вызванный случаем, когда этологи его\r\nгонят в дверь, а он лезет в окно. Первые два вида антропоморфизма ведут к ложным положительным \r\nсуждениям о поведении животных, этот к ложному отрицанию, обуславливающему шоры вместо фантомов. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36952129,"asset_id":11393517,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8404368,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Friedmann","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"VladimirFriedmann","display_name":"Vladimir Friedmann","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/VladimirFriedmann?f_ri=173032","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8404368/2846982/14456356/s65_vladimir.friedmann.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":179,"name":"Ethology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":1091,"name":"Ornithology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":2749,"name":"Animal Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behavior?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":4316,"name":"Sociobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociobiology?f_ri=173032","nofollow":false},{"id":28378,"name":"Animal communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_communication?f_ri=173032"},{"id":41779,"name":"Mammals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mammals?f_ri=173032"},{"id":52714,"name":"Primates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primates?f_ri=173032"},{"id":71495,"name":"Costly Signalling (Evolutionary Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Costly_Signalling_Evolutionary_Psychology_?f_ri=173032"},{"id":124397,"name":"Animal Behaviour, Communication, Referential Signals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Behaviour_Communication_Referential_Signals?f_ri=173032"},{"id":129897,"name":"Antropogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Antropogenesis?f_ri=173032"},{"id":173032,"name":"Glottogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glottogenesis?f_ri=173032"},{"id":222758,"name":"Great Apes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Great_Apes?f_ri=173032"},{"id":328999,"name":"Animal Signals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Signals?f_ri=173032"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foundations_of_Semiotics">Foundations of Semiotics</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="388849">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="388849">Following</a></div></li><li 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