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tag-socioeconomic-factors" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <div class="featured-image page-header-image-single "> <img width="1200" height="628" src="https://thepharma.net/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image-_23_-min-scaled-e1725960203661.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /> </div> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">Generic Medicines in the Treatment of Chronic Conditions</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="updated" datetime="2024-09-10T14:53:36+05:30" itemprop="dateModified">September 10, 2024</time><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-10T14:13:41+05:30" itemprop="datePublished">September 10, 2024</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://thepharma.net/archive/author/thepharma/" title="View all posts by thepharma" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">thepharma</span></a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Chronic conditions are illnesses like diabetes, hypertension, and mental health disorders that millions of people suffer from globally. Most of these conditions require long-term medication, which can be very expensive. Generic medicines present a cheaper equivalent to branded drugs. Hence, presumably, they will decrease healthcare costs without compromising the effectiveness of treatment. Though generics have apparent benefits, the degree to which they are adopted and used is incredibly variable around the world. This depends on many factors, including patient perceptions, physician attitudes, and regulatory policies at the country level. This paper reviews the contribution that generic drugs can make in the management of some important chronic diseases, using research evidence from different parts of the world to delineate the challenges and opportunities for promoting generics.</span></p> <h3><b>The Role of Generic Medicines</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Generic medicines play a vital role in modern health systems. They are an inexpensive treatment for chronic conditions and are thought to have the same active ingredients and quality standards as branded medicines. The key difference is related to pricing; namely, the generics are much cheaper. This cost differential may be extremely helpful to patients with chronic conditions where ongoing medication is required.</span></p> <h3><b>Patient Perceptions and Beliefs</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Patient perception and belief towards the use of generic drugs often influence their uptake. There is a study from the UAE that shows many patients had negative beliefs pertaining to the usage of generic drugs, as most of them believed that generics were less effective and offered more side effects than branded drugs. These perceptions were influenced by factors such as gender, age, education level, and income. Similarly, in Yemen, patients exhibited an overall ignorance of generics. A small percentage responded to the fact that generics are as potent as branded medicines. These misconceptions usually arise from an unaware and ill-educated public about the safety and effectiveness of equivalents between the two.</span></p> <h3><b>Physician Attitudes and Prescription Practices</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Physicians are opinion leaders, and they have the best influence on patients decisions and behaviors with regards to the use of generic drugs. Surprisingly, however, several studies have reported ambivalence among healthcare professionals. For example, physicians from Lebanon indicated a strong preference for prescribing branded drugs rather than generics. This preference did not differ across age groups or even among different years of experience. Lack of therapeutic equivalence and harmful or irritating excipients were the primary reasons for distrusting generic drugs.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A study in Jordan, however, reported higher rates of generic prescribing among younger physicians and more experienced doctors. Physicians willingness to prescribe generics was influenced by a variety of factors, including the age and years of practice of the physician and the presence of medical representatives promoting branded drugs. These findings have implications for the potential impact of focused educational campaigns and policy interventions on increasing physicians acceptance and prescription of generic medicines.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Yearwise Publication Trend on <b>“<a href="https://thepharma.net/publication-trends/index/generic medicine" target="_blank" title="generic medicine - yearwise publication trends">generic medicine</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div><div class="results-container"><div class="chart-block" style="padding:15px;"> <div class="left"> <div id="results" class="results"></div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="chart-container"><canvas id="publicationChart"></canvas></div> </div> <div class="keywordsdiv"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publication trends on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-stats"></span> </div> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"><style> table { margin: 0 0 1.5em; 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if (!statistics || Object.keys(statistics).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var tableHTML = `<div class='pub-scroll'> <table class='tablediv' border='1' cellspacing='0' cellpadding='0'> <tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Publication Count</th> </tr>`; Object.entries(statistics).sort(([yearA], [yearB]) => yearB - yearA).forEach(([year, count]) => { const displayCount = count === 0 ? 