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block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Call_signs_in_North_America" title="Special:EditPage/Call signs in North America">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Call+signs+in+North+America%22">"Call signs in North America"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Call+signs+in+North+America%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Call+signs+in+North+America%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Call+signs+in+North+America%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Call+signs+in+North+America%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Call+signs+in+North+America%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2009</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Call_sign" title="Call sign">Call signs</a> are frequently still used by <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North American</a> <a href="/wiki/Broadcasting" title="Broadcasting">broadcast stations</a>, in addition to <a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">amateur radio</a> and other international radio stations that continue to identify by <a href="/wiki/Call_sign" title="Call sign">call signs</a> worldwide. Each country has a different set of patterns for its own call signs. Call signs are allocated to <a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">ham radio</a> stations in <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. </p><p>Many countries have specific conventions for classifying call signs by transmitter characteristics and location. The call sign format for <a href="/wiki/Radio_call_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio call sign">radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Television_call_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="Television call sign">television call signs</a> follows a number of conventions. All call signs begin with a prefix assigned by the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> (ITU). For example, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> has been assigned the following prefixes: <b>AAA</b>–<b>ALZ</b>, <b>K</b>, <b>N</b>, <b>W</b>. For a complete list, see <a href="/wiki/ITU_prefix" title="ITU prefix">international call sign allocations</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Bermuda,_Bahamas,_and_the_Caribbean"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Bermuda, Bahamas, and the Caribbean</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Cuba"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Cuba</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Dominican_Republic"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Dominican Republic</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#French_West_Indies"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">French West Indies</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Haiti"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Haiti</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Netherlands_Antilles"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Netherlands Antilles</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Trinidad_and_Tobago"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">Trinidad and Tobago</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Canada"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Canada</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Mexico"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Mexico</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#United_States"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">United States</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Bermuda,_Bahamas,_and_the_Caribbean"><span id="Bermuda.2C_Bahamas.2C_and_the_Caribbean"></span>Bermuda, Bahamas, and the Caribbean</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Bermuda, Bahamas, and the Caribbean" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Pertaining to their status as former or current colonies, all of the <a href="/wiki/British_West_Indies" title="British West Indies">British West Indies</a> islands shared the <b>VS</b>, <b>ZB</b>–<b>ZJ</b>, and <b>ZN</b>–<b>ZO</b> prefixes. The current, largely post-independence, allocation list is as follows: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a> (in amateur radio <b>VP2E</b> prefix)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a> (uses <b>V2</b> prefix)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a> (has the <b>C6</b> prefix)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> (uses <b>8P</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> (also uses <b>VS</b>, in amateur radio normally <b>VP9</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a> (for amateur radio uses <b>VP2V</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a> (<b>ZF</b> for amateur operation, <b>ZF1</b> for <a href="/wiki/Grand_Cayman" title="Grand Cayman">Grand Cayman</a>, <b>ZF8</b> for <a href="/wiki/Little_Cayman" title="Little Cayman">Little Cayman</a> and <b>ZF9</b> for <a href="/wiki/Cayman_Brac" title="Cayman Brac">Cayman Brac</a> islands. Visiting reciprocal for all islands is <b>ZF2</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a> (Commonwealth of Dominica, uses <b>J7</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a> (uses <b>J3</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> (uses <b>6Y</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a> (for amateur operation <b>VP2M</b> prefix)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Kitts and Nevis">St. Kitts and Nevis</a> (uses <b>V4</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Lucia">St. Lucia</a> (uses <b>J6</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a> (uses <b>J8</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a> (typically uses <b>VP5</b>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuba">Cuba</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cuba" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Cuba uses the prefixes <b>CL</b>–<b>CM</b>, <b>CO</b>, and <b>T4</b>, with district numbers from 0 to 9 for amateur operations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dominican_Republic">Dominican Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dominican Republic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The Dominican Republic uses the prefixes <b>HI</b>–<b>HJ</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French_West_Indies">French West Indies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: French West