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[o]" accesskey="o" class="">Hasi saioa</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aukera gehiago" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tresna pertsonalak" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Tresna pertsonalak </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eu.wikipedia.org&uselang=eu">Dohaintza egin</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:KontuaSortu&returnto=Haragitze" title="Kontu bat sortu eta horrekin saioa hastea eskatu nahi genizuke; ez da ezinbestekoa, ordea."> Sortu kontua</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berezi:SaioaHasi&returnto=Haragitze" title="Izen ematera gonbidatzen zaitugu. [o]" accesskey="o"> Hasi saioa</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Izena eman gabeko erabiltzaileentzako orrialdeak <a href="/wiki/Laguntza:Sarrera" aria-label="Artikuluak aldatzeari buruz gehiago ikasi">gehiago ikasi</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEkarpenak" title="IP helbide honetatik egindako aldaketen zerrenda [y]" accesskey="y">Ekarpenak</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Berezi:NireEztabaida" title="Zure IParen eztabaida [n]" accesskey="n">Eztabaida</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mugitu alboko barrara</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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Erakutsi/ezkutatu Historia azpiatal </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jatorria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jatorria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Jatorria </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jatorria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jainismo_goiztiarra,_budismoa_eta_hinduismoa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jainismo_goiztiarra,_budismoa_eta_hinduismoa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Jainismo goiztiarra, budismoa eta hinduismoa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jainismo_goiztiarra,_budismoa_eta_hinduismoa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fundamentuak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fundamentuak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Fundamentuak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fundamentuak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alderaketa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alderaketa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 Alderaketa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alderaketa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Erreferentziak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Kanpo estekak </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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<input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 96 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-96" aria-hidden="true" > 96 hizkuntza </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C3%AFnkarnasie" title="Reïnkarnasie – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Reïnkarnasie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiedergeburt" title="Wiedergeburt – Suitzako alemana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wiedergeburt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Suitzako alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3n" title="Reencarnación – aragoiera" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Reencarnación" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="تناسخ الأرواح – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تناسخ الأرواح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3n" title="Reencarnación – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reencarnación" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasiya" title="Reinkarnasiya – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Reinkarnasiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Реинкарнация – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Реинкарнация" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnac%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Reinkarnacėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Reinkarnacėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рэінкарнацыя – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рэінкарнацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рэінкарнацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рэінкарнацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Прераждане – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Прераждане" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="পুনর্জন্ম – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পুনর্জন্ম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%94%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%95%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B" title="སྐྱེ་བ་སྔ་ཕྱི་ – tibetera" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྐྱེ་བ་སྔ་ཕྱི་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetera" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adkemer_korf" title="Adkemer korf – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Adkemer korf" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3" title="Reencarnació – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reencarnació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnace" title="Reinkarnace – txekiera" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Reinkarnace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txekiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnation" title="Reinkarnation – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Reinkarnation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnation" title="Reinkarnation – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Reinkarnation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A7%DE%8C%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%A7%DE%8D%DE%A6" title="އާތަމާލަ – dhivehia" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އާތަމާލަ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="dhivehia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BA%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Μετενσάρκωση – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μετενσάρκωση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Reincarnation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reenkarni%C4%9Do" title="Reenkarniĝo – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Reenkarniĝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3n" title="Reencarnación – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reencarnación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnatsioon" title="Reinkarnatsioon – estoniera" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Reinkarnatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE" title="تناسخ – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تناسخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4lleensyntyminen" title="Jälleensyntyminen – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jälleensyntyminen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnati%C3%B3n" title="Reinkarnatión – faroera" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Reinkarnatión" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9incarnation" title="Réincarnation – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Réincarnation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynkarnaasje" title="Reynkarnaasje – mendebaldeko frisiera" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Reynkarnaasje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="mendebaldeko frisiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3n" title="Reencarnación – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reencarnación" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91embohetejey" title="Ñembohetejey – guaraniera" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñembohetejey" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Avatar" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA" title="גלגול נשמות – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גלגול נשמות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punarjanam" title="Punarjanam – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Punarjanam" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9lekv%C3%A1ndorl%C3%A1s" title="Lélekvándorlás – hungariera" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lélekvándorlás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungariera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A5%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1_(%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4)" title="Ռեինկարնացիա (վերամարմնավորում) – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռեինկարնացիա (վերամարմնավորում)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Reincarnation" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasi" title="Reinkarnasi – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Reinkarnasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Al%E1%BB%8D_%E1%BB%A5wa" title="Ịlọ ụwa – igboera" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ịlọ ụwa" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igboera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endurholdgun" title="Endurholdgun – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Endurholdgun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnazione" title="Reincarnazione – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Reincarnazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%A2%E7%94%9F" title="転生 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="転生" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="რეინკარნაცია – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რეინკარნაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B7%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%92" title="ចាប់បដិសនិ្ធ – khemerera" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចាប់បដិសនិ្ធ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khemerera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಪುನರ್ಜನ್ಮ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪುನರ್ಜನ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%98%EC%83%9D" title="환생 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="환생" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnatio" title="Reincarnatio – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Reincarnatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarn%C4%81cija" title="Reinkarnācija – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Reinkarnācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Реинкарнацие – mokxera" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Реинкарнацие" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokxera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Реинкарнација – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Реинкарнација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%82" title="പുനർജന്മം – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പുനർജന്മം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasi" title="Reinkarnasi – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Reinkarnasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE" title="تناسخ – mazandarandera" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تناسخ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarandera" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnatschoon" title="Reinkarnatschoon – behe-alemana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Reinkarnatschoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="behe-alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – nepalera" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalera" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – newarera" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C3%AFncarnatie" title="Reïncarnatie – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Reïncarnatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasjon" title="Reinkarnasjon – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Reinkarnasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasjon" title="Reinkarnasjon – bokmål (norvegiera)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Reinkarnasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C3%AFncarnacion" title="Reïncarnacion – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Reïncarnacion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacja" title="Reinkarnacja – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Reinkarnacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarna%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Reencarnação – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reencarnação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C3%AEncarnare" title="Reîncarnare – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reîncarnare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Реинкарнация – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Реинкарнация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Реінкарнація – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Реінкарнація" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – sanskritoa" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%85" title="پنر جنم – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پنر جنم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="පුනුරුප්පත්තිය – sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පුනුරුප්පත්තිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Reincarnation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarn%C3%A1cia" title="Reinkarnácia – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Reinkarnácia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimish%C3%ABrimi" title="Rimishërimi – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rimishërimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Реинкарнација – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Реинкарнација" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%A4lavandring" title="Själavandring – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Själavandring" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="மறுபிறப்பு – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மறுபிறப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE" title="పునర్జన్మ – telugua" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పునర్జన్మ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugua" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D1%85" title="Таносух – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Таносух" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="การกลับชาติมาเกิด – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การกลับชาติมาเกิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reengkarnasyon" title="Reengkarnasyon – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Reengkarnasyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reenkarnasyon" title="Reenkarnasyon – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Reenkarnasyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Реинкарнация – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Реинкарнация" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Реінкарнація – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Реінкарнація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="نقل ارواح – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نقل ارواح" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnatsiya" title="Reinkarnatsiya – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Reinkarnatsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A7u_thai" title="Đầu thai – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đầu thai" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retch%C3%A5rnaedje" title="Retchårnaedje – valoniera" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Retchårnaedje" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E4%B8%96" title="转世 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="转世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C" title="גלגול – yiddisha" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גלגול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddisha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E4%B8%96" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikipedia-1000.png/30px-Wikipedia-1000.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikipedia-1000.png/40px-Wikipedia-1000.png 2x" data-file-width="1122" data-file-height="1024" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipedia, Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Reincarnation_AS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Reincarnation_AS.jpg/220px-Reincarnation_AS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Reincarnation_AS.jpg/330px-Reincarnation_AS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Reincarnation_AS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="409" data-file-height="592" /></a><figcaption>Haragitzea arte hinduistaren arabera irudikatua.</figcaption></figure> Haragitzea<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> edo haragiztatzea<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> hiltzean gizabanakoen esentzia (<a href="/wiki/Adimen" title="Adimen">adimen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arima" title="Arima">arima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konorte" title="Konorte">konorte</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">energia</a>) beste gorputzetara pasako den <a href="/wiki/Sinesmen" title="Sinesmen">sinesmena</a> da<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a>. Berez, ideia batzuk hartzen ditu bere barnean: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metenpsikosi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metenpsikosi (sortu gabe)">Metenpsikosia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmigrazio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmigrazio (sortu gabe)">Transmigrazioa</a>.