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Gong</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Xiaodong Gong"> <meta name="keywords" content="Xiaodong Gong"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Xiaodong Gong"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 80</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Xiaodong Gong</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Of an 80 Gbps Passive Optical Network Using Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malik%20Muhammad%20Arslan">Malik Muhammad Arslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneeb%20Ullah"> Muneeb Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dai%20Shihan"> Dai Shihan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizan%20Khan"> Faizan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20Yang"> Xiaodong Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Internet Service Providers are driving endless demands for higher bandwidth and data throughput as new services and applications require higher bandwidth. Users want immediate and accurate data delivery. This article focuses on converting old conventional networks into passive optical networks based on time division and wavelength division multiplexing. The main focus of this research is to use a hybrid of time-division multiplexing and wavelength-division multiplexing to improve network efficiency and performance. In this paper, we design an 80 Gbps Passive Optical Network (PON), which meets the need of the Next Generation PON Stage 2 (NGPON2) proposed in this paper. The hybrid of the Time and Wavelength division multiplexing (TWDM) is said to be the best solution for the implementation of NGPON2, according to Full-Service Access Network (FSAN). To co-exist with or replace the current PON technologies, many wavelengths of the TWDM can be implemented simultaneously. By utilizing 8 pairs of wavelengths that are multiplexed and then transmitted over optical fiber for 40 Kms and on the receiving side, they are distributed among 256 users, which shows that the solution is reliable for implementation with an acceptable data rate. From the results, it can be concluded that the overall performance, Quality Factor, and bandwidth of the network are increased, and the Bit Error rate is minimized by the integration of this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bit%20error%20rate" title="bit error rate">bit error rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20to%20the%20home" title=" fiber to the home"> fiber to the home</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20optical%20network" title=" passive optical network"> passive optical network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20and%20wavelength%20division%20multiplexing" title=" time and wavelength division multiplexing"> time and wavelength division multiplexing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175639/of-an-80-gbps-passive-optical-network-using-time-and-wavelength-division-multiplexing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175639.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Changing New York Financial Clusters in the 2000s: Modeling the Impact and Policy Implication of the Global Financial Crisis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvia%20Lorenzo">Silvia Lorenzo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongmian%20Gong"> Hongmian Gong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the influx of research assessing the economic impact of the global financial crisis of 2007-8, a spatial analysis based on empirical data is needed to better understand the spatial significance of the financial crisis in New York, a key international financial center also considered the origin of the crisis. Using spatial statistics, the existence of financial clusters specializing in credit and securities throughout the New York metropolitan area are identified for 2000 and 2010, the time period before and after the height of the global financial crisis. Geographically Weighted Regressions are then used to examine processes underlying the formation and movement of financial geographies across state, county and ZIP codes of the New York metropolitan area throughout the 2000s with specific attention to tax regimes, employment, household income, technology, and transportation hubs. This analysis provides useful inputs for financial risk management and public policy initiatives aimed at addressing regional economic sustainability across state boundaries, while also developing the groundwork for further research on a spatial analysis of the global financial crisis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20clusters" title="financial clusters">financial clusters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=New%20York" title=" New York"> New York</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20financial%20crisis" title=" global financial crisis"> global financial crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographically%20weighted%20regression" title=" geographically weighted regression"> geographically weighted regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39737/changing-new-york-financial-clusters-in-the-2000s-modeling-the-impact-and-policy-implication-of-the-global-financial-crisis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Using Speech Emotion Recognition as a Longitudinal Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Diseases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yishu%20Gong">Yishu Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liangliang%20Yang"> Liangliang Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianyu%20Zhang"> Jianyu Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengyu%20Chen"> Zhengyu Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sihong%20He"> Sihong He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xusheng%20Zhang"> Xusheng Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Zhang"> Wei Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and is characterized by cognitive decline and behavioral changes. People living with Alzheimer’s disease often find it hard to complete routine tasks. However, there are limited objective assessments that aim to quantify the difficulty of certain tasks for AD patients compared to non-AD people. In this study, we propose to use speech emotion recognition (SER), especially the frustration level, as a potential biomarker for quantifying the difficulty patients experience when describing a picture. We build an SER model using data from the IEMOCAP dataset and apply the model to the DementiaBank data to detect the AD/non-AD group difference and perform longitudinal analysis to track the AD disease progression. Our results show that the frustration level detected from the SER model can possibly be used as a cost-effective tool for objective tracking of AD progression in addition to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20disease" title="Alzheimer’s disease">Alzheimer’s disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20emotion%20recognition" title=" speech emotion recognition"> speech emotion recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20biomarker" title=" longitudinal biomarker"> longitudinal biomarker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161096/using-speech-emotion-recognition-as-a-longitudinal-biomarker-for-alzheimers-diseases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> A Genetic Algorithm for the Load Balance of Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics Computation with Multi-Block Structured Mesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chunye%20Gong">Chunye Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20Tie"> Ming Tie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Liu"> Jie Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weimin%20Bao"> Weimin Bao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinbiao%20Gan"> Xinbiao Gan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shengguo%20Li"> Shengguo Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Yang"> Bo Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuguang%20Chen"> Xuguang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tiaojie%20Xiao"> Tiaojie Xiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Sun"> Yang Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Large-scale CFD simulation relies on high-performance parallel computing, and the load balance is the key role which affects the parallel efficiency. This paper focuses on the load-balancing problem of parallel CFD simulation with structured mesh. A mathematical model for this load-balancing problem is presented. The genetic algorithm, fitness computing, two-level code are designed. Optimal selector, robust operator, and local optimization operator are designed. The properties of the presented genetic algorithm are discussed in-depth. The effects of optimal selector, robust operator, and local optimization operator are proved by experiments. The experimental results of different test sets, DLR-F4, and aircraft design applications show the presented load-balancing algorithm is robust, quickly converged, and is useful in real engineering problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title="genetic algorithm">genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load-balancing%20algorithm" title=" load-balancing algorithm"> load-balancing algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20variation" title=" optimal variation"> optimal variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20optimization" title=" local optimization"> local optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131281/a-genetic-algorithm-for-the-load-balance-of-parallel-computational-fluid-dynamics-computation-with-multi-block-structured-mesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Impact of Butt Joints on Flexural Properties of Nail Laminated Timber</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mehdi%20Bagheri">Mohammad Mehdi Bagheri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tianying%20Ma"> Tianying Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng%20Gong"> Meng Gong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nail laminated timber (NLT) is widely used for constructing timber bridge decks in North America. Butt joints usually exist due to the length limits of lumber, leading to concerns about the decrease of structural performance of NLT. This study aimed at investigating the provisions incorporated in Canadian highway bridge design code on the use of but joints in wooden bridge decks. Three and five layers NLT specimens with various configurations were tested under 3-point bending test. It was found that the standard equation is capable of predicting the bending stiffness reduction due to butt joints and 1-m band limit in which, one but joint in every three adjacent lamination is allowed, sounds reasonable. The strength reduction also followed a pattern similar to stiffness reduction. Also reinforcement of the butt joint through nails and steel side plates was attempted. It was found that nail reinforcement recovers the stiffness slightly. In contrast, reinforcing the butt joint through steel side plate improved the flexural performance significantly when compared to the nail reinforcement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nail%20laminated%20timber" title="nail laminated timber">nail laminated timber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=butt%20joint" title=" butt joint"> butt joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20stiffness" title=" bending stiffness"> bending stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforcement" title=" reinforcement "> reinforcement </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124932/impact-of-butt-joints-on-flexural-properties-of-nail-laminated-timber" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124932.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Prediction of Extreme Precipitation in East Asia Using Complex Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Guolin">Feng Guolin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gong%20Zhiqiang"> Gong Zhiqiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the spatial structure and dynamical mechanism of extreme precipitation in East Asia, a corresponding climate network is constructed by employing the method of event synchronization. It is found that the area of East Asian summer extreme precipitation can be separated into two regions: one with high area weighted connectivity receiving heavy precipitation mostly during the active phase of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM), and another one with low area weighted connectivity receiving heavy precipitation during both the active and the retreat phase of the EASM. Besides，a way for the prediction of extreme precipitation is also developed by constructing a directed climate networks. The simulation accuracy in East Asia is 58% with a 0-day lead, and the prediction accuracy is 21% and average 12% with a 1-day and an n-day (2≤n≤10) lead, respectively. Compare to the normal EASM year, the prediction accuracy is lower in a weak year and higher in a strong year, which is relevant to the differences in correlations and extreme precipitation rates in different EASM situations. Recognizing and identifying these effects is good for understanding and predicting extreme precipitation in East Asia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronization" title="synchronization">synchronization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20network" title=" climate network"> climate network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall" title=" rainfall"> rainfall</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64827/prediction-of-extreme-precipitation-in-east-asia-using-complex-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Hygrothermal Performance of Sheep Wool in Cold and Humid Climates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuchen%20Chen">Yuchen Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dehong%20Li"> Dehong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Li"> Bin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20Rodrigue"> Denis Rodrigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20%28Alice%29%20Wang"> Xiaodong (Alice) Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When selecting insulation materials, not only should their thermal efficiency be considered, but also their impact on the environment. Compared to conventional insulation materials, bio-based materials not only have comparable thermal performance, but they also have a lower embodied energy. Sheep wool has the advantages of low negative health impact, high fire resistance, eco-friendliness, and high moisture resistance. However, studies on applying sheep wool insulation in cold and humid climates are still insufficient. The purpose of this study is to simulate the hygrothermal performance of sheep wool insulation for the Quebec City climate, as well as analyze the mold growth risks. The results show that a sheep wool wall has better thermal performance than a reference wall and that both meet the minimum requirements of the Quebec Code for the thermal performance of above-ground walls. The total water content indicates that the sheep wool wall can reach dynamic equilibrium in the Quebec climate and can dry out. At the same time, a delay of almost four months in the maximum total water content indicates that the sheep wool wall has high moisture absorption compared to the reference wall. The hygrothermal profiles show that the sheathing-insulation interface of both walls is at the highest risk for condensation. When the interior surface gypsum was replaced by stucco, the mold index significantly dropped. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sheep%20wool" title="sheep wool">sheep wool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20content" title=" water content"> water content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hygrothermal%20performance" title=" hygrothermal performance"> hygrothermal performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mould%20growth%20risk" title=" mould growth risk"> mould growth risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164606/hygrothermal-performance-of-sheep-wool-in-cold-and-humid-climates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Neighborhood Graph-Optimized Preserving Discriminant Analysis for Image Feature Extraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoheng%20Tan">Xiaoheng Tan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xianfang%20Li"> Xianfang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Guo"> Tan Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuchuan%20Liu"> Yuchuan Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhijun%20Yang"> Zhijun Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongye%20Li"> Hongye Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai%20Fu"> Kai Fu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yufang%20Wu"> Yufang Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heling%20Gong"> Heling Gong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The image data collected in reality often have high dimensions, and it contains noise and redundant information. Therefore, it is necessary to extract the compact feature expression of the original perceived image. In this process, effective use of prior knowledge such as data structure distribution and sample label is the key to enhance image feature discrimination and robustness. Based on the above considerations, this paper proposes a local preserving discriminant feature learning model based on graph optimization. The model has the following characteristics: (1) Locality preserving constraint can effectively excavate and preserve the local structural relationship between data. (2) The flexibility of graph learning can be improved by constructing a new local geometric structure graph using label information and the nearest neighbor threshold. (3) The L₂,₁ norm is used to redefine LDA, and the diagonal matrix is introduced as the scale factor of LDA, and the samples are selected, which improves the robustness of feature learning. The validity and robustness of the proposed algorithm are verified by experiments in two public image datasets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20extraction" title="feature extraction">feature extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20optimization%20local%20preserving%20projection" title=" graph optimization local preserving projection"> graph optimization local preserving projection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20discriminant%20analysis" title=" linear discriminant analysis"> linear discriminant analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%E2%82%82" title=" L₂"> L₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%82%81%20norm" title="₁ norm">₁ norm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129863/neighborhood-graph-optimized-preserving-discriminant-analysis-for-image-feature-extraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Influence of UV/Ozone Treatment on the Electrical Performance of Polystyrene Buffered Pentacene-Based OFETs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lin%20Gong">Lin Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holger%20G%C3%B6bel"> Holger