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It is observed in the U.S. that greater utilization of generic drugs is found among low-income groups compared to their counterparts in high-income groups. Hence, this presents the critical role that generics could play in improving access to medications among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Similarly, in Lebanon, financial constraints were one of the major reasons for not seeking healthcare on time; hence, affordable prices of generics are very essential for the proper functioning of the healthcare system.</span></p> <h3><b>Generics in the Therapy of Mental Disorders</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Mental disorders, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, need long-term pharmacotherapy. Generics of antipsychotic medications, such as olanzapine, make pharmacological intervention more available and more affordable for a patient. Data from the studies conducted among the population of medical clients in the United States showed that most patients initiated treatment with generic olanzapine. This means that factors that included age, geographic locality, and healthcare utilization in the past were independent predictors of the probability of switching from branded to generic olanzapine. The results demonstrate the potential of generics to improve accessibility to treatment and treatment adherence in mental health care.</span></p> <h3><b>Regulatory Policies and Promotion of Generic Medicines</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Government policies are very important in promoting generic uptake. In China, this NVBP scheme made the prices of many generic drugs reach pocket-friendly levels for the general population. This policy increased the proportion of affordable drugs in rural and urban areas and thus improved medication affordability. Initiatives like these, through regulatory policies, can become models for other countries looking to improve the accessibility and affordability of generic medicines.</span></p> <h3><b>Educational Interventions to Improve Perceptions</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Educational interventions are important in changing negative perceptions and increasing the acceptance of generic medicines. A study in Japan showed that there was a more significant change in perceptions towards generics, with potential cost savings over five years versus monthly savings. Tailored educational campaigns that address specific misconceptions and delineate generics could go a long way in increasing their acceptance amongst patients and healthcare providers.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Recent Publications on <b>“<a href="https://thepharma.net/recent-publications/index/generic medicine" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="generic medicine - yearwise publication list">generic medicine</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div> <div class="pb-main"><div class="article-scroll"><div id="results_recent" class="results"></div></div><div class="keywordsdiv" style="margin: 0px 15px;margin-top:20px;"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publications on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-papers"></span> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"> <style> .pb-main{ border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .author-main { border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .publication-block { padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: left; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .publication-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #000!important; } .publication-block a { font-size: 16px !important; line-height: 1em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; color: #000; padding: 0px; } .publication-block a:hover{ color: #227cdc; text-decoration:underline; } .article-scroll { max-height: 445px; overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-track { -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background-color: #ababab; border-radius:30px; } .publication-block p { margin-bottom: .5em; font-size: 15px; color: #000; } h3 { font-size: 18px !important; margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 1.2em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; } a { padding: 5px; color: #a71c49; } #keyword-papers{ margin-top: 20px; text-align: center; } </style> <script> function decodeString(str) { str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); return str; } function displayResults_recent(papers) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_recent'); if (!papers || papers.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No recent publications found.</p>'; return; } papers.forEach(paper => { var publicationBlock = document.createElement('div'); publicationBlock.className = 'publication-block'; var title_de = decodeString(paper.title); var publicationHTML = ` <div style="margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;"><a href="${paper.url}" target="_blank" title="${title_de}">${title_de}</a></div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> ${paper.publishedDate}</p> `; publicationBlock.innerHTML = publicationHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(publicationBlock); }); } function displayKeywordPapers(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-papers'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://thepharma.net/recent-publications/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - publication list">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var recent_papers = [ { "title": "Investigating Combination Therapy as a Means to Enhance Activity and Repurpose Antimicrobials.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38949699", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Adaptation and content validation of measure yourself medical outcomes profile (MYMOP) for 7-11\u00a0year-old children.