</li> <li>Haragitzea.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berpizkunde_(budismoa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berpizkunde (budismoa) (sortu gabe)">pizkundea</a>.</li></ul> Haragitzea dakarten sinesmen gehienetan, gizaki baten arima hilezkorra da, eta ez da sakabanatzen gorputz fisikoa hil ondoren. Hiltzean, arima haur jaioberri edo animalia bihurtzen da hilezkortasunarekin jarraitzeko. Transmigrazio hitzak, hil ondoren, arima bat gorputz batetik bestera igarotzea esan nahi du. Haragitzea (punarjanma) indiar erlijioen erdigune bat da, hala nola hinduismo, budismo, jainismo eta sikhismoan, eta, nahiz eta talde hindu eta budistek ez duten haragitzean sinesten, geroko bizitza batean bai sinesten dute<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011271–272-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a>. Hainbat formatan, sineskizun esoteriko gisa agertzen da judaismoaren korronte askotan, zenbait erlijio paganotan, <a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a> barne, eta Amerikako herri indigenen<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australiako</a> indigenen zenbait sinesmenetan (nahiz eta gehienek beste mundu batean edo izpirituan sinesten duten). Arimaren birsortze edo migrazioari buruzko sineskizun bat (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metenpsikosia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metenpsikosia (sortu gabe)">metenpsikosia</a>) <a href="/wiki/Antzinako_Grezia" title="Antzinako Grezia">Antzinako Greziako</a> zenbait figura historikok adierazi zuten, hala nola <a href="/wiki/Pitagoras" title="Pitagoras">Pitagorasek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sokrates" title="Sokrates">Sokratesek</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Platon" title="Platon">Platonek</a><a href="#cite_note-Izenik_gabekoa-20240324200136-10">[10]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kristautasun" title="Kristautasun">Kristautasunaren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamaren</a> barruan talde gehienek gizabanakoak haragitzen direnik uste ez duten arren, erlijio horietako talde partikularrek erreferentzia egiten diote haragitzeari; talde horien artean daude: <a href="/wiki/Katarismo" title="Katarismo">Kataroak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alauiak" title="Alauiak">Alauiak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Druzo" title="Druzo">Druzoren</a><a href="#cite_note-Izenik_gabekoa-20240324200136-10">[10]</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Rosenkreutz_elkartea" title="Rosenkreutz elkartea">Rosenkreutz elkarteko</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> jarraitzaile historiko eta garaikide nagusiak. <a href="/wiki/Neoplatonismo" title="Neoplatonismo">Neoplatonismoaren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orfismo" title="Orfismo">orfismoaren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hermetismo" title="Hermetismo">hermetismoaren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manikeismo" title="Manikeismo">manikeismoaren</a> eta erromatar garaiko <a href="/wiki/Gnostizismo" title="Gnostizismo">gnostizismoaren</a> ezaugarri ziren <a href="/wiki/Sekta" title="Sekta">sekta</a> horien eta haragitzeari buruzko sinesmenen arteko harreman historikoek eta Indiako erlijioek interesa sortu dute ikerketa akademiko berrian<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>. Azken hamarkadetan, <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">europar</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Ipar_Amerika" title="Ipar Amerika">iparramerikar</a> askok interesa azaldu dute haragitzean<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a>, eta hori lan garaikide askok aipatzen dute. Aukera guztietan, arimak gorputzez gorputz bidaia egiten du azkenekoz askapena lortu arte. Hala ere, badaude arimarik gabeko haragiztatzea bultzatzen duten ideiak ere: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metensomatosi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metensomatosi (sortu gabe)">metensomatosia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palingenesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palingenesia (sortu gabe)">palingenesia</a>.</li></ul> Haragiztatzearen sinesmena jada antzinaroko erlijioetan existitzen zen eta ekialdean erlijio nagusiek (<a href="/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo">hinduismoak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budismo" title="Budismo">budismoak</a> edota <a href="/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo">taoismoak</a>) onartzen dute. Erlijio judeo-kristauek (<a href="/wiki/Kristautasun" title="Kristautasun">kristautasunak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judaismo" title="Judaismo">judaismoak</a> edota <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamak</a>), berriz, ez dute ideia onartzen, nahiz eta zenbait heresia aldekoa izan. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definizio_kontzeptualak">Definizio kontzeptualak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Definizio kontzeptualak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Definizio kontzeptualak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Haragitze hitza latinezko esamolde batetik dator, zeinak hitzez hitz haragitara berriro sartu esan nahi duen. Haragitzeak esan nahi du gizaki ororen (edo kultura batzuetako bizidun guztien) alderdi batek bizirik jarraitzen duela hil ondoren. Alderdi hori arima, gogoa, kontzientzia edo zerbait transzendentea izan daiteke, existentziaren ziklo interkonektatu batean birsortzen dena; transmigrazio-sinismena aldatu egiten da kultura zein den, eta gizaki jaio berriaren, animaliaren, landarearen, izpirituaren forman ikusten da, edo gizaki ez den existentziaren beste erresumaren bateko izaki gisa<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeown201335–40-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a>. Ingelesera, ordezko hitz bat sartu da, transmigrazioa, bizitza (gorputz) batetik besterako migrazioa dakarrena<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a>. Terminoa, filosofo modernoek erabili izan dute, hala nola <a href="/wiki/Kurt_G%C3%B6del" title="Kurt Gödel">Kurt Gödelek</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a>. Grekoan, haragitzearen baliokide, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metenpsikosia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metenpsikosia (sortu gabe)">metenpsikosia</a> ((μετεμψύχωσις)), metatik (aldaketa) eta empsykhounatik (arima jarri -(e)n) eratorria da, <a href="/wiki/Pitagoras" title="Pitagoras">Pitagorasi</a> egotzitako terminoa<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a>. Batzuetan erabilitako beste hitz greko bat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palingenesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palingenesia (sortu gabe)">palingenesia</a> da (berriro jaiotzea, brjaiotzea)<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a>. Pizkundea funtsezko kontzeptua da Indiako erlijio nagusietan, eta eztabaidatua hainbat termino erabiliz. Haragiztatze edo Punarjanman (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrito" title="Sanskrito">sanskritoz</a>: पुनर्जन्मन् berpiztea, transmigrazioa)<a href="#cite_note-:0-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> terminoak sanskritozko testu zaharretan, hinduismoan, budismoan eta jainismoan aipatzen dira, eta beste hitz asko ere erabiltzen dira, hala nola punarāvītti (पुनरावृत्ति), punarājāti (पुनराजाति), punarjāvātu (पुनर्जीवातु), punarbhava (पुनर्भव), āgati-gati (आगति-गति, ohikoa <a href="/wiki/P%C4%81li_Canon" title="Pāli Canon">Pali</a> testu budistetan), nibbattin (निब्बत्तिन्), upatti (उपपत्ति) eta upajjana (उप्पज्जन)<a href="#cite_note-:0-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a>. Erlijio horiek uste dute haragitze hori ziklikoa eta amaierarik gabeko <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">samsāra</a> dela, non eta ez den lortzen askapenera daraman ziklo horri amaiera ematen dion ezagutza espiritualik<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011271–272-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890–99-25">[25]</a>. Indiar erlijioetan, urrats gisa hartzen da haragitzearen kontzeptua, zeinak hasiera ematen dion «noraezeko edo mundutar izatearen norabiderik gabeko ziklo» bat den<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011271–272-5">[5]</a>, baina aukera bat da, bizitza etikoaren bidez edo beste praktika espiritual batzuen bidez, askapen espirituala eta gogoetazko logika (marga) bilatzeko<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a>. Haragiztatzeen zikloaren askapena azken helburu espiritualtzat hartzen dute, eta askapena deitzen diote <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">moksha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana">nirvana</a>, mukti eta kaibalia terminoen bidez<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a>. Hala ere, tradizio budista, hindu eta jainista ezberdinak izan dira, antzinatik, beren suposizioetan eta xehetasunetan zer haragitzen den, nola haragitzen den eta zerk eragiten duen askapena<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011272–273-31">[31]</a>. Gilgul, Gilgul neshamot, edo Gilgulei Ha Neshamot (<a href="/wiki/Hebreera" title="Hebreera">hebreeraz</a>, גלגול הנשמות) <a href="/wiki/Kabala" title="Kabala">Kabala</a> judaismoan haragitzearen kontzeptua da, <a href="/wiki/Askenazi" title="Askenazi">Askenaziko</a> juduen artean literatura <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">yiddish</a> askotan aurkitua. Gilgulek zikloa esan nahi du, eta neshamotek arimak. Haragitze kabalistikoak dio gizakiak gizakiekin bakarrik haragitzen direla, Jainkoak besterik aukeratzen ez badu. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Historia">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jatorria">Jatorria</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Jatorria»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Jatorria">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Haragitzearen nozioaren jatorria iluna da<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a>. Gaiari buruzko eztabaida <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indiako</a> tradizio filosofikoetan agertzen da. <a href="/wiki/Filosofo_presokratikoak" title="Filosofo presokratikoak">Presokratiko grekoek</a> haragitzeari buruz hitz egin zuten, eta <a href="/wiki/Druida" title="Druida">druida</a> <a href="/wiki/Zelta" title="Zelta">zeltak</a> haragitzeari buruzko doktrina ere irakatsi zutela diote<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jainismo_goiztiarra,_budismoa_eta_hinduismoa">Jainismo goiztiarra, budismoa eta hinduismoa</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Jainismo goiztiarra, budismoa eta hinduismoa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Jainismo goiztiarra, budismoa eta hinduismoa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Jaiotza- eta heriotza-zikloaren, <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">samsāraren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">askapenaren</a> kontzeptuak, neurri batean, Indian, K.a. lehen milurtekoaren erdialdera sortu ziren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sramana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sramana (sortu gabe)">tradizio aszetikoetatik</a> datoz. Haragitzearen ideiari buruzko lehen testu-erreferentziak <a href="/wiki/Garai_vediko" title="Garai vediko">Vedic aldi berantiarreko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buda" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Buda">Buda</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahaviraren</a> aurrekoa, <a href="/wiki/Rig-veda" title="Rig-veda">Rig-veda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yajurveda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yajurveda (sortu gabe)">Yajurveda</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Upanishad" title="Upanishad">Upanishaden</a> (K.a. 1100– K.a 500) agertzen dira<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a>. Haragitzearen ideiari buruzko lehen testu-erreferentziak Vediko aro berantiarreko <a href="/wiki/Rig-veda" title="Rig-veda">Rig-veda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yajur-veda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yajur-veda (sortu gabe)">Yajur-veda</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Upanishad" title="Upanishad">Upanishadetan</a> agertzen dira (K.a. 1100 - K.a. 500), <a href="/wiki/Buda" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Buda">Buda</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahaviraren</a> aurretik<a href="#cite_note-Izenik_gabekoa_2-20240324200136-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELaumakis2008-36">[36]</a>. Horren froga zuzenik aurkitu ez den arren, <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges haraneko</a> tribuak edo <a href="/wiki/Hegoaldeko_India" title="Hegoaldeko India">India hegoaldeko</a> tradizio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drabidiar_herriak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drabidiar herriak (sortu gabe)">drabidiarrak</a> proposatu dira haragitze sinesmenen beste iturri goiztiartzat<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a>. Lehen <a href="/wiki/Vedismo" title="Vedismo">erlijio vediarretan</a>, dagoeneko bazen haragitzearen, <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">saṁsāra</a>, ideia<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a>. Vedas goiztiarrak <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a> eta pizkundearen doktrina aipatzen du<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890–99-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Upanishad" title="Upanishad">Upanishad</a> goiztiarretan, <a href="/wiki/Buda" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Buda">Buda</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahavira</a> aurrekoetan, garatzen eta deskribatzen dira ideia horiek oro har<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a>. Lehen aldiz, K.a. I. milurtekoaren erdialdean agertzen dira deskribapen zehatzak hainbat tradiziotan, <a href="/wiki/Budismo" title="Budismo">budismoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jainismo" title="Jainismo">jainismoa</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Indiar_filosofia" title="Indiar filosofia">hinduaren filosofiako</a> hainbat eskola barne<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890–99-25">[25]</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sangam_literatura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sangam literatura (sortu gabe)">Sangam literaturak</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> antzinako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamil_literatura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamil literatura (sortu gabe)">tamil literatura</a> konnotatzen du, eta <a href="/wiki/Hegoaldeko_India" title="Hegoaldeko India">Hegoaldeko Indiako</a> lehen literatura ezaguna da. Tamilen tradizioak eta kondairek <a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurairen</a> inguruko hiru topaketa literarioekin lotzen dute. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamil_Zvelebil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamil Zvelebil (sortu gabe)">Kamil Zvelebil</a> tamil literaturako eta historiako jakintsuaren arabera, sangam literaturarako hedadurarik onargarriena K.a. 100etik K.o. 250ra doana da, testuen eta koloreen barruan dauden aipamen linguistiko, prosodiko eta ia historikoetan oinarritua<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKamil_Zvelebil19749–10_with_footnotes-47">[47]</a>. Purananurun ere pizkundea eta <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">moksha</a> aipatzen dira<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a>. Testuak heriotzaren inguruko erritu hinduak azaltzen ditu, hala nola pinda eta errausketa izeneko arroz-bolak egitea. Testuak dio arima onek leku bat lortzen dutela Indralokan, non <a href="/wiki/Indra_(mitologia)" title="Indra (mitologia)">Indrak</a> agurtzen dituen<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a>. Antzinako jainismoaren testuak, aro modernoan biziraun dutenak, <a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahavira</a> ostekoak dira, ziur aski K.a. lehen milurtekoaren azken mendeetakoak, eta pizkunde eta karma doktrinak luze aipatzen dituzte<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-51">[51]</a>. Jaina filosofiak suposatzen du arima (jiva jainismoan; <a href="/wiki/Atman" title="Atman">atman</a> hinduismoan) existitzen dela eta betierekoa dela transmigrazio eta pizkunde zikloetan zehar<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaini1980226–228-52">[52]</a>. Hil ondoren, gorputz berri batean haragitzea berehalakoa dela esaten da Jaina testu goiztiarretan<a href="#cite_note-:3-51">[51]</a>. Metatutako <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karmaren</a> arabera, birjaiotza goi mailako edo behe mailako gorputz batean ematen da, izan zeruan, infernuan edo lurreko erresuman<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaini1980227-228-54">[54]</a>. Gorputz forma bat bera ere ez da iraunkorra; mundu guztia hiltzen da, eta gehiago haragitzen. Haragitzetik askatzea (kevalya) posible da metaketa karmikoekin bukatuz<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a>. Jainismoaren hastapenetatik, gizakia zen izaki hilkor gorena, askapena lortzeko