Göbel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, we have investigated the influence of UV/ozone treatment on pentacene-based organic field effect transistors (OFETs) with a bilayer gate dielectric. The OFETs for this study were fabricated on heavily n-doped Si substrates with a thermally deposited SiO2 dielectric layer (300nm). On the SiO2 dielectric a very thin (≈ 15nm) buffer layer of polystyrene (PS) was first spin-coated and then treated by UV/ozone to modify the surface prior to the deposition of pentacene. We found out that by extending the UV/ozone treatment time the threshold voltage of the OFETs was monotonically shifted towards positive values, whereas the field effect mobility first decreased but eventually reached a stable value after a treatment time of approximately thirty seconds. Since the field effect mobility of the UV/ozone treated bilayer OFETs was found to be higher than the value of a comparable transistor with a single layer dielectric, we propose that the bilayer (SiO2/PS) structure can be used to shift the threshold voltage to a desired value without sacrificing field effect mobility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffer%20layer" title="buffer layer">buffer layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20field%20effect%20transistors" title=" organic field effect transistors"> organic field effect transistors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=threshold%20voltage" title=" threshold voltage"> threshold voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV%2Fozone%20treatment" title=" UV/ozone treatment"> UV/ozone treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41415/influence-of-uvozone-treatment-on-the-electrical-performance-of-polystyrene-buffered-pentacene-based-ofets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Wet Extraction of Lutein and Lipids from Microalga by Quantitative Determination of Polarity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengyue%20Gong">Mengyue Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinyi%20Li"> Xinyi Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amarjeet%20Bassi"> Amarjeet Bassi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Harvesting by-products while recovering biodiesel is considered a potentially valuable approach to increase the market feasibility of microalgae industry. Lutein is a possible by-product from microalgae that promotes eye health. The extraction efficiency and the expensive drying process of wet algae represent the major challenges for the utilization of microalgae biomass as a feedstock for lipids, proteins, and carotenoids. A wet extraction method was developed to extract lipids and lutein from microalga Chlorella vulgaris. To evaluate different solvent (mixtures) for the extraction, a quantitative analysis was established based on the polarity of solvents using Nile Red as the polarity (ETN) indicator. By the choice of binary solvent system then adding proper amount of water to achieve phase separation, lipids and lutein can be extracted simultaneously. Some other parameters for lipids and lutein production were also studied including saponification time, temperature, choice of alkali, and pre-treatment methods. The extraction efficiency with wet algae was compared with dried algae and shown better pigment recovery. The results indicated that the product pattern in each extracted phase was polarity dependent. Lutein and β-carotene were the main carotenoids extracted with ethanol while lipids come out with hexane. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiesel" title="biodiesel">biodiesel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chlorella%20vulgaris" title=" Chlorella vulgaris"> Chlorella vulgaris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lutein" title=" lutein"> lutein</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56710/wet-extraction-of-lutein-and-lipids-from-microalga-by-quantitative-determination-of-polarity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> An Optimal Matching Design Method of Space-Based Optical Payload for Typical Aerial Target Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yin%20Zhang">Yin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai%20Qiao"> Kai Qiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiyang%20Zhi"> Xiyang Zhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinnan%20Gong"> Jinnan Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianming%20Hu"> Jianming Hu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to effectively detect aerial targets over long distances, an optimal matching design method of space-based optical payload is proposed. Firstly, main factors affecting optical detectability of small targets under complex environment are analyzed based on the full link of a detection system, including band center, band width and spatial resolution. Then a performance characterization model representing the relationship between image signal-to-noise ratio (SCR) and the above influencing factors is established to describe a detection system. Finally, an optimal matching design example is demonstrated for a typical aerial target by simulating and analyzing its SCR under different scene clutter coupling with multi-scale characteristics, and the optimized detection band and spatial resolution are presented. The method can provide theoretical basis and scientific guidance for space-based detection system design, payload specification demonstration and information processing algorithm optimization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space-based%20detection" title="space-based detection">space-based detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerial%20targets" title=" aerial targets"> aerial targets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20system%20design" title=" optical system design"> optical system design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detectability%20characterization" title=" detectability characterization"> detectability characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107378/an-optimal-matching-design-method-of-space-based-optical-payload-for-typical-aerial-target-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Detectability Analysis of Typical Aerial Targets from Space-Based Platforms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yin%20Zhang">Yin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai%20Qiao"> Kai Qiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiyang%20Zhi"> Xiyang Zhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinnan%20Gong"> Jinnan Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianming%20Hu"> Jianming Hu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to achieve effective detection of aerial targets over long distances from space-based platforms, the mechanism of interaction between the radiation characteristics of the aerial targets and the complex scene environment including the sunlight conditions, underlying surfaces and the atmosphere are analyzed. A large simulated database of space-based radiance images is constructed considering several typical aerial targets, target working modes (flight velocity and altitude), illumination and observation angles, background types (cloud, ocean, and urban areas) and sensor spectrums ranging from visible to thermal infrared. The target detectability is characterized by the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) extracted from the images. The influence laws of the target detectability are discussed under different detection bands and instantaneous fields of view (IFOV). Furthermore, the optimal center wavelengths and widths of the detection bands are suggested, and the minimum IFOV requirements are proposed. The research can provide theoretical support and scientific guidance for the design of space-based detection systems and on-board information processing algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space-based%20detection" title="space-based detection">space-based detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerial%20targets" title=" aerial targets"> aerial targets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detectability%20analysis" title=" detectability analysis"> detectability analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scene%20environment" title=" scene environment"> scene environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97443/detectability-analysis-of-typical-aerial-targets-from-space-based-platforms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Impact of Out-of-Plane Stiffness of the Diaphragm on Deflection of Wood Light-Frame Shear Walls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20M.