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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Writings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Writings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lectures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lectures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Lectures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lectures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li 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aria-controls="toc-Awards_and_recognition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Awards and recognition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Ingeborg_Bachmann_Prize" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Ingeborg_Bachmann_Prize"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>The Ingeborg Bachmann Prize</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Ingeborg_Bachmann_Prize-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>In film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Poetry_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poetry_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Poetry collections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poetry_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio_plays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio_plays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Radio plays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio_plays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libretti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libretti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Libretti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libretti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collections_of_short_stories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collections_of_short_stories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Collections of short stories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collections_of_short_stories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Novel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Novel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Novel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Novel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unfinished_novels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unfinished_novels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Unfinished novels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unfinished_novels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Essays,_public_speeches_and_interviews" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Essays,_public_speeches_and_interviews"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Essays, public speeches and interviews</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Essays,_public_speeches_and_interviews-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Letters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8</span> <span>Letters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Doctoral_Dissertation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Doctoral_Dissertation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.9</span> <span>Doctoral Dissertation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Doctoral_Dissertation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ingeborg Bachmann</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="إنجيبورغ باخمان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنجيبورغ باخمان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اینقه‌بورق باخمان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اینقه‌بورق باخمان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Інгеборг Бахман – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інгеборг Бахман" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ингеборг Бахман – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ингеборг Бахман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmannov%C3%A1" title="Ingeborg Bachmannová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmannová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8A%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BA_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Ίνγκεμποργκ Μπάχμαν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ίνγκεμποργκ Μπάχμαν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اینگه‌بورگ باخمان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اینگه‌بورگ باخمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%89%EA%B2%8C%EB%B3%B4%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC_%EB%B0%94%ED%9D%90%EB%A7%8C" title="잉게보르크 바흐만 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="잉게보르크 바흐만" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A3_%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Ինգեբորգ Բախման – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ինգեբորգ Բախման" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92_%D7%91%D7%9B%D7%9E%D7%9F" title="אינגבורג בכמן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אינגבורג בכמן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92_%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ინგებორგ ბახმანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინგებორგ ბახმანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborga_Bahmane" title="Ingeborga Bahmane – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ingeborga Bahmane" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="انجيبورج باخمان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انجيبورج باخمان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B2%E3%83%9C%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%83%E3%83%8F%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="インゲボルク・バッハマン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インゲボルク・バッハマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD,_%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Бахман, Ингеборг – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бахман, Ингеборг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ingeborg Bachmann" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D2%91%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D2%91_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Інґеборґ Бахман – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інґеборґ Бахман" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%8D%9A%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB%E6%9B%BC" title="英格博格·巴赫曼 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="英格博格·巴赫曼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q78506#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Ingeborg Bachmann</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ingeborg-Bachmann-1962_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Photograph of Bachmann by Mario Dondero (c. 1962)"><img alt="Photograph of Bachmann by Mario Dondero (c. 1962)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Ingeborg-Bachmann-1962_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="314" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="214" data-file-height="314" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Photograph of Bachmann by Mario Dondero (c. 1962)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1926-06-25</span>)</span>25 June 1926<br /><a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a>, Austria</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">17 October 1973<span style="display:none">(1973-10-17)</span> (aged 47)<br />Rome, Italy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Pen name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.4em;">Ruth Keller</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;">Poet, short story writer, novelist, translator, journalist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">German</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Vienna" title="University of Vienna">University of Vienna</a> (Ph.D. in Philosophy, 23 March 1950) <p><a href="/wiki/University_of_Innsbruck" title="University of Innsbruck">University of Innsbruck</a> </p> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Graz" title="University of Graz">University of Graz</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Die_gestundete_Zeit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Die gestundete Zeit (page does not exist)">Die gestundete Zeit</a> (1953, "Time Deferred") <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anrufung_des_gro%C3%9Fen_B%C3%A4ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anrufung des großen Bären (page does not exist)">Anrufung des großen Bären</a> (1956, "Invocation of Ursa Major") </p> <i><a href="/wiki/Malina_(novel)" title="Malina (novel)">Malina</a></i> (1971)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable awards</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Group_47" title="Group 47">Prize of the Group 47</a> <br /> 1953 <br /><a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner_Prize" title="Georg Büchner Prize">Georg Büchner Prize</a> <br /> 1964 <br /><a href="/wiki/Anton_Wildgans_Prize" title="Anton Wildgans Prize">Anton Wildgans Prize</a> <br /> 1971 <br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Partner</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Celan" title="Paul Celan">Paul Celan</a> (1950–52, 1957)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Max_Frisch" title="Max Frisch">Max Frisch</a> (1958–63)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ingeborg_Bachmann_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ingeborg_Bachmann_signature.svg/150px-Ingeborg_Bachmann_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ingeborg_Bachmann_signature.svg/225px-Ingeborg_Bachmann_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ingeborg_Bachmann_signature.svg/300px-Ingeborg_Bachmann_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="55" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ingeborg Bachmann</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Austrian German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-AT-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈɪŋəbɔrɡ<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈbaxman]</a></span>; 25 June 1926 – 17 October 1973) was an Austrian poet and author. She is regarded as one of the major voices of <a href="/wiki/German_literature" title="German literature">German-language literature</a> in the 20th century. In <a href="/wiki/1963_Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="1963 Nobel Prize in Literature">1963</a>, she was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> by German philologist Harald Patzer.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bachmann was born in <a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a>, in the Austrian state of <a href="/wiki/Carinthia" title="Carinthia">Carinthia</a>, the daughter of Olga (née Haas) and Matthias Bachmann, a schoolteacher. Her father was an early member of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_National_Socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian National Socialism">Austrian National Socialist Party</a>. She had a sister, Isolde, and a brother, Heinz.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She studied philosophy, psychology, German <a href="/wiki/Philology" title="Philology">philology</a>, and law at the universities of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Innsbruck" title="University of Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Graz" title="University of Graz">Graz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Vienna" title="University of Vienna">Vienna</a>. In 1949, she received her PhD from the University of Vienna with her dissertation titled "The Critical Reception of the Existential Philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heidegger" title="Martin Heidegger">Martin Heidegger</a>";<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> her thesis adviser was <a href="/wiki/Victor_Kraft" title="Victor Kraft">Victor Kraft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palazzo_sacchetti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Palazzo_sacchetti.jpg/220px-Palazzo_sacchetti.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Palazzo_sacchetti.jpg/330px-Palazzo_sacchetti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Palazzo_sacchetti.jpg/440px-Palazzo_sacchetti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Ingeborg Bachmann's residence at <a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Sacchetti" title="Palazzo Sacchetti">Palazzo Sacchetti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Via_Giulia" title="Via Giulia">Via Giulia</a>, Rome</figcaption></figure> <p>After graduating, Bachmann worked as a scriptwriter and editor at the <a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Austria" title="Allied-occupied Austria">Allied</a> radio station <i>Rot-Weiss-Rot</i>, a job that enabled her to obtain an overview of contemporary literature and also supplied her with a decent income, making possible proper literary work. Her first <a href="/wiki/Radio_drama" title="Radio drama">radio dramas</a> were published by the station. Her literary career was enhanced by contact with <a href="/wiki/Hans_Weigel" title="Hans Weigel">Hans Weigel</a> (littérateur and sponsor of young post-war literature) and the literary circle known as <a href="/wiki/Group_47" title="Group 47">Gruppe 47</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose members also included <a href="/wiki/Ilse_Aichinger" title="Ilse Aichinger">Ilse Aichinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Celan" title="Paul Celan">Paul Celan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll" title="Heinrich Böll">Heinrich Böll</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Reich-Ranicki" title="Marcel Reich-Ranicki">Marcel Reich-Ranicki</a> and <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Grass" title="Günter Grass">Günter Grass</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1953, she moved to <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, Italy, where she spent the large part of the following years working on poems, essays and short stories as well as opera <a href="/wiki/Libretto" title="Libretto">libretti</a> in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Hans_Werner_Henze" title="Hans Werner Henze">Hans Werner Henze</a>, which soon brought with them international fame and numerous awards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writings">Writings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Writings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bachmann's doctoral dissertation expresses her growing disillusionment with <a href="/wiki/Heideggerian" class="mw-redirect" title="Heideggerian">Heideggerian</a> <a href="/wiki/Existentialism" title="Existentialism">existentialism</a>, which was in part resolved through her growing interest in <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a>, whose <i><a href="/wiki/Tractatus_Logico-Philosophicus" title="Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus">Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus</a></i> significantly influenced her relationship to language.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During her lifetime, Bachmann was known mostly for her two collections of poetry, <i>Die gestundete Zeit</i> (Time Deferred) and <i>Anrufung des Grossen Bären</i> (Invocation of Ursa Major).