ahalmenarekin, batez ere <a href="/wiki/Aszetismo" title="Aszetismo">aszetismoaren</a> bidez<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a>. Testu budista goiztiarrek birsortzeari buruz hitz egiten dute samsāraren doktrinaren zati gisa. Horrek baieztatzen du existentziaren izaera bizitzaz, heriotzaz eta pizkundeaz zamaturiko ziklo bat dela, hasiera eta amaierarik gabea <a href="#cite_note-:1-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-60">[60]</a>. Existentziaren gurpila ere esaten zaio (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhavacakra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhavacakra (sortu gabe)">Bhavacakra</a>), eta testu budistetan sarri aipatzen da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Punarbhava&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Punarbhava (sortu gabe)">punarbhava</a> (birsortzea, birjaiotzea) hitzarekin. Existentziaren ziklo horretatik askatzea, <a href="/wiki/Nirvana" title="Nirvana">Nirvana</a>, budismoaren oinarria eta helbururik garrantzitsuena da<a href="#cite_note-:1-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a>. Testu budistek diote, halaber, pertsona argiegin batek ezagutzen dituela bere aurreko jaiotzak, meditazio kontzentrazio maila handien bidez lortzen dena<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibeteko</a> budismoak heriotza, bardoa (tarteko estatua) eta pizkundea aztertzen ditu Hildakoen Tibeteko Liburua gisako testuetan. Nirvana Theravadingo budismoaren azken helburutzat irakasten da, eta <a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na" title="Mahāyāna">Mahayanako</a> budismoarentzat funtsezkoa da; gaur egungo budista laiko gehienek, ordea, karma ona metatzea eta hurrengo bizitzan haragitze hobea lortzeko merituak lortzea dute helburu<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a>. Tradizio budista goiztiarretan, <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">Saṃsāra</a> kosmologia bost erresuma osatzen zuten<a href="#cite_note-:1-59">[59]</a>, zeinaren existentziaren gurpilak aro egin batzuen. Horrek <a href="/wiki/Infernu" title="Infernu">infernuak</a> (Nirayak), <a href="/wiki/Mamu" title="Mamu">gose mamuak</a> (pretak), <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">animaliak</a> (tiryakak), <a href="/wiki/Gizaki" title="Gizaki">gizakiak</a> (manushyak), eta <a href="/wiki/Jainko" class="mw-disambig" title="Jainko">jainkoak</a> (devak, zeruko)<a href="#cite_note-:1-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a>. Bigarren tradizio budistetan, zerrenda hau pizkundearen sei erresuma izatera pasa zen, <a href="/wiki/Sasijainko" class="mw-redirect" title="Sasijainko">sasijainkoak</a> gehituz (asurak)<a href="#cite_note-:1-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fundamentuak">Fundamentuak</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Fundamentuak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Fundamentuak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> Testu vedikoaren lehen geruzek bizitzaren kontzeptua hartzen dute, eta, ondoren, <a href="/wiki/Hilondoko_bizitza" title="Hilondoko bizitza">beste bizitza</a> bat zeruan edo infernuan, bertute metatuetan (meritua) edo bizioetan (demeritua) oinarritua<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a>. Hala ere, Vedic rishis zaharrak beste bizitzaren ideia hori desafiatzen zuen, sinplista zelakoan, jendeak ez baitu bizitza moral edo immoralak bizitzen. Bizitza bertutetsuen artean, oro har, batzuk bertutetsuagoak dira; gaizkiak ere baditu mailak, eta testuek diote bidegabea litzatekeela jendeak, bertute edo bizio maila ezberdinekin, zeruan edo infernuan amaitzea, edo neurriz kanpoko modu batean haien bizitza zein bertutetsu edo bizioso izan den kontuan hartu gabe<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJessica_FrazierGavin_Flood201184–86-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a>. Zeruan edo infernuan, beste bizitza baten ideia sartu zuten, norberaren merezimenduaren arabera<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alderaketa">Alderaketa</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Alderaketa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Alderaketa">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Hinduismoaren_historia" title="Hinduismoaren historia">Hinduismoaren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budismoaren_historia" title="Budismoaren historia">budismoaren</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Jainismo" title="Jainismo">jainismoaren</a> lehen testuek karagitzearekin lotutako kontzeptuak eta terminologia partekatzen dituzte<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a>. Era berean, antzeko praktika bertutetsuak eta <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a> azpimarratzen dituzte, askapenerako beharrezkoak direnak eta etorkizuneko birjaiotzetan eragina dutenak<a href="#cite_note-Izenik_gabekoa_2-20240324200136-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a>. Adibidez, hirurek hainbat bertute eztabaidatzen dituzte —batzuetan Yamak eta Niyamak izenez taldekatuak— hala nola indarkeriarik eza, egiatasuna, lapurretarik eza, jabetzarik eza, izaki bizidun guztienganako errukia, karitatea eta beste asko<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a>. Hinduismoa, budismoa eta jainismoa ez datoz bat birjaiotzeari buruz dituzten uste eta teorietan. Hinduismoa bere oinarrizko suposizioan oinarritzen da, hots, arima, nia (atman edo attā) existitzen dela, budismoak, berriz, arimarik, niarik (anatta edo anatman) ez dagoela uste du<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> Euskaltzaindiaren hiztegia, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/index.php?option=com_hiztegianbilatu&task=bilaketa&Itemid=1693&lang=eu&nondik=0&zenbat=50&non=sarreraBuruaStrict&query=haragitze&subcMota=&pos=&usgDomain=&usgGeo=&usgBeste=&usgReg=">haragitze</a>, Euskaltzaindia </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> Euskaltzaindiaren hitegia, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/index.php?option=com_hiztegianbilatu&task=bilaketa&Itemid=1693&lang=eu&nondik=0&zenbat=50&entryId=21530&query=haragiztatze">haragiztatze</a>, Euskaltzaindia </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> (Ingelesez) McClelland, Norman C.. (2018-10-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S_Leq4U5ihkC">Encyclopedia of Reincarnation and Karma. </a> McFarland <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-0-7864-5675-8" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-0-7864-5675-8">978-0-7864-5675-8</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Juergensmeyer, Mark; Roof, Wade Clark. (2011-10-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WwJzAwAAQBAJ">Encyclopedia of Global Religion. </a> SAGE Publications <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-1-4522-6656-5" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-1-4522-6656-5">978-1-4522-6656-5</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011271–272-5">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011271–272_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011271–272_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011271–272_5-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFJuergensmeyerRoof2011">Juergensmeyer & Roof 2011</a>, 271–272 orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Laumakis, Stephen J.. (2008-02-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_29ZDAcUEwYC">An Introduction to Buddhist Philosophy. </a> Cambridge University Press <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-1-139-46966-1" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-1-139-46966-1">978-1-139-46966-1</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> Rita M. Gross. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/buddhismafterpat00gros">Buddhism after patriarchy. </a> State University of New York Press <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-0-7914-1404-0" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-0-7914-1404-0">978-0-7914-1404-0</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Flood&oldid=1181668489">Gavin Flood. </a> 2023-10-24 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> Gananath Obeyesekere, Imagining Karma: Ethical Transformation in Amerindian, Buddhist, and Greek Rebirth. University of California Press, 2002, p. 15 </li> <li id="cite_note-Izenik_gabekoa-20240324200136-10">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Izenik_gabekoa-20240324200136_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Izenik_gabekoa-20240324200136_10-1">b</a> see Charles Taliaferro, Paul Draper, Philip L. Quinn, A Companion to Philosophy of Religion. John Wiley and Sons, 2010, p. 640, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SSCx-67Tk6cC&dq=reincarnation+and+rebirth&pg=PA640">Google Books</a> Archived 2022-12-12 at the Wayback Machine </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rosicrucian.com/rcl/rcleng01.htm">«The Rosicrucian Christianity Lectures, Lecture 1 - 3»</a> www.rosicrucian.