%20Bagheri">M. M. Bagheri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Doudak"> G. Doudak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Gong"> M. Gong </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The in-plane rigidity of light frame diaphragms has been investigated by researchers due to the importance of this subsystem regarding lateral force distribution between the lateral force resisting system (LFRS). Where research has lacked is in evaluating the impact of out-of-plane raigidity of the diaphragm on the deflection of shear walls. This study aims at investigating the effect of the diaphragm on the behavior of wood light-frame shear walls, in particular its out-of-plane rigidity was simulated by modeling the floors as beam. The out of plane stiffness of the diaphragm was investigated for idealized (infinitely stiff or flexible) as well as “realistic”. The results showed reductions in the shear wall deflection in the magnitude of approximately 80% considering the out of plane rigidity of the diaphragm. It was also concluded that considering conservative estimates of out-of-plane stiffness might lead to a very significant reduction in deflection and that assuming the floor diaphragm to be infinitely rigid out of plan seems to be reasonable. For diaphragms supported on multiple panels, further reduction in the deflection was observed. More work, particularly at the experimental level, is needed to verify the finding obtained in the numerical investigation related to the effect of out of plane diaphragm stiffness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title="finite element analysis">finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20deflection" title=" lateral deflection"> lateral deflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=out-of-plane%20stiffness%20of%20the%20diaphragm" title=" out-of-plane stiffness of the diaphragm"> out-of-plane stiffness of the diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood%20light-frame%20shear%20wall" title=" wood light-frame shear wall"> wood light-frame shear wall</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106928/impact-of-out-of-plane-stiffness-of-the-diaphragm-on-deflection-of-wood-light-frame-shear-walls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> A Selection Approach: Discriminative Model for Nominal Attributes-Based Distance Measures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fang%20Gong">Fang Gong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Distance measures are an indispensable part of many instance-based learning (IBL) and machine learning (ML) algorithms. The value difference metrics (VDM) and inverted specific-class distance measure (ISCDM) are among the top-performing distance measures that address nominal attributes. VDM performs well in some domains owing to its simplicity and poorly in others that exist missing value and non-class attribute noise. ISCDM, however, typically works better than VDM on such domains. To maximize their advantages and avoid disadvantages, in this paper, a selection approach: a discriminative model for nominal attributes-based distance measures is proposed. More concretely, VDM and ISCDM are built independently on a training dataset at the training stage, and the most credible one is recorded for each training instance. At the test stage, its nearest neighbor for each test instance is primarily found by any of VDM and ISCDM and then chooses the most reliable model of its nearest neighbor to predict its class label. It is simply denoted as a discriminative distance measure (DDM). Experiments are conducted on the 34 University of California at Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository datasets, and it shows DDM retains the interpretability and simplicity of VDM and ISCDM but significantly outperforms the original VDM and ISCDM and other state-of-the-art competitors in terms of accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20measure" title="distance measure">distance measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discriminative%20model" title=" discriminative model"> discriminative model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nominal%20attributes" title=" nominal attributes"> nominal attributes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nearest%20neighbor" title=" nearest neighbor"> nearest neighbor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119343/a-selection-approach-discriminative-model-for-nominal-attributes-based-distance-measures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Shift in the Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Community Associated with Root Rot Infection of Plukenetia Volubilis Linneo Caused by Fusarium and Rhizopus Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constantine%20Uwaremwe">Constantine Uwaremwe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenjie%20Bao"> Wenjie Bao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bachir%20Goudia%20Daoura"> Bachir Goudia Daoura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandhya%20Mishra"> Sandhya Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xianxian%20Zhang"> Xianxian Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lingjie%20Shen"> Lingjie Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shangwen%20Xia"> Shangwen Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20Yang"> Xiaodong Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Plukenetia volubilis Linneo is an oleaginous plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. Due to its seeds containing a high content of edible oil and rich in vitamins, P. volubilis is cultivated as an economical plant worldwide. However, the cultivation and growth of P. volubilis is challenged by phytopathogen invasion leading to production loss. Methods: In the current study, we tested the pathogenicity of fungal pathogens isolated from root rot infected P. volubilis plant tissues by inoculating them into healthy P. volubilis seedlings. Metagenomic sequencing was used to assess the shift in the fungal community of P. volubilis rhizosphere soil after root rot infection. Results: Four Fusarium isolates and two Rhizopus isolates were found to be root rot causative agents of P. volubilis as they induced typical root rot symptoms in healthy seedlings. The metagenomic sequencing data showed that root rot infection altered the rhizosphere fungal community. In root rot infected soil, the richness and diversity indices increased or decreased depending on pathogens. The four most abundant phyla across all samples were Ascomycota, Glomeromycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota. In infected soil, the relative abundance of each phylum increased or decreased depending on the pathogen and functional taxonomic classification. Conclusions: Based on our results, we concluded that Fusarium and Rhizopus species cause root rot infection of P. volubilis. In root rot infected P. volubilis, the shift in the rhizosphere fungal community was pathogen-dependent. These findings may serve as a key point for a future study on the biocontrol of root rot of P. volubilis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fusarium%20spp." title="fusarium spp.">fusarium spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plukenetia%20volubilis%20l." title=" plukenetia volubilis l."> plukenetia volubilis l.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizopus%20spp." title=" rhizopus spp."> rhizopus spp.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizosphere%20fungal%20community" title=" rhizosphere fungal community"> rhizosphere fungal community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=root%20rot" title=" root rot"> root rot</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187906/shift-in-the-rhizosphere-soil-fungal-community-associated-with-root-rot-infection-of-plukenetia-volubilis-linneo-caused-by-fusarium-and-rhizopus-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Microstructure and Properties of Cu-Bearing Hypereutectic High Chromium Cast Iron</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liqiang%20Gong">Liqiang Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanguang%20Fu"> Hanguang Fu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to further improve the wear resistance of Hypereutectic High Chromium Cast iron (HHCCI), the effects of different Cu contents on the microstructure and properties of HHCCI were systematically studied. It was found that with the increase of Cu content, the carbide size was refined, and the increase of Cu content led to the increase of austenite and the decrease of hardness in as-cast HHCCI. After heat treatment at 1050 °C, the hardness of HHCCI increased significantly compared with as-cast. And with the increase of Cu content, the hardness of HHCCI increased first and then decreased, and the hardness was the highest when 0.5 wt.% Cu was added. The increase of copper content promotes the precipitation of secondary carbides and makes the interface between α-Fe and M23C6-type secondary carbides a semi-coherent boundary. With the increase of Cu content, the wear loss of HHCCI decreased after heat treatment at 1050 °C, and the wear resistance improved. When the Cu content increased to 1.0 wt.