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38874698", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "A conceptual framework to build effective medicine pricing policies for low and middle-income countries (LMICs).", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38908991", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Effectiveness and safety of GnRH antagonist originator and generic in real-world clinical practice: a retrospective cohort study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38948522", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Taste Sensor Assessment of Bitterness in Medicines: Overview and Recent Topics.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39123846", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Intranasal neomycin evokes broad-spectrum antiviral immunity in the upper respiratory tract.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38648490", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Synthetic polypeptides using a biologic as a reference medicinal product - the European landscape of regulatory approvals.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38681047", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Prescription-based cost analysis of medicines for cardiovascular risk factors at Indian Council of Medical Research-Rational Use of Medicine Centre Hospitals of India.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38687313", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Explaining why increases in generic use outpace decreases in brand name medicine use in multisource markets and the role of regulation.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38696520", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Redefining Health Care Data Interoperability: Empirical Exploration of Large Language Models in Information Exchange.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38819879", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Trends in antihypertensive use among privately insured hypertensive clients in Ghana.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38168617", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "An assessment of the index of rational drug prescribing for severe acute respiratory infections among hospitalised children in Northern Nigeria: a retrospective study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38334431", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Towards Automation in 3D Cell Culture: Selective and Gentle High-Throughput Handling of Spheroids and Organoids via Novel Pick-Flow-Drop Principle.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38265410", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Determining topical product bioequivalence with stimulated Raman scattering microscopy.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38346503", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "US Generic Antiseizure Medication Supply Chain: Observations from Analysis of US Government Databases.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38354597", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Wheel Replacing Pyramid: Better Paradigm Representing Totality of Evidence-Based Medicine.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38435471", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Access to essential medicines for diabetes care: availability, price, and affordability in central Ethiopia.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38584277", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Physical Exercise in Kidney Renal Recipients: Where Have We Come?", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38934158", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Multi-objective context-guided consensus of a massive array of techniques for the inference of Gene Regulatory Networks.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39013340", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Facilitators and Barriers in the Implementation and Adoption of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurements in Daily Practice.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38852667", "publishedDate": "2024" } ]; var keywordsArray = ["Generic medicines","chronic conditions","healthcare","patient perceptions","physician attitudes","regulatory policies","mental health","socioeconomic factors","and educational interventions"]; displayResults_recent(recent_papers); displayKeywordPapers(keywordsArray); // function stripslashes(str) { // if (typeof str === 'string') { // return str.replace(/\/g, ''); // } // } </script></p> <h3><b>Challenges and Opportunities</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Despite obvious benefits, there are many challenges to the wide acceptance and use of generics. This relates to continuous public misconceptions about their effectiveness and safety, a lack of belief by health professionals, and poor regulatory support in some areas. On the other hand, these challenges open opportunities for targeted interventions in improving regulatory frameworks, public and professional education, and the promotion of successful case studies as ways to drive the adoption of generic medicines.</span></p> <h3><b>Conclusion</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Generic medicines can, therefore, play a critical role in chronic disease management by providing more affordable versions of branded drugs. Strategies targeted at these barriers through education, pro-generic policies, and selective information campaigns can greatly improve uptake. Better health outcomes will be the result, and thus this will contribute toward a more feasible and accessible healthcare system.</span></p> <p></p> <h3><b>References</b></h3> <ol> <li>Hatem, G., Navasardyan, N., Lahoud, E., Awada, S., Itani, R., Ajrouche, R. and Goossens, M., 2023. <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/17411343221107569">Predictors of substitution to generic drugs and physicians’ perceived exclusivity of substitution: a cross sectional survey among physicians</a>. <i>Journal of Generic Medicines</i>, <i>19</i>(1), pp.23-32.