Indies" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>All of the French possessions share the prefix <b>F</b>. Further divisions that are used by amateur stations are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a> – uses <b>FG</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a> – uses <b>FM</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Martin_(island)" title="Saint Martin (island)">Saint Martin</a> – uses <b>FS</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Barth%C3%A9lemy" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-Barthélemy">Saint-Barthélemy</a> – uses <b>FJ</b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Haiti">Haiti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Haiti" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Haiti has been assigned the call sign prefixes <b>HH</b> and <b>4V</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netherlands_Antilles">Netherlands Antilles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Netherlands Antilles" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a> use the <b>PA</b>–<b>PI</b> prefixes, while the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Antilles" title="Netherlands Antilles">Netherlands Antilles</a> use the <b>PJ</b> prefix. <a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a> has been assigned <b>P4</b> by the <a href="/wiki/ITU" class="mw-redirect" title="ITU">ITU</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trinidad_and_Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Trinidad and Tobago" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The island nation of <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> use the <b>9Y</b>–<b>9Z</b> prefixes. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Canada">Canada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Canada" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Call_signs_in_Canada" title="Call signs in Canada">Call signs in Canada</a></div> <p>Canadian broadcast stations are assigned a three-, four-, or five-letter base call sign (not including the "-FM", "-TV" or "-DT" suffix) beginning with <b>CB</b>, <b>CF</b>, <b>CH</b>, <b>CI</b>, <b>CJ</b>, <b>CK</b>, <b>VF</b>, or <b>VO</b>. The "CB" series calls are assigned to <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> by the ITU, but Canada makes <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> use of this series anyway for stations belonging to, but not exclusively broadcasting programs from, the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</a> (CBC).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several other prefixes, including <b>CG</b>, <b>CY</b>-<b>CZ</b>, <b>VA</b>-<b>VE</b>, <b>VG</b>, and the <b>XJ</b>-<b>XO</b> range, are available, but are not used in broadcasting. Conventional radio and television stations almost exclusively use "C" call signs; with the exception of a few commercial radio stations in <a href="/wiki/St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador">St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador</a> which existed prior to the admission of Newfoundland as a province in 1949, the "V" calls are restricted to specialized uses such as <a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">amateur radio</a>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Mexico">Mexico</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Mexico" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Call_signs_in_Mexico" title="Call signs in Mexico">Call signs in Mexico</a></div> <p>Mexican broadcast stations are assigned call signs beginning with "XE" (for <a href="/wiki/Mediumwave" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediumwave">mediumwave</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shortwave" class="mw-redirect" title="Shortwave">shortwave</a> stations) or "XH" (for <a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Television_station" title="Television station">television stations</a>), followed by one and up to five letters and a suffix according to the band in which they broadcast, these suffixes are: "-AM", "-OC" (shortwave or <i>Onda Corta</i>), "-FM" and "-TDT" (Terrestrial Digital Television). The "-OL" (<a href="/wiki/Longwave" title="Longwave">longwave</a> or <i>Onda Larga</i>) and "-TV" suffixes are currently phased out as those bands are no longer used. Some FM and television stations have call signs beginning with "XE", usually reserved for AM radio stations. Most of these "XE" cases in FM and television stations were solicited by the concessionaires themselves so the stations would have the same call sign as an existing AM station (as it is the case of <a href="/wiki/XEW-AM" title="XEW-AM">XEW-AM</a>, <a href="/wiki/XEW-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="XEW-TV">XEW-TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/XEW-FM" class="mw-redirect" title="XEW-FM">XEW-FM</a>, all founded and owned by the <a href="/wiki/Azc%C3%A1rraga_family" title="Azcárraga family">Azcárraga family</a>), while others are for disambiguation (like <a href="/wiki/XHTV-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="XHTV-TV">XHTV-TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/XETV-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="XETV-TV">XETV-TV</a> or <a href="/wiki/XEIMT-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="XEIMT-TV">XEIMT-TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/XHIMT-TV" class="mw-redirect" title="XHIMT-TV">XHIMT-TV</a>). All TV stations originally assigned with the "-TV" suffix, had been given the "-TDT" suffix as they made the <a href="/wiki/Digital_switchover" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital switchover">digital switchover</a>.<br> </p><p>Television stations are required to identify every 30 minutes; there has been no equivalent requirement in radio since 2014. Television <a href="/wiki/Rebroadcaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Rebroadcaster">rebroadcasters</a> are assigned the call signs of the station they are licensed to retransmit; for instance, <a href="/wiki/XEZ-TDT" class="mw-redirect" title="XEZ-TDT">XEZ-TDT</a>, located on Cerro El Zamorano in <a href="/wiki/Quer%C3%A9taro" title="Querétaro">Querétaro</a>, has a repeater on Cerro Culiacán serving <a href="/wiki/Celaya" title="Celaya">Celaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guanajuato" title="Guanajuato">Guanajuato</a>, which is also XEZ-TV. <a href="/wiki/Digital_subchannels" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital subchannels">Digital subchannels</a> are not assigned a distinctive call sign; they keep the call sign of the station. The technical guidelines for digital television stations stipulate the use of <a href="/wiki/PSIP" class="mw-redirect" title="PSIP">PSIP</a> short names matching the parent station (e.g. <a href="/wiki/XHTDMX-TDT" title="XHTDMX-TDT">XHTDMX</a>2, XHTDMX3). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio" title="Amateur radio">Amateur radio</a> stations in Mexico use "XE1" for the central region, "XE2" for the northern region, and "XE3" for the southern region. "XF" prefixes indicate islands. "XF4" is usually used for the <a href="/wiki/Revillagigedo_Islands" title="Revillagigedo Islands">Revillagigedo Islands</a> and nearby islets. Special call signs for contests or celebrations are occasionally issued, often in the 4A and 6D series, although these will follow the usual district numbering system (4A3 for the south, etc.). </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: United States" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Call_signs_in_the_United_States" title="Call signs in the United States">Call signs in the United States</a></div> <p>The earliest identification, used in the 1910s and into the early 1920s, was arbitrary. The U.S. government began requiring stations to use three-letter call signs around 1912, but they could be chosen at random. This system was replaced by the basic form of the current system in the early 1920s. Examples of pre-1920 stations include 8XK in <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, which became <a href="/wiki/KDKA_(AM)" title="KDKA (AM)">KDKA</a> in November 1920, and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Herrold" title="Charles Herrold">Charles Herrold</a>'s series of identifiers from 1909 in <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a>: first "This is the Herrold Station" or "San Jose calling",<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then the call signs FN, SJN, 6XF, and 6XE, then, with the advent of modern call signs, KQW in December 1921, and eventually <a href="/wiki/KCBS_(AM)" title="KCBS (AM)">KCBS</a> from 1949 onward. </p><p>All broadcast call signs in the United States begin with either <b>K</b> or <b>W</b>, with "K" usually west of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> and "W" usually east of it. Initial letters <b>AA</b> through <b>AL</b>, as well as <b>N</b>, are internationally allocated to the United States but are not used for broadcast stations. </p><p>In the United States, broadcast stations have call signs of three to seven characters in length, including suffixes for certain types of service, but the minimum length for new stations is four characters, and seven-character call signs result only from rare combinations of suffixes. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_of_license" title="City of license">City of license</a>, another element of station licensing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facility_ID" title="Facility ID">Facility ID</a>, used by the FCC in the United States to distinguish broadcast stations without regard to call sign changes</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p>The rules governing call signs for stations in the United States are set out in the FCC rules, 47 <a href="/wiki/Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Code of Federal Regulations">C.F.R.</a> chapter I. Specific rules for each particular service are set out in the part of the rules dealing with that service. A general overview of call sign formats is found at <span><a href="/wiki/Title_47_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations">47 CFR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/section-2.302">2.302</a></span>. Rules for broadcast stations' call sign are principally defined in <span><a href="/wiki/Title_47_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations">47 CFR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/section-73.3550">73.3550</a></span>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://caymanhams.org/">"Cayman Amateur Radio Society"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cayman+Amateur+Radio+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcaymanhams.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACall+signs+in+North+America" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070210194402/http://www.dxinfocentre.com/wx-fm.htm">"DXinfocentre.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dxinfocentre.com/wx-fm.htm">the original</a> on 2007-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-05-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DXinfocentre.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dxinfocentre.com%2Fwx-fm.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACall+signs+in+North+America" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheek" class="citation web cs1">Cheek, Marty. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070203083252/http://www.bayarearadio.org/audio/kqw/kqw_30th-anniv_nov-10-1945.shtml">"About Doc Herrold"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pleasanton,_California" title="Pleasanton, California">Pleasanton, California</a>: Bay Area Radio Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bayarearadio.org/audio/kqw/kqw_30th-anniv_nov-10-1945.shtml">the original</a> on 2007-02-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-05-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Doc+Herrold&rft.place=Pleasanton%2C+California&rft.pub=Bay+Area+Radio+Museum&rft.aulast=Cheek&rft.aufirst=Marty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bayarearadio.org%2Faudio%2Fkqw%2Fkqw_30th-anniv_nov-10-1945.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACall+signs+in+North+America" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Call_signs_in_North_America&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tophour.com">Tophour.com</a> — Top-of-the-hour station identifications with call signs from American AM and FM radio stations</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://henney.com/chm/callsign.htm">Military Callsign List</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earlyradiohistory.us/kwtrivia.htm">K/W Call Letters in the United States</a> — A comprehensive historical review of K and W call letter assignments for AM band (mediumwave) radio stations in the United States</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earlyradiohistory.us/recap.htm">EarlyRadioHistory.us</a> — United States call sign policies</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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