%, the wear resistance of HHCCI was the best, which was 2.6 times that of copper-free HHCCI. The continued increase of copper content has no obvious effect on the wear resistance of HHCCI. In addition, a small amount of Cu tends to adsorb on the (0001) preferential growth surface of M₇C₃-type carbides, thereby refining the carbides. From the First-principles calculations, the solid solution strengthening effect of Cu on the matrix and the adsorption and refinement of carbides were revealed, and the influence mechanism on the wear resistance of HHCCI was characterized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypereutectic%20high%20chromium%20cast%20iron" title="hypereutectic high chromium cast iron">hypereutectic high chromium cast iron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cu%20alloying" title=" cu alloying"> cu alloying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbides" title=" carbides"> carbides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20resistance" title=" wear resistance"> wear resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=first-principles%20calculations" title=" first-principles calculations"> first-principles calculations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165072/microstructure-and-properties-of-cu-bearing-hypereutectic-high-chromium-cast-iron" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Cationic Copolymer-Functionalized Nanodiamonds Stabilizes Silver Nanoparticles with Dual Antibacterial Activity and Lower Cytotoxicity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiwei%20Cao">Weiwei Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20Xing"> Xiaodong Xing</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to effectively resolve the microbial pollution and contamination, synthetic nano-antibacterial materials are widely used in daily life. Among them, nanodiamonds (NDs) have recently been demonstrated to hold promise as useful materials in biomedical applications due to their high specific surface area and biocompatibility. In this work, the copolymer, poly(4-vinylpyridine-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) was applied for the surface functionalization of NDs to produce the quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-functionalized NDs (QNDs). Then, QNDs were used as a substrate for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to produce a QND@Ag hybrid. The composition and morphology of the resultant nanostructures were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The mass fraction of AgNPs in the nanocomposites was about 35.7%. The antibacterial performances of the prepared nanocomposites were evaluated with Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), inhibition zone testing and time-kill study. As a result, due to the synergistic antibacterial activity of QND and AgNPs, this hybrid showed substantially higher antibacterial activity than QND and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-stabilized AgNPs, and the AgNPs on QND@Ag were more stable than the Ag NPs on PVP, resulting in long-term antibacterial effects. More importantly, this hybrid showed excellent water solubility and low cytotoxicity, suggesting the great potential application in biomedical applications. The present work provided a simple strategy that successfully turned NDs into nanosized antibiotics with simultaneous superior stability and biocompatibility, which would broaden the applications of NDs and advance the development of novel antibacterial agents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cationic%20copolymer" title="cationic copolymer">cationic copolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanodiamonds" title=" nanodiamonds"> nanodiamonds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title=" silver nanoparticles"> silver nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20antibacterial%20activity" title=" dual antibacterial activity"> dual antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower%20cytotoxicity" title=" lower cytotoxicity"> lower cytotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74805/cationic-copolymer-functionalized-nanodiamonds-stabilizes-silver-nanoparticles-with-dual-antibacterial-activity-and-lower-cytotoxicity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Improving Chest X-Ray Disease Detection with Enhanced Data Augmentation Using Novel Approach of Diverse Conditional Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malik%20Muhammad%20Arslan">Malik Muhammad Arslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneeb%20Ullah"> Muneeb Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dai%20Shihan"> Dai Shihan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniyal%20Haider"> Daniyal Haider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaodong%20Yang"> Xiaodong Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chest X-rays are instrumental in the detection and monitoring of a wide array of diseases, including viral infections such as COVID-19, tuberculosis, pneumonia, lung cancer, and various cardiac and pulmonary conditions. To enhance the accuracy of diagnosis, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, particularly deep learning models like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), are employed. However, these deep learning models demand a substantial and varied dataset to attain optimal precision. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can be employed to create new data, thereby supplementing the existing dataset and enhancing the accuracy of deep learning models. Nevertheless, GANs have their limitations, such as issues related to stability, convergence, and the ability to distinguish between authentic and fabricated data. In order to overcome these challenges and advance the detection and classification of CXR normal and abnormal images, this study introduces a distinctive technique known as DCWGAN (Diverse Conditional Wasserstein GAN) for generating synthetic chest X-ray (CXR) images. The study evaluates the effectiveness of this Idiosyncratic DCWGAN technique using the ResNet50 model and compares its results with those obtained using the traditional GAN approach. The findings reveal that the ResNet50 model trained on the DCWGAN-generated dataset outperformed the model trained on the classic GAN-generated dataset. Specifically, the ResNet50 model utilizing DCWGAN synthetic images achieved impressive performance metrics with an accuracy of 0.961, precision of 0.955, recall of 0.970, and F1-Measure of 0.963. These results indicate the promising potential for the early detection of diseases in CXR images using this Inimitable approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GAN" title=" GAN"> GAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Resnet50" title=" Resnet50"> Resnet50</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176306/improving-chest-x-ray-disease-detection-with-enhanced-data-augmentation-using-novel-approach-of-diverse-conditional-wasserstein-generative-adversarial-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Mechanisms for the Art of Food: Tourism with Thainess and a Multi-Stakeholder Participation Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jutamas%20Wisansing">Jutamas Wisansing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanakarn%20Vongvisitsin"> Thanakarn Vongvisitsin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Udom%20Hongchatikul"> Udom Hongchatikul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food could be used to open up a dialogue about local heritage. Contributing to the world sustainable consumption mission, this research aims to explore the linkages between agriculture, senses of place and performing arts. Thailand and its destination marketing ‘Discover Thainess’ was selected as a working principle, enabling a case example of how the three elements could be conceptualized. The model offered an integrated institutional arrangement where diverse entities could be formed to design how Thainess (local heritage) could be interpreted and embedded into an art of food. Using case study research approach, three areas (Chiangmai, Samutsongkram and Ban Rai Gong King) representing 3 different scales of tourism development were selected. Based on a theoretical analysis, a working model was formulated. An action research was then designed to experiment how the model could be materialized. Brainstorming elicitation and in-depth interview were employed to reflect on how each element could be integrated. The result of this study offered an innovation on how food tourism could be profoundly interpreted and how tourism development could enhance value creation for agricultural based community. The outcomes of the research present co-creative multi-stakeholder model and the value creation method through the whole supply chain of Thai gastronomy. The findings have been eventually incorporated into ‘gastro-diplomacy’ strategy for Thai tourism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-based%20tourism" title="community-based tourism">community-based tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastro-diplomacy" title=" gastro-diplomacy"> gastro-diplomacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastronomy%20tourism" title=" gastronomy tourism"> gastronomy tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20tourism%20development" title=" sustainable tourism development"> sustainable tourism development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42620/mechanisms-for-the-art-of-food-tourism-with-thainess-and-a-multi-stakeholder-participation-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Sustainable Project Management Necessarily Implemented in the Chinese Wine Market Due to Climate Variation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruixin%20Zhang">Ruixin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joel%20Carboni"> Joel Carboni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Songchenchen%20Gong"> Songchenchen Gong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) officially became the 17 development goals set by the United Nations in 2015, it has become an inevitable trend in project management development globally. Since Sustainability and glob-alization are the main focus and trends in the 21st century, project management contains system-based optimization, and or-ganizational humanities, environmental protection, and economic development. As a populous country globally, with the advanced development of economy and technology, China becomes one of the biggest markets in the wine industry. However, the develop-ment of society also brings specific environmental issues. Climate changes have already brought severe impacts on the Chinese wine market, including consumer behavior, wine production activities, and organizational humanities. Therefore, the implementation of sustainable project management in Chinese wine market is essential. Surveys based analysis is the primary method to interpret how the climate variation effect the Chinese wine market and the importance of sustainable project management implementation for green market growth in China. This paper proposes the CWW Conceptual model that can be used in the wine industry, the new 7 Drivers Model, and SPM Framework to interpret the main drivers that impact project management implementation in the wine industry and to offer the directions to wine companies in China which would help them to achieve the green growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20management" title="project management">project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20growth" title=" green growth"> green growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20changes" title=" climate changes"> climate changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20wine%20market" title=" Chinese wine market"> Chinese wine market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133100/sustainable-project-management-necessarily-implemented-in-the-chinese-wine-market-due-to-climate-variation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133100.