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bachmann's literary work focuses on themes like <a href="/wiki/Personal_boundaries" title="Personal boundaries">personal boundaries</a>, establishment of the truth, and <a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_language" title="Philosophy of language">philosophy of language</a>, the latter in the tradition of Wittgenstein. Many of her prose works represent the struggles of women to survive and to find a voice in post-war society. She also addresses the histories of <a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">imperialism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascism</a>, in particular, the persistence of imperialist ideas in the present.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fascism was a recurring theme in her writings. In her novel <i>Der Fall Franza</i> (<i>The Case of Franza</i>) Bachmann argued that fascism had not died in 1945 but had survived in the German speaking world of the 1960s in human relations and particularly in men's oppression of women. In Germany the achievements of the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a> campaign at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century had been systematically undone by the fascist <a href="/wiki/Nazi_regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi regime">Nazi regime</a> in the 1930s. Bachmann's engagement with fascism followed that of other women writers who in the immediate post-war period dealt with fascism from a woman's perspective, such as <a href="/wiki/Anna_Seghers" title="Anna Seghers">Anna Seghers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilse_Aichinger" title="Ilse Aichinger">Ilse Aichinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingeborg_Drewitz" title="Ingeborg Drewitz">Ingeborg Drewitz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christa_Wolf" title="Christa Wolf">Christa Wolf</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> A crisis of <i><a href="/wiki/Vergangenheitsbew%C3%A4ltigung" title="Vergangenheitsbewältigung">Vergangenheitsbewältigung</a></i>, along with the fear of the continued existence of <a href="/wiki/National_Socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="National Socialism">National Socialism</a> within democracy, suffuses Bachmann's oeuvre. In her work for radio, this takes the form of a self-conscious pivoting between the possibility of freedom and the inevitability of imprisonment. Her first radio play <i>Ein Geschäft mit Träumen</i> (<i>A Shop for Dreams</i>) is concerned with the inhumanity of violence and oppression. <i>Der gute Gott von Manhattan</i> (<i>The Good God of Manhattan</i>) consciously echoes <a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Good_Person_of_Szechwan" title="The Good Person of Szechwan">The Good Person of Szechwan</a></i>, as it tackles the impossibility of Good and Love surviving in capitalist, consumerist societies. In her analysis of Bachmann's radio drama <i>Die Zikaden</i> (<i>The Cicadas</i>), which was written in <a href="/wiki/Ischia" title="Ischia">Ischia</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> towards the end of 1954, and first broadcast on <a href="/wiki/Nordwestdeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk">Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk</a> (NWDR) on 25 March 1955, Lucy Jeffery states that</p><blockquote><p>The transitory existence of the exiled or marginalised writer who escapes prejudice, conflict, and dominance is paralleled by the experience of the refugee. The feeling of unsettledness is measured against the desire to find that utopian land away (both geographically and temporally) from suffering. Yet, as Bachmann knows too well, escapism is a temporary <a href="/wiki/Heterotopia_(space)" title="Heterotopia (space)">heterotopia</a> where guilt and longing cannot be kept at bay.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p> Similar themes can also be found throughout Bachmann's writings in works such as <i>Ein Wildermuth</i> (<i>A Wildermuth</i>), included in <i>Das dreißigste Jahr</i> (<i>The Thirtieth Year: Stories</i>, published in 1961), <i><a href="/wiki/Malina_(novel)" title="Malina (novel)">Malina</a></i> (published in 1971), and <i>Kriegstagebuch</i> (<i>War Diary</i>, published posthumously in 2010). </p><p>Bachmann was also in the vanguard of Austrian women writers who discovered in their private lives the political realities from which they attempted to achieve emancipation. Bachmann's writings and those of <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Frischmuth" title="Barbara Frischmuth">Barbara Frischmuth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Schwaiger" title="Brigitte Schwaiger">Brigitte Schwaiger</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anna_Mitgutsch" title="Anna Mitgutsch">Anna Mitgutsch</a> were widely published in Germany. Male Austrian authors such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_Innerhofer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz Innerhofer (page does not exist)">Franz Innerhofer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Josef_Winkler_(writer)" title="Josef Winkler (writer)">Josef Winkler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Turrini" title="Peter Turrini">Peter Turrini</a> wrote equally popular works on traumatic experiences of socialisation. Often these authors produced their works for major German publishing houses. After Bachmann's death in 1973, Austrian writers such as <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bernhard" title="Thomas Bernhard">Thomas Bernhard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elfriede_Jelinek" title="Elfriede Jelinek">Elfriede Jelinek</a> continued the tradition of Austrian literature in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lectures">Lectures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Lectures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between November 1959 and February 1960 Bachmann gave five lectures on poetics at the <a href="/wiki/Goethe_University_Frankfurt" title="Goethe University Frankfurt">Goethe University Frankfurt</a>. Known as the <i>Frankfurter Vorlesungen: Probleme zeitgenössischer Dichtung</i> (<i>Frankfurt Lectures: Problems of Contemporary Writings</i>) they are historically and substantively Bachmann's central work. In it she explained recurring themes in her early literary publications and she discussed the function of literature in society.<sup id="cite_ref-Achberger1_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Achberger1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bachmann insisted that literature had to be viewed in its historic context, thus foreshadowing a rising interest in studying the connection between literary discourse and the contemporary understanding of history.<sup id="cite_ref-Achberger1_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Achberger1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In the first lecture on <i>Fragen und Scheinfragen</i> (Questions and Pseudo-Questions) Bachmann focused on the role of writers in the post-war society and listed some essential questions that she defines "destructive and frightening in their simplicity". They are: why write? What do we mean by change and why do we want it through art? What are the limitations of the writer who wants to bring about change? According to Karen Achberger </p><blockquote><p>Bachmann views the great literary accomplishments of the twentieth century as expressions in language and poetic form of a moral and intellectual renewal in the individual writers; it is the writer's new thinking and experiencing that forms the core of their literary works, and lets them come closer to a new language. (…) Bachmann stresses the need for a new language inhabited by a new spirit. (…) She also associates literary renewal with writers on the verge of silence due to self-doubt and despair over the impotence of language and she cites in this context <a href="/wiki/Hugo_von_Hofmannsthal" title="Hugo von Hofmannsthal">Hofmannsthal</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_Chandos_Letter" title="The Lord Chandos Letter">Ein Brief</a></i> (1902) … as the first articulation of this dilemma.<sup id="cite_ref-Achberger1_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Achberger1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In the second lecture, <i>Über Gedichte</i> (On Poetry), she distinguished poetry with its new power to grasp reality in its language, from other genres such as novels and plays. With reference to <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Eich" title="Günter Eich">Günter Eich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stefan_George" title="Stefan George">Stefan George</a> she identified a new generation of "poet-prophets" whose mission consisted in leading the world to the discovery of an "ever purer heaven of art" (George). Bachmann set these poets apart from the <a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealists</a> who aspired to violence and the <a href="/wiki/Futurism" title="Futurism">Futurists</a> who claimed that "war is beautiful". She argued that these two movements exemplified <i><a href="/wiki/Art_for_art%27s_sake" title="Art for art's sake">art for art's sake</a></i> and that the careers of <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Benn" title="Gottfried Benn">Gottfried Benn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ezra_Pound" title="Ezra Pound">Ezra Pound</a> exemplified the "easy friendship between pure aestheticism with political barbarism" (Achberger). She referenced <a href="/wiki/Kafka" class="mw-redirect" title="Kafka">Kafka</a> on the need (with his words) to "take the axe to the frozen sea in us" and refuse to remain indifferent to the injustices that are perpetrated before our eyes. In the lecture she also named writings of <a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Nelly Sachs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Luise_Kaschnitz" title="Marie Luise Kaschnitz">Marie Luise Kaschnitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Magnus_Enzensberger" title="Hans Magnus Enzensberger">Hans Magnus Enzensberger</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Celan" title="Paul Celan">Paul Celan</a> as examples of his concept of new poetry.<sup id="cite_ref-Achberger2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Achberger2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the third lecture, on <i>Das schreibende Ich</i> (The writing <i>I</i>), Bachmann addressed the question of the <a href="/wiki/First-person_narrator" class="mw-redirect" title="First-person narrator">first-person narrator</a>. She was concerned with the "accountability and authority, the authenticity and reliability, of the person in the position of narrating the work" (Achberger). She distinguished between the unproblematic "I" in letters and diaries, which conceals the person from the author, and the unproblematic "I" in memoirs, in which a "'naive' handling of the first person is requested (Achberger). She argued that <a href="/wiki/Henry_Miller" title="Henry Miller">Henry Miller</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louis-Ferdinand_C%C3%A9line" title="Louis-Ferdinand Céline">Céline</a> placed "themselves and their personal experience directly at the centre of their novels" (Achberger). She referenced <a href="/wiki/Tolstoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolstoy">Tolstoy</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Kreutzer_Sonata" title="The Kreutzer Sonata">The Kreutzer Sonata</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Dostoyevsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Dostoyevsky">Dostoyevsky</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_House_of_the_Dead_(novel)" title="The House of the Dead (novel)">The House of Dead</a></i> as first-person narrators of the inner story. She also argued that narrators could provide a new treatment of time (for example <a href="/wiki/Italo_Svevo" title="Italo Svevo">Italo Svevo</a>), of material (for example <a href="/wiki/Proust" class="mw-redirect" title="Proust">Proust</a>) or of space (for example <a href="/wiki/Hans_Henny_Jahnn" title="Hans Henny Jahnn">Hans Henny Jahnn</a>). According to Bachmann, in the modern novel the "I" had "shifted: the narrator no longer lives in the story, but rather, the story lives inside the narrator" (Achberger).<sup id="cite_ref-Achberger2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Achberger2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the fourth lecture, <i>Der Umgang mit Namen</i> (The close association with names), Bachmann explored how names could have a life of their own. She discussed the use of names in contemporary literature. She identified "denied names" such as in Kafka's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Castle_(novel)" title="The Castle (novel)">The Castle</a></i>, "ironic naming" by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a>, "name games" in <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">Joyce</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a></i> and instances where the identity of the character is not secured by a name but by the context, such as in <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">Faulkner</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_and_the_Fury" title="The Sound and the Fury">The Sound and the Fury</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Achberger3_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Achberger3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Klagenfurt_-_Musilhaus_-_Ingeborg_Bachmann.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Klagenfurt_-_Musilhaus_-_Ingeborg_Bachmann.jpg/200px-Klagenfurt_-_Musilhaus_-_Ingeborg_Bachmann.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="351" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Klagenfurt_-_Musilhaus_-_Ingeborg_Bachmann.jpg/300px-Klagenfurt_-_Musilhaus_-_Ingeborg_Bachmann.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Klagenfurt_-_Musilhaus_-_Ingeborg_Bachmann.jpg/400px-Klagenfurt_-_Musilhaus_-_Ingeborg_Bachmann.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2545" data-file-height="4472" /></a><figcaption>Graffiti portrait of Bachmann at the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Musil" title="Robert Musil">Robert Musil</a> Museum in <a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the fifth lecture on <i>Literatur als Utopie</i> (Literature as Utopia), she turned to the question of what makes literature <a href="/wiki/Utopian" class="mw-redirect" title="Utopian">utopian</a>. She argued that it was the process that was set in motion in the writer and reader, as a result of their interaction with literature, which made a work utopian. She argued that literature could make us aware of a lack, both in the work and in our own world. Readers could remove this lack by giving the work a chance in our time. Thus she argued that each work of literature is "a realm which reaches forward and has unknown limits".<sup id="cite_ref-Achberger1_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Achberger1-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bachmann's understanding of utopia as a direction rather than a goal, and her argument that it was the function of literature to take an utopian direction, stemmed from <a href="/wiki/Robert_Musil" title="Robert Musil">Robert Musil</a>, who had analysed European modernism in his 1908 dissertation on <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach">Ernst Mach</a>, <i>Beitrag zur Beurteilung der Lehren Machs</i> (Contribution to the assessment of Mach's theories.