</li> <li>Hatem G, Mcheik F, Goossens M, Awada S. <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/17411343211056249?journalCode=jgma">Evaluation of the knowledge and perception of the Lebanese physicians toward generics and barriers to their prescription: A cross-sectional survey.</a> Journal of Generic Medicines. 2022;18(3):168-175. doi:10.1177/17411343211056249</li> <li>Hajleh, M.N.A., Ali, A.S., Aloosi, Z., Abuhamdan, R., Naimat, S.A., Abdelfattah, L. and Al-Halaseh, L., 2021. <a href="https://japsonline.com/admin/php/uploads/3429_pdf.pdf">Factors affecting purchasing behaviors of generic drugs versus originator counterparts in Jordan</a>. <i>Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science</i>, <i>11</i>(9), pp.009-017.</li> <li>Guella, I., Hassan, N., Shahwan, M., Al-Worafi, Y.M. and Alkhoujah, S., 2021. <a href="https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:rjpt&volume=14&issue=6&article=071">Patients’ beliefs towards generic medicines in The United Arab Emirates.</a> <i>Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology</i>, <i>14</i>(6), pp.3343-3346.</li> <li>Uctu R. <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/17411343211008948?journalCode=jgma">Use of generic medicines in the Middle East: Knowledge, perceptions and experiences of the Sulaimani population, KRI, Iraq</a>. Journal of Generic Medicines. 2021;17(4):206-213. doi:10.1177/17411343211008948</li> <li> <div class="citation-text">Mishuk AU, Chen L, Li C, Huo N, Hansen RA, Harris I, Kiptanui Z, Qian J. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33507825/">Patient factors associated with oral generic olanzapine initiation and substitution among Medicaid beneficiaries: a new user cohort study.</a> Curr Med Res Opin. 2021 Apr;37(4):655-664. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2021.1882413. Epub 2021 Feb 18. PMID: 33507825.</div> </li> <li>Al-Worafi, Y.M., Alseragi, W.M., Alakhali, K.M., Ming, L.C., Othman, G., Halboup, A.M., Alshahrani, S.M., Alshakhshir, S.M., Al-Shami, A.M., Ali, M. and Adam, M., 2020. <a href="https://www.jppcm.org/article/2020/6/4/53-56">Knowledge, beliefs and factors affecting the use of generic medicines among patients in Ibb, Yemen: A mixed-method study.</a> <i>Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine</i>, <i>6</i>(4).</li> <li> <div class="citation-text">Soubra R, Hlais S, Houmani N, Ghandour L, El Haj Hassan R, Joujou M, Shaarani I. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33944640/">Health seeking behaviour among Lebanese population: A highlight on seeking care from pharmacists.</a> Eur J Gen Pract. 2021 Dec;27(1):51-59. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2021.1917541. PMID: 33944640; PMCID: PMC8816400.</div> <div class="citation-actions"></div> </li> </ol> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Top Experts on “<b style="color:#000;font-size:22px;">generic medicine</b>“</h2> </div> </div><div class="author-main"><div id="results_author"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a class="register-button" href="https://thepharma.net/expert-search" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find experts on any field</a></div></div><div class="inside-article" style="background: none;border: none;box-shadow: none;margin-top: -70px;"> <style> .author-block { padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: left; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.2; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .author-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #227cdc; } .author-block p { margin: 5px 0; } .author-b { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom:10px; } .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 30%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; background: #dcdcdc; padding: 7px 14px; border-radius: 5px; margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 10px; } @media (max-width: 768px) { .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 100%; margin: 10px 0; } } </style> <script> function displayResults_author(authors) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_author'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!authors || Object.keys(authors).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No authors found.</p>'; return; } Object.values(authors).slice(0, 10).forEach(author => { if (author.affiliation.length > 400) { return; } var authorBlock = document.createElement('div'); authorBlock.className = 'author-block'; var author_name=author.name; let key_replace = author_name.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); var authorHTML = ` <h3><a href="https://thepharma.net/author/index/${key_replace}\/${author.aid}" target="_blank" title="${author.name}">${author.name}</a></h3> <div class="author-b"> <div class="ainfo"><strong>H-Index:</strong> ${author.hindex}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Publication Count:</strong> ${author.paper_count}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Citation Count:</strong> ${author.citation_count}</div> </div> <p><strong>Affiliation:</strong> ${author.affiliation}</p> `; authorBlock.innerHTML = authorHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(authorBlock); }); } function displayKeywordAuthors(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-authors'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach(key => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://thepharma.net/expert-search/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key}">${key}</a>`; }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var authors_data = { "5ncXK4wBWBy50K-rBTiE": { "aid": "5ncXK4wBWBy50K-rBTiE", "name": "Akihiko Ozaki", "citation_count": 1864, "hindex": 23, "paper_count": 258, "affiliation": "Research Center for Community Health, Minamisoma Municipal General Hospital, Minamisoma, Fukushima, Japan; Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan. 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