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Fault Tolerant (n,k)-star Power Network Topology for Multi-Agent Communication in Automated Power Distribution Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ning%20Gong%03">Ning Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Korostelev%03"> Michael Korostelev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiangguo%20Ren%03"> Qiangguo Ren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Bai%03"> Li Bai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saroj%20K.%20Biswas%03"> Saroj K. Biswas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frank%20Ferrese">Frank Ferrese</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the joint effect of the interconnected (n,k)-star network topology and Multi-Agent automated control on restoration and reconfiguration of power systems. With the increasing trend in development in Multi-Agent control technologies applied to power system reconfiguration in presence of faulty components or nodes. Fault tolerance is becoming an important challenge in the design processes of the distributed power system topology. Since the reconfiguration of a power system is performed by agent communication, the (n,k)-star interconnected network topology is studied and modeled in this paper to optimize the process of power reconfiguration. In this paper, we discuss the recently proposed (n,k)-star topology and examine its properties and advantages as compared to the traditional multi-bus power topologies. We design and simulate the topology model for distributed power system test cases. A related lemma based on the fault tolerance and conditional diagnosability properties is presented and proved both theoretically and practically. The conclusion is reached that (n,k)-star topology model has measurable advantages compared to standard bus power systems while exhibiting fault tolerance properties in power restoration, as well as showing efficiency when applied to power system route discovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%28n" title="(n">(n</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k%29-star%20topology" title="k)-star topology">k)-star topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20tolerance" title=" fault tolerance"> fault tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conditional%20diagnosability" title=" conditional diagnosability"> conditional diagnosability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20system" title=" multi-agent system"> multi-agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automated%20power%20system" title=" automated power system"> automated power system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17249/fault-tolerant-nk-star-power-network-topology-for-multi-agent-communication-in-automated-power-distribution-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Fault Tolerant (n, k)-Star Power Network Topology for Multi-Agent Communication in Automated Power Distribution Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ning%20Gong">Ning Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Korostelev"> Michael Korostelev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiangguo%20Ren"> Qiangguo Ren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Bai"> Li Bai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saroj%20Biswas"> Saroj Biswas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frank%20Ferrese"> Frank Ferrese</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the joint effect of the interconnected (n,k)-star network topology and Multi-Agent automated control on restoration and reconfiguration of power systems. With the increasing trend in development in Multi-Agent control technologies applied to power system reconfiguration in presence of faulty components or nodes. Fault tolerance is becoming an important challenge in the design processes of the distributed power system topology. Since the reconfiguration of a power system is performed by agent communication, the (n,k)-star interconnected network topology is studied and modeled in this paper to optimize the process of power reconfiguration. In this paper, we discuss the recently proposed (n,k)-star topology and examine its properties and advantages as compared to the traditional multi-bus power topologies. We design and simulate the topology model for distributed power system test cases. A related lemma based on the fault tolerance and conditional diagnosability properties is presented and proved both theoretically and practically. The conclusion is reached that (n,k)-star topology model has measurable advantages compared to standard bus power systems while exhibiting fault tolerance properties in power restoration, as well as showing efficiency when applied to power system route discovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%28n" title="(n">(n</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k%29-star%20topology" title=" k)-star topology"> k)-star topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20tolerance" title=" fault tolerance"> fault tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conditional%20diagnosability" title=" conditional diagnosability"> conditional diagnosability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20system" title=" multi-agent system"> multi-agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automated%20power%20system" title=" automated power system "> automated power system </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23400/fault-tolerant-n-k-star-power-network-topology-for-multi-agent-communication-in-automated-power-distribution-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Test-Retest Agreement, Random Measurement Error and Practice Effect of the Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs for Patients with Schizophrenia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuan-Wei%20Chen">Kuan-Wei Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chien-Wei%20Chen"> Chien-Wei Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tai-Ling%20Chang"> Tai-Ling Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nan-Cheng%20Chen"> Nan-Cheng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching-Lin%20Hsieh"> Ching-Lin Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gong-Hong%20Lin"> Gong-Hong Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Purposes: Deficits in sustained attention are common in patients with schizophrenia. Such impairment can limit patients to effectively execute daily activities and affect the efficacy of rehabilitation. The aims of this study were to examine the test-retest agreement, random measurement error, and practice effect of the Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs (CPT-IP) (a commonly used sustained attention test) in patients with schizophrenia. The results can provide empirical evidence for clinicians and researchers to apply a sustained attention test with sound psychometric properties in schizophrenia patients. Methods: We recruited patients with chronic schizophrenia to be assessed twice with 1 week interval using CPT-IP. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to examine the test-retest agreement. The percentage of minimal detectable change (MDC%) was used to examine the random measurement error. Moreover, the standardized response mean (SRM) was used to examine the practice effect. Results: A total of 56 patients participated in this study. Our results showed that the ICC was 0.82, MDC% was 47.4%, and SRMs were 0.36 for the CPT-IP. Conclusion: Our results indicate that CPT-IP has acceptable test-retests agreement, substantial random measurement error, and small practice effect in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, to avoid overestimating patients’ changes in sustained attention, we suggest that clinicians interpret the change scores of CPT-IP conservatively in their routine repeated assessments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schizophrenia" title="schizophrenia">schizophrenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustained%20attention" title=" sustained attention"> sustained attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CPT-IP" title=" CPT-IP"> CPT-IP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75846/test-retest-agreement-random-measurement-error-and-practice-effect-of-the-continuous-performance-test-identical-pairs-for-patients-with-schizophrenia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75846.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Modelling the Tensile Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Freestanding Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Coatings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supriya%20Patibanda">Supriya Patibanda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaopeng%20Gong"> Xiaopeng Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishna%20N.