<sup id="cite_ref-Achberger3_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Achberger3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life_and_death">Later life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> During her later years she suffered from alcoholism and from an addiction to medication prescribed by her doctor.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A friend described it:</p><blockquote><p>"I was deeply shocked by the magnitude of her tablet addiction. It must have been 100 per day, the bin was full of empty boxes. She looked bad, she was waxlike and pale. And her whole body was covered in bruises. I wondered what could have caused them. Then, when I saw how she slipped her <a href="/wiki/Gauloises" title="Gauloises">Gauloise</a> that she smoked and let it burn off on her arm, I realized: burns caused by falling cigarettes. The numerous tablets had made her body insensible to pain."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>On the night of 25 September 1973, her nightgown caught fire and she was taken to the <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Eugenio_Hospital" title="Sant'Eugenio Hospital">Sant'Eugenio Hospital</a> at 7:05 A.M. the following morning for treatment of second and third degree burns.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local police concluded that the fire was caused by a cigarette. During her stay, she experienced withdrawal symptoms from <a href="/wiki/Barbiturate" title="Barbiturate">barbiturate</a> <a href="/wiki/Substance_abuse" title="Substance abuse">substance abuse</a>, though the doctors treating her were not aware of the cause. This may have contributed to her subsequent death on 17 October 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although German language writers such as <a href="/wiki/Hilde_Domin" title="Hilde Domin">Hilde Domin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luise_Rinser" title="Luise Rinser">Luise Rinser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Nelly Sachs</a> had published notable works on women's issues in the post-war period, it was only in the 1970s that a <a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">feminist</a> movement emerged in <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After her death, Bachmann became popular among feminist readers. Feminist scholars' engagement with her work after her death led to a wave of scholarship that also drew attention to her prose work.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her works gained popularity within the emerging <i>Frauenliteratur</i> (<i>women's literature</i>) movement which struggled to find the authentic female voice. New publishing houses carried the movement, such as the feminist press <i>Frauenoffensive</i> (<i>Women's Offensive</i>), which published writings by <a href="/wiki/Verena_Stefan" title="Verena Stefan">Verena Stefan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, her childhood home on Henselstraße in Klagenfurt was purchased by the state of <a href="/wiki/Carinthia" title="Carinthia">Carinthia</a>, to be turned into a museum dedicated to her.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_recognition">Awards and recognition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Awards and recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1953: <a href="/wiki/Group_47" title="Group 47">Prize of Group 47</a>, for her poetry collection <i>Die gestundete Zeit</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bachmannpreis_2020_t969_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachmannpreis_2020_t969-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/Literaturpreis_der_Stadt_Bremen" title="Literaturpreis der Stadt Bremen">Literaturpreis der Stadt Bremen</a> (ex aequo with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerd_Oelschlegel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerd Oelschlegel (page does not exist)">Gerd Oelschlegel</a>).</li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6rspielpreis_der_Kriegsblinden" title="Hörspielpreis der Kriegsblinden">Hörspielpreis der Kriegsblinden</a>.</li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner_Prize" title="Georg Büchner Prize">Georg Büchner Prize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/Grosser_Osterreichischer_Staatspreis" class="mw-redirect" title="Grosser Osterreichischer Staatspreis">Grosser Osterreichischer Staatspreis</a>.</li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/Anton_Wildgans_Prize" title="Anton Wildgans Prize">Anton Wildgans Prize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bachmannpreis_2020_t969_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachmannpreis_2020_t969-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Ingeborg_Bachmann_Prize">The Ingeborg Bachmann Prize</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: The Ingeborg Bachmann Prize"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann_Prize" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingeborg Bachmann Prize">Ingeborg Bachmann Prize</a>, awarded annually in Klagenfurt since 1977, is named after her.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_film">In film</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Dreamed_Ones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Dreamed Ones (page does not exist)">The Dreamed Ones</a></i> (<i>Die Geträumten</i>; 2016), is a feature film based on the almost 20-year correspondence between Bachmann and poet <a href="/wiki/Paul_Celan" title="Paul Celan">Paul Celan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was directed by <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Beckermann" title="Ruth Beckermann">Ruth Beckermann</a> and won the SCAM International Award at <a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_du_R%C3%A9el" title="Cinéma du Réel">Cinéma du Réel</a> 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A biographical film, <i><a href="/wiki/Ingeborg_Bachmann_%E2%80%93_Journey_into_the_Desert" title="Ingeborg Bachmann – Journey into the Desert">Ingeborg Bachmann – Journey into the Desert</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Vicky_Krieps" title="Vicky Krieps">Vicky Krieps</a> as Bachmann and directed by <a href="/wiki/Margarethe_von_Trotta" title="Margarethe von Trotta">Margarethe von Trotta</a>, premiered at <a href="/wiki/73rd_Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="73rd Berlin International Film Festival">73rd Berlin International Film Festival</a> in February 2023, and gets a cinema release on 26 October 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-poly_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-poly-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film focuses on her relationship with <a href="/wiki/Max_Frisch" title="Max Frisch">Max Frisch</a> and the impact it had on her life. It also depicts her friends, composer <a href="/wiki/Hans_Werner_Henze" title="Hans Werner Henze">Hans Werner Henze</a>, and writer <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Opel" title="Adolf Opel">Adolf Opel</a>, with whom she travelled to Egypt to experience the desert.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1945 to 1946, Bachmann fell in love with a former member of the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>, the Viennese Jew <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jake_Hamesh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jake Hamesh (page does not exist)">Jack Hamesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1948 she began in Vienna a love affair with the poet and Holocaust survivor <a href="/wiki/Paul_Celan" title="Paul Celan">Paul Celan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1955 she met the political scientist <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a>; even though he was married and had two children, the two had a romantic relationship that lasted several years.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1958 to 1963, she lived on and off with Swiss playwright <a href="/wiki/Max_Frisch" title="Max Frisch">Max Frisch</a>. Her 1971 novel, <i><a href="/wiki/Malina_(novel)" title="Malina (novel)">Malina</a></i>, has been described as a response, at least partially, to his 1964 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Gantenbein" title="Gantenbein">Mein Name sei Gantenbein</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Revesz-2005_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Revesz-2005-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She never married nor had children. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poetry_collections">Poetry collections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Poetry collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1953: <i>Die gestundete Zeit.</i></li> <li>1956: <i>Anrufung des Grossen Bären.</i></li> <li>2000: <i>Ich weiß keine bessere Welt.</i> (Unpublished Poems)</li> <li>2006: <i>Darkness Spoken: The Collected Poems of Ingeborg Bachmann.</i> translator <a href="/wiki/Peter_Filkins" title="Peter Filkins">Peter Filkins</a>, Zephyr Press, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-939010-84-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-939010-84-4">978-0-939010-84-4</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio_plays">Radio plays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Radio plays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1952: <i>Ein Geschäft mit Träumen.</i></li> <li>1955: <i>Die Zikaden.</i></li> <li>1959: <i>Der gute Gott von Manhattan</i> (won the Hörspielpreis der Kriegsblinden in 1959).</li> <li>2011: <i>Die Radiofamilie</i>. <ul><li><i>The Radio Family</i>, translated by Mike Mitchell (2014). ISBN 9780857421913.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libretti">Libretti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Libretti"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1960: <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Prinz_von_Homburg_(opera)" title="Der Prinz von Homburg (opera)">Der Prinz von Homburg</a>.</i></li> <li>1965: <i><a href="/wiki/Der_junge_Lord" title="Der junge Lord">Der junge Lord</a>.</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Collections_of_short_stories">Collections of short stories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Collections of short stories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Das dreißigste Jahr</i> (1961). <ul><li><i>The Thirtieth Year</i>, translated by Michael Bullock (1964).</li></ul></li> <li><i>Simultan</i> (1972). <ul><li><i>Three Paths to the Lake</i>, translated by Mary Fran Gilbert (1989). The eponymous short story in this collection was adapted as a film by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Haneke" title="Michael Haneke">Michael Haneke</a> in 1976.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Novel">Novel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Novel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Malina_(novel)" title="Malina (novel)">Malina</a></i> (1971). <ul><li><i>Malina.</i> Translated by Philip Boehm (1990; revised 2019). ISBN 9780241366240.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unfinished_novels">Unfinished novels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Unfinished novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Der Fall Franza / Requiem für Fanny Goldmann</i> (Piper, 1979). <ul><li><i>The Book of Franza and Requiem for Fanny Goldmann</i>, translated by Peter Filkins (Evanstons: Northwestern University Press, 2010). ISBN 978-0810127548.</li></ul></li> <li><i>"Todesarten"-Projekt</i> (Piper, 1995). Compiles: <ul><li><i>Todesarten, Ein Ort für Zufalle, Wüstenbuch, Requiem für Fanny Goldmann, Goldmann/Rottwitz-Roman und andere Texte</i></li> <li><i>Das Buch Franza</i></li> <li><i>Malina (2 v. )</i></li> <li><i>Der "Simultan"-Band und andere späte Erzählungen.</i></li></ul></li> <li><i>Das Buch Goldmann</i>, ed. by Marie Luise Wandruszka (Munich; Berlin: Piper; Suhrkamp, 2022). ISBN 978-3518426012.</li> <li><i>Das Honditschkreuz</i> <ul><li><i>The Honditsch Cross</i>, translated by Tess Lewis (New Directions, forthcoming)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Essays,_public_speeches_and_interviews"><span id="Essays.2C_public_speeches_and_interviews"></span>Essays, public speeches and interviews</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Essays, public speeches and interviews"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1959: <i>Die Wahrheit ist dem Menschen zumutbar</i> (poetological speech at a German presentation of awards).</li> <li>1955: <i>Frankfurter Vorlesungen</i> (lecture on problems of contemporary literature). <ul><li><i>The Critical Writings of Ingeborg Bachmann</i>, ed. and trans. by Karen R. Achberger and Karl Ivan Solibakke (Rochester, N.Y.: Camden House 2021). ISBN 9781571139443.</li></ul></li> <li>1983 [interviews from 1953–1973], <i>Wir müssen wahre Sätze finden. Gespräche und Interviews</i>, ed. by Christine Koschel and Inge von Weidenbaum (Munich: Piper, 1983). ISBN 9783492027243.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Letters">Letters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Letters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannHenzeHöller2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bachmann, Ingeborg; Henze, Hans Werner; Höller, Hans (2004). <i>Briefe einer Freundschaft</i> (in German). München: Piper. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-492-04608-8" title="Special:BookSources/3-492-04608-8"><bdi>3-492-04608-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/56492391">56492391</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Briefe+einer+Freundschaft&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.pub=Piper&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F56492391&rft.isbn=3-492-04608-8&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Henze%2C+Hans+Werner&rft.au=H%C3%B6ller%2C+Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannCelanCelan-LestrangeFrisch2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">——; Celan, Paul; Celan-Lestrange, Gisèle; Frisch, Max; Badiou, Bertrand (2008). <i>Herzzeit : Ingeborg Bachmann, Paul Celan, der Briefwechsel : mit den Briefwechseln zwischen Paul Celan und Max Frisch sowie zwischen Ingeborg Bachmann und Gisele Celan-Lestrange</i> (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-518-42033-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-518-42033-1"><bdi>978-3-518-42033-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/244654481">244654481</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Herzzeit+%3A+Ingeborg+Bachmann%2C+Paul+Celan%2C+der+Briefwechsel+%3A+mit+den+Briefwechseln+zwischen+Paul+Celan+und+Max+Frisch+sowie+zwischen+Ingeborg+Bachmann+und+Gisele+Celan-Lestrange&rft.place=Frankfurt+am+Main&rft.pub=Suhrkamp&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F244654481&rft.isbn=978-3-518-42033-1&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Celan%2C+Paul&rft.au=Celan-Lestrange%2C+Gis%C3%A8le&rft.au=Frisch%2C+Max&rft.au=Badiou%2C+Bertrand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannCelanBadiou2010" class="citation book cs1">——; Celan, Paul; Badiou, Bertrand (2010). <i>Correspondence : Ingeborg Bachmann and Paul Celan : with the correspondences between Paul Celan and Max Frisch and between Ingeborg Bachmann and Gisèle Celan-Lestrange</i>. London: Seagull Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-906497-44-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-906497-44-6"><bdi>978-1-906497-44-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/457149489">457149489</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Correspondence+%3A+Ingeborg+Bachmann+and+Paul+Celan+%3A+with+the+correspondences+between+Paul+Celan+and+Max+Frisch+and+between+Ingeborg+Bachmann+and+Gis%C3%A8le+Celan-Lestrange&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Seagull+Books&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F457149489&rft.isbn=978-1-906497-44-6&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Celan%2C+Paul&rft.au=Badiou%2C+Bertrand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannBischof1991" class="citation book cs1">——; Bischof, Peter (1991). <i>Briefe an Felician</i>. München: Piper. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-492-03585-X" title="Special:BookSources/3-492-03585-X"><bdi>3-492-03585-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/28093251">28093251</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Briefe+an+Felician&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.pub=Piper&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F28093251&rft.isbn=3-492-03585-X&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Bischof%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannSearls2004" class="citation book cs1">——; Searls, Damion (2004). <i>Letters to Felician</i>. København: Green Integer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-931243-16-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-931243-16-6"><bdi>1-931243-16-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/55591384">55591384</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Letters+to+Felician&rft.place=K%C3%B8benhavn&rft.pub=Green+Integer&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F55591384&rft.isbn=1-931243-16-6&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Searls%2C+Damion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannHöller2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">——; Höller, Hans (2010). <i>Kriegstagebuch : mit Briefen von Jack Hamesh an Ingeborg Bachmann</i> (in German). Berlin: Suhrkamp. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-518-42145-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-518-42145-1"><bdi>978-3-518-42145-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/613308412">613308412</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kriegstagebuch+%3A+mit+Briefen+von+Jack+Hamesh+an+Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Suhrkamp&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F613308412&rft.isbn=978-3-518-42145-1&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=H%C3%B6ller%2C+Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannHameshHöllerMitchell2011" class="citation book cs1">——; Hamesh, Jack; Höller, Hans; Mitchell, Mike (2011). <i>War diary : with letters from Jack Hamesh</i>. London: Seagull Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85742-008-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85742-008-4"><bdi>978-0-85742-008-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/758953009">758953009</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+diary+%3A+with+letters+from+Jack+Hamesh&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Seagull+Books&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F758953009&rft.isbn=978-0-85742-008-4&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Hamesh%2C+Jack&rft.au=H%C3%B6ller%2C+Hans&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+Mike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannSchiffermüllerPelloni2017" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">——; Schiffermüller, Isolde; Pelloni, Gabriella (2017). <i>"Male oscuro" : Aufzeichnungen aus der Zeit der Krankheit : Traumnotate, Briefe, Brief- und Redeentwürfe</i> (in German). München. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-518-42602-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-518-42602-9"><bdi>978-3-518-42602-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/988090978">988090978</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22Male+oscuro%22+%3A+Aufzeichnungen+aus+der+Zeit+der+Krankheit+%3A+Traumnotate%2C+Briefe%2C+Brief-+und+Redeentw%C3%BCrfe&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F988090978&rft.isbn=978-3-518-42602-9&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Schifferm%C3%BCller%2C+Isolde&rft.au=Pelloni%2C+Gabriella&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannFrischHöllerLanger2022" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">——; Frisch, Max; Höller, Hans; Langer, Renate; Strässle, Thomas; Wiedemann, Barbara (2022). <i>»Wir haben es nicht gut gemacht.« der Briefwechsel : mit Briefen von Verwandten, Freunden und Bekannten</i> (in German). München. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-518-43069-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-518-43069-9"><bdi>978-3-518-43069-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1350789492">1350789492</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C2%BBWir+haben+es+nicht+gut+gemacht.%C2%AB+der+Briefwechsel+%3A+mit+Briefen+von+Verwandten%2C+Freunden+und+Bekannten&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1350789492&rft.isbn=978-3-518-43069-9&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Frisch%2C+Max&rft.au=H%C3%B6ller%2C+Hans&rft.au=Langer%2C+Renate&rft.au=Str%C3%A4ssle%2C+Thomas&rft.au=Wiedemann%2C+Barbara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Deutschlandfunk_2022_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Deutschlandfunk_2022-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Doctoral_Dissertation">Doctoral Dissertation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Doctoral Dissertation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBachmannPichlWallner1985" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bachmann, Ingeborg; Pichl, Robert; Wallner, Friedrich (1985). <i>Die kritische Aufnahme der Existentialphilosophie Martin Heideggers</i> (in German). München: Piper. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-492-02786-5" title="Special:BookSources/3-492-02786-5"><bdi>3-492-02786-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/19351796">19351796</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+kritische+Aufnahme+der+Existentialphilosophie+Martin+Heideggers&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.pub=Piper&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F19351796&rft.isbn=3-492-02786-5&rft.aulast=Bachmann&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft.au=Pichl%2C+Robert&rft.au=Wallner%2C+Friedrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quill_and_ink.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/28px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/42px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/56px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="152" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Poetry" title="Portal:Poetry">Poetry portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Austrian_writers" title="List of Austrian writers">List of Austrian writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Austrians" title="List of Austrians">List of Austrians</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ina_Hartwig" title="Ina Hartwig">Hartwig, Ina</a>: <i>Wer war Ingeborg Bachmann? Eine Biographie in Bruchstücken.</i> S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-10-002303-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-10-002303-2">978-3-10-002303-2</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/archive/show_people.php?id=12625">Nomination archive – Ingeborg Bachmann</a> nobelprize.org</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFetzStriglKastbergerEder2004" class="citation journal cs1">Fetz, Bernhard; Strigl, Daniela; et al. (2004). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"My Father,... I Would Not Have Betrayed You ..." Reshaping the Familial past in Ingeborg Bachmann's Radiofamilie-Texts". <i>New German Critique</i> (93): <span class="nowrap">131–</span>143. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0094-033X">0094-033X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4150483">4150483</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+German+Critique&rft.atitle=%22My+Father%2C...+I+Would+Not+Have+Betrayed+You+...%22+Reshaping+the+Familial+past+in+Ingeborg+Bachmann%27s+Radiofamilie-Texts&rft.issue=93&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E131-%3C%2Fspan%3E143&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4150483%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0094-033X&rft.aulast=Fetz&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rft.au=Strigl%2C+Daniela&rft.au=Kastberger%2C+Kalus&rft.au=Eder%2C+Thomas&rft.au=McVeigh%2C+Joseph&rft.au=Magsham%2C+Rachel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarman2019" class="citation web cs1">Garman, Emma (9 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2019/07/09/feminize-your-canon-ingeborg-bachmann/">"Feminize Your Canon: Ingeborg Bachmann"</a>. <i>The Paris Review</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Paris+Review&rft.atitle=Feminize+Your+Canon%3A+Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft.date=2019-07-09&rft.aulast=Garman&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theparisreview.org%2Fblog%2F2019%2F07%2F09%2Ffeminize-your-canon-ingeborg-bachmann%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLennox2007" class="citation journal cs1">Lennox, Sara (1 January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newprairiepress.org/sttcl/vol31/iss1/6">"Gender, the Cold War, and Ingeborg Bachmann"</a>. <i>Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature</i>. <b>31</b> (1). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4148%2F2334-4415.1646">10.4148/2334-4415.1646</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2334-4415">2334-4415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies+in+20th+%26+21st+Century+Literature&rft.atitle=Gender%2C+the+Cold+War%2C+and+Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2007-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4148%2F2334-4415.1646&rft.issn=2334-4415&rft.aulast=Lennox&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewprairiepress.org%2Fsttcl%2Fvol31%2Fiss1%2F6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrinker-GablerZisselsberger,_Markus2004" class="citation book cs1">Brinker-Gabler, Gisela; Zisselsberger, Markus (2004). <i>If We Had the Word: Ingeborg Bachmann Views and Reviews</i>. Riverside, CA, USA: Ariadne Press. p. 2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57241-130-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57241-130-2"><bdi>978-1-57241-130-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=If+We+Had+the+Word%3A+Ingeborg+Bachmann+Views+and+Reviews&rft.place=Riverside%2C+CA%2C+USA&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Ariadne+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-57241-130-2&rft.aulast=Brinker-Gabler&rft.aufirst=Gisela&rft.au=Zisselsberger%2C+Markus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catranslation.org/person/ingeborg-bachmann/">"Ingeborg Bachmann"</a>. <i>Center for the Art of Translation</i>. 26 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Center+for+the+Art+of+Translation&rft.atitle=Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft.date=2017-01-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catranslation.org%2Fperson%2Fingeborg-bachmann%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/47945/Ingeborg-Bachmann">"Ingeborg Bachmann | Austrian author"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Ingeborg+Bachmann+%7C+Austrian+author&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F47945%2FIngeborg-Bachmann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBöttinger2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Böttinger, Helmut (2012). <i>Die Gruppe 47: Als die deutsche Literatur Geschichte schrieb</i> [<i>The Group 47: when German literature wrote the history</i>] (in German). Munich: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-421-04315-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-421-04315-3"><bdi>978-3-421-04315-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Gruppe+47%3A+Als+die+deutsche+Literatur+Geschichte+schrieb&rft.place=Munich&rft.pub=Deutsche+Verlags-Anstalt&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-3-421-04315-3&rft.aulast=B%C3%B6ttinger&rft.aufirst=Helmut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jetzt.sueddeutsche.de/texte/anzeigen/313072/Ingeborg-Bachmann">"Ingeborg Bachmann"</a>. <i>jetzt.de</i> (in German). 23 June 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=jetzt.de&rft.atitle=Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft.date=2006-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjetzt.sueddeutsche.de%2Ftexte%2Fanzeigen%2F313072%2FIngeborg-Bachmann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLennox2006" class="citation book cs1">Lennox, Sara (2006). <i>Cemetery of the Murdered Daughters</i>. Amherst MA: University of Massachusetts Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">43–</span>50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-552-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-552-4"><bdi>978-1-55849-552-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cemetery+of+the+Murdered+Daughters&rft.place=Amherst+MA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E43-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-552-4&rft.aulast=Lennox&rft.aufirst=Sara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLennox2006" class="citation book cs1">Lennox, Sara (2006). <i>Cemetery of the Murdered Daughters</i>. Amherst MA: University of Massachusetts Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">294–</span>295. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-552-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-552-4"><bdi>978-1-55849-552-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cemetery+of+the+Murdered+Daughters&rft.place=Amherst+MA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E294-%3C%2Fspan%3E295&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-552-4&rft.aulast=Lennox&rft.aufirst=Sara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthias_Konzett2015" class="citation book cs1">Matthias Konzett (2015). <i>Encyclopedia of German Literature</i>. Routledge. p. 1023. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94122-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94122-2"><bdi>978-1-135-94122-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+German+Literature&rft.pages=1023&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-135-94122-2&rft.au=Matthias+Konzett&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeffery2020" class="citation book cs1">Jeffery, Lucy (2020). <i>Collective Responsibility in Ingeborg Bachmann and Hans Werner Henze's Radio Drama 'The Cicadas' in 'Radio Art and Music: Culture, Aesthetics, Politics'<span></span></i>. Lexington Books. pp. <span class="nowrap">185–</span>205.