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> An important recent work discussing the mutual influence of ancient Greek and Indian philosophy regarding these matters is The Shape of Ancient Thought by Thomas McEvilley </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> (Norvegieraz [bokmål]) Haraldsson, Erlendur. (2006-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1027/1901-2276.58.2.171">«Popular psychology, belief in life after death and reincarnation in the Nordic countries, Western and Eastern Europe»</a> Nordic Psychology 58 (2): 171–180.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1027%2F1901-2276.58.2.171">10.1027/1901-2276.58.2.171</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1901-2276">1901-2276</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/reincarnation">«Reincarnation | Definition & Facts | Britannica»</a> www.britannica.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKeown201335–40-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKeown201335–40_15-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFKeown2013">Keown 2013</a>, 35–40 orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> Christopher Key Chapple (2006). Jainism and Ecology: Nonviolence in the Web of Life. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 39. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-2045-6" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-81-208-2045-6">ISBN <bdi>978-81-208-2045-6</bdi></a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a> Oxford Dictionaries (2016). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140105185254/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/transmigrate">Transmigration</a>". Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 5 January 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161021185849/http://www.goedelexhibition.at/goedel/goedel.html">«Gödel Exhibition: Gödel's Century»</a> web.archive.org 2016-10-21 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/metempsychosis">«metempsychosis | Etymology of metempsychosis by etymonline»</a> www.etymonline.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> Huffman, Carl. (2024). Zalta, Edward N. ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2024/entries/pythagoras/">«Pythagoras»</a> The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University) (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110419232238/http://hinduism.iskcon.com/concepts/102.htm">«Heart of Hinduism: Reincarnation and Samsara»</a> web.archive.org 2011-04-19 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-22">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-1">b</a> Monier Monier-Williams (1872). A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. p. 582. </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Calgary), Calgary Conference on Karma and Rebirth, Post-Classical Developments (1982 : University of. (1986-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iaRWtgXjplQC&pg=PA106">Karma and Rebirth: Post Classical Developments. </a> SUNY Press <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-0-87395-990-2" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-0-87395-990-2">978-0-87395-990-2</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> Thomas William Rhys Davids; William Stede (1921). Pali-English Dictionary. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 95, 144, 151, 361, 475. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788120811447" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-208-1144-7</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890–99-25">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890–99_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890–99_25-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890–99_25-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFLaumakis2008">Laumakis 2008</a>, 90–99 orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFJohn_Bowker2014">John Bowker, 2014</a>, or. 84–85 Gavin Flood (2010), Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism (Editor: Knut Jacobsen), Volume II, Brill, <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-90-04-17893-9" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-90-04-17893-9">ISBN 978-90-04-17893-9</a>, pp. 881–884 </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> Klostermaier, Klaus. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1398681">«Mokṣa and Critical Theory»</a> Philosophy East and West 35 (1): 61–71.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1398681">10.2307/1398681</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0031-8221">0031-8221</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Thomas, Norman E.. (1988-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/009182968801600202">«Liberation for Life: A Hindu Liberation Philosophy»</a> Missiology: An International Review 16 (2): 149–162.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F009182968801600202">10.1177/009182968801600202</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0091-8296">0091-8296</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-12). </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> Gerhard Oberhammer (1994), La Délivrance dès cette vie: Jivanmukti, Collège de France, Publications de l'Institut de Civilisation Indienne. Série in-8°, Fasc. 61, Édition-Diffusion de Boccard (Paris), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-86803-061-0" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-2-86803-061-0">ISBN 978-2-86803-061-0</a>, pp. 1–9 </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> Obeyesekere, Gananath (2005). Wendy Doniger (ed.). Karma and Rebirth: A Cross Cultural Study. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 1–2, 108, 126–128. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788120826090" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-208-2609-0</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011272–273-31"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJuergensmeyerRoof2011272–273_31-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFJuergensmeyerRoof2011">Juergensmeyer & Roof 2011</a>, 272–273 orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> Irving Steiger Cooper (1920). Reincarnation: The Hope of the World. Theosophical Society in America. p. 15 </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pythagoras&oldid=1204590840">Pythagoras. </a> 2024-02-07 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-13). </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a> Flood, Gavin. Olivelle, Patrick. 2003. The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism. Malden: Blackwell. pp. 273–274. "K.a. lehen milurtekoaren bigarren erdian sortu ziren indiar erlijioen ezaugarri ziren elementu ideologiko eta instituzional asko. Indioen historia erlijiosoaren prestakuntza aldi honetan, uko egin zion tradizioari... Oro har, Indiako erlijioekin lotzen ditugun funtsezko balio eta sinesmenetako batzuk, eta hinduismoarekin bereziki, tradizio ukatzailearen sorrera izan ziren neurri batean. Horien artean, Indiako teologien bi zutabeak daude: samsara —mundu honetako bizitza sufrimenduzkoa eta heriotza eta jaiotza errepikatuen mendekoa delako ustea (birjaiotza); moksa/nirvana— giza existentziaren helburua... </li> <li id="cite_note-Izenik_gabekoa_2-20240324200136-35">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Izenik_gabekoa_2-20240324200136_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Izenik_gabekoa_2-20240324200136_35-1">b</a> Keown, Damien (2013). Buddhism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. pp. 28, 32–38. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780199663835" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-966383-5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELaumakis2008-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaumakis2008_36-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLaumakis2008">Laumakis 2008</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> Gavin D. Flood, An Introduction to Hinduism, Cambridge University Press (1996), UK <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-43878-0" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/0-521-43878-0">ISBN 0-521-43878-0</a> p. 86 – "A third alternative is that the origin of transmigration theory lies outside of vedic or sramana traditions in the tribal religions of the Ganges valley, or even in Dravidian traditions of south India." </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a> (Ingelesez) www.wisdomlib.org. (2021-08-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/rig-veda-english-translation/d/doc839140.html">«Rig Veda 10.58.1 [English translation</a>»] www.wisdomlib.org (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-13). </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a> A.M. Boyer: "Etude sur l'origine de la doctrine du samsara." Journal Asiatique, (1901), Volume 9, Issue 18, S. 451–453, 459–468 </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> Yuvraj Krishan: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1997, <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788120812338" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-208-1233-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a> R.D.Ranade (1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/A.Constructive.Survey.of.Upanishadic.Philosophy.by.R.D.Ranade.1926.djvu/A.Constructive.Survey.of.Upanishadic.Philosophy.by.R.D.Ranade.1926#page/n181/mode/2up">A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy</a>. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 147–148.<q>Han badakigu, jakina, ereserki osoa izpiritu abandonatu bati zuzenduta dagoela, eta <a href="/wiki/Rig-veda" title="Rig-veda">Rig-vedako</a> ereserkiaren poetak dio arima abandonatua gogora ekarriko duela, berriro itzuli eta bizi dadin.</q> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a> Atsushi Hayakawa (2014). Circulation of Fire in the Veda. LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 66–67, 101–103 with footnotes. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9783643904720" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-643-90472-0</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890-43"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaumakis200890_43-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLaumakis2008">Laumakis 2008</a>, 90 orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> A.M. Boyer (1901), "Etude sur l'origine de la doctrine du samsara", Journal Asiatique, Volume 9, Issue 18, pp. 451–453, 459–468 </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> Vallee Pussin (1917). The way to Nirvana: six lectures on ancient Buddhism as a discipline of salvation. Cambridge University Press. pp. 24–25 </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> K Kailasapathy (1968). Tamil Heroic Poetry. Clarendon Press. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780198154341" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-815434-1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKamil_Zvelebil19749–10_with_footnotes-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKamil_Zvelebil19749–10_with_footnotes_47-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFKamil_Zvelebil1974">Kamil Zvelebil 1974</a>, 9–10 with footnotes orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetrynook.com/poem/purananuru-part-134">«Poem: Purananuru - Part 134 by George L. III Hart»</a> www.poetrynook.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-13). </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetrynook.com/poem/purananuru-part-241">«Poem: Purananuru - Part 241 by George L. III Hart»</a> www.poetrynook.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-13). </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a> Jaini, Padmanabh (1980). Wendy Doniger (ed.). <a href="//archive.org/details/bub_gb_4WZTj3M71y0C" class="extiw" title="iarchive:bub gb 4WZTj3M71y0C">Karma and Rebirth in Classical Indian Traditions</a>. University of California Press. pp. 217–236. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780520039230" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-520-03923-0</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-51">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_51-1">b</a> Paul Dundas (2003). The Jains. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routledge" class="extiw" title="en:Routledge">Routledge</a>. pp. 14–16, 102–105. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780415266055" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-415-26605-5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaini1980226–228-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaini1980226–228_52-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFJaini1980">Jaini 1980</a>, 226–228 orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a> Kristi L. Wiley (2009). The A to Z of Jainism. Scarecrow. p. 186. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780810863378" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8108-6337-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJaini1980227-228-54"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJaini1980227-228_54-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFJaini1980">Jaini 1980</a>, 227-228 orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a> Paul Dundas (2003). The Jains. Routledge. pp. 104–105. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780415266055" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-415-26605-5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> Jeffery D Long (2013). Jainism: An Introduction. I.B.Tauris. pp. 36–37. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780857736567" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-85773-656-7</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> Paul Dundas (2003). The Jains. Routledge. pp. 55–59. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780415266055" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-415-26605-5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> John E. Cort (2001). Jains in the World: Religious Values and Ideology in India. Oxford University Press. pp. 118–119. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780198030379" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-803037-9</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-59">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_59-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_59-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_59-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_59-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_59-4">e</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780195393521/obo-9780195393521-0141.xml">«Saṃsāra and Rebirth»</a> obo  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fobo%2F9780195393521-0141">10.1093/obo/9780195393521-0141</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-15). </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-60">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_60-1">b</a> Trainor, Kevin (2004). Buddhism: The Illustrated Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 62–63. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780195173987" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-517398-7</a>; Quote: "Buddhist doctrine holds that until they realize nirvana, beings are bound to undergo rebirth and redeath due to their having acted out of ignorance and desire, thereby producing the seeds of karma </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a> Trainor, Kevin (2004). Buddhism: The Illustrated Guide. Oxford University Press. pp. 62–63. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780195173987" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-517398-7</a>; Quote: "Buddhist doctrine holds that until they realize nirvana, beings are bound to undergo rebirth and redeath due to their having acted out of ignorance and desire, thereby producing the seeds of karma" </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a> Edward Conze (2013). Buddhist Thought in India: Three Phases of Buddhist Philosophy. Routledge. p. 71. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-54231-4" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-1-134-54231-4">ISBN <bdi>978-1-134-54231-4</bdi></a>. <q>Nirvana is the raison d'être of Buddhism, and its ultimate justification.</q> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> Paul Williams, Anthony Tribe, Buddhist thought: a complete introduction to the Indian tradition. Routledge, 2000, p. 84 </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a> Merv Fowler (1999). Buddhism: Beliefs and Practices. Sussex Academic Press. p. 65. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-898723-66-0" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-1-898723-66-0">ISBN <bdi>978-1-898723-66-0</bdi></a>. <q>For a vast majority of Buddhists in Theravadin countries, however, the order of monks is seen by lay Buddhists as a means of gaining the most merit in the hope of accumulating good karma for a better rebirth.</q> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a> Christopher Gowans (2004). Philosophy of the Buddha: An Introduction. Routledge. p. 169. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9781134469734" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-134-46973-4</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a> Robert DeCaroli (2004). Haunting the Buddha: Indian Popular Religions and the Formation of Buddhism. Oxford University Press. pp. 94–103. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780198037651" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-803765-1</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a> Akira Sadakata (1997). Buddhist Cosmology: Philosophy and Origins. Kōsei Publishing 佼成出版社, Tokyo. pp. 68–70. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9784333016822" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-4-333-01682-2</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a> James Hastings; John Alexander Selbie; Louis Herbert Gray (1922). <a href="//archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.500005" class="extiw" title="iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.500005">Volume 12: Suffering-Zwingli</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_of_Religion_and_Ethics" class="extiw" title="en:Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics">Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics</a>. T. & T. Clark. pp. 616–618 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJessica_FrazierGavin_Flood201184–86-69"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJessica_FrazierGavin_Flood201184–86_69-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFJessica_FrazierGavin_Flood2011">Jessica Frazier & Gavin Flood 2011</a>, 84–86 orr. . </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a> Kusum P. Merh (1996). Yama, the Glorious Lord of the Other World. Penguin. pp. 213–215. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788124600665" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-246-0066-5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a> Anita Raina Thapan (2006). The Penguin Swami Chinmyananda Reader. Penguin Books. pp. 84–90. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780144000623" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-14-400062-3</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> Jessica Frazier; Gavin Flood (2011). The Continuum Companion to Hindu Studies. Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 84–86. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780826499660" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8264-9966-0</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a> Patrul Rinpoche; Dalai Lama (1998). The Words of My Perfect Teacher: A Complete Translation of a Classic Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism. Rowman Altamira. pp. 95–96. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780761990277" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7619-9027-7</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a> Yuvraj Krishan (1997). The Doctrine of Karma: Its Origin and Development in Brāhmaṇical, Buddhist, and Jaina Traditions. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 17–27. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9788120812338" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-81-208-1233-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Williams, Paul; Tribe, Anthony; Wynne, Alexander. (2012-03-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NOLfCgAAQBAJ">Buddhist Thought: A Complete Introduction to the Indian Tradition. </a> Routledge <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/978-1-136-52088-4" title="Berezi:BookSources/978-1-136-52088-4">978-1-136-52088-4</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-16). </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> Michael D. Coogan (2003). The Illustrated Guide to World Religions. Oxford University Press. p. 192. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9780195219975" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-521997-5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">↑</a> David Carpenter; Ian Whicher (2003). Yoga: The Indian Tradition. Routledge. p. 116. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9781135796068" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-135-79606-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a> Rita Langer (2007). Buddhist Rituals of Death and Rebirth: Contemporary Sri Lankan Practice and Its Origins. Routledge. pp. 53–54. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9781134158737" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-134-15873-7</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a> Christmas Humphreys (2012). Exploring Buddhism. Routledge. pp. 42–43. <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/9781136228773" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-136-22877-3</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a> Brian Morris (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PguGB_uEQh4C&pg=PA51">Religion and Anthropology: A Critical Introduction</a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-85241-8" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-85241-8">ISBN <bdi>978-0-521-85241-8</bdi></a>. <q>(...) "anatta niarik ezaren doktrina da, eta muturreko doktrina enpirikoa da, zeinak baitauka norbera iraunkor aldaezinaren adigaia fikzioa dela eta errealitaterik ez duela. Doktrina budistaren arabera, pertsona indibidualak bost skandha edo pilo ditu: gorputza, sentimenduak, pertzepzioak, bulkadak eta kontzientzia. Norberarengan edo ariman sinestea, bost skandha gainean, ilusiozkoa da eta sofrimenduaren kausa.</q> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> Richard Gombrich (2006). Theravada Buddhism. Routledge. p. 47. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-90352-8" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-1-134-90352-8">ISBN <bdi>978-1-134-90352-8</bdi></a>. <q>(...) Budak irakasten du izakiek ez dutela arimarik, ez eta esentzia ukatzailerik ere. Arimarik gabeko doktrina hori (anatta-vada) bere bigarren sermoian azaldu zuen.</q> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/topic/anatta">Anatta</a> Archived 2015-12-10 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia Britannica (2013), Quote: "Anatta budismoan, gizakiengan arima iraunkor eta azpikorik ez dagoela dioen doktrina. Anatta edo anatman kontzeptua atman (norbera) sineskera hinduaren irteera bat da. </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> Steven Collins (1994), Religion and Practical Reason (Editors: Frank Reynolds, David Tracy), State Univ of New York Press, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-2217-5" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-2217-5">ISBN 978-0-7914-2217-5</a>, p. 64; "Soteriologia budistaren erdigunea norberarik ezaren doktrina da (Pali: Anatt￮ sanskritoa: Anātman: Ātman-en aurkako doktrina funtsezkoa da pentsamendu brahmanikoarentzat). Labur esanda, hauxe da doktrina hau: gizakiek ez dute arimarik, ez norberarik, ez zerizan aldaezinik. </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a> (Ingelesez) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3uwDAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA2">The Brīhād Aranyaka Upanishad and the Commentary of Sankara Acharya on Its First Chapter. </a> Society for the Resuscitation of Indian Literature 1908 (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-16). </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://philosophynow.org/issues/97/Is_The_Buddhist_No-Self_Doctrine_Compatible_With_Pursuing_Nirvana">«Is The Buddhist ‘No-Self’ Doctrine Compatible With Pursuing Nirvana? | Issue 97 | Philosophy Now»</a> philosophynow.org (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-16). </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> (Ingelesez) Loy, David. (1982-02-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pdcnet.org/pdc/bvdb.nsf/purchase?openform&fp=ipq&id=ipq_1982_0022_0001_0065_0074">«Enlightenment in Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta: Are Nirvana and Moksha the Same?»</a> International Philosophical Quarterly 22 (1): 65–74.  <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5840%2Fipq19822217">10.5840/ipq19822217</a>. (Noiz kontsultatua: 2024-02-16). </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> KN Jayatilleke (2010), Early Buddhist Theory of Knowledge, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0619-1" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0619-1">ISBN 978-81-208-0619-1</a>, pp. 246–249, from note 385 onwards; </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a> John C. Plott et al (2000), Global History of Philosophy: The Axial Age, Volume 1, Motilal Banarsidass, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0158-5" class="extiw" title="en:Special:BookSources/978-81-208-0158-5">ISBN 978-81-208-0158-5</a>, p. 63, Quote: "Eskola budistek Ātman kontzeptua baztertzen dute. Esan dugun bezala, hinduismoaren eta budismoaren arteko oinarrizko bereizketa da hau." </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">aldatu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haragitze&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak">aldatu iturburu kodea</a>]</div> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control,.mw-parser-output .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div 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