%20Jonnalagadda"> Krishna N. Jonnalagadda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ralph%20Abrahams"> Ralph Abrahams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is used as a top coat in thermal barrier coatings in high-temperature turbine/jet engine applications. The mechanical behaviour of YSZ depends on the microstructural features like crack density and porosity, which are a result of coating method. However, experimentally ascertaining their individual effect is difficult due to the inherent challenges involved like material synthesis and handling. The current work deals with the development of a phenomenological model to replicate the tensile behavior of air plasma sprayed YSZ obtained from experiments. Initially, uniaxial tensile experiments were performed on freestanding YSZ coatings of ~300 µm thick for different crack densities and porosities. The coatings exhibited a nonlinear behavior and also a huge variation in strength values. With the obtained experimental tensile curve as a base and crack density and porosity as prime variables, a phenomenological model was developed using ABAQUS interface with new user material defined employing VUMAT sub routine. The relation between the tensile stress and the crack density was empirically established. Further, a parametric study was carried out to investigate the effect of the individual features on the non-linearity in these coatings. This work enables to generate new coating designs by varying the key parameters and predicting the mechanical properties with the help of a simulation, thereby minimizing experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20density" title="crack density">crack density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20sprayed%20coatings" title=" plasma sprayed coatings"> plasma sprayed coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VUMAT" title=" VUMAT"> VUMAT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121761/modelling-the-tensile-behavior-of-plasma-sprayed-freestanding-yttria-stabilized-zirconia-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121761.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Recyclable Household Solid Waste Generation and Collection in Beijing, China </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tingting%20Liu">Tingting Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yufeng%20Wu"> Yufeng Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xi%20Tian"> Xi Tian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Gong"> Yu Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tieyong%20Zuo"> Tieyong Zuo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The household solid waste generated by household in Beijing is increasing quickly due to rapid population growth and lifestyle changes. However, there are no rigorous data on the generation and collection of the recyclable household solid wastes. The Beijing city government needs this information to make appropriate policies and plans for waste management. To address this information need, we undertook the first comprehensive study of recyclable household solid waste for Beijing. We carried out a survey of 500 families across sixteen districts in Beijing. We also analyzed the quantities, spatial distribution and categories of collected waste handled by curbside recyclers and permanent recycling centers for 340 of the 9797 city-defined residential areas of Beijing. From our results, we estimate that the total quantity of recyclable household solid waste was 1.8 million tonnes generated by Beijing household in 2013 and 71.6% of that was collected. The main generation categories were waste paper (24.4%), waste glass bottle (23.7%) and waste furniture (14.3%). The recycling rate was varied among different kinds of municipal solid waste. Also based on our study, we estimate there were 22.8 thousand curbside recyclers and 5.7 thousand permanent recycling centers in Beijing. The problems of household solid waste collecting system were inadequacies of authorized collection centers, skewed ratios of curbside recyclers and authorized permanent recycling centers, weak recycling awareness of residents and lack of recycling resources statistics and appraisal system. According to the existing problems, we put forward the suggestions to improve household solid waste management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Municipal%20waste%3B%20Recyclable%20waste%3B%20Waste%20categories%3B%20Waste%20collection" title="Municipal waste; Recyclable waste; Waste categories; Waste collection">Municipal waste; Recyclable waste; Waste categories; Waste collection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24733/recyclable-household-solid-waste-generation-and-collection-in-beijing-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Study on the Process of Detumbling Space Target by Laser</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Pinliang">Zhang Pinliang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Chuan"> Chen Chuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Guangming"> Song Guangming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wu%20Qiang"> Wu Qiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gong%20Zizheng"> Gong Zizheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Ming"> Li Ming</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The active removal of space debris and asteroid defense are important issues in human space activities. Both of them need a detumbling process, for almost all space debris and asteroid are in a rotating state, and it`s hard and dangerous to capture or remove a target with a relatively high tumbling rate. So it`s necessary to find a method to reduce the angular rate first. The laser ablation method is an efficient way to tackle this detumbling problem, for it`s a contactless technique and can work at a safe distance. In existing research, a laser rotational control strategy based on the estimation of the instantaneous angular velocity of the target has been presented. But their calculation of control torque produced by a laser, which is very important in detumbling operation, is not accurate enough, for the method they used is only suitable for the plane or regularly shaped target, and they did not consider the influence of irregular shape and the size of the spot. In this paper, based on the triangulation reconstruction of the target surface, we propose a new method to calculate the impulse of the irregularly shaped target under both the covered irradiation and spot irradiation of the laser and verify its accuracy by theoretical formula calculation and impulse measurement experiment. Then we use it to study the process of detumbling cylinder and asteroid by laser. The result shows that the new method is universally practical and has high precision; it will take more than 13.9 hours to stop the rotation of Bennu with 1E+05kJ laser pulse energy; the speed of the detumbling process depends on the distance between the spot and the centroid of the target, which can be found an optimal value in every particular case. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detumbling" title="detumbling">detumbling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ablation%20drive" title=" laser ablation drive"> laser ablation drive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20target" title=" space target"> space target</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20debris%20remove" title=" space debris remove"> space debris remove</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161293/study-on-the-process-of-detumbling-space-target-by-laser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Litter Decomposition and Nutrient Release in a Temperate Grassland in Northern China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lili%20Yang">Lili Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jirui%20Gong"> Jirui Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qinpu%20Luo"> Qinpu Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20%20Liu"> Min Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20%20Yang"> Bo Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zihe%20Zhang"> Zihe Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Anthropogenic activities have increased nitrogen (N) inputs to grassland ecosystems. Knowledge of the impact of N addition on litter decomposition is critical to understand ecosystem carbon cycling and their responses to global climate change. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of N addition and litter types on litter decomposition of a semi-arid temperate grassland during growing and non-growing seasons in Inner Mongolia, northern China, and to identify the relation between litter decomposition and C: N: P stoichiometry in the litter-soil continuum. Six levels of N addition were conducted: CK, N1 (0 g Nm−2 yr−1), N2 (2 g Nm−2 yr−1), N3 (5 g Nm−2 yr−1), N4 (10 g Nm−2 yr−1) and N5 (25 g Nm−2 yr−1). Litter decomposition rates and nutrient release differed greatly among N addition gradients and litter types. N addition promoted litter decomposition of S. grandis, but exhibited no significant influence on L. chinensis litter, indicating that the S. grandis litter decomposition was more sensitive to N addition than L. chinensis. The critical threshold for N addition to promote mixed litter decomposition was 10 -25g Nm−2 yr−1. N addition altered the balance of C: N: P stoichiometry between litter, soil and microbial biomass. During decomposition progress, the L. chinensis litter N: P was higher in N2-N4 plots compared to CK, while the S. grandis litter C: N was lower in N3 and N4 plots, indicating that litter N or P content doesn’t satisfy microbial decomposers with the increasing of N addition. As a result, S. grandis litter exhibited net N immobilization, while L. chinensis litter net P immobilization. Mixed litter C: N: P stoichiometry satisfied the demand of microbial decomposers, showed net mineralization during the decomposition process. With the increasing N deposition in the future, mixed litter would potentially promote C and nutrient cycling in grassland ecosystem by increasing litter decomposition and nutrient release. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C%3A%20N%3A%20P%20stoichiometry" title="C: N: P stoichiometry">C: N: P stoichiometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=litter%20decomposition" title=" litter decomposition"> litter decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20addition" title=" nitrogen addition"> nitrogen addition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient%20release" title=" nutrient release"> nutrient release</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71375/effects-of-nitrogen-addition-on-litter-decomposition-and-nutrient-release-in-a-temperate-grassland-in-northern-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> A Review of Research on Pre-training Technology for Natural Language Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moquan%20Gong">Moquan Gong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, with the rapid development of deep learning, pre-training technology for natural language processing has made great progress. The early field of natural language processing has long used word vector methods such as Word2Vec to encode text. These word vector methods can also be regarded as static pre-training techniques. However, this context-free text representation brings very limited improvement to subsequent natural language processing tasks and cannot solve the problem of word polysemy. ELMo proposes a context-sensitive text representation method that can effectively handle polysemy problems. Since then, pre-training language models such as GPT and BERT have been proposed one after another. Among them, the BERT model has significantly improved its performance on many typical downstream tasks, greatly promoting the technological development in the field of natural language processing, and has since entered the field of natural language processing. The era of dynamic pre-training technology. Since then, a large number of pre-trained language models based on BERT and XLNet have continued to emerge, and pre-training technology has become an indispensable mainstream technology in the field of natural language processing. This article first gives an overview of pre-training technology and its development history, and introduces in detail the classic pre-training technology in the field of natural language processing, including early static pre-training technology and classic dynamic pre-training technology; and then briefly sorts out a series of enlightening technologies. Pre-training technology, including improved models based on BERT and XLNet; on this basis, analyze the problems faced by current pre-training technology research; finally, look forward to the future development trend of pre-training technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20language%20processing" title="natural language processing">natural language processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-training" title=" pre-training"> pre-training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20model" title=" language model"> language model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=word%20vectors" title=" word vectors"> word vectors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183121/a-review-of-research-on-pre-training-technology-for-natural-language-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183121.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Exploring the Intrinsic Ecology and Suitable Density of Historic Districts Through a Comparative Analysis of Ancient and Modern Ecological Smart Practices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hu%20Changjuan">Hu Changjuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gong%20Cong"> Gong Cong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Long%20Hao"> Long Hao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although urban ecological policies and the public's aspiration for livable environments have expedited the pace of ecological revitalization, historic districts that have evolved through natural ecological processes often become obsolete and less habitable amid rapid urbanization. This raises a critical question about historic districts inherently incapable of being ecological and livable. The thriving concept of ‘intrinsic ecology,’ characterized by its ability to transform city-district systems into healthy ecosystems with diverse environments, stable functions, and rapid restoration capabilities, holds potential for guiding the integration of ancient and modern ecological wisdom while supporting the dynamic involvement of cultures. This study explores the intrinsic ecology of historic districts from three aspects: 1) Population Density: By comparing the population density before urban population expansion to the present day, determine the reasonable population density for historic districts. 2) Building Density: Using the ‘Space-mate’ tool for comparative analysis, form a spatial matrix to explore the intrinsic ecology of building density in Chinese historic districts. 3) Green Capacity Ratio: By using ecological districts as control samples, conduct dual comparative analyses (related comparison and upgraded comparison) to determine the intrinsic ecological advantages of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional green volume in historic districts. The study inform a density optimization strategy that supports cultural, social, natural, and economic ecology, contributing to the creation of eco-historic districts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-historic%20districts" title="eco-historic districts">eco-historic districts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrinsic%20ecology" title=" intrinsic ecology"> intrinsic ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suitable%20density" title=" suitable density"> suitable density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20capacity%20ratio." title=" green capacity ratio."> green capacity ratio.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189342/exploring-the-intrinsic-ecology-and-suitable-density-of-historic-districts-through-a-comparative-analysis-of-ancient-and-modern-ecological-smart-practices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Assessment of Estrogenic Contamination and Potential Risk in Taihu Lake, China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guanghua%20Lu">Guanghua Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenhua%20Yan"> Zhenhua Yan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To investigate the estrogenic contamination and potential risk of Taihu Lake, eight active biomonitoring points in the northern section of Taihu Lake were set up and located in Wangyuhe River outlet (P1), Gonghu Bay (P2 and P3), Meiliang Bay (P4 and P5), Zhushan Bay (P6 and P7) and Lake Centre (P8). A suite of biomarkers in caged fish after in situ exposure for 28 days, coupled with six selected exogenous estrogens in water, were determined in May and December 2011. Six target estrogens, namely estrone (E1), 17b-estradiol (E2), ethinylestradiol (EE2), estriol (E3), diethylstilbestrol (DES) and bisphenol A (BPA), were quantified using UPLC/MS/MS. The concentrations of E1, E2, E3, EE2, DES and BPA ranged from ND to 3.61 ng/L, ND to 17.3 ng/L, ND to 1.65 ng/L, ND to 10.2 ng/L, ND to 34.6 ng/L, and 3.95 to 207 ng/L, respectively. BPA was detected at all sampling points at all test periods, E2 was detected at 95% of samples, E1 and EE2 was detected at 75% of samples, and E3 was detected only in December 2011 with quite low concentrations. Each individual estrogen concentration measured at each sampling point was multiplied by its relative potency to gain the estradiol equivalent (EEQ). The total EEQ values in all the monitoring points ranged from 5.69 to 17.8 ng/L in May 2011, and from 4.46 to 21.1 ng/L in December 2011. E2 and EE2 were thought to be the major causal agents responsible for the estrogenic activities. Serum vitellogenin and E2 levels, gonadal DNA damage, and gonadosomatic index were measured in the in situ exposed fish. An enhanced integrated biomarker response (EIBR) was calculated and used to evaluate potential feminization risk of fish in the polluted area of Taihu Lake. EIBR index showed good agreement with the observed total EEQ levels in water. Our results indicated that Gong bay and the lake center had a low estrogenic risk, whereas Wangyuhe River, Meiliang Bay, and Zhushan Bay might present a higher risk to fish. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20biomonitoring" title="active biomonitoring">active biomonitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estrogen" title=" estrogen"> estrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feminization%20risk" title=" feminization risk"> feminization risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taihu%20Lake" title=" Taihu Lake"> Taihu Lake</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29110/assessment-of-estrogenic-contamination-and-potential-risk-in-taihu-lake-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary 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