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collective+Responsibility+in+Ingeborg+Bachmann+and+Hans+Werner+Henze%27s+Radio+Drama+%27The+Cicadas%27+in+%27Radio+Art+and+Music%3A+Culture%2C+Aesthetics%2C+Politics%27&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E185-%3C%2Fspan%3E205&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Jeffery&rft.aufirst=Lucy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span> Jarmila Mildorf and Pim Verhulst (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2f8FEAAAQBAJ&dq=ingeborg+bachmann+radio&pg=PA185">books.google.co.uk</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthias_Konzett2015" class="citation book cs1">Matthias Konzett (2015). <i>Encyclopedia of German Literature</i>. Routledge. p. 50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94122-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94122-2"><bdi>978-1-135-94122-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+German+Literature&rft.pages=50&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-135-94122-2&rft.au=Matthias+Konzett&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Achberger1-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Achberger1_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Achberger1_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Achberger1_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Achberger1_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAchberger1995" class="citation book cs1">Achberger, Karen (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandinging0000achb/page/60"><i>Understanding Ingeborg Bachmann: Understanding Modern European and Latin American Literature, Band 1</i></a>. University of South Carolina Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandinging0000achb/page/60">60</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-994-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-994-2"><bdi>978-0-87249-994-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Ingeborg+Bachmann%3A+Understanding+Modern+European+and+Latin+American+Literature%2C+Band+1&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=University+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-87249-994-2&rft.aulast=Achberger&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funderstandinging0000achb%2Fpage%2F60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Achberger2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Achberger2_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Achberger2_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaren_Achberger1995" class="citation book cs1">Karen Achberger (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandinging0000achb/page/61"><i>Understanding Ingeborg Bachmann: Understanding Modern European and Latin American Literature, Band 1</i></a>. Univ of South Carolina Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandinging0000achb/page/61">61–62</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-994-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-994-2"><bdi>978-0-87249-994-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Ingeborg+Bachmann%3A+Understanding+Modern+European+and+Latin+American+Literature%2C+Band+1&rft.pages=61-62&rft.pub=Univ+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-87249-994-2&rft.au=Karen+Achberger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funderstandinging0000achb%2Fpage%2F61&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Achberger3-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Achberger3_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Achberger3_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaren_Achberger1995" class="citation book cs1">Karen Achberger (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandinging0000achb/page/63"><i>Understanding Ingeborg Bachmann: Understanding Modern European and Latin American Literature, Band 1</i></a>. Univ of South Carolina Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/understandinging0000achb/page/63">63</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-994-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87249-994-2"><bdi>978-0-87249-994-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Ingeborg+Bachmann%3A+Understanding+Modern+European+and+Latin+American+Literature%2C+Band+1&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=Univ+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-87249-994-2&rft.au=Karen+Achberger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funderstandinging0000achb%2Fpage%2F63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ina Hartwig: <i>Wer war Ingeborg Bachmann?</i>, S. Fischer 2017. p. 223.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Beicken: <i>Ingeborg Bachmann</i>, Becksche Reihe 605, Second Edition. Munich 1992, p. 213.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKretschmerSchardt2011" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kretschmer, Heike; Schardt, Michael Matthias (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CGvNCpl2oV0C"><i>Über Ingeborg Bachmann 2: Band 2: Porträts, Aufsätze, Besprechungen 1952–1992</i></a> [<i>I. B.: Portraits, Essays, Conversations</i>] (in German). Igel Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-86815-537-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-86815-537-2"><bdi>978-3-86815-537-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C3%9Cber+Ingeborg+Bachmann+2%3A+Band+2%3A+Portr%C3%A4ts%2C+Aufs%C3%A4tze%2C+Besprechungen+1952%E2%80%931992&rft.pub=Igel+Verlag&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3-86815-537-2&rft.aulast=Kretschmer&rft.aufirst=Heike&rft.au=Schardt%2C+Michael+Matthias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCGvNCpl2oV0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLennox2006" class="citation book cs1">Lennox, Sara (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.umass.edu/umpress_cotmd/3/">"Part One: Bachmann and History, Chapter 1. Bachmann in History: An Overview"</a>. <i>Cemetery of the Murdered Daughters: Feminism, History, and Ingeborg Bachmann</i>. University of Massachusetts Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-552-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-552-4"><bdi>978-1-55849-552-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Part+One%3A+Bachmann+and+History%2C+Chapter+1.+Bachmann+in+History%3A+An+Overview&rft.btitle=Cemetery+of+the+Murdered+Daughters%3A+Feminism%2C+History%2C+and+Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-552-4&rft.aulast=Lennox&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarworks.umass.edu%2Fumpress_cotmd%2F3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest2019" class="citation web cs1">West, Adrian Nathan (30 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/society-is-the-biggest-murder-scene-of-all-adrian-nathan-west-on-ingeborg-bachmanns-malina/">"Society Is the Biggest Murder Scene of All: On Bachmann's "Malina"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Review of Books</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Society+Is+the+Biggest+Murder+Scene+of+All%3A+On+Bachmann%27s+%22Malina%22&rft.date=2019-10-30&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Adrian+Nathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flareviewofbooks.org%2Farticle%2Fsociety-is-the-biggest-murder-scene-of-all-adrian-nathan-west-on-ingeborg-bachmanns-malina%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholas_Saul2002" class="citation book cs1">Nicholas Saul (2002). <i>Philosophy and German Literature, 1700–1990</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 279. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-43154-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-43154-5"><bdi>978-1-139-43154-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philosophy+and+German+Literature%2C+1700%E2%80%931990&rft.pages=279&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-139-43154-5&rft.au=Nicholas+Saul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLennox2006" class="citation book cs1">Lennox, Sara (2006). <i>Cemetery of the Murdered Daughters</i>. Amherst MA: University of Massachusetts Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">43–</span>50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-552-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55849-552-4"><bdi>978-1-55849-552-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cemetery+of+the+Murdered+Daughters&rft.place=Amherst+MA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E43-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-55849-552-4&rft.aulast=Lennox&rft.aufirst=Sara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthias_Konzett2015" class="citation book cs1">Matthias Konzett (2015). <i>Encyclopedia of German Literature</i>. Routledge. p. 1023. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94122-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94122-2"><bdi>978-1-135-94122-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+German+Literature&rft.pages=1023&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-135-94122-2&rft.au=Matthias+Konzett&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sn.at/kultur/allgemein/bachmann-haus-in-klagenfurt-von-land-und-stadt-angekauft-109506037">"Bachmann-Haus in Klagenfurt von Land und Stadt angekauft"</a> [Klagenfurt's state and city bought Bachmann's house]. <i>Salzburger Nachrichten</i> (in German). 15 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salzburger+Nachrichten&rft.atitle=Bachmann-Haus+in+Klagenfurt+von+Land+und+Stadt+angekauft&rft.date=2021-09-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sn.at%2Fkultur%2Fallgemein%2Fbachmann-haus-in-klagenfurt-von-land-und-stadt-angekauft-109506037&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeigel1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Weigel, Sigrid (1999). <i>Hinterlassenschaften unter Wahrung des Briefgeheimnisses</i> (in German). Vienna: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Zsolnay" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Zsolnay">Paul Zsolnay</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">563–</span>574. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-552-04927-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-552-04927-7"><bdi>978-3-552-04927-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinterlassenschaften+unter+Wahrung+des+Briefgeheimnisses&rft.place=Vienna&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E563-%3C%2Fspan%3E574&rft.pub=Paul+Zsolnay&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-3-552-04927-7&rft.aulast=Weigel&rft.aufirst=Sigrid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bachmannpreis_2020_t969-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bachmannpreis_2020_t969_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bachmannpreis_2020_t969_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bachmannpreis.orf.at/stories/3046991/">"Ingeborg Bachmann (1926–1973)"</a>. <i>Bachmannpreis</i> (in German). 4 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bachmannpreis&rft.atitle=Ingeborg+Bachmann+%281926%E2%80%931973%29&rft.date=2020-05-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbachmannpreis.orf.at%2Fstories%2F3046991%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutscheakademie.de/en/awards/georg-buechner-preis/ingeborg-bachmann">"Ingeborg Bachmann"</a>. <i>Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Akademie+f%C3%BCr+Sprache+und+Dichtung&rft.atitle=Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutscheakademie.de%2Fen%2Fawards%2Fgeorg-buechner-preis%2Fingeborg-bachmann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bachmannpreis.eu/en">Bachmann-Preis – Tage der deutschsprachigen Literatur</a>. Retrieved 25 November 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOltermann2016" class="citation web cs1">Oltermann, Philip (17 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/17/poets-bachmann-celan-love-letters-critically-acclaimed-film-die-getraumten">"Poets' unlikely love letters are turned into critically acclaimed film"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Poets%27+unlikely+love+letters+are+turned+into+critically+acclaimed+film&rft.date=2016-11-17&rft.aulast=Oltermann&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fnov%2F17%2Fpoets-bachmann-celan-love-letters-critically-acclaimed-film-die-getraumten&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.cinemadureel.org/en/les-palmares/2016-2/">"2016"</a>. <i>Cinéma du réel Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cin%C3%A9ma+du+r%C3%A9el+Archives&rft.atitle=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchives.cinemadureel.org%2Fen%2Fles-palmares%2F2016-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-poly-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-poly_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.polyfilm.at/film/bachmann/">"Ingeborg Bachmann – Reise in die Wüste"</a> [Ingeborg Bachmann – Journey into the desert]. <i>Polyfilm</i> (in German). 23 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Polyfilm&rft.atitle=Ingeborg+Bachmann+%E2%80%93+Reise+in+die+W%C3%BCste&rft.date=2023-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.polyfilm.at%2Ffilm%2Fbachmann%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://germanfilmfestival.com.au/films/ingeborg-bachmann-journey-into-the-desert">"Ingeborg Bachmann – Journey into the Desert"</a>. <i>German Film Festival 2023</i>. 5 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=German+Film+Festival+2023&rft.atitle=Ingeborg+Bachmann+%E2%80%93+Journey+into+the+Desert&rft.date=2023-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgermanfilmfestival.com.au%2Ffilms%2Fingeborg-bachmann-journey-into-the-desert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeinzierl2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Weinzierl, Ulrich (17 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/welt_print/kultur/literatur/article7220460/Der-Soldat-und-das-Maedchen.html">"Der Soldat und das Mädchen"</a> [The soldier and the girl]. <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Welt" title="Die Welt">Die Welt</a></i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Welt&rft.atitle=Der+Soldat+und+das+M%C3%A4dchen&rft.date=2010-04-17&rft.aulast=Weinzierl&rft.aufirst=Ulrich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fwelt_print%2Fkultur%2Fliteratur%2Farticle7220460%2FDer-Soldat-und-das-Maedchen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://literaturkritik.de/frieling-dichterpaare-paul-celan-und-ingeborg-bachmann,27354.html">"Paul Celan und Ingeborg Bachmann – Die langjährige Liebes- und Arbeitsbeziehung eines Dichterpaares – mit der 'Fremde als Bestimmung'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> [Paul Celan and Ingeborg Bachmann – The long-term love and working relationship of a poetic couple – with the 'stranger as their destiny']. <i>literaturkritik.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=literaturkritik.de&rft.atitle=Paul+Celan+und+Ingeborg+Bachmann+%E2%80%93+Die+langj%C3%A4hrige+Liebes-+und+Arbeitsbeziehung+eines+Dichterpaares+%E2%80%93+mit+der+%27Fremde+als+Bestimmung%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fliteraturkritik.de%2Ffrieling-dichterpaare-paul-celan-und-ingeborg-bachmann%2C27354.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartwig2017" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hartwig, Ina (2017). <i>Wer war Ingeborg Bachmann? Eine Biographie in Bruchstücken</i> [<i>Who was Ingeborg Bachmann? A biography in fragments</i>] (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Fischer. p. 254. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-10-002303-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-10-002303-2"><bdi>978-3-10-002303-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wer+war+Ingeborg+Bachmann%3F+Eine+Biographie+in+Bruchst%C3%BCcken&rft.place=Frankfurt+am+Main&rft.pages=254&rft.pub=Fischer&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-3-10-002303-2&rft.aulast=Hartwig&rft.aufirst=Ina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Revesz-2005-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Revesz-2005_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRevesz2005" class="citation journal cs1">Revesz, Eva B. (2005). "Murder, He Wrote: The Fate of the Woman in Max Frisch's "Mein Name sei Gantenbein"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>The German Quarterly</i>. <b>78</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">45–</span>69. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1756-1183.2005.tb00003.x">10.1111/j.1756-1183.2005.tb00003.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0016-8831">0016-8831</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30039350">30039350</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+German+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Murder%2C+He+Wrote%3A+The+Fate+of+the+Woman+in+Max+Frisch%27s+%22Mein+Name+sei+Gantenbein%22&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E45-%3C%2Fspan%3E69&rft.date=2005&rft.issn=0016-8831&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F30039350%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1756-1183.2005.tb00003.x&rft.aulast=Revesz&rft.aufirst=Eva+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Deutschlandfunk_2022-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Deutschlandfunk_2022_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBöttiger2022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Böttiger, Helmut (18 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/max-frisch-ingeborg-bachmann-briefe-100.html">"Spektakulärer Briefwechsel - Ingeborg Bachmann und Max Frisch"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deutschlandfunk" title="Deutschlandfunk">Deutschlandfunk</a></i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutschlandfunk&rft.atitle=Spektakul%C3%A4rer+Briefwechsel+-+Ingeborg+Bachmann+und+Max+Frisch&rft.date=2022-11-18&rft.aulast=B%C3%B6ttiger&rft.aufirst=Helmut&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutschlandfunk.de%2Fmax-frisch-ingeborg-bachmann-briefe-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingeborg_Bachmann&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perlentaucher.de/autor/ingeborg-bachmann.html">Ingeborg Bachmann</a> at <a href="/wiki/Perlentaucher" title="Perlentaucher">perlentaucher.de – das Kulturmagazin</a> <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lyrikline.org/en/authors/ingeborg-bachmann">Ingeborg Bachmann</a> at Lyrikline – includes some translations of her poems into Dutch and Turkish</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiukkonen" class="citation web cs1">Liukkonen, Petri. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://authorscalendar.info/ibach.htm">"Ingeborg Bachmann"</a>. <i>Authors' Calendar</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Authors%27+Calendar&rft.atitle=Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft.aulast=Liukkonen&rft.aufirst=Petri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauthorscalendar.info%2Fibach.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.berfrois.com/2014/05/the-drugs-the-words-and-the-bridges-by-ingeborg-bachmann/#.U3tYg_mSwdU">"Two Poems by Ingeborg Bachmann"</a>. Berfois. 15 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Two+Poems+by+Ingeborg+Bachmann&rft.pub=Berfois&rft.date=2014-05-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.berfrois.com%2F2014%2F05%2Fthe-drugs-the-words-and-the-bridges-by-ingeborg-bachmann%2F%23.U3tYg_mSwdU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIngeborg+Bachmann" class="Z3988"></span> Includes "The drugs, the words" ("Die Drogen, die Worte") and "The bridges" (Die Brücken), translated into English by Peter Elkin</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediathek.at/redirect.json?hash=9bLgJuMZ&no_cache=1&searchQuery=1975&cHash=6ac99176c242bdeb923641409aeb1922">Sound recordings with Ingeborg Bachmann</a> in the Online Archive of the <a href="/wiki/%C3%96sterreichische_Mediathek" title="Österreichische Mediathek">Österreichische Mediathek</a> (Literary readings, interviews and radio reports) <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Georg_B%C3%BCchner_Prize" title="Template:Georg Büchner Prize"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Georg_B%C3%BCchner_Prize" title="Template talk:Georg Büchner Prize"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Georg_B%C3%BCchner_Prize" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Georg Büchner Prize"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Recipients_of_the_Georg_Büchner_Prize63" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Recipients of the <a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner_Prize" title="Georg Büchner Prize">Georg Büchner Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1923–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1923</span> <a href="/wiki/Adam_Karrillon" title="Adam Karrillon">Adam Karrillon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Mendelssohn" title="Arnold Mendelssohn">Arnold Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1924</span> <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Bock" title="Alfred Bock">Alfred Bock</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Thesing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Thesing (page does not exist)">Paul Thesing</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1925</span> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Michel" title="Wilhelm Michel">Wilhelm Michel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Koch" title="Rudolf Koch">Rudolf Koch</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1926</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Heinrich_Kleukens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Heinrich Kleukens (page does not exist)">Christian Heinrich Kleukens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Petersen_(composer)" title="Wilhelm Petersen (composer)">Wilhelm Petersen</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1927</span> <a href="/wiki/Kasimir_Edschmid" title="Kasimir Edschmid">Kasimir Edschmid</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Bischoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Bischoff (page does not exist)">Johannes Bischoff</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1928</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Hoelscher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Hoelscher (page does not exist)">Richard Hoelscher</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Well_Habicht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Well Habicht (page does not exist)">Well Habicht</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1929</span> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Zuckmayer" title="Carl Zuckmayer">Carl Zuckmayer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adam_Antes" title="Adam Antes">Adam Antes</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1930</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Schwarzkopf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolaus Schwarzkopf (page does not exist)">Nikolaus Schwarzkopf</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johannes_Lippmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johannes Lippmann (page does not exist)">Johannes Lippmann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1931</span> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Posch" title="Alexander Posch">Alexander Posch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hans_Simon" title="Hans Simon">Hans Simon</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1932</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_H._Rausch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert H. Rausch (page does not exist)">Albert H. Rausch</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolf_Bode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolf Bode (page does not exist)">Adolf Bode</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:85%;">1933–1944</span> not given</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1945</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Schiebelhuth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Schiebelhuth (page does not exist)">Hans Schiebelhuth</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1946</span> <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Usinger" title="Fritz Usinger">Fritz Usinger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1947</span> <a href="/wiki/Anna_Seghers" title="Anna Seghers">Anna Seghers</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1948</span> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Heiss" title="Hermann Heiss">Hermann Heiss</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1949</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Gunschmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Gunschmann (page does not exist)">Carl Gunschmann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1950</span> <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Langg%C3%A4sser" title="Elisabeth Langgässer">Elisabeth Langgässer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Since 1951</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;">1951</span> <a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Benn" title="Gottfried Benn">Gottfried Benn</a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgrey"><span style="font-size:85%;">1952</span> not given</span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1953</span> <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Kreuder" title="Ernst Kreuder">Ernst Kreuder</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1954</span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Kessel" title="Martin Kessel">Martin Kessel</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1955</span> <a href="/wiki/Marie_Luise_Kaschnitz" title="Marie Luise Kaschnitz">Marie Luise Kaschnitz</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1956</span> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Krolow" title="Karl Krolow">Karl Krolow</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1957</span> <a href="/wiki/Erich_K%C3%A4stner" title="Erich Kästner">Erich Kästner</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1958</span> <a href="/wiki/Max_Frisch" title="Max Frisch">Max Frisch</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1959</span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Eich" title="Günter Eich">Günter Eich</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1960</span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Celan" title="Paul Celan">Paul Celan</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1961</span> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Erich_Nossack" title="Hans Erich Nossack">Hans Erich Nossack</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1962</span> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Koeppen" title="Wolfgang Koeppen">Wolfgang Koeppen</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1963</span> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Magnus_Enzensberger" title="Hans Magnus Enzensberger">Hans Magnus Enzensberger</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1964</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ingeborg Bachmann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1965</span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Grass" title="Günter Grass">Günter Grass</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1966</span> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Hildesheimer" title="Wolfgang Hildesheimer">Wolfgang Hildesheimer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1967</span> <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll" title="Heinrich Böll">Heinrich Böll</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1968</span> <a href="/wiki/Golo_Mann" title="Golo Mann">Golo Mann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1969</span> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Hei%C3%9Fenb%C3%BCttel" title="Helmut Heißenbüttel">Helmut Heißenbüttel</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1970</span> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bernhard" title="Thomas Bernhard">Thomas Bernhard</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1971</span> <a href="/wiki/Uwe_Johnson" title="Uwe Johnson">Uwe Johnson</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1972</span> <a href="/wiki/Elias_Canetti" title="Elias Canetti">Elias Canetti</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1973</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1974</span> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Kesten" title="Hermann Kesten">Hermann Kesten</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1975</span> <a href="/wiki/Man%C3%A8s_Sperber" title="Manès Sperber">Manès Sperber</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1976</span> <a href="/wiki/Heinz_Piontek" title="Heinz Piontek">Heinz Piontek</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1977</span> <a href="/wiki/Reiner_Kunze" title="Reiner Kunze">Reiner Kunze</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1978</span> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Lenz" title="Hermann Lenz">Hermann Lenz</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1979</span> <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Meister" title="Ernst Meister">Ernst Meister</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1980</span> <a href="/wiki/Christa_Wolf" title="Christa Wolf">Christa Wolf</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1981</span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Walser" title="Martin Walser">Martin Walser</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1982</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weiss" title="Peter Weiss">Peter Weiss</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1983</span> <a href="/wiki/Wolfdietrich_Schnurre" title="Wolfdietrich Schnurre">Wolfdietrich Schnurre</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1984</span> <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Jandl" title="Ernst Jandl">Ernst Jandl</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1985</span> <a href="/wiki/Heiner_M%C3%BCller" title="Heiner Müller">Heiner Müller</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1986</span> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_D%C3%BCrrenmatt" title="Friedrich Dürrenmatt">Friedrich Dürrenmatt</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1987</span> <a href="/wiki/Erich_Fried" title="Erich Fried">Erich Fried</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1988</span> <a href="/wiki/Albert_Drach" title="Albert Drach">Albert Drach</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1989</span> <a href="/wiki/Botho_Strau%C3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Botho Strauß">Botho Strauß</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1990</span> <a href="/wiki/Tankred_Dorst" title="Tankred Dorst">Tankred Dorst</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1991</span> <a href="/wiki/Wolf_Biermann" title="Wolf Biermann">Wolf Biermann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1992</span> <a href="/wiki/George_Tabori" title="George Tabori">George Tabori</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1993</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_R%C3%BChmkorf" title="Peter Rühmkorf">Peter Rühmkorf</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1994</span> <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Muschg" title="Adolf Muschg">Adolf Muschg</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1995</span> <a href="/wiki/Durs_Gr%C3%BCnbein" title="Durs Grünbein">Durs Grünbein</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1996</span> <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Kirsch" title="Sarah Kirsch">Sarah Kirsch</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1997</span> <a href="/wiki/H._C._Artmann" title="H. C. Artmann">H. C. Artmann</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1998</span> <a href="/wiki/Elfriede_Jelinek" title="Elfriede Jelinek">Elfriede Jelinek</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">1999</span> <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Stadler" title="Arnold Stadler">Arnold Stadler</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2000</span> <a href="/wiki/Volker_Braun" title="Volker Braun">Volker Braun</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2001</span> <a href="/wiki/Friederike_Mayr%C3%B6cker" title="Friederike Mayröcker">Friederike Mayröcker</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2002</span> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Hilbig" title="Wolfgang Hilbig">Wolfgang Hilbig</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2003</span> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kluge" title="Alexander Kluge">Alexander Kluge</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2004</span> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Genazino" title="Wilhelm Genazino">Wilhelm Genazino</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2005</span> <a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Kronauer" title="Brigitte Kronauer">Brigitte Kronauer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2006</span> <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Pastior" title="Oskar Pastior">Oskar Pastior</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2007</span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Mosebach" title="Martin Mosebach">Martin Mosebach</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2008</span> <a href="/wiki/Josef_Winkler_(writer)" title="Josef Winkler (writer)">Josef Winkler</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2009</span> <a href="/wiki/Walter_Kappacher" title="Walter Kappacher">Walter Kappacher</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2010</span> <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Jirgl" title="Reinhard Jirgl">Reinhard Jirgl</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2011</span> <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Christian_Delius" title="Friedrich Christian Delius">Friedrich Christian Delius</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2012</span> <a href="/wiki/Felicitas_Hoppe" title="Felicitas Hoppe">Felicitas Hoppe</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2013</span> <a href="/wiki/Sibylle_Lewitscharoff" title="Sibylle Lewitscharoff">Sibylle Lewitscharoff</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2014</span> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Becker_(poet)" title="Jürgen Becker (poet)">Jürgen Becker</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2015</span> <a href="/wiki/Rainald_Goetz" title="Rainald Goetz">Rainald Goetz</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2016</span> <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Beyer" title="Marcel Beyer">Marcel Beyer</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2017</span> <a href="/wiki/Jan_Wagner_(poet)" title="Jan Wagner (poet)">Jan Wagner</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2018</span> <a href="/wiki/Ter%C3%A9zia_Mora" title="Terézia Mora">Terézia Mora</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2019</span> <a href="/wiki/Lukas_B%C3%A4rfuss" title="Lukas Bärfuss">Lukas Bärfuss</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2020</span> <a href="/wiki/Elke_Erb" title="Elke Erb">Elke Erb</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2021</span> <a href="/wiki/Clemens_J._Setz" title="Clemens J. Setz">Clemens J. Setz</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2022</span> <a href="/wiki/Emine_Sevgi_%C3%96zdamar" title="Emine Sevgi Özdamar">Emine Sevgi Özdamar</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2023</span> <a href="/wiki/Lutz_Seiler" title="Lutz Seiler">Lutz Seiler</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;">2024</span> <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Egger" title="Oswald Egger">Oswald Egger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="German-language_literature213" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:German_literature" title="Template:German literature"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:German_literature" title="Template talk:German literature"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:German_literature" title="Special:EditPage/Template:German literature"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="German-language_literature213" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/German_literature" title="German literature">German-language literature</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Germany" title="History of Germany">History of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Austria" title="History of Austria">History of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Switzerland" title="History of Switzerland">History of Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Liechtenstein" title="History of Liechtenstein">History of Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_High_German_literature" title="Old High German literature">Old High German literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_High_German_literature" title="Middle High German literature">Middle High German literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_New_High_German_literature" title="Early New High German literature">Early New High German literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturm_und_Drang" title="Sturm und Drang">Sturm und Drang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weimar_Classicism" title="Weimar Classicism">Weimar Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_realism" title="Literary realism">Literary realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weimar_culture" title="Weimar culture">Weimar culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exilliteratur" title="Exilliteratur">Exilliteratur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_literature" title="Austrian literature">Austrian literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_literature" title="Swiss literature">Swiss literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_studies" title="German studies">German studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Austrian_writers" title="Category:Austrian writers">Austrian writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_writers" title="Category:German writers">German writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Liechtenstein_writers" title="Category:Liechtenstein writers">Liechtenstein writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swiss_writers_in_German" title="Category:Swiss writers in German">Swiss writers in German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Translators_of_William_Shakespeare" title="Category:Translators of William Shakespeare">Category:Translators of William Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Reformation_literature" title="Template:Reformation literature">Reformation era literature</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medieval</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minnesang" title="Minnesang">Minnesang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_courtly_romance" title="German courtly romance">Courtly romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Der_von_K%C3%BCrenberg" title="Der von Kürenberg">Der von Kürenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietmar_von_Aist" title="Dietmar von Aist">Dietmar von Aist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinmar_von_Hagenau" title="Reinmar von Hagenau">Reinmar von Hagenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartmann_von_Aue" title="Hartmann von Aue">Hartmann von Aue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_von_der_Vogelweide" title="Walther von der Vogelweide">Walther von der Vogelweide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfram_von_Eschenbach" title="Wolfram von Eschenbach">Wolfram von Eschenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_von_Johansdorf" title="Albrecht von Johansdorf">Albrecht von Johansdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Morungen" title="Heinrich von Morungen">Heinrich von Morungen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_von_Strassburg" title="Gottfried von Strassburg">Gottfried von Strassburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_von_Bern" title="Dietrich von Bern">Dietrich von Bern</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nibelungenlied" title="Nibelungenlied">Nibelungenlied</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Dach" title="Simon Dach">Simon Dach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Fleming_(poet)" title="Paul Fleming (poet)">Paul Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Folz" title="Hans Folz">Hans Folz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Jakob_Christoffel_von_Grimmelshausen" title="Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen">Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Gryphius" title="Andreas Gryphius">Andreas Gryphius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Hoffmann_von_Hoffmannswaldau" title="Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau">Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Michael_Moscherosch" title="Johann Michael Moscherosch">Johann Michael Moscherosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Opitz" title="Martin Opitz">Martin Opitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Sachs" title="Hans Sachs">Hans Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelus_Silesius" title="Angelus Silesius">Angelus Silesius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ulrich,_Duke_of_Brunswick" title="Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick">Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wickram" title="Georg Wickram">Georg Wickram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barthold_Heinrich_Brockes" title="Barthold Heinrich Brockes">Barthold Heinrich Brockes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_F%C3%BCrchtegott_Gellert" title="Christian Fürchtegott Gellert">Christian Gellert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christoph_Gottsched" title="Johann Christoph Gottsched">Johann Christoph Gottsched</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christian_G%C3%BCnther" title="Johann Christian Günther">Johann Christian Günther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_H%C3%B6lderlin" title="Friedrich Hölderlin">Friedrich Hölderlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Gottlieb_Klopstock" title="Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock">Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Michael_Reinhold_Lenz" title="Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz">Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotthold_Ephraim_Lessing" title="Gotthold Ephraim Lessing">Gotthold Ephraim Lessing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a> (Friedrich von Hardenberg)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Paul" title="Jean Paul">Jean Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Friedrich Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Schnabel" title="Johann Gottfried Schnabel">Johann Gottfried Schnabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Martin_Wieland" title="Christoph Martin Wieland">Christoph Martin Wieland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_von_Arnim" title="Bettina von Arnim">Bettina von Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achim_von_Arnim" title="Achim von Arnim">Achim von Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Brentano" title="Clemens Brentano">Clemens Brentano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner" title="Georg Büchner">Georg Büchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelbert_von_Chamisso" title="Adelbert von Chamisso">Adelbert von Chamisso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_von_Droste-H%C3%BClshoff" title="Annette von Droste-Hülshoff">Annette von Droste-Hülshoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_von_Ebner-Eschenbach" title="Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach">Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Freiherr_von_Eichendorff" title="Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff">Joseph von Eichendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Fontane" title="Theodor Fontane">Theodor Fontane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Freytag" title="Gustav Freytag">Gustav Freytag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremias_Gotthelf" title="Jeremias Gotthelf">Jeremias Gotthelf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Grillparzer" title="Franz Grillparzer">Franz Grillparzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Grimm" title="Jacob Grimm">Jacob Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Grimm" title="Wilhelm Grimm">Wilhelm Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhart_Hauptmann" title="Gerhart Hauptmann">Gerhart Hauptmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Friedrich_Hebbel" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Friedrich Hebbel">Christian Friedrich Hebbel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Peter_Hebel" title="Johann Peter Hebel">Johann Peter Hebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heinrich Heine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Herwegh" title="Georg Herwegh">Georg Herwegh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Heyse" title="Paul Heyse">Paul Heyse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._T._A._Hoffmann" title="E. T. A. Hoffmann">E. T. A. Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_H%C3%B6lderlin" title="Friedrich Hölderlin">Friedrich Hölderlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Keller" title="Gottfried Keller">Gottfried Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Kleist" title="Heinrich von Kleist">Heinrich von Kleist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Lenau" title="Nikolaus Lenau">Nikolaus Lenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_May" title="Karl May">Karl May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Ferdinand_Meyer" title="Conrad Ferdinand Meyer">Conrad Ferdinand Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_M%C3%B6rike" title="Eduard Mörike">Eduard Mörike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nestroy" title="Johann Nestroy">Johann Nestroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Raabe" title="Wilhelm Raabe">Wilhelm Raabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adalbert_Stifter" title="Adalbert Stifter">Adalbert Stifter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Storm" title="Theodor Storm">Theodor Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Ludwig Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Uhland" title="Ludwig Uhland">Ludwig Uhland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_Ayim" title="May Ayim">May Ayim</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ingeborg Bachmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Bahr" title="Hermann Bahr">Hermann Bahr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicki_Baum" title="Vicki Baum">Vicki Baum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_R._Becher" title="Johannes R. Becher">Johannes R. Becher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottfried_Benn" title="Gottfried Benn">Gottfried Benn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bernhard" title="Thomas Bernhard">Thomas Bernhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll" title="Heinrich Böll">Heinrich Böll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brasch" title="Thomas Brasch">Thomas Brasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Braun" title="Volker Braun">Volker Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Dieter_Brinkmann" title="Rolf Dieter Brinkmann">Rolf Dieter Brinkmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Broch" title="Hermann Broch">Hermann Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnolt_Bronnen" title="Arnolt Bronnen">Arnolt Bronnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Burger" title="Hermann Burger">Hermann Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Canetti" title="Elias Canetti">Elias Canetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Celan" title="Paul Celan">Paul Celan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_D%C3%B6blin" title="Alfred Döblin">Alfred Döblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimito_von_Doderer" title="Heimito von Doderer">Heimito von Doderer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_D%C3%BCrrenmatt" title="Friedrich Dürrenmatt">Friedrich Dürrenmatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_Feuchtwanger" title="Lion Feuchtwanger">Lion Feuchtwanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marieluise_Flei%C3%9Fer" title="Marieluise Fleißer">Marieluise Fleißer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Fried" title="Erich Fried">Erich Fried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Frisch" title="Max Frisch">Max Frisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_George" title="Stefan George">Stefan George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Grass" title="Günter Grass">Günter Grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlen_Haushofer" title="Marlen Haushofer">Marlen Haushofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hermann Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Heym" title="Georg Heym">Georg Heym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Hilbig" title="Wolfgang Hilbig">Wolfgang Hilbig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_von_Hofmannsthal" title="Hugo von Hofmannsthal">Hugo von Hofmannsthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96d%C3%B6n_von_Horv%C3%A1th" title="Ödön von Horváth">Ödön von Horváth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricarda_Huch" title="Ricarda Huch">Ricarda Huch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Huchel" title="Peter Huchel">Peter Huchel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Jandl" title="Ernst Jandl">Ernst Jandl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Johnson" title="Uwe Johnson">Uwe Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_J%C3%BCnger" title="Ernst Jünger">Ernst Jünger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_K%C3%A4stner" title="Erich Kästner">Erich Kästner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Kesten" title="Hermann Kesten">Hermann Kesten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irmgard_Keun" title="Irmgard Keun">Irmgard Keun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Kirsch" title="Sarah Kirsch">Sarah Kirsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egon_Kisch" title="Egon Kisch">Egon Erwin Kisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_Kracauer" title="Siegfried Kracauer">Siegfried Kracauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kraus_(writer)" title="Karl Kraus (writer)">Karl Kraus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Else_Lasker-Sch%C3%BCler" title="Else Lasker-Schüler">Else Lasker-Schüler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurd_Lasswitz" title="Kurd Lasswitz">Kurd Laßwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gert_Ledig" title="Gert Ledig">Gert Ledig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_Lenz" title="Siegfried Lenz">Siegfried Lenz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Mann" title="Heinrich Mann">Heinrich Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Mann" title="Klaus Mann">Klaus Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friederike_Mayr%C3%B6cker" title="Friederike Mayröcker">Friederike Mayröcker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Morgenstern" title="Christian Morgenstern">Christian Morgenstern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_M%C3%BChsam" title="Erich Mühsam">Erich Mühsam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiner_M%C3%BCller" title="Heiner Müller">Heiner Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Muschg" title="Adolf Muschg">Adolf Muschg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Musil" title="Robert Musil">Robert Musil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Maria_Remarque" title="Erich Maria Remarque">Erich Maria Remarque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Maria_Rilke" title="Rainer Maria Rilke">Rainer Maria Rilke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Roth" title="Joseph Roth">Joseph Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Nelly Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_von_Salomon" title="Ernst von Salomon">Ernst von Salomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Scheerbart" title="Paul Scheerbart">Paul Scheerbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schnitzler" title="Arthur Schnitzler">Arthur Schnitzler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helga_Schubert" title="Helga Schubert">Helga Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Schwitters" title="Kurt Schwitters">Kurt Schwitters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._G._Sebald" title="W. G. Sebald">W. G. Sebald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Seghers" title="Anna Seghers">Anna Seghers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berta_von_Suttner" class="mw-redirect" title="Berta von Suttner">Berta von Suttner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Toller" title="Ernst Toller">Ernst Toller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Trakl" title="Georg Trakl">Georg Trakl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Tucholsky" title="Kurt Tucholsky">Kurt Tucholsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Walser" title="Robert Walser">Robert Walser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Weinheber" title="Josef Weinheber">Josef Weinheber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Weiss" title="Peter Weiss">Peter Weiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Werfel" title="Franz Werfel">Franz Werfel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christa_Wolf" title="Christa Wolf">Christa Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Zweig" title="Stefan Zweig">Stefan Zweig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contemporary<br />writers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zsuzsa_B%C3%A1nk" title="Zsuzsa Bánk">Zsuzsa Bánk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brussig" title="Thomas Brussig">Thomas Brussig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Erpenbeck" title="Jenny Erpenbeck">Jenny Erpenbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainald_Goetz" title="Rainald Goetz">Rainald Goetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durs_Gr%C3%BCnbein" title="Durs Grünbein">Durs Grünbein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judith_Hermann" title="Judith Hermann">Judith Hermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elfriede_Jelinek" title="Elfriede Jelinek">Elfriede Jelinek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Jirgl" title="Reinhard Jirgl">Reinhard Jirgl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wladimir_Kaminer" title="Wladimir Kaminer">Wladimir Kaminer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kehlmann" title="Daniel Kehlmann">Daniel Kehlmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Kinsky" title="Esther Kinsky">Esther Kinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kluge" title="Alexander Kluge">Alexander Kluge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_K%C3%B6hler" title="Barbara Köhler">Barbara Köhler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Kracht" title="Christian Kracht">Christian Kracht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Maron" title="Monika Maron">Monika Maron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Meyer" title="Clemens Meyer">Clemens Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ter%C3%A9zia_Mora" title="Terézia Mora">Terézia Mora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herta_M%C3%BCller" title="Herta Müller">Herta Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Dodua_Otoo" title="Sharon Dodua Otoo">Sharon Dodua Otoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emine_Sevgi_%C3%96zdamar" title="Emine Sevgi Özdamar">Emine Sevgi Özdamar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_Pr%C3%A4auer" title="Teresa Präauer">Teresa Präauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julya_Rabinowich" title="Julya Rabinowich">Julya Rabinowich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafik_Schami" title="Rafik Schami">Rafik Schami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingo_Schulze" title="Ingo Schulze">Ingo Schulze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutz_Seiler" title="Lutz Seiler">Lutz Seiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_J._Setz" title="Clemens J. Setz">Clemens J. Setz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botho_Strauss" title="Botho Strauss">Botho Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoko_Tawada" title="Yoko Tawada">Yoko Tawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwe_Timm" title="Uwe Timm">Uwe Timm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilija_Trojanow" title="Ilija Trojanow">Ilija Trojanow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Wagner_(poet)" title="Jan Wagner (poet)">Jan Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Walser" title="Martin Walser">Martin Walser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wawerzinek" title="Peter Wawerzinek">Peter Wawerzinek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Wondratschek" title="Wolf Wondratschek">Wolf Wondratschek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feridun_Zaimo%C4%9Flu" title="Feridun Zaimoğlu">Feridun Zaimoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juli_Zeh" title="Juli Zeh">Juli Zeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">German-language<br />Nobel laureates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Theodor Mommsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken">Rudolf Christoph Eucken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Heyse" title="Paul Heyse">Paul Heyse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhart_Hauptmann" title="Gerhart Hauptmann">Gerhart Hauptmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Spitteler" title="Carl Spitteler">Carl Spitteler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Thomas Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hermann Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs" title="Nelly Sachs">Nelly Sachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_B%C3%B6ll" title="Heinrich Böll">Heinrich Böll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Canetti" title="Elias Canetti">Elias Canetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Grass" title="Günter Grass">Günter Grass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elfriede_Jelinek" title="Elfriede Jelinek">Elfriede Jelinek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herta_M%C3%BCller" title="Herta Müller">Herta Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Handke" title="Peter Handke">Peter Handke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">German-language<br />literary awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Festival_of_German-Language_Literature" title="Festival of German-Language Literature">Ingeborg Bachmann Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner_Prize" title="Georg Büchner Prize">Georg Büchner Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud_Prize" title="Sigmund Freud Prize">Sigmund Freud Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelbert_von_Chamisso_Prize" title="Adelbert von Chamisso Prize">Adelbert von Chamisso Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Fallada_Prize" title="Hans Fallada Prize">Hans Fallada Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goethe_Prize" title="Goethe Prize">Goethe Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine_Prize" title="Heinrich Heine Prize">Heinrich Heine Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleist_Prize" title="Kleist Prize">Kleist Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leipzig_Book_Fair_Prize" title="Leipzig Book Fair Prize">Leipzig Book Fair Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelly_Sachs_Prize" title="Nelly Sachs Prize">Nelly Sachs Prize</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/6839">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/10390/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwtpdrXQxXrMT67b4Dg8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118505602">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50031127">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11889805f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11889805f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00432010">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bachmann, Ingeborg"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV072723">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35690576">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bachmann, Ingeborg"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19981000185&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/80817">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007258031805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058520221906706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14653239">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00265854?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/c7cf9662-8891-4cda-90ba-e871e45b9b7b">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adk.de/de/akademie/mitglieder/?we_objectID=50225">ADK</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.performing-arts.eu/discovery/agent/gnd_118505602">FID</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1044159">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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